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Mapping of the Energy and Environment Sector in Wales A Final Report Creating a Competitive Edge for People, Places & Organisations Contents Section Subject Page No Executive Summary i 1 Introduction 1 2 Energy & Environment Sector Definition 2 3 Energy & Environment Sector Survey Analysis 6 3.1 Introduction 6 3.2 Headline Survey Analysis 9 3.3 Sub-Sector Analysis 39 3.4 Estimating the Scale of the Sector 68 3.5 Summary SWOT Analysis 73 4 Conclusions and Recommendations 82 Appendices I Energy & Environment Mapping Study Approach I II Energy & Environment Survey Questionnaire III III Energy & Environment Sector Evidence Base XVIII IV Academic Energy & Environment Sector Specialisms XXX V Energy & Environment Sector Business Support XXXVIII 26th June 2014 Simon Hallam Innovas Consulting Ltd R1-2 Verdin Exchange, High Street Winsford Cheshire CW7 2AN Main Office: 01606-551122 Mob: 07411 371810 Website: www.innovas.co.uk E-mail: [email protected] This proposal contains financial and other information which should be regarded as ‘commercial in confidence’ by those to whom it is addressed, and which should not be disclosed to third parties unless agreed with Innovas. Until information to be released has been authorised in writing by us for release, we assert our right under Section 43 of the Freedom of Information Act for the entirety of its proposals to be considered exempt from release. Executive Summary Energy & Environment Sector Scale and Composition Wales is home to a thriving, well balanced and growing energy and environmental sector with a market value (sales turnover) of £4.76 billion employing about 58,000 people in 2,066 companies. -
Letter from the Minister for Environment
Lesley Griffiths AS/MS Gweinidog yr Amgylchedd, Ynni a Materion Gwledig Minister for Environment, Energy and Rural Affairs Mick Antoniw MS Chair of the Legislation, Justice and Constitution Committee [email protected] 18 September 2020 Dear Mick, Further to my attendance at Committee on 14 September, I agreed to provide a definitive list of the installations in Wales captured by the Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Scheme Order 2020. I also agreed to request information from Natural Resources Wales (NRW) on how it may use authorised persons to monitor compliance on its behalf and on NRW’s position regarding what would be considered reasonable prior notice, with detail of the average time used previously. A definitive list of the installations which will be captured by the Order is attached, based on the current database of Welsh installations participating in the EU Emissions Trading System. The list details whether it is a participant in the main scheme (indicated by GHG) or one of the opt-outs and the activity or activities undertaken at the installation which requires a permit under this scheme. With regards to the use of authorised persons, NRW have responded as follows: “This power provides regulators with flexibility in terms of access to and use of specialist resources. The regulator has a statutory duty to determine emissions where an operator has failed to do so and these powers enable a regulator to appoint an agent (e.g. a verifier), perhaps with specialist process knowledge, to visit premises to gather information to calculate emissions. We envisage use of this power would occur rarely and most likely in circumstances where an operator refuses to submit emissions information”. -
Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales Consultation on Way Forward to a Leaner, Greener and Cleaner Wales Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales 3
Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales consultation on way forward to a leaner, greener and cleaner Wales Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales 3 Contents Minister’s foreword Introduction 1 Purpose of consultation 2 Setting the scene Part one: Wales renewable energy resources 3 Biomass 4 Marine: tides and waves 5 Hydro-electricity 6 Waste 7 Wind: on-shore and off-shore Part two: energy conservation and distributed renewable generation objectives 8 Energy efficiency /micro-generation 9 Large-scale distributed generation(‘off-grid’) Part three: context 10 Consenting regimes 11 Grid Infrastructure developments 12 Research and development Part four: invitation to respond 13 Opportunities and contact details Part five: Summary of route map commitments Annex A: Summary of possible electricity and heat generation from renewable energy in Wales by 2025 Annex B: Existing Welsh Assembly Government targets and commitments Annex C: Indicative data on Wales’ energy demand, supply and greenhouse emissions Annex D: Future costs of renewable energy/banding of the Renewables Obligation Annex E: Data base of potential large on-shore wind power schemes in Wales Annex F: Availability of potential waste derived fuels Annex G: UK/Wales energy consumption breakdowns Annex H: Major energy developments since July 2007 © Crown Copyright 2008 CMK-22-**-*** G/596/07-08 Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales Renewable Energy Route Map for Wales 5 Ministerial Foreword We now need to look radically at the options and resources available to us and collaborate with the key energy and building sectors to support fundamental change within “The time for equivocation is over. The science is clear. -
