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Diplomová Práce JANÁČKOVA AKADEMIE MÚZICKÝCH UMĚNÍ V BRNĚ Divadelní fakulta Diplomová práce Brno 2016 BcA. Jakub Mareš . JANÁČKOVA AKADEMIE MÚZICKÝCH UMĚNÍ V BRNĚ Divadelní fakulta Ateliér audiovizuální tvorby a divadla Streaming a livestreaming televizních záznamů divadelních představení a živých produkcí Diplomová práce Autor práce: BcA. Jakub Mareš Vedoucí práce: Ing. Dalibor Vlašín Oponent práce: doc. Mgr. Petr Francán Brno 2016 Bibliografický záznam MAREŠ, Jakub. Streaming a livestreaming televizních záznamů divadelních představení a živých produkcí [Streaming and TV livestreaming records of live theater productions] . Brno, 2016. Diplomová práce. Janáčkova akademie múzických umění v Brně, Divadelní fakulta; Ateliér audiovizuální tvorby a divadla. 140 s., 22 příloh. Vedoucí práce Ing. Dalibor Vlašín. Anotace Diplomová práce se zabývá technologií online streamování médií a jejím využití v divadelním odvětví. Zkoumá přednosti a nevýhody této metody šíření audiovizuálního obsahu a seznamuje čtenáře s touto problematikou. Annotation The diploma thesis focuses on online streaming media technology in a theatre field. It researches o n advantantages and disadvantages of this spreading audiovisual content method and it introduces this issue t o the diploma thesis readers. Klíčová slova S t r e a m S t r e a m i n g D a t o v á s í ť I n t e r n e t M é d i u m Vi d e o A u d i o D i v a d l o P ř e n o s d a t Keywords S t r e a m S t r e a m i n g Data Network I n t e r n e t M e d i u m Vi d e o A u d i o T h e a t e r Data transfer Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem předkládanou práci zpracoval samostatně a použil jen uvedené prameny a literaturu. V Brně, dne 30. srpna 2016 BcA. Jakub Mareš Poděkování Dovoluji si tímto poděkovat svým rodičům, kteří mě podporovali během celého mého studia. Po celou dobu mého studia projevovali velikou trpělivost a také díky jejich povzbuzování jsem byl schopen tuto práci vyhotovit. Veliké díky patří také Divadelní fakultě Janáčkovy akademie múzických umění v Brně, jejíž pracovníci mi umožnili rozvíjet mé znalosti v oborech Jevištní technologie a Audiovizuální tvorba a divadlo. V neposlední řadě bych chtěl poděkovat všem, kterým vděčím za informace vedoucím k sepsání této diplomové p r á c e . Jmenovitě bych rád poděkoval Ing. Daliboru Vlašínovi za vedení této diplomové práce, za jeho trpělivost, podnětné rady, připomínky a za čas, který mi věnoval. A doc. Mgr. Petru Francánovi, jakožto vedoucímu Ateliéru audiovizuální tvorby a divadla, za poskytnutí velké podpory při mém studiu. Obsah P ř e d m l u v a ....................................................................................................1 Ú v o d ............................................................................................................... 2 1 Úvod do problematiky streamingu ..............................................3 1.1 Rozdělení streamování ........................................................... 8 1.1.1 Tradiční streaming ............................................................ 8 1.1.2 Progresivní download ...................................................... 9 1.1.3 Adaptivní streaming ....................................................... 1 0 1.2 Základní pojmy streamingu .................................................11 1.2.1 Vyrovnávací paměť (Buffer) .......................................11 1.2.2 Broadcaster ....................................................................... 1 2 1.2.3 Streamovací server ........................................................1 2 1.2.4 Diskové pole ......................................................................1 2 2 Druhy přenosu ...................................................................................1 3 2.1 Unicast ......................................................................................... 1 3 2.2 Multicast ...................................................................................... 1 4 3 Historie streamingu ........................................................................ 1 6 4 Možnosti streamingu na internetu ...........................................2 6 4 . 1 A u d i o ............................................................................................. 2 6 4.1.1 Nejznámější servery ...................................................... 2 6 4 . 2 Vi d e o ............................................................................................. 2 7 4.2.1 Nejznámější servery u nás a ve světě spravované vlastníkem .............................................................. 2 7 4.2.2 Nejznámější servery u nás a ve světě spravované uživateli ................................................................... 