United Burmese Cat Fanciers UBCF In This Issue Pet Contracts by Nina Pearlmutter . Early Neurological Stimulation by L.Battaglia Carmen . Aventures of aNew Burmese Breeder by Lauri Henry . Editorial -Burmese Resolutions by L.Reeves Nancy . Burmese Rescue . UBCF President’s Messageby Rogers-Hawke Willa . The Birthing Kitby Suzanne Berrin . Breeding Philosophies by Donna Stewart. 2007-2008 burmese Show Success . Eight Pound Burmese Provides Love during Cancer. Judging inMoscow, Russia by Bob Gleason. The Russian Burmese Story by Olesya Kolosova . FIP Research Announcement -Leslie Lyons andNiels Pedersen. Tips onTips Raising Kittens from UBCFMembers . Plans forPlans theNext UBCFNewsletter . UBCF Membership andOfficers andHow to Join UBCF......
Newsletter ...... Volume II,Issue 1--JANUARY 2009 ...... 30 10 18 23 28 26 35 33 36 38 40 40 6 3 2 2 President’s Message by Willa Rogers-Hawke
Dear UBCF Members, A New Year has descended upon us. A new US President has entered the Oval Office. New UBCF members from around the world and new colors now welcomed into our once sable only family -- what better theme for this issue than kittens and the new hope that each litter brings with it? I hope this year has gotten off to a good start for you, though it may be fraught with financial challenges for all of us. But like our new kittens hope springs eternal. Is this the litter that has the kitten that I have dreamed of breeding? Will my new babies be healthy and sound? Good questions that we all ask ourselves as the cycle of life continues with each new generation of Burmese. Renewed efforts are being made on top of the hard work that has already been done to find answers and solutions to breeding problems that have plagued our beloved cats for so many years. Always the eternal optimist I look for an answer, just as I know you do, and for the day when we can see an increase in the numbers of breeders working within our breed. We may never reach the glory days of old when our funny brown cats were one of the largest numbers entered at any given show; but we can certainly hope to see many more of them in the years to come. I believe this because I must believe this. These funny little clowns have been an integral part of my own life for so many years that I can’t imagine life without them. And we will not let that happen. And so my fellow Burmese lovers let us look carefully at our new babies and those that are yet to be born with an eye and belief that each generation refreshes our love and feelings for our breed, because indeed the glass is half full and is filling up with each new litter. I hope you enjoy this month’s theme as much as Nancy, Art, and the rest have enjoyed preparing it for you. As I said above we may never again reach the glory days of old in terms of numbers of Burmese at our shows - but then again we just might! WillaRogers-Hawke, President United Burmese Cat Fanciers, Inc. Burmese Rescue
Through a variety of circumstances, some of our adult and senior Burmese find themselves without a home or in danger of losing their home. UBCF considers it an important responsibility for Burmese breeders and fanciers to help spread the word about these at risk cats, or to provide direct help in obtaining new homes for them. Following are only a few of the cats that currently need homes. This information comes from the Burmese Rescue Site at the National Alliance of Burmese Breeders (www.burmesecat.org), and we applaud their ongoing work and success in finding homes for Burmese that need rescue. We are using this forum to help in that effort. For additional information about these cats or others that need our help, please contact the rescue coordinator:
Austin, TX (12/19/08) - Tufa is a 10 month old sable kitten who is neutered. Very loving and needs a home where he can run around and be active. Current owner is entering a Masters Program and will be away from the home for long periods of time. Tufa requires a special diet with special prescription food. Contact Michelle Foster [email protected]
Newark, DE (12/4/08) - Geneva is a 12 y/o healthy female. She has become the “victim” cat in a house that has 3 other cats. For the past year, fear has kept her confined to a bedroom. Geneva is very loving, sweet and healthy. Owner wants her to have a good home with no other cats. Please contact Diana Cebrick 302-981-5973 or email her at [email protected]
Montclair, NJ (11/25/08) - Jake is a very handsome and healthy 7 year old sable male. He lives with his family in Mt. Clair New Jersey and he very much needs a good home. He is very affectionate and gets along with children, dog and cats. He has been living with Simba, who is a striped orange tabby. They get along so well that keeping them together seems like the right thing to do. Simba is also very sweet. If interested contact Christine Lane at [email protected].
Page 2 UBCF January 2009 Burmese Resolutions
resolutions, and since that time we have made progress on those resolutions. Our membership has grown nationally res o lu tion [rez-uh-loo-shuhn] and internationally, we have been getting to know each other and we have been sharing information about our 1. a formal expression of opinion or cats and their care. We have also increased awareness of intention made, usually after voting, the Burmese breed through our UBCF website, through shows we've attended as exhibitors, and through copies of by a formal organization, a legislature, our newsletters sent to judges and to others interested in a club, or other group. Burmese cats. 2. a resolve or determination: to make a But there are many challenges ahead, which brings us firm resolution to do something. us to definition # 2.
3. the act of resolving or determining . . . a resolve or determination: to make a firm upon an action or course of action, resolution to do something. method, procedure, etc. 4. the mental state or quality of being We are making progress and that is wonderful. Yet resolved or resolute; firmness of we face an abundance of challenges, and meeting those challenges will require determination from all of us. The purpose. number of Burmese breeders and kittens born each year continues to decline. Lethal diseases and genetic defects These are just a handful of the dozen definitions of still plague our breed. The global economic recession "resolution" found at dictionary.com. I picked these four puts less money in our pockets for cat food and supplies, because they seem most appropriate not only to this time veterinary care and showing, and the costs are rising for of year, but also to this time in the history of the Burmese our hobby, which as we all know is rarely if ever profitable. breed and the United Burmese Cat Fanciers. Like many small businesses that are closing doors, will As each old year ends and a new one begins, most of more breeders quit simply because they cannot afford it us review the year that has passed with all its events and anymore? Animal rights legislation looms on the horizon accomplishments, good and bad, and think about what we for many states, and that threatens our ability to maintain would like to achieve in the new year. I think we all agree our catteries in those areas. Prospective clients are also that 2008 was a remarkable year with extreme highs and feeling the pressure to cut back on spending -- will we have lows from the historic presidential election to the onset of fewer clients in the future, or will loyalty to the Burmese cat the global recession. And so we begin 2009 with a fragile remain? What do we need to succeed against these odds? mixture of hope and fear. If ever there were a good time for us to be resolved to work together for a better future for us and for our Burmese cats, it is now. Let’s think about some resolutions for the year - starting with definition # 1.
. . . a formal expression of opinion or intention made, usually after voting, by a formal organization, a legislature, a club, or other group.
The "new" UBCF is celebrating an anniversary! It was just over a year ago when our first election was held and our first UBCF newsletter published, and only a few months prior to that when breeders and fanciers from around the world joined together to revive UBCF, to preserve and promote healthy Burmese cats. As part of that revival GC Gray Mark’s Agate of Burma Pearl (aka “Aggie”) we affirmed and strengthened our UBCF mission and Photo courtesy of National Geographic
UBCF January 2009 Page 3 burmese resolutions, continued . . . the act of resolving or determining upon an action or course of action, method, procedure, etc.
There is good news amidst of of this: there are courses of action that are available to us right now that will help further our mission to preserve and promote our Burmese breed. To assure success, ALL OF US need to get involved. Here are some of the more important opportunities we have available to us:
Art Graafmans will shortly be circulating a critical health survey that will help give researchers a snapshot of our breed and the health problems that exist and need Rosie the most attention. Participation is critical to the success of this survey. with the public and with other UBCF members around the Drs. Leslie Lyons and Niels Pedersen at U. C. Davis world, supporting each other as we work towards achieving have launched their FIP study of Burmese and Birman our goals. Cats (see the article on pages 28-29 of this newsletter). This is a devastating disease that needs more research, but These are just a few of the steps we need to take to there are many reasons to be hopeful that solutions can be assure the future of the Burmese cat. It seems like a lot, found. It requires samples from both FIP affected and non almost overwhelming when you review such a list. Yet affected cats. We can no longer be silent about this disease. most of these steps will not take much individual effort for Confidentiality will be maintained at Davis, but without breeders or exhibitors. Filling out surveys and sending in your samples and pedigree information the study will not DNA swabs and completed sample forms do not require succeed. much time or money. A comprehensive plan will take Research on the Cranialfacial Mutation (Burmese longer but we can divide responsibilities and collaborate to Head Defect) continues, and the hope of finding a genetic develop and refine it. All that is truly required for success marker is high. Leslie Lyons at U. C. Davis is down to is one resolution: that each of us will take the time to take testing only a few genes, and the sequencing of the feline these steps for a healthy future for our breed. genome, nearly complete, may provide critical clues to finding the gene(s) responsible. More DNA is needed both . . . the mental state or quality of being from affected kittens and from carrier (HD+) and non- resolved or resolute; firmness of purpose. carrier (HD-) cats. And once the marker is found, a step by step program will need to be developed so we can work As you know from the September 2008 UBCF towards elimination of this lethal defect from the Burmese newsletter, this past year was not a good one for my Burma breed. Pearl cattery. And it got worse after that issue of the We must evaluate outcrosses to help increase our newsletter was completed and sent to members. genetic diversity, and we must formulate plans and Since then I have lost two more young Burmese to FIP recommendations for the overall health and betterment (which brings up the total to seven lost to the disease from of our breed, to be voted on by breed council members my cattery). Just this month we had to euthanize the fifth and presented to the various registries. The ideas and kitten out of the litter of six, sweet little Roxy, who had goals we develop must be combined and incorporated into been the adorable runt of the litter. Now I am wondering a thoughtful proposal in order to have the best chance of how the remaining sixth kitten can possibly survive against succeeding. Registries like CFA are slow to change, so the such odds. Also, last October I had to put to sleep the case we present to them must be strong and comprehensive littermate sister of the mother of that FIP litter. and backed by evidence and research such as information Rosie's story is an especially sad one, and an example gathered through the health survey. of how stress plays a role in this terrible disease. Only two We can also help our beloved Burmese by renewing our years old, I had originally kept her to show and possibly UBCF memberships, and continuing to share information send to another breeder. Her sister Mahagiri, the mother
Page 4 UBCF January 2009 Editorial by Nancy L. Reeves of the FIP litter, was my first Grand Champion. But Rosie and genetic disease and we are close to obtaining the tools turned out to be too shy to be shown, and so she ended up that could let us prevent or control them. living quietly with me until I could find her a home of her We must not feel overwhelmed. We can make progress own. Last Fall I thought I had finally found a perfect home one day at a time, one survey or DNA submission at a time. for her in Los Angeles with someone who had cared for It's not hard to make progress with such doable, small steps Burmese for many years. Unfortunately, it turned out to be that each of us can easily take. disastrous, for a variety of reasons. Then it took me a week And in these challenging and depressing economic to get Rosie back home to the Bay Area where I live. times, our loving, playful, funny Burmese cats and kittens The new “owner” abandoned Rosie at a Los Angeles vet, on a daily basis bring us healthy doses of joy and laughter where she stayed for two days. Then generous Burmese and inspiration, which can be shared with friends and breeder friends, first Rose Wheeler and then Michele Clark, clients and the public at our cat shows. Each time I get a gave her haven until another friend could bring her back call or an email from someone who has had a Burmese, I home to me from Los Angeles. I will always be grateful to hear amazing and heartwarming stories of how important them for their kindness and help. Unfortunately, however, that cat was in their life and how they never could consider the trauma and stress of that trip south and back was too any other breed. Sharing this irreplaceable Burmese breed much for Rosie. A couple of weeks after coming home this with the world makes a positive difference. sweet, beautiful, shy girl developed an upper respiratory infection. In spite of treatment, she never fully recovered So for all of us -- breeders, exhibitors, Burmese lovers, from the URI, and then slowly began to deteriorate until and the families that give our kittens and cats homes -- and we finally realized she too was a victim of FIP, and that it for the future of our beloved breed, let us be resolved to was time to end her suffering and give her to research at each take the steps we need to make progress in 2009. Davis. Obviously, like her nieces and nephews, she was susceptible to the disease, but it was the stress of traveling I promised after the last big newsletter that the next to and from that new home that pushed her over the edge. one would be shorter -- well, as you can see, I have had I had already spayed the parents of my FIP kittens and to break that promise. However, I am delighted and proud cats, and then my last proven breeding queen developed of the articles that UBCF members have submitted. They pyometra in December and had to be spayed. Thus I have symbolize not only our successes this past year, but also started this new year of 2009 with no proven breeding cats our resolutions for the future of this breed we love so much. at all. I do have two young males and three young females I hope you enjoy this issue and will express your heartfelt who are whole and who I hope will help rebuild my cattery. thanks to the members who wrote articles, sent photos. and And one of those three girls, my little two year old sable, responded to my latest survey. Thanks also to Dr. Carmen Aggie (seen on the previous page), seems to be pregnant at Battaglia for his article on early neurological stimulation, last. I am awaiting the birth in March with a mixture of joy, and to Nina Pearlmutter for acquiring that article. since it has been a year since my last litter of kittens, and apprehension, given my losses over the last year. Nancy L. Reeves If anyone should have given up on the breed after all Burma Pearl Cattery that happened, it should have been me. The grief and pain alone, losing all these young cats after helplessly watching their suffering progress, sharing such deep sorrow with the families that loved and cared for them, was almost more than I could bear. And the financial load from vet bills and refunds to clients remains a significant burden. Yet somehow I remain resolved. Resolute. This breed is too precious to lose. We need everyone to continue breeding and raising and spreading the word about Burmese cats. And the fact that we have so many opportunities for action available to us now, opportunities that can and will make a difference, gives me hope. Years ago, many show cats died of distemper (we didn’t have vaccines) and from other diseases we didn’t understand (FIP wasn’t well described or known). Today, we understand so much more about viral Roxy
UBCF January 2009 Page 5 Adventures of a New Breeder
