Volume XXXVII No. 4 April 1982 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOOAJiai Of JBHSV AGnKCSf K GOAT uarAH

C. C. Aronsfeld which has a German population of approximately 800,000 (out of a total of 2.5 million). In fact the German Meimonite settlement dates back to 1900. Only about 1,000 have been counted in the capital Asunci6n. The majority, including German settlers from the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul appear PARADISE IN PARAGUAY to be concentrated in a colony called Hohenau in Southern Paraguay, north of the Parana port of South America has long iseen a cherished refuge for with their minerals and highly developed industries, Encamacion, with an area of roughly 75,000 acres. European, especially German, Nazis. Immediately are entirely under the control of international high This colony, with others called Altos, Obligado, Bella after the Hitler war, many of them levanted to finance. We would therefore have jumped from the Vista and Fordii, was steadily enlarged by arrivals, in Argentina and Brazil where the old spirit was soon frying pan into the fire. We were looking for a land 1907, 1920, 1931-34 and 1946-47, of Germans from spread in books (published by the Diirer Verlag, with neither big industries nor prospecting of gold, countries other than Germany, mainly U.S.A. and Buenos Aires) and journals (e.g. Der Weg and Die diamonds and other minerals, in other words a land Canada. Many of their descendants are playing a Briicke). A number then found it sufficiently safe to outside the interests of high finance". Schmidt goes on notable part in national life. The present head of return, e.g. Hans-Ulrich Rudel, the Luftwaffe ace, now to describe the attractions of Paraguay (e.g. no income State, for example. General Alfredo Stroessner, now the patron of Dr. Gerhard Prey's German People's tax). To this information, the Nazi editor is pleased to 70, is the son of a German immigrant. There are some Union. More recently, however, some have again add: "German settlers are in demand once again. 100 Gern\an .schools in the country. thought of settlement in South America, this time not Land in Paraguay has already been acquired". to run away from danger but to live in a more con­ In another neo-Nazi paper "honest advice" on invest­ genial enviromnent. The country chosen by them is ment and the purchase of real estate in Paraguay is RENT AND RATE Paraguay. regularly advertised by "a reliable expert who also REBATE APPLICATIONS For some time past advertisements in neo-Nazi pub­ administers estates". Actually, "fertile wooded and German and Austrian Pensions lications, both German and Austrian, have aslced for grazing land under German administration" was for In our issue of November, 1981 we informed our "patriots" prepared to join a "patriotic settlement several years canvassed by a Paraguayan Estates Com­ readers that the City of Westminster had agreed to community". Both "active worlcers" and "passive pany in the neo-Nazi weekly Deutsche National make the rebate calculations "by reference to the tax­ investors" were wanted. The "activists" should "wish Zeitung. These adverts ceased to appear some time ago able element of the benefits received from the German to withdraw from this racketeering society" and and have now surfaced in the general German press. and Austrian authorities." We are now advised that on engage in "agriculture, cattle breeding and other ways So did others, e.g. Communal and Economic Advisers further examination of the Guidelines issued by the of making a living". Candidates are promised, by the offer agricultural land (up to 2,500 acres), suitable for Department of the Environment and of the position of Hesse advertiser Gerd Lucka, "profitable capital cattle breeding, at approximately £200 per acre. the pensioners who, in many cases, were in receipt of returns and security" as Paraguay is considered "a several 'Renten' and pensions, the Westminster autho­ politically stable zone of South America". Prominent Antisemites rities felt that this concession went beyond the dis­ More specific statements were published by Thies Paraguay has in fact a long association with cretion allowed to them by the Department of the Christophersen, author of the Holocaust-denying Germans. One of the earliest settlers was the promi­ Envirorunent. pamphlet Die Auschwitz Liige, in his magazine Die nent antisemite of Imperial Germany, Dr. Bernhard The disregard or partial disregard of the German Bauernschaft ("The Farmer") which under its innoc­ Fdrster, and his wife Elizaijeth, the sister of Friedrich or Austrian payments in line with the taxation treat­ uous title unrepentantly upholds the Nazi cause. There Nietzsche. They established in 1886, on the upper ment has been withdrawn. A former disregard of £4 interest, in "our paradise off the beaten track" reaches of the Parana, a colony called Nueva Germania, per week will also no longer be operative. (Paraguay) was solicited by one Rudolf Schmidt, of 130 miles Northeast of the capital Asuncion. He This withdrawal of the concessions previously in the Anglo-Afrikaner Bond, Bellville, South Africa. A received some financial aid from the Paraguayan force will be applied in future rebate calculations. former member of the Hitler Youth which he joined Government, and his ambition was to live in accor­ There will be no re-assessment of rebates already paid. "not because 1 had to but laecause I wanted to", he dance with Richard Wagner's teachings, especially his All applicants will be informed that from the renewal left Germany in 1965 to find his Promised Land antisemitism, which the two had in common. Forster onwards, the full pension(s) (including compensation among the champions of Apartheid, but he has now had been disillusioned by the apparent failure of the 'Renten') will be used in rebate calculations and will become sadly disillusioned. He has discovered that the antisemitic movement in Germany. The old world, he therefore have to be stated in the applications. South African right-wing movement, even the diehard thought, "shows the clearest symptoms of decrepitude, As far as we know the position in Camden and other Anglo-Afrikaner Bond, must be written off as "lost". of senile impotence, of incipient dissolution . . . What boroughs has not changed. In Camden, the first 25% His daughter said the "lonely and bitter man did is flawed and rotten in our modern society is just what or £4 per week, whichever is the higher, of German/ everything in his power to fight for the cause of the society calls 'educated, liberal and humane'". Austrian "restitution pensions" will be disregarded for White Man in South Africa but he received very little However, Neu-Germanien did not prosper. The rent rebates or allowances, but not for rate rebates. support. The Afrikaner proved to be more concerned pioneer who expected to redeem the Teutonic race in In 1977 we took this matter up with the Department about status and making money than his own future. South American forests turned out to l)e, literally, a of the Environment, which at that time had issued Many people paid lip-service to my father's efforts but crier in the wilderness. The few who followed him fell Guidelines for local authorities on which the Camden shied away when they were asked to make sacrifices. out among themselves. F6rster's foibles, compounded treatment for the calculation of rent reliefs is based. In the end my father fought a lonely battle. As a result, by the antics of his wife, reduced the colonising effort We have again written to the Department of the he decided to pack up and start a new life somewhere such as it was to farce, and when the financial basis Environment in order to secure more beneficial Guide­ else". Incidentally, his pessimism is not shared by was lost through no very creditable manipulations, the lines and a more uniform treatment by local autho­ other Europeans with a Nazi record. Only recently unhappy man committed suicide in an earlier German rities for rent and rate rebate purposes. We will inform South Africa admitted a high-ranking Dutch SS officer. colony, called, ironically enough, San Bernardino. our readers of the outcome of our representations. Schmidt chose Paraguay "for very special reasons" The year was 1889, a few weeks after Hitler was born. In the meantime, we repeat our previous recom­ which he explained to German friends back home: At present Paraguay has a German population of mendation that any recipient of compensation 'We wanted to liberate ourselves from the fangs of about 20,000, though prominent Germans living there "Renten" or social insurance pensions from Germany 'nternational high finance and so, outside Europe, we have put the figure nearer 50,000. Most of them, or Austria, as a Nazi victim, should clearly state the Could hope to settle neither in North America, Canada, largely Mennonites, live in a part of the country close nature of such payments in the income section of his nor Australia or New Zealand, as these countries. to the Southern Brazilian state of Santa Catarina or her application. F.E.F. Pa«e2 AJR INFORMATION AprU 1982 Richard Grunberger BLANKS IN fflSTORY This is a small book* on a big and important subject. Mrs. Dawidowicz is well-known as the author of "The War Against the Jews" and "A Holocaust Reader", excellent and valuable treatments of their ROOTS OF HATRED subjects. In the course of working on them she was struck by the extent to which this central phenomenon of twentieth century history was either wholly over­ The Holocaust was a calamity of such dimension Chimeric antisemitism is best exemplified by the looked, or dealt with inadequately in so many his­ that intervening time has in no way diminished its notion of the profanation of the consecrated host. torical works, ranging from the most serious to the horror. The lifespan of an entire generation has elapsed This lethal fantasy was spawned in the aftermath of popular, and including textbooks, which come some­ since, yet interest in it is apparently as great as ever— the Church's doctrine of Transubstantiation and the where in between. among historians and public alike. In 1981 both Walter institution of the Feast of Corpus Christi. When she started to explore the reasons for these Laqueur and Martin Gillsert published major works Hostienschdndimg thus became an accusation levelled extraordinary omissions, she found that the causes on this theme, while French complicity in the Final against Jews in German-speaking areas at a time when differed from country to country, each nation writing Solution has been the subject of a popular book by their co-religionists in France and England had already history within the confines of its own historiographical David Pryce-Jones, and various scholarly ones by suffered expulsion. Another charge levelled against the and national tradition. In Soviet-bloc countries, where specialist historians. Jews at this time—the fourteenth century was also the all forms of expression from the academic to the period of the Black Death—related to Brunnenver- Unlike those works with their deep focus and popular media are mere functions of the national giftung. plethora of detail The Holocaust: Ideology, Bureaucracy propaganda network, Jewish history in general and the and Genocide* is a "pantechnicon" of a book. It is in Whereas in those unenlightened days the Jews in Holocaust in particular have tended to be distorted or fact a collection of research papers on diverse topics Germany had been targets of mob hatred, after even to disappear completely in accordance with the read at symposia of the American Conference of Emancipation they served as lightning conductors for party line of the moment—at one point the Warsaw Christians and Jews in 1978 and 1979. the sense of social displacement experienced by the ghetto uprising was described as "primarily a Polish A work of such wide focus presents the reviewer so-called bourgeoisie of education. The "German battle". In the Soviet Union the memorial tablet at with a next-to-impossible task of compression. The mandarins" saw their traditional role in society—as the Babi Yar does not even mention the word Jews. best he can do is to select