Pesona Bangunan Tua Sebagai Daya Tarik Gedung Sultan Abdul Samad Di Kuala Lumpur

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Pesona Bangunan Tua Sebagai Daya Tarik Gedung Sultan Abdul Samad Di Kuala Lumpur Foreign Case Study 2018 Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta Pesona Bangunan Tua sebagai Daya Tarik Gedung Sultan Abdul Samad di Kuala Lumpur Nurul Alifa 152208 Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta Abstract : Makalah ini merupakan hasil laporan Foreign Case Study untuk syarat publikasi ilmiah di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta dengan judul Pesona Banguna Tua sebagai Daya Tarik Gedung Sultan Abdul Samad di Kuala Lumpur. 1. PENDAHULUAN Pariwisata merupakan salah satu sumber devisa negara selain dari sektor migas yang sangat potensial dan mempunyai andil besar dalam membangun perekonomian yang saat ini pertumbuhannya masih sangat lambat. FCS atau Foreign Case Study adalah salah satu program sekolah tinggi pariwisata yang membantu para mahasiswa nya untuk berkunjung keluar negeri. Ada beberapa cara untuk melakukan FCS yaitu dengan paket 1 negara, dan 3 negara yang meliputi Malaysia, Singapore, dan Thailand yang kedua dengan melakukan student exchange yang dilaksanakan di Malaysia dan Thailand. Dan yang terakhir dengan cara magang atau job orientation di Malaysia maupun di Jepang [1]. Manfaat dari FCS itu sendiri adalah selain pengalaman keluar negeri, sebagai mahsiswa pariwisata ketika berkunjung kesebuah wisata secara tidak sadar menganalisis bagaimana kondisi eksisting dinegara tersebut yang mungkin nanti nya akan di implementasikan di Indonesia. tentunya pengalaman wawasan yang lebih terbuka karena dengan beberapa hari atau beberapa bulan di negara tersebut mengetahui bagaimana keseharian dan budaya yang terlihat secara kasat mata. Malaysia adalah sebuah negara federasi yang terdiri dari tiga belas negara bagian dan tiga wilayah persekutuan di Asia Tenggara dengan luas 329.847 km persegi. Ibukotanya adalah Kuala Lumpur, sedangkan Putrajaya menjadi pusat pemerintahan persekutuan. Jumlah penduduk negara ini melebihi 27 juta jiwa. Negara ini dipisahkan ke dalam dua kawasan — Malaysia Barat dan Malaysia Timur — oleh Kepulauan Natuna, wilayah Indonesia di Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Malaysia berbatasan dengan Thailand, Indonesia, Singapura, Brunei, dan Filipina. Negara ini terletak di dekat khatulistiwa dan beriklim tropika. Kepala negara Malaysia adalah Yang di-Pertuan Agong dan pemerintahannya dikepalai oleh seorang Perdana Menteri. Model pemerintahan Malaysia mirip dengan sistem parlementer Westminster. Secara astronomis Malaysia terletak antara 0°52’LU – 7°22’LU dan antara 99°38’BT – 119°11’BT. Berdasarkan letaknya, wilayah Malaysia dapat dibagi atas Malaysia Barat dan Malaysia Timur. Malaysia Barat terletak di Semenanjung Malaka (semenanjung terpanjang di dunia yang merupakan kelanjutan dari daratan Asia. Adapun batas-batas wilayah Malaysia Barat adalah sebagai berikut: Sebelah Utara : Thailand Sebelah Selatan : Indonesia dan Singapura Sebelah Timur : Laut Cina Selatan dan Laut Natuna 1 Sebelah Barat : Selat Malaka dan Pulau Sumatra (Indonesia) Malaysia Barat terdiri atas 11 negara bagian yaitu Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Malaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Selangor, dan