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Bulletin2002.Pdf In celebration of the visit of Their Majesties The Emperor and Empress of Japan to the Czech Republic in July 2002 VELVYSLANECTVÍ JAPONSKA V âR Praha 1, Malá Strana, Maltézské námûstí 6 JEHO VELIâENSTVO CÍSA¤ AKIHITO Jejich veliãenstva japonsk˘ císafi a císafiovna pfiijela ve dnech 6. - 9. ãervence na náv‰tûvu âeské republiky Jednalo se o vÛbec první náv‰tûvu císafiského páru u nás od vzniku samostatného ãeskoslovenského státu. Císafi a císa- fiovna pob˘vali pouze v Praze, v Lichten‰tejnském paláci. Na Václavském námûstí poloÏili vûnec u sochy svatého Václava, na Staromûstské radnici pfievzali symbolick˘ klíã od hlavního mûsta, prohlédli si Smetanovu síÀ v Obecním domû, pro‰li se po Kampû a Karlovû mostû. PraÏsk˘m hradem je provedl sám prezident s první dámou. V‰ude, kde se objevili, byli srdeãnû vítáni a pozdravováni. Nûkolik ãlenÛ císafiské rodiny jsme mohli pfiivítat jiÏ dfiíve. V únoru 1932 nav‰tívil neo- ficiálnû âSR bratr císafie ·ówa (Hirohita) princ Takamacu s manÏelkou. V pováleãné historii prvním ãlenem císafiské rodiny, kter˘ nav‰tívil tehdej‰í âSSR, byl v dubnu 1985 nynûj‰í korunní princ Naruhito. A do samostatné âeské repub- liky pfiijela v fiíjnu 1996 princezna Sajako, která o 4 roky pozdûji, také v fiíjnu, nav‰tívila Slovenskou republiku. Titul tennó ( = vládce nebes) pfii- jali japon‰tí vládci poprvé v 6. nebo 7. století (v tom se názory odborníkÛ li‰í) a od tûch dob jej pouÏívají v‰ichni japon‰tí panovníci. Nelze jej pouÏít pro oznaãení císafiÛ nebo jin˘ch monarchÛ mimo Japonsko. Japonská císafiská instituce je nejstar‰í vládnoucí monarchií na svûtû. Existo- vala jiÏ na úsvitu japonsk˘ch dûjin zhruba v 5. stol.n.l. a od té doby pokra- ãuje po muÏské linii dodnes, i kdyÏ z historie známe nûkolik císafioven. JEHO VELIâENSTVO CÍSA¤ AKIHITO âeské republiky prezidenta chiv Kanceláfie Ar rému pfiíslu‰í svrchovaná moc“. jící rok odjel na svou první zahraniãní Císafi Akihito se narodil v Tokiu 23. náv‰tûvu, aby se zúãastnil korunovace prosince 1933 jako první syn císafie anglické královny AlÏbûty II., a podnikl ·ówy a císafiovny Nagako. Mûl pût ses- rovnûÏ mnoho cest po Severní Americe ter a mlad‰ího bratra. a Evropû. Svá studia dokonãil jako vyni- Jeho Veliãenstvo získalo základní a kající student v roce 1956. stfiední vzdûlání v Gaku‰úin, tehdej‰í Kromû formálního vzdûlání se císafii ‰kole Ministerstva císafiského dvora, Akihitovi dostalo zvlá‰tního ‰kolení v která se pozdûji stala soukromou insti- nejrÛznûj‰ích oblastech vûdy, jako tucí. Bûhem docházky na základní ‰kolu napfiíklad japonské dûjiny a ústavní se musel se sv˘mi spoluÏáky na ãas právo. odstûhovat z Tokia kvÛli válce. Na konci 10. dubna 1959 se korunní princ války, v roce 1945, pob˘val v horách Akihito oÏenil se sleãnou Miãiko ·oda, Nikkó. V roce 1952 vstoupil na Fakultu politic- 7. ledna 1989, po úmrtí císafie Hirohita k˘ch vûd a ekonomie (posmrtnû zvaného císafi ·ówa), nastou- univerzity Gaku‰úin. pilo na trÛn Jeho Veliãenstvo císafi Aki- Ve stejném roce se hito jako 125. císafi Japonska. Slavnostní konal obfiad pfii pfiíle- obfiad dosazení panovníka na trÛn se Ïitosti jeho dosaÏení konal v císafiském paláci 12. listopadu plnoletosti a slavnost- 1990. Obfiadu se zúãastnili zástupci ze ního udûlení titulu 158 zemí svûta, vãetnû panovníkÛ, hlav korunní princ, naãeÏ státÛ a dvou mezinárodních organizací. zaãal