and comment on just a few second estate after the nobility—increasingly threat­ of the findings or conjectures advanced by the contri­ ened in the Wilhelminian Reich. On the one side was Act of Integration butors. The aspect of the book that held the greatest the new wealth of the captains of industry and com­ interest for me was the investigation of the precursors merce—on the other the new political power of the In Western countries the situation is more com­ of twentieth century antisemitic thinking in earlier masses (Social Democracy and Zentrum). plicated. In Germany there was the problem of seeing times. the Nazi period as part of the continuity of German Agents of Change A case in point is the so-called blood libel—the history, with roots in the past, and not as an inexplic­ charge of ritual murder levelled against the Jews. This When the mandarins imagined society being cut able break in that continuity. That act of understanding charge, endemic in Eastem Europe around the turn of adrift from its moorings they perceived all change as and integration was not really achieved until Fritz the century (vide the Hiilsner and Beilis trials) does not inevitably for the worse, and they furthermore saw the Fischer produced his "Griff nach der Weltmacht", merely go back to the Catholic Middle Ages— Jews as the agents of such deleterious change. There and above all Karl Dietrich Bracher his "Die Deutsche Chaucer's tale of Hugh of Lincoln—but to classical was much talk of Jewish-instigated disintegration, of Diktatur". antiquity. Nearly two and a half millenia ago, that is, "das Zersetzende und Zerschatzende", of the pre­ She notes the lack of insight into and experience of the time of the Maccabean resistance to Hellenisation, dominance of criticism over construction, etc. the importance of ideology among American and myths about Jewish ritual sacrifice and cannibalism Oddly enough, later mandarins took a much more British historians as an explanation for their omissions, were in vogue among the ancient Greeks. The image of detached view of the changes wrought by the advent of quite apart from the eccentricities of an A. J. P.Taylor the Jews in ancient Rome was hardly more favourable. Nazism. The eminent Max Planck said "We scientists or the "revisionist" distortions of David Irving (giving Tacitus called the Fall of Jerusalem "atonement for who do not understand politics ought not to make any a good example of Irving's reversing a meaning by a primordial Jewish sin, going back to its founder, difficulties for the government." Von Laue, another selective quotation from Himmler). Her criticisms of Moses." Asked what exactly this primordial sin con­ scientific luminary, disqualified academics tout court Bullock and Trevor-Roper are shakier, since they sisted of, Tacitus replied "The Jews consider profane from participation in public affairs. "Political struggle' were bound to see Hitler and Nazism from a British all we hold most sacred." he wrote, 'demands other methods and natures than perspective, and she surely misreads "disdain" and scholarly research." "social prejudice", respectively, into their attitudes— His use of terms like sacred and profane would indi­ The upshot was that by refuting Aristotle's dictum very much an American misperception of British ways. cate that the Jews' alleged offence lay in the religious about man being a "political animal" the custodians She apparently thinks Lord Bullock was born to the sphere. This was indeed the case—but it must be of German culture allowed Germany to be a country ermine. remembered that the Roman religion had at least as of mere animals. much to do with politics (exemplified by Emperor worship) as with spirituality. The Romans saw them­ Confronting Facts selves as divinely predestined to greatness and world Nevertheless, Mrs. Dawidowicz is basically right domination; their politico-religious state ideology of about the reluctance of many historians to confront "chosenness" inevitably clashed with the Jewish con­ the facts of the Nazi phenomenon, even when the ception of themselves as God's "chosen people". "GOOD" TRANSFERRED reasons are those indicated by Prof. Langmuir: When, two centuries after Tacitus, Christianity The late C. P. Taylor's play "Good" which deals "Inheriting a historiographic tradition hostile towards replaced the Roman state religion the negative image with a Frankfurt university professor's development or ignorant of Jews, or both, and writing for a society of the Jew was reinforced by the myth of deicide. "The into a Nazi murderer, has won such general acclaim little interested in Jewish history or more or less whole synagogue of the children of Israel killed him" that it will be transferred from the "Warehouse" to the hostile to Jews, historians of the majority have been wrote Tertullian. This Church father deemed Jewish Aldwych Theatre for a limited season starting on little attracted to the history of the Jews, little inspired guilt to be inherited and therefore immutable. "Can the April 20. It should be of great interest to our members. even to read the work of Jewish historians, let alone to Ethiopian change his colour, or the leopard his spots ?" study the matter themselves." Comparable Judeophobia is found in other patristic Mrs. Dawidowicz does give full credit to the very writings. St. Chrysostom called the synagogue "a fine school of British and American historians of whorehouse, a den of thieves and a haunt of wild German Jewish origin: George Mosse, Fritz Stern, animals". In the view of Justin Martyr Israel was man­ UNSPORTING GREEK FANS Walter Laqueur, Guenter Lewy, Peter Pulzer, who have made major contributions to the subject, and kind's preordained pariah. "Circumcision was given to Israeli basketball followers who flew to Athens to the Jews to separate them from other nations." watch Maccabi Tel Aviv beat the Greek team 86 to 78 with full understemding. M.S. Yet for all the bigotry of these Graeco-Roman came away with a sorry tale of spectator misbehaviour Church fathers Mediterranean Europe subsequently at the match. The pilot of the charter plane said that •THE HOLOCAUST AND THE HISTORIANS, Lucy S. about 400 young Greeks were at the stadium for the Dawidowicz, Harvard University Press, 1981. pp. 187, £10.50. exhibited less virulent Judeophobia than the more sole purpose of harrying and insulting the Israelis. Northern, least Romanised, part of the continent. They waved placards painted with swastikas and Germany in particular became the breeding ground of shouted their hopes for a "new Auschwitz". After the match the Israelis' buses were surrounded by crowds what can only be described as chimeric antisemitism CORRECTION in the Middle Ages. banging the coaches with their fists or with sticks. Meanwhile the Greek police either looked on apathetic­ In the footnote on page 8 of the March issue, the •THE HOLOCAUST: Ideology, Bureaucracy and Genocide. ally or contented themselves with arresting some of the Edited by Henry Friedlander and Sybil Milton. Kraus International tide of Professor Dr. Hermaim Levin Goldschmidt's Publications. $35. Israeli fans. book should have been "Juedisches Ja zur Zukunft." AJR INFORMATION April 1982 Page 3

DR. HUBERT'S GENEROSITY In honour of his late wife Martha, Dr. Arthur HOME NEWS Hubert has established a scholarship at Bar-Uan Uni­ versity. His gesture was acknowledged at a meeting of HOLOCAUST MEMORUL MEETING Leicester Council has been asked to ban the appreciation in Salford, where Dr. Hubert was pre­ This year's Holocaust Memorial Meeting will be National Front and similar bodies from holding meet­ sented with a certificate by the Manchester Friends of ings in any premises owned by the council. In the case Bar-Ilan and tributes were paid to the generosity of held on Sunday, May 9, in the afternoon. The venue the Hubert family. and the guest speaker will be announced in the next of election meetings, which caimot be forbidden, the city's Race Relations Unit recommends that the coun­ issue. It is hoped that members and friends of the AJR cil should reserve the right to tape-record the meetings, will consider it their moral duty to pay tribute to our TRIBUTE TO to have official observers present and to limit the num- RABBI SOLOMON SCHONFELD nearest ones who perished and attend the function. bev of stewards and speakers. However, these proposals For reserved seats, orders (with stamped and addressed The American-Canadian Committee has published are not unopposed: Conservatives on the council con­ a book to mark Rabbi Dr. Schonfeld's 70th birthday, envelopes enclosed) should be sent from the middle of sider that they represent a danger to free speech and entitled "Solomon Schonfeld: his Page in History" April onwards to: The Secretary, AJEX, 5a East the "Leicester Mercury" has published a leader entitled and edited by Prof. David Kranzler and Gertrude Bank, London, N16 5RT. "Forbidden to Speak" and insisting that, while it Hirschler. It details the stories of 40 of the many remains a legal organisation, the National Front must people rescued by Dr. Schonfeld from Nazi Europe. have freedom to express itself in public, whatever its STEINER PLAY UNDER FIRE "repulsive policies". Christopher Hampton's play at the Mermaid MONUMENT TO HOLOCAUST VICTIMS? "SPEAK OUT ABOUT SOVIET JEWS" Theatre, "The Portage to San Cristobal of A H" Over 130 scientists met for a seminar at Oxford based on a short novel by George Steiner, has met The Government, in consultation with the Board of Deputies, is considering the possibility of a site being recently in order to discuss the worsening plight of with fierce criticism from a number of reviewers on the their Soviet refusenik colleagues. They heard Professor grounds that, while the role of the aged Hitler contains made available for the erection of a memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. Mr. Michael Heseltine said Mark Azbel, one of the most distinguished Jewish an extremely long and controversial speech defending scientific emigres, say that the ordinary Soviet citizen his actions, no character in the work is allowed to in Parliament recently that anyone who supports the privately admires the efforts of the refuseniks despite refute the views expressed, whether in general or in idea should make his views known to the Board of endemic antisemitism in the country. The professor detail, and Hitler is left with the last word in his own Deputies. voiced the appreciation of Soviet Jewish scientists for defence. George Steiner admitted in a television inter­ JEWISH SERIES FOR TV the support given to them in the West and urged has view that he would not stage the play in German before BBC TV is to present a series "The Jews", which hearers to speak openly to their Soviet colleagues on neo-Nazis, but said that as a teacher trusting in his will be transmitted in January 1983. Two separate the subject: "Do not be afraid to speak to them and do students' intelligence he likewise trusted his audiences. writers submitted scenarios: Louis Marks proposed a not think that you will hurt the refuseniks, because you The historian Dr. Martin Gilbert, reviewing the 13-episode series on Jewish history, the Jewish contri­ will not. A true service to science is to help Soviet play in the Jewish Chronicle, points out; "A non- bution to civilisation and the situation of Jews today. scientists to have contact with their Western counter­ specialised theatre audience, presented with only one Desmond Wilcox, former head of BBC features, parts." side of the case, cannot be expected to have at its envisaged a 9 or 10-part programme, concentrating fingertips the knowledge of the historian or the more narrowly on the lives of Jews in various countries. At an international conference in Washington, organised by the World Movement for Soviet Jews, theologian . . . Much of the success of the real Hitler JEWS' COLLEGE TO MOVE IN SUMMER was due to the fact that his audience was neither know­ delegates from 14 countries heard how the numbers of Jews' College will be temporarily housed in the new Jews leaving the Soviet Union had dropped from ledgeable or critical enough to see the distortions in Beth Hamidrash complex at Finchley Synagogue his