The Proposed Takeover of Hyder Plc by Western Power Distribution Limited
THE PROPOSED TAKEOVER OF HYDER PLC BY WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION LIMITED A JOINT CONSULTATION PAPER BY THE DIRECTORS GENERAL OF OFWAT AND OFGEM PART ONE: ISSUES RAISED BY THE PROPOSED TAKEOVER PART TWO: BACKGROUND PART THREE: ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION BY DGWS PART FOUR: ISSUES FOR CONSIDERATION BY DGGEM PART ONE: ISSUES RAISED BY THE PROPOSED TAKEOVER 1. On 31 May 2000, Western Power Distribution Limited (“WPDL”) announced that it intended to make a cash offer for the entire ordinary share capital of Hyder plc (“Hyder”). A copy of WPDL’s Stock Exchange announcement is attached. Hyder is already subject to a recommended cash offer from St David Capital plc and a joint consultation paper setting out the issues arising from that offer was issued on 28 April 2000. WPDL has sought, but not received, a recommendation from Hyder’s board. It intends to continue discussions with Hyder and is actively seeking the recommendation of the Hyder board for its offer. 2. Hyder is a multi-utility company; it is the holding company of both Dwr Cymru Cyfyngedig (“Dwr Cymru”) and South Wales Electricity plc (“Swalec”), companies which are regulated by the Director General of Water Services (“DGWS”) and the Director General of Electricity Supply (“DGES”) respectively. This joint consultation paper discusses the regulatory issues raised by the WPDL offer and seeks the views of interested parties. 3. Hyder is believed to be the largest private sector employer in Wales. In 1996 Hyder purchased Swalec. This was followed by a more recent sale of the electricity retail supply business of Swalec to British Energy. -
The Energy Challenge Energy Review Report 2006 Department of Trade and Industry
The Energy Challenge ENERGY REVIEW A Report JULY 2006 The Energy Challenge Energy Review Report 2006 Department of Trade and Industry Presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry By Command of Her Majesty July 2006 Cm 6887 £22.00 © Crown copyright 2006 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and departmental logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Any enquiries relating to the copyright in this document should be addressed to The Licensing Division, HMSO, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich, NR3 1BQ. Fax: 01603 723000 or e-mail: [email protected] Contents Foreword by the Rt Hon. Tony Blair MP 4 Preface by the Rt Hon. Alistair Darling MP 8 Introduction 10 Executive Summary 12 Chapter 1: Valuing Carbon 27 Chapter 2: Saving Energy 36 Chapter 3: Distributed Energy 61 Chapter 4: Oil, Gas and Coal 77 • International Energy Security 78 • Oil and Gas 83 • Coal 84 • Energy Imports 86 Chapter 5: Electricity Generation 92 • Renewables 98 • Cleaner Coal and Carbon Capture and Storage 107 • Nuclear 113 Chapter 6: Transport 126 Chapter 7: Planning for Large-scale Energy Infrastructure 134 Chapter 8: Meeting Our Goals 149 Chapter 9: Implementation 156 Annexes 161 3 Foreword by the Rt Hon. Tony Blair MP A clean, secure and sufficient supply of energy is simply essential for the future of our country. -
SPALDING ENERGY EXPANSION CARBON CAPTURE READINESS FEASIBILITY STUDY March 2009
SPALDING ENERGY EXPANSION LTD SPALDING ENERGY EXPANSION CARBON CAPTURE READINESS FEASIBILITY STUDY March 2009 Prepared by Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd Spalding Energy Expansion Limited Amber Court 81 George Street William Armstrong Drive 3rd Floor Newcastle upon Tyne Edinburgh NE4 7YQ EH2 3ES UK Parsons Brinckerhoff Contents Page i of ii CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1 2. APPROACH 2 3. LEGAL STATUS 3 3.1 Current arrangement 3 4. POWER PLANT 5 4.1 Sizing of CCS chain 5 5. CAPTURE PLANT TECHNOLOGY 7 6. STORAGE 10 6.1 Potential storage sites 10 6.2 Competing industrial factors 11 6.3 SEE project specific storage solutions 12 6.4 Potential future schemes 12 7. TRANSPORT 13 7.1 Additional CO2 sources 13 7.2 CO2 transportation by pipeline 14 7.2.1 Established technology 15 7.2.2 Risks 15 7.2.3 Legal and regulatory framework 15 7.2.4 Pipeline transport of CO2 from the SEE project 15 7.3 CO2 transportation by road 16 7.4 CO2 transportation by rail 17 7.5 Shipping 18 7.6 Compression 19 7.7 Liquefaction 19 8. INTEGRATION 20 8.1 Steam 20 8.2 Electricity 21 8.3 Space 22 8.4 Cooling 22 8.5 Summary 24 Document No. PBP/INT/SH/000003 SEE CCR FEASIBILITY REPORT.DOC/S3/2/K Parsons Brinckerhoff Contents Page ii Page 9. RETROFITTING CCS 25 9.1 Options for producing steam 25 9.1.1 Option 1 – LP steam turbine extraction 25 9.1.2 Option 2 – HP and/or IP steam turbine exhaust extraction 25 9.1.3 Option 3 – HRSG extraction 26 9.1.4 Option 4 – External steam supply 26 9.2 EA checklist for coal plant 26 9.2.1 Main requirements for CCGT plant 26 10. -
THE FUTURE of GB ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Security, Cost and Emissions in a Net-Zero System Colin Gibson and Capell Aris