vykonávat ofici- V japonské ústavû stojí, Ïe císafi je ální povinnosti „symbolem státu a jednoty lidu" a jeho vypl˘vající z jeho pozice se odvozuje od „vÛle lidu, kte- postavení. Následu- Archiv Kanceláfie prezidenta âeské republiky 3 dcerou renomovaného obchodníka. Cel˘ národ byl unesen tradiãním sva- tebním obfiadem a následn˘m pfienád- hern˘m procesím s koãárem a koÀsk˘m spfieÏením. Byl to jeden z nej‰Èastnûj‰ích dnÛ v dûjinách pováleãného Japonska. Korunní princ Akihito, oddanû podpo- rovan˘ korunní princeznou Miãiko, se zhostil sv˘ch oficiálních povinností s nov˘m elánem. Vûrnû dodrÏoval po léta ctûnou císafiskou tradici a zároveÀ se vûnoval nov˘m oblastem aktivit, které pfiíslu‰ely roli korunního prince moderní doby. Za jeho silné podpory byly v roce 1965 zahájeny Národní sportovní hry Archiv Kanceláfie prezidenta âeské republiky pro tûlesnû postiÏené, které pfiinesly postiÏen˘m nové pfiíleÏitosti, jak zau- CÍSA¤ MÁ NYNÍ SYMBOLICKOU A SJEDNOCUJÍCÍ ROLI jmout roli plnohodnotn˘ch obãanÛ CÍSA¤ NEVLÁDNE A NEPANUJE spoleãnosti. Za asistence korunního prince bylo zaloÏeno udûlování v˘roãní Ústava z roku 1947 napsaná Ameri- za práci v této oblasti mu bylo v roce ceny za vynikající práci v oblasti péãe o ãany po poráÏce Japonska v II. svûtové 1980 nabídnuto ãlenství v lond˘nské handicapované dûti. Korunní princ s válce oznaãuje císafie jako „symbol státu Linnéovû spoleãnosti. Císafi se Ïivû korunní princeznou se setkali se v‰emi a jednoty lidu" – ne jako hlavu státu zajímá o pfiírodu a její ochranu. Podpo- japonsk˘mi dobrovolníky úãastnícími nebo panovníka. Císafi nemá Ïádnou ruje programy ochrany pfiírody a se projektÛ v rámci svûtové spolupráce faktickou moc. aktivnû se zajímá o projekty zab˘vající pfied jejich odjezdem do rozvojov˘ch Podle Ústavy MeidÏi, vyhlá‰ené v roce se ochranou Ïivoãi‰n˘ch druhÛ Ïijících zemí a sledovali poté jejich práci s vel- 1890, císafi Japonsku vládl. Mûl právo na pozemcích císafiského paláce. k˘m zájmem. Byla vytvofiena Nadace suverenity a byl vrchním velitelem Jejich Veliãenstva skládají básnû waka korunního prince pro studentskou armády a námofinictva. Pfied a bûhem (klasická forma poezie, kterou najdeme v˘mûnu mezi Japonskem a Havají, kde II. svûtové války nafiídila vláda lidem jiÏ v antologii Manjó‰ú z 8. století), coÏ Ïije velké mnoÏství japonsk˘ch emi- povaÏovat císafie za Ïijícího boha. je v císafiské rodinû starovûká tradice. JiÏ grantÛ. Podle souãasné ústavy vykonává role jako korunní princ a princezna vydali Korunní princ a korunní princezna ústavou vymezené se souhlasem kabi- sbírku sv˘ch básní. KaÏd˘m rokem spoleãnû nav‰tívili 37 zemí ve v‰ech netu. Tak napfi. jmenuje ministerského pofiádá císafi v paláci pfiedãítání poezie u oblastech svûta, vût‰inou jménem teh- pfiedsedu a pfiedsedu Nejvy‰‰ího soudu, pfiíleÏitosti oslavy Nového roku. Pfii tom dej‰ího císafie a císafiovny. Ve v‰ech navrÏené kabinetem. Také potvrzuje se tradiãním zpÛsobem recituje 10 zemích, které nav‰tívili, byli srdeãnû jmenování státních ministrÛ a dal‰ích básní waka z asi 20.000 básní, které vítáni a lidé pfiicházeli ocenit jejich úfiedníkÛ a pfiijímá zahraniãní velvy- císafi dostane od obyãejn˘ch lidí. Pfii skromné a upfiímné povahy. slance. Mezi jeho povinnosti dále patfií této pfiíleÏitosti se recitují samozfiejmû vyhla‰ovat zákony a smlouvy, svolávat také básnû Jejich Veliãenstev a ostatních parlament a udûlovat vyznamenání. ãlenÛ císafiské