actual monologues." Mr. Roman Halter, a con­ 52,000 in 1979 to 9,447 in 1981. Since 1970, 260,000 when it has to vacate its present premises in July. A Jews have emigrated from the country, of whom centration camp survivor, felt that "The Portage to particular headache is the storage of the library of San Cristobal" left such a false impression on its 185,000 have settled in Israel. Not only have the num­ 60,000 volumes which will be closed from mid-May. bers of exit visas dramatically dwindled, but Russian hearers that he arranged for Dr. Gilbert's article to be Eventually it is hoped that the present upheavals will reprinted for distribution to Mermaid patrons. Jews are increasingly suffering from an atmosphere of lead to a new University of Judaism with a permanent growing antisemitism. The bankers S. G. Warburg agree that they gave site, serving the whole Anglo-Jewish community. money to the Mermaid Theatre, in accordance with their usual policy of supporting the arts. These funds GOLDSMID CHAIR APPOINTEE were used for the production but Warburg's say that AJR CLUB Professor Chimen Abramsky, the Goldsmid Pro­ press reports that their donation amounted to £60,000 Although there was no advertisement in this paper fessor of Hebrew and Jewish Studies at London Were greatly exaggerated. In fact they state they about the AJR Club's 26th Birthday Bring-and-Buy University, has reached the compulsory retiring age of donated only £2,500 following an appeal from Sale nearly 200 guests stormed the stalls on Sunday, 65 and will leave his post in the coining September. He Bernard Miles, the Mermaid's 'Managing governor'. the 28th February. Due to the outstanding work of will be succeeded by Mr. Raphael Loewe. The Gold­ the organisers and the joyful spirit of all our helpers smid Chair is over 150 years old, having been estab­ PROTESTS AGAINST BRITISH NAZIS we made £1,730, a marvellous success. Our sincerest lished in 1828, and it was feared last year that the Pressing for a speedy strengthening of the Public University intended to leave it unfilled after Professor thanks go out to them, upstairs and downstairs, and Abramsky's retirement. Order Act of 1936, Members of Parliament have urged to our donors for their generosity in kind and cash. that racialist publications such as "Bulldog" should be We are happy to continue our charitable work here more easily prosecuted. Ivor Lawrence, Conservative NEW INCUMBENT FOR BELSIZE SQUARE MP for Burton, described the use of the Union Jack and for Israel. MARGARET JACOBY by British Nazis as a "sickening abuse" and its display "Different from all other synagogues in England": at the Cenotaph a "hideous mockery" of those who lillliilllllllll m this is how the new rabbi of Belsize Square Synagogue describes it. Rabbi Rodney Mariner of Edgware and had fought against Nazism. Greville Janner, Leicester 1 ALL AIRPORTS AND SEASIDES | W., pointed to the repeated trials of the "Bulldog" District Reform Synagogue has been appointed to editor as proof of the insuffiency of present powers. I JACK'S EARLY CAR SERVICE j succeed the late Rabbi J. J. Kokotek. Going on to Although the paper was evil racist rubbish, he said, it explain the difference. Rabbi Mariner said that in had taken three trials to reach a conviction and then I 959 6473 | some ways the synagogue was in the orthodox style, Only by a majority vote. yet it formed part of the most progressive movement i HEATHROW —eiO LUTON —£12 i in the country. When it was established during the Jewish and other students mounted a protest against 1 QATWICK/STANSTED/SOUTHEND —ei 7 i the continued employment of Andrew Brons at the Second World War, the German refugee founders Harrogate College of Further Education. Brons, the 1 BRIGHTON — £25 | brought with them "a very special brand of Jewish chairman of the National Front, is a lecturer in govern­ I EASTBOURNE & BOURNEMOUTH — £30 | observance". "Belsize Square," the rabbi concluded, ment and political studies. 500 people joined in the I ADVANCE BOOKINGS | "attracts people from all over London—people pass a protest demonstration. i EVERYONE FULLY LEGALLY INSURED | dozen synagogues in order to come to it." The British Nationalist and Socialist Movement illllll!llil!l»ll!llllll(l|||||||||||||||l!i!!lllli:ilII»illllillllllllllllillli!lllllllll!!llillli:illllllll»IIIUII«^ (formerly the British Movement) has made applica­ SALZBERGER CENTENARY tions to a nimiber of local authorities for grants to set Your House for:— On the occasion of the distinguished rabbi's cen­ up "white cultural centres" throughout the coimtry. tenary, Mr. C. H. Guttmann, J.P., will give a talk on Reaction from the authorities concerned has been FLOOR COVERINGS decidedly unfavourable. CURTAINS, CARPETS, "Rabbi Dr. G. Salzberger the Teacher" on Monday, SPECIALITY April 19 at 8 pm, at the '1943 Club", 9 Adamson Road. ENGLISH & CONTINENTAL DOWN QUILTS, DUVETS, Annely ]uda Fine Art DUVET COVERS & SHEETS BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE 11 Tottenham Mews, London WIP 9PJ ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS 51 Belsize Square, London, N.W.S ESTIMATES FREE 01-637 5517/8 Our new communal hall is available for DAWSON-LANE LIMITED CONTEMPORARY PAINTING cultural and social functions. For details (established 1946) apply to: Secretary, Synagogue Office. AND SCULPTURE 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK Mon-Fri: 10 am-6 pm Sat: 10 am-1 pm Telephone: 904 6671 Tel: 01-794 3949 Page 4 AJR INFORMATION April 1982

SWISS-ISRAELI AIR FORCE CO-OPERATION Military collaboration between Switzerland and NEWS FROM ABROAD Israel in the past few years has included training of Swiss pilots by Israeli officers and a visit by an Israeli test pilot to the Swiss air force base at Emmen to help UNITED STATES "MOSSAD INFILTRATION OF ITALIAN with engine problems. The Swiss Defence Ministry Nbton's Prejudices — by Dr. Kissinger TERRORISTS" maintains that the exchange of technical information In his newly published memoirs, Dr. Henry Popular opinion in Rome has blamed the Italian between the two air forces does not affect Swiss Kissinger speaks of the strange relationship between security services for not heeding warnings by Mossad, neutrality. himself and President Nixon in the years when the Israeli intelligence arm, that the Red Brigade, in Kissinger was Secretary of State. He discusses Mr. collaboration with the PLO, the IRA and the Basque ART OF THE HOLOCAUST Nixon's prejudices concerning the Jews, his belief that ETA, was planning a coup last November, shortly I hesitated to open this book because of the terrible they were a predominantly liberal and powerful before the kidnap of General Dozier. memories that the Nazi years evoke. Yet it is right that cohesive group who put Israel's interests above every­ After the interrogation of two "repentant" terrorists, not only written records should be preserved of this thing else. Jewish media control, the President thought, an Italian judge stated that the men believed that meant that American Jewry was a dangerous adver­ imique tragedy in world history, but also pictorial Israeli secret services had infiltrated subversive groups representations that reflect himian experiences of a sary; nevertheless Israel had to be forced into a peace in Italy and had even helped the Red Brigades from settlement and Arab-American relations could not be time to time. The two men alleged that the Israeli aim time that defies reason and understanding. put at risk. Dr. Kissinger characterises his position was to inflame a civil war which would make Israel an The 350 pictures in this volume* are not all good art, vis-4-vis the President as "never easy" and "partic­ indispensable factor in the field of Mediterranean although there are some very fine pieces amongst ularly complex with regard to the Middle East". security. The reports have been strenuously denied by them. They are important, whatever their quality, Despite his prejudices, which the former Secretary of the Israeli government. because they show how individual artists came to State describes as stemming from his lower middle- Complicated links and confrontations between terms with the horrors they saw and the sufferings and class Califomian background, Richard Nixon had Mossad and the CIA have also been revealed by docu­ cordial relationships with many Jews and appointed indignities they underwent. Some of the artists ments captured in the Teheran US Embassy and now retreated into themselves and painted the sort of pic­ Jews to key positions though "in the heat of the published in the "Washington Post". Although both moment" he might blurt out his underlying feelings. secret services have tacitly agreed to a co-operative tures they might have executed anywhere. For instance, "Yet in every crisis", says Dr. Kissinger, "Nixon stood co-existence, several attempts have been made by each the "Three Women in Front of Barracks" by Mabull by Israel more firmly than almost any other President to infiltrate the other. In most cases, so far as appears, could be any three women having a nice quiet gossip. save Harry Truman. He admired Israeli guts." these essays have been unsuccessful and several Ranged beside that picture is an extraordinary work endeavours to recruit American Jews to Mossad have by Felix Nussbaum wherein he shows in sombre Ambassador Describes UN Atmosphere been rejected and reported to the US authorities. colours the despair of camp inmates and, in a way, In a recent interview, Mrs. Jeanne Kirkpatrick, the their inward thoughts. As is to be expected, the book US Ambassador to the United Nations, said that she contains many pictures of brutality and bestiality, had heard "whispers" concerning alleged "Jewish PROTEST AT POLISH HERO'S ARREST unpleasant representational art; not pictures to enjoy, influence" in the American Mission to the UN. She A protest against the detention of Wladyslaw also said that Israel was a "pariah" within the organisa­ but important records of events depicted by actual Bartoszewski by the Polish military govermnent has observers, as for instance "The Guard Metes Out tion, put on a lower plane than South Africa. Replying been raised by a prominent German worker for to newsmen's questions later, Mrs. Kirkpatrick re­ Christian-Jewish understanding. Gunther Bernd Pimishment," executed by Frances Audol at Ravens- peated that she was not trying to imply that there was Ginzel, Chairman of the Political Wing of the German bruck in 1944/5. antisemitism within the UN, but nevertheless she had Co-Ordinating Council of Societies for Christian- There are also more pleasing, softer pictures, many long ago heard "as gossip" that there were too many Jewish Co-operation, points up two contrasting events from Theresienstadt. "Faraway Landscape" by Otto Jews in positions of influence. Another member of the in the year 1942. At that time, a used diesel engine in Karas-Kaufman, is full of nostalgia for the country­ US mission said that African ambassadors had asked working order was delivered to the SS in Kulmhof for side which makes one realise how the artist must have him whether the fact that he was a Jew affected the US the unacknowledged purpose of gassing human beings: forced himself to look outside his grim present. government's policy regarding Israel, but he had meanwhile, Bartoszewski, just 20 years old, decided always turned such questions aside. that as a Catholic and a Pole he must fight against the It is impossible to make a real selection from such a Later, speaking at an Anti-Defamation League Nazi regime and for the Jews who faced death. As a collection covering ghettoes, transit camps, prisons meeting, Mrs. Kirkpatrick accused the UN of pre­ founder-member of the "Aid Council for Jews", he and POW, camps, the illegals, partisans, concentra­ paring the expulsion cf Israel from the organisation. saved many people by hiding them and crawled through tion camps, etc. The authors of the book, Janet Blatter the sewers of the Warsaw Ghetto to bring help and and Sybil Milton, have made a careful and compre­ US Museum Feared Reprisal encouragement to the beleaguered Jews. Surviving a hensive choice, concentrating on professional artists An archaeological