Trengganu. Sementara itu, wilayah Malaysia Timur terletak di Pulau Kalimantan. Adapun batas-batas wilayah Malaysia Timur ialah: Sebelah Utara : Laut Cina Selatan dan Brunei Darussalam. Sebelah Selatan : Kalimantan (Indonesia) Sebelah Timur : Laut Sulu dan negara Filipina Sebelah Barat : Laut Natuna dan Laut Cina Selatan. Malaysia Timur terdiri atas dua negara bagian, yaitu Sabah dan Serawak. Kedua wilayah tersebut dipisahkan oleh Laut Cina Selatan sejauh + 1.036 km. -RELIGI Kondisi Malaysia juga merupakan negara yang multikulturalistik. Ada banyak suku, agama, ras, bahasa, dan kebudayaan. Sebagaimana yang terjadi di negara lainnya, dimana ada agama yang dipeluk secara mayoritas, Malaysia pun memiliki agama yang mayoritas dipeluk oleh masyarakatnya. Bicara soal pemeluk agama mayoritas di Malaysia, Islam merupakan agama mayoritas di Negeri Jiran tersebut. Ada sekitar 60-an persen lebih penduduk Malaysia yang memeluk agama Islam. Sementara sisanya 19% memeluk Buddha, 9 % beragama Kristen, 6,3% Hindu, dan sekitar 2,6% saja yang memeluk agama Tionghoa tradisional. Sisanya memeluk agama yang lainnya, termasuk juga didalamnya aliran kepercayaan (animisme), agama rakyat, Sikh, dan keyakinan yang lainnya. Di Malaysia seorang Muslim dituntut untuk mengikuti berbagai keputusan yang dibuat oleh Mahkamah Syariah ketika berkenaan dengan keyakinan dan kewajiban sebagai seorang Muslim. Diantaranya yang diatur dalam keputusan tersebut ialah pernikahan, warisan, kemurtadan dan juga hubungan internal sesama umat Islam. Tidak ada pelanggaran pidana atau perdata dalam Mahkamah Syariah ini namun Pengadilan Sipil yang sejatinya menjadi pengadilan tertinggi di Malaysia segan untuk memimpin kasus-kasus yang melibatkam Islam didalam wilayah yang menjadi otoritas Mahkamah Syariah tersebut. Dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Malaysia memang secara teoritiknya menjamin adanya kebebasan beragama. Meski demikian, dalam praksisnya selalu saja ada deviasi yang bertentangan dengan bunyi teks konstitusi yang agung itu. Misalnya saja, ketika semua non- Muslim yang menikahi Muslim maka dituntut untuk meninggalkan agama asal mereka dan kemudian berpindah memeluk agama Islam. Selain itu, kaum non-Muslim juga tak jarang mendapat beberapa hambatan terutama sekali ketika mereka ingin melaksanakan kegiatan keagamaan mereka. - MATA PENCAHARIAN Di Malaysia, penduduknya memiliki beberapa mata pencaharian dan kegiatan ekonomi, diantaranya sebagai berikut: pertanian,merupakan mata pencaharian penduduk yang utama ,dengan hasil: a. karet merupakan komoditi ekspor terbesar di dunia tanaman karet terdapat di semenanjung Malaysia ,Sarawak dan sabah b. padi (tanaman pangan utama)daerah nya di nerara bagian kendah, Kelantan, perak. c. kelapa sawit/minyak sawit terbesar di dunia, daerah perkebunan di johor, delangor dan perak. Hasil yang lain seperti kelapa, kayu. d. pertambangan,sebagian penghasil timah terbesar di dunia,yang di hasil kan di ipoh (lembah kinta Negara bagian perak) dan sekitar kualalumpur ,sedang pengolah timah di penang.malaysia sekarang juga penghasil minyak bumi, terdapat di miri Sarawak dan lepas pantai lutong. e. industri, di pusat kan di pelitang jaya dan shah alam (semenajnujng Malaysia) f. pariwisata, objek wisata yang terkenal , misalnya :taman nasional, tampe park, museum nasional bukit nanas, Cameron highland. 