enough to participate. And even though I was not fluent in understanding her pedigree, those catteries sunk in. I just can't get them out of my mind and I can't help looking for them in every pedigree I read: Shoalcrest and Glen Crest; Bowbell, Taku and Arab'n Nts. I followed Suuki's pedigree back to Rogers Hts and Wil-O-Glen and I wonder about them and all of the others going back and even further back. From the bottom of my heart I want to know. But catteries don't last forever. I am beginning to appreciate what a miracle it is to see catteries still breeding after a number of years. A retired Burmese breeder and judge I very much Phoebe and Kimbia admire said recently, as if everyone knew, "Breeding cats is a trail of tears". And her words stuck with me. How far down that trail do I really want to go? My sweet Chloe Rookie Ramblings: keeps pushing me. Adventures of a Mentors Brand New Burmese Breeder Two days after our first litter was born our queen, Phoebe, passed a few bloody clots. It made her cry and by Lauri Henry it upset me tremendously. I should know better, I am a Singita Cattery Physician Assistant with a Masters degree. For some weird reason, I never made the connection that a queen passing a Photos by Michael Henry few clots after giving birth is normal. My vet wasn't in and several other cat breeder friends were unavailable. Phoebe My family for a long time consisted of a Burmese cat was continuing to pass clots and I started to wonder if she named Chloe and a Tonkinese named Tai. They meant was about to hemorrhage. Finally I decided to call my so much to me, and long after they are gone they still do. friend Kristi Graafmans far away, at 6 or 7 am California They were with me through graduate school and a divorce time, already around 9 am my time in Minnesota. I knew I and a long time on my own before I married Michael. And could count on her and she answered the phone right away. when they passed away, one after the other, only a few She explained to me that it was normal to pass a little blood years ago, I was lost without them. My Burm passed away in the first day or two. It sounds like such a small thing, but first. I began looking for another little Burmese princess knowing that this was normal prevented me from making right away. One month and 108 emails later, I just didn't a mistake, like taking Phoebe and her newborn kittens to understand where all the Burmese had gone. There were the vet and exposing the bunch of them to goodness knows no Burmese breeders at all in Minnesota at that time. Not what. one. And when I finally found a little sable girl in Florida Kristi was also on the phone for litter number two when that we named Phoebe, Brian Tripp slowly nudged me into Phoebe's first kitten crowned and stayed there for what breeding, one litter at a time. For me, breeding Burmese always comes back to one thing: Chloe. I don't really know why. I know I can't have her back. But my heart would break all over again if there were no more Burmese. I never registered Chloe, so I never knew her pedigree. After I decided to start breeding I looked for her littermates in Gerr's database. And there she was, one littermate, from Mayazain cattery, born on Chloe's birthday: Mayazain Suuki. When I read Suuki's pedigree for the first time it only half way made sense to me. I guess it was like the first time you hear a foreign language that everyone is speaking all around you. You can pick up about every third word, just enough to follow the conversation but not Phoebe and Imara
Page 6 UBCF January 2009 by Lauri Henry seemed like forever. She was driving to a show to clerk and reassured me that not all litters are born in 38 minutes like our first one. When our litter of 6 were finally here and nursing about an hour and a half later, she held her judge off for a second to take our call and hear our good news. Kristi has helped us so many times with so many issues. I will never be able to thank her. And Brian Tripp drove down from Minneapolis to help us sex the kittens from our second litter only a few days after he moved from Florida. Brian has an intuition about the cats. This was a tough litter, we couldn't get it straight and our vet couldn't get it straight. But he got it and was able to help us keep a couple of our kitten buyers with us. He also has been very sweet to help steer several kitten buyers our way and help us get this big litter placed. The knowledge, support and intuition that experienced breeders have to offer can't be found in books. The things I want to know now are not in the textbook of Canine and Kimbia at five weeks old Feline Theriogenology. These things are handed down a pet. I don't want to keep too many kittens around. So I from breeder to breeder when experienced breeders are placed him with the very first good home I could find. willing to share what they know. The kittens are now 13 weeks old and so far only one kitten has been placed. I am stumped about what to do. I Placement Issues want perfect homes for every kitten and I don't plan to keep A placement for one of our little boys, who we call anything from our first litter. So, I start by considering Vanilla, named after the rubber band collar around his neck, where I am. Green is placed and happy. Next there is Pink. fell through yesterday. I really liked this home. But, I am The little girl with the Pink collar is so homely and small. optimistic. I saved at least 20 emails from people I have She has been that way since the very first moment we saw written to over the past few months who might be interested. her. Her face is pancake flat with a really short nose. Ugly, Then I read them through again and remind myself that I ugly, and ugly, I think. And I am absolutely convinced she didn't like most of these homes to begin with. Still, a few is a pet. But, I also know that this is my first litter and I am rise to the top as possibilities: First, an architecture doctoral just not sure of what I am looking at. So I decide to bounce candidate and his son. I wonder if they can afford to really my placing problem off all of my friends. It really was take care of a Burmese the way we expect him to be cared unanimous, with and without pictures to look at, everyone for. Second, a couple in the Dakotas, a little too old and said the same thing. Don't be so fast to place an ugly little a little too far away, but we'll see. Then there is that female Burmese kitten with a flat, flat face! So we decide retired couple in Minneapolis who won't answer any of my to be brave and keep her and watch her and see how she questions. She knows who we are and maybe even where turns out. That leaves Vanilla and Blue. we live. And she keeps signing her emails "See you at your By this time my husband Mike and I begin to realize next cat show". Why does that last one worry me? So now that our sweet queen Phoebe, who we love so dearly, spends that Vanilla's placement has fallen through I am back where most of her time taking care of her kittens. She really I started, with a litter of four beautiful kittens, 12 weeks old isn't our pet right now, even though we treat her like one. and only one has been placed so far. And because Phoebe is so busy, we think we will need a A few days later, I heard back from our very first companion cat for Pink. We think we have plenty of room placement. We dropped our little boy with the green collar and that brings us back to Vanilla. He has been sitting in off with a lovely childless couple in Minneapolis a few days my lap every minute and following me everywhere. I am ago. The phone rang and I'll never forget what she said: still thinking he is a pet, but what a pet he is. So, I decide "You can't have him back and he doesn't miss you," in a to do just what I promised myself I wouldn't do: I keep two sweet, quiet voice. Instantly, I knew who it was and was kittens from our very first litter. filled with joy. Placing Green, who is now named Brownie, Finally, there is their brother Blue. And "out of the was easy. He is a boy, I will have nothing to breed him blue" a family from Tennessee calls me while they are back to for years, and therefore, he is either a Premier or vacationing in the Dakotas. And they are wonderful.
UBCF January 2009 Page 7 Adventures of a New Breeder
They stop by our home in Minnesota on their way back to with it. At first it was a gentle suggestion and finally not so Tennessee and take my little Blue home with them. His gentle. So there I was in the vet's office for a recheck after name is "Watson" now and he is a blessed little boy. He Imara's first week of flagyl. Her appetite had improved lives in Tennessee and Georgia in two homes with parents so much that my vet wanted to stop treatment. "Why and two Devon Rexes who love him. At least one of the continue?" she asked. I just didn't know what to tell her. I Devons loves him, anyway. His family sends me emails wanted to be able to give her a page to look up out of a drug and pictures all the time. So that is how it went for our first reference, or a medical article, to support my position. But litter, born on June 8th, 2008, two placed, two kept. And I I couldn't. Balancing breeder's 'advice based on experience' really hope we won't ever do it this way again. against my own medical training is something that I juggle Looking back on this now, 2 months later, so far every day. Sometimes the two things work together and little Pink is no pet. She is the roundest round cobbiest sometimes they compete, but I can't argue with success. little Traditional Burmese ball of fire. I can't wait And neither can my vet. The flagyl worked, thank you very to show her. We named her Imara, a Swahili word much. "We are losing our window of opportunity for the meaning "strong". Vanilla is now named Kimbia, kitten to grow", I said. And she handed me a prescription Swahili for "to run", and that is exactly what he does. for two more weeks of flagyl.
Small Kittens Can Have Problems Sexing Kittens When she was four months old, I finally asked my vet to Two weeks into litter number two we have a wonderful, start Imara on a course of flagyl. She was the tiny, homely vigorous litter of six beautiful kittens. I am determined not flat faced thing in a sea of big boys, the tiny shadow that to let the kitten-placing project go to the last minute this maybe was or wasn't a kitten when we checked our queen time around. I want them placed in nice homes as soon Phoebe's ultrasound. She had been completely stalled out as I can. I have put ads everywhere. I am taking a web on her weight for over a month. She had no symptoms, just design course and am planning a web site. But when the poor weight gain. Her brother Kimbia, was 2 lbs ahead of customers finally do appear they only want girls. There is her, and it was worrying me. a big litter here and I can't for the life of me figure out what For over a month, my friend Kristi had been telling sex they are. The first litter was easy, this one is keeping me to get this girl on a 3 week course of flagyl and get on it all to themselves. I can't sleep. I don't know if I have homes for my kittens or not. My customers must think I am an idiot. To begin with, getting a kitten from me is like a visit to the Gestapo. I know this. I want to know everything about them: who lives at home and how much time they spend at home, what they know about Burmese and a veterinarian reference too if I can get one. And after all this, I can't answer one simple question about my own kittens. I do not know what sex they are. I hope this makes you laugh. Someday I know we will laugh about it too. So here we are with six kittens and no deposits. At one point we imagine that we have six girls but I think it is just wishful thinking. The kitten's eyes open, right on schedule, and they have the sweetest little infant expressions. They toddle. Weight gains are good. Mike and I decide to take photographs and send them around to customers on our list. Since all the customers want girls, we have to tell all of them we don't know if we can help them or not, but we are hoping to keep our customers with us a week longer.
The Recession My vet has become a very dear friend through all of this. So far she has come to visit both of our litters of newborns Imara in the pillows, eight weeks old
Page 8 UBCF January 2009 continued
before her first breeding at nine months old and eight before she took at ten months old. The day I took Phoebe home Brian suggested I breed her to his lovely boy Lotsa, who lives only a little over an hour away from us. Lotsa is a beautiful boy and the pedigree combination makes sense to me. Phoebe and Lotsa have given us Imara and Kimbia and a total of ten beautiful kittens. They do make very nice babies together. But I worry. What if there are health problems in this combination? I may not know the answer to that for years. And what about all of those other beautiful Burmese boys out there? If I could only hold Phoebe off long enough, I would like to get her to another boy and try to bring a few other traits into our cattery so we can try to start a line. I appreciate that it is only a dream at this point. But I still hope I will find a way before we have to spay her. I don't know if Phoebe's daughter Imara will be big enough to breed. Right now it looks like she is catching up, but we'll see. I don't know how long I can hold Phoebe Watson, seven weeks old off of another breeding after having her first two litters so within a few hours of birth. She comes, not as a house call, close together. And I don't want to breed her like a factory but just to lay her eyes on these beautiful kittens she has so I may have to spay her anyway. My nice, neat, well been involved with since they were concepts. She cares. planned, life has gone to a decide-as-we-go existence. I Today we were talking about what my plans were for just plain don't know anything anymore and it began almost future breedings. She was asking who was going to be bred the minute we started talking about breeding. and if a boy was on the way. I want a boy of our own so I now have deposits on all six kittens in litter number two, badly and I have a number of Traditional Breeders to thank but these little ones are turning into a weaning nightmare. who were so kind and supportive and offered us lovely It began with vomiting and it looks like it may move on to boys. But now that we are ready for a boy, the country is diarrhea. I am up every 2-3 hours with Pedialyte and I am in a recession. And I am afraid I won't find the right homes not ashamed to say that I am really tired. for the kittens I currently have. Right now the issue that Meanwhile, somehow we caught a break this weekend. worries me the most isn't really a Burmese issue. I am most The baby kittens perked up and things kind of got quiet. In afraid of the economy. So after litter two I can honestly say fact, things quieted down enough this weekend for us to my next goal as a breeder is to make it to litter three. take Kimbia and Imara to their first show. I can not describe the feeling of bringing the first kittens you have ever bred Plans for the Future up to a show ring. Even better, they had a wonderful time Phoebe has her kittens so easily. I hear stories about showing just like their mom, Phoebe, did last year. All difficult litters everywhere and I know how blessed we are. things considered, I can't wait to do it all over again. She had her first litter of four in 38 minutes. She also had them right in our bed. I describe these sorts of mishaps to friends in terms of the number of trash bags it takes for me to clean up. Having four kittens in the bed is a two large trash bag event. Leaving four previously litter trained eight week old kittens alone in the bedroom for an hour is a four trash bag event - don't try it. Phoebe, bless her heart, cycles like a barn cat. As easily as she conceives and queens we always feel under some pressure and it just never stops. She started when she was six months old with a cute little two day baby heat, and it continued every two to three weeks with increasing intensity until she got pregnant. She had seven cycles Yellow from litter number two, six weeks old
UBCF January 2009 Page 9 Early Neurological Stimulation
Early Neurological Stimulation by Dr. Carmen L. Battaglia
Surprising as it may seem, it isn’t capacity that explains the differences that exist between individuals, because most seem to have far more capacity than they will ever use. The differences that exist between individuals seem to be related to something else. The ones who achieve and outperform others seem to have within themselves the ability to use hidden resources. In other words, it’s what they are able to do with what they have that makes the difference. In many animal breeding programs, the entire process of selection and management is founded on the belief that performance is inherited. Attempts to analyze the genetics of performance in a systematic way have involved some distinguished names such as Charles Darwin and Francis Galton. But it has only been in recent decades that good estimates of heritability of performance have been based on adequate data. Cunningham, (1991) in his study of horses, found that only by using Timeform data, and measuring groups of half-brothers and half-sisters could good estimates of performance be determined. His data shows that performance for speed is about 35% heritable. In other words, only about 35% of all the variation that is observed in track performance is controlled by heritable factors, the remaining 65% is attributable to other influences, such as training, management and nutrition. Cunningham’s work, while limited to horses, provides a good basis for understanding how much breeders can attribute to the genetics and the pedigrees. Researchers have studied these phenomena and have looked for new ways to stimulate individuals in order to improve their natural abilities. Some of the methods discovered have produced lifelong lasting effects. Today many of the differences between individuals can now be explained by the use of early stimulation methods.
