UnitedStates Officeof Decembert989 EnvironmentaProJ tection CommunicationsAnd 191<-1002 Agency PublicAffairs(A-107) _EPA GlossaryOf ____-o Environmental Terms _. a-_3 And Acronym List

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' printedan Recited paper Introduction

Thisglossaryofenvironmentaland acronymlistreplace"sCommon EnvironmentaTlerms," published by tile EnvironmentaI Protection Agency in 1974and revised in 1978.It is designed to givetheuseran explanationofthemore commonly usedenvironmentaltermsappearingin EPA publications, news releases and other Agency documents available to the general public, students, the news media, and Agency employees. The terms and definitions in this publication were selected to give the user a general sense of what a term or phrase means in re at ve y non-techn cal language, although it was obviously necessary to use some scientific terminology. The terms selected for inclusion came from previously published lists, internal glossaries produced by various programs, and specific suggestions made by many Agency programs and offices. The chemicals and pesticides selected for inclusion were those most frequently referred to in Agency publications or which are the subject of major EPA regulatory or program activities. Definitions or information about substances or program activities not included in this glossary may be found in EPA libraries or scientific/technical reference documents or may be l obtained from the various program offices. ,* ; I The definitions do not constitute the Agency's official use of terms and phrases forregulatory L purposes. Nothing in this document should be construed to in an,,,way alter or supplant any : other federal document. Official terminology may be found in the haws and related regulations as published in such sources as the Congressional Record and the Federal Register. Users with suggestions for future editions should write to the Publications Division, Office of • I Communications and Public Affairs, A-107, USEPA, Washinglon DC, 20460.

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t L A Admlzflstrarive Order On Consent: A legal agreemenl signed by EPA and an individ.al, business, _r o_her e,l[ty tJlr_L;_Jlwhich the vgflator agrees to }_ay Abafelrlent: I_ed Llcjn_ tile d_srue _lr []llell_ly o(. or u[jnlinatgl_. _lOIJLiliL_ji1 J'or¢_lrru_gon o{ vlola_lllns_ hike the r_'Lltlirut¢orJ ru¢live or ¢[uan'Lfp action_, or A ba_dollud '*_]]' A wei_ Wllllse Ll_ehas I uen _urnlan_nll_, dl_,_Ollgl_led lit refrain fronl _n *lctivgy. It describes ri_e_¢lions to b_jiakurl_ may h_ _tlblect toa ' " " • ¢omI31utri pur[o_ appIJ_t; Io ¢ivJ__¢gons_ _l¢lL_¢_n be enforced iN court. _LIrp_lse. Adminl!;trarive Proceihtres _¢L; _%lal_'Ihat :,J_ell__l F_roce_hlre_a,nti relll_Ire- ._,_EL: J_:I_A'_cnlnpLller Iill_el for an.ri_,'zinS a violahl_'_ .ibilJty to pay a ¢il'JJ m_r_ts reJalefl IL_rile _l_LllllL_lg,l_i_Ofr_ wSl_laLiOrl:_. penalty, ,_.d_o.*.a_Ion: I. /_flhe_ion iri tnLileelg¢_ of _as, Ih Lfifl,or riJ_,_aJv_'dsolk_s to a Ab_orprion: Th_ _a_;t;_Suof 0nu SLJb!;lalICL'In_o lit Ih rotl,,_halloriler; e.g., an _lLrhlce. _, t%na _l_',_rlcednlurinl_[_lf trualin_ i_',lsl_.t;in ivhl¢ i ,l_li_,.ite_l ca rilo_l o_uca_lon _n _'Jrich one o_"nlor,.' •_;i)l_lLi¢ole nl_orlelll_, o( a _,ts nlJx(Lire a_ rulno'¢et; organic n_a_Lerfrnnl w,l_lewaler. c[_;s J_udl _EiqLnd, Adulter._l_:CheJiricaJiJn_lLiritie_L_r_ll[_larlce_t_l.ll[ly_awdono_[_lkln_ina .a.cce_.]lo_: [l_ radiation 5¢iur1¢..',a _[L'ViC_rilat _flee_s Lip ¢_large_Jilarli¢le_ fn_ L_rin a i_e_;li¢iLJe. such _s electrons Lh"_rolnnt;. Advanced Wa_;t¢waler "rrea_nl_nl: .amytre,_rllen_ o{_elvagu Ihal Sou_;beyond A_¢identSite;Th_lo_rioNofallul_expe¢[_dllccLirrellce_ilLiruorhl_s, eilhur Iht__;uc°nd'lrY°r I_i°inSl¢_] _vat"r _ruatrllenl _hlge '1nd incJude_ [h_ rernLw_i °f a[ .1 p[_nL or _lonl_ _1tran_Floi't_tinn roLile, re!,tLItinS in a rel_'a_e of ha._arLlntl_ nut_t_nt_ s_ ._s })h_phoru_ an_ nrirog_ft an_J ._ Irig_l percentage of stls- m_e_i_ts, podded _alids. (_ee: pfimar./, _econdary trealrllent.) A_llm_izatlolt: The pJlysJo]ngl_'al an_ [leh_vglr,l_ a djLz!,lnlent_ ofarl ol'gan. _ _ vit;ory: i_,no J1.regLilatn_' dOCLlIIlUlllril_lt L'_:3111_til_i¢_lte _ ri_kill f_rrnatJon hi ism to C_lan_e_;in it_ environment. pe_t;Llns _'ho rrl,l_' have _l_iThl_;u ri_k Jnarlagelllutlt deci_iL_ll_. Acelylcholtn¢: i'_ :;ubs_a_ce in file hLinlan bo_y havJrl S irll_l_lrLalLI Aerati_n:_%Pr_)_es_i¢_l_r_:l1L_t_sL_i_I_gi_1_IL'gr'1_]`_tiL1r_*_c_r_`1nj¢_v_`r. _uro_t'.ltl_llLil_er effu_t _ or]v_ rllll_t;lnterr]a[_ysLen_s;_lftel_u_.ed a_ a brol_cho- "[']lUproce_ nlay _le la!,_ive (a_ i_'_lvr]i_'._le J_e_ _o:_e_lh7air), or acg _'_(_s ¢Ol'_lTi_:lOT* Ivh_n ,1nli_Jn_ iir [llrilbJ_rlS de'_ice ifltr_l_Llces file .gr). Acid Oupositln_t: a e_lm_llex Chumi_'ai arid _tnlos_huri¢ plLUllllnlell_ln ri_a_ Aura_ion Tank: _. ch,iJilller LI_¢_[tO hljecL air in[L_waler. oc_Llrs _'_hen _t_is_lon_ of s_rfur _fld ililrOgerl ¢_nipt_Lin_ts an_ other !,lril- Aerobic: Li_enr _'ocus e_ rilal _lLlire L_r._e io_l_':_troyeL_y Ihe_re_e_¢uof sta n¢_5 _lTe_r_n_formed by ch_rlri¢_l pcncesse_ ifl Ihe _[rnos_rileru, LIfturl f_r llx_¢_,*.n,(S_e: _lnaerobi¢.) from Ihu ori _in.l[ _otl¢¢_s, nnd lhun depo_Jled on _!art_lill I'irilur a _l'ulor dry Aerobic "l'_eatmenl:. I_roce_, _ , ivhich rlricrobe__ecllJIl_ll_e• corn Ir_,xii1"_.1_1i¢ _orm. Thu _v_[ form_;, )OpLll_ly ¢_]IUL_'_¢Jd raJn_" Can f_lJ_1_r.; li]l, _;n_)lv,or ¢onlpotJnd_ Ir_ the ._esencu k)f o_.yg_rl alibi u_..' Ihe Ji_era_e_l unersy f(ir fo_. Th_ _ry forms _Tt_,1¢i([ c g_e_ or partlculate_, tu_od _t¢fillnand Sro_l'LII.Ty_es of _lerobi¢ p_ocessus illChlde e',Le_l_Jedaera- Acid Rain: (gee: acid deposifiol_) gor_ trickling fi[tr,lli_Ji, ,1rid rotagr_g biological co._aclor:;, Action Luvelm..I. I,_egulatory I.-'ve[s recommerlded _y F]_/_.for en forcenl,_tll,b_' Aerosol: A SLIs_etlsi_ll of gqLIJLIor solkl partJ¢le_ in a ga_, I_D/" _nd LISDA _*¢hun}_esScide resi_lLt_!;°¢_u r_ _°_d °r fecal ¢°nlMOdit_e!; far Afief burner, h_ i_l¢[n.:_afor tecilrlLllog_,r.i LILirrlefrocatell so ril,li fiLL'¢onlbLLs- rea_;on_;o_her fllan rile dl_e¢_ a_ Iicalion _f file pesfi_'i_e. As op _ose_l LLI "toJ_r_n¢_" _vh_¢hare _abli_lu_for rt.'_;_dtle_ _¢Ll_'ring a_ .1_[ir..'_'rtu_,Lfllof og_lL)rs.InSa It_;ema_,;tr_e benlaLaflt*e tlochep,lS,J _to;Lhlit_ollbeghseparil_ agamtede f_oill llorLl IIl_rle IJrn lrcjejlrller,O_l_ll'_srnprlokopev l.1*,nil _'o_r u!;agu, acgon ]_'ul_ _r..*set lot ina_lv..*rlenl ru_idLles ru,_ltlflnS fr_ln_ pre'c]ou Sluga] Ll_eor _¢_-'id_n l.lJ¢ont_ nlilla[ion, _, ]¢1the SLIpuTfLInd_lro_raln, /;.gt_n! Orange; A ILI_.I¢Ii_l_icJLte.Ir]LIde fll[[arlt which iva_ Ll:;u_JI111_eVielnallL tlleexl_tenceofaconlan_inallt concullLratiL_nini_lee_vir_r_entllig_lelloltg_l conflict. I_ corliairl_ 2,4,_-IrichJor. _heno',yacJti¢ acifl (2,.t,5-'[') an,_ --.-I dl- to _',lrr_nt ,_cLion_¢ Irlg_u¢ ,1ruspon_e Uil_er SAR_ and rile N_lillnaJ Oil an_[ ¢ _ oropheno_yacuge _ci_J(.,4-[_) Ii'iih lracu *_nl_ll_rltsof _.1i_l,_i11, H_zardou_ Sub,lances ConiJngency _J_n. The term ¢_ln [_uLineals[nlilarJy In _.ggl nlnerallon- ....The proce_;s b _'_1i¢11_recJ rilalhln i ]rgcJe _grl_l_ I,l_,gerby o_h_r Tegu]_lory prosr_ms, (S_t_:lolur_ncus,) ¢oll _;io;1or ¢Ollac _v h ChlLid_l_t_i¢[us nr OLlet _l_e¢_ a nn Jlarl ¢ et;. Activated Cai'bon_ _ highly acl_t)rber_t form of ¢_l_0n I_sefl to rernol'e _)dor:; Agg[ u:t_Jongaflfilm', . The _roce.,s. _),fLtlligng. . ,1rair.tics _. c_ale_ wiril a Lhlll ) erof and toxic _ub_ance_ from Ik Llidor Sa!;el_u_umi_loll!;. It1waste Iru,ltlllun[ it I_ a_[ge!;l'.'urn,l(erla]orLifar_e_tmg_lll_d lartitles Ily Jrlllact on _ !;l_rface coaled tf_dtoTt, mDvt!dt;_ov_do_s,_ncm,_ltL'ffroJllwa_l.2walt_r. _ _OLL_,.'d n Vct_l_[_l iL'_v_. molar vehicle evaporarive control sy_lems. .a._;ricultural Pollution: Tile Iiquill and solid _'.'._:_e_from. fanning, i_cludlns: Activated Shldg¢: Sludge rilat results; when primar_ efflLleJlt is oil',eft _'*_ith runoff and [ea¢lring of pesticides anti _er_flizers; er_sion an,_ dLISLfrom plan bacLerta-lad_rl _ludge and Ihe_ agiLaled an_l ,1eraSed to ,oror.ote bloh_gical wing_ animal n_alLure and carcasses; and cro_ ,'esidue_ and debris. tre,it m_n_, Thi!; t;_eed _;br._kdol_'n of llrg_ hie nlatler'Jl_ ra_* sue'cage Ulld_,rgo- Airborne Pargculatus: TL)hi]:;u_p_llL[e_ _arlicLllale nlafler fllLll_l In ill..'a_nlOS. in S _;uco_ld;)ryw.15_u Lre,_llllerlt. _lle_u as _olill _articJut;or lil Llkld_L_[e[_. Che_lli¢,_l ¢orllpo_ltiorl of lariicLi- Ac_l¥_ ]ngr_dlenL: In any p_ticid_ prod 11¢_ the ¢ii111pon_n I _*¢hichki[[_, lit late_ '._ Ti_,, wi_ely,, depell_[ing on location., and gllle, of yU_l_',g,irLIorJit_rfi¢_f at ]1_'¢l_ ¢onti'nl_ _ars_[ _e_;. I_(_tJc_(e_a_ucog ulat L'dp_'irll_rilyOn glu [1_sl_; Jalet; irlcJndu; _vlJid_Ji)wn dLl_t, enll_Sioll'; f_onl IIldL_St_l_Jp_'_]¢e_e_, snloge Of _rive Ir_grl.'dlL'n_. from the bLl_ninS i_"I'¢llL_dand ¢l_al_anL_IJle e_h.lLl_Lof n_i]tllr I'ehicJt_t;. .a.cule Exposure; A _lrlg]_ uxpo_Te to ,_tn_.lc_L_stan_u which rusLIg_in se_,u_e Al_borneJ_ul_a_e:[_u_*:asellf_n'i, chenliCaJinlo_he_Jr. blolaglcal harm or death.._cu_e exposures are LIsLlallycharacteri..ed as la:_gns Air Changes Per Hour (ACFII: The movement of a v_Itnne of air in il given no longer tha n a day. period of time; if a house has _ne ajr ¢har_gepet hOLtr, li mea n_ _ha_all of rile air .a.¢ule "l'oxtclt)'; The ability ofa s_tbst_lElc__o cause pois_ll(_u_ effects resulLing in rile house will be ,'ep_aced In a one-hour period. in _u_'ur_ D[ologi¢,_l harm or de_lh _oo_ _fier a single uxpo_lJre or _n_e. _Jso, .a.lr Contantl_nl: i_lly }largcLii_tu nl_Lter, ga_, or ¢onl_!inat_iir__heruof_ o_J_er _b _ny _'¢ er._ poisonoLl_ u/feeL re!;_ll[inS (roll1 a t;lngi_ :;hort-t..'_-ll_ex]_o_ure tll a than _'¢afur V_ljlOror rla_Lir_lair, (See; .gr F_olJLILalI[,) tOXIC_ubsLa_ce. (gee: chront¢ to_icity, tnxiciLy.) Air Curtain: _. nl_fllo_ of ¢onhrirll.g oil spJll_. Air _)_Jl_bllrl_IJlrL_L_IIa _e_" i_ /'.da;_lallon: Chan_es in an organism's _ruc_ure or habi_ _ha_help il a_)_Jsl _n fora_'d pi _eca. se_,an ii _rar_l wa_er flow rilat :dolv_ rile s _read of off. [l ca_ ' ris :;urrolJn0lnS_;b a]s_ bu L_ed o SLOpf s I rLII11enter _1_ _1o L_eJ _¢atur. Add.onCor;troJOevJce:.Analrpollutiollconlrol_e_'IcesLichascarbunadsnr- Air Mass: ,_ I_'ides,oJea_l [lady of air fllaL gai_; cerlari_ iileteor.logical or bet or hl¢ine¢_Lor which1 rec_ll_e_ Lhe polht tion in ,_n cxhatlSt gas. Thu ¢lol_roJ _ i[[u_uI cha r_¢tu¢i_tlcs--e,S,, a g_'at Jn vLr,:_ion or _;131_1'sinus!;--wlri[u set iE_ device u_uagy doe_ n_ affeci Ihe roce_s being conlrolle,_ and rilLtSiS *'aL_l. ' g "" on" t_chnology _ _ppo_i_d _o _ _¢_um_ to ¢onLrol pollLiti_n I_lroush _la_i_ S 0he Jncatlon. 1he char._e erl_ i¢_ c_n change a_; i ino',,¢s alva,,. _ome alteration _o rile ba_i_ process Air Moni_ori_g: (S_'¢: mongori_g.) Adhesion: Molecl_la r a_tra_ian _,'hlch hold s the_slurfaces of _wo sLl__stallces in MrP°llutant:_nYSL_b_'tar_¢eirlairwhich_°ukl'Jfinhit_h_:n°llghcnncentra_ lion, Ii,lrm n1,111oihe, r _ninlal:;_ v_'gel,_LkJn,or i]laterial. ])_lrhlt_lnt_ _11ayin. _o[1_a¢_. elude a_JllOSt_lly naLur._l o_"_¢IJficJa[¢_lnl_o*,il[oll nf iIl_Lturca _abJe of l_eirlg Administrative Order: _ legal document _igned by EI_a. , _lrectin S an in- ,rirborll¢. The _rna, be ri_file fL_rnlof sLfliflparliel_:s, IlqL_d LIr_lel_;, gases, or divldLl_l|, _ u _,tne_;_ o_"oriL_rungty to t,l_e ¢o rr_'¢t]'.'eat:fiat1o_ refrain frnrll at1 Jnennlbln_ liOllSof thLJ_ufor]Iis, _elleragy, the_ fall into two ilhliOgrollp_: I i_¢rivl[y.Itdt_(.ribes_hev[_l_1tg1n_;ar1da¢g_nsI_[_etak`-.r1`an_l_an[_`-.enf_r¢e_l IIo_eu_ Ltul ;Jirecriy ronliL_L'_lLi{i.tble_lrcusa_J(2_lJlll_upr_ldLJcu_illL_lu 1 ]n ¢OUT_.SLf_:I_or_ur_ Jil._ybu issued, for _,1 m le, ,is a r_L_IL_ fa n aLImini_(r_- tivu _om plaint WllUrUby Lhure_po[lrien L15o_-i_ered In pay a ]_el_,rily for viola- I_IDrJrbnylnlhllu_rL,ln_ll_cSnJilheri_[_u"lcwoen_f_lLJI__uo erlti_r__l;iiil__'i[he _rinfir_l'a_¢JLh'y _ololliLfl_l hil_an_oas,ctoWrabLiiin, re.assign]_¢hl_iv__?iril LIDn_Of ,__,l_u_e, Ofpo e;1, fog, and dust, w li¢ I ace l_ rl._tllra or_sin, abo_l_ [(RI¢onLarllJtl_n_s have been identified and fall into the ftdhnvinb_ categories: sulk[s, sulfur Allbestusisl IXdisease associated with chrnnic exposure to and inhalation of compounds. "*,o[atile organic chendcals, nitrogen cnm lounds, oxygelt enm- asbestos IBors, "llledlse, se makes trea Ins prng est.ively inure diffictdt and pounds, haloBefl ¢omptnnlds+ radiuactive cnnlpounds+ and ndor_, can le_d to de,lth, Air P011utiolt: The presence of c(nltaminanl or pol[ntant _;LihStancesio the air Asbeslos; A mineral fiber that can pollute air ur water and ¢,luse cancer nr tllat do not disperse rnperl ,and interfere with human health or welfare, or ashestosis when hlhah'd. ErA has harmed or severely restricted Bs u_e hi produce at let harm_ttl envirOnlllenta[ elfecls, maoufacturblg and cnn_tructhnl. Air Poilu:lea Episode: i_, )ednd of abnormally btgh ctlncentration :if air At,h:Themineralcontentofa prodncl remablingaflercnnlplete¢onlLlustinn, po]luta rlts, often title t<)low wlnds and temperatur_ inverslnn, thai can CaLtst! A-Scale Sound Level;/_. nreasurelnent nlstmnd ,I Ipruxinlaiing thu sensitivil • illness and death, (gee; episode+ po]httitln•) I I e n an ear+ e to no e the intensil , or anno)'ance (d sounds. Air Quality Control Region: An area--designated by the fedural AsshuilaBon:TheaL_ilityofabodynfwatertopndfyitsdfofpolhltants• governmentItn which communities Mtare a cnnmlon dJr polhlt hm problem. Sometimes several states are bwoh'ed, Atmosphere (anh A standard unit of pressure representing the pressure Air Quality Crtterla_ The levels of _olbltiun and lengths nf expusure above exerled bya 29,92-inch c_lumn of mereuryat sea levd at45' latitudeand equal w Bch adverse boa I t and we fare e fects ma), occttr, to 1000 grams per square centimeter. Air Qualily Standards: Tile level uf _ollutants prescribed by regnlatJons Ihat Atmopsbere (theh The whole mass of air _urrounding Ihe earth, composed • may nut _' exceeded during a speclfiud tinl0 hi a defined area. largely of oxygen anti nitrogen. Alomize: To divide ,1lil ukt into extremely minule p,trticle'¢, eilher h'¢ inlpact AlCoanchltroolrtweeAdsherblb cicodern, anarknd esoyledbeantindfeireldthes, trade name I.asstb used mainb., tu with a jut o steanlor compressor a r, orby passage throtq_h some m_chanical Alar: Trade name for damJnozkle, a _esticlde that makes a _ples rudder, device, firmer+andlessgkolytodropofflree'_beforegrower.'iareread'hl_ickBlem, ll A annen Aea Anareaco sderedtoltavuairtuagt,asgoudasorbetter Is also osod (o a lesser exlent on peanuts, tart cherries, concurd grapes, and thatl the nagnnalaulhJentair t uagtyslandardsasdegnetJ JntheClean Air Act. other fruits. Anareantaybeanaltainntentareafnronepolhttantandanon'at ainnlen area AIdlcarb: An insecgdde sold under the trade name Temlk• h is made from for olhers. ethyl i$ocyanate. Attenuation: Tile prueess by which a ¢ompnurtd is reduced in concentnl thnl AIBae:_iltlplerootlessplaotsthatgrux'Ib_stnllgwatershlrelagvu lropurfion overgn_u, titrilugbadsnrptJon, degradatinll, dihllion, and/ortranshlrntahon. to the amounts of nutrientfi available. They can Mfect water _ nalit ,adversely Attractant: A ehondcahlr agmlt th+llhlres htsectsnr oBler pests by stimnlatblg byloweringthedi_solvudoxygenindlewater.'l'heyureh_odtnrfishandsmall Illeir sense of Slndl, aquatic animals, Attrition: Wearing nr gdnding dnwn era substance h)' friction, A contribtJBng Algal Blooms: Sudden s torts of algal growth, which can affect water quality factor hi air pollution, as whh drilL, adverse y ant nd cate potent a y lazardous changes i1 oc,)l water ¢lleln S* AutolropbIc An organism that produces food from innrganic substances, try. Alpha Particle: A positively charged particle cnmpo_ed of 2 neutrons and 2 talons released by some atoms nndergtfing radioactlve decay, "[he _arlJ¢le ix _engcal to the nucleus of a begum atom• [|ackgrourtd Levehblair lngutioncuntrnl, dleconcentrationofair lollutaots AlternateMeBtod:Anynlethodofsamplingandanalyzingft)ranair_nllutant in a definBe area dudug a fixed period of gnle prhlr tu the slurring up or on the which Is not a reference or equiv,dent method Bill which has been demon- slo +page of a suurce nf erldssiun uuder ¢unlrnl. In tn_.icsutlJtances nloniklr* stralt, d in specific cases to EP.'Vs satisfaction to prod:tee resuhs adequate for ms, leaverage presence t been t JI e ,t g I aft) efer ng t + r,d[ compliance, occurdn S phenomena, AmblentAIr:AnyunconfinedporliuntlfBteatmosphere:openair, surrnund. BAC'T_BelltAvtdlableControlTechnoIogy:AnemtssIonlimltationb*_sedon [ng air. the maximum degree nf emission reduction whJdl (considelhlg enersy, on. Ambient Air Quality Btandardm (gee: CriteSa Pollutants and National virunmental, and econ0nlie impacts, anti other costs) is achievable lbrough Ambient Air QuaIBy Standards) application of producgon processes and availahle methodfi, spstems, and Anadmmous: Fish that spend their adult life in tile sea hilt swim n _river It) technhlues, In no event does BACT permit emissions ill excess of those fre.sh-water _pawnJng grounds to reproduce, allowed under any applicable Clean Air Act provisions, Use nf :be BACT Ana_tobic:A]Jfeofprocesstilatofcursbt, orisnotde._troyedbF, Bleubsence concept Is al[owahl*+ nn _ ea_e by case basis for major new or modified of oxygen, emlssionssourceslnattainmentareasandappgestneachn+gulatedpollutant• Antagonlnm: The interaction of hen chendcals having an o _posing, or Bacteria_ Bingular: bacterbJm) Microscopic riving urganisms which can aid in neutralzlngef oct oneadlot ler, nr--gb*'ensonlespe¢ icbiologica efect--a pollutJoncontrolbyconsunlingorhreakingdownnrBanematter nsewageor chemical Interaction tha t ap ears kl ha'co an op x)SinB or nentralizing effect byslmtlarlyactin_onoflspillsorolherwaterpnllutants. BactedalnsoiLwater over what might otherwise _e expected. or air can also cause Iluman, animal and plant health problems,

area over Antarcgca, Baffle Chamber: bl inciner,lklr defii tl, a ¢banlber designed to lronlote tile Aritarcltc "Olone PI01e"¢ Borers It)die seasonal depletion of o/one in a largu so I of fly as 1 anti coarse particulate nlaiter Llychanging tile djfectit)n , AIHlbodle_: Proteins produced in Ihe body b_ hnnlune system ceils in re- and/or reducing I le ve uc ty tlf the gases produced hy the ctnnbusthm t f the sponse to antigens, and capable el combinin B wilh antigens, Fefuse or sludge, Anti'DegradatlonClause;Partoffederalairtualit_*andwalert ua[Ityret uiru- Ba house Filler" large flhrie bag usually made of glass fibers, used to men s prohibiting deterloradon wilt!re pal u0un evels are .l[lOX,eI le Jega _ltgunate intermediate attd large (gr_,tk r thm 20 rmcrons nl diameter) p Irtl limit• des. T i_;device operales in a wa ' simihlr tU tile hag of all electric vacutnn AlllJgett: A t,ubstan¢_ that causes prndneBon of antibodies when bltrodueed cleaner, passing the air and smaller particulate in,liter, while entrappblg the into animal or human tissue, larger partictdate_• Aquife_ An underground geological formation or group of farina:fens, con. BalinB: Cnmpacgng solid waste inh) h]ocks tu reduce vnhllne attd simplify raining usable amounts of ground water that can supply wells and springs, bandling, Arbitration: Aprate*is for the resolntionofdisputes, Decisions are nlado b 'an Ballistic Separator: A machine that sorts orgatd¢ finn1 iunrganic matter fill impartial arbitrator selected by the parties. These decisions are usllal] 'ie_ally ctmtposting. binding. (See; mediation,) Iland Applicatlom In pesticides, the spreadhlg of chenlicals over+ or ne'*t to+ Area of Review: In the UIC prugram, the urea surroundhlg an injection well each row of planl:, in a livid, that JSreviewed during the l ermillhlg recess to determine whether tile Banklng:A systetnhlrrecordingqualifiedairenlissinnreductiunsior hirer use injeethm operation will Induce flow between aqtdfers• In bubble, olfseh or netting transactions. Jgee; emissinns trading,) c Area S0urc¢: Any snldl] Sullrce of nnn.nalUral air pogution thai is released Bar Scr_2en:In wastewater treatment, a device used to remnve large sogds, over +Irelalivdy small area bul whidl cannot he classified as a mint source. Such sources may n¢lude ve _icles and el 1or sma fuel combusthm enghleS.

2 Barr[etCoatlng(!d_Ahl,erofama[eria]thataCk_ltlohstructor lrevent la:_sage goom:|.AI]oatingdevJcetl:,.'dkwollhfinoi]onabodyofwaler, 2, A lJecellf of sozlledd.'lg Ihrou b a sur fact.,that _sill be lrotectcd, t..,g. grnut, caldk, or _.bquip]nen I used It) ap lip pes[Jck[esfrom Broiled eqnJpmunl:_uch a_a tractor various sualJnb co[n].x)tlltds; S_tlnetilne_Hsed II'gb l_d)'llretb,nle nlembralles nr truck, S_..e_: *(1llc inOlll. Ill we'¢enl corro_itln or o_.JdalJollof Inetal _tlrfaces. cbenljcLd JllZlacls tin Bol_nical Pesticide: A pesticide whose adive ingredient is a p],llll inldtlccd various iitab..rJals_iir, for eXalltpIP, tl_ irevellt soil-bas,bornt., radzltl trorn c tell1 ca SiteI as It COtOt._or _lrye In he. nlovillg Ihrotlgh waifs, cracks, or ioklts in a blzuse. IJoBle B[I[: Pro iost._dor enacted h..gi_lagon wllich re_uJres a r_hlroab[e Basal AppbcaBon', Ill [ e_tic[de'_.,tilt a]I iicati it _I cl eo c plant slenls de _tlsil on beer or soda coltlaillc, rs and 1roy[des for relail store tzr¢llller or re_ ro[lkS bIs ,IbovP the sl J[llte' re_emplion c4.,nlers,gtlcIi JegJsJagDnisdesigned to discourage useii throw- b_N: RPA's ctHnptlter infidel for a[taly/illg avhlJah)r'st._conlffniegahi [rote no( aw.ly cnnkliners, Comldyblg with Ibe law. bottom Land Hardwoods_ Forested fresh-tearer wetlands adjacent todyers Irl Benthic Organism (Benlhosb A form of a_nali¢ ll,lnt ur aniol,d lift., thai is lhesoutheasternUnitedglates.TheyareespecialJyva]oablefor%'ildlifehreed- fou_ld Oil or near die botlol11 n a stream, ake, or ncean. Jag and nesting and h,lbilat areas, Benthic Reg[on= The btltlOln lay¢'r nf .I btldy Of water. Brackish Water: A mixture t>t fresh and salt Waler. B@g_llJttXll_/_11airhorne nlutal that ca;1 be ba.tardotls to hllolan bt-,alth when I]ro*ldcasl Appbca_Jofl: bl pest Jckles, the spreadirlg of chendcal_ over an ungre inha]ed. It is discba r_ed by nlacbine shops, ceraogc a nd prollell,lnt pla nl_;, and area, found lies. Btlbb]e: A System under width existing enlissioos sources cao propose aber- Bela P_rb¢le_ An elemenhZry particle eolitled by radhlaeti_'e decay, llt,it inay Ilale means It) comply will1 a set of elnissions linlitatiolls; tinder Ibu bubble catlstt _*kinbllrns, b is baited by a tbi=l _heut t_fpaper, concepb sources cart cootrtd inore Illall re¢itired at one emission ,oils where

Bsionl.as¢cuI tamulala ivee:buverybsstallowlceslhal' 13elaboincreasebIconclizL'd tit ¢e_cnlrabrutedonillaslivingotheyrganbr_'albe. file- at¢ooalmselccondostseOIis_are ;ireonlat[vplgnelty blwI'¢bJenre_ettlcorns[_h_art.a'Chooighlpaer,rahierekl xalk_nofcnntrnls ' laognated air, drgtk corgandllaled water, or L'al ¢onlandlla ed t.od. (gee; Bubble Policy= (See:endssglllS trading,) bkllogieal magnification.) Buffer Strips: Strips td;4rass or other erositln-resisling Vebehlgon hetwc_'n or bJoa_is_ylusglglivblgorbao[sol_lOnlt.astlrelbeeffeelofasubslallce, f,tfhlr, behlw cubivaled strips or gek{_.

: coanr ccoernd[btloiolalssay_by .eonlpar[llg beblre-a ikbafief data, re fel is ofiell LlsedIo [nPall tBhurial allSl _er:iouneartd b t(lrGrawateveyraradl:s a A_hie[_dis losa1. l site filr radioacgve waste nhllegals Biocbemlcal Oxygen Demand (bODh A measore nf the antollnl i_f oxygen by.producl: Material, nlber than tile prglcipal prod tier, dial ix generaled as a Constlnledbldleb[ok)gica[proce!;seslbatbreakdownorballicnklllerinwaler. ConscquenfeofanindllSlrialprocess, Tile greater tile beD, tile greater tile degree i_f pogutk_n. glodegradable:Tlleabilitylobreakdowntwdeconlpo_erapkllymldernaturM C condlbon_ and processes. Cadlllbl m (Cdb A heavy metal eleolent thai _1CCUlllalestU in llle ellvirolI01en L Blolugleal Colllrob In pest control tile use ¢)fingnlal_ and organisms thai eat Cancdlaliom Refers hi Section 6 (b) of tbe the Pcderal In_ecgcide, Ftmgidde or ntherwise kill or out-compete pests, and fiodenlicide Act (FIFbA) which autllorizes cancellation of a pe_gcide Bloluslcal Magnificatlam Refers to the process wllereby certain r;ubslances registration if unreascmaL,lu adverse effects to tile environnlenl and _ublic such as pesticides or heavy melals move op Ibe food cbain, work their way be,dlh develop when a _rnducl is osed accordhlg to widespread and ctml- into a river or lake, and are eaten by aquatic organisms such as fish which in monly recognized practice, or if its labeling or t+ther material required (tl be turn are eaten by large birds, animals, or humans. 111e subslances become submitted dries not comply with FIFrA provisions. concentrated in tls_iues or internal or,qan_ as they retire up tile cbain, (See: Cap: A layer of clay or odler highly impermeable material insl.dled over Ihe b]oa¢cumulatlw.,.) toil of adosed ]andgg 1o reventenlr'eofrainwalerandminblliZeprodltrlion Biological Oxidation= Tfie way bacteria and nlicroorganisms feed on and o eat:mtel decompose complex organic maledal_, Used in sdf-purificalinn of water Caplu_e Efficiency: The fraction of all organic wipers generated by a pr_x'ss bodies and in activated sludge wastewaler treatment, thai Is directed to an abatement or re,:ove_ device. Biological Tre_lmenl= A treatment leclllt oblgp thai uses bacteria to _2onstnne C.1 rh o rl Adsorber: An add-on clln[$ol device which uses actb,aled carbon Io w_slu. This Irealment breaks down organic olalegals, absorb volatile organic ctlmpounds lroro a has Slreanl, The VOCs are kller Biomass: All of tbu living illaleria] ill a given area; ofiell refers {t) t-'eBelil[JOIt, recovered from the carhDn, Also called "biota", Carbon Dioxide (C02): A colorless, ndorless, non-pois_mous gas, which Blomonilorlng: l.Tbe use¢lf]ivlng organisnls k_k'st fllesuilabilil 'of eb]oeots resubs from filssg fnd combusgon and is nnrnlally a parl of dle ambieltl air.

for dJscbarge into receiving waters artd tu test rite tluality of stll2]l walers Carbon Monoxide (CO): A colorless, odorless, poi_onou_ gas ]lr¢ldtzcedhy downstream frDnl thl2dischargt'. 2. Analysis of bk)od, tlrine_ lissues, ele., Io incolop]et e fossil feel conlbtlsgon, measure chemical exposure ill humans, Ca_boxyhemoglobi n; 1 lenlOb]Ob/n in wJlich Ihe iron is asso¢[aled wg hcarban Biosphere: The person _f I_arlh and ils alJnospl_ere Ibal ¢all sopporl fife. monnxide (CO), Tfie a ffg_ily of hemob]ohin force I_abou1300 gales grPilter Bloslabllize_ A machh_e that cooverts solid wasle ilt(O conlpost hy grinding lil/In for oxygen. and aeralioo. Card rlogerl: Any subslance glal can callse or coolribtltu [0 Ille prOdllcli0n of Bioht: (See: biomass,) cancer. .,_ Biole¢hnology: Teclmk ues lltat ose lb'ing organisotsor partst_f organism_ to Car¢inogenic: Cancer'prodnCbtb. I/ produce a variety el products (from oledkrbles Io illdoslria] enzymes) bl Carrying Cap_¢ily: f, In recreation Illanabement, Ille alnotoll oftlsea recrea- [mprovep]artlsoranbna]sorB)devu]opnlicroorgaolsntsforspecif[ctlses_ocb lion areacan sustagl witheel delL,gt_rabon of il_ ¢uaJily, 2, [n wgd[ife nlallage. as removing Ioxics [rortl bodies td water, or as pe_gcides, olenl_ the nlax rtlum IILIoIher o an nla t; ao/irea can soppurl t udng a given bioB¢ Community= A naturally nccnrring assemblage of plants aod anima]s period of the )'ear, Ihat live Jn Ihe same environmenl and are mulua]iy sustat_ing and illler- Cask: A Ihick-wM]ed contMner (osually lead) used h) Iransport radk,a¢l[ve dependent, material Also called a coffin, BlackLung:Adiseaseo(lllelungscausedbyhabilualhdmlagonofcna]dust, Calanadranous Fs_ swn dot'ns wan ospa ' : Blackwate_ Water Ibat c_mt,ttns animal hunlan, t_rfnod ivan;leSs Calalyl[¢ Converler_ An air polk*lion abatement device Ihal remtwes polgg- Bloom:Apro]iferalinnofalgaeand/orhibllera_uagcdantsinabndyofwaler; antsfronlnmtorvehicleexhaust, eitherbyoxidlzingtheolInlocarbondhl_ide ellen related lu po]hztion, uspucia]ly when po[]uhmls accelerate growth, nnd waler or reducing tllem Io ntlrogen and oxygen, IIQDS: The amount of dissolved oxyben consunled in five days by bkdngiol] Cata]ytlc Incinerator: A control device which oxidizes volatile organic conl- processes breaking dOWII org/In[c ll1_ber, pounds VOCs ) bp tlsing a cala]ySl it) promol e gle COliibosliOlI pru¢oss. boil,= A type of wetland that acellmU[ah-; ;I I _reci,lble peal deposb:;, bogs Catalytic [r_cbI¢lalur_ rut uifu lower lumperatures lllall convengnna] lhennal , dependprmlar[lyonprecipihlgOnforlheirwaterSollrCe+areusllallyacid[cand incineratnrs, w[Ih re_;LiItantfuel altd COS[savings. ric h in plant resklue wJlb a _lnsp[ctn}us inal of ]b*klb green Innss* ; 3 Catefiorical Exclus[on_ A cl_lssof _clions _'hich L,it)l_r [ndivid.ally _r cumura- Clear Cut: A t'_rcst mana_ultl,..nt techni_ UL'fllat involve_ har_,esfiiig a]l the lJ_'_ly 'tvollJd n_l( h_vu _ _iF_nJfic,_ll_tffuct 411_Ih_ hu_l_n _Jl_,irtlf_tn_llt_lltl trt_ Jn i_rtcaru_ *it iitl_ tJmt], Urldur ¢_rlain _._lil_nd _1(i}1_t"llndilJDn_.Jlcan i _nv_onmt_nt_lmp,lcl_t_t_n_,lllLin_rtl_N_Iiin_ _nvJr_lnlllUnhl t)]cy_ct i (t_EPb.). C_aninF]:I_bi_tu¢hn_h_y'_bt_i_li=1_r_uP_1f_enetic`_Iyid_ntica]_e_{rc_m : CateB°ricalPrelreatmentSlandard:Al_chn_lL_"ba_'ede_flti_'ntlimttatJ_mfL_r makin_ ¢_lJ_s _lfa _en.:, ar_ Industrial _acJ]ily which discflar_e_ intc_ ,1 nluilicip,11 _ewer system. An. : alo}]ou:_in _.trin_ency tt__]e_t Availability 'F_'cht_ulog),(E_A'r) f_r dlr..'ct di_- CIo_ed-Lo_3p]RecyclinB: I_._claimh_ lit r_'Lt_in__'-'ast_vatcr flit i_oll-_tabl_

C._lhodJc|lrote_tiDn= .,_tLc]l, ni ut: I¢] _r_v_'nt¢(Irr_l_JL_n_lf a Illel,ll _l_rf_cu [1_ Coagul.ltiOlt_._.¢lLInl_J/l_ Df arli¢l_ in _w_l_lwlt_r (ll :_Lhllf_!(_Ul Jl_l_LLriti_'_It. mak n}%t _at _lr ace t le cat_l_e _ nl_e eclr_¢ lenl c,I ¢_' . is o_ten indllced by chenli¢,_ _=c]1_1_lime, ._lun_,a_ld irwinsails. Causll_ Soda: Sodium hydroxide, a slr_ln_ a]kalille substa_lc_ u_ed ns the CoastalZone_Land_andlv_tersadjacent_othec_a_tth_tex_rt._nin_uenc_on 4 ¢l_anJnE_a_nl in _om_ d_le_-_ur_l_, t_ LI__:__f I]1_s_'_and its._colll_),, or, illv_,r_*]l)_,i'.,hu_._,LI_'__lld _'ct_l(l_y,_r_ af_ect_'d by th_ _ea. I CBODS= The amount of di_]ved (l_y_ell c_llsumed in 5 d_y_ fr(_n_th_ i cTharebonte_taceom_tushodpoc,rtl_l_iony i_ls1hfb[e(sa_lo_meicas_llpfor_c_r 1_O1_,s._u5_bexc,r_aekpint t_hado,viit nitr_)i_,nn _ndem_lndeffluerlt,is Co_tnel_ffi]spc]ehntereof. J]aze (CO_I): A mua:_, r_nl_'l_l_f visibility jlller/et en¢,_Jn the J: suppr_,_sed. ColJfom! Index_ i_, _'atin_ _f tile pttriIy _lf i_',lt_'r [_a_,_d_ltl _1¢¢lunt Lif f_ca] f Cells: l.ln solid _v_sl_ dJsposahIi_)l_swh_re _va_;teis duwi__ec[,¢_nlp_ctud, bacterin, and cowred _,[t I layers or dirt on ad._J]yhas s, 2, T ic' sln._ e_t_t rllctlIr_l _,_rl Coliform O_anism: ,N_l_'r_c_r_anisn_f_.nd in th_ illle_final tr,tc_of h_lman_ I of ]ivin_ nlatter capable o_ I'Llncti_lnin_a_ an independent unit, _nd animals, Their pre_nce in _wlt_r indic_lte__ecalp_lhttioll _md pot_'ntJ_]ly C_nt rifu._l ColZ_¢lo_*A nlec]l_ nJca]_y_l,_rl_u_ill_ _:_'nlriftl_l fllrcL' hi r4!nliivL, d_ii_rllLl_ [_¢t_ri_] C_lntaminatJl_llb}* di:¢L_.a'.c_ ii _Jn_ rtlicr_l_lr_,_nJ_nl_.

