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Union Des Comores ﺟﻤﮭﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﻘﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﺤﺪة وﺣﺪة - ﺗﻀﺎﻣﻦ- ﺗﻨﻤﯿﺔ UNION DES COMORES Unité – Solidarité – Développement -------------- واﻟﺘﻀﺎﻣﻦ واﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ وزارة اﻟﺼﺤﺔ -------------- وﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻟﺠﻨﺲ Ministère de la Santé, de la Solidarité, de la Protection Sociale et de la Promotion du Genre -------------- --------------- اﻷﻣﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺎم UNITE DE GESTION PROJET DE FILETS SOCIAUX DE SECURITE (PFSS) -------- PROJET DE FILETS SOCIAUX DE SECURITE Projet N° P150754 Accords de Financement Financement N° D0320-KM Financement additionnel N° CADRE DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE Octobre 2019 TABLE DES MATIERES 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 2 DESCRIPTION DU PROJET ....................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1 Concept du projet ......................................................................................................................................................... 17 2.1.1 Composantes du Projet ................................................................................................................................................. 18 2.2 Mécanisme d’exécution des sous projets ..................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.1 Type de sous-projets. ..................................................................................................................................................... 20 2.2.2 Eligibilité des sous projets ............................................................................................................................................ 20 2.2.3 Processus d’identification des sous-projets .................................................................................................................. 22 2.2.4 Exécution des sous-projets ............................................................................................................................................ 22 2.2.5 Zones d’intervention/Localisation du Projet ................................................................................................................. 23 2.2.6 Bénéficiaires du Projet: ................................................................................................................................................ 23 2.3 Montage Institutionnel, Gestion et Pilotage ................................................................................................................. 23 2.3.1 Organe d’exécution du PFSS ........................................................................................................................................ 23 2.3.2 Contexte ........................................................................................................................................................................ 24 2.3.3 Arrangement institutionnel ............................................................................................................................................ 24 3 CONTEXTE ENVIRONNEMENTAL, SOCIAL ET SOCIO-ECONOMIQUE DES COMORES ................................................ 26 3.1 Description géographique ............................................................................................................................................. 26 3.2 Ile Grande Comore ........................................................................................................................................................ 27 3.2.1 Situation géographique ................................................................................................................................................. 27 3.2.2 Milieu physique ............................................................................................................................................................. 28 3.2.3 Milieu biologique .......................................................................................................................................................... 29 3.2.4 Démographie ................................................................................................................................................................. 29 3.2.5 Education ...................................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.6 Santé publique ............................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.7 Economie régionale ...................................................................................................................................................... 30 3.2.8 Infrastructures ............................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2.9 Energie .......................................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.3 Ile Anjouan .................................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.3.1 Description biophysique ................................................................................................................................................ 32 3.3.2 Flore et végétation ........................................................................................................................................................ 33 3.3.3 Diversité faunistique ..................................................................................................................................................... 35 3.3.4 Démographie ................................................................................................................................................................. 35 3.3.5 Education ...................................................................................................................................................................... 35 3.3.6 Agriculture .................................................................................................................................................................... 36 3.3.7 Pêche ............................................................................................................................................................................. 37 3.3.8 Accès au crédit .............................................................................................................................................................. 37 3.3.9 Elevage .......................................................................................................................................................................... 37 3.4 Ile de Mohéli ................................................................................................................................................................. 37 3.4.1 Situation géographique ................................................................................................................................................. 38 3.4.2 Description du milieu biophysique ................................................................................................................................ 38 3.4.3 Milieu biologique .......................................................................................................................................................... 38 2 3.4.4 Démographie ................................................................................................................................................................. 39 3.4.5 Education ...................................................................................................................................................................... 40 3.4.6 Economie régionale ...................................................................................................................................................... 40 3.5 Situation sanitaire de la population comorienne .......................................................................................................... 42 3.6 Gestion des déchets solides .......................................................................................................................................... 42 3.7 Traditions et cultures comoriennes .............................................................................................................................. 43 3.7.1 Grand mariage comorien .............................................................................................................................................. 43 3.7.2 Dot comorienne ............................................................................................................................................................. 44 3.7.3 Consommation alimentaire ........................................................................................................................................... 44 3.7.4 Organisation sociale villageoise ..................................................................................................................................
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