Introduction
For centuries man has tried various methods to improve performance. Some of the methods have stood the test of time, others have not. Those who first conducted research on this topic believed that the period of early age was the most important time for stimulation because of its rapid growth and development. Today, we know that early life is a time when the physical immaturity of an organism is susceptible and responsive to a restricted, but important, class of stimuli. Because of its importance, many studies have focused on the first few months of life. TABLE 1.
EEaarrllyy NNeeuurroollooggiiccaall SSttiimmuullaattiioonn Immature pups: - can: suck,, crrawll,, smellll,, lliimiitted viisiion - can not: maiintaiin body heat or diigest food wiithout hellp - can not: shiiver, uriinate or defecate w/out sttiimullattiion ffrrom dam - have:: sub-norrmall body ttemperratturre,, ellevatted hearrtt beatt
Page 10 UBCF January 2009 by Dr. Carmen L. Battaglia
TABLE 2.
OOtthheerr IInnddiiccaattoorrss ooff iimmmmaattuurriittyy
Body temperatures : • 1 week = 96 -97 degrrees • 2 weeks = 97 -98 degrrees • 3 weeks = 98 -99 degrrees • 4 weeks = 100 degrrees
TABLE 3.
OOtthheerr IInnddiiccaattoorrss ooff iimmmmaattuurriittyy
• Hearrtt rratte att biirrtth = 200 beatts//miinuttes
• Body wtt.. doublles iin 7 -10 days
Newborn pups are uniquely different from adults in several respects. When born, their eyes are closed and their digestive system has a limited capacity, requiring periodic stimulation by their dam who routinely licks them in order to promote digestion. At this early age, they are only able to smell, suck, and crawl. Their body temperature is maintained by snuggling close to their mother or by crawling into piles with other littermates. TABLES 1, 2, and 3 highlight their functionality. During these first few weeks of immobility, researchers noted that immature and under-developed canines are sensitive to a restricted class of stimuli which includes thermal and tactile stimulation, motion and locomotion. Other mammals such as mice and rats are also born with similar limitations, and they also have been found to demonstrate a similar sensitivity to the effects of early stimulation. Studies show that removing them from their nest for three minutes each day during the first five to ten days of life causes body temperatures to fall below normal. This mild form of stress is sufficient to stimulate hormonal, adrenal and pituitary systems. When tested later as adults, these same animals were better able to withstand more stress than littermates who were not exposed to the same early stress exercises. And as adults, they responded to stress in “a graded” fashion, while their non-stressed littermates responded in an “all or nothing
UBCF January 2009 Page 11 Early Neurological Stimulation way.” Data involving laboratory mice and rats also shows that stress in small amounts can produce adults who respond maximally. On the other hand, the results gathered from non-stressed littermates show that they become easily exhausted and are near death if exposed to intense prolonged stress. When tied down so they were unable to move for twenty-four hours, rats developed severe stomach ulcers, but litter mates exposed to early stress handling were found to be more resistant to stress tests and did not show evidence of ulcers. A secondary affect was also noticed. Sexual maturity was attained sooner in the littermates given early stress exercises. When tested for differences in health and disease, the stressed animals were found to be more resistant to certain forms of cancer and infectious diseases and could withstand terminal starvation and exposure to cold for longer periods than their non-stressed littermates. Other studies involving early stimulation exercises have been successfully performed on both cats and dogs. In these studies, the Electrical Encephalogram (EEG) was found to be ideal for measuring the electrical activity in the brain because of its extreme sensitivity to changes in excitement, emotional stress, muscle tension, changes in oxygen and breathing. EEG measures show that pups and kittens, when given early stimulation exercises, mature at faster rates and perform better in certain problem-solving tests than non-stimulated mates. In the higher level animals, the effect of early stimulation exercises have also been studied. The use of surrogate mothers and familiar objects were tested by both of the Kelloggs and Dr. Yearkes using young chimpanzees. Their pioneer research shows that the more primates were deprived of stimulation and interaction during early development, the less able they were to cope, adjust and later adapt to situations as adults. While experiments have not yet produced specific information about the optimal amounts of stress needed to make young animals psychologically or physiologically superior, researchers agree that stress has value. What also is known is that a certain amount of stress for one may be too intense for another, and that too much stress can retard development. The results show that early stimulation exercises can have positive results, but must be used with caution. In other words, too much stress can cause pathological adversities rather than physical or psychological superiority.
Methods of Stimulation
The U.S. Military, in their canine program, developed a method that still serves as a guide to what works. In an effort to improve the performance of dogs used for military purposes, a program called “Bio Sensor” was developed. Later, it became known to the public as the “Super Dog” Program. Based on years of research, the military learned that early neurological stimulation exercises could have important and lasting effects. Their studies confirmed that there are specific time periods early in life when early neurological stimulation has optimum results. The time frame of an immature pup can be defined as between three and sixteen days of age. At this early age most pups can only suck, crawl, smell and have limited vision. They can not maintain their body temperature or digest food without help. They are unable to shiver, urinate or defecate without stimulation from their dam. Their body temperature is subnormal as seen in Table 4. Other indicators of immaturity include their heart rate, which at birth is 200 beats per minute. Early life is also a time when their body weight will double in 7 - 10 days.
TABLE 4. BODY TEMPERATURES
1 Week 96-97 degrees
2 Weeks 97 - 98 degrees
3 Weeks 98 - 99 degrees
4 Weeks 100 degrees
Page 12 UBCF January 2009 Continued
The first period involves a window of time that begins at the third day of life and lasts until the sixteenth day. It is believed that because this interval of time is a period of rapid neurological growth and development, it is of great importance to the individual. The “Bio Sensor” program was also concerned with early neurological stimulation in order to give the dog a superior advantage. Its development utilized six exercises which were designed to stimulate the neurological system. Each workout involved handling puppies once each day. The workouts required handling them one at a time while performing a series of five exercises. Listed in order of preference, the handler starts with one pup and stimulates it using each of the five exercises. The handler completes the series from beginning to end before starting with the next pup. The handling of each pup once per day involves the following exercises:
1. Tactical stimulation (between toes) 2. Head held erect 3. Head pointed down 4. Supine position 5. Thermal stimulation.
Tactile stimulation (Figures 1 - 5 are at end of article)
1. Tactile stimulation - holding the pup in one hand, the handler gently stimulates (tickles) the pup between the toes on any one foot using a Q-tip. It is not necessary to see that the pup is feeling the tickle. Time of stimulation 3 - 5 seconds. (Figure 1) 2. Head held erect - using both hands, the pup is held perpendicular to the ground, (straight up), so that its head is directly above its tail. This is an upwards position. Time of stimulation 3 - 5 seconds (Figure 2). 3. Head pointed down - holding the pup firmly with both hands the head is reversed and is pointed downward so that it is pointing towards the ground. Time of stimulation 3 - 5 seconds (Figure 3). 4. Supine position - hold the pup so that its back is resting in the palm of both hands with its muzzle facing the ceiling. The pup, while on its back, is allowed to sleep. Time of stimulation 3-5 seconds. (Figure 4) 5. Thermal stimulation-use a damp towel that has been cooled in a refrigerator for at least five minutes. Place the pup on the towel, feet down. Do not restrain it from moving. Time of stimulation 3-5 seconds. (Figure 5)
These five exercises will produce neurological stimulations, none of which naturally occur during this early period of life. Experience shows that sometimes pups will resist these exercises, others will appear unconcerned. In either case a caution is offered to those who plan to use them. DO NOT repeat them more than once per day and do not extend the time beyond that recommended for each exercise. Over stimulation of the neurological system can have adverse and detrimental results. These exercises impact the neurological system by kicking it into action earlier than would be normally expected, the result being an increased capacity that later will help to make the difference in its performance. Those who play with their pups and routinely handle them should continue to do so because the neurological exercises are not substitutions for routine handling, play socialization or bonding.
Benefits of Stimulation
Five benefits have been observed in canines that were exposed to the Bio Sensor stimulation exercises. The benefits noted were:
1. Improved cardio vascular performance (heart rate) 2. Stronger heart beats 3. Stronger adrenal glands 4. More tolerance to stress 5. Greater resistance to disease.