exhibition from Israel was not year in Auschwitz, Bartoszewski remained in Poland and basing their selection on intrinsic artistic values put on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, after the war and became the General Secretary of the and their value as historical documents. This a book New York, because museum heads feared that Polish PEN-Club. Only a few months ago he protested to have, to keep, to look at from time to time as, per­ American archaeological expeditions to Arab coun­ against the use of antisemitic slanders as a means of tries might be hampered or forbidden and that Arab discrediting Solidarity. He was one of the first to be haps, one's memories fade. ALICE SCHWAB oil companies would cease to contribute to the "Met". arrested when the military regime took over and is •THEARTOF THEHOLOCA UST, Janet Blatter and Sybil Milton, The museum director admitted as much to Israeli still in custody. Pan Books, £7.95. officials at a meeting in 1980, but refused to have his Recalling these events, Giinther Ginzel makes a statement put on record. powerful plea "as a Jew for a Catholic, as a young man for an elder, as a German for a Pole" that free­ Ukrainians Face Deportation dom should once again be restored to Bartoszewski. Two former Ukrainian policemen, Mikhail Dercacz and Alexander Lehman, have t)een brought Ipefore US courts in proceedings designed to rescind their 2,000 YEARS OF American citizenship. A Brooklyn court has already GRAECO-JEWISH COMMUNITY reversed Dercacz' naturalisation on the grounds that What is perhaps the oldest Jewish community in he had concealed his police service when applying for Europe exists on a Greek isle. Chalkis on the island admission and had also been personally concerned in of Evia, lying 60 miles from Athens, can boast a syna­ ill-treating and murdering Jews. Subject to an appeal, gogue whose foundations are at least 1,500 years old Dercacz is likely to be retumed to the Soviet Union. and a twelfth-century mikva which was largely recon­ No decision has yet been announced in the case of structed from an earlier building. Tombstones set in Lehman, who is accused of murdering over 300 Jews. the walls of the synagogue were taken from the Castle of Chalkis which was demolished in the last century. HUNGARIAN RESCUER HONOURED The stones had been used to build the castle in the Ara Jeretzian, a Hungarian of Armenian origin, Venetian period and they bear dates which place them was honoured in a ceremony at the Armenian Church in the first years of the Christian era. The community in Vienna recently, when the Israeli Ambassador and itself believes that its history can be traced back at Fights Rust the Prelate of the church joined in presenting him with least 2,000 years and local records indicate that Jewish Newly developed. Zinc compounds the medal of Yad Vashem. During the Second World captives were brought to Evia in the 2nd century BCE. are some of the finest rust inhibitors.The War, it is estimated that Mr. Jeretzian managed to Among those who contributed to the sixth rebuilding save at least 200 people. He established a medical of the synagogue in 1849 were the Duchess of Lakaidia, synthetic resin base forms a tough skin, centre in Budapest, where 40 Jewish doctors were a convert to Judaism, and Ferdinand de Rothschild. which seals the surface from moisture. employed. Because of this, they and their families During the Second World War, a Chalkis Jew, From all good hardware and accessory stores. managed to survive the persecution in Hungary. Mordechai Frizis, was the first Greek officer to fall in Free literature from David's ISOPON, FREEPOST action against the Italians in Albania and he has Northway House, London N20 9BR. become a local hero. The Bishop of Chalkis managed to hide the Torah scrolls and other cult objects from With acknowledgement to the news service the Nazis during the Occupation. Today there are 40 of the Jewish Chronicle. Jewish families living on the island, some of whom can trace their families back for 13 generations. AJR INFORMATION April 1982 Pages

replacement of natural membership losses by making those still aloof join the AJR. While corrmiunity solidarity should come naturally to the older generation, he understands that some of the younger people may be reluctant to be termed 'refugees*. To LUDWIG SPIRO AT SEVENTY overcome this difficulty, he has been among the most forceful originators of the idea of the 'Friends of the AJR'. His qualities are equally valuable for the Homes, Never was a title more misleading than the one telephone line—that the pumps had exploded! Spiro those jointly administered with the CBF and those above, though the actual date is the first of May. One's hung up to take this information in, and then rang which are the property of the AJR (Hannah Karminski first impression on meeting Ludwig Spiro is of drive back on a better and clearer line. There had indeed House, Marie Baneth House in Golders Green and and energy, of a youthful vitality very much at work been an explosion, but it had nothing to do with the Otto Hirsch House in Finchley). Whenever there is an in the world, acting on events and shaping them, pumps themselves. A load of beetroot had inadver­ emergency, whether involving a resident or a building, deeply involved in a stream of tiu-bulent activities pro­ tently contained a landmine—left over from the Ludwig Spiro is on the spot. The value of his involve­ fessional and voluntary, concerned with people and recently concluded war—and the pressure of the pro­ ment is enhanced by the fact that as an engineer, he their needs, with their worries and preoccupations. cessing had detonated it; no one was hurt, but the can give advice about damage and can then ensure that Retirement for him has clearly been a fiction: he is still pumps needed replacing. the work is carried out properly. active as a high-powered marketing and sales consul­ Spiro is much concerned by the status and education As Chairman of the Management Committee of tant for several heavy engineering firms, including the of engineers in Britain, where they are seen as tech­ those homes jointly administered with the CBF he one to which he devoted so many decades of his 'official' nicians, and thus, in contrast to the continent, Japan conscientiously provides guidance with the many prob­ working life. He travels widely and often on business. and the United States, they remain narrowly confined lems involved in the running of the four Old Age There is an early episode in his career which encapsu­ to their profession, whereas in those other countries— Homes (Otto Schiff House, Leo Baeck House, Heirtfich lates much of his distinctive contribution to the British so much more vigorous industrially—they are encou­ Stahl House, and Osmond House) and the Flatlet engineering industry. Shortly after the war his Scottish raged to aspire to the highest managerial functions, Home (Eleanor Rathbone House). This is a major engineering firm sent him to France to compete with thus being able to combine expert knowledge with enterprise, not least financially, for which the profes­ other industrialists for a large contract for heavy-duty crucial decision-making at the top levels. He grew up sional staff' and the members of the Management pumps to be used in processing sugar beet. The com­ in that continental tradition in Germany, where his Committee bear responsibility. Ludwig Spiro does not petitors made their presentations, then Engineer Spiro father held a position of great respoiKibility in the rail­ spare himself in his devotion to this work, and since he made his, in French, since he believed that one should way system, one of the very few Jews to do so. Spiro is is constantly visiting the Homes, his advice is always speak to one's clients in their own language if possible, also involved with making a film in association with based on first-hand knowledge. though his French at that time was not yet as smooth his old firm, in which he hopes to present his creative He is a regular visitor to the AJR office, where he is and fluent as it was to become. ideas at)out the responsibilities of his profession, the regarded by the professional staff not as a 'boss' but as When he had concluded his presentation, the French need to understand its function in industry and in the a helpful friend. We are fortunate to have such an managing director addressed him with a directness and wider social context as well. He stresses that in market­ experienced, devoted and lovable man among the decisiveness that took Spiro by surprise. The French­ ing for export, the engineer's technical skills are circle of the AJR workers. His birthday gives us the man said that he had no doubt whatever that he assumed, but it is up to him to get to know the men­ opportunity to thank him for all he has done and is wanted to buy Spiro's pumps. All the others could tality and special needs of his potential foreign clients. doing, and to wish him—and us—that he will continue only pump the sugar beet to a height of nine metres, As he says, "You can have a first class product but with his characteristic vigour and energy to enjoy long while Spiro's pumps could get the beets to nineteen you will not sell it unless you have fully studied the life and to enhance ours. metres! This would eliminate the need for the expen­ customer's problem and can demonstrate that you can sive and elaborate escalators to lift the beet one storey provide the solution." Spiro studied mechanical upwards. Spiro went away overjoyed at having won engineering at the University of Munich (he was born the valuable contract, and worried to distraction by in Trier) and graduated with honours in 1936, coming the slip in his French which had turned nine into nine­ to London a few weeks afterwards. He eventually Now available teen ! And then, typically, he saw the slip as a challenge. became Deputy Managing Director of the firm he Back in London, he started urgently to experiment. served so well and so long. on cassette The problem was to get the sugar beet pumped under the golden voice of one of much heavier pressure to the greater height without Impulse to Serve Britain's leading Cantors damage to its surface, so that it didn't 'bleed' out the However, he did not content himself with his out­ sweetness—which would frustrate the whole object of standing services to British industry, which are fully the exercise. He devised an ingenious but simple way appreciated. He also felt a strong impulse to serve the LOUIS BERKMAN of testing the process. He found a pump of his firm's German refugee commimity of which he has always manufacture in the service of the Thames water autho­ sings been a fully-conscious part. Having been particularly rity, and got permission to try his idea. He used simple successful in his career and in social integration into The Hebrew Heritage beetroot for the experiment—if it 'bled' you could see British society, he wanted to help those refugees who the red beetroot juice in the water. It didn't 'bleed', the were less fortunate and who were faced with problems Lewandowski and Sulzer pump raised the beetroot intact to the requisite nine­ as they aged. By having been, as an immigrant, old teen metres height, and the contract could be fulfilled Shabbos and High Holy Day enough to be shaped by the values of his country of with equanimity. He had snatched victory from the melodies with organ and birth yet young enough to adapt to this country which jaws of defeat and in the process had revolutionised choir accompaniment gave him refuge, he has been in a unique position to do the sugar beet processing industry. so. He has never glossed over his origin, so that his There was an unnerving sequel to this success story. personality is characterised by an organic fusion of the Available at all leading Several months after the installation of the pumps the two strands in his life. It is his loyalty to his fellow record shops or from French factory manager suddenly phoned him up, and immigrants which has prompted him to devote his Louis Berl^man told him—so far as he could grasp over the crackling energies to the cause of the AJR, despite the strenuous claims of his professional