Ceslum(C_].A_flver.,vhjl_ so_tductile,_l_m_ntofth._alkallnleta] rLlupthat run(If_'N°rnlally'Jtsunfirefl_vR°_t°awa_lelrea_nluntpl'lnt'butdLirin_a

_'a,_etr, a tloo_.r,_ductlon _r mnrsh-dr_inage t,lclicthat can in_erlL,r_'_,_i_11_v_ste ass[rntlafion capacity and disturb fish _nd ".vildlif_'h_bitats, Combu_llon_ I]_Ttlin_, _r r,_pidoxidati_n, acc_m_paniedby release_JfenerF,y in tile fc_rnlLifhe_lt _lr_dli,_llt. A basic c._._' _ air p_ltl.fi[_11. Ch_lr_lcteril_llc:Any on_ ill Ih_ f'llLir C_tt'_Or_e_tlse¢_in d_zfJnJn_[i,l_,lrd_lLl_ ConlbtlsllonProdt_¢l: SLib_t_tlcepttldtlc_dtlfJl_ IllC [Itlrn[tlE_l_r_xid_t[oll of wa_.te:J_nitabiltty cor.*¢l_ivit_ reactivity,, and tc_icity, a maleri,l_. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COl2); A nlua_tlr_ _f the _×}'g_'n required t_l oxidize all compounds in _wter, bo_hi_r_anic nlld inorganic. Command Post: l:acility I_'at_'d al a _af_'Llis_._lcetip,rind fr_n_ an accident Cheml¢_| *J'r_a_lnent:Any I_n,.__lf __,'r_Jt_ly of I_chnologi_ lh_l u_' ¢h_'nli¢_]_i tJv_ ¢_n n1,1_e _'c_F_on_d_'ci_i_]tl_,d._iIiI _in_ll _l_wuT_nd _'qLIJ}_nlunl__ll_in° OT_1v,_tl_ttyo_chemical pl_C_ss_ Io try'at _'*'_ti.', I_in I _itiiin _vJIhn_tlv_ ltt_'dJ_,afld _n_ _L'_'_lrnrtlunic_LIJ_ln_. Chemosleril_nl_ ._,¢11m._J_._I]hnt contrnl_ pLh_tsby pr_vuntin_ reproducl[_n. Comment Period: Time pt_,_d_'d for th.: _tl[_lict_ r_';,i_'_'_lndcomment on a Chillin 8 Effect= Th_ lowering o_ th_ )]arth's _.lnperature t ecaLl_' (_fincr_as_'d propl_s_ I_I_Aaction ot r ulem,lkin_ _ ter il i_ _ _lishud if_Ih_' Fed..'r,iI l_e_J_- particles in the _[r b]ockin_ thu s,n's ray_, (See:._reenhc_useef/ect.} t_r. Cltlorinated Hydrocarbons: These Jnchlde a ¢las'_ ¢_fp_r._istent, I_r_l,_d- Commtnullon_ _.lec]l_l_ical _hreddin_ (_r pul'.,urizin_ _f waste, LJ_edin both _p_cIrLim Jns_cl[cJdt'_t]lat IJn_zr in th_ _n'JirllnnlL.nl _nd _ccLLmu]at_Jl_Ihu ,_t]lid _v_te nl,_Ela_,¢muntatl_l _v,_t_'lwl_r Irc'_llnlunt. food chain. A.m_nE$lhem _re DDT, _ldfin, dieldrin, he _tacll_lr, ¢hh_rdan_', CommInuler: A machine that _]lred..i or pulvurl;'_'_ solids to makL' Iva_t_ nda II,z__ndr n, t_l rex_ l_xa¢1lot d_ _fld h)_l _etl_, C)t it_"L_Xa_lp_:_in¢ Iid_ t_t m,_l_l_asit_r. I'CE, tts_'d ns an indu:_tria] s_]lwnt. Cc_mt_lun[tyItelatlon_: The, _'-'PA_lr_ I_)_'st,ll]li_h tw_-_wy c_n_nl_nic_ti_n C_llorinated So)vent= An orBanJ¢ solvent containing chlorine atoms, e,l_,, with t)tepLIbllctocre_te _lnd_r_landin_,_l_P/_ prl_E_ral_lsan_lrelateda_fi¢]ns, methylenech]oHdeand _,l_]-trichlorom_thanewhichisu_edinaeros_l_pra), to as_lJre public Jllp_lt intL_ decisi_n-maktn_ proc_se_ r,:latud t(_ _ffect_'d _ontainers and in traf_l¢ paint. ¢ommunilie_, and Io mak_ cerIain that t]lu A_u_lcy i_ _'.'a r_'_]_andresponsive Chlo_'tnallon: The app]icafion o_ c)lk_rill_ _o drinking '-rater, _vag_', _r in- to public ¢_ncerns, Specific c(3nlmunil_,' r_'latJl_ns_ctivilJes are re_ ilir_'d in

Chlort_lator_ A device t)lal add_ chl[lfin_', Jn _a_ c_rliqt_i_l t'_nll, to _valer_r Community W_ter System: ._ piJb]i¢ _vate__,'._t_nl _vhich _'r_'e_ _t I_'ast15

ChlorltleoConla_t Chamber: ']'hat part _]f _ iv,_t_,rtr_ll_llen_ plant where' y_ar-r_tln_l residents, eMuent Is di_[nl'ccted b_,'chlorine. Compactlcm: IledLIctJ_]n_f the bulk _lf :_llid _wst_'by mltin_ and t,_nlpJn._,_ Chlo_'ofluorocarbons,(CFCs)"A/anfil.... y _f inure, n_lnt_xi¢, _n_.easily,li_t_Jfk'_ Comp3_an¢_ Coaling: A c_aIin_; _.'ho_' v_lati],: _rg_n[_"¢_3mpl_Lmd¢_]nt,_nt ¢h_m[cLIStJ_ d 11r_'fr_ allon__ rcl iidlh_HI n_, p_cka_ln_, r_ i],l _ott__r _ dot_s not _xc_L,dIhal _lllt]l_'_LIb)' _lJ],ltitlll, s°lventsandauros_lPr°Pellant'_l]_¢aLIseCPCsarerlotde_lr°Y edi_lhul_wr Complla nee Schedule: A n_,l_tiated _re_'mc'nl but_wen a p_llLtti_t __lltlrce "_ almosph_'e they drift into Ih_ upper a_nlosphL,ru _vll_r._t]_ir clll_rill,: c_llll- nnd a _overiim_nt a_.:ncy thai :_p_ci_ie__t_tu_.and pr_lc_'dLtr_'sb_' _vl_i¢l__ '_ poll_rll_ d_stroy ozone. _oLIr¢_will _'L'Ud¢__m Jt_Jl_llsand_ t]lcr_b_,, ¢_]nlply with a r_ul,I t Joll. Chloros[s= 12J_c_lorafion_f nn_'mally _r_'..'nplant part_,,t hat can b_ ¢._J_edby CompiIst_ A mi×t_treof _a_'ba_ ,_nd cle_radablu trash _vith s_il hi _vhi['h ¢,_traJn disease, ]_lckof nutrients, or vafic_u_air p_llulants_ bacteria in the s_il break dr_vn the E]arba_e_nd trash into _r_ani¢ f_tti]izer. Chromium: (Se_:heavy nl_ta]s,) Comp_sting: Th_ natLtr_l bi_llo_J¢_]duc_m_ptlsJti_no_{]rgani¢ nl_lerial in the Chronic TDxi¢lty_ The cap_c[ly _ a _ubs_anc_ (t_¢,_tls_'lon_-_t_rlll pl)J_llllotl_; pru_'n_ of .lit to1"oT[1a_hurll_l_-Iik_ nlat_riill, Co_t r_)]]_!dnlulhL)d_(]_¢oF_lp_l_l. hum_ln hea]th _ff_'ct_, (Seu;acute Ioxicity,) mg in¢lud_ m_chanical mi×ing and _L'rating, venfilatin_ the nlal,:ri_ls by Clariflcation_ Cle._fin_,acJi_nthai oo:u{_;durln_ _v,_ste_vater _realnlent whet_ drc_ppJngth_nl ll_ro_lE,h a _-'etrica) s_ri_s _f .lura_'d charnbur_, _r _lacin_ th." ._o]l_]__ettle out, 'l'hjs Js_]ll_n aideLI by centrifu_] nctil_n and ch._mJcally compost in piles _llt in the open air _nd mixing J_(_rlLirnlng il peri_d_caIly. Jnducud co_uhtllon In _w_tulv_t_', Cla_*lfier_A lank Jr_Ivhlch _o]id_ar.: _;ettl_dt(_th_'L,_ltom and are s.hs_q uentl},

Cleanup: Aclion_ _ak_'n tn dua_ wifll a ru_asu or thruat _f r_fease _ .I h,l_ rll_u_ _ltl_t a/lee t]l_t _ould affect hllm_, and_]r th_ c_;'ir[lnmr.Rt, TII_ liZZT__c]_anup" J_SDnletinl_s Ll_d Jrlt_{ch_ll_Li]y Ivith IJiL' turltl_;renl_i_l _clJon, r_mowl _¢tJoii, t_nn_ _¢lJlln, Ill" cL_rr_ctivt_act Jlln,

4 Conditional Registration: Under s lecia] circumstances, the Federal in- Cosl ge¢overy: A legal m_cess by whMI _otential]y responsible _artieswbo tiecticld_, Pungcide_ an_ _olent cide Act (P ggt'_) permits registration of cnnlributedtocontanlinat]onatagLiperhnldsi_ecanLlereqniredtoreilnburse [_esrioide pruduct_; thai is "conditionaP t upon tile submission of adddional the Trnst Pond hit nloney spent daring any cleanup actions by Ibe federal ata. These special circum sta noes incblde a findin_ by the ErA Adnrinistrahw govermnent, tbatanewpToduetoruseofaflexistin_pesticiduwillnotsigniiicanti.increase CovenVeg_2tationurothernlateria]provkl]ngpfotectblnasgronIldcover. tb_ risk el nnreasonabie advt_rse effect!:. A produ¢l conlatnin_ a new f _re- vious]yunregistored) actlveingred[entmaybecondirionallyregisterednnh'if CovcrMateriahSoihJsedtocovercompactedsoJidwasteinasanitarylandgll. the Administrator finds that such condithnlal rc,_istrarion is in tbe mbltc Crawlgpace:[nsometype_ofhouses, _'llicll arec(_nstrt_cted stltllattllefl_l(_r interest, that a reasonable rime for conductblg the additional studies has not is raised slightly above tile ground, an area heneatb the floor width allows elapsed, and rile u_e of the pesticide for tile period of conditional registration access to utilises and other services, This i_ in contrast to dab-on-grade or will not presl:nt an unrcasonagie risk, baselllent construction bellieS. Ctmfin_d Aquifer: An aqoifer in which gronnd water is confined nnder Criterla;DescriprivefactorstakenintoaccotmtbyEPAinsedillgstandardsfor pressure which is Mgnlficantiy 14renter than atmospheric pressure, various po]lntants. These faclors are ttsed to determine ]inlits nn a]]owabJe Consent Decree; A legal document, ap )roved by a [ttdge, that formagzes an concentration levels, and to linrit tbo number of viola fions per year. When • agreement reac led between I_ A and potentia y respons l_]epart es PR s issued by ErA, tile criteria _nMde guidance to tile slates on IIolv to establish through which PRps will conduct all or part of a cleanup action at a Superfund the r slant ards. _ge;ceaseorcorreetactioasorprocessesthatarepollugngtheenvimnmonbor CriterlaPollutants:Tbet971tamendnlentsk_theCleanAirActre_ldredEPA otberwI_ecomplywirilregu]ationswherorilePRPs'failuretocomp]ycaused tosetNationalAmbientAirQuaIRygtandards orcertainpo utantsknownto EPAtoing]ateregulatotyenforcementac_Ions. Tlleconsentdecreedescribes l_ella_ardo_Jstt_liIJtllatli_ealtll, gl_Ail,lsidentifiedazld_etslandarList°p r_)tect the action_ POPs wgl take and may be subject tua public comment pedod, human health and welfare for si_ pollutants; ozone, carbon mnn_xido, total Conservation: Avoiding wasw of, and renewing when po_sibte, human and suspended particldates, su]hlr dio_ide, lead, anti nitrogen o_ide. 'l'be term, I'criterla pollutants" derives from the rot nirement that EPA must describe tile nalurafresources. Theprotection, improvement, anduseofnahmdresources characleristiesalldpolentialbealthandwe]fareoffectsofrilesepolluhlnts, ltis fiaccts,ording to principles that Will assure their highest economic or social bone- on the bash; ol those criteria dtat standards ore set or revised, Contact Pesticide: A Cllenrical that kifls pests when it touches them+ rather CubieFeelPerMJnule{CFMhArneasureofthevohmleolasnhstanceflowing than by being eaten (stomach poison), Also, soil fllat contains tile mbnde throngb air witlrin a fixed period (If time. With regard to indoor air, refers to skeletons of certa]n aigne that scratches and dehl,draies waxy.coated insects, flle amount of air, in cubic teeb tbat is exchangud witb indoor air hl a minute's time, or an air exchange rate. Contaminant:Anyphysicai, chemical, biological, orradbdogica]_;ubstanceor CuRuralEutropldearion:hlcreasblgrateatwbichwaterbodies"die"bypoilu- matter that has an adverse affect on air, water, or soil, tier1 froth human activities. Contingency Plan: A dncLtment setting out an organized, p[anned, and ¢our- dinMod course of notion to be followed in case of .1fire, oxpklshm, or otbur Cumtdarive Working Level Month_ (CWLMb The s,m o_gfegmeexposore to ace]deal that release*, toxicchenllcals, hazardo.s wastes, or radioacgve mate. radnn working levels expressed tn total working level months, rials which lhreaten humall heaJllt or theenvirnnment, (Seo: National Oihlnd Curle_ A quantitative measure of radioactivity oqua] to 3.Y x lOIOdJsintegra. Hazardous Substances Contingency I)ian,) lions per second. Contract Labs_ Laboratories under contract to El',:, telrich analpze samples Curie-Ple_ All htslroment used to nluasuru radiation level. s• :_l taken from was_es, soil, air, and water or carry out research projects, Cyclone Collector; A device tbat uses cuntrJfnga] force to pull [argo par Scb.s Contrails= Lens, narrow clouds eanscd when high.flying jet aircraft dJstnrb from polluted air. glo atmosphere. Contour Plowirig: Farming methods tbat break ground following the shape of D the land in a way tbat discourages erosion, Control Technique Guideline_ fL"I'G b A series of ErA documents designed DDT: Tl_e first ch]orbtated Ir),droca rboo insecticide (cbendcal name: Dicbioro. Otphsdyl-Tricldoromet hamq, It basil haft-Ore uUByearsand can collect in fatty majtoas_orlstsotaturcesesindefbof livngolraeasortile organtableavaic i]compoableeountndsrolteebno(VOtClog_, '(RACl')b)r tis_uesoicertatnanimals. EP,_hannedregistrat]onandinterstatcsaleofDD T for virtLta]lyall bat emergency uses in tile United Slates in 1972 because of gs Conventional Pogutants; Statutorily listed pollutants which are under,*toed persistetxce in the environment and accumnlagon in tilt food chain. weg by scientists. These may be in the form of orga nic waste, sediment, acid, bacteria and viruses, nutrients, oil and grease, or ileal, Data Call.ln: A part of the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) process of developingke,reluiredtustdata, es ec_a]J_'onthutong.term, chronieeffectfi Conventional Systems: Syslems that have been tradlgonally used to collect of existing pesriclde_, in adwmce of s_ledtded gegJst ralgln Standard reviews, ! municipal wastewater in gravity sewers and convey it to a central primary nr Data Cart-in is an adjunct of file Registration Standards _rogram htlended to secondary treatment plant prior to discharge to surface waters, expedite reregistration and invoh, es tile "calling in" of data fronl man- Coolant: A gquid or gas used to reduce tile heat generated hy power produc- ufacturers.

! liprocon ehzisons,ucleaandar ruelactomoor.b_i],eee[nectgirinecs.ge.erators, variousindustria] anti mechanical JtDewddithorinahydrirogenon_Removoralhyofdrcilk_oxiderine(romJtlralssubin staordencor bt,odlemidetoeaxlltlyyrepJafilecbtgsubstances in-

, cCoooMilantng; eTo.g,wer*, in eAlecstrtricuchplorwere thatgenherelagngps remploavntes. heat front v.'aier used as a Devoicced.ibel (diShA unit t)f sound measurement, Jr1general a sound donhies bl Core: The uranium-containblg heart of a nlJClear reactor, where energy is ]otldness fur ever), hlcrea_e of tell decibels, released. Decompc*sllion: The breakdown of reader by bacteria and fungi, It changes Cartesian: Tile dissolving and wearing away of metal caused by a chemical file chemioa[ makeup and pl_ysical appearance of materials, "t reacgon such as betweun water attd the pipes Rio/tile water contacts, cbenl- Icals touching a nleta] surface, or contact between two melals. Defoliant; A ilerbicido rilat removes leaves from trees and growing plants. Degradation: "rile process by which a cllemical ]s reduced to a ie_s conIp]ex Corrosive:Achemica]agenttllatrcactslvirilrilesurfaceofanlah_rialcaushlgit fo_m. to deteriorate or wear away. Delegated Stale* A state (or artier governnlental entity) wlricll has applied for Cost.EffectiveAItemativet An alternativecontrotnrcorrecth'emetbod ident[- and received authority to administer, within its territory, its state regulatory fled after analysis as being tl_o best oval]able bl terms ol reliability, per. programastllefederal rogranlreluirednnduraparticldarfederalstatute. As manence, and economic conslderaSon_. Although cosi_ are une inlportant ttsed in connection lvit_ NPDES. _JC. and PP,'S _rograms, tile term does not consideration, wben regulatory and compliance rnetllOds are being con- connote any Irons ero fe_ erM atlllOr t), to a state. sidered, such analysis does not require ErA to choose the least expensive alternative. For exam ]e, wilco selecting a nlethod for cleaning tlpa s]teon the Dellst: Use of the petitiml process to have a facility's toxic designation res- Superflmd National _rioritiu_ List, rile Agency balances costs witl_ tile glng- cinded. term effectiveness of tile variotls methods proposed, Den]tdgcarion: The anaerobic bg}h)_ica] redncdon {if nitrate Flitro_en to nit- Disinfectant: A cbemica] nr physical process that kills latbo_enieorganisms rages gas, ill water. CIllnrine is often used to dish1fecl sewage treatment eli_uent, waler Deplegoneur_'e:lnhydraulics, agrapbiealre_resentationnfl_'atetdelletion supplies, wells, and _lvinl ruing pools. from sturage*stream channels_ surface suil, and gnlnnd water. A depledo[i Dlspet_anl_ A chemical agenl used to break lip concvntralJollS of or_anic carve can be drawn for base gow, direct runoff, ur tulal flow, iltalerial such a_ spilled uih DeErl:Bsurizagorl_ A condition thai occur_ when the air pressure inside a Disposab PinaIpiacenlent or d[_struction of logic, radioactivo, urutberwastes; stricture is louver than the air pressure outside. Depressudzalion can Occur surplus or banned pesticides or other chemicals; pulluled soils; and drums when Ilou_eho[d appliances that consume or exhaust house air, snob as containing hazardous materials frtlm removal actions or accidcnlai releases. fireplaces or furnaces, are not supplied with enough makeup air. Eadon- Dis osal ;nay be accompliMled rilruugb use of approved secure kludfll[s, containing soil gas may be drawn isle a house more rapidly tinder de- sur_aceimpoundments, land farndng, deepw_.qlinj...crion, oceandunlping, or pressurized conditions, incblerarion. DermalToxt¢[ty:Theabilgyo[a _esgeideorhlxie¢hemicaltuf,oisonpe. dt..t_r Dissolved Oxygen (DOb The t}xygeu freely available in water. Dissolved an nla s by contact w t _ t le sk I1, See: contact post ¢ de, oxysen is vital to fisl_and other aquatic life and for the prevention of odors, DEC: A synt belie estrogen, dielhylslilbest rol is used as a gnlr.'t h slimula nt il'_ Traditionally, tilt., level of dissolved oxygen has been accepted as the siugle food animals, Residues in meat are fllought to he earcinosenic, n/ost Important indicator of a water body'sabilgytosuppurt desIrable a( untie lih._. Secondary and advanced waste treattnenl are Com.,rally designed to Deaagnization: Removing salt from uceau or brackish water, protect DO in waste-receiviug waters. Desiccant: A chemical agent Ibat abss orbst_moislure; some desiccants ate cap- Dissolved Sol[ds_ Disintegraled _}rganie.and inorganic, material c(_ntained in able of dryin_ out plants or insect." cau.'ing dearil water, Excessivt.. anlounts make wah.*r unfit to drink or use in bldustrial • De, Ignored Pollutant: An air pollutant which is neither a criteria nor processes. hazardous pollutant, as described In Ihe Clean Air Act, but for which net'.' Di_gllagon: The act of purifying liquids througll beiling, so that tbe steam source performance standards exist. Tbe Clean Air Act does require stales to condenses to a pure liquid and tb_' pollutants remain in a concentrated rest- control tbese [3ollutants which include acid mist total reduced sulfur (TP.S), due. and fluorid.-'s, DNA: Deoxydbunucletc acid, file molecule In wlgcg tile geneg¢information Deslgner Bug_: [ opular term h}r microbes dev._loped thrt ugh bioteduugugy for most gvb_g ceils is encoded, Viruses, too, can contain DNA. Ibat can degrade specific toxic chemicals at tbeir source in toxic waste dumps DNA Hybridization: Use of a segment of DNA, called a DNA probe, to or in gnmnd water, ittentify ira complementary DNA; used to detect specific genes 'figs process Desulfurizagon: Removal of sulfur from fossil fuels to reduce polhltitm, takas advantage of Ihe ability of a single strand of DNA to combine with a DesignatedUses:Tllosewah_rusesidentifiedinstatewatertth_litystandards complementary strand, Ivllicb must be achieved and maintained as v-'_uired under the Clean Water Dose: hi radiology, tile quantity of en.-,rgyor radiation abe.orbed, ACL Usescan inc ude co d _'.'ater is leries, public water supply, agricubur,.% etc. Dosimeter: _n instrument thai nleastlres exposure [o radiation, Detergent: Synthetic wasldng agent rilat beIps to remove dirt and uil. St me Dredging: Renloval of mud from tbe bottom of water bodies using a scooping contain compounds which kill useful b._cteda and encourage algae growfll machine, This disturbs tile ecosyslem and causessilting that can kill aquatic when riley are in wastewater that reacbes receiving waters, • life. Dredging tff contaminated muds can exposeaquatic lift • to Ileavy metals and otller taxies. Dredging activities may be subject Io reguIatk n under Developer. A person, government unil, or companp that proposes tu build a Section 494 of the Clean Water Act. hazardous waste treatment, storage., or dtspa.'als fadlity. Du lop: A site used to dispose of solid wastes wg]lou t environmL'lgal cent rols. Diatomaceou_ garllt (Dfatomiteh A chalk-like material {fossilized diatoms) Dust: Pargcles light enough to be suspended ill air. used to filter out solid waste in waste-water treatment pin sis; also used as an active ingredient in some powdered pestldde_, Dust[all Jar: An open container used to collect large particles from tb_ air g r measurement and analpsls. Dlazlnan: An insecticide. In 1986, EPA benned its use on open areas such as sod farms and golf courses because it posed a danger to migratory birds who Dystrophic Lakes: Stlallow bodies of water tllat contain nlucb btmms and/nr gathered on them In large numbers. Tile ban did not aI t ly to its use in organic mailer; that contain many plants bel few fi.h and are Id,qhlyacidic agriculture, or on lawns of homes and commer¢i,d establishments. E DIcoftd: A peslicide used on citrtls fruits. Ecological Impact: 'rbe effect that a loan-made or nalural activily bas nn living Diffarentiation: The process by whicll single ceils grow into particular forms organisms ,and their nondiving (abiotic) envirt)nloent of specialized gssue, e.g,, root, stem, leaf, Ecology: The relationship of living filings tu one anoriler anti rileir environ. Diffused Air:. A type (If aeration that forces oxygen into sewage by pumping meat, or the st tidy of such relagonsldps. alrthroughperhratedptpesinsideaholdingtankandbubbllngilthrtlughtbe E¢onomlclols)ons:ChemicalsusedtocoutrolpestsandtadefoIlalecasbcrops * sewage, such as cotton. Digesten In waslewater treatmenL a closed ta ok; in solid waste conversion, a unit in _elgch bacterial action is induced and accelerated In order to break Ecosphere:The"bio.bebble'tltalcontainslifeonearth,hlsurfacewaters, and in tile air, (gee: biosphere.) down organic matter and establish the proper carbon.to-nitrogert ratio. Digestion: The biochemical decomposition of organic matter re.sttlring in Ecosystem: The interacting system of a biological ctlmnlunity and its ntis- partial gasification, [[quefacation, and mineralization of pollutants, living environmental surroundings. Effluent* Wastewater--treated or untreated--that flows out of a treatment li Dike: A low wall tbat can act as a barrier to prevent a spill from spreading, plant, sewer, or industrial outfalL Generally refers to wastes disdlarged inlo DgurionRada:Therelationsbipbetweenrilevolumeofwaterinastreauland surface walur_. tbe volume of incoming water, it affects the abilily of the stream to assimilale Effluent Limftarion: Restdcgons established by a State or EPA on quanEges, waste, rates, and concentrations in waslewaler discharges Dinocap: A fungicide used primarily by apple growers to conlrtM summer diseases. EPA, in 1986, proposed restricrions on its use ruben laburattlry tests ElectrodJalysis* A process that uses electrical currant applied to permeable found it caused birtb defects in rabbits, membranes to remove minerals from water Often used to desalbdze salty or brackish water. Dinoseb: A herbicide that is also used as a fungicide and insecticide, Itwas banlled by EPA In 1986 because il posed the risk of birtb dulcets and sterility. Electrostatic Precipitator (ESPh An air pollutkm control device that removes Dioxln: Any of a family of compounds kuown chemically as dibenzo-p- parEclesfromagasslream(smoke)aftercombustimloccurs. Tllel_SPlloparts dioxins. Concern about them arises from their potential toxicity and con- an electrical charge to tile particles, causing tbem to adllere to nlutal plates lamination in commercial products. Tests on ill.rotary a nimals indicah, tbat it insidethepreelpitator, Rappinguntheplalescausesgleparticleslofallintna is one of tbe more toxic man-made chemicals known hopper for disposal Direct Dl_cbergen A municipal or industrial facility which kllroduces poilu- Eligible Costs: Tile construcrion costs for waste-water treatment wtlrks upnn lion tbrougb a defined conveyance or system; a point source, '.vbicb EPA grants are based.

6 Emerfiency (Chemicall: A Si¢Ll,_li_ncreatc,d by aE1,lcci_fenta]rclea, _;e_r s _i]lc)f

file environmunL, _lr pr_lp_'r_y, ag_'n_'i_ irl'.'c_[_'du w_t]l the'cl_nlr_ll_ _llLlfi_n,

Eminent DQmaJn_Cc_,ernment_aking_ f_rcc'daCq_lJ_itJ_r_--_ _priv,lt_:lar_Ll dJt;_,_,_in n :_tll_1_¢_nl: nlLinit_, _r r,_laLi_,_ly_nla]l ,_rt,a.