2 9 4.2.3 YouTube ...............................................................................3 0 5 Možnosti přímého přenosu s využitím streamingu v lokální síti nebo na internetu .......................................................... 3 3 5.1 Softwarové řešení streamingu ..........................................3 3 5.1.1 Adobe – Adobe® Media Server .................................3 3 5.1.2 Wowza – Wowza Streaming Engine ........................3 4 5.1.3 Telestream - WireCast .................................................. 3 4 5.1.4 OBS - Open Broadcast Software .............................3 4 5.1.5 Xsplit .....................................................................................3 5 5.1.6 Twitter Periscope ............................................................ 3 5 5.1.7 Facebook Live Streaming ............................................3 6 5.1.8 Point to Point technologie .......................................... 3 6 5.1.8.1 Miracast ...................................................................... 3 6 5.1.9 Skype .................................................................................... 3 7 5.2 Embedovaná hardwarová zařízení ..................................3 7 5.2.1 NewTek .................................................................................3 8 5.2.2 Livestream ..........................................................................3 9 5.2.3 MiniCASTER D ................................................................. 3 9 5 . 3 I P T V ...............................................................................................4 0 5.4 Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV ......................................4 1 6 Technické zajištění ......................................................................... 4 3 6.1 Internetové architektury .......................................................4 3 6.1.1 ISO/OSI ................................................................................4 3 6.1.2 TCP/IP .................................................................................. 4 3 6.1.2.1 Vrstva síťového rozhraní ....................................4 4 6.1.2.2 Síťová vrstva ............................................................ 4 4 6.1.2.3 Transportní vrstva .................................................. 4 5 6.1.2.4 Aplikační vrstva .......................................................4 6 6.2 Streaming zvuku ...................................................................... 4 9 6.2.1 Audio komprimace ...........................................................5 0 6.3 Streaming videa ....................................................................... 5 3 6.3.1 Video komprimace ..........................................................6 1 6.4 Zpracování medií .....................................................................6 7 6.4.1 Přímý přenos .....................................................................6 7 6.4.1.1 Technologický řetězec ..........................................6 8 6.4.2 Přenos ze záznamu ........................................................6 9 6.4.2.1 Technologický řetězec ..........................................7 0 7 Možnosti využití streamovací technologie pro Janáčkovu akademii múzických umění v Brně ................................................7 2 7.1 Přímý přenos představení ................................................... 7 2 7.1.1 Činoherní představení .................................................. 7 4 7.1.2 Hudební představení ..................................................... 7 4 7.1.3 Pohybová představení .................................................. 7 4 7.1.4 Diskutabilnost přínosů streamingu .........................7 5 7.1.4.1 Je možno technicky přenést dostatek vjemů? .......................................................................................................... 7 5 7.1.4.2 Co přináší technologie navíc ............................7 6 7.1.5 Technické řešení pro Janáčkovu akademii múzických umění v Brně ...........................................................7 7 7.1.6 Přednášky ...........................................................................7 9 7.1.7 Technické řešení pro Janáčkovu akademii múzických umění v Brně ...........................................................8 0 7.2 Akademické rádio .................................................................... 8 1 7.2.1 Technické řešení pro Janáčkovu akademii múzických umění v Brně ...........................................................8 2 7.3 Akademická televize .............................................................. 8 4 7.3.1 Technické řešení pro Janáčkovu akademii múzických umění v Brně ...........................................................8 4 7.4 Mediální archiv .........................................................................8 8 7.4.1 Technické
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