life. 40 Waterford House He joined the Executive of the AJ R in 1968, but it was 110 Kensington Park Road in the seventies that his services to the cause became London W11 2PJ intensely focused. He is now one of the mainstays of Telephone 01-727 6864 our organisation, and his duties include constant DISC OR CASSETTE £5.80 Make at least one friend— participation in the day-by-day administration. As Hon. Treasurer of the AJR, he keeps a close plus 90p p & p watch on financial developments, which is also the case with his activity as Trustee of the AJR Charitable Also availabfe enrol as a Trust. With his valuable experience gained in large Louis Berltman in Bloch's Sacred commercial firmsh e makes constructive proposals, and Service with the London Symphony his attention to detail leads him to the danger spots. Orchestra and the Zemel Choir (Berlin- inferiority in the face of so much distinction, playing ear, nose and throat specialist who, born and bred in Dahlem in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Biology, he down the importance of their father's professional Gleiwitz/Upper Silesia, had settled in the North was a modest, thoughtful youth, very intelligent and standing and pointing out that in many ways—as her German town of Hildesheim. Young Hans had decided already wise in spite of his youth. At the twginning of husband was the first to admit—he was quite ordinary. early to follow in his father's footsteps and become a his four years' visit you could not see who he was. But Hans, who had worked with his team of dedicated doctor, and was strengthened in his resolve when he at the end you could. Nearly 40 years later I met him scientists almost to the last day of his life at his Oxford read in Homer's Iliad of Machaon, the wounded field in Dublin at an important meeting. He was now Sir laboratory, was often asked by friends and colleagues, surgeon who was quickly carried to safety, "for a doc­ Hans and the chairman of the meeting. Few scientists "Why do you carry on working? Why aren't you tor is not one life, but the lives of many." were more famous. How civilized he is, I thought, if I enjoying yourself? Why are you not doing all the Very Hard Work compared him even with myself." things you wanted to do earlier in life ?" Such questions That feeling overcame me, too, when on a hot could, as he says, only be asked by people who had The young schoolboy's powers of observation, so Sunday afternoon, dressed in shorts, Hans showed me never experienced the profound satisfaction and enjoy­ important in a future research worker, showed them­ round the garden at his home in Iffley near Oxford. A ment to be derived from creative work. And to the selves early. When learning to play the piano—a keen gardener, he pointed out to me the various trees, suggestion that listening to more music (which he hobby Hans cherished to the end of his days—he had shrubs and flowers, some originating from the garden loved) would give him supreme joy, he could only to admit to himself that no matter how hard one tried, of his youth in Hildesheim, that had survived the reply how much greater the joy of creating music must the standards in technique and interpretation that can bombed family home. On the occasion of his visit in be, quoting Noel Coward: "Work is fun; there is no be achieved necessarily vary from person to person, 1949 he had found it reduced to a heap of rubble, over­ fun like work!" which means—as he later formulated it—that innate grown by trees, bushes and weeds. Whilst talking and A suitable epitaph for this outstanding member of talent, i.e. genetic factors set a limit to the proficiency walking along the garden paths he gathered into a the Krebs family, and the larger family of mankind, which can be attained in any field, and that even those basket luscious gooseberries which, with old-worldly could well read like that written by him for his teacher who are gifted can reach and maintain their peak only chivalry, he later offered me as refreshment. Otto Warburg, of whom, as he wrote, it may be said, by very hard work. He was not a believer in effortless As to his second maxim "Never put off till t-o as Goethe said of Faust, he was one of those "who superiority. morrow what you can do today", this possibly saved never ceased to strive", and thus, like Faust, he was a After his father it was Otto Warburg (1883-1970), his life. When he was an assistant and later Privatdozent good man. His own last words in his book of reminis­ the world-famous biochemist who exercised the at the Department of Medicine in the University of cences reveal him as a man blessed with the humility greatest influence on the young doctor, when in 1925, Freiburg, driven by a sense of urgency, he completed of the great: after his years of medical study at the Universities of his research, which at the beginning of 1932—a year "So I set out expecting nothing special from life—as Goettingen, Freiburg, Munich and Berlin, he was before Hitler came to power—led to the discovery of I had been brought up to do—except to survive by my accepted by him as a temporary research assistant at the first identifiable metabolic cycle. This subsequently own efforts. But because I have had more than my the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute fuer Biologic at Berlin- proved to be of crucial importance to him, since it was share of luck, and a lucky constellation of genes, life RemMscenees and Reflections. Sir Hans Krebs. Oxford, £12.50. recognised by Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, Pro­ has felt special indeed." AJR INFORMATION April 1982 Page?

William Guttmann KATE FRANKENTHAL Dr. Kate Frankenthal (1889-1976) must have been one of the first women medical practitioners in Wilhelm's Germany. Hailing from a well-to-do Jewish family at Kiel, she must also have been among the first of her kind to join the socialist movement. She THE KARL MARX STORY certainly was the first woman notorious for chain­ smoking cigars. At the outbreak of war in 1914 she tried to join the military medical service of her country, but the strict regulations of old Prussia did not foresee such revolutionary novelties as wounded soldiers being treated by a woman doctor. So she served in the Before deciding to write his massive Marx biography semitic, and the suggestion has been made rather Austro-Himgarian army hospitals in Galicia and ("Karl Marx—Sein Leben und seine Zeit", edited by vaguely that this was due to Jewish "self-hatred". Dalmatia. Christine Soetbeer, published by R. Piper & Co., Indeed Marx denounced and vilified the Jewish finan­ During the Weimar Republic Dr. Frankenthal Munich 1981, DM48) the late Richard Friedenthal (he ciers of his day, the Rothschilds in particular, as the worked as Fiirsorgearzt in the Berlin borough of died in 1979) had contemplated a work on the micro­ personification of the scourge of capitalism. The com­ Neukoln. She joined the Berlin town council as an cosm of emigrants from all corners of the world living bination of Marx seeing the Jews as the incarnation of SPD member, and later for a short time sat in the in London in the 19th century. Of course, he himself the evils of capitalism and he himself being denounced Prussian Diet, but within the SPD she was always in had lived and worked for many years as a refugee in as the incarnation of the evils of communism has cer­ opposition to official policy, which she criticized as London, and so ultimately his interest concentrated on tainly become a weapon in the armoury of contem­ half-hearted and excessively influenced by nationalist Marx, the fellow exile who bad spent more than half porary antisemitism. thinking. Consequently, in 1931 she exchanged his life, and produced most of his work, in the British On a lower level Marx had always been free with membership in the SPD for memlDership in the newly metropolis. Thus Friedenthal's book, scholarly and vulgar antisemitic taunts to vilify any pet enemy, for created and more radical Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei based on wide-ranging research, is in some ways a very instance calling Lassalle "a Jewish nigger", "Baron (SAP), but was careful to immediately join the personal one, the narrator taking his listeners into his Itzig" or "Ephraim Gescheit". Friedenthal discusses opposition in that party as well. Years of extreme confidence, explaining his approach to a particular the point at soma length and concludes that, however misery in exile followed without any possibility of situation and problem, the complexity and difficulty of inexcusable Marx's behaviour is, it is comprehensible; working in her field—first in Prague, then Paris, certain aspects of the narrative, anticipating and going it is, he thinks, largely a matter of tact and taste—bad Ziirich, and Prague again, where she could make forwards and backwards in order to make things taste. This is a debatable point, but it is true that tact herself useful in helping Marie Schmolka to care for easier for the reader and hold his attention. was not Marx's strong suit, and he was liberal in the refugees from Germany. In 1936 she emigrated to the He emphasises that "criticism of Marxist teaching is use of a vocabulary of obscenities and vilification on United States, but it took years before training in not my theme—I am concerned with his life and his anybody who aroused his temporary displeasure, for psycho-analytical treatment offered her the basis of a times;" but he does convey in terms that are not too instance calling his fellow exiles on occasion asses, normal livelihood. taxing for the ordinary reader the gist of Marx's emigration swine, guano. And with his scholarly bent In 1940, she wrote an autobiography and we thoughts (though a study in depth of Das Kapital was and his intellectual curiosity (Friedenthal gives many must be grateful to its editors that the memoirs of this cut short by his death) and actions, not without examples of his almost inordinate thirst for knowledge, extraordinary woman—a book of absorbing interest— revealing his own opinions by some ironical remark or the time and effort he spent on studying any subject could be published now after all those years (Kate a subtle turn of phrase—a method also used with that had aroused his curiosity) he made a special study Frankenthal, Der dreifache Fluch: Jiidin, Intellektuelle, regard to personalities and events. of "Grobianism"—the use of rude language, in Sozialistin, Lebenserinnerungen einer Aerztin in Marx's life and times—1818 to 1883 to be precise— German 16th century literature. Deutschland und im Exil, Herausgegeben von conjure up a vast panorama of historical events; wars, Kathleen M. Pearle und Stephan Leibfried, Campus- revolutions, the march of technology and industry on Verlag, Frankfurt 1981, 320 pp., DM28). the one hand; on the other a long parade of outstand­ Rude and Tactless J. W. BRUEGEL ing personalities, the friends and foes of the master, Even to the people of his host country he was not headed of course by Friedrich Engels, Ferdinand very considerate or tactful. He liked living and work­ Lassalle, Heinrich Heine, Ludwig Boerne, Ferdinand ing in England (where the authorities left him in peace Freiligrath, Georg Herwegh, Bakunin, to mention considering him harmless from a security point of Remember only a few, his family and the multitude of others, view) but never learned the language to perfection famous, infamous or forgotten, who played a part in (using a sort of Emigranto) and showed little interest Israel Marx's world. in making contact with the local population. He It is a fruitful field for the storyteller, for his zest and remained very much of a German. There is a story of enthusiasm and perhaps a measure of self indulgence; a pub crawl up Tottenham Court Road with his hioon So Israel may remember you and every now and then he stops for an aside, a piece companions when he addressed some Englishmen on of information that arouses his curiosity such as the the superiority of German science and music, saying, operation of pawnbrokers in London, the role of "Englishmen, who had no music, were in reality far If you wish Israel and Jewish tailors or emigrant artisans in the Labour