Em_jO_l_ l_olhltinn _[J_char_l'dJnt¢}_he_LUIllls_huT¢_rtlm t,r11L_kt':;¢t,_L;s,lltL_r wznt% _nd_iur.lc_r_c_ciirnrll_r¢_ (it ndusLr_ f.1¢JI _:_friin_ rc'_id_lttal }_l_lur_tlllll_, Ihe _¢tllr_; (e,_,_,_E_L',s_'x_i1¢¢_1laL[_ll_,_¢l_f_llEIiJ:__t,l_ll_;)that chinl n,:_.,_;a_nd fr_m m_l_r v_hic[e, Jc_c_lnloti_,uc_r, ,_J_cr_f_ cx]laLl_t_,, inl]L_L.nctehi:_dit_(rJbuli_ll, and tile apF_lJca_i__n[ Lhi:__tlilly t_¢_lntr_] hu,_]th Enli_ion F_c_o .L,]_erul,_ti_ln_hJpb_lw_un ll_u arnr)unLc_fF_c_iluti_mp_L_dLtc_d propellents. _ndth_m(_unlc)_-r_,,/_l_[_ri_lprc)ce_d.F_lrex_3_lpl_tl_nlj_iiil_¢t_r fl_r _pJ_((_ [Pollulioi_)_ .AI__Jr _llllutJon JrlcJ_l_:rJ]tl l _ _JWll ,lrc'_l¢_lll_t'_]b_,_,1

• taobn],_t_lof r_"rnaceII_t_l_imakin._Jronwuu]db_th_n_lniB_ro[p_ll_dsaIp,_r_icL_rat_p_er d[_i_r_LhaI_n_vre_LI. ]_iI1_signiIic_Ilt_ncr_eini_n_rduath_ffhl3_i_4h mll_t _llnll_l(Inl_ ll_;_l in _'_l_t[LIntL3.1i_"L_IIIILI_J_lll__lt _t_Tn_nl_'_ll_l_ [_ Ll_d in

discharged Into thu _Lm0_her_' _f _ c_nlrll_lrlit_,.It i_ LI_U_ttL__'sl._bli_]l ulni_- [Jo]htti_n _itu,_U_n. _i_n _t_nd_rd_. E_luJw]en_ _h_d; i_ny rn_th_l _l__*_rT_1ling ._nd arl*_]_,_in_4for ,_ir _lllu Iff_n I_mi_[_n Sl_nd_rd; Th_ ina_iml_m amLiLint_f ._ir pollltting dJ_h_lrg_' I_'_la]l_' _l_Jcll hn_ burn d_nlon_r_Led L_t lu F.'J_A/_dmJni_,trat_lr'__*_t_ _¢ti_n _ _, _llow_d from _ sIn_I_ _lllr¢_ m_bJll_ _lr ;ff*ltiOn*lty. uild_'r _p_cIfi¢ conLt]Lii_n_, _n _¢¢_pl_lLllu*lltl_r_l*llivetn Ih_ rl_lrn_lJl_'LI_._I

f._iU_iu_ (o decr_ p_lJuLiorl_r_m _In_ _,_¢ilitiu_ while incr_sJn_l i__r_ln Equll_Urlum; In r_J_tic_nt_ radia_h_ll_ the _t_t_ ._t whidl Ih_'r_ldi_clJl'Jl_' i_f

Fnci]t_(e_wh_re Ih[_J_dan_*_r_ tru,_t_d as JfI]Lu_.'exi_lin _ L_Llbt_in]_ w_lJchI_l,_t d_¢re_iz_g.

m_y "b_nk" their "¢r_dJ(s"or s_l[ them to _L]_urir_du_Lri_, na_LJT_]_yfr_nl w_ffl_r _r run_ff bLl_¢.lJ_ L_ inlun_ffi_d by t_nd-cl_Ting I_nd_nger_d Species; Antm_l_, bJrd_, I'i_h, p],_n_, _r _llh_r_iving or_ni_rn_ thre_ten_d wiLh _xUncffo_ l_ym_n*m_deor n*_t_lralch_ng_s in lh_ir L,z_vJr_n, ing, nr tinlb_r-cL_ttlnfi. mont. _quirem_nLs for d_¢larJn__ sl__'¢t1__;_d_n_l_r_d _re C_I_JnL'_[ irl the' 1_5t_1_ R_l_i_ltl:_11_in I_'r*lcLillnb¢_'_*n rJ_'_r_;an_ nu_lr_llLir_11¢_'_n _'_*r_, llnd_n_red Species Act. why're _id*_l_¢li_l_ _nd rigour[1_1_cru_e ,1hilling of _ru_h_nd _lt _'_t_r. TLI_e End_l_¢_ltl_n_ A_se_m_nt; A _tlldy ¢onL_ucled (_3_lL, rnlin_ _h_ n_lllr_ .Ind _ r_*15m_y Jnclud_ b_ly_ n_lllLJ_fio( rJv_, _,,llt nl_r_;h_i, _lnd I_ll_ln_. "['he_;_ ex[ent _ ¢onl_mJn*_LIon_t _ _iLeon thu N_i_n*_t Pri_riti_ L[_ *_nd Ih_ ri_k_ br_¢l.i_l_ _',_tur uc_y_tem_ _lelt_r _nd _,t._ m_rinl, ]ifu_ birdie, ,_nd w_ldlff_,

when _ l_g_[ _¢fi_n is Io _ t*_k_nto d[r_¢_pot_nti_lJ¥ resp_n_ihl_ p_rti_s t_l I_lhyl_ne Dlbromid_ (ff[3[ll; _ ¢1__'rTli_'_llll_d _ ,_rl_ricLIIILIr_l[Lml[_l_nt_nd _l_n up _ site or p_y _or _h_¢le*_nLip An _nd_n_lerm_llt nsse_m_nl _upp]_- in c_rtnln indu _rJ,_lprl_cu_, li_tr_m_ly t_xJc_nd ff_L_n_lI_b_ a ¢,_r¢in_ltlen in ments _ rem_d]_l Jnwstig_U_n. ]_b_r,_tt_ry anlm._l_, I!D[_ h*_5b_en l_nn_d {_r m_t _riculttt_*_l li_e_ in th_ _r_for¢_t_n_; I_P_'_ s_e, _lr]o¢_1 I_ al ,_¢lJon_t_ obtain ¢onlp]i_n_ with IJnJt_d _ta[_,

or criminal s,_ncl_n_ _r vI_lh_fions. I_nf_¢_'lnent pr_c_'dll_ rn_y _,.irI.',de- ev_l]w_Jn_o_ b_or nlar_h,_nd _,_ntL_,_]lydis,_pp_,lrs, D_rlng Illel_l'e_ s_,_g_ p_ndin_ on _]1_ _p_ciff¢ reqLlIr_m_n_ _f different _,nvirunm_'n_ll t*_w__nd o f _Lttro_hicati_n _he walcr biddy i_ ¢h_k_d I_'ilbLirld_lrlt _l,_Iltlif_ ,_ t h_ re_ull rel_ed imp ]_nl_ntinfi r_'fi_i]_t_ryrequJre_nun_s, IJnd_rCF.flC[.A,_r_x_mple, , o_incre,_s_d _rnOLln_so f nulrJ_ive ¢_nl p_Lirld__1¢]1,_ nit rog_n ,_n_tp]l(_ph_r- I_I_A will _eek _o r_q_lJre pol_,ntt_]l_' respnn_ib]e partle_ tl_cl_._n up n SLIp_'r_ u_, I ]_lnl._n ,_JvJti_ call ncc_l_r_ll_ Ih_ pr_¢u_, _und _ffe or p_y _r the c]_nul_, w]_eruns Llndert]l_ Cle,_n Air Act Ihe _ncy EulraphJc L_kes; Sh,_llol_', IIILrtky _ndi_ _lf w_t_r Ih_t h_w e_¢_i_e c_liI- rn_y lnvok_ s,_ncfi_ns _gaJnst ¢ili_ f_JJing _nm_et _lmLiJ_nL_i_ _lun]i_., _Larl- ¢_n(r,_ffons o_ p]_nt i_tltrJ_nt_ c_u_in,g _¢_iv_ _l_l pr_dLicti_n, (Si,e_ _tnrds thai could I_ruvent c_t_Jn I_"pes of c_n_Lructii_n _lr_eder_] fundir_, h_ oLher sltu_lo_ Jf Inwsli_lun_ by" EI_A ,_rld_t*_l__gu_i_s un¢o_,er _'ill[LiI

l!l_for_e_nt Decision Dncum_n_ (EDD); A document th*_tpmvid_,_ _n _x- , Iiwpot_n_pJr_ _on; The ro_s _ w_ tur _rL_nlIh u_il Ll_ltJ1by el,_p_rali_n _ nd b}' _ rn_l_ennt_tion_te_ toontileIhpeubN_till_ on_ _lI![_PAn'sot_t_e]m__cl_ILon._o_s__ih__cll_lr_nutop _ R__clternatIord av_ D_t_sIeonnfo. rce- tran_pIr,_ti_n from the pl_nt_ gr_wirlg i_lIhe _i]. I_nrJchmenl; "l'h_ _d_li_ion _l nLitrJ_nL_(e,_l,_ nJlro_eJI, ,_h_s_llorus, ¢._rl_l Exceed_t_ce; Viol_Lion _1__nvlr_lln_n_,_l p_lec_i_ln _it_nd*_d_i5_.r ux¢_'uding ¢_m_oour_d_ frojn _elv_ge *,f_ltent _r _gricultiir,_l r_ln_ff l_l_L_C_ water. T_IJ_ ._now,_blelirnil_L_rconcun_r,_lion)_vuls. ! proce_ _re,_[y incr_ _11_gro_vL]_p_'nU_ nr _]_I_ _nd nqu,_t ¢ t_]_rl_, Exclusionary; Any _orm _f zLiniilfi l_rdirl._Ji¢_tEl_lttuEid_ I_ _,x_ll_de _l_'¢ifi_ Environn_et_t; Th_ _u_l o_ .111ext_rn._l ¢ondiLi_ns _ff_,¢tillg _h_ li_, du_,_'_op° classes of p_r_on_ _r bu_j_es_ frL_m*_p,_rficul_r di_LrlcL_r *_ru,_.

_ En._rvteranmend pur_ut_I*_An_tessmt_ _lllht;e;_N,_w_ttefitlnne_nJv_l_l!nvnir_nlnennt,_l_ntlan_,_l[y_iP__wlJhicc_hi.,A_pr__t to d_t_Tnlin_ _h_lm_ntot_c]nl_f mJreg¢._ul,_l rfinn_._ctb_'¢_l_J_,ity. ffl_'yh_v_ _,n de_'mt'd by F-PA IL_I_of n_li_iL_l_ _h_Lh_r,_ed_r,_]_ctionwould_ignific,_nLIl',_ffectthue_l_'lr_nlen_andt]lu_ !_xempted Aquifer. IJnd_r,_rnuJid 5odit's _[ w_Lur defil_ud Jn Ih_ tJJl_l_r- r_qu[r_ p_p_r_lLJi_n Qf _ mor_ d_lJll:d _nvJTllnm_nt_l lmp_¢_ _,_l_m_n_. _rolltliI Ill _cffon C_l_rol lrll_r*lm .1__i lli_¢r_ (ll_t _r_ SOLI_¢_:__t¸ _:l_'illkin_ l!nvi_at_ment_l Audit: ], Anlnde _,nden L,_s_nlun_ a_ ffl_ c_lrr_'ntsh_tu_ o fa I_r_y'_ complI_nc_ _'ith a_]i¢_l_ _nvir_lnm_nf*_l r_qulr_nlent_, 2..a.rl in- r_gLi]_li_n_ b_rrlng under,Ireland ir_i_¢tJ_n_¢fiv[IJus,

F.nviro_m_t_llr_p_c_Sl_t_nlelll;Ad_curn_ntreqLlIred_f[_d_r_h_nci_by _nvir_nnlen_, he NatJon_] Envir_nm_nt,_l PoliO, Act f_r m_ _r _ro _CL__r ]_l;i_h_tive pro. I_x_r_nlely I'l_z_rdous Substances; Any _f ._l)(_¢h_mi¢_l_ i_renlJfi_'db_,I!l_.a. on po_[_ signJfic,_nt]y _e¢_Jn_ I]le environment. A toni {or d_cJ_i_n nlakJn_I,it the b_J_ _f _icJty_ ,_nd li_tud t_ndur ._,]_A 'E'itl_I]1. TJl_ li_t I_ _L_bjecLto d_scr_b_s_]lepo_jtiw_ndn_g_tJw_ffect_[L_l_und_r_.lktngnz_dli_t_ll_rll_, rL_vi_Jon. Uv_ _¢lJons. En_'l_'ai_ment_l Ile_pDns_ 're_m; EI_._. exp_rL_ I_¢*_t_dIn Edition, N J, ._nd i Cincinn_U O[ I, _,]1o ¢_n p_lvlde ,_roLind-Llle-c]ock t_]lnic,_3 as_Jst_nc_ (L_ F Plume: A oa[ura] or nlall.Olade channel that db'ertt+ ivateL Flush: I. TOopen a cold.water tap to dear out all die water wbkb may have Pabric Pllter. A cloth d_.,i,ice dial catches des1 particles from industrial emis- been sitting tar a long tinle in the pipes, In new homes, to flLIsh a syst,..m sions, means to send large volunles of water gushing dmmgb die unused pipes to Feasib[litySludy: l. Analysisof thepracgcabggy uf a lro losal;e.g,,adescdp, remove loo_e parfi¢[es of solder and flux, 2. To glrce large amounts of water tlon atld analysis oftbe _otentia].....c[eanLi _ allemafives " Iora site or aherllagves " Ihrollgh gq.id Io clean out piping or tubing and storage or process lanks, for a s e on he Na lanai Prlonles LIs. e feasbl ) s ely is all) recommendsselecgonofacust.effecliveaberuative, llusuagyshlrtsassnuoas Ply Ash: Non-combusgble residual parfides fronl tile ¢ombesfion process, the remedial investigation is underway; togelher, gley arecununoolp referred carried by gee gas. Io a_ Ihe "RI/PS." The term can app}y to a variety of _ru used correcgl'e or Fogging: A _gping a )esticide by rapidly beating tile Ib uid chemical so Ihat it regulatory actions. 2. In research, a small-scale bn,estigat_m (if a mlblem to forms very lille droplets Illat resernble smoke or fog, ]l maybe used to destroy ascertain whether or not a proposed research approach is gkelp h_ provide mosquitoes, black flies, and similar pests. useful data, Food Ghaifl; A set oence uf orgargsuls, each O[ which uses the nexL hlwer Fecal Coliform Bacteria: Ilacteria found in die inlestinal tracts ol maolmals, member of the sequence as a uud Source, Their presence in water or sludge is an hldicator of pollution and pnssilde Formaldehyde: A colorless, pungenb Irritating gas, CI [20, used clgefly as a contamination by padlogens, distn/ectant and preservative and bl synfllesiz/ng ¢lgler compnunds and re* Feedlat: A re[abvely small, confinedareafurfllecontrogedfeedingofafimals sins. fltat lends to concentrate large amounb_ (if animal _/astes Ibat eannot be Formulation:TbesubstanceormixtureofsubstanceswhJd;iscunIprisedulall absorbed hy die soil and, hence, _lay be carged m nearby slreams or lakes by active and [neff ingred[enls in a pesbcide, i raining runoff, Fresh Watch Water dial generally contains less than LO0flndlligrams-perdi_er * Fen: A type of wetland that accumulates peat de _osgs. Fens are less addie of dissolved solk[_. tban bogs, derivingmost uf Uleirwater fronlgroundwaler richblc,dcblmaod Fuel Economy 51andard: The Corporate Average Fuel Econump Standard m_gnesium. (See; v_eg_r.ds.) (CAFS) whidl went hltu effect in 1978. h was meanl to ellhance die national Fermentatlom Chemical reactions accompanied b)' living microbes dial are fuel conservagon ef/orl by slowing filet tonsure _tion through a miles-per- supplied with nutrients and olher critical conditions sudl as Ileal, pressure, gallon requirement for motor veldcles. and light that are specific to tile reaction at hand. Fugitive Emlsslonm Emissions nut caught hy a capture system. Fertilizer: Materials such as nitrogen and phosphorus that provide nutrients Fume; Tiny particles trapped in vapor in a gas stream. beforinplantthes, foCamrm omf eprorciacllyessesdaidseferwagetilizerssludge,may contain uther chemicals or may Furaiganh A peslicide that is vaporized Io kill pests; used in buildings and Fggng:Depos[ting_JirLandmudorothernlateria[shltoaquaticareastoereale greenimuses, moredryfand, usua[lyh)rasriculturalorclmunercia]developmentpurpuses, FunctlonalEqu[valertl_TermusedtodeseribeP.PA'sdecisiun.makingprocess Such activities often damage tile ecology of II_e a rea. and its relationship to tile environmental review cundueted under tile Nation- Flllradom A Irealment process, under tile control o[ qualitied operators, lur al Environmental Pogcy Act (NEPP.I. A review is considered functionally removingsoi[d partJcnlate math.r fromwaterbypassingdlewalerfllrougb equivalentwheoitaddressesthesubsiangveconlponenisofaNgPAreview. Fungb (Singular, Fungus) Molds, ngldewa, yeasts, nlushrooms, and puff- porous media such as sand or a man-made filter. The process is o tell used hi balls, a group of organisms that tack ddorophyll (i,e,, are not phnlosyntbefic) remove particles flint contain padlogenie organisms, andwhlch areusuagynon-mobile, filamentous, andmulgcelhdar. Somegrow Finding of No Significant Irilpact: A docuroenl prepared by a federal agency tha p esen s t le reasons w _y a roposed aegon would no[ have a significanl in the ground, olher_ attach themselves to decaying Irees and other plants, impact on the environment anoPihus would not require pre mragon of an gettingtheir nutdgon from deeomposingorganic mailer. Someeausedisease, Environmeneal Impact Statement, An FNSI is based on the results of an others stabilize sewage and break down solid wasles in composdng, environmental assessment... Funglclde_ Pesticides whidl are used to conlrul, pfevenh or desm3y fungi, FffB/Draw= The watnr flint immediately conies out wben a lap is grst opened. G This water is likely lo have file higbest level of lead contambmgon fmln plumbing materials. Game Fish: Species like trout, salmon, or bas:_,eauglll for sport, Manp of them Fine=A clump of solids formed in sewage by biological or cllengca[ action, slxow more sensgivity to envimnmenla[ change than "rough" fish, Flocculallon: Tile process by which clmnps of solids in water or sewage are Gamma Radiation= Gamma rays are true rays of energy in contras[ to alplla madeloincreaseinsizebybiug_gicalurcllemiealacfionsolhaltheyeanbe and bela radiation. Tile properties are similar (o x+rays and other separated from the Wafer, eleclromagnelic waves. They are the most penetrating waves of radiant nu- clear energy bet can be blocked by dense maleria[s such as lead, Floor Sweep= A vapor collection designed It+ca 1tore vapors whiC]l are hen vier than air and which collect along Ihe fltmr, Gasification: Conversion of solid material such as coat into a gas far use as a Plowm¢/er. A gauge dial shows lile speed uf wastewaler moving lbruugh a fuel treatment plant. Also used to measure Ihe speed of Ikluids moving Ihrougb Geiger Counte¢: An elect r[cal device dlat detects fie presence ol certain lypes various industrial processes, of radioactivity, Plue Gas: Venled air coming out of a chimney after combuslion in die burner, Gene= A lengfll of DNA tbat directs Ihe synfllesls of a protein, It can include nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, water vapor, sulfur oxides, Gene [.ibrary: A collection of DNA fragments from cells or nrganisms, Su far, particles, and many chemical pollutants, no simple way for sorting (be conlenls of gene libraries has been devised, Plue Gas De, uffudzaflon:A lechnologp which uses a sorbenb usuagy gale or Flowever, DNA pieces can be moved inlo bac_eria[ cells where sorl[ng accord- I limestone, to remove sul[ur dioxide from fl_e gases produced byburning fossil ingiogenefunclionbecomesfeasible. fuels, Flue gas desulfuriz,_flon is eurcenfly the stale-ofdhe art technology bl General Permg: A permh applicable to a cla_ or calegory _ f disdlargers, use by major 502 emitters, e.g., power plants, Generator: A facgity or mobile source tllal emits pnllulants into the air at Pluoridem Gaseous, solid, or dissolved compounds containing fluodne that releases haza_rdous wasles inlo waler or sad. resug fromlndustfial processes_ excessive amoumsin food can lead to fluoro. Genegc Engineedng: A process _f insergng new genetic information ink_ sis, exisfingcellslnordertomudifyanyurgantsmforflle• . urposeofchangingone Fluorocarbon (PC_h Any of a number of orgalli¢ colnpou_ds analogous to of ItS Claractert tics, hydrocarbons in which one or morn hydrogen atoms are replaced by guorine. Once used In tile United Sla_es as ,_ propellant in aerosols, the ' are now Germicide; Any compound that kills disease,causing microurganis_ls, primarily used in coolants and some induslrial processes, FGs containi_ GrainLoading:lherateatwllichpartidesareemittedfron_a )ollugonsource, ehlodne are called chlorofluorocarbens (CFCs). Tbev are believed to be mud- Measurement s made bY die number of gra ns per cub e fuol of gas enl lied. ifying the ozone foyer in the stratosphere, therel); allowing more harmhd Granular Activated Carbon Treatment: A filh,dng sys(em often u_ed In small solar radiation to reach die Earth's sudacu, water _ystems and individual Ilomes to remove organics. GAG can be highly Fluotosla: An abnormal eonditlon caused by excessive intake of floorhle, effective in _emoving elevated levels of radon from ivater characterized chiefly by mottling of the teeth. 8 GL'ay Water;*The term gb.'en In domesde wastewaler composed ill wasl water Heal island fir[eel: A "donle" of ele'¢at ed temperalures over an urban area rum sinhs_ hbehen sinks, balb roo_l sinks _nd tubs. and laundry lubs, caused b , stru¢lural and pavemenl heat guxe_, and pollutant emissions honl Greenhouse Eff_¢b The warmdlg of tile Eartll's atmosphere cansed [II, _ tbe area below I le donle. build'upofcarbondioxldeorofller tracegases;itisbelievedb ,nlanyscientists Ileavy _detals: Metallic e[enwnts with hitch atomic weighls, e.g., mercury, Ihat rids but]d-up agows ligbt from Ihe sun's rays to heat file Earth but cbrondum, cadndum, arseni¢,andlead, Theycandamage[ivingddngsatluw pr_ven[s a emlnterba]an¢ing lass o["heat, condenth_rions and (end to aee[lnluJa_e bl die food chain, Grinder Pump: A ntecbanicaldevice wbich _hreds solids and raises die flukt to Heptachlot:AIlinsecgddethatwasbannedonsomofoodpmductsln]975 a higher el,2vation thrtmgh pressure sewers, and all of them 1978. [t was allowed for use in seed trealment until in 1953. Gross Alpha Partlde Acliviiy_ Total activity due Ioenlisskm o f alpha _artides, More recendy, B was found in milh and odler dairy producls in Arkansas and Used as the screening measurement for radioactlvil, generaBy due to Missoud, as a result of Illegagy feeding treated seed to dairy cattle. natura]ly.occurringradiontldides, Activitylscotnmonlynleasuredinpiet_cur- ]lerblcide: A chemical pL.sticide designed to control o1"desffoy plant s, Iveeds, les, or grasses. Groa_ Beta Particle Activity: Total acBvity due Io emission of bela parlides. Herhivore: An animal that feeds on plallts, Used as the screening nleasurenlent lot radioactivity Irom man-made rad[olaucgdoss[ncethedecayproductsoffissk)narebetaparli¢[esandgaliIma IlelerotropbJc ClrBanism_ Constlnlors _iudl as bHi11ans and allinla[s, and ray emBters. Activity is commonly measured in picocudes, mailerdeeomposeforrsfe--ed-c.biefly baeleda and fungi--lhal are dependent nn organic Ground Cover. Planls grown Io keep sog from eroding. Iligh.Denstly Polyegtylene: A malerial that produces toxic hmles when Ground War er. The supply of fresh water found beneadl tile Eaflh's surfilce burned. Used Io make plastic hotfles and Giber producls. [usually in aquilers) which Is ohen used Ior supplylng wells and spriogs.

,/ Because ground water is a nlajor source el drinking water there is growing • cHigh-le;ir LeI'eaeveltorfRadlfoundoacdtllven tlcWleilrasterea(ItLctorsWborWnuasdteare gehlenerall redprociesn stinileg fupinel ofntsa, Intu-Is conce_ over areas where leaching agricultural or lndusRia[ pollutants or aferlousglreat toanyunewbocomesneartbel.¢asteslvghont shielding.(gee; substances from leaking underground storage tanks are contaminating Low.Level RadioacBve Waste3 i_ ground water. Ilolding Pond: A pond or reservoir, ustla]ly inadL_ of earth, btdg Io slore H pnguted runolf. i flabgab Tile place where a population ( e,g., human, anhn.d, plant, ndcro- Ilood Capture Bfflelency: 'the emissiuns froma process which a recaphlred by ii organism) Byes and its surroundings;, both living and non-living, hood and direcled [nlo Ibe control device, expressed as a percent of all , Half-Life; 1. The time required for a poBulanl io lose Ilalf its affect on Ihe emis_bms, environment. Per example, the halfqife of DDTin gle environnlentis 15_,'ears, I Iosl_ I. In genetics, Ihe orgallism, typically a bactedtlm, into wbieh a gene ' of radium, 1,580 years. 2. Tile gme required for ball of tile alums of a fromanodlerorganismistransplanWd, B. In nledicine, m_animalinfected by radloacgveelementtoundergodecay, 3, Tbedmerequiredfortheeliminagon t_r parasitized by anodler organism. of one half a total dose from tile body, Humus: Decomptlsed organic material. Halogen: Any of a group of fivechemleally-related nonmetallic elements dmt tlybrid: A ceII or organism resulgng from a crtlss belween lwo nnlike phmt or includes bromine, fluorine, chlorine, iodine, and astatine, animal cells or organisms, Halon gronz[ne-contalnlng compounds with long atmospheric lifetimes tlybrldonla:Abybridcelld_atprt_dncesmonodonalantibodiesinlargequan. whose breakdown in the stratosphere cause depIegon of ozone. Ilalons are Bfies. uBed in fire.fighting. Hydt_lcarbons (ItCh Chemical compuunds Blat consist entirely of carbon and HammermUh A Idgh-speed machine dis, bammers and cutters to crush, hydrogen, grad, chip, or shred solid wastes. Hydrogen Sulfide (I IS): Gas emitted during organic decomposition. Also a ElardWalet:/_lkaIinewatercnntainhlgdissolvedsohsrilatinterferewdhsonle byproduclofoilrefiningandbarning, ltsmellslikerotleneggsand, inheavy hldustHal processes and prevent soap from lalbering, concentration, can cat*se illness, Haza_'dous Air Pollutants: Air pogttlants wbich are not covered by ambient Hydtageology:Tbe geology of gruund water, wiril particular em _llasis on tile air quality standards bnt whidb as defined in the Clean Air Act. may reas.n- chendstry and movement of wilier. ably be expected to cause or contrihute to irreversihle dlness or death. Such tlydrology_ The science dealing widl the properties, distribution, and eircula- poIlutants include asbestos, berylliunl, nlercury, benzene, cnhe oven ends. lion of water. signs, radlonuclides, and vinyl chloride. Hazardou_ Ranking System: Tbe rinciple screening tool used by EPA to evaluate risks to public health andPtbe environment associaled with aban- doned or un¢ontngled hazardous waste sites. The I'[RS calculales a score lgnBable_ Capable o[ burnb_g or causing a fi_e, based on tbe potential of haz_rdous subslances spreadin from file site Impoundmenl:Abodyofwaterorshldgeeonfinedbyadam. dike, daodgate, through Ihe air, surface water, or groluld Water and on other faclnrs such as or other barrier. nearby population, This _core is the primary lacier in deciding if file sge Immedlalely Dangerous Io Life and IleaRh ([DLHh The maximum level to should be on theNagonal Priorities Lisl and, ifso, what ranking g sbould have which a heahhy individual can be, exposed, to a chemical for 30 minutes and or compaHazardoured _ toSuoblh_terance:sites 1.onAnytile mlisalted. al that poses a threat to human heallh Usedescapea wiagl'oulevelt _oufffconefincgernirrever." (gs.ibu:le]elhe'elalthof coneffcecern.)ts impairing symploms, and/or the environment. Typical hazardous substances are toxic, corrosive, In Vitro: 1. "In glass"; a lest-tube cuffure, 2. Any laboratory lest using living Igngable, exploslve, orchemicaByreaclive. 2. AnysubslancenamedhyEPAIo cells taken from an organism. bereportedlfadeslgnated quantllyoffllesubstancelsspiBed intbewatersof In Vlvo: In the living body of a plant or animal. In rive lests are Blose Ihe United States or if odlerw[se emgled [nto tile environment, laborato_ experiments carded oul on whole animals or hunlan volunteers. ltazardou_ Waste; By-products of sodely Ibat can pose a substantial or poten- Incineragon:l, Burningofcertaintypesofsobd, Iiquid, orgasetmsmaterials. Bal hazard to h uma.n health or tile environment wben improperly managed. 2, A treatment technology involving destruction of waste by controlled burn- passessesatleastoneoffourcharacledsfles(ignitability, corrosivgy, reaetil'- ing at higlt tempera(ures, e.g., burningsludge tn remove the water and reduce Ity, or toxicity), or appears on special BPA lists, the remaining residues to a safe, non-bu rnable ash which can be disposed oF Hazards Analys[s_ The procedures invol'¢ed in (I) identifying potential safely on land, in some walers, or [n underground locations, sources of release of ]la;,_lrdous materials from fixed faegities or Iranspl]rtat ion accldenls;(2)determiningthevuh_erabilityofageographicalareatoaretease IneineraBonatBea:Disposalofwastebyburningntseaonspecially.designed of bazardous matedaIs; and (3) comparing hazards Io determine which pr- incinerator ships. esent greater or lesser risks to a commundy. Incineralor: A furnace for burning wastes under Conlrldled condJthlns. Ilazards Identlflearion: Providing Infomtation on which facgides bare ex" lndleaton Inbiol0gy, anorBanlsnhs _edes, orenmnlunilywhosecbaracter_s. trel_e[yhaza_oussubslances, lvbatdu_sec[lenlicalsaro_andholvmuebdlere ticsshowglepresenceofspecificenvironmenla[conditiuns. is at each facilgy,The process also provides information on how thechemieals are slored and whetber Ihey are used al high lemperatnres. IndJrecl Discharge: In[reduction of +nlhRants frnm a non-dolnostic sonrce Ion_AnelectrJcallycharged MomorgrnupofaRIrnswb_chcanbedrawn from into a publicly owned waste treatment system. Indirecl dischargers vall be wastewaler daring the declrodialysis process. eommerda] or industrial facilities wbt_se wastes go into tile it+catsewers. Ion ExchanfieTrealmenh A colnmon water soheningnlethod often found ona Indoor Air: Tize breaflling air inside a babitahie structure or ctm veyance, large scale at water puriflcatinn plants that remove some organics and radium lndootAirPollulion:Chemica], physical, t_rbiohlgieal contanlhlants in indoor by adding calcklm oxide or calcium hydroxide ILlincrease file pfI to a level air. where file metals will precipitate lml. Indoor Climate: 'l"emperaturo, htnnidity, righting anLi noise levels in a habit- Ionization Chamber: A device fllat nleasures 1he intensity of itnriziltg radio- able structure or conveyance, indoor climate can affecl indoor air pnlltflion, tion, Inert lngredienb Pestidde coin mnenis such as solvents, carriers, and sur. Ionizing radiation: gadJatkln fllat can remove electrnns from atoms, Le., factants t tat are not aclive a_a nst target pests. Not a]] nert ngredlenls are alpha, beta, and gamma radialion. innocuous, irradiated Ptmd_ Food fllat bas been subject to brief radioactivity, usually by Inertial Separatort A device that Lazescentrifugal force to separate waste gamma rays_ hi kill illsects, bacloria, arid muid, and preserve it withoul particles, refrigeration or freezing. • Infiltration: 1. 'File penetration of water tbroug]l tbe ground surlace into Irradiation:l!xposureloradiagonofwavelengths shurterglanthoseofvisible sub-so rf,_co soil or the penelrogen of water from Ibe soil into sewer or other [[gitt Iganl ms, x.ray, or uhra:'iu[et), for medical ptlrposes, the deslrncrion of pipes IhrotJgh defective joints, connections, or manhole wags, 2, A land bacteria ill milk or uriler foodsluffs, or forlad tieing polylneri._alion tff mr}nora- applleaflontechnlquewhe_elargevolumesofwaslewalerareappliedlniand, ors or vnlcanizafion o( rubber. allowed to penetrate the surface and percolale litrough tile underlying soil. Ird_agan:Technblue forapplying water nr wastelvater b_ land areas to supply (See: percolation) rile water and nutrient needs o[ plants. Inflow: EnOyof exlraneous rainn'aterJnloasewersystemfromsonrcesotber Isotope; A variation of an element that bas tile same atomic nnnlber but a thanlnfiltr_xfion, suchasbasementdrains, manboles.stornldraiuS,*lndstreel dflferenl weig]lt because of its neotruns. Vaduus isotlqle!,uf flzesame element washing, may }lave dgferent radioactive behaviors, InfluenhWater, wastewaler, orotherliquidflowingintoareservoir, basin,or K treatment plant. Informagon File: In rite Supedund program, a rite tbat cmltains accurate, Kinetic Rate Coefficient: A number tbat describes tile rate at wlgcll a water up.to-dale documents on a Superfund site. Tbe file is usuatl ' located in a constituent suctl as a biocbemical oxygen denland or dissnlved oxygen Jn- pubgebuildingsudtasascbuot, library, orcityba tbatisconvenient orh)cal creasesordecreases, residents. L In eolian Wolf] A well Jntu which flnjds are in coted for purpuses su¢il as waste disposal, improving tile recovery of crude oi, or solution nrining, Lagoon: L Ashallow pond where sunlight bacterial action, and oxygen work Injection Zone: A geological formation, group tff formations, or part of a topurify_','astewater;a]soused._ tostorageofwastewalersorspent nuclear fits] formation - receiving fluids thro:igb it well, srodsandb, ars.. Shallow body of water, often separated from tile sea by coral reefs or lnoculum: I. Bacterium placed in cunlpost to _tart biological actkm. 2. A LandAppllcaflon: DJschargeofwastewaterontolhegn_und for treatment or ormega[rismsdium .containing organisms which is [ntrndtlced into cultures or living rouse. (See: irrigation.) Land Farming (of waste): A dis _osa] recess in which hazardous waste caInorrganibon cstruChcteurmeic,als: Chemical substances of milleral origin, not of basically dopes ted on or n I le so I s natura y dPegraded by m cro _es, Landflgs: I, Sanitary landfills are land dis nsal sites for non.hazardous solid growtInsectihcidoef: inAsecptsesti, cide compound specifically used to kill or control tile wastes al whicb the waste is spread In _lyers, compacted to tile smallest (liMb Ingp_cgon and Maintenance 1. Activities to assure proper emissions- 2,practicalSecure vcllohtmenrie,cnlandfandgcov]lers amratee diriasploasalppliseitusd atfortbehaenzadofrdouseachwaopsteer.atiThngeyday.are reIated operation of mobile sources of air pollutants, particularly automobile selected and designed to minimize tile cbance of release of hazardous sub- emissions controls, 2. Also appl[es to wastewaler treatment plants and other stances into the env/ronmenL anti.pollution facilities and processes. Lateral Sewers: Pipes tllat run under city streets and receive tile selvage from Instream Uele_Water use taking place wifllirl a stream cllanne[, e.g., hydro- homes and businesses, electric prover g•eneration, navigation, water-qualitp hnprtwement, /i.sfl pro* pagation, recreation. LC S0/Lethal Concentration: Median love) c0ncentra lion, a sis ndard measure of toxicity, fl tells how much of a substance is needed to kill half of a group ( f Integrated Pest Management (IPMb A mixture of pesticide and non-pesticide experimental organisms at a specific gnle of observation. (See: LD S0.) metbods to control pests, r t_ s ) LD 50/Lethal Dose; The dose of a toxicant thai wig kilt 50 percent nf the test Interceptor Sewvers: Large sewe lines glat, in a colt tined sy.'lem, contr_ ] the organisms wiflrin a designated period of lime. The lower file LD 50, file more flow of the sol ego to the treatment planl. In a stoml flley agow some of the toxic the compound. sewagetoflowdlrecflyintoareceivingstreanl, thu_ prevenringan overload b,) a sudden surge of waterb into theDsew_erbs. They arc_also o.sed Jn .separate LDO;Thehighest concenlrationofa toxiesubstance at wlrich nuneofrile test systems to collect the flows from nlain anti trunk sewers and carry fllenl Io organisms die. treatment points, LD LO:The lowest concentration and dosage ( f a toxic sat stance whicb kills Interim (Permit) 5lotus: Period during which treatment, stor,tge and disposal test organisms. facilities coming under RCRA in 1980 are temporarily pcrmitled to ( perate Leachale: A liquid fllat results from water collecting conCaminants as it trickles "_ while awaiting denial or Issua nee of a permanent permit. Permgsissued under throogh wastes, agriculhlrat pesticides, or fertilizers. Leachiiig may occur in these circumstances are usually called 'Part A' or "Part g" permits &rming areas, feedlots, and landfills, and may result in hazardnu, substances Interstate Carrier Water Supply: A source of '.voter for drinkiog and sanitary entering surface water, ground water, or soil useonplanes, buses, tralns, andshipsoperalinginnlorethanonestate. These Leachate Collecflon Syt.tem: A system fllal garilers b_achate and puntps g to sources are federaUp regulated, file surface for treatment. lnterstateWater_:WakersfllatflowacrossorfornlpartofsCateorinternafiona] Leachblg: The lrocess bp whlch soklble can slituent s are dissolved and carrled boundaries, e.g., file Great Lakes, the blississippl River, or coastal waters, down through t _e soi by a porto]at ng flu d. See: leachate, lntarsfl|ial Monitoring_ The continuo.s survegtance of rile spaca between ri_e Lead (Pb}: A beavy metal rilat Is hazardous to health if breaflled or swa]lmved. wMIs at an underground storage tank, Its use in gasoline, paints, and phnnbing con1 _ounds has been sharply res- Invenlory: TSCA inventory of cbemica]s produced pursuant to Section 8(b)of trlcted or eliminated by federal laws and regulations. (See: heavy metals.) the Toxic gubstances Control Act, Leaded Casoline: Gasogne to wlgcb lead Ii.rs been added to raise rile oclant! Inversion: An atmospheric condition caused by a layer of warm air _ruw.nting level. the rise of cooling air trap_ped beneafl_ it, This prevents the rise of x_llutants that m ght at lenvIse be dispersed and can cause an a r po nt on ep sods.