THE FUTURE OF GB ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Security, Cost and Emissions in a Net-zero System Colin Gibson and Capell Aris The Global Warming Policy Foundation GWPF Technical paper 4 THE FUTURE OF GB ELECTRICITY SUPPLY Security, Cost and Emissions in a Net-zero System Colin Gibson and Capell Aris © Copyright 2020 The Global Warming Policy Foundation Contents About the authors vi Summary for policymakers vii 1 Introduction 1 2 Energy flows in the Future Energy Scenarios 1 2.1 Results for the Community Renewables scenario 3 2.2 Results for the Two Degrees scenario 6 2.3 Energy spilt 8 3 Loss of load probability or risk analysis for the scenarios 8 4 Costing the scenarios 9 5 Ancillary grid services: the system operability framework, and grid inertia 12 6 Geographic configuration of the generation grid; decentralisation versus centralisation 15 7 Conclusions 19 Appendix A: Analysis of generation and demand flows 23 Appendix B: Loss of load probability calculations 30 Appendix C: Costing method 33 Appendix D: Development of the Gas and Nuclear scenarios 37 Notes 39 About the authors Colin Gibson Colin Gibson was Power Network Director at National Grid from 1993 to 1997, having held various senior positions in generation operation, transmission design, and system planning and operation from 1965 to date. Capell Aris Dr Capell Aris worked in the electricity supply industry, first as reactor physics specialist at Wylfa nuclear power station and then at Dinorwig and Ffestiniog pumped storage stations, in the control and instrumentation section and later with additional responsibility for infor- mation technology systems. -
THE CASE AGAINST WINDFARMS Country Guardian Has Been Researching the Impact of Windfarms on the Environment Since Its Formation in 1992
1 THE CASE AGAINST WINDFARMS Country Guardian has been researching the impact of windfarms on the environment since its formation in 1992. Its research document "The Case Against Windfarms" is detailed and runs to about 20 A4 pages. Most recently updated in May 2000 it is printed below, preceded by a statement of Country Guardian's Policy on Windfarms. You can use the Index on the left to go straight to a specific section, or read it straight through, or download it A. THE CASE FOR WIND "FARMS" EXAMINED B. THE SCALE OF DEVELOPMENT REQUIRED C. THE PROBLEM OF INTERMITTENCY D. LANDSCAPE QUALITY OF WIND "FARM" SITES E. BEAUTIES OR BEASTS? F. WIND TURBINES OFFSHORE? G. THE NOISE FACTOR H. TELEVISION INTERFERENCE I. WIDER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES J. SAFETY K. TOURISM, JOBS, HOUSE PRICES L. THE EFFECT ON BIRDS M. PUBLIC OPINION N. WHY THE NEW PHENOMENON OF WINDFARMS? O. GOVERNMENT POLICY P. EUROPEAN UNION POLICY Q. KYOTO R. WIND 'FARMS' AND THE PLANNING SYSTEM S. THE FUTILITY OF SUPPLY-SIDE SOLUTIONS T. HOW CAN ELECTRICITY NEEDS BE MET? U. THE VALUE OF LANDSCAPE V. CONCLUSION Country Guardian's Policy on Windfarms Country Guardian believes that the development of commercial wind power that has taken place with government support since 1990 is misguided, ineffective and neither environmentally nor socially benign. We accept that wind energy has a role and that the countryside has always changed and will always change but we argue that the environmental and social cost of the development of commercial wind energy is quite out of proportion to any benefit in the form of reduced emissions. -
Route Utilisation Strategy November 2008 Foreword
Wales Route Utilisation Strategy November 2008 2 Foreword I am delighted to present Network Rail’s Route Principally this is in south Wales, where capacity Utilisation Strategy (RUS) for Wales. This use is at its highest. This is a result of a growth covers the entire rail network in Wales, as well in the number of trains serving Cardiff and the as some parts of the network in the English building of a number of new stations. On this border counties. part of the network, in the most populous part of the country, the RUS builds on the successful This network is extensive and diverse. past introduction of more services and the There are main line links from Wales into selective growth of the network. England, a long-distance line along the border connecting north and south Wales, a busy A major programme to renew signalling urban passenger network serving Cardiff, and equipment in the Newport and Cardiff areas branches traversing sparsely populated rural will take place in the next five to seven years, areas. Some parts of the network are subject and much of the work described in this to fluctuating demand according to the time of strategy to enhance the network is planned year, most notably on the Cambrian Coast and in conjunction with this signalling work to in the Conwy Valley. increase cost-effectiveness. The High Level Output Specification (HLOS), published in The context in which this RUS has been July 2007, contained a specific requirement to produced, as has often been the case with increase seating capacity into Cardiff during other RUSs, is one of growing demand for the morning peak. -
(Lcp) with Long Development and Learning Cycles