UBCF January 2009 Page 13 Early Neurological Stimulation
In tests of learning, stimulated pups were found to animals would foster young animals, or accept one from be more active and were more exploratory than their non- another species. They observed that, with the higher level stimulated littermates over which they were dominant in animals, it is easiest done by hand rearing. When the foster competitive situations. animal transfers its social relationships to the new species, Secondary effects were also noted regarding test researchers conclude that socialization has taken place. Most performance. In simple problem solving tests using detours researchers agree that among all species, a lack of adequate in a maze, the non-stimulated pups became extremely socialization generally results in unacceptable behavior and agitated, aroused, whined a great deal, and made many often times produces undesirable aggression, excessiveness, errors. Their stimulated littermates were less disturbed fearfulness, sexual inadequacy and indifference toward or upset by test conditions, and when comparisons were partners. made, the stimulated littermates were more calm in the test Socialization studies confirm that one of the critical environment, made fewer errors and gave only an occasional periods for humans (infant) to be stimulated is generally distress sound when stressed. between three weeks and twelve months of age. For canines the period is shorter, between the fourth and sixteenth Socialization weeks of age. The lack of adequate social stimulation, such as handling, mothering and contact with others, adversely As each animal grows and develops, three kinds of affects social and psychological development in both humans stimulation have been identified that impact and influence and animals. In humans, the absence of love and cuddling how it will develop and be shaped as an individual. The increases the risk of an aloof, distant, asocial or sociopathic first stage is called early neurological stimulation and the individual. Over-mothering also has its detrimental effects second stage is called socialization. The first two (early by preventing sufficient exposure to other individuals and neurological stimulation and socialization) have in common situations that have an important influence on growth and a window of limited time. When Lorenz, (1935) first wrote development. It occurs when a parent insulates the child about the importance of the stimulation process, he wrote from outside contacts or keeps the apron strings tight, about imprinting during early life and its influence on the thus limiting opportunities to explore and interact with later development of the individual. He states that it was the outside world. In the end, over-mothering generally different from conditioning in that it occurred early in life produces a dependent, socially maladjusted and sometimes and took place very rapidly producing results which seemed emotionally disturbed individual. to be permanent. One of the first, and perhaps the most Protected youngsters who grow up in an insulated noted research effort involving the larger animals, was environment often become sickly, despondent, lacking in achieved by Kellogg & Kellogg (1933). As a student of flexibility and unable to make simple social adjustments. Dr. Kellogg’s, I found him and his wife to have an uncanny Generally, they are unable to function productively or to interest in children and young animals and the changes and interact successfully when they become adults. the differences that occurred during early development. Owners who have busy life styles with long and Their history-making study involved raising their own tiring work and social schedules often cause pets to be newborn child with a newborn primate. Both infants were neglected. Left to themselves with only an occasional trip raised together as if they were twins. This study, like out of the house or off of the property, they seldom see others that followed, attempted to demonstrate that among other canines or strangers and generally suffer from poor the mammals, there are great differences in their rate of stimulation and socialization. For many, the side effects physical and mental development. Some are born relatively of loneliness and boredom set-in. The resulting behavior mature and are quickly capable of motion and locomotion, manifests itself in the form of chewing, digging, and hard- while others are very immature, immobile and slow to to-control behavior (Battaglia). develop. For example, the Rhesus monkey shows rapid and It seems clear that small amounts of stress followed precocious development at birth, while the chimpanzee and by early socialization can produce beneficial results. The the other “great apes” take much longer. Last and slowest danger seems to be in not knowing where the thresholds is the human infant. are for over and under stimulation. Many improperly One of the earliest efforts to investigate and look socialized youngsters develop into older individuals for the existence of socialization in canines was undertaken unprepared for adult life, unable to cope with its challenges, by Scott-Fuller (1965). In their early studies, they were and interactions. Attempts to re-socialize them as adults able to demonstrate that the basic technique for testing the have only produced small gains. These failures confirm the existence of socialization was to show how readily adult notion that the window of time open for early neurological
Page 14 UBCF January 2009 Continued and social stimulation only comes once. After it passes, little be fearful of unfamiliar objects and generally preferred to or nothing can be done to overcome the negative effects of withdraw rather than investigate. Even well-bred pups of too much or too little stimulation. superior pedigrees would not explore or leave their kennels, The third and final stage in the process of growth and many were found difficult to train as adults. In many and development is called enrichment. Unlike the first respects these pups were similar to the deprived children. two stages, it has no time limit, and by comparison, covers They acted as if they had become institutionalized, a very long period of time. Enrichment is a term which preferring the routine and safe environment of their kennel has come to mean the positive sum of experiences which to the stimulating world outside their immediate place of have a cumulative effect upon the individual. Enrichment residence. experiences typically involve exposure to a wide variety of Regular trips to the park, shopping centers and interesting, novel, and exciting experiences with regular obedience and agility classes serve as good examples of opportunities to freely investigate, manipulate, and interact enrichment activities. On the surface, chasing and retrieving with them. When measured in later life, the results show a ball seems to be enriching because it provides exercise that those reared in an enriched environment tend to be more and includes rewards. While repeated attempts to retrieve inquisitive and are more able to perform difficult tasks. The a ball provide much physical activity, it should not be educational TV program called “Sesame Street” is perhaps confused with enrichment exercises. Such playful activities the best known example of a children’s enrichment program. should be used for exercise and play or as a reward after The results show that when tested, children who regularly returning from a trip or training session. Road work and watched this program performed better than playmates who chasing balls are not substitutes for trips to the shopping did not. Follow-up studies show that those who regularly mall, outings or obedience classes, most of which provide watch “Sesame Street” tend to seek a college education and many opportunities for interaction and investigation. when enrolled, perform better than playmates who were not Finally, it seems clear that stress early in life regular watchers of the “Sesame Street” program. can produce beneficial results. The danger seems to There are numerous children’s studies that show the be in not knowing where the thresholds are for over and benefits of enrichment techniques and programs. Most focus under stimulation. The absence or the lack of adequate on improving self-esteem and self-talk. Follow-up studies amounts of stimulation generally will produce negative show that the enriched “Sesame Street” students, when and undesirable results. Based on the above, it is fair later tested, were brighter and scored above average, and to say that the performance of most individuals can be most often were found to be the products of environments improved, including the techniques described above. Each that contributed to their superior test scores. On the other contributes in a cumulative way and supports the next stage hand, those whose test scores were generally below average of development. (labeled as dull) and the products of underprivileged or non- enriched environments, often had little or only small Conclusion amounts of stimulation during early childhood and only minimal amounts of enrichment during their developmental Breeders can now take advantage of the information and formative years. Many were characterized as children available to improve and enhance performance. Generally, who grew up with little interaction with others, poor genetics account for about 35% of the performance, but parenting, few toys, no books and a steady diet of TV soap the remaining 65% (management, training, nutrition) can operas. make the difference. In the management category, it has A similar analogy can be found among canines. All been shown that breeders should be guided by the rule that the time they are growing they are learning because their it is generally considered prudent to guard against under nervous systems are developing and storing information that and over stimulation. Instead of ignoring pups during their may be of inestimable use at a later date. Studies by Scott first two months of life, a conservative approach would be and Fuller confirm that non-enriched pups, when given free to expose them to children, people, toys and other animals choice, preferred to stay in their kennels. Other litter mates on a regular basis. Handling and touching all parts of their who were given only small amounts of outside stimulation anatomy is also a necessary part of their learning which between five and eight weeks of age were found to be very can be started as early as the third day of life. Pups that inquisitive and very active. When kennel doors were left are handled early and on a regular basis generally do not open, the enriched pups would come bounding out, while become hand-shy as adults. littermates who were not exposed to enrichment would Because of the risks involved in under-stimulation, remain behind. The non-stimulated pups would typically a conservative approach to using the benefits of the three
UBCF January 2009 Page 15 Early Neurological Stimulation stages has been suggested based primarily on the works of Arskeusky, Kellogg, Yearkes and the “Bio Sensor” program (later known as the “Super Dog Program”).
Both experience and research have proven the beneficial effects that can be achieved via early neurological stimulation, socialization and enrichment experiences. Each has been used to improve performance and to explain the differences that occur between individuals, their trainability, health and potential. The cumulative effects of the three stages have been well documented. They best serve the interests of owners who seek high levels of performance when properly used. Each has a cumulative effect and contributes to the development and the potential for individual performance.
References:
1. Battaglia, C.L., 1982. Loneliness and Boredom. In: Doberman Quarterly. 2. Gazzano, A. et al., Effects of early gentling and early environment on emotional development of puppies, Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. (2007), doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2007.05.007 3. Kellogg, W.N. & Kellogg, E,. The Ape and the Child, New York: McGraw Hill. 4. Scott, J.P., Fuller., 1965. Dog Behavior -The Genetic Basics, University Chicago Press. 5. Scott, J.P., Ross, S., A.E. and King D.K., 1959. The Effects of Early Enforced Weaning Behavior of Puppies. In: J. Genetics Psychologist, 5, 261-81.
Early Stimulation Exercises
Figure # 1 Tactical stimulation Figure # 2 Head held erect
Page 16 UBCF January 2009 Concluded
Figure # 3 Head pointed down Figure # 4 Figure Supine position
Figure # 5 Thermal stimulation
We’re grateful to Dr. Carmen L. Battaglia for allowing us to publish this January 2008 article on Early Neurological Stimulation.
Although written about puppies, this article has important information and techniques that can be applied to raising healthy Burmese kittens.
Thanks also to Nina Pearlmutter for obtaining this article for the UBCF Newsletter.
UBCF January 2009 Page 17 Pet Contracts
example meant to show you how contract clauses can be put together. Feel free to use any of the language found in Pet Contracts this example except our names and the name of our cattery.
by Contract Law Principles
Nina Pearlmutter There are some principles of law that everyone should Nori Cattery keep in mind when drafting a pet contract. First, animals are considered property (goods) under The following article is meant as a guide for drafting the law and pet contracts are governed under the laws for pet sale contracts. Because laws vary from state to state, the sale of property, not under divorce or child custody I cannot provide a general contract to cover all situations. laws. Emotional values do not play a role in a dispute over If you have questions regarding the subject matter below, the sale of a kitten. (However, this is changing in some please consult an attorney in your state who is familiar states and the emotional state of the human owner may be with contract law and/or sales of animals or birds. considered by a court for damages.) Second, sale of property is governed by state law, not Selling kittens is a difficult and emotional process for federal law, and the laws of the state (or commonwealth in anyone who loves and raises them. It would be nice if one the case of MA, PA, KY or VA) in which the contract was never had to let go of any litter member but circumstances made will govern the dispute. This is important and I will being what they are, we can only keep so many kittens refer to it again below. before our household becomes impossible to manage. Most Third, once a contract is written and executed (signed breeders work hard to raise healthy kittens and want them by both parties) any additional oral promises are not to go to a home where they will be loved and cared for. usually enforceable. In other words, if you want to insist Pet contracts are used for many purposes. First, out of on something, do it in writing before both parties sign. concern for the welfare of a cat or kitten, breeders may use Fourth, it is possible to draft a provision of a contract a pet contract to stipulate how the animal is to be kept and that will not hold up under the law. This can negate the treated. Second, out of protection for themselves, breeders whole contract as unenforceable (void). I will address this often give certain guarantees with limitations such as time, further in the specifics of writing contracts. so that they are legally covered if they are unfairly blamed Fifth, parties to a contract must be competent. They for anything that goes wrong. must be willing and capable of making a decision for A pet contract involves sale of a living being. This can themselves (of legal age and not insane, drunk or drugged). lead to special circumstances in the event of a problem. Unlike cars, pictures, etc., a new exact replica cannot be State Law manufactured and a high emotional value often attaches to the animal, not just by the new owner, but by the breeder as If both parties, buyer and seller, reside in the same well. We all want a pet kitten to go to a new home and live state, that state's laws will generally govern interpretation happily ever after having a long duration of life. Yet, we all of a contract. If the parties come from different states, know that this does not always happen. circumstances may dictate which state's laws will govern. Below, I have compiled information about contract law These circumstances can include where the contract was and contracts in an effort to help breeders understand the made, where the parties reside, or whether you advertised elements of a contract, especially as it regards the sale of nationally. If you advertised on the web, for example, that animals. Please keep in mind that laws and regulations are can be considered national advertising and a new owner regularly reviewed by legislators and change frequently. can argue that you came to his/her state to sell kittens; Today, we are lucky in that most states post their statutes therefore, the laws of his/her state should govern. This is and regulations on the internet where they are updated and why I cannot draft a pet sale contract that I could guarantee available for all to see. This makes it easy to find out what would be legally effective throughout the United States (or is required of breeders of animals and birds and it is your in other countries). responsibility to review these on a regular basis. With any contract, it is always important to look down At the end of this article, I have included a pet contract the road to the worst case scenario; i.e., how would a court that I regularly use when selling kittens. This is just one of law interpret the contract and the parties subsequent actions under that contract. 99.9% of contracts never go Page 18 UBCF January 2009 by Nina Pearlmutter that far, but that is the point of view from which you should interpretation by a court. You can help define specifically write one. what you and the buyer understand it to be by spelling it With that in mind, you should always check your state's out in the contract. Believe it or not, in 2005, a New York statutes and regulations. Be especially mindful of the court found that a "teacup" Maltese who was three pounds definitions of entities. Sale of goods is generally covered above the breed's upper weight limit fell into the category under the UCC (Uniform Commercial Code) adopted by of defective goods. So if the kitten is supposed to be a most states but can also be affected by the state's lemon Burmese, you might want to specify that it is one according laws as well. In addition, many states have now adopted to the pedigree and qualified for registration in at least laws that cover the sale of pets. There are at least seventeen one national cat association. Later, if a buyer comes back states that have buyer protection laws or regulations in place and says the kitten has green eyes and Burmese have gold for sales of animals. Most of them regulate pet shops, and eyes, you can point to the fact that CFA or TICA registers breeders don't usually come under this category. However, a Burmese with green eyes and only considers it a fault for some states regulate pet dealers as well and breeders will showing, not a disqualification as a Burmese. be included in this class. An express warranty is normally a standard guarantee Even if you are not in a category regulated by your from the seller that specifies the extent to which the state, try to follow the regulations for a pet shop if there quality or performance of the goods is assured and often are any. Why? Because it shows that you are trying to states the conditions under which the product can be follow state guidelines for the sale of healthy animals even returned, replaced, or repaired (This is often part of the if you are not required to. For example, New Hampshire health guarantee of a contract). It is specific and written. law prohibits pet shops from selling puppies and kittens However, a warranty can also arise by operation of law under eight weeks of age. If you lived in New Hampshire, based upon the seller's description of the goods. you should follow this law even though a breeder does not An implied warranty is a guarantee about the quality come under the definition of a NH pet shop. In fact, since of goods or services that is not written down or explicitly reputable breeders would never sell a puppy or kitten so spoken. Virtually everything you buy comes with two young, you could use the law as an argument for those pet implied warranties. One for "merchantability" and one buyers who insist they want a very young kitten so it will for "fitness." The implied warranty of merchantability is "imprint" on them. (We've all heard that one!). an assurance that a new item will work for its specified purpose. The item only has to work adequately, not Essential parts of a contract perfectly, and, if you use it for something it wasn't designed for, say trimming shrubs with an electric carving knife, the There is some essential information required to establish warranty doesn't apply. The implied warranty of fitness a valid agreement. This is: applies when you buy an item for a specific purpose. If the buyer notified the seller of specific needs, the item is 1. The name and address of both parties, the seller guaranteed to meet them. For example, if you buy new and the buyer tires for your bicycle after telling the seller that you plan 2. An identifying description of the cat/kitten (goods) to use them for off-road travel and the tires puncture when 3. The purchase price 4. The date of sale (important for the time period by which an action may be brought to a court)
Important parts of a contract
There are also some clauses (paragraphs) that are very important although omitting them won't invalidate an agreement. These should be included in a pet contract.