10 LeveI of Concern (LEO): The clnloentratiorl in air tlfan extremely hazardous chemicals, bealth and physical hazards, exposure gmi[s, and precautjnns. substance above which fllere may be serious immediate bealril effects m gecbon311 of SAgA requires faciliHestosubnlit MSDSsundcrcertaincir¢om- anyone exposed to d for short periods nf gme. stances, Li[Elnasanitatylandfill, aconlpaoledlayornfsolidwash'andtheb)_kl'erof MaximumConlaminantLeveb'Ybetna_imunl _ernlissiLlleleeehffacnntand. cover material nant in water delg,ored k_ ally oser O 11public water sy_toln. MCLs art* enforceable standards. Lifting Station: (See: pumping station,) Mechanical Aeration: Use (if nlecllilnical energy tn inject air bits water to Limestone Sernbbing: Process in wldril sulhlr gases UlovJng Ioleards a (nose a wasl_ stream tb absorb oxygen. sUlhsmokeslr tbefackore areIreaclaggedlos tthroughhe atnlospba erlimeste. one anti water solugon to remove Mechanical Turbulence: I,_andom irregularities of gnid meson hi air oalesed Lira[ling Patter: A condition, whose absence, or ewessb'e cnncentration, is [ly hid[dings or mechanical nnn-tbermal, pruce_ises. incompafiblewith d_eneedsnrhqeranceofaspec.i.e.sor, . _oIulationand wbicll. . Media' , Sp ecific environments--air water sag--whirl are file subjecl uf may have a negahve JnSuence on their abl tk) to grow _ exen survl'_e, regula iiry concern and actn*qtles. Ltmnology' phThe. study of fl_e yslcal , chemical . meteoroln _ical_, mid blain qg Mercury: A heavy metal that CallaCCIUllUIa[oin die enJvt nnnlenl and is hishJy col aspects of fresl* water, toxic i[ hreathed or swagowed. (See: geavy nletals.) Ltner. l, A relative[y impernleable barfler deslgned to prevcnt leachale frenl Metabo]fle:Any substan¢e produced inorhybio[ogicaI processesand derived ,_ leaking from a landfill, Liner materials include plastic and dense cla '. 2. An from a pesticide. i insert or sleeve for sewer pipes to prevent leakage or ingltratiun, hlelhane= A coh)riess, nonpoisonous, I]anunabl¢ gas created by anaerohic Ltptd goiubiIlty: Tbe maximum concentradoa of a dlemica[ fllat will dissolve decompusiEon of organic compounds. in fatty substances; lipid soluble substances are insoluble in waler. If a suh- Me(lind 18: An EPA test merilod which uses gas cllrunlatugraphic techniques stanceisllpidsolubleitwillvetyselectivel ,dlsperseflwnughtht, environmenl b_measuregleconcenlrabonofindivblualvolatileerganiccompnundsinagas vi.t living tissue, stream. Liquefaction: Changing a solid into a liquid, Method 24: An EPA reference method to delermine density, water content, Lint: Shorthand term for EPA gst of violating facilities or list nf firms debarred and total volatile content (water and VOC) uf coatings, from obtaining government contracts because they violated certain sections nf Method 25=An EPA reference method to de,ermine tile VOC omcentration in the Clean Air or Clean Water Acts. Tbe list is maintained by The Office of a Sos stream. Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring, Mllllon-gallolas Per Day fMGDh A measure td water flow. Listed Waste: Wastes listed as Ilazardous under RCRA bul wlgcb bare nnt Microbes: Mieroscnpie organisms sttcll as algae, animals, viruses, bacteria, been subjected to the Toxic Cbaracteristics Listing Process P'.'cause tbo dan- hlngus, and protozna, some of which cause disea_;es. (See: microorganism.) gers they present are considered self-evident. Microbial Pesticide: A microorganism Ibat is used In control apest. They are Local Emergency Planning Comnrittee (LEPCh A ctmlmiltee appointed by el low toxicity to man. the state emergency response commission, as required by SARA Title III, to formulate a comprehensive emergency plan for its jurisdiction. Mlcroorganlsln: Living organisms so small rilat individnally they can usuutly Lower Explosive Limit (LELh The concentragon of a cam mend in air belnw only be seen through a microscope. which a flame will not propagate if tht mixture is ignite_ nlisb Liquid particles measuring 40 to 500 nrierons, that are formed by con- LawestAchlevableEmisslonRate:Underfl_eCleanAirAct, ddsisdlerateof densarionofvapor, Sycomparisnn,"fog"pargclesaresmagerthan.lOmicrn" emissions which reflects Ca)the most stringent emission [imitation which is as. contained in the Implementation plan of any stale for such source unless the Mitigation: Measures taken to reduce adverse impacts on tile envirnnment, owner or operator of the proposed souiTe demonstrales Sllcil ]Jnlitagons are Mixed Liquor: A mixture of .let b.'ated sludge and water containing organic not achievable; or (h) tile most stringent emissions limitation achieved in matter undergoing activated slndge trealment in an aeration lank, practice, whichever is more slringent. Application of tills lerm does not MobileSource:Amovingprnducerof,grpollution, mainIyh_rmsoflranspor- permit a proposed new or modiIied source to emb IoJlutants in excess nf fallen stlfll as cars, trucks, motorcycles, airplanes. existing new source standards. Modellng_ An invostiga tire technique using a mathematical or physical repro- Law-Level Radioactive Waste (LLgW)= WasleS less ha_wdoos tiles most nf sentatton of a system or thee, T that accounls for all or some of its known thosegeneratodbyanttdearreactor. Osuallygeneratedbylmspitals, researdl properties, Medals are often used to test the effect nf cleanses of system i_ laboratories, and certain industries. Tile Department of Energ ', Nuclear lie S- components on tile overall performance of tile system. ulatoryCommlsslon, andEPAsl+aruresponsillilitiesformanaghlgrilenl.(See: M0del Plant: A description of a typical but dlenretical plant used hw develop- ',, hlghdevel radioactive wastes.) in Keconomic, envirunmental impact and energy inlpael analyses as support for regulations or regulatory guidelines. Itis an inlasinal3, plant, with features • of existing or future plants used to estimate tile cost of inoorporating air ii Major Modlfleaflon: This ternl is used to deSne modigcagnns with respect to pollulion careful technology a s Ihe firsl step in exphlring die ecnnnndc impact Prevention of Significant Deleriorat/on anti New Source gev/ew under tile of a potengal NSPS, Clean Air Act and refers to modifications to nlajor slationary sources of _, emissions and provides significant pollutant increase levels below which a levMoenlitorofincamg: Perilinnetodic worithconrimlousstatutory re_surveillancetdremenls nrandtest/oringpoIllutantt+deternlednevels tilein .¢- modification is not considered major. various mediaP or In humilnSj anima, ls, and nlher" b,'_. g tl .ngs, Major g _ Ionary Sources= Term used to de,ermine the applicabllgy el proven on o Sgn can Dee oatinn and new source regulations. In a MnnboringWellsIWellsdrSledatahazardouswastemanagementfacigtyor _" none a nmen area any s a ona['y pollutant source Ihat has a potengal Io Super(usa site to collect ground-wamr samph.s for the _urpose of physical, l emtmore anl00tons eryea sconsideredamnorslagnnarysource, ln chemlea],orbiolog[calanalysislodeterlnblelgeamounts, types, anddJstribu" PgD areas the cutoff leve_eay be tit let 100 or 250 tons, depend ng upnn he ties of contaminants in the ground water b_'nea dl tile site. type of source. Monndonal Antibodies: Molecules of living organisms thai selecgvely find i Manufacturern Formulagom A fist of substances or component parts as de- and attacll (o other molecules to wbich tlleir structure conforms exactly. This scribed by the maker of a coating, pesgcide or otber product containing could also apply to equivalent activity by chemical molecules (Also called _ chemicals or other _ubstances. MASs and MCAs.) '_ Marine ganEaflon Device= Any equipment installed on bnard a vessel to Mack Soils: Earth made from decaying plant materials. receive, retain, treat, or disdlarge sewage and any process tn treat sucb Mulch: A layer of material (wood chips, straw, leaves, etc,) placed around sewage. Marsh: A type of wodand rivet does not accnmulate appreciable eat deposhs plantsloholdmoisture, preventweedgrowril, proWctplants, atldenrichsoiL and[sdomlnatedbyherbaceousveselatum, bqarsbesmaybeeLtl_erfreshor MullipleUse:Us¢ofhndformoredlanoneporpose;i.e.,Fazingoflivestock, saltwater and tidal or non-tidaL (See: wetlands.) wildgfe production, recreation, walersbed, and timber productkm. Cot= d a so /vlaterlal Safety Data Sheet (MSDgg A cam ilation of in(arran(ion required applY to use of bodies of w.lter for recreagonal pnrpuses, E'_hing, and water under lhe OSHA Comnlunication Standard'an tbe identity of hazardous supI;lY'

It Mutagent Any substance thai can ¢+luse a cbange kl geneflc inateriaL Nitrogenous Wastes: gulbna] ur vegetahle reskhn.+s thai conlain significant I_Lllale=Tohdng*lhoutachangelntJlegeuetiecnnstihrlinnufacegbyagering .imuunls of n[trugen. its DNA. In turn, "mutagenusiK'is any process hy whkb ceils are mutated. Nllrngen Oxide (NOxb Product of comhustion from transportation and statlonnry _ovrces and a malor contrtbutur to acid deposition and the [_ formation nf grotlnd level ozone in file troposphece, National Amblenl Air Quallly Slandards (NAAQSb Air _ u_lgy slandards Non-Altalnmenl Area: Geogro bic area which does nnt meel one or more of establiabed by flPA that apply In oulside air fllroughoul the counlry. (Sue: tile National Anlbienl Air Quality Standards for tbe criteria pollutants desig. edleria pollutants, state impfemenlaSon plalls, emissions lrading') naled in tile Clean Air Act. National Emisskms Slandards Far [lazardous Air Pollutants (NEglIAPSb Nnn-CommunitytYalergystem:Apuhlicwaters'slemlhatisnotacommuni. Emissions standards sel by EPA (or an air pnflulant not covered [_)'NAAQ.q ly water syslelll, e.g., the water s.ppry at a camp site or national park. thai may cause an increase in deaths or in serious, ir reversibh.,, ,r hlcapacitat- Nan.Conventional Pollutant: Any pollulanl which is nnl statulogly listed or darIngyillnstaendss.;trdPris mtaryo prstandotect arpubds licarewdeeslfarigne.ed lu prutec( bnman heahh, secon, w]dcb is poorly understood by the sdenflfic community. NaSonal Ofland t fazardo,s Subslances CnntingencyPlan {NOIISCP/NCPl; Non.Ionizing glectrolnagnetl¢ Radiation: 1. Radiation Illat does not cllanse ']'lie federal regtdatiun thai gtddes de(urminalJon of tile sit.._s to be corrected the struclure uf alums but doe_ heat gssue and may c.aust.. harndtd biological under Ibe _up_'r fund prngram and (he progranl Io preven( or cunt re[ S dfls effects. 2. Microwaves, radlu wa:'es, and lu_'.'.[ruquenc_e)ectrnmagneScgelds into st]rfaee Waler5 or olher portions of the env[ronnlenL fT°m hJgh't:ullage [ransnlJss[°[I lines+ Non.Point Source; Pogution sources wbicb are diffuse and do nol have a NaSonaJ Pollulant Discharge Elimination System (NPDI_Sb A prul,i_ion of single point nf origin ur are not introduced into a receiving slream from a theCieanWaterAetwhidlprnhibitsdi_ebarguof _ogulants bite walers nf die Uniled 5tales unless a special perndl ts b_ued _y EPA, a state, ur (where _pecigcoutleL 'lbepnllutantsare,_eneraflycargeduffthelandhysh)rmwa_er dele_;ate_) a Idlml government oil an indian ru+servatton, runnR, The cummonlp used categories [or non-point sources are: agdcultu re, forestry, urban, mining, construction, dams and c[_annels, land disposM, and National I riodfies List (NI Lh !ElA's list of tile most serious uncontrolled or sallwaler intrusion.

actioabanndonetindd erb_uazardoperfuusnd.waAsteseesimtesusildengfbe oinudtilefiNP_rpussL klibreleceikmgve m.lenonnuy rfremomedtaldie Nuclear Power Plant_ A facilitythal ¢onverts atomicenergy inlo usahle power; Tmsl Pund for remedial action, The list is based _rinlarily nn tile score a site heal prodneed by a reactor makes steam Io drive turbines wblch produce rece yes from the I azard ank ng System. E A s required to update tile NPL ele¢ldeily. al least once a year. Nuclear Winter: Predicgun hy some scientists Slat smoke and debris risinfl National Response Center: "J'befed_.'ra]operations center dlat receives nod. from massive fires restdtJng from a nuclear war cnu[d enh!r tbe atmosphere and block old sunlighl fur weeks or months. ']lie scienSsts making this ficationsofa]l releases ofoiland hazardnus_;ubstancu_intotheem'lromnenL prediction project a cooling of the eadh's .'hurface, and cbang u+s in climate The Center, open 24 hours a day_ is openlted b, the U.S, Coast Guard, wbich width could, lur example, negatively all Jet world agdcuhural and weather evaluales oil reports and nolifies file appropdale agency, patlerns. NaRorlal Response Team (NRTh Representatives of 13/ederal agencies Ihat, Nutflct',t: Any s',_hs_ance assimihated by _iving Ihlng_ that prom_les growth. as a team, coordinate federal responses to nagonally signiflcald incidents of pt]lluflonandprovideadviee_lndtecbnicalassistance(udleres ondln • _1.on- Tbetermisgenerallyappgedtonitrogenandphosphorusinwa_tewater, but , " P g g is also appged to other e_sengal and trace elements. cycles) before and durmg ,1response ac nnl. Natural Gas: .*%natural fuel ¢onlaining primarily methane and eflmne thai O cccurs in certMn geologle forrnagons. O/I-Silo Facgity: A hazardous waste treatmenl, storage, or disposal area that Natural Selection= lhe process of survival of the fittest, by whicb organisms, is ]ocate,d ,ata place away from the. generating, site, that adapt to their environmenl _urvlve while rinse dial do not adap( d/s- OR Splll:Anaccidenhdorin_engonaldischarseofoi]whlch reaches hodies of appear, waler; can be controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mecllanical Navigable Waters: Traditionally, walers su(gdendy deep and ivide for containment, andloradsc_rpgon. navtgaltonbyMI, orspecigedsizesofvesseIs;SndlWalersinflleUniCedSlales Oil FinserprJnSng: A modred dlat identifies sources of oil and aflows spfl]s ¢o come under federal )urisdicgon and are included in certain provtsinns el _he be traced back In their suurce. Clean Water Act. Oligotraphlc Lakes: Deep dear lakes with row ntlir_ent supplies. They contain Necrosis= Death of p/ant or animal celia, bl plants, necrosis can discoMr areas Ikfle orl_anic rustler and have a Idgh dissolved-oxygen level. on tile plant or kill it entirely. Oncogenle: A subslance Iha¢ causes tumors, whedler benign or magsnant. Nemalodde_ A chengeal agenl which is destructive to nematodes (round On-Scene Coordinator (OSC): Tbe predesignated L:PA, Coast Guard, or Oe- w_rms or Ih_eadworn_sL ear.meat of Defense official who coordinaCes and directs guporfund removal Neutralization:Decreasingd_eacidityoralkalinity_fasub_,lancebyaddint4to acflunsorCleanWalerAclnfl.orbazardous.spillcnrrecfiveacfions. it a[ka/hle or acidic nlalerials, respectively. On-Silo Facility= A bozardous waste treahnenL slorage, or disposal area that Newgource:Anystafiol_arysourcewhichb;buillormudiflcdaffer_ubflcalton is located on Ihe generating site, of final or proposed regulations tbal wescribe a standard uf _erk_rnlance wb ch s Intended In apply Io dial type o em ss on source, Opa¢lty_ Theamount ofgght obscured bypargcuIatepnl[ufion in tbJair;ctear window glass has zero opacity, a brick wall 100 percent opacity. Opacity Is NewgourcePerformanceglandarda(NgPg):UnifurmnagonalEPAairemis. usedasanindicatorofcilanse_inperformanceofpargcuta_ematterpollugon ,." sionandwatereffluontslandardswhichlindtflleanluuntolpollufinnalh_wed cont_l systems. from nul¢ sources or Rum exisgng sources film have i_een mndiged, Open Bumhlg: Uncomrol]ed fires in an open dump. v Nilrate_ A compound co,_ainlng nitrogen which can exist in tile alnlns_ bore or as a dissolved gas in water and wldch can bare barmhd effects on humans Open Dump_ An uncovered site used for di_posM oFwaste withoul environ- and animals, NiU'ate_ tn water can cause severe illnes_ in infants and crees, menial controls, (See: dump,) NildcOxid_'(NObAgasfnrmedbycombusfionunderbighlenlperamreand OperahleUnit:Termforeachofanumherofseparaleacdvd[esundertaken_s high resaure [n an [nternM combustion engble. It changes flllo nffm en part of a Superfund site cleanu , A typical operable unit would be removing dioxidP_ in file ambienl air and cnntr[butes to plloh_dlemical smog" drums and tanks from _be s,r_ce el a silo. Nttdflcalion_ '['t_ process whereby amm_nia b_ w,_slewater is c_idized l_ Operation And Mainlenance: I. AcSviges conducted at a sffe after a Supe¢- nltrhe and fllen lo nilrate by bacledM or cbendcal reactions, fundsileacfloniscomp]etedloensurefllalflleacSonlseffecgveandoperaflng properly 2 Acgons taken alter construcflon to assure that facflgies con- NlldlolriacegcAchlINTAbAcompound'belnflusedtc_replacepbt)sphatesin slructed to treal waslu water wiU be properly operated maintained, and delergents: managed to achieve e(gclency ]ewqs nnd pre_crlbed effluent IJndlalions in an Nildte:].Aninterntediateindleprocessofnflriflcagon, 2. Ni_rotls_xide_all, opSmum manner. m.ed [n r'ood preserva finn Organic: ], Referdng to or derived from living urea nisms, 2. In chemis(ry, any NJlrogen Dioxide fNO2i: The resldl of nitric Oxide cumbfldn ; with t_xyflen in conlFoUnd eontainklg carhon. lhe atmosphere, A rna)ur cumponent el pht_klcbemical smug,

12 OrganieChendcals/Compounds:AnbnalorpbnltqwoducedsubstallCeScon. Particulate Luading: The mass of particulates per unit ','olume of airor waler. talning mainly carbon, Ilydrogen, and oxygen. Palhogenic: Capable of causing disease. Organic Matter. Carbonacemls waste contained ill planl LIranilnal matter and Palhogens: Microorganisms that can cause disease in other organisms or in orighlagng from domesrie or industrial sources. humans, animals, and plants. They may be bacteria, viruses, or parasges and Organism_ Any gvhlg tiling, are found in sewage, Jnrunoff r_ma 1 malfa rosa rua areaspopu]atedwiih Organophoaphates= Pesticide chendcah that conlain _hosphorns; used to domestic and/or wild animals, and in water used for swimming, Fish and cant ro[insects, Tiley are short-gved_ but sane!can be Ioxiewhen firstapplied, she[[gsh contaminated by pathogens, or file contaminated water itsefft can Organorins: Chemical compounds used in and-foulant painls to _rotect the c._use serious illnesses. hulls of boats and ships, huops, and dock pilings from marble organisms such PCBs'tAoxic.grou _of , persistent chendcals (polychlorinaled biplleny]s) used as barnacles. In tnlnsformers and ca lacltalorS for insulating purposes and in gas pipeline Osmosis: The tendency era fluid Io pass through a lermeahle membrane such systems as a lubr cant. Port ler sale of new rise was hauned by )aw ill 1979, asthewagofalivlngcellintoalessconcenlraledsohllion suasloequalizeflle Perco]aflon: The movenlenl of water downward and radially through tile concentrations on both sides of thL' menlhrane, sub.surface soil layers, ustlallp contimdng dowmvard to die ground water, Oulfalh The place _¢here an effluent is discharged bite receiving waters, Permeability;The rateal whichliquidspassthrough sailor othermaterialsina Overburden: Tile rock and soil cleared away hefore nrining, specified direction, Overflre Air: Air forced into'the top of an tncineralor or boiler to fan die Permit: An attlhorization, license, or equivalent control document issued by flames, EPA or an approved state agency to implement the requirements of an en- vironmental regulation; _,g., a _ermit to uperatea waslewaler treatment pkml Overland Flow: A land appgcation technk ue that cleanses waste water by or to operate a facility that may generate harnfftd emissions. agowing it to flow over a sloped surface, As tile water flows over the surface, file contaminants are removed and the water is collected at rile holtom of die petshlence: Refers to thelenfllh of timea conqmund, once Introduced inhllhe environment, slays there, A compound map persist hlr less than a second nr slope lot reuse, indegnilely. Overturm The period of mixing (turnm, er), by top to bottom circulation, of previously stratified water masses. This phenonlenon may occur in spring persistent PesUcides: Pesticides that do not break down chendeally or break and/or fag, oraftersto ms Itresths noun am yofcbemcalaldph.'siea[ downveryslowlyandthatremaininriteenvironmentafteragrowingseastm, properties of rite water at all deprils. Pest: An insech rodent, nematode, fungus, weed, or other form of _errestrial Oxidant: A substance containing oxygen rilat reacts chemically in air In pro- or aquatic plant or animal life or virus, bacteria[ or microorganism that is ducea new substance. The prima W ingredient of pbotnchemiea] slllog, injurious to heahh or tile environment. Oxidation: f. The addition of oxygen which breaks down organic waste or PesrieJde: flubs=ante or mixture of substances intended for preventing, de- chemicals such as cyanides, phenols, and organic sulfur compoonds in sew- stroyblg, repelling, or mgigating any pest. Also, any substance or mix=oren[ age by bacteHM and chemical means. 2. Oxygen combining with olber ele- substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. meats. 3, The process in chemlst_ whereby electrons are removed from a pesticides can accumulate in file food chain and/or contaminate rile envim*l. molecule, men= if misused, Oxidation Pan& A man.made lake or body of water in which waste is con- Pesgcide Tolerance:The am nun tof pesticide resid ue allowed bylaw tu renlatn sumed by bacteria. It is used most frequenfly wgh other waste*treatment tnoronaharvesledcrop, gyusing.varioussafetyfactors, E[_Asetsdteselevels procesfies, An oxidation pnnd is basicagy the same as a selvage Jagonn, ¢_ell be,tow the point where tile chemicals might be harmful to c msumers. Oxygenated 5olvent: An organic solvent containing oxygen as part of the pH: A measure (if the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid or solid material, molecular structure. Alcohols and ketones are oxygenated compounds ohen used as paint solvents, Phenolm: Organic compounds flint are byproducts of petroleum refining, Ozonatorz A device that adds ozone to water, tanning, and textge, dye, and resin manufacturinfl. Lmv concentrations cause taste and odor problems in water; higher concentrations can kill aquatic life Ozone (03): Pound in two layers of the atmosphere, the stratosphere and file and humans. troposphere. In the s_ratasphtre the atmospheric layer beginning 7 to 10 miles above "theearth's surface), ozone is a form of oxygen fmmd natura y which Pheromone: I Iormonal chemical produced by female of a species to attract a provides a protective layer shielding the earth from ultraviolet radiaflon's mate. harmful health effects on humans and the environment. In the troposphere(the Phosphales: Certain chemical c_ mpounds containing phosphorus layer extending up 7 to tOmiles from ths earth's surface), ozone is a chemical Phosphorus: An essential chemical food elentenl that can contribute to tile oxidant and major component of photocbemical smog, Ozone can seriously eutrophication of lakes and oilier water hodles. Increased phosphorus levels i affect the human respiratory system and is one of the most prevalent and resug from dischargeofphnsphorus-cnntainhlg materialsintosurfacewaters. widespread of all the criteria pollutants for which the Clean Air Act required Photochemical Oxidants= Air pollutants formed by die action of snniight on EpA to set standards, Ozonein the troposphere is produced through enmph'x oxides of nitrogen and hydrocarbons, -: chemical reactions of nitrogen oxides, which areamong the prima ry pogutants emitted hy combustion sources; hydrocarbons, released into tile atmosphere Photochemical Smog= Air polhJgon caused b ' chemical reactions of various through thecombusrion, handlingand processing of petrolenm products; and pollutants emitted from different sources. sungght, Photosynlhesis: The manufacture by plants of carhohydrates and oxygen from OzoneDepletlon_Destnlcgonofthestratosphericozonelayerwhichshields carbon dioxide and water in file presence of chk_rophylL using sungght as an the earth from ultraviolet radiation harmful to biological life, This destruction energy source. of ozone Is caused by the breakdown of certain chlorine- and/or bromine- Physical and Chemical Treatment: I recesses generally used in large-scale containing compmmds (chlorofluorocarbons or halons) wigch break down waslewater treatment facilities. Physical processes may invob.e air-stripping when they reach the stratosphere and catalytically destroy ozone molecutes, or filtration Chemical treatment inctudes coagulation chlorinagon or ozone addition, The term can also refer to treatment processes, treatment of toxic P materials insurface waters and ground waters, oil spills, and some methods of Packed Tower. A pollution control device that forces dirty airthrough a tower deagng with hazardous materiMs on or in the ground. packed v _ cut shed rock or wood chips while liquki is swayed over file packing ma_erlaL The pollutanls in the airstream either disso[_veor chemically Phyloplankton: That portion of tile plankton community comprised of tiny react with tile liquid, plants, e.g,, algae, diatoms, Pandemic: Widespread throughout an area, nation, or tile world. Phytotoxict Something that harms plants. Part A permit, Part fl Permit: (See Interim Permit Stains,) Picocude: Measurement of radinacgvffy. A picocurie is one ndgion nrilliongh or a trillionth, era curie, and represents about 2.2 radioactive particle disinte. Paraquah A standard herbicide used to kill various types of crops, including grarions per minute. marijuana. Partlculates_ Fine tituid or solid particles such as dust, smoke, ndst, fumes, or Picocuries Per Liter (pCi/L); A unit of measure used for expressing levels of smog, fmmd n a r or emissions, radon gas, (See plcocurie.) f3 PIS: A COlllainer, nsllaJly JealJused, to ship or store r,ldb)aetive nlatertnis. Preventlon; gleasures taken to mblbni._e the release of wastes to the environ- Pile: l. Tile fnel e]enlenl in a llU¢luarreactor. 2, A beap of waste, nleltt, Plankton: Tiny pLmls and animals lhal live in water. Preventlon of SIsnlflcanl DeterloralJml (PSDh gPA program in Ivbicb state and/or federal pt_rnlils are required dml are tntende,] to restrict emb;sklns for Pla_mld: A cirenlar piece nf DJ_AlJull exists apart fronl the chromosome and nelv nr mudihed sources in _iaceswhorl.• air ( na]Jty is already bellea"lhnn replicates independently nf It, bacterial pla_ndds ear_' informatinrl thai run- reqttired tn ineel prbnary and zecundury ambient air quM ty standard_. ders lbe bacteria tesi_lanl IN _nliLlhlgqs. P_asrnklsare often nsed Jn geln.qic engineerin S Io carry desired _enesInlo nrgnnisnls. ]Prima.3' Drlnkln_ _,Vat_rRegldatlon: Appges to public water _ystems and specifies ncuntaminant level, which, ill the ud_enlenl of the gPA Admbdstra. Plaslles: _n_l-nlelallie coln mllnds Ibat re_iull tram aebeoli_al v._a_Son,and tar, will have no adverse effect on bn_1_n heal i, •'Ire molded or formed tote r _d nr pl abe c(InstfllCl ull mater _l_ or fabrics. Prlmary t._/asIeTrealtnent: Pirsl ste Is in Ivastewate£ treatmenb _;creensand PlUhgJng: ]'_l'beilel°rprncessnlst°ppblggleh°w°fwaler'°il*°rhasJnlu°r sedJmenlnlon tanks are tlsed Io _elnove mast nlaleria s IbM float or w (Ill[ Ofa fornlagon thrilil_it a Ilorehnle Or well penetralin S thai fnrnlnlinn, 2, _ellle, Primary Ire.]lineal restlJJs In gle removal Of ahoul 3(] percent of htoppin S a It!ak or sealing off a pJpt.,or hose, cnrhonace0us bJocbeloieaJ oxygen demand train dornesli¢ sewage, P_ume: I. A visible or measurabledisebar_e of _I ¢ont,mltnan( from agiven Process Weisllt; "rotM weight of all materials, inclndin_ fuel, u_ed in a • point of odsin; can be visible or thermal in wail'r, or visible in the Mr as, fnr manldaeturing process, it is used to ca)culate tile allowable partieolate emis- example, ap]umeolsmohe, 2,Theareuofmensurilbleandpotenlia))_harmful sionralefnlmtheprueuss, radiation leaking from a damal_ed reactor. S. The distance from a toxic release considered dangerous for those exposed to Ihe leaktn_ fumes, thalProleicnosn:tabCloamlmplenxo anilcidsrogenonsas tbeirorbganic,1sic tndlcompoandundsarl..essengMo f high mofarlecngfranrwlbweightand Plutonium: A radioactive metallic element similar chemically Io ur,mium, repair of animal tissue. Many proteins ,ire enzymes. ,_ Point Source: A statkmerylocation or fixed facility front wbich pollutants are Protoplasb A membrane.lx_nnd cell frtun wl_ieh tile ooler ee_l wall Ilas been dlsellorged or etnltted. Also, any single iduntifiablesuoreeofpolhitbm, e.g., ,1 partially or cam pleteJ_, remnved, I'he term t)fret1 is applied It) plant coils. pipe, ditch, ship, ore pit, laetory smokestack. Public 'PYaterSystem: A _ ,stem that provides piped water for bumnn con. P_lien:l'Afinedustpruducedtyplants'"Thefer(]lizins element°ffl°wer" sumptiontnatleastlSservieecnnneetionsorre,_ularlyserves_tndividuals. ing plants. 3. A nahtra) tlrbackground air pohut,lnt. Publicly Owned Trealment _._'ork_: A waste-lreatment works owned hy a Pollnlanl: Cenerally, any substance introduced into the environment that state, Unil of local gnvernnlent, or Indian tribe, UStlally desJBned to treat adversely affects lbe usefulness of a resonrce domestic wastew.lters, Pollutant Slandard Index {PSll: Me*_sure of adverse heMtb effects (if ,fir Pumping Station: Mechanical d_vices installed in sewer nr water systems or poliutinn levels in major dries, other liquid-ear.,inn pipelines glat mn_,e the liquids to a blgher level. PollugontGenera]]y, thepreseneeofmatterorenergywhosenatnre, b_alion, Putreti¢ible: Able to rot quickly ennugb to cause odors and attract hies, orquanlilyproducesundesiredenvironmentaleffects. UndertbeCleanWater Aeh for example, the term is defined as the man.made or man-induced pyr_lysis: Deeompusition of a chemical by extreme beat, Mleralinn of the pbysleM, biological, and radiologica] bdegdty of water. Polyeleclrolyles:SynthelicehemleaJsthatbeJpsnlidstoc]nmpduringsewage O. treatment. Quality Assllra nee/Quality Controh A system of procedures, checks, audits, Polymer: Basic molecular Ingredients in plastic, end ct)rreegveaclions Ioensure thai all I!PA research design and lerformance, en'*'ironmelllal nlonltt)rbtg and :.ant litns, ,_ndother technical and reporting POl_-'inyl Chloride {PVC)_ A tuugh, environmentaUy indestrtlcgble plastic act v I us are of I_e h g le_t ac 1 evabJe qual t_'. that releases hydroc)dodc add when burned Quench Tank: A water-filled tank nst,d to cool inciner,lfflr residues or hot P°Pulali°n:Agr°up°fint°rbreeding°rganisl_lsufthesanlekindn¢cu_yinga materials d acing ind ustria] processes, arlicular space. Cenerieal]y, Ihe number of humans nr other gvhl_ creablres ]_na desisnated area. R Po_l.Clo_ure= Tbe time period fulhllving the shutdown of a waste manage- RAD Ri;adtatinn Absorbed Dn:teh A unit nf absorbud dose of radiatinn, One ment or manufacturing facility. F0r monitorbt_ purposes, tllisis often Ctmsid- RAD nf absorbed dnso ts equal to ,(]l joules per kilogr_lnL ered to he 30 years. Radiation: ;toy furm of ener _y pro _a(]ated _ls rays, _'t'aves, nr streams of Potable _.Vatee. Water tbat Is safe for drblking and enoking, energetic particles. The term is fre¢uentl, used in relation Io the emission of PotengaIly Responsible patty (PlIPb Any individual nr ¢onlpnny--lncludln_ rays from t le hue ells o ,in attml, owners, operators, transporters, Mrgenerators---potentially responsible for, Radiation Standards: Segnlatlons that set maximum exposure limits h_r °rcnntribuffnst°,tbec°ntamInati°nproblemsatnSuperfundsite. V'!henever protectiml of tile publlc from radinacbve nlateria]s. possible, EPA requires PRPs_ througb admirdstraliVe and legal actions, (o Iladioaetlve Substances: Subsl,mces thai unlit radialiotl, clean up b_zardolJs WasteSites pIIPs h,we contaminated. PPM/PPB: Paris per millinnlparts per billion, a way of expressin_ tiny Radinbiologyl The study nf radiagon effects on living things, con_ntrations of poIMt,mts in air, water, soil, human tissue, fond, nr other li_dinPrequeney Radiallon: fSee Non-klnizing gadiatiun.) pr°ducls'Radl°bin]°gY:'rheelqdy°fradiali°neffects°n]il'inglhinss' gadlonucllde= [k_dioacllve _lement eharactedzed according to its atomic mass Preelpgate:Aso]idtbatseparatesfrnmasolutionhec._useofsomeehenlicalor _ndntomlenumberwhichcanbeman.nlade or naturally occurring They can -_ physical chanse, bava a long ]if0as soil or wa tar pollut0 hiS, itmf are bogeyed to have potentially Precipitation: Removal of solkls frumgt ubf waste so that the hazardous solld mutagenicoffectsonthebumanbody, port on can be d sposed o sa e y; renlova nf pattie es real abbnrne on(is- Radius nf Vulnerable Zolle; The nlaxinluln distance from th0 loint of release _ions, of n laznrdous snbst,lnce in Iv tic _ I le o rborlle ctlneen/ral on ¢OUc reac I t le Precipgators: Air pnlbdion controldevJees thai col]ecl particles from an ends- level of concern under specified weaSler ctlndit bins. slon. Radon: A colorless, naturally oeeurdn_] radioaelive inert gaseous element Precursor: In photochemical termlnoln(]y, a compmmd such as a volatile form_d by radioactive decay of radium atoms in soil or rocks. organic compound (VOC) Ihat "_recedes" an oxidant. Precursors react In snn]lglll to form ozone or olhur p lotoe loll1 col ox dants. Itadnn Decay Pmdu¢lsl A term used Io refer collectively In Ihe immediate products af the radnn decay chain. These Include Pn-218, Pb.21-L Ig.2bL aml l'reliminaty A_sessmenh Tire process o( collecgng and revte_;'ing available Po-2td, whicb have an n_'erase ctmllfined Ilalf-life *ffaboul 3(] minutes, inforolntJon .'tbou1,1 knnwn or snspected waste site or rele_lse. Pressure Sewers: A syslem o[ pipes ill which t_'aler, waslewater, nr olher Rasp: A machine Ih_llgrinds wn:_(e inlo a tllanageab]e nlateria] and helps liquid Is transported Io a higher elevation by use nf ptnnping furee, prevent odor. Prelreatmentl Processes used to redoce_ ehnduate, nr nlti,r the nalo_e el Raw Sewage: Untreated w,lSleh'a[vr. w*l_,etwater polbdants Item non-dolnestje sources before IJleyare _iseh.t rged into publicly owned treatment wor_;s.