2 - BAHASA Seperti layaknya di Indonesia, Malaysia mempunyai bahasa nasional yaitu bahasa melayu, namun dengan adanya suku bangsa selain melayu di Malaysia ini terdapat bahsa lain yaitu bahasa cina, inggris, dan bahasa tamil untuk suku india. Namun tidak jarang juga masyarakat melayu yang menggunakan bahasa inggris dalam kehidupan sehari-hari nya. - MAKANAN KHAS 1. Nasi Daun Pisang Makanan khas Malaysia yang pertama ini merupakan jenis kuliner hasil kombinasi resep Melayu dan India. Memang, ras India di Malaysia bisa dibilang cukup banyak sehingga tidak heran apabila kulinernya pun terpengaruh. Meskipun namanya hanya Nasi Daun Pisang Salah satu ciri khas dari makanan khas Malaysia yang satu ini memang memakai alas daun pisang, namun tidak sebatas itu saja. Daun yang dipakai biasanya adalah daun pisang yang memiliki ukuran ekstra lebar. Sedangkan menu utama yang disajikan adalah nasi ditambah siraman kuah kari khas India. 2. Nasi Lemak Makanan khas Malaysia ini adalah nasi yang ketika proses pembuatannya direndam pada santan dan baru setelah itu dikukus sampai matang. Inilah resep inti dari aromanya yang semerbak itu. Biasanya, Nasi Lemak akan dikonsumsi dengan lauk daging sapi, ayam goreng maupun tumisan dan sebagainya. Nasi lemak ini biasanya dicari para wisatawan asing karena nasi lemak menjadi makanan yang paling terkenal dari Malaysia dibandingkn dengan makanan yang lain. Tekstur dan aroma dari Nasi Lemak sebetulnya sangatlah mirip dengan Nasi Uduk di Indonesia. 3. Mee Siam Makanan Malaysia berikutnya adalah makanan bernama Mee Siam, yang oleh pemerintahan Malaysia dilabeli dengan sebutan “Trully Malaysia”. makanan ini adalah asli dari masyarakat Melayu tanpa kombinasi dari etnis-etnis pendatang. Makanan ini terdiri dari bihun yang diberi kuah santan yang amat kental. 4. Nasi Ayam Nasi Ayam yang tentu saja merupakan makanan yang di sajikan dengan dengan bahan utama nasi yang di campur dengan bawang putih, jahe, kaldu dan juga berbagai lauk seperti misalkan saja ayam kukus. Makanan nasi ayam ini merupakan salah satu makanan malaysia yang sehat, karena proses pembuatannya tidak di olah dengan cara di goreng. 5. Nasi Minyak Biasanya menu ini adalah menu andalan yang disajikan ketika orang Melayu membuat acara pesta salah satunya pesta pernikahan. Nasi minyak yang merupakan salah satu makanan khas Terengganu ini juga dimasak dengan rempah-rempah seperti kayu manis, biji buah pelaga, kuntum bunga lawang serta bunga cekih yang membuat aroma dan rasanya begitu nikmat. Umumnya nasi minyak dinikmati dengan gulai ayam atau daging sapi serta irisan acar wortel dan mentimun. 6.Laksa Makanan yang dibuat dari mie yang berwarna putih dengan tekstur yang lembut ini merupakan resep peranakan Tionghoa dan Melayu yang sering disajikan di Malaysia, Singapura serta Indonesia. Salah satu keunikan rasa Laksa Malaysia itu kuahnya terasa begitu gurih dengan perpaduan rasa asam dan pedas yang membuat rasanya begitu segar yang disajikan dengan mie putih berbentuk bulat dan sedikit lebih tebal. 7. Nasi briani Menu ini juga sebenarnya bukan asli Malaysia namun berhubung di negara ini begitu banyak kaum imigran dari berbagai negara di dunia membuat
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