Warranties A warranty provides that the goods (cat/kitten) you sell are fit for their ordinary purpose (in this case, asa companion animal). What constitutes "ordinary purpose" New Nori Babies in the case of a companion animal is unclear and up to UBCF January 2009 Page 19 Pet Contracts
in a court (forum) within the state the seller resides. For example, you live in Massachusetts and sell a kitten to someone from Montana. They are not happy with the kitten and file an action for reimbursement in Montana. You may have to have a Montana attorney file a motion for dismissal based on your forum clause, but that is less expensive and inconvenient than having to go to Montana to argue your side in a court where the Judge or Magistrate will be predisposed towards a Montana resident. Sample: Buyer and Seller agree that this Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of (name of state) and any disputes will be brought in mediation or in a court of the State of (name of state).
you pass over a small rock, the tires don't conform to the Closing statements and signature section warranty of fitness. Implied warranties can be difficult to apply to pets but you can imagine situations where they A closing and signature section should mention that the may. Listen carefully to the buyer when they describe what parties intend to be legally bound by the agreement and they want the kitten to be and what kind of a situation it will often include a statement that all future modifications will encounter. be in writing. This clause is often called a merger To help cover yourself against a warranty action, you and integration clause. The purpose of a merger and can limit warranties to what is written in your contract. An integration clause is to prevent the parties to a contract from example of such language is given below: later claiming that the contract does not reflect their entire Sample: The Seller neither makes or implies any understanding, and/or it was changed by a subsequent oral warranties or guarantees, express or implied, other than agreement, or is not consistent with prior agreements: those written in the agreement including, without limitation, Sample: This document constitutes the entire agreement the warranties of merchantability and fitness. between the Seller and Buyer with respect to this sale. The Buyer's signature below indicates that he/she has read, Severability clauses agrees and understands all the conditions of the Sales A big word. All it means is that if you require Agreement and Contract of Sale. This agreement may not something in your contract that is not enforceable under be altered, modified or rescinded unless agreed to in writing law, the remainder of the contract will not be invalidated. by Buyer and Seller. The purpose is to make sure that the intent of the parties is carried out even if one or more clauses are found to be Ambiguities contrary to law. Sample: Should any part of this Agreement be rendered A good contract is short, direct and to the point. Don't or declared invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, add a lot of explanation and be careful not to address the such invalidation of such part or portion of this Agreement same point in different sections with different language. If should not invalidate the remaining portions thereof, and there are two clauses addressing the same point and they they shall remain in full force and effect. disagree with each other, you are leaving it up to a judge or mediator to determine which one applies. Read through Choice of law/ specific forum clauses contracts carefully before you use them. The choice of law clause specifies that the law which applies to any disputes and interpretation of the contract is What else to put in a pet contract? the law of a specific state. Normally, this is the state in which the seller resides. The clause is especially important Determine what is important to you and what you expect if the buyer is from out of state or contacted you through of the buyer. Don't ask for the moon and stars. Remember the internet. As a seller, you do not normally know what that legally, this is a sale of goods and requiring certain the buyer's state requires of a seller. This type of clause treatments and subsequent ownership activity may not be can also specify that any disputes that arise will be settled enforceable. There are some standard pet contracts on
Page 20 UBCF January 2009 Continued the web and it is worth looking at them to see what others You can put in a clause that says it comes back to you, consider important to a contract. but don't expect it to be enforceable under all circumstances. For instance, a buyer may not be able to care for a cat after What a seller might want to guarantee: a divorce or illness so he or she gives it to a relative in another state. As long as the cat is cared for, you probably 1. To provide a registration certificate have no legal remedy. 2 To provide an accurate pedigree 3. To provide information of immunizations and What do you want the Buyer to guarantee? medical procedures done prior to the cat/kitten transfer to a new home 1. To spay or neuter the cat/kitten and not attempt to breed it It is a good idea to include the vaccination, worming, and any treatment records that are relevant within the body 2. To take the cat/kitten to a qualified vet within a of the contract or as an addendum to the contract (specify certain time period or for certain immunizations in the contract that the addendum is attached). Do not misrepresent the health of the animal. Many states have 3. Not to declaw civil or criminal penalties for sellers that intentionally or knowingly misrepresent an animal's health or fitness. 4. Never to transfer or sell the animal to a pet shop or shelter 4. Health or limitations thereof 5. Never to allow the cat/kitten outside the home What are you willing to warranty (guarantee) about the (except for trips to the vet) kitten. If it is health, for how long? Physical, congenital or genetic? Do you want the buyer to take it to the vet? 6. If the buyer is not paying the entire purchase price Then specify this and when it should be done. You can do upfront, stipulate when the balance is to be paid this by writing into the contract that it should be taken to and that any due and owing balance remaining after a qualified vet within 'X" days of the effective date of the that day is subject to XX monthly percentage rate. contract, or by specifying that there is no health guarantee (Look at your credit card statements for language after "X" days. that is ironclad.) Keep in mind that you must comply with any state laws regarding health. Are you required by state law to take it If you want the buyer to make certain guarantees, write to the vet (NH requires this and providing a vet certificate specific clauses for each one. within 5 days of sale). Are you required to guarantee its health by law? If so, these specifics should be written Conclusion into the sales contract. For example, under NH pet shop law, you should specify that the buyer has been provided A contract is a legal instrument showing that two or more with a health certificate within the time specified under parties have come to an agreement about something that can NH statutes XXX (specify what they are). If there is any be defined and covered under law (in this case it is the sale dispute in the future, this written documentation goes a of goods). Remember that, while contracts are enforceable, long way supporting any argument to a court that you sold there can be monetary and time-consuming difficulties in a healthy animal. accomplishing this. Further, the remedies may not be what you want. I have a philosophy that says you should not 5. Temperament? make written contracts with anyone you don't think you can trust to follow the agreement on a handshake alone. Money You may want to specify that the cat/kitten is tame is little compensation for a kitten has died at the hands of and sociable at the time of sale. If you are not willing to an unscrupulous person. guarantee it, don't put it in the contract. Nina Pearlmutter 6. What happens if the buyer can no longer care for Nori Cattery the cat? (Sample contract is on next page)
UBCF January 2009 Page 21 Pet Contract Sample
declawing is a cruel and painful operation and that the cat YOUR CATTERY NAME will not be declawed. Your registry (CFA, TICA, and/or . . .) Your Name 8. The Purchaser understands and agrees that on any Your Address subsequent transfer of ownership of the cat by sale or gift Telephone - Email or otherwise, the Purchaser shall notify the Seller and shall ensure that the new owner agrees to comply with the terms SALES CONTRACT of this agreement. Under no circumstances will this cat be sold, leased, or given to any pet shop or animal shelter by 1. The Purchaser agrees to buy from the Seller Purchaser or any assignee of ownership. the following cat upon the terms and conditions of this agreement: 9. This agreement shall be binding on the Parties (a) Breed ______to this agreement and their respective heirs, executors, (b) Color ______administrators, successors and assigns; and the term (c) Sex ______"Purchaser" as it appears herein shall include any subsequent (d) Date of Birth ______owners of the cat.
2. The purchaser shall pay to the Seller the sum of 10. This agreement shall be interpreted under the laws $______for the cat. of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and any litigation under this agreement shall be resolved in the trial courts of 3. The Seller and the Purchaser acknowledge and Middlesex County, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. agree that the cat is being purchased solely as a pet. The Seller neither makes or implies any warranties or 4. The Purchaser agrees not to breed or clone the guarantees, express or implied, other than those written in cat, or reproduce the cat in any manner and that it will be the agreement including, without limitation, the warranties neutered or spayed by a qualified and licensed veterinarian. of merchantability and fitness. This document constitutes the entire agreement between the Breeder and Buyer with 5. The Seller agrees to provide to the Purchaser CFA respect to this sale. The Buyer's signature below indicates registration papers and the cat's pedigree (complete to four that he/she has read, agrees and does understands all the generations) upon the receipt by the Seller of written proof conditions of the Sales Agreement and Contract of Sale. that the cat has been neutered or spayed. Date: ______6. The Seller guarantees that the cat is in good health at the time of sale, and is from a FeLV-free and FTLV-free Seller's Signature ______household. Should the cat become ill within 10 days (3 days if Purchaser has other cats), the Seller agrees at the Purchaser's Signature ______Seller's option, to either pay for veterinary care (at the Purchaser's Address ______ongoing average MA veterinarian rate), accept the return Purchaser's Tel/Email ______of the cat with a refund less $70 for retesting the FeLV and FTLV status and veterinary examination, or accept Vaccinations and dates given: ______the return of the cat back for a cure. Should the cat die within twelve (12) months from the date of birth as a direct Comments: ______result of an unknown (at the time of purchase) inherited or congenital defect, or due to parasites or pathogens under All kittens should be given Rabies vaccine at 4-6 months the conditions described above in this paragraph, said cat of age, even if they are kept indoors. will be replaced with one of comparable value only if an appropriate autopsy is performed by a qualified and licensed This breeder does not recommend FIP vaccine. veterinarian, and veterinarian certificate is provided as proof of cause of death. It is now recommended that all cats, including indoor cats, be given heartworm preventative medication. 7. The Purchaser understands and agrees that
Page 22 UBCF January 2009 The Birthing Kit by Suzanne Berrin
sable, yet I came home with a champagne girl. The kitten was promptly named Suzette, a version of my own name The Birthing Kit for my beloved new daughter. To say this kitten stole my heart cannot begin to describe my feelings for her. Suzette -- or -- became my companion; off we went to do errands, get haircuts, or meet friends for lunch. I quickly learned to prefer outdoor dining where Suzette was quietly secreted How I became fascinated when I saw a in her upscale green carrier with cognac leather trim. She Burmese cat on HGTV, adopted one a mere became such a well known fixture that when I walked into three days later, was certain she was “The a shop to pick up a repair the salesperson asked, where is your kitten today? I knew instinctively this kitten was Most Beautiful Cat Ever”, negotiated with special; I knew she was incredibly beautiful and I KNEW her breeder to show and breed her - and I could not spay her without allowing her to produce more spent the next 11 years of my life raising kittens just like her. And so it began...... Burmese kittens. Suzette's first litter was due in March 26, 1998. Birthing preparations began two weeks before Suzette's due date. I had a large walk-in closet with new off-white carpet. I by lined it with layers of towels and had a birthing box and Suzanne Berrin blankets, paper towels, wash cloths, food scale, and a Bon Marche Cattery notebook to record births. I took Suzette for an xray and the vet said to expect three - or four at the most - kittens. Good enough, we were ready! At 5:30 a.m. on the big In 1997 I completed furnishing our new two-story home day, Suzette went into labor. My husband decided to be the in San Diego's North County. This task had taken me more mid-wife and got right in the closet and delivered four nice than two years to complete since I had previously lived in sized babies. By 7 a.m. the kits were nestled with mom and a much smaller house. The search for furniture to fill the nursing away. Off went Ken to his office, quite pleased seemingly cavernous space was a long and exciting one. with his newfound husbandry skills. I enjoyed it so much that I later opened an antique store Weary from all the excitement, I put my head on the in order to pursue my interest in and respect for beautiful pillow to get some more sleep. And then did an angel tap furniture, glass, porcelain and other treasures. Once the my shoulder? I jumped up and said to myself, go check quest ended and rugs, drapes, lamps and beds adorned the on Suzette before you fall asleep. Into the closet I went rooms, life settled down considerably. No more rushing and saw, much to my shock, a tiny tail coming out of you- off on Saturday mornings to estate sales, lighting stores, know-where. WHAT? A tail? After a few contractions, antique and consignment galleries, and other misnomers the tail stayed in place, and no other body parts appeared! for preowned furniture and objets d'art. With no children to occupy my time, I knew I now needed something more to fill house and heart. The thought of a dog tracking mud onto those freshly polished floors and jumping on the newly covered sofas dismayed me. I finally decided I would forego my beloved boxer breed and adopt a smaller dog - a golden cocker spaniel like I had as a child. Soon I found a local breeder, but could not visit my newborn puppy for a seemingly endless ten weeks. Meanwhile I was wandering through the house one afternoon and glanced at the television and saw a cat - so poised, so regal, so elegant, and graciously posed on a pedestal. My heart raced (as it previously had for a luscious antique table) and I caught the word, Burmese. Whew! What a cat! Not being known as a person who postpones her wants, I quickly found two local breeders and arranged Bon Marche Soubrette’s Babies appointments to see kittens. My goal was to adopt a male
UBCF January 2009 Page 23 The Birthing Kit
be helped by having a BIRTHING KIT on hand to prepare for this event. The following is a basic kit, and as you gain experience and develop your own techniques, you will add your own favorite items to have on hand. Best of luck in raising beautiful, healthy Burmese kittens!