_4 Reasonably Available Conffol Technnlogy (RACT): The Io;wst umi_sIons Remedial Investi_atian:/_n i{1-dL'pth_ludy des[_zlc'dtLlg,lthL'rthL'data auces. lizaitthataparticu],lrsattrculr, capablu_fnl_t[n_byth_applit_llonaf¢ont_l sa r,/k_ dut_rmillU Ih_ nattrr_ _llld exlr_lt c_f ¢llat,l_linatian al a 5u _¢'rflLild sile_ technalagy (hat _s l_oth ruasan,lbly available, as _v_]l as I_ch nolagicaliy _nd e_l,l[_lish cril_ria h_r ¢luanin_ u _ II1_sJ{L';i_l_nlJl ' _rulinlir_.l_y allurnatiws _or uconomically .ruas_ble. [{.ACT is usually applied la e×istln_; satire,s in ruxzle_lJal a¢{k_lls; and _u _ _L_rllll_' t_'¢hlli¢,_la_l_/¢_l_tan,_lysu_ af the ,_ll_'rna- n{3n,llt_[rlmurt{ aru_ _lld in mosl ca_u_ J_ ]_?_s_llJrl_t'rlt I}_,1_ nu_' ;_lurcu {j..,t_., '_ lu rulnuL _[ z_vt_li4_llillll Js tls_l,1 )' dll;l¢' iv i _¢' L'aSbi J y :_uLy. perf_manc_ slandards. Tog_{h_,r Ih_'y ,_re U_hlll)' ref_rruLII_ .is tile "IIIII:S'. Rcc_lvin B W_t_rs: .A rivur, lake, acean, stru_rn, or olh_r waterc(lursu Jn{o R_m_dJal l_mj_¢l ]'*l._n_;_r (RI_PdI: The' ]]1_'_ _r _lale olfici,_l _uspol_sible k_r _v}_ich _vastewatur or Ir_at_d uf{]u_nt I_ dischi_rg_d, owr_u[n_; r_.nledi,I] a¢_iLitlat ,__it_'. R_¢h_rg_`h_pr_Ct_b'l_/_1j¢h_`v_t_rjs_dL_udtI_1;_I)nu_f:;_1{_I_1_iI_n'I;_L_1]]y I_emcd J*llI_s.0tln_z: _x,ttlIl)_'lt'_nl iI¢lJon II1.11sill I_ tit r';Ib:41,r1tti_llYrud u¢_ _ by pui'CL_[t_Jorl fr_l11 I1_{'_(_Jl_ur f_ u._., I}1_'_UCll,_'R_l}lr ,1;1._LlttJf_r. r_lt'*l:;l_or IIiru.1{{_ _ Tu]t!,_ {_lha;,,Lrdotzs :_ull_l*lIl¢_ {1_,11it;su_-Jc_us but nllt _rl R_¢h,zr_c .Ar_: .A I_{td art_*lI11whJch _',_{ur ru*_ll l_s I_ Ih_/onu l_f_;_l{ur_li{_;i froms1_rf`1¢ujnfj[tr_{i_n_u_._naru`1_'h_r_r*1inw*1{t_r_I;_k_h;_1L_]_huu_{}L Rt_muva_¢_]on_ShI}_{.{_r_in1m_dj_1_!`_¢{iI_1:;_kunt_aI_dru_reI_susI_f ]_.l;,,lrdo_ls s_ll_:t_lllcus I]1_1r_l]tiJru e×p_Lli_uLIrL,sjl_lrl_,u(.S_t'; ¢]u,lnup.) to r_a¢_; an aquif_,r. Reportable Qu_ntily (RQ): Th_ ¢[uantity of a h,_ard_u s sttL_slancu that _rig- I[_¢omb_n_lnl_act_rla" • .Aly Pt?ofrll.iCrl)ilr_lnism_• vhll_u"_ellt'{J¢lll,1kutl_h,l_ • " _ers r_p_{s under CERCL.A. If a subslanc_ Js r_l_sud in _lnaunts exc_din_ buenal_l_JYd_l_'ral_lnr_dtt¢lL_n(_ll_v_;_'nui¢cl_zll_ns'llluL_l_P rl_; it$_C),ll;_r_l_as_nlu_tburup{}rl_d{oth_N_liorl,zlll_sponscC_nl_r, lh{_Stat_ of l]lt_,_l_air¢'l_d [_acl_rJ_ _11_;_o:_RI,_Jrt{]1_ zlui_,g_nul[¢ ulunlt,,ll{s_ Ernur_ellCy I_u_pons_ CoranlJ_tllrz_ arid ct_nlmuaity umur_uncy _o_rd_rtalors R_¢ombina_l DN.A (_DN.A): Th_ n_v DN.A that is _lrmud _y ¢_nlbi_l_llg for ar_as likely.,t_ b_ aff_'¢lud, piUCL'Saf DN__, Irol_ diff_ruJIt organisms a_ culls• Tt_¢omm_nd_d M_zximum Cantamln_nt L_wl (I_MCL}: Thu izl,_ximu m I_wl I_r._gE_tr_li_n: The' Tu_valuati_ln .uld r_'li¢_rl_Jn__f ux[stinl; p_sl[¢[d_s _lri_i- rzal[y r_i_le_ud pritlr 1_1curr_.nl sric'niifi¢ and re_u]al(_r? _tand_trds. I_I_.A ofacontaminantindr_nkln_waterallv]lichnakno_¢noranli¢i_l_dadvur_ r_.r_l_i_l_.rs pe_li¢id_,_ _hr_tlgh i[_;{{uF;islration _t._nd.zrds l_r_lgram. ufl'_c_on hu man h_ahh would occu r, and _vht¢]_in¢iudus an ad_lualu ma r_;ir; or u_"5;J_ly Rt_cornmt_rtd,_d[uvu['t artJ_on_n_r¢_bl_ ht_ll{}; g_`1[_i (Su*.: m,lx° Re_rva]r: .Any n.l{llr.l{ _lr,lrlJficJ_l][l_lldillg ,_rt"_lII_`1.'dI_1_,tLJ_t_r,u_ll_llu, Irnum ¢onlamlnaz_t I_wl.) Ra_idu_th P.motzllt af_ pollula nl r_,mainin_ in {h__nviTonm_lzl after a n._tural Recon_lru¢led Sour_: .An exlstix_ f,_¢i]ily in which ¢omponunt_ are ru]}la¢_d to _uch an ext_nt that th_ fixed capital cost of thu n_w campane_ts uxc_,_J 50 inoritialt_chwanalagicalslu_val_rprotrc_eatmenhats, t.alk_r npar_iplace¢_t,lal_s_.g.r_'_Ih,__'[nsiE_lud{._zin._ airr_ma_f[nlerlngtll_afl_rair percent of lhe capital cost that wauld bu _r_u[red ta ¢onslr_lct a corn p,_rab]e, pass_ throt_l_h a scr_lbbin_ or other pollutan_ _L'm_va]pr_¢u_s• entirely n_w laci_Ry, h]_tv 5ou_cu p_rlarmancu slandar_ may bu app_i_ Io _our¢_s which art_ r_constru¢led af{_r Ih_ proposal of lhe standard _f it is I{_sisl.znc_ F_r plalltS_l_ld,_nin;,lls, lh_',lbilit_.'lol¢ithsl._d p_llrunvir_rtrnun- _ o u lal ¢c_ndilion_ alld/_lra tt_¢kr;by ¢llel_li_l l_ _r dis_,ls_. Thu abi lity may bu inborn I_chnalo_Ically and _conomlca]ly l'_asibl_ t m_t th • _landard, t_r devuk_pud. I(_¢ord of D_clsion (ROD): .A pLibli¢d_¢ument that _×plains _]lJch ¢l_a_lt_ allernatlw{_)willb_usud.atN,_tionall_ri_rlti_sListsilus_vhere, ur_durCl_l_C, l_esourc_: _, _rs_ln, thint_, _r a¢li_l_ _leu_l_'df_lrIivin_ or Io inlprovt! tll_ L.A, T_u_t Funds pa)' for thu ¢luanup. R_sp0ns_ ?,rl[o_: .ACI_I_CI..A-.i L_tll_lirzud ,l¢lkln hlw_lvlng _'ill_r a sh_t_rm R_Cy¢I_{RCLI_ Thu i_ocuss _f mJrzJmiz[n_ I}lu _unur,_lJoll tlf _V.lSlUl_y ru¢llvu_- ;t,rr;_v,i] _1¢{J_ll _r ,1 I(}ll_-Iurnl rumtl_•_] ru_p_lll_UI}1_1l1{1.]y Jn¢]lld_ bu{ i_ nol Jll_ usa[_lu rodu¢l_ {]l_t Illi_1_| olh_rwJ_ _ b_C{llllt' w,1P.tu, EX_lll_h!s a_u {hi' PJcy¢][r;_o_l_[ura[nUlll ¢.1n_ _'a!;l_p,lpurp alld bill{lug• ]llima z_itulrdtIO{{L1l::_Wru*ml}_;_{U,_i,l_l¢i[J[i,lyl.[_t,lrlr{r_[uLiiJs,_Inmlu.llllu{rJ_¢,ll_llrll_f;itimlllln_l_ l{,_{uOrtodu_._n*lrllE¢l_llIJ.Aon;,¢_¢lpp;t)vtrll_lJx-'dl. It,d I}or,_r. An EP.A dacunlextt (ll,_tis und_r_oitl_ final r_'i_' t_,f_r_, buin,_ i_l); Ih_ _vasl_' _,zf_l), _ln._it_'; de_lr_yill_ _r tr_tirl_ tllu _v._t_ _rz-_ilu; and _Ubnl_{l_'dfor fJn_l m_l_l_q_illu_t d_'i:_[Oll. JdunlJ[)•Jn_ _nd runl{}l,in_ iht, _,{itlrcu_f _llllnd_,,l{t,r ¢llzll_mJrl_liort and R_d "J'id_: .A pro1[ fu;'at[on of a _zar_n_ plank{an that is taxic and alton fatal {o Ilalting furth_'r rni_.rati_n {_f ¢_JIt,_nlina nls. {S_'e:¢lr,_nt_p•I fish. l'hls nat ural phenomenon may b_ _til_LI]_l_dby _he addition _1f nu lri_n{_• I(_s_uT¢_R_cllwry:Tlle]_T_¢_ss.fobl._ini_lgal,lIl_rar_n_r_y_r_mmalcriais .At_d_ caz_bu ca|led r_d, gr_un, or bru_vn, dcp_.ndin_ on Ih_ ¢_laration _ Ih_ _ormL'rly discarded,

a p_sltcldu dufirz8 _hich unpr_tu¢l_'d _v_rk_'rs sh_tlld ha{ _r_l_,ra _iuld, ¢las_Jfied (urlder F]PI_A r_'_ul.lti_ns) fur rustri¢l_d tI_'if Ih_ p_'_{Jcidu ruqL_irus R_i_u_ ($_u: solid _vast_',) spe¢i,_l handling; b_'¢,_lls_ t_ il_ tLl×i¢ity. _'slri¢l_'d-use p_'s_i¢ldus may bu R_fu_ R_¢lam_lion: Coll_,cr_Jon af salid _vas{u inl_ us_,[tll pr_dncts, _•_., applied _lnl), b)' trained, c_rlifJ_'d ,Ip_lir_tL_rs _ Ih_s_' ulldur their direct _llmp{isljri_ or_111¢ _va_t_; t t) Ill.lkU _llJl¢(llldilJorzur__.r _*'pilraljll_ _[UIl_intl;ll _IIPt_rvisl°n' a_td other raet._ls for nlul_in_; alld _ucy¢lint;. ]_s|riction I_nzyra_s: l_zlzynl_ that re¢_)_nJze ¢_'rt,lIn sp_'¢[fi¢r_'_ions _fa I_rzg _n_rafion: _._anlpulaliLIn _f indtvldllal ¢_lls ar nlass_s t_f ¢_]1_ t_ CaL_ E)N__, m{_l_¢uk' alibi IIl_'n Cul {11_DN.A inh_ _m_llle_"I_iu¢_s, t]l_m to devu]_p int_ Ivl_Iu pianl_, l|_v_rs.' Osmusls: .A _v*_t_'trr _atnlent pr_¢_s_ tls_d _r_small w,_tur sy_lerns by R_ian,zl ||_spon_ "J'_m (RRT): I_u]_rus_ntaliws t}f_ud_ral, k_¢._l,and _tal_ addin_ p_s_ttru I_ f_¢r _aI¢'r thT_lltgh,1sL'mi.p_rmL',_blenl_n_br._n_• Ruvursu a_t_n¢i_s who nl_ly _;_.i_{ Jn ct}ordJl;alJo_ of _¢l[_'Jli_ .11 {}1,' ru_]uu_{ ill _]1,.' _mo_JsTurll_l_,_:;¢11_lsldrJll_,Jrl_l_',llUr¢l_;l_*lmirtallI_,/_l_)u_ud _ll_','.l_luw_llur OIl-S¢_Zlt?CoordJr;,l{o_ bufllr_ dn_ dllrin_ _1_tlp_r ft;n_l ruspi);l_;u *l¢lil)n. _r_atnlUllt• I_lr_u-_¢_[u r,3ve_u tl_lllO_i_ipl_nl_ _ru fl(llv bu[rl_ duvuloJo_d. R_;t_lr_n|: .Any man_lf_l¢[urur ar |orlllul,_{_r _v]l_l_lblair_ r_'_;is{r._ti_n f_r ._ RIbonu¢l_i¢ Acid (RNAk .A nlL_]e_LIl_tha' t carr_s lh_ g_'n_'ti_ m_ssa);u |tom p_tl¢id_ ._ctiw In,_rcd_unt t_r product, D_.A 1o a ¢_'11'__r_)tein- lrt_iln_ill_ nl_¢hanisms; _inli],_rI_l, but chemically R_Kislr_llan: ]:orma] listin_ _vill_ F.p_ _f a n_v p_[¢ide b_ft_¢. it can bu _L)]LI or dJ_i{_ibZJIL'[rd _Jntx',_. or Jn{t_r-shllu COnlZllurcu.1_11__r_ldLl¢_ hILlS{bU ru_, RJzl_l_m.Znll Ch.lrl_ .A _it'_'iL'_;__ ,_}l_l_lL'il]Ll_d {r,llj(lll_ Ll:_d t_ _u._suru Ihu (} a¢ity _f air p_llLIli_n elnis_ial_s, TII_ chart r._rL_ fram li_lll gr_y tl_r_lg}_ Islurud un_l_r th_ Fud_r,_] Illsucttcid_, l:ul_gi¢id_, ar;_lR_,J_'nti¢i,Ju .Act. F.PA i_ b_rk and is t_ed t_ s_'l and _l_|_r¢_ _rnissi_ns _taJldard_. r_spon_ib[u far _,ist r,_l[on (p_-ma rk_l ]i¢_nsJn_;)i_fpesl[¢idus (_ntllu [_a_J__f data d_monstraltn,_ th,_t they Ivill n_l cau_ t_llr_asonabl¢ a_tvurs_ Cffu¢ls _n RIparian |l_b]lat: .Ar_as adi,lc_nt t_ ri_'_r_ arz_l slr_'anls Illat ha_'u a high human Ilualt_ ar the _r_v[r_nrzl_nt WlIL'nt_svd ,l¢¢_rdin 8 ta app_(l_ud I,_bL'l d_'nsity, di,J_'rsit),, _nld p_odLtctivity L_ pl,_nt ,_nd ,_r;hnal s]_¢i_ ru]ativ¢' 1_ di_¢fit+ns, n_,lrby tIplands_ R_gistralion 5|andards: [_tlbli_l_ud r_vi_._v_of all the data av_lilabl_ _r_ pL'_ti- RIp_ri_n RIght_: l_lltiIl_'nl_z_l_lf_ hlnLI(_l_'r_'rto tl_L__v,_{ur_n _r b_lrdL'_in;_hi_ ¢idu acti_'e in_rudi_n_s, pr_p_'rl)', in¢lLIdillg Ih_ rJg]li t_ _r_'_'enl di_'_r_{_n _r mis_ls_ af up_truam RI_M (I_o_;zlg_n l_quiwlunt M_r0: TIl_ un_l _lfdL)_ u_i_liv._l_r_tfrom i_)r_izin_; _val¢'rs. C_a_ral]y, ._ _latt_r _f stale I.__'. r_d{_lt[uIi {_ I];u _lum_n body, iI_d Ill nl_,l_iru lhu ,lll_our_t t)i r_ldi•l{illn I_1 R[_k/_e:i_imunl:'l'll_ U,lli{_li'Vu.lnd LililrllJt.lliv_ _valu_llJl)Iip_,r|_rmud irl _ln which _ p_zz'_ll (_z*_ ]_,lrt _Jf_ I_LJX]lall]1_ _il ux_lll_ed, uffort {o dt'_in_ Illu ri_k p_l_ulJ{o h_lnl,ln h¢'_llh _nd/t}r {llUullviron;llt.n{ b_ llle Rumt_d[*iI _¢_i_n (R.A): "r}1u_¢tt_*1I¢_n_rLz¢_jI1_1_rj_n_[t_mu;1_{j_n p_1_su_ _ pru_un¢_ llr pl_l_nli_[ prust'ncu _lnd/tlr Ll_ull_ sp_'¢ifJcptllhll_nl_• Sup_rfund _i{e cleanup that f_ll_'_ r_nludi,_l _u_i_n. l_isk C0mmunlcation: The i_h,_ n_e i_firlf(_rn_ali_lt _bout h_'al_h or rn_'iTQn- R_m_dl_l D_si_n: A _has_ _l]"rern_'di,_l a¢liun tilat folk_lvs Ih_ runl_'_ial m_ntal risks betlvu_'n ri_k ass_,s_urs, risk ln,_na _r_, the'|_uller,iI public, nell's t_vu_tigat[_r;/f¢*,_ibi]it), _tud)' ,ind ir;¢lud_ d_'_la _munt _f un_in_urirlg reed a, n(_l group_, _1¢. _lraw _gs and sp_¢ _ Cations fllr ._ s I_'ck'anu p, 15 lllsk Management: The process o[ evalua fin_ allern_ltive rellu hllory and n_ln- SeleclivePesli¢lde_Adlemicaldesignedtt_nffectanl),¢erl_lnl)'pesofpesls. regulnlary responses to risk ,1rid sL'leclin:4,_nlon_ them. The _el_clion pracess [e,l_'inl4 oilier p]anls ,and anim,_ls unharmed, necessarily requires Ihe constder_tion of legal economic, and social [aclars. Semi-Confined Aquifer_ An ilquil_r thai is _arli,lID,c_llfin_d bya _oil I,_y_r(_r River Ba_im The [and a_e_ d rainL,d by a river and its IribLll_lties. [,lyers) _f low p_rmeabilit ),lhr_m_h which rechaq4_' and discharge can occur, l_de_j¢[de_ACh_¢.1]_ri1_ntI_s_dII)dL_sIr_yr_l[_I1r_1therr_[_n[p_r Sene_c_n¢_ Tt'rlll filr I he ,ll_in_ _rt)ce_;, Sorne[Jnl_ u_,_!dIllde:_¢rib_ 1,1ke'i iir

Ruu_h I:l_h_ Those fi_h, nat prized _lr eating, _LIch,_ _ar and _uckers. M_st Sepl[¢ Tank_ An ill_der_ro_lEld sl_lrage l,_nk _r wa_les [r_nl homes ha vi_14nL_ •_ mnr_ [D]_r_nl Qf ¢h,_n_Jn_ elw_roIllnenl_l C_lNdil[llnsIh,_n _anle s_2 ¢k,_, _!_w:r IJn_ II) _ Ire_[nlell[ pl,_hi. Th_ _'_:_1_I[ll_ directly, [rl)_l Ihe home I(_Ih_ t,ln_ _vh_'_: Ih_' l_r_rl[¢ w_il_ J_ O_l)mtll)_ed by b_c[[_[_ _nd the _;]ll_l,_ stI_ubllutibni_ns,h_ _ando[[d w_o'rk-p]a_[_2_ c_exc[_, llL_[ll_ fLllld '-v*lsle _nd ds[l_:_;__r_lnl ]lolne_, in- sell[¢'_ I_ lh_ [itlllt)n_. 'rll_ _[flLl_n[ [It)_vsout i_[ [he lank Into tl_ _[llLIIId thr_lu_4hdrains; Ihe s[ud_ is pumped _Lll periodically. Run.O[,C_Thal part o_ pr_cipih_fion, _no_':melt, orirrigalkln water Ihill runs _lff _he[`1ndIn_osIre_l_r_[h_r_urf_¢e._._2r_[_¢`1nc_rryp_[hl_`1n[_i[r_n_h_ir S_¢YJce Conne¢lo f; Th_ pJp_ [h,_l ca rrJt'_ I_DI_'_l_rIron11h_ llll[l[i¢ Iv_ I_r hi,in and )and hllo the' receivinl4 walers, Io a buildhlg. Sellleable S_llds: M,_l_rial heavy _'n_Lq4ht_ sink to the bDItLllll_ffa wa_lewaler _ S Irealm_nl lank, Salinlty_ Tile del4ree af _all in wat_'r. SeltIJn_ Ch_mbe_ A seri_s _ffscreen_ p[ac_d in the iv,_, a_ [lu_ gases l_ slow Salt_: MIneral_ _hat w,_ter picks up ,_ il pa_s_s Ih r_)u_h fi_, air, over ,_l_dul_d_r Iheslreamofair, lhush_[pin_gr,_vitylt)pulIparfic[e_aLiIo[th_emisslallinlo the _round, and n_i it is used by hllu_holds _l_d indusl[5', a cnl]eclI_n are,_. Salt Waler [_ltt_ion_ The invasion _1_[r_'sh _urf,_ce or grilL*rid water by sail $elllln 8 Tank_ A holdini_ _rea [or wa_le_',_t er, wh_re he,_v K'rt_arlicles _hlk Ill

Jnlrlls_Oll, _ _W*_e_]'he _,,1_ile_nd _';_le_'_[er pTodtlc_d by i'_id_lllJ,l[ and ¢otl_n_t,rcJa] 5alvage_ The uliliz,ltIon _f w,_ste nl,_lerials, esl,_blishm_nts and discharged inlo sewers. Sand Ftllera_ Devices that remove _onle suspended solids [r_lmsetw_e. Air Sewa_4e La_oom (_e_: lal4_un.) _nd bacleria de¢ompos_ additian,_l i_',_les fi[lering through th_ sand so Ihat Sewage 51ud_e_ Sludg_ produced ,ll ,_[ ublicly Owned 'rte_lnl_nl Work_, the cleaner w,_t_rdrains _rom Ihe bed, disp_)_al _[ which is re_ulal_'d under the C!eai_ _V,_terAcl. Sanila_' I._nd[[ll_ (_e: landfill s,_n[l,_ry,) Sewer:. A channel or conduil th,_t carrle_ waste_valer ,and siorm waler run_)ff _nllarySewet_Under_r_undpipe_lh_tcar_'cff[onl)'d_mesticorillduslri,_l [romlhesourcetoalre,_tm_nlpl_llterr'ceivingstream, 5_ll_l_cy_er_car_ ',ramie, not _locm water, househ(_ld, industrial, and commercial wasle. Storm s_rs ¢_rryrunoff [rom S_nIt_ry _ui'v_y: An orl-sIl_ r_'*'J__v0( []1__',,_le_ _;LllrJc_;, f_¢i][_i_:_,_q_lJ_l_l_:nl_ r.l[n or 5now. Colll_ill_l__¢z_*crs_re las_d l'flr both purpo_e_,

o[ Ihose elements for ptoducin_ ,_n_ dist ribufinl4 sa_ drhlkJnl4 w,_t_r. Shotsun_ _on-_cicnlificlerm [_r file _cess _f breaking4u _lhe DNA deffved

harmS_nllati°nrdeverol]opOfhe,_hhment,C°,pnthysu_[nc'inl_,_ar],[inacth_°_e shuman _nvi_'_nmenl lhal ¢_uld _¢ra_m_'nlInl_ ,_b_lcle_ium. SaluratedZone:Asubsur_ceareaill_v[licl_lll _or_andcr,_cks,_refilled wilh Signal Wi)rd_ The ward_ used on a pesticide labe[--D,l_er, W,_rnin_, w_l_r under pr_ui'e equ_ to or I_r¢_]er I 1,111I I_1 o Ihe *ltnlll_|_ i_:re, C_lll[or*--113 [nl[Jc,11*t'h_ [_wl o[ Io×[¢J[_.'l [ the: chemicals, Scrap: M,_le¢i,als dIscard_d [ram m,_nu_ct u rlnt_op_ratiorls Ihat m_£ be _uil- SiBni[icant Deleri_rall_n: P_lhJllon re_l[ting from ,_new sourcein previausly able [or repr_)ce_sini4. "clean" ,_as. (Se_: prevention tlf si_lificanl det_riorali_n,) 5i_niflcanl Muni¢ip_l Facil[lle_ 'rh_ls_. publicly owm'd _,_,a_ trealmenl 5creenin_ [Jse o_ screen_ la remove ¢_,_rse _aling and suspended _olids plants lh,_l discharge a millian ga][_rls per day _r m_re and ,_te lherefore ¢onsld_rLtd by s_ale_ lo h_w the palenti,_l filr subslantial effecl_m flle qualily o[ Sccllb|l_t_*_n_JrP°l[LIt[°nd_2vJc_!th_llsl2s_sDr_Y°[l_l_r_lrre_clant°rad_' rec_Jvin_ w,_[_r_. praces_ 1o I_'ap pollutanls in emlssiLins. S[Kntficanl Vl_lal[ons_ Vio[alions by p_)inl _oLIrce dischar_'rs ill _ufflcienl Secondary Drlnkin[_ Waler Re_ulalhms: LIn_nfiwceable r_,qLdalion_ which magnilude and/_)r duration Io be ,_ regulatory priaril),, apply _o u|llicwat_rsyslemsandwhichsp_cifyth_maxhnLmlconh_minal[on lew[_ w_i_h, ill the _ud_emenl ¢_ [!IM., are requi_ed la prolecl the public Slll:Fineparl[c[esofsandorr_)cklhatc_lnbepickedupbylhe,_r_rwalerand wel_,_e, These re_ul,_tl_ns npply to ally conl,_minanls that may adversely deposited as sedimenl. aff_cl Ihe odor _r appenr,_nce of sllch _'aler ,_nd ¢oiisequ_'nll)' may caus_ 511vicullure: Mal_,_m_'nl of/orest land far timber; s_nl_time_con_ribLite_ In people s_rved by the syslem I_ dlscnnfiml_ ils use. _'_al_r pollution, ,as in cigar°culling. 5¢¢ondaty Tr_al_enh Th_ s_,cond _lep in mo_l p_tblJc]y _wn_[ wasl_ _r_.,_l- Sinking: Contralli_ oil s fills by using,_n a_en_ Io Ir,_p Ihe oih_nd sink it t_ fl_e ment _yslems in which bacteria ¢_nsunle the arl4anl¢ p,_rls of Ihe wasle. It i_ b_)lt_)m L_ I le body a_ _',_t_r I_'1ere the a_enl and file oil _lr_,b _d_14raded. accomplished by brin_in_ Iogelher wa._e, | acl_ri_, and _×y_en in Ir[cklln_; Sile In_pe¢liom The col[_'ction lff hlfarmal[on [rom n S_lp_rfLIndsite Io de. fillers ar in lhe ,_cliwlt_d _hld g,e _rocess. This treatment rem_ws floatinl_ and lermine the extenl ,_nd sever[ly o[ hazards pissed by Ihe _Ile, It(o]ll_'s ,_nd is setl]eab]e solids and about 90 p_rc_nl _f tha o_y_ell-demandin3 substance_ mot_ _×t_,nsive_ Ihan a prelimin,_ry ass_s_.sment. Th_ pLIrp_l_eIs 1o :4alher andsuspendedsolids. Disinfecli_)nlslhefinal_lage_ffsecondar),lre,_nl_nl, Informa_i[mnece_s,_ryl_¢orethesi_e,u_inglhe[]az_rdl_,_nkjngSysl_m,,_nd (S_e: prlm,a_,, tertiary Ir_alm_nt.) la determine if file site p_esenls an imra_'diale Ihre,_t Ihat rcLuire_ promp_ Secure Chemic_h (See: h_ndfills.) remov,_I ,_¢lJon. Secure Maximum C_ntam[nanl Level_ _laximum permissible I_vel o[ ,_con. 5i_inB: The process of ch_ostn._ n [ncafion _or n filcilily. lamin,_n t in waler which is delivered Ii_Ihe _ree flawing, _utlel _f fl_e ultimale $kimml_ IJ_in_ ,_ nl,_¢hine to remove oil ar scum [rom Ihe surface _f Ihe u_:_"o_ _ waler supply, [[1_ consumer, or o[ con]alllin_l[on r_au[IJr*_ [roRi _'_._ler. corrosion a[ piptni4 and p[,mbin,_ ¢,_lSed by _v_l_r qua[it_', 5low $_nd Filtration; *l'reatm_nl pr_)c_ss involvin_ assage _f raw _',ller Sedh_enla[lon: LellIn_ s01id_ _eltl_ o_ll of w,lstewaler by _ravity during thrau_3h ._bed of sand at Io_v velocily _v[lich re_l_lls in I_e sub_t,_nti_l remaval w_lewater lre_l_ent. _[ ¢henlica[ and bialo_ical ¢onlanlinanl_, SedJmenlallnn T_nk_ Holdin_ areas [or waslewaler where floalin.q w,_s_es 51udse_ A semi°_a[kl r_sidu_ [Tom any _l_a mln_b_r_ _1[air I_r_',_ler tr_almenl _re 6klmmed off ,_nd _ettled _olids are removed ['or disposal, prc_cesses, 5htd_e c,_n be a haza_dl_u_ iv,_le, 5edlmenl_ Soil, _ rid, and minerals w0shed frora land inlQ _aler usually ,_Iter Slurry_Awalecymixlure_3[insohlb[em,_llerlhatresu[l_[ram_mepo[hltian rain, Tl_ey pile up in reservoir_, rivers, and harbors, deslr_ying, fish-nesting4 control techniques. _reas _nd holes of wale_ animals and ¢loudin_ the water _o that needed Smeller: A_ncilil)'lhalmell_or[usesore, oflenwilhan,_conl_,_nyin_,ch_n_. _unll[_ht mlghl no_ rea_ _qu_fic planl_ Careles_ farming, mining and build- [¢_[ ¢han_ [0 se _',L 1_*Ih__ nllq,1]. _m j_;'_icln,; arL'kn ol','n Io ¢_11_ p_][u ti_ln. Ihine_ ]acand_ivitieafte_rwrill_tn_fxpa][s.ose sediment m_tetials, all_win_ them to be washed all Smelt n,_ _ I le pr_)¢ess n_'_ red.

16 Smog: Air pollution associated with oxidants, {See: pllotuchemieal smog.) Statelmplementaflun Iflans(SlPb El'A-approved stalepLms for gleestabltsh- Smoke: Parflcles suspended [11air after incom[qete combttsglul of materials, ment, regnladon, and enforcement of air poilu finn standards. Soft Delergents: Cleaflhlg agents that break dtm'n in nalure. Slationary Source: A fixed, nnn-nlut+'[ng _rndncer of po[hltiun, mainly power Soft Water: Any water fllat is not "bard," i,e., does not contain a significanl plants and other facilities using industrial combustion processes, Sterigzation: I, In est control, the nse of radiation and chemicals to damage amount of dlssnh'ed mhlerals such assahs containing calchrm or magaeshnn, body eeSs needed _r reproduction, 2, The deslrucgnn of ag living organlsms Soil Adsorption Field: A sob,surface area containing a trench or bed wigl in water Mron the surface of various materials, in contrast, disinfection is tile ; cleanslonesandasystemofdistribulionpipingflmmghwhidltreatedsewage destrnction of mrs/hying organisms in water or on sur faces. may seep into file surronnding soft for glrther treatment and disposal Storage; Temporary hohEng of waste pending Irt,alment or dispcsaL Storage Soil Condllione_ An organic material like humus or compost that helps soil methods include containers, tanks, waste piles, and surface impoundments. absorb water, build a baclerial comnulnity, and distribute nntrients and Storm Sewer; A cystem of pipes (separate from sanitary sewers) that carry minerals, only water runoE from bugdhlg and land surfaces, SOl] Oas: Gaseous elements and compotznds Ihat occttr in So.*small spaces between pargc[es of tile earlh and soil+ Such ga_es can move tbruugh or leave Stratification: Separating into layers. tile soil or rock, depending on cbanges in pressure, Slrato,¢phere: Tbe _orfinn uf tile atmo_pbere that Is [fl.lo-25 miles above the +..aFti'S surface. Solder: A metallic compound used to seal the joints between p[ _es. Until recently, most solder contained 50 potent lead. Stdp-Cropping:Growingcmpsina systematicarransement ofstripsor bands Sole Source Aquifer:. An aquifer flla_ sLIppEes g{) percent or inure of the which serve as barfler_ to wind and water erosion, drinking water of an area. Strip-Mining_ A proce_.s that uses machines to scrape soil or rock away from Solid Waste: Non-liquid, non.Soluble matedal_ ranging from municipal tar- mineral deposits just under the earth'_ surface. bate to industrial wastes Ihat contain complex, anti sometimes hazardtms, Sulfur Dioxide (502): A heavy, pungent, colorless, gaseous air ptdlulant subetances. Solid wastes M_o include sewage sludge_ agricultural refuse, formed pdmarfly hy industrial fossil fuel combnsfion processes, demolition wastes,and mining residues, Teciuflcalty, solid waste also referstn Setup: A pit or tank tbat catches liquid runoff for drainage or disposal. liquids and gases In containers. Sump PUEclplA m_.,chanism for removing water or wastewater fronl a sump or Solid Waste Disposal: The final placemeut of refuse Slat is not salvaged or wet wet. recycled. Superf._nd: The program operated under the [egislatb'e authority of CSRCLA Solid Waste Management: Supervised handlingof waste materials from their and SARA Slat funds and carries out tile EPA solid waste emergency and _ource through recovery processes to disposal Ions-term renlova[ remedial activities. These acgviges hid ode establishing file gogdlflcaUon and Stabilization: Removal of wastewater from a waste or National Priorities List, investigating sites for inclusion on the list, determin- changing it chemicagy to make the waste less permeable and susceplibte to ing their priest, level on the list, and conducting ,md/tw su _ervising the transport by water, ultimately determined cleanup and other remedial actions. Solvent:Substance(usuaflySquid)eapabJeofdissolvingordispersingoneor Surfacelmpoundmenh Treatmentb , slnrage,v ordistosM1 ofliquid bazard Ous rdoro uther _ubshmces, wastes in pond_, 5_oot: Carbon dust formed by incomplete combustion. Surface Water:. All water naturally open to the atmosphere (dyers, lakes, 5orpUomTheactionofsoaking,poraltracdngsubstances;aprocessusedln reservoirs, streams, impoundments, seas, estuaries, etc,); also refers to many poIrution control _ystems. _pdngs, welts, or other cogectors which arc directly influenced by surface Special Review: Formerly known as Rebutlable [ resumpgon Against Regis- water. tragon (f'_PAR), this Is Rle regulatucy process tbrongh which existing PesS- Surfactanh A surface-active agent used in detergents to cause lathering, tides suspecled of posing unreasonable risks to human health, Oral-target Surveillance System: A series of monitoring devices designed In determine organisms, or the environment are referred for review by EPA. Tbe review envirnnnlental fltlality . requires an intensive risk/benefit attalysis with opportunity for public coin- Suspended Sollds_ Small Pertic[es of solid pollutants that float on the surface mont. If tile risk of any use nf a pesticide is furred Io outweigh social anti of, or are suspended in sewage or osier Ik uids. They resist removal by economic benefits, regulatory actions--ra nging from label reviskms and use- conventional means. (See; Total Suspended Solids,) res_Scgon to cancellation or suspended reL6istralion--':an be initiated, . , , _ ,t , t ) Suspensiom The act of suspending file use of a pesticide when EPA deemsit Species: A reproducgvely Isolated aggregate of interL rec_ ins pop dagons i I necessary It) do so in order In reveal an imminent hazard resulting from organisms, . ' . . P " • continued nse of gle pesticide, An emergency suspellSion takt..s effect tin. Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures Plan (SPCCh Pt._n covering mediately; under an urdinary sus _ension a registrant can request a hearing the' release,, of hazardous snbstanct_,s as defined in tile Cl_..an Wate'r Act. befure tile suspension goes into c_[fect,Such a he,wing process might take six Sprawl: Unplanned development uf open land. months, Spoilt Dirt or mckthat has been removed from ils odghlal h)catinn, destroying Suspension CuRure_ Individual cells or snlag clomps uf cells growhlg in a the compnsflion of S_e soft in Sle process, as wiRI strip-mining or dredging, Squid mdrient nledium, Swamp: A type of wefland that is dominated by woody vegetalion and does harmlessStablllzati°n:materiaI.oC°nvef tilersaci°ntive nrga hie olalter in stLIdge hire i.ert, not accumulate appreciabre peat deposits. Swanlps maybe fresh or salt water Stabilization Ponds_ (See: lagoon.) and tidal or non-SdaL (See: Wetlands.) Synergisrm The cooperative interaction of two or nlore chemicals or other Slable Air: A mass of air tbat is not mnving normally, so/hat it holds raffler phenomena producing a greater total effect than the sum of their indlvktuaJ than disperses pollutants, effects. 5taek_ A chimney or sn_okestack; a vertical pipe Ihat discharges used air, Synthetic Organic Cbemlcals (SOCsh Man-made organic chemicals, Some Stack Efft_ch Used air, as in a cblnmey, that moves upward because it is gOCsarevolatfle, ofllerstend tostaydissolved inwaterraiher thanevaper.ate warmer Stun tile surrounding atmosphere, out of ft. Stack Gas: (See: fine gas.) Systemic Pesticide_ A chemical tbat [s taken up front the ground or absorbed Stagnation: L,Ick of motion in a mass of air or water, which tends tu Ilold glrough the surface and carried fllrmJgll rite system of Ibe organism being pollutants, protected, making tbe organism Ioxic to pests. Standards: Prescriptive norms whRh govern action anti actual limbs on tile T amount of pollutanls or emissions produced. EPA, under most of its responM. bilities, establtslles mininlum slandards, States are agowed to be st ric/er, l'atllnss: Residue of raw materials nr waste separated md during the process- Ins of crops or mineral ores. eStaacleh stateEmerggovernorency Respaccordonne ingCommissito theonreq(uiSERremeChntsComofmiSAssionRA TappitleotnledJR. Tbbye TBT Paints (TrybuSgn): (See; organogns,) SERCs de_isnate emergency planning districts, appoinl local emergency Technology-Based Standards: Effluent Ibnitatinns a lpIIcable to direct and planning committees, and su Pervi_e and coordinate their acgviges, indirect sources whicb are de_ eloped on ..acare ,ory-b ,-category basis using star tory factors, nut including water-quahly e_ects. t7 Teralogem gubstanceill,acaut sesma]formatklnur serklusdeviagon from cleanupofbazardouswastes[tesandfor]ega]acgontfoo rceflloseresponsible normal developmeJlt of embryos and fetuses, for die sties to clean flxem up. Terradng: Diking, buff{ along file conh)ur of sloping agr/cultural land, Slat Tundra: A ty _e of ecosystem dominated by licbens, nlosses, grasses, and holds runoff and sediment to rednce eroskm, woody plants. Tundra Js found at high latitudes (arctic tundra) and b[gh Terllary Treatment: Advanced rieaning of wasiewater tbal goes beyond tile altihldes (al _ine [uudra), Arctic Inodra is underhdn by permafrost and is secondary or biological singe. It removes nulrients such as phosphorus and usua y very wet. (See: wet ant s.) nitrogen and most SOD and suspended sogds, Turbld_meter: A device thai measures Ibe anlouol of suspendPd fiugds in a Thermal Pollullom Discharge of healed waler from induslria] processes tbal" liqnid. can off eel file life processes of aquatic organisms, Turbidity: I. Ilaziness In air caused hy tile _resenre of parlides and poHut- Thresbold Limit Value ffLVb Represenls the air cuncenlratkms ot chemical ants. 2. A simgar cloudy condition in waler due Io suspended sill or organic substances to whld_ it is bogeyed ihat workers amy be eH_osed dally wglmut math'r. adverse effect. U Threshold Planning QuanHty: A t uanfity designaled foreacl_ ebemicalon file list Ofextremely hazardous substances Iltat triggers notification by facilities to Ultra Clean Coal (UCCh Coal thai has been wasbad, ground into flue partb the state emergency response comndssion that such facilities are stlbJi!et to des, then chemically treated to renlnve sulfur, ash, silicone, and uther sub- emergency planning under SARA Title IlL stances: usually hrhluetled and coaled wgh a sealant made frunl coal, Tidal Marsh: Low, fiat marsMands traversed by channels and tidal hollmvs Ultraviolet Rays: gadiatiou fronl the sun glut can be usebd or puteoUaHy and sub eel to tidal inundation; normally, file only vegetation present are harmful. UV rays from one part of tile s _ectrunl enhance plant life and are sa flu erant bushes and grasses. (gee: wetlands.) usehd in some medico(and dental _rucedures; UV rays fronl utller parts of tile Tolerances: The permissible residue levels for pesticides in rats, agricugural spectrum to wbidl bumans are exposed (e.g., wbge getting a sun tan) can produce and processed foods, Wbenever a pestidde is registered for use uu a cause skin c_rncer or other tissue dalnage. Tbe ozone layer in tile amlos _bere foodora feederop a tolerance orexemption fromthetolerancerequirenlent) providesaprotectiveshield d_attimilstheamountoftd(raviolet raysflmtreach must be established. EPA establishes the tolerance levels, wldch are enorced the Earth's _urface. by the Food and Drug Administragon and tile Department of Agrictdture. Underground ]njecSon Control (UICb The progranl under file Safe Drinking Topograpby: Tile physical features of a surface area Induding relative eleva- Water Act that regulates tile use of wells Io pump fluids into tile ground. lions and the position of naturaI and man-made features, Underground Sources of Drinking Water: As defined in tile UIC fm_gram, Total Suspended Soltd_ (TSS): A measure of tile suspended sogds in thlstermreferstoa_uifersthatarecurrengybeingusedasasoureeofdrinking wastewater, effluent,,or water bud[as, determined by using tesls for "term drinkingwater, andthosettlatarecapableufsupplytngapublicwatersystem. suspended non-figerable solids." (See: suspended solkls,) 'rl_eybavea tolaldissoh,ed solidsconlentof lgd]00 milligrams perliter or[ass, Toxic: Harmful to living organisms, and are not "exampled aquifers," (See: exempted aquifer.) Toxic Chemical Release Porto= Information form required tu be subndtted by Underground Storage Tank: A tank located all ur _artially underground that facilities that manufacture, process, or use (in quanglies above a specific is designed to hold gasoline or other petroleum products or cbemical solu- amount) cbemicals listed under SARA Title Ill, lions. Toxic,Cloud: Airborne mass of gases, vapora, funles, or aerosols cotltaining Unsaturated Zone: Tbo area above the water table where tbe sog pores are not toxic m•ateria•ls. fully saturated, ahh0ugh some water nlay be present. Toxic Pollulanta:Maledals contaminating the environment thai cause death, Uranium: A nldioactive hea:'y metal element used in nuclear reactors and Ibe disease, and/or birth defects In olganl_ms tb0t Ingest or absorb tbem, Tile production of nuclear weapons. Term refers usually to U-238, Ibe most abun- quantities and length of exposure necessary to cause tbase effects can vary nidanumt raisdiumU-235.isotope, although a smog percentage of naturally occurring ura- widely. • Urban Runoff: Stornl water frum city streels and adjacent domestic or coin- Toxic Subatance: A chemical or mixrilre Slat may present an unreasonable risk inertial properties tbat may carry pollutants of "cariuu s kinds {nlo the sewer of injury to health or file environment, systems and/or receiving waters. Toxicant: A poisonous agent thal kills or inlures animal or plant life. V (ToxSeei:ciaty:cuteT,hechrdegreeonic tooxif cdity.)anger posed by a sLtbstanee hi aninlal or plant life, Vacclnez Dead, partial, or modified antigen used to induce immunity to Toxicology: The science and study of poisons control certain infectious diseases. Transformation. Tile process of placing new genes into a host cell thereb Vapon The gaseous pllase o f subatances tbalare liquid orsogd at atmospheric Induc ng tl e ] us• cell to ex] {[_l hlncllons encoded by he DNA' . ' Y temperature and pressure, e.g,, steanl. Trantlplraliom The process by wlddl water vapor is lost lU the atmosp]lere Vapor Caplure Syslenl: Any combina tirol of bouds and ventilagon syslenl that captures or contains orgallic va :rots in order that tbey may be directed tu an dfromissipalivingted. plants• The term can also be applied to tile quantby of water tiros abalenlent or recovery dee co. Vapor Dispersion: The movement of vapor clouds in airdu e h) wkld, gravity toTrap_roduce'lHo-Energyenergy,Plan: A plan for pulling waste back to work by burning trash spreading, and mlxlng, Vapor Plume_;: Fltle gases 1hat are visiblJ boca u se tbey conlain water droplets Treatmenl, Slorager and DJsposal Facility:Site where a hazardous subsla nee is treated, stored, or disposed, TSD facilities are regulated by EPA and stales Vaporization* Tile change of a substance from a ]iquid ion gas. under RCRA, Variance: Government permission for a dela, or exception in tile appIication Tdchloroelhylene (TCEh A stable, low-boiling colorless liquid, toxic by in- o a given law, ordinance, or regulation. halation. TCE is used as a solvent, metal degreasing agent, and in other Verier: 1, An organism, often an insect ur rodent, Ibat carries disease, 2, An industrial applications, object that is used to transport genes into a best cell (vecklrs can be plasnlids, Trickling POlar. A coarse, biological treatment syslem in which waslewater is viruses, or other bacteria), A gone is placed in tile vector; the vector Iben trickled over a bed of _tones or other material covered wgb bacterial growth, "in facts" the bacterium, The bacteria break down tile organic waste in the sewage and produce dean VenSlagon/Sucgont The act of admitting fresh air intu a space In order to water, replace stale or contamh]aled air; achieved by blmvlng air into tba space. Trihalomclhane (THM}: One of a family of organic compounds, named as Similarly, suction represents tile admission (d fresh air into all hlterior space dedvagvesofmethane. THM'saregenerallytbebyproduct fromchlorinagon by lowering tbe pressure outside of tile space, Illereby drawing lbe con- of drinking water that contains organic material laminaled air outward. Troposphere: The lower atmosphere; tbe porgon of the atmospbere between Vinyl Cblorlde: Achemicalcompound, used in producing sonle plastics, Slat 5even and ten miles from tile Earth's surface where clouds are formed, is believed 1o be carcogenic. Trusl Fund (CERCLA): A fund set up under the Comprehensbee Environmen- Virus: 'rbe smallest fnrnl of nlicrourganisms capable ut causing disease. ta] Response, Compensation, and Liabigly Act (CERCLA) Io balp pay for VoIatile: Descrlpgon of an)' substance thai evaporates readily. t8 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): Any (_rfi,_ni¢compound which _.lr([ci- _,_atershed:The land area th.it dr,lIns into a _;ffeam. pales in atmo_phorio ph_ltoeh,_ndoa]T_,lctiL_n:__xoepI for IIl()se de$it-;ll,lted by 'Water SuJ3plJer,A per_;L_nwho owns;or op_ralt,_ a p,bllo w.ltur s)'_,tem, the F.pA,A.dmini_lr,_lor _1_ha'.'in,_nufili_ible phol(loll_,mioll ro,lelivity. "waterSupply Sy_*lem:3"lw c_llI_elilll_, IrO._mt en_,_lor,li_e, and di:.lrlb_ltion lff Volatile Synthetic OrgaiIIc Cheml_ls_ Ch_mi¢.lls th,lt tend Io valatill._c or poi._b]t,w,_terfrom _atlr¢_ la ¢oll_umer. e'Japor_[_ fTt)m 1_,_3_=2rt "W_I_t SolublIJty_ ']'h(t maximoln ¢l)llc¢.,lltr_ltioll (if a chemic=31corll utlnd Vulnerabilily Analysis= ,'*,s_;o_;_nlenl_f el_mont_;in the ¢ommtmlty Ihai ,_re which o._nre,lilt _'hen it I_;dissolved[I_walor. If ,__,llb_laneeis e.'ate_":;¢_ll_l_il susceptible to dnmat_e_hould a rele,_senf haz._rdou:;m,_teri._lsoccur, can vocy ru,_dllydisperse dlroll_h the _nvironntent. lVuo_llnfoerabvolvleodZonJne_an An,1coald,or_aral¢]vro=rtwilc'dt_;eh_th¢lldd_ ,]irrbe,lohl_rnetho__z]mL!o'-.',enlofrtat¢(fon_llofCer,1lt,¢h_rn_ Waler Table_ The lewl ill _rounLIw._t _r. "Well_A b(_redd_rillod, or driven shaft or a du_ h_le, _'fo_:L_'Ll_pIh i_ 14re._l_'r W lll,_n the I,_r_e_tsurf.l¢_ dim_rlsi_n and who_e porpoise ls t_)reach under-