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2010 Optimized Market Introduction Of Large Capital Products (lcp) With Long Development And Learning Cycles Antje Lembcke University of Central Florida Part of the Engineering Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Doctoral Dissertation (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Lembcke, Antje, "Optimized Market Introduction Of Large Capital Products (lcp) With Long Development And Learning Cycles" (2010). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 1629. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/1629 OPTIMIZED MARKET INTRODUCTION OF LARGE CAPITAL PRODUCTS (LCP) WITH LONG DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING CYCLES by ANTJE LEMBCKE Dipl. Ing. (FH) University for Applied Science Weihenstephan, Germany, 1998 MBA University of Central Florida, 2004 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems in the College of Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Fall Term 2010 Major Professor: Linda Malone © 2010 Antje Lembcke ii ABSTRACT Any product sold is expected to be reliable and available when the customer wants to operate it. Companies that produce large capital products (LCP), such as rockets, satellites, or large gas turbines to generate electrical energy, tend to shy away from extending their testing and validation method above the requirements by law, mainly due to the very high costs of each additional test and the uncertain return on investment. -
WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (SOUTH WALES) Plc ANNUAL
Registered Number: 2366985 WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (SOUTH WALES) plc ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For the year ended 31 March 2020 Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc Contents Page Strategic report 1 Corporate governance statement 28 Section 172 statement 36 Director's report 41 Directors' responsibilities statement 47 Independent auditor's report to the members of Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc 48 Financial statements: Profit and loss account 57 Statement of comprehensive income 58 Statement of changes in equity 59 Balance sheet 60 Statement of cash flows 61 Notes to the financial statements 62 Strategic report For the year ended 31 March 2020 The directors present their annual report and the audited financial statements of Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc (the "Company" or "WPD South Wales"), company number 2366985, for the year ended 31 March 2020. Ownership WPD South Wales is owned by Western Power Distribution plc, which is a public limited company owned by one shareholder, PPL Corporation. PPL Corporation is an electricity utility based in Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Business model WPD South Wales is an electricity Distribution Network Operator ("DNO"), delivering electricity to approximately 1.1 million (2019: 1.1 million) customers over an area of 11,800 square kilometres in South Wales and employing over 1,000 (2019: 1,000) staff. The 1.1 million customers are registered with licensed electricity suppliers, who in turn pay WPD South Wales for distributing electricity across its network. Our costs are regulated and based on the Office of Gas and Electricity Markets Authority's ("Ofgem's") estimates, the average GB customer in 2019/20 will pay £90 per year in real 2018/19 price terms for electricity distribution costs. -
Plc Western Power Distribution (South Wales) Plc Avonbank Avonbank Feeder Road Feeder Road Bristol BS2 0TB Bristol BS2 0TB United Kingdom United Kingdom
WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (EAST MIDLANDS) PLC (incorporated and registered with limited liability in England and Wales under registration number 02366923) and WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (SOUTH WALES) PLC (incorporated and registered with limited liability in England and Wales under registration number 02366985) and WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (SOUTH WEST) PLC (incorporated and registered with limited liability in England and Wales under registration number 02366894) and WESTERN POWER DISTRIBUTION (WEST MIDLANDS) PLC (incorporated and registered with limited liability in England and Wales under registration number 03600574) £4,000,000,000 Euro Medium Term Note Programme Under this £4,000,000,000 Euro Medium Term Note Programme (the Programme), Western Power Distribution (East Midlands) plc (WPDE), Western Power Distribution (South Wales) plc (WPD South Wales), Western Power Distribution (South West) plc (WPD South West) and Western Power Distribution (West Midlands) plc (WPDW and, together with WPDE, WPD South Wales and WPD South West, the Issuers, and each, an Issuer) may from time to time issue notes (the Notes) denominated in any currency agreed between the Issuer of such Notes (the Relevant Issuer) and the relevant Dealer (as defined below). The maximum aggregate nominal amount of all Notes from time to time outstanding under the Programme will not exceed £4,000,000,000 (or its equivalent in other currencies calculated as described in the amended and restated dealer agreement dated 12 August 2019, as amended or supplemented from time to time, the Dealer Agreement), subject to increase as described in this Prospectus. The Notes may be issued on a continuing basis to one or more of the Dealers specified under “Description of the Programme” and any additional Dealer appointed under the Programme from time to time by the Relevant Issuers (each a Dealer and together the Dealers), which appointment may be for a specific issue or on an ongoing basis.