SUZANNE’S BIRTHING KIT
DISPOSABLE UNDERPAD
Make 3 or 4 layers of them; change as needed after each kitten is born and you’ll have a clean one underneath. After the birth is over, continue to use them until the kittens’ nails begin tearing them up. Then change to soft, clean receiving blankets (and clip kittens’ nails) Bon Marche Blue Kitten DIGITAL THERMOMETER Nervously I phoned Suzette's breeder to apprise her of the situation. She told me in no uncertain terms, Suzanne, you And K-Y Jelly, to take mom’s temperature if needed. need to get that kitten delivered! Mmmmmmmm, I was We use thermometer covers for cleanliness. These are not too sure just how to accomplish the birth of a tail, but purchased at any drugstores and called “probe covers”. not going to give up either! More and more contractions and then one tiny foot and leg appeared. Good Lord, that SMALL FOOD SCALE leg was tiny! What to do now? I stayed with Suzette for another half hour and finally somehow, Moi Phantome Weigh each kitten after the cord is cut and twice a day popped out - the whole kitten! But, uh oh --- his head for two weeks. Record weights (by date and time) in a dangled off to one side without moving. Was it broken? notebook. Newborns should gain five to ten grams a day He could not nurse with his littermates because his head and double their birth weight in seven days. was hanging. I couldn't dare lose the first kitten I had ever delivered. ALCOHOL Pulling on some jeans over my pajama bottoms, I threw on a sweatshirt, wrapped my tiny kitten in a washcloth - and Use to clean scissors or hemostats. Alcohol prep pads raced to the vet, blowing my warm breath on the little guy are also good to have on hand. during the short drive. The vet kept him warm and fed him by bottle all day. When we picked him up that night, we PEROXIDE were told if we wanted to try to save him we had to bottle feed every two hours round the clock! The vet gave us a Use to remove blood stains. small bottle and box of milk supplement. We managed to stay up all night by taking shifts, often bumping into walls DISPOSABLE LATEX GLOVES (and each other) while preparing the bottle. Two days later the little head was upright and after much encouragement Great to have for a breech birth. on my part, "My Shadow" was nursing away, and we were the giddily proud new parents of five healthy, hearty WASHCLOTHS champagne kittens. And , of course, that began our breeding career. Needed to grasp kitten during a breech birth. Bringing new lives into the world is a moving experience. There has been a huge amount of joy and also heartache EAR BULB + SYRINGES associated with breeding cats. It has brought me immense happiness and I hope those who are thinking of doing it will Used to suction fluid out of newborn’s throat.
Page 24 UBCF January 2009 Continued
DENTAL FLOSS TRASH CAN LINERS FOR YOUR WASTEBASKET
Used to tie off cords is mom doesn’t do it, or a hemostat You will need to dispose of any bloody paper items - this is an instrument (purchased at a vet supply) which related to the birth. clamps the cord and prevents bleeding. Once the cord is clamped, you can cut it with scissors. SPACE HEATER
SMALL SCISSORS Kittens must be kept very warm the first week or two. The birthing room should be at least 85 degrees for the first Or curved nail scissors, use to cut cords if mom doesn’t four days. A heat lamp with a red heat bulb can also be do it. helpful if you are in a colder climate. Be sure it is properly secured to cage with clips and does not get too close to JUST BORN mom or kittens, as the heat is intense.
This is a liquid milk replacement, if needed. #5 French HEATING PAD: THE SUNBEAM MODEL feeding tube in case kitten(s) must be tube-fed. Canned goat milk for mom - this is extra rich and helps mom keep This heating pad (available at Walmart) is made weight on through the weeks of nursing. We use canned from felt which will not burn a kitten. This should be goat milk for kittens if we have to tube-feed them. underneath the birthing box with a thin blanket over it for the first month. We use these heat pads during cold winter CURVED MONOJET FEEDING SYRINGE nights for older cats too.
Purchased online at www.revivalanimal.com or other vet or medical supply places. Cut the tip of the syringe Editor’s note: to regulate the amount of food that will come out. You can syringe feed mom Prescription Diet A/D (purchased Careful supervision and caution should always be through your vet) or Gerber’s baby food if she won’t leave used with electric heaters and pads to prevent fire risk the nest to eat. or overheating kittens.
Q-TIPS
Always have on hand for minor cleanups, cleaning ears, eyes, etc.
OXYTOCIN
Purchased from vet and used only with your vet’s supervision. Three to four 3CC syrines and 25 gauge needles.
THERMA-CARE
A non-electric heat pack that provides eight hours of warmth and can’t burm mom or kittens. There are also other types of “handwarmers”. Be sure nothing will burn the kittens.
2 BOXES OF BABY-WIPES
You will need these for clean up! Bon Marche Champagne Kitten
UBCF January 2009 Page 25 Breeding Philosophies
a breeding program, because it means that any outcross Breeding Philosophies brought in will have less impact on the appearance of the kittens produced. Who of us hasn't struggled with trying to by create kittens that duplicate our visual ideal? Trial and error breedings can be frustrating and produce a large quantity of Donna Stewart, DVM pet quality kittens. Brenwood Cattery How do we get one of these valuable animals? The There is much debate among breeders about the simple answer is that you MAKE one. Let's look into the advantages and disadvantages of line breeding. While makeup of a prepotent animal. Any characteristic which out crossing can increase genetic diversity, it can also add is genetic based can be determined by either parent or the yet another genetic deficiency into a breeding program. gene combination of both parents. We tend to think of most With knowledge of the genetic weaknesses within a line, traits as simple dominant-recessive inheritance. Since we careful line breeding can set type in a breeding program have not determined the inheritance of most characteristics, and increase the odds of producing show quality kittens. A we will stay with the example of dominant-recessive breeder can rely on knowledge rather than luck to create inheritance. kittens she desires and reduce the number of cats necessary to maintain a breeding program. When a trait is the result of recessive genes, then to assure that all offspring will inherit that trait, both parents Prepotency is a desirable trait in a breeding program, need to possess both recessive genes. If one parent has because it increases the odds of producing kittens of a that characteristic, and the other parent does not carry the desirable look. The term prepotency refers to the ability of recessive gene, then the trait will not be expressed. If an individual to produce offspring characteristic of himself. the other parent carries the recessive gene masked by the We see this in the distinct look of a line of cats. Prepotent dominant gene, then statistically half of the offspring will cats are not common. Many show winners, including express the trait, and the other half will merely be carriers COTY, lack the ability to produce similar kittens or even of that trait. dissimilar kittens who do well in the show ring. Having prepotency in one or more breeding animals simplifies What if a parent carries the dominant gene in a homozygous pattern? This means that the cat has inherited the dominant gene from both parents. Then all offspring will express the trait no matter what the other parent's genetic makeup is. If a cat carries paired dominant genes for many, many traits, then he is likely to produce kittens that resemble him a great deal. This is prepotency - the ability of a cat to reproduce himself in a great majority of offspring. The more prepotent this individual is, i.e. the more paired genes he has, the more uniform his offspring will be in appearance.
If the desire is to have cats that resemble each other based on recessive inheritance, then it is actually easier. For the trait to be expressed, the cat must have paired genes for the recessive trait, so a breeding program can be successful by using only cats that express the trait. Using a cat that only carries the recessive trait but expresses the dominant trait will only produce some (theoretically half) offspring that the breeder seeks. CH Brenwood Grace, DM For a breeder to produce an animal that is highly Photo by Chanan
Page 26 UBCF January 2009 by Donna Stewart, DVM prepotent, then it is necessary to linebreed (or if the term great deal of genetic diversity. Each breeder has a different fits you better, inbreed) in order to double up on genes for vision and works with a different subpopulation of the desirable traits. With successive generations, the offspring breed. Thus each one emphasizes different traits and has will become more homozygous for the traits you are tolerance for certain traits that another may abhor. I think it selecting for if too many outcrosses are not added in too is common that as time goes on in a breeding program and quickly, and the breeder keeps his vision intact. additional genetic challenges are presented to the breeder, both undesirable and desirable traits become prioritized. The breeding together of closely related individuals can My advice to a new breeder is that if the trait produced pair up the genes for both desirable and undesirable traits. It in the early litters is very undesirable, then it is better to can be used to identify and eliminate negative traits as well eliminate it in the beginning. If not, the trait will continue to as to enhance positive traits within a breeding population. plague the breeder in successive generations. The difficult Breeders rarely do the former. A negative trait inherited as decision about whether to spay/neuter a questionable cat is a recessive may lurk in a breeding population indefinitely then repeated over and over again. with carriers unidentified or more commonly with carriers ignored. All of us are hopeful that the research of Dr. Leslie Lyons will soon lead to a test to identify carriers of the A common breeding philosophy is to never breed Burmese craniofacial defect. Once the test is available together animals with the same fault or weakness. This to us, then our true dedication to the breed will be tested. method will work against making the undesirable trait Removing all carriers will decimate the breed as evidenced homozygous. Having a population of breeding animals by the history of other breeds who dealt with genetically who are homozygous for an undesirable trait will make it identifiable lethal diseases. The first detrimental effect is impossible to eliminate the trait, and an outcross along with the shrinking of the gene pool for the breed. This can lead stringent culling will be necessary. to a loss of vigor for the entire breed. The second common result is the emergence of yet another genetic disease that The introduction of outcrosses will theoretically add is in the remaining population. The second disease may vigor to the population; however, it also carries the risk of have as much or more detrimental effect on the breed as introducing yet another genetic problem for the breeder to the original problem. It is best to proceed in a calculated deal with. It is not enough to select for positive traits. A way to produce a population of cats as genetically diverse breeder should also be selecting against negative traits. The as possible with a declining incidence of carriers. This is introduction of a large number of outcross animals at the most easily done by breeding a carrier to a non-carrier and same time or in rapid succession will lead to a heterozygous selecting for non-carrier offspring by testing. It can not population of cats and increase the difficulty of consistently likely be done in one generation if we are to preserve the producing cats with the appearance sought by the breeder. unique qualities of the breed. By dedication to the goal of The cats will tend to be heterozygous for too many traits to eliminating the craniofacial defect without giving up type, be prepotent. we can over time eliminate it first from lines and then from the breed. At the same time it is necessary to be vigilant We are lucky to now have the wonderful NABB for other lethal genetic diseases such as hypertrophic database to study pedigrees of cats we are breeding or wish cardiomyopathy. This is especially challenging since HCM to introduce into our breeding programs. I suggest that is not likely to be evidenced until the carriers have been an outcross cat be brought up on the database and at least used repeatedly in a breeding program. We must be willing seven generations be identified. Often a cat may discover to share information if Burmese are to be restored to their to be more inbred than previously thought. The linebreed former glory. Proving to the cat fancy in general, and to cat is likely to have more of an influence on your overall judges in particular, that we are dedicated to eliminating breeding program than the average cat, and selection for this gene will give us the respect we have lost. It is the type and health are more critical. future of the breed at stake.
Breeding programs tend to produce linebred cats; Donna Stewart however, within an entire breed population, there may be a Brenwood Cattery
UBCF January 2009 Page 27 FIP Research Announcement
passing on this genetic predisposition, because they contribute more greatly to breed genetics by producing more litters and more offspring than females. However, the disease and its susceptibility is not sex-linked, and queens also affect predisposition.