• Refuse from place_ of hLml,_nor ,_nim,_lIi,_bil._tion. "Well lnlectfon_ Th_ _ubsLirfac_elnpla¢om_nl of flLlid_ fo ._well Wa_lo Load AIIooallon_ Th._ maximum Iliad _)f p_dfot,]nt_ _,_¢hdlsch,_rFo,r _f "Well tvlonlfofln_ The measurenu'n_, by cm-_ite illstrum_ltl_; or labor,]tory ' w_ste is alfolvod to r_loa_ fore a particLIh_r_'.'nterw,_y,Di_;,:h,_r_elimits ._re methods, nf the qu,_llty of walor i_l,_ well. i¸ . ._ usually req_dred for eao]l .,,p...cfi[n _'taterquality ¢rilurfon b,zin,_,or exp_lod lu "Well Plug: A w,_t*ttir_h t ._nd _,_ti);ht s=t,din_t,_ll_,dIn _ bL_r.]m_ le _r wt.'][to be, vfol_ted, pro,vent muvemel_lof I]uid_. Walle T_e_lmenl Planl: A f,_cility contaildn}; a _erte_o[ tanks, scr_ns,fillor_, Wetland_ P,n are,_th,_lis ro_ul,_dy_atural_d by _u_f,_c_r ground water and and arbor processesby which pallut mll:_ aro r,_nl_v,edfrcm_w._l._r, =_ub,;elu..,nt]yi_¢h._r,_¢t.-'riz_d...ta_Ypr_,_,._l_noo_)f_e,_t,t_l_in_II_atis adapted for W_lB_Ti._,,lm_n 5r_.lm_['loc_nJllu _no,.ttlllL.nllfw_tef_-_rn_ont_r_l¢) r lefo_ur,3el _oI¢_nd t _._x,lmples 11¢[de ,'_v*l p_b_t;,fo_ _o tro.lter ._nd di_po_or, in,_r_lle_,,ll]d _lll,lrio_. Wa_tewate_Th_penloru*._dw._turff_m_fodivid_l._l]lome_,,_conlmlmll),,a WildfffeRefoF_Anaread_si n_t'_df_r dl_ Pr°lecU°n ol¸wild '_n[nlals,within t'arrn, or an Industry th,_t colllafos di_=,olwd _r _l_;pelldod re,liter, which ]ltmtin,_._n_lfishing; arc eit]l_r prohibited L_r:_tfictly controlled. Wa_lewalerO_eraliotl_andMalntenanc_=,_.ctfollstaken.lffer¢on_truotfonla "WoodoBurnlngSlovel_ollutlom_irpollulfonc,_us_dbyumis_Ions'_fp_rff¢ll - • s'..;ureUlat faciliUe_con_tr_lotedIo IrL'atw._tewalL,r wifl b.-'pro_orl)'ap_'rated, l._le m._ttor_carbonlnono×ide, tola[ ,_u_p,-'ndedp_rfictJl,_le:_,_, nd p_lycycll¢ m,_fo_ained, and nlnna,_odto nohi_vo efficiency ]_,_,._[.s_ndpr_cribed _llluent organic matter from wood-burnin_ _loves. I_v,_]sIn an o_tlmum m,_nn_r. "workln_ Level (WL); A unit of nle_Liru for docum_ntin_ o×p_ure to radon Waler Pollulion= The proson¢_in walcr nf on¢_u_hh,_rmfo] or objocUon,_bl_ d_cay _rodLIcts.One workin_ I=tvelIs ._¢u_dtn apprilxirnat _'ly _00 picot, ries material to d,_'nafie t]_ow._tet's _unlity, p_r lter. 'WaI_r Quality Criteria= Specific Iovols of water q_lality width, if re_l_ll_d,are "Warkln8 Level I'_lonlh(WL_,'I)=A unit of m_._;ureL_=tdtodel_rndno ¢unl_llao exp_ctedlorel_d_rabodyofwa_ersuitablefori_d':i_4nat_5odu_ L_.ll_e ¢dteria tire exposure to r,_on. are based on s_o[fie lewis of ,onllut,_ntsth,_t would make the w.]ter harmful if used for drinking, :_wimmin;_, f,_rndnt_,fish praductfon, or indListri.dpr_lo- X_ Y_ Z _sso_, Xt_ttobfotl_'l'eTnl for nl_rl-n_ttur,lllyOCCLIfo_r.gnl_lll.nl_de _;uII_l_ii ¢_';;l*_und In Waler Qualtly Standards: Slate-adopted ,_nd I_PA-approvod ,_mbient_lano the en'.'ironm_nt(I,_,, _yntholi¢ m,_ter_a_l lvents, p]a_li¢_). dards _r water bodies. That_tand,_rds¢o'*,.r-th' e u_eof th_ wat_,rbLidy alld th_ Zooplanklon_ Tiny ,_qu_tie ,_nlrnalsealen by fi_,h_ wa|er _]ualily criteria w]_ich must b¢ met fo }_r_toctth_ de_i_nat=tduse or u_._,

_t

19 Acronyms

A AI.ARA: As Low As Reasonably Achievable ASIWCPA_ Assuciag0n of State aad Interstate ALC: A _plicagon LimBing ConsRtnent tArater Polglgon Colllrul Adndnisiraturs AA: Adverse Aclinn ALJ: A_mhlislradve I.aw Judge AgMDItS:/drsbed Model Data [landling System AA: Advices of Allowance ALMS; TALMS witgout th,-' tunabk' AS {L A n ospherieSdences Research Laboratory AA: Assistant Administrator ALR: Action Leakage Rule ASTHO: Association of State and Tc,rritorial AA: Assodate Adminislralnr ASIA: American Medical Asst_ciatinn Ileallh Officers AA: Atomic Absorption AMBIENS: Atmospheric Mass Balance of hi- ASTSWMO: Associalion of Slale and Terrdodal AAAS: American Association for the Advance- dustrially Emitted and Natural Sulfilr (ex-, Sogd Waste Management Officials meat of Science perinlental blvesggagon by file MAP3R Com- AT: Advanced Trealnlent (water) AAEB_ American Academy of Enviromnental En- reunify) ATEBIg: Air Toxics Exposure and Risk ]nforlna- gineers titre gysl_-'lll (ORD) AANWR: Alaskan Arctic Nagunal WigEife Be fuge AMSPS: : AAumetoricmanagc MMaeleorolp dnogi_caand SPolaciely0nlng Systenl ATS: Action ']'racking Syslem AAP: ARirmative AcBun Plan AMSA: Associalinn of Met rtq)ogtan Sewer Agen- ATg: Administrator's Tracking System AAF: Affirmative Action Progranl cies ATSDR: Agency forT0xicgubslancesand Disease AAP: Asbeslos Action Program ANFR: Ad'*,ance Notice of Proposed Rulemakhlg Registry (I g iS) . AARCt AlEance for Acid Rain Control ANSS: American Nature Shldy Society A'VI'F: Air ']'oxics 'l'a_kFuree AgEg: Algance for gala nc0d Bnviron nlel_talSohl- AO: Administrative Dfficer AUSA: Assistant Uniled grates Attorney lions AO: Administrator's Officc_ AUSM: Advanced Utility Simulagon Model AC: Actual Commitment AO; Administrative Order (on congeal) A/WPR: Air/Water P0lluBon Report ACt Advisory Circular AO: Area Office AWRAt American Waler Be_otlrces AssociaBon ACt ABernaling Ctlrrenl AO: Awards and ObgBagons AWWA: Anlerican Water '_Vorks/_ssociation A&C: Abalemeat and Cunirol AOC Abnornla[ Operating Condilio!ls A_/WAE, E_Anlerican Waler VVurks Association ACA: Alnerlcda Consewallon Associagon AOD: ArBoa-Oxygen DeCdlb_ndz_igon [leseareb Ptmndatiiin ACBM: Asbestos-Containing Building glaterial AOML: Atkmgc Oceanographic and Meteorblgi- AX: Adnrinislrator's Office ACE: Alliance for Clean Energy cal Llboralo_ ACEEE: American Council for an Bnergy Efficient AP: Accounting Point Economy APA: Administrative Procedures Act [3 ACEM: Actual Cubic Feel Per F-Bnule APCA: Air Pollution Control Assuciation ACL: Alternate Concentration Limit APCD: Air Pollution Control District BAA: guard 0f Assist,lace Appeals (OGC) ACL: Analygca] Chemistry Laboratory APDS: Automated Frocurt,ment Documenlalion BAG: gintechnolngy Advisory CommBlee ACM* A_beslos-Containing Material System BACT: gesl Avagable Control Technology ACP: Air Carcinogen Policy APnA: Amedcan PubEc IIealtB Association BADT: Best Availa le De arts aed Tec no ogy ACQUIRE_ Aquatic Information Retrieval APBAC: Urban Diffusion Model for Carbon BaP: Benzo(a}Pyrene ACQR: Air Quality Control Region Moauxide frtlm Motor Vehicle Traffic BAP: Benefits Analysis Frogram ACS: American Cllemical Society APT; Associated Pharmacists and Toxicologists BART: Best Available BetraBt Teclmology ACT: Action APTh Air Pollution Trainin B Instdute BASIS: Batieltes Auhunaled Search Information ACTS: Asbestos Contractor Tracking System APWA: American Pubgc Works Association System ACWAt American Clean Water Associatlon AQ-7: Non-reactive Pollutant Modeling BAT: Best Available Treatment ADABA: Acceptable Data Base AQCCT: Air Quality Criteria and Control Tech- BATEA: Best Available "l'ecllnot g)' EconomicaSy ADB; Applications Data Ease niques Achievable ADh Acce table Daily Intake AQCR: Air Quality Control Region (CAA) BBR: BuSetin Board System ADQ; Audits of Data Quality AQD: Air Quality Digest , ICC: ggnd Carbon Copy • ADR: Alternate Dispute Resolution AQOHS: Air Quality Data I landling gf'stem BCCM: Board for Certified Consu ling b eteoro- ADSS: Air Data Screening System (OAR) Iogists ADT: Average Dally Traffic AQDM: Air Quality Display Modc, I BC'T: Best Control 'redulology AEAt Atomic Energy Act AQMA: Air Quality Maintenance Area BCT: Best Conventional pngulant Control "['ecb. AEC: Associate Enforcement Counsels (OECM) AQMP: Air Quagty Maintenance Plan nology ABE: Alliance for Environmental Educagon AQMP: Air Quality Managenlen[ Plan BDAT: [JustDemonstrated Achievable TechnoM- AEERL_ Air and Energy Engineering Research AQSM: Air Q0ality gialulaBon Model Laboratory AQTAD: Air Quality Tecllnical Assistance BDgYT: Best Demonstraled Technology AEM: Acouslic Emmision Monitoring Demonstration BEJ: Best I!xFert Judgment AERE: AssodaBon of Environmental and Re- A&R: Air and Radiathm BEP: glack Employmelxt Program source Economists ARA; Assistant Regional Adnlinistrator BG: Iglgon Gallons AESI Auger Electron Spectometcy ARA: Associate Ilegional Adnlinistrator Ill: Brookings Institution AFCA: Area Fuel Consumption AllocAtion ARAR: Applicable or Belevant and Ap _ropriate BIAt Bnreau of Indian Affairs AFRCE_ Air Force Regional Civil Engineers Standards, Lindlatkms, Criteria, ami _equ re- BID: Background ]nformagon Document AFS* Agl.s Facility Subsystem ments AFUD; AIRS Facility Users Gronp ARBt Air Resources guard BIDBIOP: LBuUMoyaE:ncyModIndel ucl0ed prDiedsperict stheion Maxinlum Ex- AGC: Associate General Counsels (OGC) ARC: Agency Rankglg Committee tent of Exisgn ' Plunles All; AEmvancu I lolders ARCC: American Rivers Conservation Cuuneil BLM: Burealt o_Land Management: AHERA: Asbestos I {azard Emergency Resptmse ARG: American Resources Group BLOB: Biologically Liberated Organo-Eeasties Act ARIP: Accidental ReIease Information Program BLS: gureau of I.abor Statistics Ah ArllScial Intelligence ARL: Air Resources Laboratory BMP: Best glanagemL'nt Practice(s) AICE: American Institute of CBemical Engineers ARM: Air Resources Management BMR: ltasegne Monitoring Report (CWA) AICUZ: Air Installation Compatible Use Zones ARe: Alternate Regttlatory OpBon BeD: giocbemical Oxygen Demand AID: Agency for International Devdo intent ARRP: Acid Baia Research Program BeD: Biological Oxygen Demand AIG; Assistant Inspector General ARRPA: Air Resources Regi.nal PoEulion Assess- BOF: Basic Ox),gen Furnace Aide: American Industrial I leMth Council :neat Model BOM: Sureau of Mines AIP_ Auto Ignition Poiat ARZ: Auto-restricted Zone BOP: Basic Oxygen Process AIRS: Aerometric Information Retrieval System AS: Area Source BOPF: Basic Oxygen Brocess Furnace AL: Acceptable Level ARC: Area Source Category BOYgNC; Beginning of Year gigniBcaut Non. AL: Administrative Leave ASCII_ Amedcan gtandard Code for Infornlalion Compgers AL: Annual Leave ]nterchange BP: BniEng ]klint ALA: American Lung Asstlciation ASDWA: A ssoeialion of Slale Drinking IVater Ad- BPA: Elankel Purdlase Agreenlenl ALA: Della-Aminolevugnic Acid ministrators BPJ: gest profe_;sional Judgment ALA-O: Delta-Aminolevugnic Acid Dehydrates ASIIAA: Asbestos bl Ecbuols I lazard Abatement gPT: gest FraelicabIe TecBnology ALAPO: Association of Local Air Pollutiun Con- Act: BPT: gest Practicable Conlrol Tec]lnology trnl Officers BIrrt Sest I_raeticableTrealmenl

2O BRS: Bib[iogra _hic Relrieva] Service CDD: Chlorinaled dibenzo.p-flioxtn CLEVER: Clinical Labor01ury for Evalu,lliLm and BSO: en_ene So u i e OTganics CDF_ Chlorh_aIed dibenzL_fLIr,_l_ Vali_lali[ll_ _f E]_idemk_loglc Re_earch BTU_ Ilrilish Thermal Unlt (ZDIIS_ {2ompreheiisive Data I[anflling System CLFI Conservalion Law Fmln_l_li_n IITZ:.l]elow file Trealnlenl Zone (OAR) CLIPS_ Chemical Lisl Index and 13rocessillg BU_ Bargaining Unit CDI: Case [)e_,eltJpnletll [nspectiorl Sy_lem • BIJN_ Blood Urea NiIrogen CDM_ Clinlalclll_gical Dispersion _,]odel CLP_ Conlracl Laboralory Progran_ r I1¥_ Budget Year CDM_ Comprehensive Dala Managemenl CM_ Corrective Measure CDMQC_ C[Imah_lo_ical Dispersion Mode[ wifil CMA_ Chemical ManLifaclurer_ As_ocialion (ZaliL_raliLirland Sollrce C(ll_lribLltiLIn; CMII_ Chemical _.lass Balance _ C CDNS_ Climnlological Dala National Snnullary CMI_ Comprehensive (_rolind _valer) Monitoring .i CDP_ Census Designalefl Places EvaI_tafion C_Celsius CDS_ Compliance Data Syslem (ZMEL: Comprehen_ive (ground _valer) M_nilor- CA_ Citizen ACl CE_ Calegorical I:.xchtsion ing Evaluafioll Log i CA: Compefili_n Advocale C_: Cosl Effectiveness CMEP_CriIical Ma_s Energy Project CA_ Coop_r_[_ve _g_eenlenIs C[_AI Collper,_[i'¢_ _!nfllrcelllen[ Agreelneill COCO: Colltr_¢lor-OWl_ed/Conlraclor.Op_raled :! CA_ Corrective Acth_ CEA_ Cosl and ECL_EI_n_iAcsses_menl {OI_CM) COD; Chemical Oxygen demand CAA_ Clean Air Acl CEA: Council of Economic Advisors COE_ IJ,_. Army Corps of Engineers CAA_ (2ore _[lance A_surance Agreenlm_l CEAT_ Conlra¢lor I_vidence A_I_IilT_'am COII_ Coefficien_ of Haze (2AA.a._C can Air Acl Amendmenls CEARC_ Canadian Envirorlmenla] Asses_n_enl COI_G: Congressional Coml_illee CAB_ Civil Aer_maulics Board ReseaTch CoLIncil CPF: Carcinogenic Polency I:,lclor CAD_ Colnp_ller AssIsled Design CEB: Chemical Element _alance CP]_ Consumer I_rice Index CAER: Communily Awareness and Emergency CEC: CommI_si_n of European C_nlrnL_ililies CI_O_Certified Projecl Officer l_espoE_e CECATS_ C5[_ L_xi_lill_ ¢2hemicals Assessmenl (2PR_Center for Public Resources (2AFI_: Corporale Average F_Je[ Economy Tracking Syslem (O[_I'S) CPSC_ Consumer Product Safely Commission (ZA[:O_ Consenl AgreementJ_illal Order (2EI_: Cenler for Environmental Education CQA_ Cnnslruclion Qua]ily A_surance CAG: Carcinogenic Asses_menl Gr[_up CEEM_ Center _or Ellergy _l_d Environnlen_al Cl_: Communily l_elaIions CAIR: Comprehensive Assessmenl of Inf_rma- Managemenl CROI_: Con_olidaled Rules of I_raclice lion RLlle CEI_ Compliance l_'_luaflon Inspection (CWA) CRR_ Cenler for Renewable Resources CALINE_ California Line Source Model CEL_lI_ Calladian Environnlental Law [_esearcll CI_S_ Congres_ioilal Rese,_rch Service CAMP_ Continuous Air Moniloring Program [_undatiol_ CI(STER_ Single Source Disper_io_ Mnde] CAN_ Common Account Number CI_M_ Continuous Emission Moniloring (CAA) CSI_ Clean Siles, [no, CAO: Cl_rrective Action Order CEMS_ Continuous Ernis_ion _.lonitofing Syslem CSI_ Corapliance San_pIing Inspe¢lion (CWA) CAP_ Corrective Action Plain CEO_ Chief Executive Officer CSIN_ ChemicalSubslances[nfarmafillnNeiwork CAP: Cos_ A[l_callon ProcedLire CEI_P: Chemical Emergency Preparedness Plan CSMA: Chemical Specialties Manufacturers (2AP_ Criteria Air Polhltanl CEQ_ Council on Environnlental QIinlily As_Dcialion CAR_ Corrective Action Repor_ CERCLA: Comprehensive Environmenlal Re- CSO_ Combined Sewer Overflow CAS: (2enler for Aulamofive Safety sponse, Compensation, and Liabilily Acl of I*JSO CSPA_ Council of Slale Planning Agencies (2A5: Chemical Abslracl Service (ZERCL[_: Comprehensive Envlronmenlal Re_ CSP[_ CeElIer for Science in file l_l_bli¢ Inleresl CASA(2: CleanAirScIenfiflcAdvisoryCl_mmillee _pon_e, Compen_alion, and Liabili_y ]nforma- CSRL_ Cenler for tile Siudy of Respollsive L_v CASLP_ Conf_renceon AllernaliveSlaleand Local _ion Syslem (OSWER) crM_(2_ Chemical Testing and A_sessmenl [_e- Practices (ZEI_.i_Cenler for l_nvironmenlal Research In. search Commission CA'I'S_ Correc_ive Action Tracking S),slem formation CW_Congress Walch CAU: Carbon Adsor _lion Unil CERT: Cerlifi_ate o( I_ligibility CWA_ Clean Waler Act (aka FWPCA) CAU: Command Aril _mei ¢ Unll CEU_ C0ntinuing, EdLicati_m Unil._ CWAP_ Clean Waler Action Projecl C[I_ Conllnuous Bubbl,_r CI_ Conservalion Foundation CWT(2_ Chemical Wasle Tran_portalion Council (2BA: Chesapeake Bay Agreement (2FA_ Con_lmer I:ederafion of American CII._._ Cost Benefil Analysis CI_C: CIl]_r_lfl_l_rocarb_ns CBD_ Cenlral Business Dislricl CFM: Chlorofl,oromefl_anes O CBD_ Commerce I_ustne_ Daily (ZFM: C_bic Feel Per _,lInule (_. 3/nfin, preferred CII[_ _ol_pliallce BIonloni_oring Inspection excep[ with ACFM _r SCFMi DA_ Deputy Admil_lslralor (CWA) CFR: Code of Federal I_eg_llaliol_ DAR_ Detens_ AcqL_i_ili_lnRegulations (2BI_ Confldenhll I]usiness Informati_n CFS: C_lbic feel per second dB_ Decibel CLIO: Congres:ional BLIdgel Office CI'IAI]A_ Commillee on Ilearhlg and [lio- DCA_ Documenl Contr_[ Assi_lant CI]OD_ Carbonaceous Biochemical Oxygen I)e- Acoustics DCO_ Dalayed Compliance Or_Ier (CAA) mand CHAMP_ Conlm_ll_ily I lealt h Air Moniloring Pro- DCO_ Dl)cument Conlrol Officer

CBP:BP_ Couhesnapeakety Businflessay PProgal_rearmns CHEM_ramTIIEC_ Chemical Tra n.'porlalio_s Enlergen._, DESDDT_ DieD(Ilch_lyarso)D0fi besle_Thebyo l)T(l_ich]o_oethane) CC_ Carbon Copy ¢y C_nter DI: Diagnos_ic Inspeclion (CWA) C(2A: Competition In C¢lE_IraclillgAcl (2HESS_ Communily l lea]Ill and I:.nvirol_nlenIal DMR_ Discharge Moniloring Rep rl CCAA_ Canadlall Clean Air Acl Surveillance Syslem DNA_ Deoxyribonucleic acid CCAP: Cenler for Cleall Air Policy CHIP: Chemical I lazar_l Information Profile DO: Dis_L_lve_ Oxygen C(2EA: Conventional Conlb_lslion l!nvironmenlal CI: Compression lgnilion DOC_ DeparImen_ of Commerce Assessmenl C[: Confidence Inlerva] DOD_ Depart men_ o_ Defense (2CIIW: Cifiz 'n_ Clearinghouse for llazardn_ls CIAQ_ Council on Indoor Air Qualily DOl_ Department of l_nergy Wasles CIBL_ Convective Internal Boul_da_3' L_yer DOI_ Depnrlmen_ of Interior CC[D_ Confidelltial Chemicals Idenfificalh)n CICA: Competition in (Zonlracfing Act DOJ_ Departmenl of Justice Sy_iem CICIS_ Chemicals In Commerce Information Sys. DOL_ Departmenl of Labor CCMS/NATO _ Commillee on Challenges of a tern DOS: Department of Slate Modern Sociely/Norlh: Allanti_ Treaty Organ- CIDRS_ Cascade lmpacl_r Dala Redu¢liEm,$y_lem DOT_ Deparlment of Transportation izalion CIM|: C_)Inmi_lee on hltegrily, an_i _.lanagemenl, DOW_ Defenders of WJldIife CCP_ Corn osiIa Correction Plan (CWAI Improvemenl DPA_ Deepwaler Porl_ Acl C_RT$_ _hemical Collecli_n/l_equesl Tracking C[S_ Chemical [nformalion Syslen_ DQO_ Dala QL_ali_yObjeclive Syslem CI$: Colllracts Information System DI1A_ Deputy Regional Admlnistralor C_Tp; Clean Coal "['echnoIogy Program CJE_ Crilical Job Elera_nt DI_.C_Deputy Regional C_lu nsel CD_ ClimnIo]ot_lcal D_ta CJO_ Chief ]udici_] Officer DRMS: Defense I_eLlliliznti_n and Marketing Ser- CDB: (2onso]idaled Dala Base CLC_ Ca _acily Limiting ConstilLlenis vice CDBA: Cenlral Da_a Base Adn_iElistrall3r CLEAN_: Clinical I_bora_ory for F.vah_aflon and DS_ Dicholomous Sampler CDC_ Cenlers for Disease Conlro[ 0 II_S) A_sessmenl of Toxic S_lb_tances DSA['_ Dal, Self A_ldilin_ | rogram

21 DSCF: Dry Standard Cubic Feet EIA: Economic ]mFacl Assessment ESCA_ Electron Speclroscopy for Cht'mical AnM- DEEM: Dry Standard Cubic Meter EtA: Environnlental impact As:,e:_sment ysis DEE: Decision Support System EIL: Environnlenfal hn _aIrment Liabig_y ESCAP_ Ecnnnmicand SociaICmnmisshm forA_ia DES: Domestic Sewage Study Ell{: Endangernlent ]n_rnlafinn bleport .and tile Pacific DT_ Detention Time FIR: Environmental impact ]_epnrt ESECA_ Energy SuppJy and Envlrnnmental DU: Decisinn Unit EtS_ Environmental Inventory System Ct_ordination Act DU: Ducks Un)imEed ElF: Environmental hnpaci SfatL'ment (NEFA) ESIE Envirnnnlental Safety and IJealdl DUE: Decision Unit Coordinator: EIS/AS_ Emissions Inventory 5yslem/Area Source ESF: Electrostatic PreciFitators DW5_ Drinking Wafer Standard EIS/FS_ Emisshms Inventory Ey:gem/Foint Source ET: Emissions Tr_ldillg EKMA_ Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approacl_ ETP_ Emissions Trading Policy EL: Expos.re Level ETS: Rnvironment.ll Tobacco Smoke [¢ ELI: Environmental Law Institute EWCC_ Environmental Workforce Coordinating ELR: Envirunme,fal _v Eeporler Committee EA_ Endangerment Assessment EM_ Electromagnetic Cartduclivil F EX: Executive Level A _pointment EA_ Enforcement Agreement EM: Electron Microscope ExEx: Expected Excee_ance EA: RnvironmentM Action E-MArL: Electronic Marl EUP: Environmental Use Permit EA_ Environmental Assessment (NEPA) EMAS: Enforcement Management and Accounf- EA: Ew.'irottmental gudit ability System (OECM) EAF: Etectric Arc Furnaces EMl: Emergency Management institute F FAG: Exposure Assessment Group fORD) E/'dR: Environmental Management Report EAP: Environmental Action plan EMS: Enforcenlenf Management Syslem F: FMirenheit (Degrees) EAR_ Environmenta) Auditing Roundtable EMSI.: EnvironmeJg,fl Monitoring gUpFort Lab- FAA: Federal Aviation Admgdstragon EB: Emissions Balancing oratory EACA_ FedL'ralAd'cisory Committee Act EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Inter- EMSL: Environmental Monitoring gystem_. I_b- PACM: Friable Asbestos-Containing Malerial change Code oratory FA3,f: Friable Asbesto_ ?,,laterlal EC: European Communit F (Commun Market) EMTS: Environmellfal Monhorin_ Testing Site FAME: Framework for Achieving Managerial Ex- EC_ Environment Canada EMTS: Exposure Monitoring Test Site ¢ellence EC: Elective Concentration EO: Ethylene Oxide PAN_ Fixed Account Number ECA: Economic Community for Africa EO: Executive OIficer FAO: Food and Agrlctlitttre Organization ECAP: Employee Counseling and Assistance Pro- EO: Executive Order FAR_ Federal Acquisition Regulations gram EOB_ Executive Office EtJiidlng PASTE Financial Accounting Standards Board ECD_ Electron Capture Delectur EOC: Emergent, OJperagng Center FATES: FIFEA and TSCA Enforcemenl System ECR: Economic Commission for Europe EOD: Entrance nn Dilly FEE: Fluidized bed combustion ECHH_ Eleclro-Catalygc Ifyper-I tearers EOE: Equal Ol_porttmity Employer FCC: Federal Communicafim_s Commission ECL: Environmental Chemical Laburafn0' EO|: End of ]of_ FCC: Fluid Catalytic Converter ECLr Executive Control Language EOP_ !_mergency Operalluns Plan f/co: Fibers per cubic centimeters (of air) ECLA: Economic Commission (or Latin America ROT: Emergency Operafi_n_ Team FCCU: Fhdd Catalytic Cracking Unit ECliA: Economic Cleanup ResponsibEgy Act EOY: End of Year FCO_ Federal CoordinaEn S Ofgcer (ir_disaster ED_ Department of Education EP_ Eartil Protectors areas) ED: Effective Dose RE_ Environmental Prugie FCO: Forms Control Officer EDA: Economic Development Administration EP: Extraction Procedure FDA: Food and Drug Administration EDA_ Emergency Dec_aratiotl Area RPA: U.S, Environmenta) Protectit_n Agency FDF: Fundamentally Different Factors

EEDDCzS: Ethyfh leien_ee DDiichbromloride;Me EPPAAAAR:: EnEPvlronA AnlenttlshdltioPnroIg,ra_emgts_laAssisEonstance Act: FDLFDIC: _FinalFederDaeterm) Depinosatioit nInstLlraetternee Corporation EDD: En_rcement Dedslnn Document EPACASR_ EP_CqCIlenlicalActivitk,_ Status Report FDO: Fee Determination Official EDF: Environmental Defense Fond EPAYS: EPA Fayrnll System FE: Fugitive Emissions EDP: Electronic Data Processing FleA: Federal Energy Administration EDRg: Enforcement Document Retrieval System EPD: Emergency Flannin_ District FEC: FederM Execuri ve Cnnnctl EDS: Elect rot_Ic Data System EPh E'rtvIronmental Policy InsElute F_DS: Federal Energy Data System EDS: Energy Data System EPIC: Environmental Fhatograpldc interpretation FRFx: Forced Ex iratory Finw

EEDDTT:A:EEditthyJeneDater TDiamineransmissionTriacetic Acid EPNCeLn:terEffective Perceived Noise Level FEFEHI:B:FedeFedraleralEx_EPecuti',empIoyeeInsgsltulet,.alth EeneEts EDZI Emission Density Zoning EPO: Estnadne Prngranls Office (NOAA) FEIS: Fugitive Emissions information Systemy EEA_ Energy and Environmental Analysi_ EPgl_ l_lectric Power Research hlsHmte FEL: Frank Effecl Level EEC: European Economic Commission EIrYC: E'xtracrior_Procedure Toxicity Charactcds- FEM/CaFederal Emerg 'ncy Management Ag ,ncy EEG_ Electroencephatogram tic FEMA-REP-I: Response I fans and Preparedness EEl: Edison Electric InsEtute ER: Etectdca] I'_e_istivity in Support of Nuclear Power Plants EENET: Emergency Education Network (FENIA) ERA: Economic Regulam Agency FEMA.REF.2_ Guidance for Developing State and EEOC: Eqtlal Empluyment Opportunity CommiE- ERAMS: Environmenl_rit RadlaEon Ambient Local Radiolngica] Enlergency Response Plans sion Mnndoring System (OAR) and Preparedness for Transportation _:,cgons RER= Excess F.mlssion Report ERC_ Emergency Response Conunisaion FF.YC_ F_xietalRnerg2,[''oUcyand Comee,.agon Ad EEtory:RL=Eastern Environmental Radiagon Labora- ElER{C:E: EnvEmiisrosionnmselgRefltal RlcegsoenarchCrediCet nler FERC) Federal Energy Regulatory Conlrn[ssion EERUI Environmental Emergency Response Unit ERCS: I_mergency Response Cleanup Services FERSA: Federal Employee Retirement System Act EESR Environment and Energy Stud}, hlsgtute ERDA: Energy Researcll and Developnlem Ad- FEFEE'V:: FactorForcedEExvahJafipiratooryn SyVsotemlume EEEL:EnvironrnentM Ecological and Support Lab- m[nist ration FEVI: Forced EX iratory Volume - one aecond EETFC:oratoryEnvironmental Effects, Transport and ERmDen&DAt andA: DeEmnvonsRotrnatimeonnta[Autl[reloserizaracgh,on DevAelctop- FEVh Front End _olati[ity Index Fate Co_nmgiee ERL: Environmental Research Laboratory FEW: FederMly Employed Women EF: Endssion Factor ERNS: Emergency Response MotificaEon System FF: Federal PacigSes EFO: Equivalent Field Office ERP: Enforcement Response Policy I:FF_Firm Financial Facitity EFTC: European Fluowcarbon Technical Cont- ERT: Emerge,,ncy, Response T',eam FEAR: Fuel and Fuel Additive Registration mittee ERTAQ: ERT Air Quatity Model FFFFFDCASG_t FoFederassil Ful eFlunFdir,edDrSteamug, anGd tmCerosmatoretic Act EGR: Exhaust Gas Recirculation ES: Enforcement StrafesF FFIS: Federal Facilities Information System EH: I,_edox Potential ESA: Endangered Species Act FFP; Firm Fixed Price EHC: EnvironrnentaJ Heagh Committee (EAR) EGA: Euviromnenially Eensirive Area EHS_ Extremety Hazardous Substance ESC: Endangered Species, Committee, FGD: Flue Gas DesulfuHzaEon El: Ernission._; Inventory FtiA: Farmers llome Administration.