movement, below the Germans". Organisations to benefit by your the grisettes and the German "guestworkers" in Paris, Immersed in his lofty ideas and his ultimate aims he the origins of the Red Cross, and so on. It is all very was in many ways remote from reality. Campaigning Will, why not consult us? colourful and no doubt revealing background material, for the working classes, having studied all the statistics We have a special knowledge of but it helps to swell the book to its length of over 600 about their conditions, he hardly had any direct con­ pages. tact with them. One fellow socialist told him: "The the problems and needs of In the midst of all this stands Marx himself, the misery of the workers, the hunger of the poor is for Jewish Clients, and can help you revolutionary and agitator, philosopher and scholar, you only of scientific, doctrinal interest". the genius who profoundly influenced history. He was His life style in fact was always rather bourgeois, or your Solicitor to carry out your a man full of contradictions, a German Jew and social­ even snobbish, witness his preference for well-tailored ist exiled in a foreign land and in a non-Jewish and suits and a gold-rimmed monocle, and he knew poverty intentions. bourgeois world, a man of many hatreds and a loving only because he tended to live beyond his means, paterfamilias. largely at the expense of others, friend and collaborator For further information and He came from a Jewish family with many rabbis Friedrich Engels above all. The great economist, the advice, without obligation and among its ancestry (which may or may not have had a man whose thirst for knowledge drove him in his bearing on Karl's intellectual make-up) but the father mature years to study higher mathematics (apart from free of charge, please apply to: abandoned his faith and Karl was baptised as a child, a plethora of other subjects) was not very good at forever remaining detached from any Jewish link. He figures, unable to balance his budget and often forced Mr H. Rothman (Director) enjoyed a happy childhood in the harmonious and to take the family silver to the pawnbrokers. K.K.L. Executor & Trustee Co. Ltd. prosperous home and at school, indeed he was not In many ways Karl Marx was, to put it mildly, not a ''eset by any difficulties of the adolescent which could very attractive personality and Richard Friedenthal's Harold Poster House, have left their mark and caused problems in his later portrait shows him warts and all. But there is also the Kingsbury Circle, development. other Marx, the loving husband and father, fond of London NW9 9SP. Yet perhaps it was that strenuously rejected Jewish children and animals. And, after all, genius has its own background which was responsible for later attitudes laws and cannot be judged by the standards that are Telephone: 01-204 9911, Ext: 36 *hich exposed Marx to the accusation of being anti­ valid for ordinary mortals. Pages AJR INFORMATION April 1982

STAMPS FEATURE "STATE MARTYRS" Israel is to honour some of those who died in the NEWS FROM ISRAEL struggle for the State by issuing a series of martjo' stamps. Among those who will be recalled in this fashion are Hannah Senesh, who parachuted into Hungary during the Second World War, Elie Cohen, the Israeli spy executed in 1965, several members of Irgun Zvai Leumi and two of the Stern Gang who "ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION" ON FILM human bones are found. This in its tum led to an were executed for murdering Lord Moyne. Kibbutz Lohamei Hagetaot has produced a docu­ archaeologists' protest demonstration outside the mentary film on the "illegal immigration" into Knesset. NONAGENARIAN EMIGRATES TO ISRAEL Palestine. Entitled "The Last Sea", the fihn shows Life president of Sutton Synagogue, Josef Cohen displaced Jewish survivors returning to their ruined has decided to make his life in Israel—at the age of 90. homes in Eastem Europe at the end of the Second HOESS CONFESSION AT YAD VASHEM Mr. Cohen came from Germany with his family in World War, the post-war Polish pogroms, the long 1939 and established a firm dealing in cardboard. He trek on foot across Europe and the refusal of entry When Rudolf Hoess, the notorious commandant of and his daughter recently left England for Israel, when they finally reached Palestine. "The Last Sea" is Auschwitz, sought safety in a sugar mill after where he has grandchildren and great-grandchildren Germany's defeat, he was traced to his hiding-place living. two hours long, but those who were present at a show­ by two members of the British Army Intelligence ing organised by the Friends of Israel Educational Corps, one of whom was Karl Abrahams. Mr. TREPPER'S POSTHUMOUS AWARD Trust were silent and engrossed until the very last Abrahams preserved Hoess's signed confession and "Red Orchestra" leader Leopold Trepper has been moment. after his death in 1980, Mr. Abrahams' widow sent the posthumously awarded the emblem of Israeh fighters, document, together with a Hitler autograph, to tbe Ot Halochem. One month after his death his widow Yad Vashem Holocaust memorial archives. received the badge from Defence Minister Ariel OPPOSITION TO PIRATE RADIO Sharon at a special ceremony. However, former Pirate radio transmissions from Abie Nathan's partisans criticised the delay in recognising Trepper's "peace ship" operating outside Israeli waters have IVflLLION AND A HALF FINE STILL UNPAID fight against Nazism in view of the fact that he had lived proved very popular with young Israelis. But winter in Israel for seven years before his death, and that his storms forced him to put into port and a special bill Nearly one and a half million pounds sterling is still was one of the boldest and most successful under­ has been put before the Knesset to enable him to con­ owed by Yehoshua Bension, the general manager of cover actions against the Nazi state. tinue broadcasting his pop music programme from an the former Israel-British Bank. The money represents a fine imposed by the Supreme Israeli port. However, this has aroused the anger of "JEWISH LIFE" DISPLAY IN ESSEN Agudat Isreiel which has warned that if the legislation Court over six years ago, following Bension's convic­ is passed the party would be free to vote with the tion for embezzlement. The prison sentence of 12 years Nearly two years ago, the Old Synagogue in Essen opposition in the Knesset on a number of issues. then pronounced against him was remitted in 1977 on was re-opened by the joint efforts of the city autho­ Agudat Israel feels that the pirate broadcasts have the recommendation of Mr. Begin, then acting Justice rities and the Jewish community as a permanent exhibi­ nothing to do with Israel or Judaism and are a desecra­ Minister as well as Prime Minister. Now the bank's tion devoted to resistance and persecution in Essen tion of the Sabbath. receivers have obtained a power of attorney, after a during the Third Reich. On the fortieth anniversary of legal struggle with Bension, to help them to discover the Wannsee Conference, a further special exhibition Meanwhile, Mr. Nathan has threatened either to whether he has money "salted away" overseas. celebrating "Jewish Life" was mounted under the take his "peace ship" into Northern Irish waters or to direction of Benno Reicher. The four separate but sink her off the Tel Aviv coast. The bill allowing him related themes of the display comprise the building to broadcast from an Israeli port having apparently and furnishing of a prayer-room as it would have run aground in a Knesset committee, the former Tel ANTHEM FOR PALESTINIANS appeared before the 1940s; everyday Jewish life in its Aviv restaurateur and RAF pilot is reported to have The Palestine Liberation Organisation has acquired religious aspects, including paintings by Oppenheim sold his flat in Israel and left for Belfast. its own "national anthem". Written by the Greek and Kaufmann; architectural drawings and models of Another bill introduced by the Agudat Israel Party composer Mikis Theodorakis, it is entitled "Road to synagogues throughout Central Europe; and a section is intended to halt archaeological digging wherever Jerusalem". on antisemitic cartoons and leaflets.

France ^ Germany's Finest Wines w/ith the compliments of with the compliments of SHIPPED BY HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN BABINGTON-RIGHMOND I am able to offer you a superb selection of French (incl. Kostier Taxation and Investment Consultant Alsace) and German wines, shipped by the famous importers, House of (Hallgarten, and to advise Pafra you personally and help you with 205, Station Road, your wine purchases. The selection Harrow, HA1 2TP synthetic adhesives ranges from your everyday wines 01-427 4472 adhesive applicators to the finest for your special Simcha. Delivery to all U.K. addresses Pafra Limited 113, High Street, Bentalls. Basildon Please write or phone : Berkhamstead, JUSTIN GOLDMEIER Herts, HP4 2DJ Essex. SSI 4 3BU Wine Merchant Berkhamstead 75480 22 Pennine Drive, London, N.W.S Tel: 01-455 8672 AJR INFORMATION April 1982 Page 9

STILL NO HEINE UNIVERSITY NEWS FROM GERMANY AND AUSTRIA The Constitutional Committee of the University of Duesseldorf has rejected by a majority of 44 against 41 the renaming of the University after Duesseldorf's most famous son. Details will be reported in the next issue. CONTRASTS OF LEFT AND RIGHT PEOPLE'S COURT JUDGES INVESTIGATED The Bonn Interior Ministry has recently carried out Investigations are currently proceeding in West "PEOPLE'S LABOUR PARTY" BANNED a survey of the life stories of 227 left-wing terrorists Berlin against 74 former judges and lawyers from the Declaring that the movement wished to revive with a comparative analysis of the careers of 23 violent National Socialist "People's Court". At present 2,000 Nazism, the West German Minister of the Interior has criminals on the right-wing. The right-wingers, the cases are being studied to decide whether the judge­ issued an order banning the Volkssozialistische analysis shows, are mostly of a low educational level, ments given during the Third Reich were according to Bewegung Deutschlands Partei der Arbeit. there are no women among them and they are usually the law, and it is not expected that there will be any AUSTIUA attracted to the movement by the cult of uniforms, early prosecution. The Federal Minister of Justice has Terror Threats against Chancellor romantic notions of heroism and struggle, and the admitted that the public's sense of justice has been Threats have been made to the life of Dr. Bruno masculine nature of the groups. By contrast, the left- damaged, since there has not been a single conviction Kreisky, the Austrian Chancellor, following the con­ wing terrorists tend to come from a middle-class against any member of a People's Court. It is over two viction of two Palestinian terrorists who were sentenced envirorunent with pretensions to education—indeed years since the investigation started and a year after to life imprisonment for their part in the bombing of their parents often over ambitiously drive them to its inception documents were provided by the East the Seitenstettengasse synagogue. Al Assifa presented educational achievements beyond their powers. It is German Attorney General from the Deutsches the Austrian government with an ultimatum, demand­ the consequent disappointment coupled with a desire Zentralarchiv in Potsdam. ing the release of the two criminals, calling on Austria to rise that seems to ije a striking feature in their lives. not to accept a PLO representative appointed by Women members, often with high academic qualifica­ CIVIL SERVANT DISMISSED Yasser Arafat, and stating that if these demands were tions, are a commonplace among the left-wingers. FROM LAW POST not met the life of the Chancellor would be in danger. However, the survey comes to the conclusion that By his active membership of the National Demo­ Dr. Kreisky has called the affair a "monstrous imper­ "there is no typical terrorist, nor a typical terrorist cratic Party, an extreme right-wing group, Hans- tinence" and says that Austria will not be blackmailed. career". It notes that, before turning to violence, many JUrgen Beimler violated the