FIP - the study The nature of the genetic resistance and susceptibility to FIP is not known. Although FIP susceptibility Feline Infectious Peritonitis could be due to a single gene effect, susceptibility and resistance to FIP is more likely associated with defects (FIP) Project in several genes (i.e., a complex genetic trait). We feel University of California, Davis that the time is both here and right to undertake whole genome scanning on cats to identify potential genetic School of Veterinary Medicine markers that influence a significant proportion of cats dying of FIP. The technology exists or will shortly exist to do such a study, but it will require DNA Sock It To FIP! samples from cats that appear to be either inordinately A new research project is being launched by the resistant or susceptible to FIP. UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine to discover the genetic causes of feline infectious peritonitis Who can participate? (FIP). Burmese and Birman breeders are strongly We have chosen the Burmese and Birman breeds encouraged to participate, however, all cats and to study FIP heritability factors. However, we breeds are welcome. welcome DNA samples from any cats associated with FIP, pure or random bred. The Burmese and Birman FIP - the disease populations are sufficiently large, some bloodlines Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is the most within these breeds have been strongly associated with important infectious cause of death among cats FIP, and Burmese and Birman breeders have proven between 3 months and 3-5 years of age. Once FIP to work well with institutions, groups, and individuals becomes clinically manifested, it is inevitably fatal. to research other genetic traits. We are asking all FIP is particularly devastating in cats from shelter and Burmese and Birman breeders to participate, but pure breed cattery environments. The infection in especially those that have bloodlines that they shelters is greatly enhanced by environmental factors, know to be either seemingly resistant or susceptible such as overcrowding and inappropriate sanitation. to FIP. FIP is caused by genetic mutations within feline enteric Comparing two closely related but distinct breeds coronavirus (FECV). will also add power to the research study. The genes that are responsible for FIP in one breed are FIP - the genetics undoubtedly the same as the genes involved in FIP in FIP among cattery-reared cats is also influenced the other. by some of the same environmental factors as found in shelters, but about 50% or more of the incidence What is required to participate? appears to be genetically related. The disease occurs A genetic association study will be performed that in all breeds, but is particularly prevalent within certain requires DNA samples from cases & controls. bloodlines within breeds. Breeders have become Cases are cats that have FIP! We must collect well acquainted with the strong tendency of FIP cats DNA from from all Burmese and Birmans dying of the to occur among closely related cats and to be closely disease. Controls are cats without FIP that have a associated with certain matings. similar genetic make-up and environment as cats Toms have been particularly implicated in with FIP. Good controls for each FIP case would be
Page 28 UBCF January 2009 Leslie A. Lyons, PhD & Neils C. Pedersen, DVM, PhD unaffected siblings and parents. When possible, we breeders and even between breeders and owners that would like at least one control for FIP cases, preferably have acquired cats as pets. Many participants will both parents and a sibling, but will accept cases with have to do some sleuthing, make contacts from the no controls past, and arrange or instruct on how samples may be We also want samples from healthy cats who are collected and submitted. This will be a great scientific five years and older who have no known history of adventure with great potential pay-off. FIP in their lines. DNA can either be collected as FIP cases appear, What is the pay-off? with the hope of getting the right controls, or DNA can The goal is to identify cats that possess either be banked on all cats before FIP is apparent. Then, genetic resistance or susceptibility markers for FIP, if a cat develops FIP, the opportunity to obtain DNA so that FIP can be more readily managed and perhaps from the cases and the appropriate controls is not lost. will no longer be the major infectious cause of death of our younger cats. Breeders have reached similar goals How do I submit samples? for a number of genetic diseases, such as progressive DNA samples are easily obtained from cheek swabs retinal atrophies, hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, and using commonly obtained cotton swabs, such as Q-tips polycystic kidney disease. Please join us in this latest (instructions are found on the sockfip.org website). endeavor to assure the health of our cats through The swabs are mailed along with information on the genetic knowledge and application. particular cat, disease status of siblings, half-siblings parents, grandparents, etc., and pedigree information. The FIP status must be accurate! For more information please contact:
FIP - the diagnosis [email protected] Collection of accurate information will require time Subject Line: Sock FIP and expenses. The diagnosis of FIP must be accurate, and this may require veterinary visits, testing, and even Burmese breeders can also contact necropsies. Histories that include breed, gender, age Nancy Reeves at [email protected] and clinical signs are very important, as are data from complete blood counts, globulin levels, blood chemistry panels, coronavirus antibody titers, abdominal and chest fluid analyses, and serum protein electrophoreses (on cats with high protein). Fortunately, we can help interpret histories and test results when necessary, instructing your veterinarian on how to do a fast necropsy and on how to send appropriate tissues for confirmatory testing (at no cost to the veterinarians or the breeders). We will also examine necropsy reports made by your veterinarian or a veterinary pathologist, and if distance permits, to see cats at UCDavis. Different genetic factors may control wet versus dry FIP; thus, we must also know the form.
Confidentiality www.sockfip.org FIP carries a stigma for many breeders and therefore animals and samples will be given new codes and privacy and secrecy maintained. However, the obtaining of samples will require cooperation between Logos designed by Claudia Sanchez
UBCF January 2009 Page 29 The Russian Burmese Story
Burmese Cats: The Russian Story
by Olesya Kolosova BeautyBurm Cattery
This article is for everyone who is breeding Burmese or simply loves them. Hi there. My name is Olesya. I have been breeding Burmese traditional lines in Russia since 2001. Russia and America are so very different: languages, Hilltown’s Martin of Aldis mentalities, geography; there is an ocean in between... brought to Russia from Europe. All of them were used Yet, there is one thing definitely in common - our beloved in cross-breeding with Martin. That's why initially the Burmese. They conquer our hearts and bring us closer Russian Burmese had mixed lines - American (both T- regardless the distance. And I hope this story will help us and C-lines) and European. These mixed lines have been get to know each other a bit better and that you will learn dominating for quite a considerable period of time. Often something interesting and new. I believe it is very important they had intermediate and unstable type: some kittens had to share information, knowledge, and our experiences. European traits, others American of both T- and C-lines. I would like to share the Russian experience of However, despite the lack of stability within the breed, the development and formation of the Burmese, and our first Burmese of the Russian origin were successful at WCF achievements. It has been a very long way for us to go. and TICA shows. They did not participate in CFA due to Hopefully I will not bore you with this reading. I would the fact that some of their ancestors were of red and tortie be happy of at least one reader will say: "WOW! I did colors. learn something new!" That would mean my mission is You might be surprised to hear that. Well, I do agree that completed. So, here we go. the start of the Burmese in Russia was a bit unusual and Burmese are very new to Russia. The 1st female, Lady probably not quite right. I don't want to go into analyzing Nikata de la Callas of Aldis, was brought over from Holland and judging. It is more important to give you all the facts. in 1996. Two years later, in 1998, Lady Nikata met her Russian breeders had been unaware of the differences partner Hilltown’s Martin of Aldis who was sent from the between types. The Burmese used to be considered as a American cattery Hilltown. Lady Nikata and Martin are single breed with neither sub-types nor lines. Unfortunately, the founders of the Burmese in Russia we had very little information about the breed. And Over the next years there were a few more Burmese even today we are experiencing the same problem; our knowledge is limited to a very few sources available. That is why it is crucial for the Russian breeders to share the information, especially through online resources. Now, back to my story. How I met the Burmese. My first acquaintance with them happened in 1999 online. I came across a picture of the Burmese cat. My great interest led me to one of the cat shows in Moscow where I went to get to know this unusual breed better. Back then, the Burmese were rare guests at the shows and mostly of red and tortie colors. I was very excited and could not wait to see them. And all my expectations were right; I fell in love with the Burmese Lady Nikata de la Callas of Aldis there and then. To me they looked like very exquisite and
Page 30 UBCF January 2009 BY OLESYA KOLOSOVA impeccable piece of jewelry. The hypnotizing power of their golden eyes, graceful and yet strong body with satin fur - all worked magic; it was love at first sight. And as soon as I touched a kitten, I realized it was MY breed and I simply had to have this miracle. But just like many other Russian breeders I was completely unaware about the differences in types. I just knew it was a breed of special rare beauty. It turned out to be difficult to get a Burmese kitten. I dreamed of the sable color but only reds and torti es were available. I was told to queue for my dream cat for at least a year. Well, I was ready to wait and in the meantime I decided to do some research. Internet was the best available destination. I learned a lot and fell for them even deeper. When I browsed the websites of the American catteries I realized that I definitely wanted the American Burmese. I Olesya Kolosova (BeautyBurm) would surf those pages and pictures over and over again, Sergey Kochetkov (Optimus) Natalya Gnatyuk (LyuboBurm) feeling frustrated that my dream was so far away. I wrote to a few catteries introducing myself and asking The very first one I received from Barbara was beautiful to sell a kitten. Some simply refused to sell to Russia, but Laki`s Chyna. It was a female of Champagne color. My most of my letters received no reply at all. This situation family could not resist her charm. She arrived pregnant and was very upsetting; I really could not understand the a month later delivered 3 beautiful sable male kittens; we reasons for refusal. Maybe lack of trust? No matter what kept one. Then two more cats came from Barbara - mature I was determined and kept on writing letters giving as sable male Laki`s Jack-O-Lantern and mature platinum much information about the Russian breeders as possible female Breadiburm`s Raine of Laki. Even though Jack was and confirming our qualifications and experience. My not a show cat, he was an extremely good stud-male. aspiration was to introduce to Russia this American beauty Chyna, Raine and Jack were the foundation of the that I loved so much and admired. BeautyBurm cattery. That is when the formation and My persistence and hard work eventually paid off. One development of the American T-lines started in Russia. of the breeders replied agreeing to sell her kittens. Her name It has been a difficult task to accomplish and for quite is Barbara Kish (Laki cattery). I am extremely grateful some time I have been the only T-line breeder in Russia. to Barbara for all her great help, support and friendship. The mixed lines breeders were a bit apprehensive and Thanks to Barbara I built my own cattery that brought to negative towards my work. I was criticized for not giving Russia the first T-lines. All the kittens I have bred from my kittens to mixed lines catteries. Of course I made some Barbara's cats were extremely beautiful and friendly with mistakes and I admit that. Experience comes with work very good temper. and practice. And I appreciate all the lessons I learnt; every obstacle I overcame helped me develop my expertise. Through my work I met great people that became not only my partners but also very good friends of mine. Together we work on development of the traditional Burmese in Russia. Our united efforts helped us breed a good number of new lines from the beautiful cats sent to us from the American catteries. It is essential for our common goal. Today there are 3 traditional Burmese catteries in Russia (BeautyBurm cattery, Lyuboburm cattery and Optimus cattery) and 1 in Belarus (Burmix cattery). Also, we have Laki’s Chyna established good relationships with traditional catteries in
UBCF January 2009 Page 31 The Russian Burmese Story
importance of communication between us and the American breeders. My personal story proves how vital it is to disregard the existing preconceptions and share our experiences and collaborate. Today we desperately need to replenish and refresh our lines, which can be done only with the help of the American and Canadian catteries. We also need your knowledge and expertise. I would like to ensure you that the Burmese in Russia receive the best treatment: super- and premium-class food, high quality vet control, and most importantly all our love and care. There is nothing to worry about when you send your cats to Russia. Of course, just like everywhere there some cases Optimus Barselona of BeautyBurm of negligent breeding but we do our utmost to guarantee the USA and Canada. our cats are kept away from it. We are very serious about our breeding work. Currently I hope you learnt something new about the breeding we do not really sell kittens for breeding; and in those rare in Russia and this article brought us a bit closer. And the cases when we do sell, our buyers are people we trust. It is traditional Burmese will be well preserved and maintained, a big responsibility for us as there is still a big number of and get more and more popular around the world. breeders that continue mixing Traditional, Contemporary and European lines. We monitor them to make sure our kittens go only to T-lines catteries. We promote traditional American Burmese in Russia through cat shows, presentations and monobreed rings; also we produce different printed promo materials. Our cats have won at numerous WCF shows and were in finals at CFA and TICA. One of the Russian TV channels has produced a documentary about our work; it is currently in the post-production and going to be released very shortly. I am very pleased to acknowledge our great success in T-lines development in Russia. Every new generation proves that we are on the right track and our Burmese type is getting better and better. Today we have very strong and BeautyBurm’s Tyson and Chester competitive representatives of the T-line. I am especially I would like to express my special thank you to all my happy and proud to be the 1st Russian breeder that American friends and all American breeders, who believed introduced these amazing cats. in us and entrusted to us their beautiful cats. I learnt a lot I would like to thank all my friends and colleagues that through our collaboration: Barbara Kish (Laki), Joanne joined me in my work. We have one vision and common and Dennis Wheeler (Starstrutter). Brian Tripp (Evita, goals, share ideas and interests; it all greatly contributes to Prudence Dorazio (Mouse Islands), Suzanne Kuttnauer the success of our breeding work. Berrin (Bon Marche), Bob Gleason (Hullabaloo), Shirley Our mission is to preserve and promote traditional Storey (Stagelight), RoseAnn Wheeler (Bear Country) Burmese in Russia. We aim not only at breeding healthy and beautiful offspring but also at improving this type of Also I would like to thank all my Russian friends and Burmese. We hope that the number of like-minded people partners, who put all their efforts into our T-lines breeding and traditional catteries in Russia will be growing. Also and promotional work: Marina Ivanitskaya (BeautyBurm), we hope that the cat shows schedule will include more of Natalya Gnatyuk (LyuboBurm - and who translated this Burmese monobreed rings. article into English), Sergey Kochetkov (Optimus) Finally, I would like to emphasize once more the
Page 32 UBCF January 2009 Judging in Moscow, Russia
Judging at the 20th Anniversary IFC Felis Show in Moscow, Russia November 2008 by Bob Gleason Hullabaloo Cattery
During my visit to Russia in May 2008 where I judged shows in Ekaterinburg and Moscow, I had the good fortune to meet with Olesya Kolosova and Marina Ivanitskaya of BeautyBurm cattery. It was a real pleasure to meet such Bob Gleason judging a champagne Burmese passionate Traditional Burmese Breeders half a world the North American format. away. Olesya and Marina have a good understanding of I landed in Moscow and after a day of sightseeing and English, and since this was my third trip to Russia I had getting over the jet lag from a ten hour flight and eight picked a little bit of Russian. We spent about three hours hours of time difference, it was show time. Arriving at looking at pictures and discussing the breed we love. They the showhall, I was surprised to see a building that looked were so thankful to Barb Kish and Shirley Storey for being vaguely familiar from my past. After a couple of inquires such wonderful mentors, for sharing their lines, and helping I discovered the building the show was being held in them establish relationships with other T Burmese breeders. had been the USSR pavilion at the 1967 World's Fair in At the end of our visit together they asked me if I would be Montreal - which I had attended as a young teenager. After interested in coming back in November to judge for their Montreal's exhibition ended the building was dismantled Moscow club, and to judge a special Burmese only ring. I transported back to Moscow and reconstructed at the All said I would and left hoping the invitation would happen. Russian Exhibition Centre. Life can be strange. A couple of days after returning to Canada, I received On the first day of the show I was scheduled to judge an official invitation to judge the twentieth anniversary Siberians, Burmese and HHPs using the European style show for IFC Felis, in November. The show would be held of judging; followed by a special Burmese ring North under the rules of the World Cat Federation (WCF), with American style. Not to get into all the intricacies of their the intention of me judging a special Burmese ring using judging systems, most associations and clubs throughout the world use a completely different system than that used in North America. Essentially each cat is only judged by one judge, (there were 5 other judges at this show) who writes a critique on the entry's attributes with respect to the standard, then makes the determination if the cat has met its standard closely enough to warrant receiving its title. Judging is usually done while sitting with each entry being brought to the judging table one by one in a pre-determined sequence. After judging more Siberians in one day than I have in my judging career, I finally got to the Burmese. If my past European judging experience was an indication I would likely see North American (NA) Traditional, Contemporary, European and all combinations of the three competing. In Olesya Kolosova, Bob Gleason CCA we have separate standards for NA Burmese and and Marina Ivanitskaya Foreign (European) Burmese so my inclination when
UBCF January 2009 Page 33 Judging in Moscow Concluded
think I was the only person in the show hall not wearing a winter jacket. While I had already handled and assessed most of the entries, there were a couple of entries that were only entered in this ring that I had not seen earlier. I knew there would be good things to say about every cat, so I took the time to describe each cat and point out the attributes the breeders should look for when judging their own cats, for suitability in their breeding programs. Fortunately the club had provided a translator to make sure the breeders understood what I was saying. judging for clubs that do not separate the breeds is to use the NA standard unless the cat in front of me is clearly European. What a great experience, one after another the Burms kept coming. As I look back at the notes I made while judging I wrote many VG notations (Very Good, my highest compliment) on head type, boning, colour and coat texture. The show hall had wonderful light, while alternating between diffused sun and cloud it was great for judging a breed that looks its best in natural light. All the entries were easy to handle and very responsive to my toys and teasers, and most would sit on my table and watch as I completed my assessment of them on their report card. Like earlier with the Siberians, when I finished the breed, I picked the Best Adult Male, Best Adult Female, Best Neuter/Spay, Best Kitten (3 to 6 months), Best Junior (7 to 9 months). These would be my nominations for Best in Show to be held at the end of Judging on Sunday. Around 5:00 PM it was time for the special North American style judging ring where I would be judging all the Burmese entered against each other for Top Five Final Bob Gleason and Olesya Kolosova placements. As the sun settled in the west, the show hall Unfortunately time did not permit me to present a with its all glass exterior went from cold to very cold. I Burmese seminar that I had prepared, however I did cover many of the points as I judged the cats. I hope the breeders found the printed material I handed out helpful. I was presented sixteen really good Burmese, any of which I would be glad to have in my breeding program. My top five were the elite of a very good class. I congratulate the North American breeders who have shared their lines, as well as the efforts of the Russian breeders to perpetuate Traditional Burmese in Europe. I would like to thank Olesya, Marina and the IFC Felis Club for giving me this wonderful opportunity. I also thank the Burmese breeders from Russia and Belarus who brought their cats for me to judge.