22 FHA: Fuder_ll Hottsinfi Adminislrafion FURS_ Fudural Undergr_lttnd [njuct[tm Ctlntrol H FIILBf_: Federal Home Loan [_ank[Ioard [_,porfin_ System FI_'WA_ l:ed_ral I]ighway Adnlin[str_ltion FVC: Forcud Vital C_l_acity HAD: Ite,_lth Assessnlent Dc_c_mlent FIA_ Federal [n_l_ran¢_ Administration FVMP: Feder,ll Visibility _Itltlitt_ring [_rtll_ralll IIAP_ I laz,_rdt_usAir l_t_lllth_nt FIC: Foder,_] Inform_flt)n Centt,r FWCAt Fish nnd Wildlife C_ordJn,_fi_lnAct I_AIIEMS: I lazard_u._?,ir Pullut,_nt l_nh_rc_m_nt FICA: Federal Insurancu ContribLitilm_ Act FWP: Federal Wortlen's Pr_,_r,lm _,latl,_gement S_,st_n_ , FID: Fl_rne Ionization Detector F*WPCA:Feder,_lWat_r PolltltionC_lntr_Jlt_,ct (,Ika _IAPPS: [Inz,lrdous Air I_llutant Pr[_lrilJzafic_n FIFO_ First In/First Out Clean Water Act, _r CWA) System I:]FRA: Federa[Insec_icJde, Ftm_ici_te,and Rodin- FWPCA: Federal W,_ter l't_llLIti_ln C_rltr_,l Ad- I_ATI_E_,IS_ lt,_zard_lIl_ _nd _'r_¢_ i!mlssions t[cide Act mJnistrnffon Systetn • ElM: Friabl_ Insul,_tion M_tert,_l Ft_S: Fish and 'WitdlJf_ S_rvic_ IIAZ_,_A'r: _I,_zardous M,_teria3 FINDS: Facility Inde_ System (OIRM) FY_ l_iscalYear HAZOP_ Etazard ,_nd O_'r_bility Study FIP: Federnl Imptumentat[on PI,_n FYll For Your Inftlrm,_ti_n Illl_ _le,_lth I_enefits FIP_ Federal Inftlrmatian I_lnn I_IIEI_: I Iis _,_11arii¢ d l_l,lckI_mpIoym_,ntI_rt_gr,_ms JFIP_Finnl Implumezltation Plan l]C: a;_,_rd_tl_Cullstitt_ent_ FII_S_ F_d_ral Information Procedure_ Systenl G 11C__Iy_lrocarbons FIT: Field Inw_tJgation Teanl I_CCPD: _I_xadl[_rocycl_pentadi_ne FLETC_ Federal Law ffnforcementTr_inin_ Center GAAP: G_neral y Acc 'p ed '_c¢i nt n._Pr ncip]e_ HCP_ I lyp_t h_rmal Coal l_mcess FLM: Federal L,_nd M,_nnE_r CAC: Ground-'Walc'r ActIwted Carb_n ltOD: I_e,_vy-Duty Diesel FLP_ F[,_shP_int GACT_ Gr,_m_larActivated Carbt_n"rru,_nlent IIDE: Heavy-Duty Engiil_ FLPMA: Federal L,_nd I_ollcy ,_nd Mana_em_'nt CAO: Gener_ll Ac¢otmting CJlfi¢_ HI2C_ Heavy-Duty Ga_oIin_-P_wer_'dVe]_i¢]_ Act Gt_L_Gowrnmem I_ill oi [_din_ IIDPE: IlJgh Dei_slty I_llyefl_elene FLSA: Fair Labor Standards Act GC: C;,_sC_lrt_n_ato_r_p]l HDT: [ le,_v_'-D_lyt Truck FM: Friable htat_rial CCt Cen_ral Co_tnsd HDV_ I le,_vy-12utyVehicl_ _Mt Food to Microorganism I_atJo GCgMS_C;a:_Chromatogr,iph/Mass $],ucto_rnph _IEAL_ l_unl_n l_xposureAssessment Ll_c_ti_n FMCt Federal M_r[tim_ Commission CCWR: Gross CornbIn,_Uon Weight Rating _ECC: I_ot_suEnergy atld Cl_mmerc_,Committee FMFIA: Federal _Ianagers Fin0n_in]lnteE_rityAct CEA: G3o_saryof F.[_AAcronyms HEI: Itealtll Effects Institut_ FML_ Flexible Membrane I.in_'r GI_I: G_ographi¢ Enfi_rcenl_nt IilJtiaflw HEM_ Hum,_n Exposur_ _Iodulin,_ I_MO: FInanci_l Management Off[cur GEM$_ Globnl F.nvironrnent,_3Nlonik_rln_ System _1£1':I IJsp_ni_:Employment I_rogr,_m FMP: Facility M,_i_a.qememPlan GE_S_ Graphical Expasur_ NlodelJng S)'stem IIEllA: Hi,h-Efficiency I_,_rLict_lnAtuir FMP_ I:lnanc_atM,_n_E;_mentl_lan (OT$) I]EI_L: I I_'_lth I_ffect_ I_es_archLaboratory FMS: Financial/_t,_na_ument _ystem CEP_Cood F.nfi_neerin_I,_ractice HEllS: Hyperion Energy 1_ucoverySystem I_MVCP_ l:edur,_lMotor "/e hJc]_Control Pr(,_r,_m GF: Gen_ra] Files I_EX.IJC.EI_I lexachloron_Ibt_rn,adi_ne I:OE: Friends of th_ Earth CFF_Glass Fiber Filter H_11_:l Iuman I Ie_lth and Ih_ En_,ironmutlt I_OIA: Freedom of Inform_Uon A_t GFP_Gowrnln_'nt-Furn[shed I_roperty Ill-IS: De_,_rtnl_nt of I lehighand I lu manS_'rv[c_s. FOISD_ Fiber O,at[e I,so3_t_dSl_h_dcaiDipt_l/m- CI: G,_troint_sfina[ Formerly _IF.W tunna CICS_ Cr_nt Inform,_t[on ,rod C_,rltrlll Systen_ IIIIV: Ilimber I leat[nE_V_lue FONSI_ FhldJn_ of No Si_llificant Impact (NEPA) GIS_GeoE_raphicInfflrm_tiun _y_tenl_ ltl: II_iz,_rd Index • t FORAST_ Forest I_espont_ to Amhropugunic CIS_Global [nduxJt_gSyst_l_l ItI-VOL: Iligh.Vohlm_ S_mpler _tress CLC_C,_s L.Iqtlid Chr.malogr,_ph_,, HI'_VAY: AI.ineSour¢_ _,lodelfor G,_s_'ousl_c_ll"ut FORTftAN: Formula Translation CLERL_ Cruat L.ak_ Et_vironm_nta] I_e_e,lrch ,_ts FI_:Fine Parttcul_tu Laboratory IILRW_ I ligh-Leve] I_adl0acfiveWasle FPA: Fedura] Pust[¢ido Act CLNPO: Great Laku_ National Prober,tinC_lfice HMIS: Itaz,_rdt_us_lat_ri_[sInfarmaUt_n System I:PC_Federal Power Commission CLI'_ Good L._borat_ry Practice_ HMS: I_ighw_y _Iobil_ S_lr¢*_ FPD_ F],_me Phc_tom_tHcDu't_ctor GLWQA_ Great L,_ku__¥,_turQt_,_]ity A_ruen_ent IIMTA: _h_z,r_dou_ _l,_lerialsTransport,_fiun Act FPEIS: Fine Parttcul_tu ffmJss[ons Information CMCC_ C;[ob,_lMonff_rin_ _'_rC[hnaU¢ Ch,_l_ge _I_,tTR: ltazardous M_teri,_l_ "l'r_n_pl_rt,_t[on System E/ml_Grams p_r mJl_ Re,_ulations FPM_ Fed_r,_l Por_onnel Manllal GMT_ Creenwich tde,_n"l'im_ _10: He,_dcluar_t,rs Olfi¢_s FPI_ Fudural [_roctlrenlent I_e,_ul,_d_n CNI': Gross N_t[nnnl I'roducl _lOC: H,_lo,_enatedOrg_ii[¢ Carbons I_I_RS_Federal l_rogram Resatlrces Stnturn_,nt GOCM: Coals, Obiecfiws, Conlmitment_, _lnd _ON: l lazardous Organic NlffSI IAI FPItSI Farrn_l Ptannin_ and Slipportin_ S_,stem _te,_ures IIOV_ 1l[sh-C_ccupan_, Vehid_ FI(: Fed_r_LIR_gi_tur GOCO_ Goverment.C)wned/C_nlract_lr.Oper,_tu_l _IP_[ Ior._ ['_v_r Fl_,_F[n,_l Rulemaking GOGO: Caverment-C)wn_,dlGt_wrmllent- IIPLC_ lli_h Per_ormano.'LJtlttid Chromat_ra- FRA_ Federal R_ister Act Opernted phy I:RI_: Federal R_rvu Board GOP_ Gunural Operafln_ I_r_dtlrus ] II_V_ I ligh I'rk_rity Vit,l_t_'r FI_C_Feder,_l R_._cordC_ _nter GOPO: Govermunt-Owned/PrJva(ely.Dper,_tud ]IQ: Ile,_d_lu_rturs FI_DS_ F_d_ral Reporting D_t,_System CPAD_ Gnllon_ per a_r_ p_r day IIQCDO: I.Iea_[qu_rtersC,_s_DevelopItl_'nt OIfi- FItEDS: Flexible Regional I_misslnnsData System GPG_Grams p_r Calton _r FI_,F.$:Forest R_nge I_nv[ronnlenlal Study CPO_Government Prinfin_ O[fice I_RC: I'hml,an ]_0s_urcesC_l_ncil FRM_ Federal Referuncu MeUiods GPR_Cr_und-[_enetratin_ I_,_Ltr_ I II_S_ I_az,_rdous Rankinl__yst_.rn FI_N_Fin_] Rulemakin_ NoU¢_ GPS: Grotmd-Water Pr_tecfit_n Str,ltegy III_UP_ It[gh Ri_k Urban ]_r0b]em FI_.S:Form_[ I_porfln_ System CRGL: Cround-Wat_r Residue' GL_idatlce[.e_'el lISI21_: I-I,_rdatls Sub_nc_ D_ta E_,_s_ FRT[II: Fuderal l_etirem_nt Thrift Inwstrn_nt GS: G*_neral Schedul_ IISLI _laz,_rdousSubstanceI.ist Board C_At Genera[ _rvices Admk_istrafi_n HSWA: Hazardou_ and _0tid Waste _,llwnd- FS_ Feasibility Study GTN_ Global Trend Network ments: FS: Forest S,_rvice GTR_ C;ov_mm_nt Tr,_nsportati_n I_equest I IT: llyeothemla]]y Truated F$A_ Food Security Act CVl_ Gasolinu V,_pur Pr_ssL_re _ITP_ I hgh "l'_mperatur_ andPressur_ FSS: Facility $tatLts Sheet GVW: Cross Vehicle Weight HIJD_ Dep,_rtment of l_olLstn_ ,_nd Urb,_n De- F$_ Federal Supply Sdl_dul_ CVWR: Cross Vehlclo Weight I_atin,6 wlopment FT: Ftll[ Time GW_ Ground Water IIVAC: l_l_,afinfi,VenUl,_ti_n,and Air C_mdititln- FTC_ Federal Tr,_de Commission CW_,I: Ground-Water _Jonitofin_ Ing (System) FTE: Full Time Equivalent CWPS_ Ground-Watur Protection Stand,lrd IIVIO_ I ligll Voltlme Industrial Organics FrP: [:udur,_l"l'e_tProcedure (for motor vul_icles) GWPS: C;round.W_ter I_rc_tucfionStrategy HW_ _laz,_rdou_Wasle FfS_ Fedur_l TuIe_omrnl_nJcafionsSystem E_I'S:FJI_ Transfer Survice flWDMS_ Ilazar(lolls '_',_sl_,/_la Man,_,,rn_,nt System (OSWERI FFTUTA_: FuFuell.lTiUm_e AcTetmpor,_ry tIWEI_L_ I-Iazardous W,_sl_En_ineerin_ Iles_,arch Laboratory

23 HWGTF: Itazardous'Waste Ground Water "r.lsk IPP: Implemenlation Planning Pr_sram LDCItS: Leacllatu I)eluctit_ll, C(itluctit_n, at_d Ire- Farce IPP_ Integrated P]ot_inS Pack_Se mL_val_y:;t_rll HWGTF: Hazardou_ Waste Ground _v,_t_r "l',:sl II_P: Interrnt_diaPriority Pollutant (du¢_tm,_t_t) LDD: I_J_ht-D_It),DiL::_L'I FaciSty • IPCS_InternaSon_l Pmsrarn un Cilemical _alt:ty LDII_ I.al_lrall_ry D,l_allllugrJty I_rt_r,lnl HWLT: H_z_rdous Wast_ Land Tr_alrnen_ I1_:Infrared LDli: [.alld 12i:_ptls,_Jlt_lricSc_n:_ HWM; Hazardou_ Waste _-,tanasm_n_ IRG_ lnter,_gencyReview Group LDRTF: L,_rld Di_;posalItu_tricril_rl_ Ta_k I_rc_ HWRTF: H._zardous Waste Re_rJcrion_ Ta_ IRIS: I_truc_Smal ge_ourcc_,s_nformationSystem LDS: I._aS D_'t_'ctil_rSl ySlL'rll Force IRIS; In_esrat_dRi_k Information System LDT: [_isht-DLity Trllck HW'TC; H,_zardo_t_Waste:T_c'_tmentC_u_cil IRM: Inl_rmedlal_ Remedial M_ures(CERCLA) LDV: l.l_l_-DLlly Vehicle II_JvlC: Int_r-ResulaLory Risk _la nag_nl,_ntCoun- LEL: Ll_vur I_x_]o_i:,eI_in_il I cil LEP: I._lbllratory w LI*ll_ll_ 'rusranl IA: Int_ras_ncy ASre_:_munt IRP; Instal]atioll Re_t_raLion P_osr_m LEPC: Lo¢,_]Enl,:rs_ncy I_J,_llninsCL_nln_itle_ |AAC: Int_ras_ncy A_;essn_nt /_d'.,is_lrv Com. ZRPTC: InL_rnaSon_lSesistur _]fI_Ler_tiall_' 1"o_.i¢ LEI_C: [.L_ca_I!nlers,.'nc)' Ituspon_ ColiinlitLet' • ;llit_ee " C_l_lnJca]_ ILFL:I_c_ver Flammability Limit |AEA: International AIL_InJcEnL'rS_'As_ncy IRli: In_Jt_l_euI I_u_surcu [_uc_very LIDAli: Light DL'IectS_nand I,langinS lAG: lnt_'ra,_ncy Agr,:em_n_ ISS: In_ernal S_vun_t_5_r:'ic_ LIFO; I_t InS;trot Out KAP;Incunti'. Award_ [_r_,_ranl I_tS; Int_rn,ltional [_ef_'rr,_Sl yslenls LIMII: [.inlu_l_lo-lrlit, cti_n , _,ILIIti.StaSeI_lr_l_r lAP: Indoor Air P_lution ZS:Inturin__alLJs LLRW: L_v l.c'v,_ [tadiuacrive Wa_t_: IA_C; International A_,_ncF f,_r light, arch c_n ISAM: Indexed S_¢_uuntialFil_ A¢¢_ _[_:t]l_d LMFBR: Liquid h,fet,_lFast IIru,:d_r I_eachlr Cancer |SC: Industrial Source Comp]_ LMli: I_b_r _.fanas_nl_n_1_elatJ_]ll_ IA_DU: Zn_erirnAir Toxi¢_ Dala Sas_ ISCL; lnt_dm Status C_mpSancu L_tler LNEP_ Lo_v Noise t]nS_,i_r_l'rodL_¢t |DA: Indtt_td._lBJotechnologyA_ociari_n ISCLT; Industrial Source Cc.nlpS:x L_nS Turl_ LNG: LJL|Lllfi_dNaLLiralGa_ 3BRD: International Bank for I_construcSon ,_nd _lod_l LOAFL: l._we_,t Observed Adver_ Sfk'¢t L_:,ul Developm,mL ISCST: Indu:iIrial Sourc_ Complex SS_rt Ter_l LOG; I_ibr_ry_f C_nsr,_ |CAlli: In_disciplinary PlanninS arid In_orrn,_. _'.|odel LOE: Le'.'_l _lfL_ff_r_ ion R_se_rch ISD: Intl.*rimStimuli Documen_ (RCIL._) LOEL; I.o_vu_;LO_rv_d Eff,.'ct I.uwl |CAP; InductiveLy Couph_d Ar_on Plasma tS£: Ion-_p_cilic electrode LOIS: 1_o_sof In_,_rimSl._l_l_ (S[)_A) |CDN: Inlemational Commission on the Biological |SMAP: Indirect Source Mode3 for _,ir Pollution LONGZ: l.orls-Ter m"rerr_in _IL_d,:l Effect5 of Noise ISS: Int_rim SLa_u_Sti andards LOQ: Level nf Quantit,ltJ_n |CC: Znlt_r_l_teCommerc_ Commission |TC: Inter_sency Tes_ins Cornmi_lee LII: L_:gi_l_Liv_I_r_po_.al ICE: |ridu_rial Combustion Emission_Model |TC: Intern,_tiunalTrade Commission LING;LiqLli_iedI_elr_leL_nG__ s ICE: Jnt_rnalCombustion Engin_ |TDP; I_ndividua]Tr,_i_in,__ncl D_velopmen_Plan LSI: I.usal SuF_l_rt IEl_pectioE1(CWA) |CP; Inductiwly Cou ],_dPlasma ITP: Individual Training Plan LSL: I.L_nip Sum L_ave ICR: l_formation Col_e_LJ_nRequest |WC; In-$_reamWaste Conc,_ntr._tion(CWA) LST; L_l..,-Sc_lwnl Tt:chnolc_y |C_I_: lgnSalSSty, Corro_tvity. It_acrivSy, Extrac- IWS; Ionlzin S Wet S,-'rubb_r LTA: Lc,_d Tri_l Attnrn_, |ion (Ch_r._teristic_) ' LTD: Land "Frt'atm_:nlD_'m_n_t rat_lll |Clip; International Commission on Radio]ogJcal j LTO; _ndins-Tak_f| C_'cl,-' Protection LTOP: I_uas_to I_Llrcha:.e LTIi I.e,_d 'l'echnical_ _r_,t'ntatJ'-'u |CS:|CIntS_ermStenLfor lCnsS_ontroIChule j_s_mJS_caludsIetrat,-:_; _ JAPCA:_c__Lirnn al l_fAir I_llt_lil_rl Conlr_SA_;socia- LTU; L_lnri Fre_tn_t'nlUnit |C$; Intermittent Control Sysl_m (CAA) ICL: J_lbC_IEllr_II_,_nS_lase LUST: L_akinsLind,.,rsro_ndSl_lraSe'l'anl_(_)(cL_r- ICWM; [nsS_ut_for Ch,:mJcalW_t_teManasum_nt JEC: Joint I!c_n_nric C_lmn_rit_'_ runt u_as,: _mSt_ril_ "1_") ID; Inside Diameter LWCF: La_d ,_nd W_r Cl_l_s_r_,ati_lllI:tlnLl: JLC: JLl_;tlficaLiL_nfr_r I_inliled C_mp_titlL_n |DLH: lmm_diately Dangerous to Life and ],NCII; Ju_tificaS_n_c__c_nr -C_Ilq_LSive l_r_l_ur,-_ LWOP: I.ua_u _'ill_ OF_tS_nto I_Lrc_la_e: He._lth; nil|It L_VOI_: Lu_w' Wiril_Ll_ Pay IEB: International EnvJr_nm_n_Sureau JOFOC: J_ifica_iL_n f_r Other Tllan Full ,_nLI IEMP: Intesra_ed Environmental _',lanagt_rnent O,oull CL_mp_:SLi_n project JI'A; Joint I_:r_lStlin_ Asr_.en_:nt M |ES: [nstltul_ for Erlvirol_nlunta] _tudi_,_ JSD_Jack,on StrLICtur_dD_'sign

IFCAMInv:IFIitati$:0nl_dustrialfI_JdFuOC_lrIioice An,_ly_l_ Modt_l JTU:JJS_;lll,S_P:c ljackSt_l__llcnturedTUunrib_PJdrl_s_ity -'_nlnri:lS tDCAP:I'.|A _-_IAI,af n|:M_]d_S:ilar_s_ld.hnAd_'rvceI,ct'r_inramDjfn fusSint an_f IFIS : Indu_try File [nformaS_n System Chunri_,Lr_,f_r Air I_llLtti_rl II:PP; lndustri,_l Fugi_iw Proc_ I artJ_u]at_ _|AI_J_:Sla_irnLim Al_,ablu I!l_issi_n S,_te IG: In_pec_orGeneral _|AG: _l,_;la_Jil_nt i"_dvi_r_, Group |GCll Industrial G,_s GleaninS In_riutu K _'.|AI 3S: _.ill_i_t_L_ AImL_sphc,ri¢ I ii_'er I r_ I_lc IIS: lnllation_ry Impact Statement titan |J_]llLllionSttl_Jy Z_C:International IotnL Commission (on Gr_at I_'W; I¢.il_lw_t_ _',fAI_PEIt: _-.fai_tail_lng_l_rupariJ1g,aiid I_r_dLtcJ_ Lakes) K_,V||: Kill,watt Fl_t_r Execulivu _ll_rL_ Z/M: Inspection/_'v_aJntenanc_ MAPSI_|: _so_c_l_ Air I_3]LILi_I1 SimLIlatS_n IMtl,|: lnt_r_,_ctJon_|tclblock Mo_el Mod_:l KMPACT: Inle_rated Mod_lol PJurn_ and Armor° L _.|AliC; _liJi]n S ,Irld ft_'¢larnali_rl CIILLncil .oher_ in Complex Terrain _ATC; _.f_xinlum AIl_lv_ble T_xicanLCoIl¢_ntr_- IMPROVE_ [nteragenc'y i_,_onit_rinsof Protected LAA: Lt,ad As_llcy All_rn_y _i_n VisuaJ Envir_tlmen_ LAEli: I._'_t Achit,vable Ernis_S_n[lal_ r,|BDA: i'_firlority I]usines_ Duvul_pnl_nt Agt_ncy INPUFF: A G,_u_ian Puff Di_;oer_ion Modt,I LAt Lab_ra_lry Audit In_,pu_LJlsr_ _.|I_E:ivlJllort_,_I]Ll_in_:_ l_ntur _rises |NT; Intermittent LAMP; Lake: Acidificati_rl _'.1itisari_rl e_r_i_ct MCA; _'.SInLIfactLirlnS C...._ellri_ _ _ _ll¢i,i ion JO: Immediate Offict_ IF'I_RI) I_|CEF: Mixed CellLII_ E_tcr, Filler I O._A: Imm_,_iat_Office:o_he A_si_tant Admln_s- LC; Lethal Concentration _fCL: _f,l_ill_ L_ll_C_mtaminant Level I.C: LJq_ridChr_lnlaLosra_hy I_|CLG: _.laxiiIl_ul_ C_llltaninan_ Level G_al IOAU:tratorInput/Output Aiithm_'tic Unit LCL:D; I_Lowoc,__lrClJC_lnlt_la_ll loI.isicnriatt D_lt_ I_.|Cp:I_imicipat C_nipIJanc_ Plan (C_VA} IO11: Iron Ore Ben_ciation _|D: MaJ] Dr_F_

IP:IOU:Inhalablhlput/O_utP,p_urtti¢l,U__it LCRLC_.S_:;LlLu_,ach,.Cy: c_Jt_eC:_l_l,f_lunagctil_enl_nand r_enl_val_y_.t_'rn MDL:_IDA: ._Meri_felhl_d,,]_:Dn_etdi_cliarri_llir:l I.il_nliL LD; Land Disposal MIFFS; i_|SJtl_rn_I_nersy F_rL,C_tin S S_'_t_l_l IPA_ Intergov_rnm__.nta_ P_nrnels___ /_ct LD; i.Js]lt DLity _|F.i M_xinlttrl_ Ex L_L_dJndividLl_l: IPA: Inlursu'_rnm_ntal Personnel Asr_em_n_ LDS0; L_v DL_e _Vllur_ Filly I_,_c_nt _lfA_liz_,_l_ ME|i: i_f,:lhyl l_L_lyrKull_nu JPM: Inh_labI_ Pariculat_ _,l,_ur Die _|EM: M_ldal Emi_.i_n _.f_del |PM; fntegral,:d Pe_;__'._a.n_s_:mun_ LDC; I_ll_L_ll D_t_lpinS C_nvunSLin _|£NS: _fi_ion I_h:nlenLN_'_d_,S_al.-'nl_:llt _4 MEP: MultiFle ExtracBon Frncedure Mvgs; Marine Vapor Recovery System NCP: Nonconformance Fenalty: MERL: Municipal EnvironmentM Research Lab. MVTS: Molar Vehicle Tanlpering Survey NCF.: Noncompliance gepnrl (CWA) oratory MW: Mugawatl NCR: Nonconformance Re tort MESOPAC: Mesoseale Meleorological Reproves. MW: Moh2cular Weight NCRIC: NaBonM CIlenlicM esponse and In- set Program MWC: &fonicipal Wastt., Conlbustor formation Center MESOPLUME; Me_oscale "Sent Pklme'* Model MWG: Mnde] Work Group NCS: National Compliance Slrategy; MESOPUFF: Mesa,cole Puff Modal MWL: Municipal Waste Leacbate NCV; Nerve Conduction Velocity MESS: Model Evaluation Sttpport Syst,:m MYDP: Multi-Year Development Plans NCVECS: National Center for Vehicle Emissions MFBT: Major Fuel Burning InstaBagon Control and Safety ": MFC: Metal Finishing Category NCP,'Q: NationM Commission on Waler Qtlnlity ' MG|3: Milli_l', GMkms P_" D_y N NDD: Negotiation Decision Document ;* MH: Man-Vhlurs NDDN: NnBonM Dry De _osiEon Neh_ork :; MHO; Magnet ohydrodynamics: NA: National Archives NDIF.: Nnndis wrsive Inl_arod Analysis :' MIBK: Methyl Isobutyi Ketone NA: Nonattainnlent NDS: Nationa Diox n Study MIC: Methyl Isocaynate N/A: Nut Applicable NDS: National Disposal Site MICSt Management Information Capability fur N/A: Not Available NDWAC: National Drinkhlg Water Advisory Enfmcemunt NAA: Nonatiainment Areas Council MICROMOgT: A One-in-a-Migbm Chance of NAAQS; NationalAmblent Air Q_mlity Standards NEA: Natiunal Energy Act Death from an Bnvironmental Itazard Program ICAA) NEDA: National Environmental Devetopnlent MIPS: Millions of Instructions Per Second NAAS: NMional Air Audd System {OAEI Associatkm MIS: Management Information System NACA: NaBonal Asdcultural Chemic,lls A_ucia- NEDS: National Emissions Data System MIS: MInerM Industry Surveys don NEEC: National Environmental Enforcement MITS: Ma nagenlent in formation Tracklng Syst t'nt NADg: Naglmal Alnlosphedc Data Yank Counci_ _NAAG) MLt Meleorologp L_boratory; NADP: National Atmospheric Depu_ition Pro- NEEJ: National Environmental Enforcement Jour- ML: Military Leave gram hal (NAAG) MLAP: Migrant Legal Action Program NAIS: Neutral Administrative Inspection NBIC: National Enforcement investigations Cen- MLSS: Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids System: ter MLVSS; Mixed Liquor Volatile SuSFended Solids NALD: Ntmattainment Areas Lacking Demon- NEP; National Energy Plan MMSI Minerals Management Service (DOI) st rations NEP: Nagnnal Estuary Program MMT: MflEon Metric Tons NAMe: National Air Monitoring AudBs NEPA: Natlllnal Er_vironmental Pobcy Acl MeAl Memorandum of Agreement NAMS: NaSonat Air Monitoring System NER: National Emissions Report MOBILE: Mobile Source Endssion Model NANCO: National Association of Noise Contnd NEEOS; Nnrtbeast Regional Oxidant Study MOD; Miscdlaneous Obligation DoCunlent Officials NESCAUM: Northeast States for Coordgmted Air MOD: Modification NABAP: National Acid PrecipilaEon Assessment Use Management MOt: Memorandum of Intent Program NESIIAPS: Natbmal Emissions Standards |or MOS: Margin of Safety NAPBN: NaBonal Air PoBution gackgrtlund Net- Ilazardous Air Pollutants (CAA) MOU= Memorandum of Understanding work METe: National Bmergency Training Center MP; Melting Point NAPETAO National Air Pulbltion Control Tech- NETTING: I!mi*ision Trading Used to Avoid pSD/ MPO: Metropogtan PJannin S Orsaniz_ltion nical Advisory Conlndttee NSR Permit Review Rut uirements i'! MPP: Merit Promotion Plan NAR: Nagonal Asbestos Begistry NFAN: Natbma F[ let Ann )'s s Network MPRSA: Marine Protection, Research anti Sane- NARA: National Air Resources Act MITE= Nagonal Federation of Pederal Empb)yees tuafles Act NARA: National Arcbives and Becurds Adminis- NFIP; National Flood hlsnrance Program MPTDS_ MFTER Model witll Deposition and Sol- traBnn NFWF: National Fish and WildSfe Foundation fling of Pollutants NARS: National Asbestos.Ctmtractor Registry NGA: Natural Gas Association MPTgR: Multiple Point Source Model wgll Ter- System NGPA: Natural Gas Policy Act rai_ NAS: National Academy of Sciences NGWIC: Nagollal Grtmnd Water Blfornlatton MRA: Minimum Retirement Age NAS: Nalional Audubon Snciety Center MRP; MulB-RoSer press (in sludge drying mr|t) NASA: Natgmal Aeronautics and SFace Adndnis- NIIANES: National HeaBh and Nutrition Ex- MS: Mall Stop trot|on andnation Stud F MS: Mass Spo:tronletry NATICH: National Air Taxies htfornlatiun Clear- NHPA: NaBonal Igsmrlc Preservatim_ g,ct MSA= Management System Audits inghouse NDTSA: National Hi _hway Trafgc Safely Act MSA: Metrop_lita_ Statistical Areas NAWC_ N,_tior_MA_sociationtffWaterConlpanies NIITSA: NaBonal Hisbway ra c Sa ety Ad- MSAM: MultbKeyed Indexed Sequential File Ac. NAWDEXI National Water Data Exchange nlinistraEnn (DOT) tess Method: NBAg: Non-Binding Allocation nf Authorily NIIWP: Nortbeast Hazardous Waste Prnject MSDS, Material Safety Data Shee_ NBS: NaBonal gureau of Standards NICS: Nalkmal Institute for Cbendca[ Shldies MSEEI Major Source Enforcement Effort NCA: National Coal Association: NIEIIS: National lnstilute of Environmental MStIA: Mine Safety and Health Administration NCA: Noise Control Act ltealth Sriences (DOL) NCAC: Nagtma| C_ean Air C_alitit_n NiEh Natk_r_al Indoor Etwlrorunental (nstittlte MSIS; Model State Information System NCAF: Nalional Clean Air Pund NIIB National Institutes of I lealth MSL: Mean Sea Level NCAMP: NaBunal Co,31ition Asainst rile Misuse o f NIM: National Impact Model MSPB; Merit System ProtecEon Board Pesticides NIMBY: Not In My Backyard MTB: Materials Transportation Burean NCAQ: Natklnal Conm_blsion on Air Qualily NIOSI'h National Institute of Occupational Safety MTBB: Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether NCA g:"National Center for At mnspllerie Rusearcb and Heahb MTD: Maximum Tolerated Dose NCASb NaStmaICouncilofg_ePaperlndustryfor NlFOW_:Nago_al Interim Prim,wy Odt_kb_g MTDDIS: Mesoscale "Franspurt Diffusion and Air and _tream Improvements Water Regulalions Deposition Model for [nduslrial Sources NCC: National Climatic Center NIS: Noise Information System NITEP: National Incinerator Testing anti Ewlua. MTG) Media "['ask Grou , NCC: National Computer Center (OW) MTSMTSL: IManageMonit mariasent an'rrad c_TeebingnicaSylsteSupperm t Labura. NCNCF;|{S: NeNtwatiorkonalCaCentntreort FfoarcilIity[ealtll StatisticsINB [I N LfiAnnP:PNroalgramional L,abora tt_ry Audi( program