loyalty he owed to the Meanwhile security forces have been put on full alert. of the young people concerned had lived in communes democratic state of the Federal Republic of Germany. The Belgian government has asked Austria to extra­ and other closed groups, which induced them to see This was the ruling of a Regensburg court a few weeks dite both terrorists to stand trial for the murder last the world in black and white, friend and foe, so that ago, the first time such a pronouncement has been June of the PLO representative in Brussels. injuring or even murdering their fellow beings could made by a West German court although many hun­ be seen as justified, if not a positive duty. But the dred German functionaries are known to belong to the Chancellor's Moves on Middle East Interior Ministry's analysis emphasises that terrorism NDP. Beimler, aged 37 and a chief inspector in the On a later visit to the Gulf States, the Austrian in no way represents a "revolution of madmen". legal department of the Rhineland Palatinate, had Chancellor Dr. Bruno Kreisky had a meeting with been a leading memtwr of the party for the last 13 Yasser Arafat at which, the Chancellor said, all years and had frequently been warned and reprimanded misunderstandings with the PLO had been settled. SS-MAN'S TRIAL TO BE RE-OPENED for acting as an official within the NDP. The court Dr. Kreisky has also, at his own request, been meeting After three-and-a-half years, the Frankfurt trial of considered that he had identified himself with the anti- prominent Israelis to discuss the Middle East situation. Horst Czerwinski for murdering eight Russian constitutional aims of the party and had thereby made He has held conversations with Dr. Josef Burg and prisoners was halted on the grounds of the accused's himself unsuitable for employment as a civil servant. Mordecai Gur, among others. poor health. Now, over a year later, he has been certi­ Accordingly it ordered that he should be dismissed Austrians Help to Restore Worms Prayerbook fied as fit to stand trial and the proceedings will re-open from his post. in August. Czerwinski, a Nazi SS sergeant, is alleged A historic relic, the Machzor of Worms, has recently to have committed the crime in 1943 at Lagische, a JOACHIM BUST RESTORED EM BERLIN undergone restoration in a joint Israeli-Austrian pro­ lub-camp of Auschwitz. ject. Written and illuminated on parchment and dating New trials will open in August this year of Wilhelm A second cast of the bronze bust of the great violinist from 1272, the manuscript is one of the few decorated Westerheid, formerly a Nazi district commissioner, and founder-director of the Hochschule fiir Musik in prayerbooks surviving from mediaeval Europe. It was and his secretary at the time, Johann Z«lle. In 1979, Berlin, Joseph Joachim, was recently dedicated in a used by cantors of the Worms community for over 650 both were acquitted of complicity in the murder of ceremony held at No. 1 Fasanenstrasse in the city, in years and it seems almost miraculous that it could have 9,000 Jews in the Ukraine during the war. Following a survived the pogroms and f)ersecution of the Third honour of his 150th birthday, and in the presence of Reich. The book is now in the possession of the Jewish prosecution appeal, the West German Supreme Court his grandchildren and great-grandchildren. The ori­ ordered a re-trial almost two years ago. National and University Library in Jerusalem, where ginal bust had been removed by the Nazis in 1936 and most of the restoration work was carried out. The had disappeared, the second cast being provided by decision to repair was taken on the advice of Professor NO CLUE TO LUEBECK VANDALS the Karl Klingler Stiftung, Prof. Klingler having been Otto Wachter, director of the Austrian National On several occasions during the past year, the a pupil of Joachim. Library's restoration department, and some of the Jewish cemetery in Luiseck has been desecrated and pages were sent to Vienna so that he could supervise MEDAL FOR SHALOM BEN-CHORIN the special treatment required. An Austrian-Jewish swastikas scrawled on the gravestones. The police have philanthropist. Max Berger, provided part of the funds no clue to the perpetrators. After Munich-born Fritz Rosenthal emigrated to necessary to enable the work to be carried out. Palestine in 1935, he became well-known as Shalom Ben-Chorin, joumalist, scholar and philosopher. Now New Head for Vienna Community the German Co-Ordinating Council of Societies for The Socialist Bund Werkta tiger Juden no longer Christian-Jewish Co-Operation have awarded him this controls the Jewish Community Council in Vienna. year's Buber-Rosenzweig medal. Mr. Ben-Chorin's An opposition list headed by Simon Wiesenthal of the "Germania Hebraica", a collection of essays and lec­ Jewish Documentation Centie now holds 11 of the 23 tures on Jewish-German relations, has just been pub­ Council seats. Support from only one of the religious lished by Bleicher-Verlag, Gerlingen. splinter groups on the Council will ensure a majority against the Socialists. Mr. Wiesenthal has no wish to JEWS IN GIESSEN be President of the Community and Dr. Ivan Hacker, the B'nai B'rith president, is expected to succeed to the The author of the documentary record of the position. "Judische Bevoikerung Giessens 1933-1945", Prof. Dr. E. Knauss, is now preparing the third edition of Austria to Hear "Last Waltz" the book and would be grateful for information from At a reception in London held under the auspices of or about former Giessen residents living in Britain. the Balfour Diamond Jubilee Trust, George Clare, the winner of the W. H. Smith Literary Award, con­ The inforination should be sent to the Stadtarchiv fessed that he had been "staggered" by the public res­ Giessen, Berliner Platz 1,6300 Giessen, West Germany. ponse to "Last Waltz in Vienna", telling of the rise and Dr. Rnauss, the city archivist, also wishes to inform fall of his Viermese family. He went on to say that former Jewish citizens of Giessen that they are invited although his book criticised Austria, it had been to the unveiling of the Memorial to the Victims of the favourably received there and was to be serialised on Holocaust in the week of 25-31 August. The guests the Austrian broadcsating service. will be accommodated privately with Giessen families and kosher food will be provided where required. CAMPS Some funds, though limited, are available to help INTERNMENT-P.O.W.— those who cannot afford the travel expenses. During FORCED LABOUR-KZ the week other events and trips will be arranged. Every I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded post­ former Jewish citizen of Giessen who writes to the marked letters from all camps of both world wara. Magistrat der Stadt Giessen, Berliner Platz I, 6300 Please send, registered mall, stating price, to; Giessen, before May 31, will receive a personal invita­ 14 Rosslyn Hill, London, NW} 1PF tion including the details of the programme. PETER C. RICKENBACK Page 10 AJR INFORMATION April 1982 OBITUARIES

LOTTE REIZENSTEIN MRS. GERTRUDE SALAMAN LILIAN GLADYS GRUNWALD I have visited Miss Reizenstein's exhibitions several Mrs. Gertrude Salaman, who died a few weeks ago, Lilian Grunwald died recently in London at the age times and I have seen her works in her own flat. The at the age of 95, became active in public life as a young of 81. From her Viennese youth onwards she devoted strongest impression was of the wholehearted dedica­ woman. First a Suffragette and then a wartime VAD, much of her energy to working with Jewish children in she married the eminent biologist Dr. Redcliffe various places and capacities and pioneered the tion of the artist to her craft and art. But, there was Salaman in 1926 and was his mainstay in his rescue Montessori method. She established her own kinder­ also that mood of serenity, of joy, of love of nature work for refugees from Nazism in the '30s. Their joint garten, taught older children and worked at remedial that pervaded her canvases. Miss Reizenstein, who endeavours made possible the immigration of many problems. She married Robert Grunwald, the collab­ died in February, was born in Nuernberg in 1904. scientists into Britain. orator of Bertolt Brecht, and came to England with Although her father was a collector, her parents did her husband and small daughter in July 1939. Here she not easily welcome the prospect of their daughter LEON MICHAEL HERTZ was warden of a refugee hostel, school and kinder­ becoming a painter. Her own energy overcame those Last surviving son of the late Chief Rabbi, Leon garten. obstacles. She loved the world as something visible Michael Hertz died recently in Haifa. After spending that was crying out to bie celebrated on paper or can­ the early part of his life in England, he emigrated to LUDWIG WOLPERT vas. Miss Reizenstein travelled a lot, particularly in Palestine in 1935 but was later posted to the London A native of Heidelberg, Ludwig Wolpert has died in office of Barclays Bank. A profound interest in the New York at the age of 81. He studied sculpture and Italy and Spain, where there were bright colours, sun visual arts and in archaeology led to Mr. Hertz joining and light. metalwork in Frankfurt and emigrated to Palestine in the committee of the Jewish Museum in London. In 1933, where he became Professor of Metalcraft at the But Lotte was not onesided or narrow. She was an recent years he had divided his time between London Bezalel School for Arts and Crafts in Jerusalem. Later excellent draughtswoman and used this gift to work and Israel. he went to New York, where he held the post of resi­ for industry. She designed dresses, handbags, paper dent artist for the Tobe Pascher Workshop at the napkins and other objects of daily use. POLISH EXILES MADE THEIR MARK Jewish Museum, New York. But behind this optimistic and luminous facade was Two Polish exiles, each of whom was of some a heart conscious of the conflicts and tragedies of life. significance in the Second World War and after, died recently in London within a few days of each other. EINSTEIN'S NEIGHBOUR Thus she had a deep love for Kaethe Kollwitz. AT SOBELL CENTRE She did not shun the terrible problems of our world. Dr. Tadeusz Bielecki, who was 81, formed the exile "anti-Yalta Government" in 1943, which eventually Devices to help the handicapped are the stock-in- She could be called a socialist humanist, her wide became the focus of emigre-Polish activity. Dr. trade of a tiny shop recently opened at the Sobell reading, her long conversations with likeminded Bielecki was president of the Polish Council of centre. The voluntary manageress is Miss Trudel Levi, friends testify to it. The light she produced will glow National Unity up to 1972. who is herself an arthritis sufferer, and who was a in us for a long time yet. ALFONS ROSENBERG The work of 72-year-old Professor Adam Scibor- midwife and matron of the Highbury Baby Home Rylski has had a lasting effect on vehicle design. He from 1939 until 1975. But that was not her first career: ANNY GUTMANN was a world authority on aerodynamics. During the born in Mannheim, Trudel Levi trained as a kinder­ Anny Gutmann, perhaps tietter known under her war he escaped from Poland and his talents were garten teacher and later became a tutor at several pen-name of Anny Latour, has died in Paris at the age exploited by the Allies to increase airborne troop Jewish schools. Among these was the school at Caputh of 83. Born in Graz, Anny Gutmann became a leader effectiveness and in designing military aircraft. near Berlin and there she came to know Albert of the Resistance during the years of the Second World Einstein, who lived nearby. Today, in addition to running the shop, she checks laundry at the Sobell War and after 1945 she wrote a number of books, LEGACIES including "Jewish Resistance in France". In later life, centre, organises first aid equipment there, collects she developed a deep interest in fostering Christian- The AJR Charitable Trust received a legacy of books to raise money and drives round London once Jewish relations and the cause of ecumenism. £1,000 from the estate of the late Mrs. Erna Auerharm. a week in her invalid car to distribute charity.