Page 34 UBCF January 2009 8 Pound Burm Provides Love
Eight-pound Burmese provides love during struggle with cancer by Ruth Gesmer Silverman
I’m here to tell you that chemo and radiation aren’t the only ways to fight cancer. One recent visitor to my room proved me correct. I didn’t know whether he’d remember me after having had no contact since late March. He arrived in a carrier, peering out at this strange place. Soft sounds came from inside. He’s a Burmese cat, weighs about eight pounds on a heavy day, and he promptly took command of the situation, of me and of all the furniture, just as he does at the cattery with newly weaned kittens. I told his breeders, with whom he now lives, that I had no expectations, but my fears were quickly put to rest. After a preliminary sniff, he rubbed against everything, “marking” it all with the scent glands on the side of his head. This chemo will work until he comes again to visit me at the nursing/rehab center. All couches, chairs and wooden furniture hold Gadi’s scent. He saved me for last, hopping onto my lap, smashing his face against mine and stuffing his ears into my mouth. All was back to what passes for normal in our world. When I shifted from a wheelchair to my bed, so did Gadi, walking up my legs and chest and lying down on my chest. I had no desire to nap, no need to look for something to occupy time. He did what others are discovering, he just loved for the sake of loving. Some people here have dogs in their rooms. Others have friends or family members bring pets for visits. Friends of mine have brought their dogs, but cats are a bit rare. I shared some water with him and his breeders shared news about his sister. Sooki was at their home with another kitty who needed hydration and meds due to kidney problems. What I didn’t notice was how quickly time passed. After two hours, they had to leave, with promises to return. This time, I’ll have a sign ready for the door. It will urge visitors to enter with caution. They will have to pass inspection by the Burmese cat-in-command.
Ruth, who lived in Buffalo Grove, Illinois, learned in March 2007 that her breast cancer, originally diagnosed in 2002, had spread to her bones. Her column about living with the disease appeared every other week in Health & Fitness. Gadi remained the angel he always was until Ruth passed on December 10, 2008. He gave Ruth comfort as no other animal or human could. He laid by her side with his head resting on her. The last few weeks he stayed at the Hospice full time -- no other animal was permitted full time, but his devotion to her was noted by friends and medical personnel as well. Ruth could feel his soft warm fur and gentle purr until the end. The moment after she passed he got up and left the room and waited until we took him back to our home. Gadi now lives with his breeders Katherine and Dee at Crazybay, running the house. At the funeral Ruth’s friends came up and asked if they could have visting rights to see Gadi, they had never liked cats before but were taken with his devotion and kindness to Ruth and to all visitors, whom he greeted when they came to visit her. So he now holds court to his fan club at least once a month. Deanne Lucek and Katherine Tenerowicz
UBCF January 2009 Page 35 UBCF Member Show Success
Hullabaloo Pawmela Anderson CCA 14th Best All Canadian Kitten 2nd Best Burmese Kitten B/O: Bob and Elaine Gleason
QGC RW KatzNjazz Kenny Burrell TICA Second Best Burmese B/O: Kathryn Amann
Hullabaloo Reese Whiskerspoon CNW CCA 3rd Best All Canadian Kitten Best Burmese Kitten B/O: Bob and Elaine Gleason
RW KatzNjazz Satin Doll TICA Best Burmese Kitten B/O: Kathryn Amann
Starstrutter Midnight Jazz of QTKTZ TICA 3rd best alter B: Joanne/Dennis Wheeler, O: Denise Funk
Page 36 UBCF January 2009 2007-2008 Show Season
(no photo) RW SGCA Vindouro Martellato II of Ringapurr TICA 2nd best alter, 7th Best Alter in the GL Region B: Denise Hall, O: Nancy K Schuman
GC BW RW At’s A Burm Sicily of Bear Country CFA Best Dilute Burmese B: Barb and Russ Reimer, O: Rose Wheeler
These are some of the UBCF Member’s Cats who achieved show success in the 2007 - 2008 show season GP RW Bear Country Emily of De Bears CFA Best Dilute Burmese Premier Congratulations to the cats B: Rose Wheeler, O: Rose and Tim Wheeler and and their owners! Art and Kristi Graafmans
SGC Laki’s Camellia TICA Third Best Burmese B: Barbara Kish, O: Åsa Broing
GC RW De Bears Maya CFA Best Sable Burmese Kitten B/O: Art and Kristi Graafmans
UBCF January 2009 Page 37 UBCF Members Kitten Tips
What are the most important tips • Get in the habit of marking all vaccine due dates on your calendar immediately after kittens are born. you’d like to share about raising • I think the most important thing is raising them Burmese kittens? underfoot in the house with lots of handling and activity and exposed to all the noise in the house. Mine are raised with 3 young kids and lots of activity • The cornerstones of raising kittens for me include and taken to bed as soon as they are old enough. I also weighing twice daily to detect a problem before the feed them a raw diet which I think helps them get off kitten becomes too ill, keeping the kittens warm, and to a healthy start. keeping the kittens well hydrated. These things are more important than tube feeding. Too many people • I was recently introduced to a newer product called think kittens are hypoglycemic and need feeding when Aunt Jeni's Home Made Frozen Raw Pet Food and I they are chilled. A chilled kitten should never be fed. think this is one of the best raw commercial diets on The lack of peristalsis can kill a kitten. the market. I have tried others, this is the freshest and the cats like it better. Jeni is an animal nutritionalist so • Buy an inexpensive battery run food scale. For about she should know what she is doing. $25 at Walmart you can get a scale that weighs in either ounces or grams. I weigh newborns and young Editor's note: if new to you, the following tips should kittens in grams. It helps to "catch" a kitten that may only be tried under the guidance and/or with the help of be having problems if the kitten isn't consistently an experienced breeder or your veterinarian. gaining weight each day. • My tip is to not be afraid to tube feed a kitten. I just • Add a little goat milk to the wet food to nursing finally this year tube fed my first kitten and it was so queens for calcium. Goat milk can be available at much easier than I thought. I was always scared to do your local, regular grocery store. it because I didn't want the kitten to aspirate on the milk. I actually enjoyed doing it and became so close • If a new mom doesn't immediately get the hang of with the kitten that I had to tube feed. If we can list helping new babies go to the bathroom, try putting a simple instruction of how to tube feed and also the a tiny bit of butter on their bottoms. It definitely equipment needed to tube feed and the best kitten milk encourages mom to start licking. replacer. I am sure that most breeders already know how to do this but it is important information to some • Cow teat infusion cannula are excellent to put on the new breeders (another editor's note: we'll address this end of syringes to feed kittens with. You can buy them in a future newsletter!) online. They are individually packed and sterile, and can be sterilized after use to feed a baby kitten again, • Years ago, a breeder taught me that if tiny kittens (a in a bowl with a couple of drops of chlorox. I got couple of weeks to a 6 weeks) are struggling with them first from a wildlife rehabilitator who used them upper respiratory it is okay to give them a couple of on baby possums. I have used them for years to give drops of long lasting penicillin from a syringe just as wormers, feed small kittens past the tubing stage, and you would inject a large cat in the neck. I have saved to give liquid medicines. countless kittens by doing this over the years. Most people are afraid to inject a small kitten due to their • If you use any cages, hang hammocks using bungee tiny size when this sort of problem does occur. I think cords. Cats and kittens 6 weeks+ love hammocks. of it as I would a person's hospital care when critically ill people are given massive doses of antibiotics in • Keep containers of unscented baby diaper wipes in order to survive what might be a fatal illness. If strategic locations. They are great for so many things; necessary, do the extreme to save the kitten. I have like cleaning the inside of ears, wiping medication also given weakling kittens a drop of antibiotic in drips, wiping eyes, cleaning little paws and bottoms. their mouth per day, and some have made remarkable turnarounds.
Page 38 UBCF January 2009 Kitten Kandids!
UBCF January 2009 Page 39 Next Issue & How to Join UBCF
Planned for the Next UBCF Newsletter:
Cattery Husbandry
Possible articles may include: • To Cage or Not to Cage - What’s Best for You and Your Cats • Cleaners and Disinfectants - Comparisons, Benefits and Risks • Animal Control - How to Avoid and What to Do If They Call • Odor Neutralizers -- Which Works and Why • Litters - Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Types • General Tips for Good Husbandry Practices
The Mission of the United Burmese Cat Fanciers is:
• To create and develop interest and knowledge of the Burmese cat, and in the care, health and breeding thereof. • To seek to establish markets for the breed. • To cultivate acquaintanceship among members. • To promote and advance in every way possible the interest of owners, breeders, and exhibitors of Burmese cats. • To determine standards of the Burmese cat. • To maintain, develop, and publish information concerning the breed.
If you would like more information about UBCF, or to become a member, please contact:
United Burmese Cat Fanciers, Inc. [email protected] c/o Prudence Dorazio, Secretary 40 Morgan Point www.united-burmese.org Noank, CT 06340 U.S.A.
UBCF NEWSLETTER Volume II Issue 1 UBCF OFFICERS January 2009 © 2009 President Willa Rogers-Hawke Editor: Nancy L. Reeves Vice President Jo Diamond Art Direction & Printing: Art Graafmans Secretary Prudence Dorazio Treasurer Art Graafmans Contributors: Newsletter Editor Nancy L. Reeves Carmen S. Battaglia Olesya Kolosova Suzanne Berrin Leslie A. Lyons REGIONAL DIRECTORS Bob Gleason Nina Pearlmutter Willa Rogers-Hawke Niels C. Pedersen Regions 1&2 Margaret Stevens Lauri Henry Ruth Silverman Region 3 Lynette Massow Michael Henry UBCF Members Region 4 Deanne Lucek Deanne Lucek Katherine Tenerowicz Region 5 Jenny Nelson Region 6 Nina Pearlmutter Cover Photo Credits: Region 7 Barbara Kish © Chanan, Paraskeva, L. Johnson, and Region 8 Shirley Storey various Russian photographers Region 9&10 Bob Gleason
Page 40 UBCF January 2009