MTU:tory Mobde , Tre_atm _nt Uni't NChNCIC:NNatiationalonalCancCrimere InsIntituteformation Center NLETStoms : Nagona_ Law Enlore_met_t Teletyp_ Sy_- 1 MVA: Multivariate Analysis NCLP: Nathmal Contract Laboratory Program NLM: National Library of Medicine MVAPCA: Motor Vebide Air Pollution Control NCM: National Coal Model NLT: Not [_3terThan Act NCM: Nellie of Commencement of Mann fachtre NMC: NaSona[ Meteorological Cooler MVEL: Motor VeBi¢le Emissiuns Laborahlry (PSCA) NMFS: National Marine Fisheries Service (DEC) MVI/M: Motor Veb[cle Inspection/Maintenance Nee: Negotiated Consel_l Order NM||C: Nonmethane Bl|,droc0rbons MVICSA: _',fotor Vehicle Information and Cost NCP: NaEonal Contingency Plan (CERCLA) NMDC: NonmeBlane Organic Compound Savings Act: NCP; Non¢onlpliance PellallieS (CAA): NMP: Natinnal Municipal Policy t, N_,II_.: Nucleilr Magneli¢ Rus_mance 0 pCI/l: Pic_,:urie_ Per l.ilre NNrd: Niiti¢_ LifNiitlclllll ilJa_l¢_ I_CIOS: I_rl_c_:_sLiCiinr lnll_tl hlput/OtLtpul S_'stem NNPSI_P: N_tJ_lna N_3n-]_l Ilt SLl_trc_ I_LItit L_II CIx: "I'_ltal OxiLJallL_ PC_I: Ph_' CL_lllr_l_tMicr_lsctll_y I_rll_ralll QAS|)I: O1¢1Age _llld Siir_'ivl_f ItlsLIr_ltlCU PCO: [_rilltitl_ Ctllllrll] Offi_:_r NOA: Ne_v Obli_ati_l_ AL_t_Lirity 0(2: Obiecl Ch_'_ PCON: pL_tel_tialCcmtract_¢ NOAA: Nafl_nal O,:e_lnic _ml Atm_spheric A_t- OC1_: Of[_h_re ,_1_1Cl_asl,II Di_,pe_siLinM_lel PCP: I_enlachl_r_phetlyl mlni_trat[_ln (DOC) OCI: Or_,_M_ati_l:lal C_mflicts ¢_fh_tere_l I_CS: I_ermallunt CtlaEl_ _ Sh_tiLm NOAEL: N_ Observed A_lver_ _!lfuctLevel OCI_: O _LicalCharacler R_ader I_C_: I_ernlil C_mpliance Systenl (CWA) NOC: N_i¢_ _)f C_nlnlel_cenl_r,t OCS: Outer C_nl ilenta Shell I_CSC: PC Sile CL_rdinal_r NOD: N_li¢_ _f Deficiency (RCR/q QC_LA: Ollt_r C_mtinenl,_l Shell Land_ Act pCV: IJ_,ili'.,u Crankca:_e '_enlilali_lll NOEL: N_ C_bserved _fe,:ls Lew] OD: Or_,lni,'ation*fl DevelLI _ment PD: [_ll_i_iL_De_n cri_li_ln : : NOIISCP: N_li_ll_] Oil _n_ I I,_,'ilr_ll_ll:_ 5u_. CI ): Outs _ e ) amut_r I_1); [_l_si_i_ll_DLlcum_2nl

NON: Notice I_( N_ncc_nlplJallce ('I'S_/_) O&G: Oil and C_a_; PD _: reconstruct Lm Direct ,_:tle II_llizati_m

• J Study PDMS: I_'_,ticid_ I)_¢ument _lalla_ltlel_l _qystem [ NORA: Nali_n_l Oil Rucyclei:, A_o,.'iati_)n O1_:Operating4 Plan (OPP} NOS: Nati_n,_l Oceal_ $urve_, (NOAA) _PAC: Overall I]_'rf_rmance i_,ppraJ:_al CeT_ifica- I_DI_: I_a_tJculate Data R-ductiL_EI NOV:/q_ltlce _f ViL_l,lti_l_ ti_ln PI_: [_r_rilll_ l_l_mel_l NOV/C/D: Nolice o( Vi_l_li_n/C_l:_pliancel OPF: Official Per._nnul I_LIMer PEL: Permis_ib[_ I_×pL_sL_rel.infit Demaml CJRM:Other Red,flared Material PEL: Pers_n,_] l!xp_lsure Limit NPAA: N_ise P_flluti_m and _baL_m_'nt Act: QI_NL: O,_1_Rid,_ b.lafi_lll,fl I.,Ib_lr_l_ry PE_._I:Parti_flE_lL_ilibriL_l_M_tltilllar_:et M_del NP_A: Natilltl_ll I_1rk_ and C_ln_ervat Iiin A_sllci_l. QI_I_:O xid,_ti_n -R_d2 u ¢IJlll_I_llenti_ PEM: I_er:_l)nill[_×_l_ur_ Ml_del tiol_ QRV: Off-r_,_d V_l_ic]_ PEPE: _L__n_eLI I! eval_l P_I uti_m Epi:_L_,.te NPDES: b/atimlal P_llut _nl [_ischa r_e Elin_illa_i_m OSC: On.Scene CLl_r_till,lt_lr PESTAN: l_t icicles Ailalyfical'rr._t_Dir tSMut i_ll Syslem (CWA) Q$11A: Oc¢_pati_ln,fl S*lfety and I lealth A_t PF: PL_lency Fact_r NPII_ES: National P_sticide In_ornl_fi_l_ Relri_v_fl OSIIA_ Qcc_tpati_nal S,_(eta, _tl_l I [ealfll Adnlinis- Ill;: Protecti_m F,_ct_r System tr_ti_n (DOL) PI_T: [_rm,_nen_ FuLl 'l'ill_u NPL: N,_tt_nal I_riority Li_t (CEI,_CLA) _$M: O_'ice LifSurface b.linin_ (DOll PFTE: Permalle_t _:ul[-'['ime Equi_.,a[,2nt NP_|: N_tic_nal Pr_ranl Mall_er OSTP: @_i¢_ Lll Science _nd "l'echmfl_l_y 1_1i_:_, PItC: Principal I lat_rd_lLts C_tlstilLietlt NPN: N_ti_n,_l P,_rtic_tlat_ Netw_)rk (White I luu_e) PIIS_ (U_I [_tlblic I [ealth Sere'ice NPRM: N_tice o_ Pr_p_e_l Ilulemakln_ O$1VS: Operattl_ _ys_em/Virtu*fl ._t_lra_e Pt_SA: Public I le._lth _ervice _*_ct NP$: National p_rl_ S_r_ice OT: Over_nle _1: Preliminary II_jL_EICli_I_ NP$: NaIMnal Permit Strat_, QTA: Office of 'l'e¢l_ll_l_, Asse_,ment (US C_n- PI: Pr_ram In f_rmati_n NPS: Na_Jc_nalPesticide SLIr'.'ey (OW) _r_s_) I_IC: I_r_dLIcl_¢_fh_c_mplele C_nlbListion N|_: Nl_n-I_oit_t Sour¢_ (_Y: O_er,_finfi Year I_IC: PiLbli¢h_f_lrm*l_i_]lCellle_" NPUG: National Prime User Group (_YG: Operafin_ ¥e,_r Guid,_nce IIIGS: Pe_tici_e_ in Gr_lul_'_l_r Slr,_lel_y NKA: N,_tional Recr_ati_m Area OZIPP: Ozl_ne [_uplelh _k_t_in,_ I_acka_e PIN: P_l_curem_n t In_rmati_m b/_tice NRC: Nalic_n_ll Research CLlun_il OZIPP_I: M_Iifi_'dO._Lme I_ll_Ieth [_l_ttil_ P*l¢_- PIP: Public Inwlvem_t_t [_r_,_rall_ NKC: National Re:_pc_n_eCellter a_e PIPQLIIC: Pr_ram h_t_rati_n Project Queries NR(_: Non-I_em;able C_nt,_iner.s Used ill Inter,l¢flve C_n_m,_nd NRC: Nuclear Regulatory C_mmis:_i¢)n p I_II_.G:Public h_tere_t R_iearch _rl_ul_ NKCA: Natic_nal Re_mlrce C_)u_¢il ¢_fAmeri¢_ PILOT:Pretre,_t r_lunl Ii_l_lementation Ilevi_w '_a_. NKUC: Natural Res_lurces I_e_ense C_lul_¢il PA: l_L_licy Ailalysl F_rce NRT: N_ti_l Resp_ns_ '1_'_m PA: l_reli_linary As:_s_nlent PIS: I_ublic In f_r m,_ti_tl S _ecialisl; NRWA: NatiLl:lal R_lr,_lW,_t,_ A_s_ciaIMn: P&A: [_reci_i_wland Accuracy PITS: r_lject n _rmat _l_'rr,Lck t_y_le]ll (O I'S) NS_: t',/atI_r_L _ect_rity Cl3ull¢il: I_AA: Pri_rity _bat_men_ i_,rea._: I_LII_KA:I'_lltl_i_n Li*_bility h_ral_ce arid Ri_R NSDWII: National Se¢_ndary l)riJ_kin/4 Wilier I_ADI_F.: Particle Anal_,'si_ aim D._I_ l_ltlcti_n RetentiLu_ Act Re_ul,_tluns Pm_ram PLM: I_flari_ed L[_ht Micr_scL_!_y N_I:: N,_tional S_nil,_li_n [;_llmdafinn: PAGM: Permit Applicathlns Guid_lnce _,lan_la] PLUVUI_: Plume Visibility M_L|el NSF: N_tt_r_al Science FL_umlati_r_ PAll: P_lycycli¢ Ar_nlati¢ I lydmc._r_n PM: Pilrticulate M,itter NSO: Nonferrous $tilelt_r Order_ (CAA) PAI_O: P_n Americn I lealth Or_,_lliz_ti_n I_M: I_r_,_r_mlM,in,_er NSPS: New _lur¢_ Per_L_rnlanc_Sl,_nd,lr_.ls(CAA) PAI_ P_'rf_rmance/_udit hlspectiL_ (CW/_) I_1_10: Particuh_te MatLer (n_minally ltlmandle_) NSR_ New S_urce (Pre-c_n_tmcfl_n) Review PAIR: I_reLimJrlary Asses_menl h_fl_rm,lti_m I_L_I_ pl_llS; Particulate Matter (Imm_,_lly 15mandtess) NSTL: NalRm*fl Space '['echtl_flo_y [.,_t_L_rat_ry PAL: I_int, Ar_a, _lnd I.it_e S_rce Air QLl_lily I_MEL: P,_ci[i_:Marine Er_vlr_mment._l LabLIralL_ry NSWMA: Nati_l_al _lld Wasl_ Mann_enle_lt M_le PMIP: [_r_sidel_ial M,_,_emel_t ]nlerll I_r_/4ram A_'.ocia_ion PALDS: PAL M_l_h'l with I_e _iti_l_ and Settlin_ PMIS: IJers_nnel _,l_ll,_em_'nt Illf_rllla titan Sy_- NSW$: Nat[_n,_l Surface W_ter $llrv_y o[ Mlut,_nts tern (OAI_F.t) NTA: Ne_o_iate_l Testlnfi _l_reetllent PAN: Per_xyacelyl Nitr_lle PMN: [ r_nla_u_,_¢ture No_ificaticnl ('['SCA) NTI_ Not I_ Exceed I_APR: l_wered Air l_Ltrif_'ll_ RespiratL_r PMNF: I_renlal_llfacture NoLific,_ti_n F_rm NTIS: Na_i_l_,_l Techl_i¢_l In f_lrn_ltiol_ Servic_ PARS: I_r_cisioll alld Accuracy Repurti_ S_,_:Ill PMI_: Poll_ttant Mass R,_t_

N'FP: Is/_ti¢_r_alT_×ic_l_,_y Pr_ram IIAT: I_ernfit A_istance Team (RCI_A) _iL)nSystem (OA[_M) NTSP: Nafic_n_fl "['r,_n_p_]_tafiL_r_S,_let y I_)ard PIll1: Polybr_maled I_iphetlyl_ PMS: I_er_L_nnel b,t,_nal_mellt S_e¢ialisl NIURF: NAI_A I,Jlility Reference [;ile PBL: Pl_m_tary I_urldary L,_,,er PMS: [_ru_ram bdana_en_ent S_'_tell_ NVPP:/qati_n,_l Vehicle P_pul_lfi_n I_ll PI1LSQ: The Lead Linu 5_urce M_ldel PNA: Polynucle,_r Ar_lll_li¢ _lydroc/_rb_ll_ N*WA: b/,_ti_n,_l _'V_ler Alliance IPC_l_ers_llal Computer PO: [_rLI_¢t Of(ic_r NWF: N,_tion_l Wildlife Federalism PC: Planned C_tiitl_itmellt PO; _ur¢la_ O_der NWPA: NLl¢le*lrW_l_,te PL_Ii_ Act PC: P_iti_n C],_:_i(Jcafi_m POC: P_int L_fCc_mp_iance NWRC: NatJcmal Weather Records Center PC: Pulv,2rized C_al POC: Pm_ram Office C_l_tacl_ NW$: National _'V'e_ther Servb:u (NOAAI PC/'.', I_rlrlci _le CL_lll_t_llellt Al_*llysi:¢. I_O1_:I_finl of l_.p_tre C I: _)ly¢ _ _rm,_ ed L_hellyls I_OGO: IIrlvatuly-Owne_ilC_lvettlm_nt.Operated PC&U: I_ersllnnel Cumpells*l_il_r_ ,_nd I_ellU(il_i I_O11C:[_incipal Or_tli_ I hl,:ardl_ll_Co_sti_u_tlt PCDD: l_lflyclllllri_iLle_H)ibeJl_'l_li_)_,in I_OI: [_Llhlt_f hlter¢_pttl_n PCDF: P_llychI_rJnaled J)ibe_l_zL_fural_ POI-ICEI_;l_lh_li_ll Report I_CE_I_lluti_n C_ntr_fl I!_l_lipmenl I_OM: I_rlic_ll,lte Or_anic Maltu_" PCIE: l_resideIW:_ C_m_lcil _n hlte_rity _lt_l l_ffi- I_OM: I_L_lycyc[i¢Or_mi¢ M,_ttur

26 POTWt Publicly Owned "l'reatmunt Works R RICC; Retirement hlhlrrnatiun and Counselblg POV; Privately Owned Vehicle Center PP; Pay Period RA: ReasonableAlternative RICO: RacketL'erhlfblerlced and Cnrmpt Organi- PP: Program Plaunlng RA: Regional Administrator zatk)ns Act PPA; Pesticide Pruducurs AssoclaSon RA: Regulatory Alternatives RILES;Remedial bffornlalinnfl:easibi]ity Study PPA: Planned Program Accumplishnlenl RA: Regulalury Analysis RIM: ReRulatnry hlh, rwelalion ,Memoronduin ppb; Parts Per Si[linn RA: Remedial Acliou RIN: Regulalory Identifier NumSer. PPC: Personal I_rolectb.,u Cluthbl S RA: Resnutce Allocation RIP: RCRA hnplementatiun [>tan PPE; Personal Protective Equipinent RA: Risk Analysis P.ISC; Regulatory ]nfornlalbm Service Center PPIS: Pesticide Product blfilrmalion System RA: Risk/S*ssessnlt-'nt (OM]_) ppm; Parts Per Million RAATS_ RCRA Adnlinislrative Action l'rackin S RJE_ llemole Job Entr ' PPMAP: Power Plannin S Modeling Application Syslem RLL: Rapid ant ,arge Leakage (_ate) Procedure RAG: Radialkln Advisnry Cunnngle*.. RMCL: Recommerlded Maxbnum Culltaminant PPSP: Power Plant SiSn S Program RAC: Regional Asbestos Conrdinalur Level (this pllrase is being discontinued hi fiwnr PPT_ Permanent Part Time RAG; Respunse Action Coordinator uf MCLG) ppb Parts Per Trillium RACM: Reasonably Available Control Measures RMDIIS: Reginnnl Model Dala l la mllin S System pplh; Parts Per Tbousand RACT; Reasonably Av,lilableCunlrol Technology RMIS: Resources Manasement Infurnlalion Sys- PR: Preliminary Review RAD: RadiaSon Adsorbed Dose (unit n[ measure- tent PRI Procuremenl Requesl ment o( radiation adsnrbed by humaus) RMO_ Records hblnasemeul Officer PRA: Paperwork ReducSun Act RADM: Sandnnl Walk Adveclinn and Dispt.rsk_n RMP: Revohtthn_s Per Mhlute PRA: Planned Regulatory AcSon Model RNA: Ribnnuclei¢ Acid PRM: Prevention lleferencu Manuals RADM: Reghmal Acid Deposition Model Re: Regional Office PRP; Potentially Responsible Party (CERCLA) RAM; Uri_anAirQualityModdtorPointand Area ROADCHEM; Rt_adway Version that Includes PS: Point Source Source bl EPA UNAMAP Series Chemical Reactions of IlL NO:, and 03 PSAM: Point Source Ambient Monitoring RAMP: Rural Abandoned hRne Program ROADWAY: A Model Io Predict Polluhult Cun- PSD: Prevention of Significant Deterioration RAMS: Regional Air Munituring System centrations Near a Roadway PSE; Program Subelement RAP: Radon Aclinn Program ROC: Record of Cumnnmication PSES: Pretreatment Standards for Existing RAP; Remedial Accum dislunenl Phrn ROD: Record of Decision {CI!RCLA) Sources RAP: Response Action Plan ROG: Reactive O_sanic Gases PSh Pollutant Standards Index RAPS; Regional Air Pollution Stud), ROLLSACK; A Pro _ortiunal Reduction Model PSI; Pounds Per Square lncll (Pressure) RARG: Resulalory Analysis Review Croup ROM: leg una Oxk ant _. m e PSh Pressure Per Square Inch IIAS_ Routine Analytical Service ROMCOE; Rocky Mnunlain Center on Ihe En- PSIG: Pressure Per Square Inch Cause RAT: Relalri'e Accuracy Tesl virounlent PSM; Point Source Monitorin S RII: lied gurder ROP: Regional Oversight Pogcy PSNS: Prelrealment Standards for New Snurces REC; Red Elood Cells ROPA: Record of Prtrcurelnent Action PSP_ Payroll Savings Plan RC: Regional Counsel lIP: Respirable ParEculates PSS: Personnel Staffing Specialist RC: Responsibility Center RP: Responsible Party PSTN: Pesticide Safety 1'earnNelwurk RCC: Radiation Cut3rdinating Cuuncil RPAR: Rehuttabk, Presumption Against Eesistra- PT:Part Time RCDO: Regional Case Develnpment Officer Sun (FIFKA) PTDIS: Single Stack Meteorological Modelln EPA RCP; Research Centers Program Rl*hi: Reactive Pltune Model UNAMAP Series RCRA; Resnurce Col_servation and Recovery Act RPM: Ren_edia[ Project Manager (CERCLA) lrPE: Potential to Emit RCIHS: Resource Conservation and Recovery In- RPM: Revnhltiuns Per Mhlulu PTEE: Polyletrafluoroelhylene (Teflon) formation System RPO: Regional Planning Officer PTMAX:" Single Stack Meteorlogica[ Modal in EPA liD; Remedial Design (CERCLA) RPO: Regional Program Officer UNAMAP series RkD; Research and Development RQ: Reportable Quantities PTPLU: Point Source Caussian Diffusion Model liD&D: Researcll, Development and Denlonstra- RRC: Regional Response Center PUG: Public Utility Commission lion P.RT: Regiuna[ Response Team PV: Pro eel VeriScatinn RDP: Refilse-Derived Fuel RRT: Rt'quisile Remedial Teclmolosy PVC: Po yv nyl Chloride tDNA: Recombinant DNA RSCC: lie Iblnal Sanlj_le CunlrolCenter PWS: Public Water Supply RDU: Reghmal Decision Units RSKERL: Rohert S, Kerr Envirunmenla _esearcll PWS: Public Water System (SDWA) RE: Reasonable Efforts l_boratory PWSS: Public Waler Supply System (SDWA) RE: Reporlable Event RT: Regional Total PY; Prior Year REAP: Regkmal Enforcement Activities [ bin RTCM: Reasonahle Transporhllinn Cnntro[ REE: Rare Eartb Elements Measure REEP: Review el Environmental Effecls of Pollnt- RTD; Seturn to Duty ants O. REF: Refereuce RTfiCS:TDM: ReRogisughtryTerraof Tioxn icDiffElfnsieelson ofMoCIdleeml ica[ Sub. QA: Quality Assurance ITEM:Roentsen Ecuivalent, Man stances QAC: Quality Assurance Co0rdinalur REM/FiT: Relnedial/Piekl lnvestigaSon "l'eant II.TM: Regional Transplurl Model QAIQC; Quallly Assislance_Qualily Conlrul REMS: RCRA Snfurcement Manasenlent Systenl RTP: Research "Frian_le Park QAMIS_ Quality Assurance Management and In- REP; Reasnnable Sfforts Program RUth Restricte_ Use PesEcg e {FIE G'Q formation System REPS; Reginnal Enrissions Projection System RVP: Reid Va _or Pressure QAO: QttaEty Assurance Officer RESOLVE: Center for Environmental Conflict RWC: lesic ent a Week Cnnl )ust on QAPP; Quality Assurance Progrant (t*r Projec0 Resolution Plan RF; Radio Frequency qBlu: Quadrillion British Thermal Units RF; Response Faclor: S QCI Quality Gontrul RFA: Regulatory Elexihilg ' Act QCA; Quiet Comnlunities Act RFB: Ret uest furSid SA: Special Assistant QCb QuaSty Control Index RFD: Relerence Dose VahleS SA; Sunshine Acl QCP: Quiet Community Program RFi: Remedial Field Investigation 5&A: Samplins and Analysis QNCR; Quarterly Noncompliance Report RFP: Reasonable Further Programs S&A: Surveillance and Analysis , QSh Quality Step increase Rh Reconnaissance Inspection (CWA) SAIl: Science Advisory Soard (An) R[: Remedial Investigation SAC: Secretarial Advisory Soard R[A; Regulalory Impact Analysis SAC; Suspended and Cancelled Pesbckles (FI[:- RIA: Regulate Impacl Assesslnent RA) • R[C: Radon ]n_rmation Center SADAA: Science Assistant tn tbe Deputy Ad- PdC: RTP blfornlation Center ministratnr SAEWG: Slanding" Air Endssions Work Group

27 SAIC; Speckfl-Al_enls-[n-ChiLrge (NEIC) SIS= Seay In Schoo] SI'P= Sewage "l'reatnw.I ]_[anl SA[P_ Sy:_lems Acqllbifion and Impl_nlentation SITI_:SuperfLmd hlnovalive Techl_o[ogy I_va[ua- STP_ S]andard Ten1 _er,llLIreand [_ressure IIrogr_m tJltll SL[II_St,lnL ar_ Unit tl ]_ro_'e_.n_g S A_*IWG;:Standing Air Mnnitoring Work Group SL; Sick Leave SURE: Sulfate Regional I_xperlmenl [_rL_gr,llll SANE; Sulfur and Nilrogen I!mission_ SLAMSI Stale/l_ocal/_ir Monihlring Stafioll 5V; Sampling Visi_ SANSS; S_ruchtre and Nomenclalure Search 5LSM; Sire _le Line Source Model SW: Slow Wave SysLem SMCRA_ S_;r ace_fillillgCL_r_trL_I*llldI_e_l,llll_tiL_ll SWC; 5elflemL'nl Wifll Condilians SAP: Scienllfic Advisory Panel Acl: SWDA; _olid Wasle Disposal _,ct SAR; Slari Aclion ]_e_uest S_,IE: Subject _.f,_lter Expert SWIE: Southern Waste ]rlfornlati_ll Exclhlnge SAR_ StrucLura ?,cfivity I e al ons I p (o a quali- SMO; S,_nlple Managemelll Office SWMU: Solid Waste _fan_gelllenl Unit ta_ive assessment) SMSA: Standard Metropolihln St_lfislica]/srea SYSOP_ Sy_lems Operah_r SARA_ SuperflJnd Amendmenlsand Reaulh_riza- SNA: Sy_e_n Nellvo_k ArchltecluTe Lion Act of 19_6 SNAAQ_: Secondary Nal_ona[ AnlLlient ?,ir Qual- 5AROAD; Slorage and I_etri_va] I)f Aerol,ulric ity Starldards Data SNAP; Significan_ Noncompliance /_clion Pro- T 5AS; Special Analytical Service gram TA: Travel Aufllorizalion SAS; Sta_i_lica] Analysis Sy_lem SN.'S.g.L: Sllggesled No Adverse Response Level T&A: Time and _.llendance SASS; Source ?,ssessment Sampling Syslem SNC; Signfic,ul_ Noncom_llers TAL_.fS; Tunable Atomic Lille MolecLIlar _pec- 51]A; Small Business Act SNUII: Sig._ficanl New Use RLI[e(TSCA) _rosc_ ly SBA: Small []_sines_ A_[nlini_lraLi_ll_ SOC: $yntheli_ Organic Cllemi_als _[A_,_S; o× c A r/_ _nilor ng System 5BO: Small llusiness Ombud_nlan SOCMl:SynLhetic Organic Chelni_a]s Man- TAMTAC;ToxicAirMold_oringSyslemAd_'isory SC: Sierra Club ufachLring Industry Comlnillee $C: Sleeting C.mmilWe 5OP_ Sta_,Jard Operaling I_roccdLz_e TAP: Te¢iulical Asssislan_e P_ogram 5CAP_ Superfund Con_l[daled Accomplish- SO'TDAT; Source Tesl Data TAPD5: Toxic _-ir [_ollLitanl Data S_,'_lenl ment_ Plan (CERCLA) SOW: Scope of Work TAPP; Time and Allendan_e, Payroll, and Per- $CAC_ Suppor_ Careers A_ivi_o_ Commillee SPAR; S_a_us of I_ernlil t'_plical[on Report sn_neL 5CBA; SelI-Conlained Brealhing Apparatus SPCC: Spill Prevention, Conhlillmenl, and Coun- TBT; Tributyltln SCC; Source Classification Code termeasure (CWA) TC_Targel Concen_ral[on 5CFM; $1andard C_bic Feet Per Minute 5PE_ Secon_hlry Parlicu_ate Emissions TC_Technical Center SCLDF; _ierra Club Legal Defense Fund SPECS: Specificalion s TC; Toxic Concentrntion: SCQRPIO: Subject Col_len_-Orienled Retriever $1_F;S_ructured Pr_gramming Faciliiy TCDD: Dioxln (Tetrachl_lradibenzo-p-dioxin) for Processing InfoTmafi_m On-Line SPt¢ Strategic Planning Inilial[ve "I'CD[::Telrachlorodibenzofurans 5CR; Selective Ca_alylic Reduction SPLhlD; Soil-pore Liquid Moniloring Device TCE; _r tic _1 _D r o_ _ _ _y m __ n _ SCRAM; Sta_e Consolidated RCRA Authorization 5PM$: S _ecia/P_lrpo_e Morli_oring Slali.n_ TCLP: Total Cllnceiltr,lte I.e_chate ProcedurL* b_anual SPMS; St_alegi¢ __l_ning and _ anagement ._ys- TCLP: Toxicity Characterislic I.e,_cha_e Procedure SCRC_ Soperfund C_m_munily l_elatlons Coordi- lem TCM_ Transportalioll C_lnlrol _,fea_ure nator SI'OC: Singte Point of Conlact TCP; Traosporlation Con_Tol Phln 5CS; Soil C_lnservatioll Service SPS_ Stale Permi_ System TCll; Trichl_ro_lhylene SCS: 5upplemenlary Control Strategy SPSS: Statistical Package for Ihe Social _ciences TCP; TrichloTopropane 5CS; Supplementary Control 5y_lenl SI'UR: Software Package for Uniq.e Repo_ls TCRI: Toxic Chemical Release [nvenlory 5CSA; Soft Conservalion S_ciely o_ ;,mefica SQBE_ Small Quanti_y Burner E×empli_n TD: Toxic Do_e SC_P_ S_orm atld Combined Sewer Progr,lm $Q(3: Sm_ll Quanlily Generator TDS; Total Dissolved S_lids 5CW; Su_er_fifl_al Wa_er Oxidalion SRAP; $uperfund R_medial Ac¢_mp[islll_lenl TDY: T_,mporary Duly 5D_ Slan_taTd Devialion Plan 'l'l_A_,l; TolaE Exposure A_se_snlenl Model 5DBE_ Small Disadvantaged Business Enlerp_ise SRC; So[vent.[_efined Coal TEC;Tech nic._l Evaluation Committee 5DC; Syscems Decision Plan SRM; Standard Reference Melhod "rE{3:Telraethylene Glycol SDWA; S._fe Drinking Water Act SS_ Seltleable Solids TE{3D: Technical Enforcement Guidance D_cu. S&IE:Salaries and Expensse_ 55; Super_.nd Surcharge mell_ SEA: State Enforcement Ag_eemenl SSA; Sole Source/_quifer TE_,I:Texa_ Episodic Mode[ SEA; S_ate/EPA Agreement SSAC_ Soil Sile A_simulaled Cap,l_ity TE/_I_"['ransmiss[on E[eclron Microscopy SEAM: SL_rface, Environment, and Mining 5SC: S_ale Superhlnd Conlrac_s: (OSWER) TEP: Technical Evaluation [_anel SEAS; S r_teg ¢ Env _nn enta[ A_sessmen_ 5ys- SSIJ; Standards Supporl DocLmlent TES; Technical Enforcement Su_pporl lem SSEIS_ Standard $upporl and _tl _'ir_a_l_le_llaI[n_- TEXIN; Texas Intersection Air Quali_y Model SEE; Senior Environnlenla[ Employee pacl Slatemenl TFT: Tenlp.rary Full Time 5EIA_ Socioeconomic Impact Analysis SSEIS; Slaliona ry Soi_rce Emissions and [nvenL_ry TFFE; Temporary Full-Time Equivalent SEM_ Scanning Eleclron[c Microsco,oe 5yslem TGO; Tolal Cross OUll_nl SF.M: Slandard Error of Ihe Means SSI_ Size Se[eclive Inle_ TIIC; 'rota[ Hydro_arbolls 5EPWC_ Senale l_nvironmenl and Public Work_ 5SPdS_ Spark Source Mass Spe¢lrol_lel_ TIIM_ Trihalon_ethane Commi_Lee 5SN: Social 5ecurily Number TI; Temporary Intermittent S[_RC_ Slate Emergency Response Commission SSO; Source SelecLion Official TI_ 'fllera _eufic Index 5ES_ Secondar./Emissions Standard SST: _upersoni¢ "rransporl TII_L;Thecmal Internal [_ound,lry Layer SES: Sen[_r Executive Service SSURO; Slop Sale, Use and Remo_'al Order (FIF. TIC; Technical Ir_f_lrl_a_[_)rlCoordinal_)r SES: Socioeconomic S_alus RA) TIC; Ter_tafively Identified Corn lounds 5ETS_ Site Enf_r¢_'ment Tracking System STAPPA; 51ate and "['errilorial AiT [_l]]lltioI_ Pro- T _ : e¢ in ¢al nforrnat[on Man,_ger _J'_ Sl_lnd_lrd rllTm gr,_x]l_S.dmini_[r_lor_ TIP_ "['ranspllrLalitll_[nlprl)_,¢rllent I_rogr_lll _1:; Super fulld STALAPCO; S_a_eand Local Air [_ollulion Control TISE; "Fake It Somewhere Else (Solid Waste Syn- 5F._.; Spectra[ [:lame Analyzers Officials dronl_. See Nit, lilY) SFI_AS; Supurfltnd FinancialA_sessluel_t Systernl STAR: Slabilily Wind Ros_ TITC; Toxic Subslance ConLro] Ac_ Inleragency 5_Cll_EG;Stale FIFRA bsues Research and Evalua. STAR; Stale Acid R,IIn Projecls Teslin_. C_n_mitlee I[o_1Group SFFCAC: Scientific/Fechifica] Car_ers Advisory TLV: Threshold Limit Value SIIORTZ_ _ll_rt Term Turrain Mode[ Commillee TMI; "rh_ee Mile Island SIIWL: _easona] High Wa_er Level $TEL: _horI-Term Exposure Limit TNT: Trlnl_ro_oluene 51_ International System of Units STEIS,]_5_annIng Tran_ndsslon-ElecLron Microo TO; Task Order 51; Spark Ignition scopy TO; Travel Order S[C_ Standard hld_slria] Classification STN_ Scienlific and Technical Information Net- TOA; Trace Organic Analysis 51CEA_ Slee] lndL_slry C_nlpliance E×tension Act work TOC TotaI Organic Carbon 51M5; Secondary Ion-Mass Speclomelry STORET; 51orage and Retrie_'al o_ Wa_er-Related TOC: Total Organic Compolmd SIP: S_ale [mp3umenlafion Plan (CAA) Dala TOT; 'firae-o_-Travel 28 '., TOX_ Tetradichlnroxylene USGS; United Stales Geological Survey WWF: World Wildlife Puml TPCt Testing Priorities Commgtee USNItC: United Stales Nuclear Regulatory Cure- WW'FP_WasWwater Treatment Plant TPh TecbnicM Proposal Imtructinns misskm TPQ: Threshold Planning Quanlity USPIlS_ Uniled States Pubbc lleaI/Servicb e TPglgz Transportation Planning Support Informa- USP5: United Slates Pushd Service Y-Z lion Systenu UST: Underground Storage Tank • _ TffFH: Tripbenyltin hydroxide UTM: Universal Transverse Mercator: YI'I): Year to Dale TPV_ Tons Per Year UTP; Urban Transpurtatiol_ Planning: Zglh Zero Base gudgeting T-R_ Transformer-Rectifier UV: Ultraviolet ZHE: Zero ]leadspace Extracbw

;_' TRTRCDtt TeTecchnhniicacall Regeviviewew DocumCommietteent UZM: Unsaturaled Zone Monitoring ZORL:h ZerRoneo Risof khlcLevelurporaEon !_ TRh Toxic Release Inventory TRIP_ Toxic Release Inventory Program V _i TRLN_ Triangle Researdl I.[brary Network *_ TRO: Tern orary Restraining Order • ' TS: Toxic _lbstances VA: Veterans AdngnbtraEon ::" i! TEA: Technical Systems AudR VALLcentrEYatlnns: Met¢oron oElevab_gRalled ModelTerraintu Calculate Cnn- :_ TSCA: Toxic Substances Control Act VCM: Vinyl Chloride Mononler :_ TSCATS: TSCA Test Submissions Database (UPS) V£: Visual Iimissions: TgCC:ToxleSubstancesConrdinatingCommittee V £O_ Visible Emissitm Observation

ii TTSDF:S[DO:TSTech)TreatnicmalentS, uppoStortrage,Docunlentand Disposal Facility VIVHVitT;SS:TTA:VeVebiclertiVcali-sibilityHuanurd siiudzoneiml TpraiatvralmelenStpreadfromModelSullur ! TSDG: Toxic Substances Dialogue Group Transformation and Transport in tile Atmns- J TSM: Transfer[aEon System Management pl_ere TSO_ Time SEaring Option VKT: Veldcle Kilometers Traveled ii_ TSP_ Teteprocessing Services I'rogram VMT: Vehicle Miles Traveled ,t TSP: ThrRt Savhlgs Plan VOC_ Volatile Organic Compmmds ] TSP: Total Suspended Pitrgculat es VOS: Vehicle Operating Su_,ey TSS: Terminal Security System VEST: Volatile Organic Sampling Train TSS: Total Suspended (non.filterable) Solids VP: Vapor Pressure TI'FA_ Target Transformagon Factor Analysis VSD: Virluag F Safe Dose 'I'FHMt Total Tribalomethane Vgh Visual Sile Inspectlon 'YYOt Total Toxic Organics VS5: Volatile Suspended Solids TTY: Tdetypewdter TVA_ Tennessee Valley Authority TZ:TNA:TreaTtmimentWeZightoneed Authority: W WA: Work Assignnlent WADTF: Western Atmosplwric Deposition Task U Force WAP: Waste Analysis Fhln (RCRA) UAC: User Advisory Committee WB: Wet Itulb UAM: Urban Airshed Model WB: Worm Rank UAPSP_ Utility Acid Precipitation Study Program WBC: Whge Igood Cells ;i UAQ[: Uniform Air Quality Index WBE_ Women's llusilless Enterprise UARG: Utility Air Regulatory Group WCED: World Comndsskm on I:.nvinnlmenl and UCCt Ultra Clean Coal Devetopmenl UCL: Upper Control LlmR WDROP: Distribution Register of Organic Poilu[ - UDMI.E Unsymmetrical Dime[by[ Hydrazine ants In Water UEL: Upper Explosive Limit WENDIh "Water Enforcement, Natit_naI Data [lose UFL: UpperFlammabiEty Limit WERL: Water £ngineedng Researdl Laboratory UICt Underground Injection Control WG: Wage Grade _; UL: Undenvriters' Laboratories WG_ Work Group ULP: Unfair I.lbar Practices WGI: Widgn Grade [n¢rease UMTA¢ Urban Mass TransportaSon Administra- 'WHO: World Hea[dl Organizagon lion WUWT_ Water and Ilazardous Waste Team UMTRCA_ Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Con- WIC: Washblgtun hlformadon Center tro] Act WICEM; World Industr FConference on h'nviron- • ' UN: United Nations mental Management UNAMAPz Users' Newtork for AppEed Modeling ',VISE: Women In Science and Ensineerhlg ,_ of Air PolluRon WL: Warning better UNEP: United Nations Environment Program WL: Working Level (radml measurement) ;_ UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific WLA/TMDL: Waste Load AIIocatiunfl'otal Max- i and Cultural: Organization inulin Daily Load :_ UNIDO: United Nations Industrial Development WLM; Working Level Monrils: Organization WMO: World Meteorological Organization USAO: United States Attorney's Office WPCF: Water Poltugun Control l:ederaSon i i USRM: United States Bureau of Mines WRC: Water Resources Council

i:1 USC:USC; UnitedUnified SSoiltatesClaCossidefication WRDA;h WoWarmterResRoeusourcrceseIsnsEDevetutelopment Act 'i USCA: United States Code Annotated WS: Work Stahls [ USDA: United States Department of Agriculture WSl:: Water Sobd_le, Fraction USDOh United States Department of the Intedor WSRA: Wild and Scenic Rbeers Act .ti _" USDW: Underground Sources of Drinking Water WSTB: Water Sciences and "['eclltlotogy Doard [ USEPA: UnRed States Environmental Pro[co[kin WSTP: Wastewater _'wa 'o Treatment+cPlant [t uAg_,'n_nged States Forest Service WWManufacEMA:tureWrsas' te AssandOCi#astatioenwater E [uipnlent :l , 29 t ..... :i