FAMILY EVENTS In^Memoriam Situations Vacant Personal Enquiries Entries in the column Family Events Sinai:— In cherished memory of a WE WOULD WELCOME hearing Lobell (nee Polack):— Irma Balkind, of are free of charge: any voluntary dearly loved wife "Rose", who passed from more ladies who would be willing 97, Kenmure Street, Glasow G41 2NT. donations would, however, be appreci­ away on Nisan 4 (17 March 1964). to shop and cook for an elderly person Telephone 041-429 5280 is looking for ated. Texts should he sent in by 15th Never to be forgotten by her still in their neighbourhood on a temporary Hedy Lobell nee Polack, of Patzma- of the month. grieving husband, children and grand­ or permanent basis. Current rate of pay nitengasse, Vienna, last known address children. £2.00 per hour. Please ring Mrs. Matus 103, Messina Avenue, Kilburn, London, 01-624 4449, AJR Employment, for NW6. Birthdays CLASSIFIED Appointment. ZWICKAU compensation case. Would Basson:— Mrs. Jannette Basson will be The charge in these columns is SOp for anyone knowing Zwickau please contact 95 on the 16th April. There will be a five words plus SOp for advertisements A NICE HOME OFFERED to kind small reception from 11-30 to 12-30 at efficient middle aged Continental lady, Nelki, 43; Nightingale Lane, London, under a Box No. SWl2.Telephone 673 3565. Leo Baeck House, The Bishop's Avenue, Miscellaiieous wilting to look after widower. Modern N2. labour saving house in Clayhall, Ilford. BERLIN. Suche alles aus dem juedischen Driver preferred, wages negotiable, Berlin: Buecher, Ansichtskarten, Fotos, references required. Telephone 551 4281. D. K. PAINTERS Fabian:— Mrs. Frieda Fabian, of 1, Broschueren und Kalender. Besonders Decorators & Home Improvements Elmcroft Crescent, NWU will be Gemeindeblatt, Mitteilungsblatt der LADY COMPANION, refined, wanted celebrating her 85th birthday on the Reformgemeinde, Gemeindeveroeffent- by widow for Saturdays and Sundays Telephone for free estimates 14th April. lichungen. Ausserdem suche ich from 2-6 pm. Only for company and juedische Jugendbuecher. Bitte schicken going out. £1.60 per hour. Box 916. 904 8172 Philippson:— Dr. Johanna Philippson, Sie mir eine Karte mit Angaben. Nicola of 50, Ashness Gardens, Greenford, Galliner, 27 Walsingham, St. Johns Personal Middlesex, will celebrate her 95th birth­ Wood Park, London NWS. GENTLEMAN SEEKS orthodox lady, day on 23 April. REVLON MANICURIST. Will visit •

GERSHOM SCHOLEM Letters to the Editor Gershom Scholem, one of the great creative scholars "A NEW LUDWIG GUTTMANN—STRASSE" in Munich and forced to read "Zwei lebende Mauern" by of this century, died in Jerusalem in February at the Sir,—In your March issue you state "a street has Herbert Sulzbach . . . arui here you missed the 2nd aitd age of 84. Born in Berlin, he originally studied mathe­ been renamed in Ludwigshafen after Sir Ludwig Gutt­ stranger story: "...I must have got about half way through matics in Berlin and Jena and then graduated in Semitic mann" the first town in Germany to honour the famous it, when on Monday, 30th April 1945, at the ripe old age of 11 years I became a PO W of the Americans. My assault studies at Munich. He emigrated to Palestine in 1923 neurophysician in this way". Ludwigshafen was not the and two years later was appointed Professor of Jewish first town in Germany to do so. pack was searched, which also contained this book. An In a letter to me, dated 17th April 1979, Ludwig American lieutenant thumbed through it and then threw Mysticism at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Guttmarm, a member of our Fraternity, wrote inter alia it into the river Isar. Thus, 36 years later I have at long Prof. Scholem is considered to have created the sub­ "In Heidelberg there is a Ludwig Guttmann Strasse and last had the opportunity to finish reading a book begun ject of Jewish mysticism, which had been ignored or also in Doom, Holland, the Doctor Guttmann Avenue." in 1945 . . . In any case I wish the book the good sales it shunned in orthodox circles, and was imknown, except 17 Tenterden Drive, (Dr.) L. NELKEN deserves." So the 2nd point is: the Allies believed my as an occult matter, in the non-Jewish world. Scholem NW4 lEA Chairman K. C. in Great Britain book to be too German or too patriotic arui destroyed turned it into a field of profound interest and impor­ it . . . So, the Nazis recommended it zum Durchhalten tance through the use of strictly scholarly methods, and the Americans forbade it as too kriegerisch. Yet, the STORY BEHIND STORY last review here, Dec. 1981, is headlined "A story of ascertaining the authorship and significance of Sefer HaZohar (The Book of Splendour) and of other Sir,—Ref. page 2, your issue of March 1982, love . . ." "German-Jewish Author recommended by Nazis". 54 AtDerdare Gardens, kabbalistic texts which he discovered or rediscovered First—to put matters right: My Diaries, 1914-18, 50 London, N.W.3 HERBERT SULZBACH and expounded. He added a whole new dimension to Months on the Western Front (not "reminiscences", Jewish studies which has had an impact far beyond its written after the war!) were published in Berlin in 1934 CHILDREN'S VILLAGE original scholarly field. "Major Trends in Jewish and the book was praised "sky high" by the Nazi press! Sir,— With reference to your announcement on page Mysticism" his best known book, has become a classic TTie English translation was re-published (2nd edition) 9 of the February edition of AJR Information about the and was dedicated to his close friend Walter Benjamin. last summer (Not a few years ago) and the German establishment of an SOS Children's Village at Arad, I He was also interested in Jewish messianic movements, Embassy purchased a few himdred copies, of which a am pleased to inform your readers that facilities for UK and wrote a majestic study of Shabbetai Zvi, the false copy each was sent to the HistoryDept. of every British residents to sponsor this village are available. Anyone messiah who started a mass movement in the seven­ university! The recipient—not,as you say,"now attached interested in helping in this way should contact me at to York University"—was and is the Head of the History SOS Children's Village UK, 64 King Street, Cambridge. teenth century. He was also a great teacher and left Dept. University of York! In 1945 he was a Hitler-Pimpf STEVE BLYTON many students to carry on his work.

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ROUND AND ABOUT THE ARTS THEATRE AND CULTURE Anselm Kiefer, a young German painter of allego­ rical scenes and landscapes, will be having his first Nostalgic MusicaL One of the great films of the in Berlin for some 25 years, and in Munich under exhibition in England at the Whitechapel Art Gallery Thirties, "Maskerade" which starred Paula Wessely Juergen Fehling. The death in London at the age of until 2 May. and Anton Walbrook (then Adolf Wohlbrijck) is 74, of Dr. Heinz Beran is profoundly regretted, in An outstanding exhibition of works by the German being made into a musical with music by the Austrian particular by all who knew his charming and always Expressionists, including Beckmann, Corinth, Dix, cabaretist Georg Kreisler, and is scheduled for its cheerful personality. Dr. Beran who had iDeen pro­ Heckel, Kokoschka, Liebermarm, Nolde, Pechstein, Gala Premiere at Vieima's "Josefstadt". This year, gramme organizer for the Austrian Broadcasting Schmid-Rotluff, Sohl and others, will be held from almost half-a-century after the film first appeared the Service of the BBC, and after its dissolution producer 26 March to 8 May at Leinster Fine Art, 9, Hereford Walbrook role will be sung by Eberhard Waechter of with the German service, made innumerable broad­ Road, London W2. the Vieruia State Opera. casts to the continent and with his inimitable gift for Henry Mathews, our old friend, had a comprehen­ sive exhibition of paintings, gouaches and collages at Tit-Bits. Thomas Mann's novel "Der Zauberberg", the Austro-German language gained great popularity among listeners on the other side of the charmel, who the Harrow Library in the early part of March. The acclaimed as film event of the year, starring Rod exhibition represented a year's study and attempted to Steiger and an international cast, had its first showing were enthusiastic about his fair and always individual style. give a new dimension to the idea of expressing music in Germany and Austria. Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, now and thoughts through faces, figures and movements. retired from the operatic stage, will talk to John Amis A great letter writer. Friedrich Torberg who died last year, considered himself the "last Jewish novelist Suzanne Lackner has been showing some of her about her life and career on April 28th at the Waterloo recent sculptures at the St. John's Wood Library in Room of the Royal Festival Hall. writing in German." A book, just published, called "In diesem Sinne" (Verlag Langen-Mueller, Munich) Circus Road, NW8. The exhibition was sponsored by Birthdays. Paul Hoffmann, one of the finest German- contains letters written over a period of four decades the City of Westminster Arts Council. The works, language actors, and between 1968 and 1971 director which deal with subjects concerning Jewry, the respon­ mostly representations of animals, are skilfully execu­ of the Vienna Burgtheater, is 80. Erich Leinsdorf, the sibilities of an author and anti-communism. Among ted in marble, soapstone, onyx, wood or bronze. Vienna-born conductor who before the war assisted his correspondents we find Max Brod, Alfred and ALICE SCHWAB Bruno Walter and Toscanini at the Salzburg Festival, Robert Neumaim, Werfel and Zuckmayer. Hans later worked at the "Met" in New York, and also Weigel has prefaced the book, wondering how Torl)erg became chief conductor of the Boston Symphony with his immense output of novels, translations CRAFT FAIR EXmBITION Orchestra, celebrated his 70th birthday. and theatre reviews could have found time for all Obituary. The actor Hans Hermarm Schaufuss has these beautifully written letters which are often Mrs. Sascha Landsberger will be exhibiting silk- screen prints, batik and jewellery at the 7th London died in Munich at the age of 88. Leipzig-born, enriched by satirical and acute observations. Craft Fair at the Camden Arts Centre, Arkwright Schaufuss had a long and successful career; he worked S.B. Road, NW3, on 2-4 April from 11 am to 6 pm daily.

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