rodiny. Aãkoli ústava zakazuje vyuÏívat císafi- KaÏd˘ rok císafi Akihito, tak jako císafi skou rodinu politicky, vyvíjí císafi ãasto ·ówa, osobnû sází a sklízí r˘Ïi, tradiãní neoficiální mezinárodní aktivitu ke japonskou plodinu, na r˘Ïovém poli na zlep‰ení bilaterálních vztahÛ. pozemcích císafiského paláce. Císafiovna Zájmy Jejich Veliãenstev zahrnují chová housenky bource moru‰ového v ‰iroké oblasti vûdy a kultury. ZúãastÀují hedvábnickém centru císafiského paláce se v˘roãních pfiedávání cen Japonské a sama je krmí lístky moru‰e po vzoru akademie a Japonské akademie umûní. císafiovny Ei‰o, choti císafiova prapradû- âasto v císafiském paláci pfiijímají deãka.Takto vyprodukované hedvábí se uãence a umûlce, jakoÏ i ãleny obou uÏívá k opravám star˘ch textilií histo- akademií a nositele ¤ádu kultury. rické hodnoty, které císafiská rodina Po mnoho let provádí císafi systematic- uchovává v pokladnici ·ósóin v Nafie. kou studii mal˘ch rybek gobi, které Ïijí V urãit˘ch dnech v roce, které stano- ve sladk˘ch, brakick˘ch, i mofisk˘ch vuje tradice, vzdávají Jejich Veliãenstva vodách. Jako ãlen Japonské ichtyolo- hold císafisk˘m pfiedkÛm v palácové sva- gické spoleãnosti publikoval v ãasopise tyni a modlí se za ‰tûstí a blahobyt této spoleãnosti jiÏ 26 pfiedná‰ek. Právû japonského lidu a celého svûta. 4 JEJÍ VELIâENSTVO CÍSA¤OVNA MIâIKO JEJÍ VELIâENSTVO CÍSA¤OVNA MIâIKO ze zástupcÛ císafiské rodiny, mluvãích obou snûmoven japonského parlamentu, zástupce Nej- vy‰‰ího soudu a dal‰ích, vyslovil svÛj jednoznaãn˘ souhlas se sÀatkem, kter˘ byl vfiele pfiivítán cel˘m národem. Po sÀatku doprovázela korunní princezna Miãiko korunního prince pfii náv‰tûvách v cizích zemích, stála po jeho boku, kdyÏ pfiijímal hosty, úãastnila se mezinárod- ních akcí a tak pfiispívala k Císafiovna Miãiko, nejstar‰í dcera rozvoji mezinárodního Hidesaburóa ·ody, b˘valého prezidenta pfiátelství. Byla pfiítomna mlynáfiské spoleãnosti, se narodila v pfii nejrÛznûj‰ích slavnost- Tokiu 20. fiíjna 1934. ·odovi jsou vzdû- ních pfiíleÏitostech v celém laná rodina, ze které pocházejí dva drÏi- Japonsku. Díky setkáním telé ¤ádu za zásluhy v kultufie, nejvy‰‰í s v˘znaãn˘mi osobnostmi rÛzn˘ch sfér názvem Poprvé v horách, s ilustracemi akademické pocty propÛjãované císa- pochopila do hloubky rÛzné problémy. Wako Takedy. V r. 1992 vy‰la v Japon- fiem vynikajícím uãencÛm. Císafiovnou byla korunována 12. listo- sku a USA dvojjazyãná sbírka básní od Císafiovna Miãiko nav‰tûvovala padu 1990. Miluje hudbu. Sama hraje Miãio Mada, které vybrala a pfieloÏila základní ‰kolu Futaba a církevní stfiední na klavír a na harfu a pfii domácích kon- do angliãtiny císafiovna, pod názvem a vysokou ‰kolu. V r. 1953 vstoupila na certech ráda doprovází císafie hrajícího Dóbucutaãi (The Animals). Za tyto církevní univerzitu Sacred Heart, kde na cello a korunního prince s houslemi básnû udûlila IBBY (International studovala anglickou literaturu a cizí nebo violou. Velmi se zajímá o umûní, Board on Books for Young People) v r. jazyky. Pfii slavnostní promoci pronesla zvlá‰tû pak o japonskou klasickou litera- 1994 Miãio Madovi Cenu Hanse za svoji tfiídu fieã na rozlouãenou. turu. Císafiovna se vûnuje také dûtské Christiana Andersena. Na poÏádání Za korunního prince Akihita se pro- literatufie. V r. 1991 napsala HadÏimete IBBY pfiednesla císafiovna na 26. kon- vdala 10. dubna 1959.
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