DOCSLIB.ORG

4G Mobile Communication Technologies and Enhancements

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
4G Mobile Communication Technologies and Enhancements A PROJECT REPORT ON 4G MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND ENHANCEMENTS Submitted by V.S. HARINEE Under the guidance of Dr. V. N. SASTRY, PROFESSOR Centre for Mobile Banking (CMB) Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT), Hyderabad In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY in ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT & RESEARCH IN BANKING TECHNOLOGY (IDRBT), HYDERABAD JUNE 2018 i INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH IN BANKING TECHNOLOGY, HYDERABAD BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report “4G MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND ENHANCEMENTS” is the bonafide work of “V.S. HARINEE” who carried out the project work under my supervision during the period between 21-05-2018 and 15-06-2018, at Centre for Mobile Banking (CMB), Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology, Hyderabad. Dr. V. N. SASTRY, PROFESSOR, Centre for Mobile Banking (CMB), Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT), Hyderabad ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The internship opportunity I had with Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT) was a great chance for learning and professional development. Therefore, I consider myself as a very lucky individual as I was provided with an opportunity to be a part of it. I am also grateful for having a chance to meet several wonderful people and professionals who led me though this internship period. I take this opportunity to express my deepest gratitude and special thanks to the Shri G. Raghuraj, General Manager - Administration of Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT) who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with her/his duties, took time out to hear, guide and keep me on the correct path and allowing me to carry out my project at their esteemed organization and extending during the training. I express my deepest thanks to Shri P. Parthasarathi, Chief Technology Officer for taking part in useful decision & giving necessary advices and guidance and arranged all facilities to make life easier. I gratefully acknowledge his contribution. It is my radiant sentiment to place on record my best regards, deepest sense of gratitude to Dr. V. N. Sastry, Professor, Institute for Development & Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT) for his careful and precious guidance of the project work, which were extremely valuable for my study, both theoretically and practically. I perceive this opportunity as a big milestone in my career development. I will strive to use gained skills and knowledge in the best possible way, and I will continue to work on their improvement, in order to attain desired career objectives. Hope to continue cooperation with all of you in the future. Yours Sincerely, V.S. Harinee iii INDEX CHAPTER NO TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Communication ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Block diagram ............................................................................................... 2 1.2 Wireless communication ....................................................................................... 4 2. EVOLUTION OF MOBILE COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 9 2.2 First Generation 1G ................................................................................................. 9 2.3 Second Generation 2G .......................................................................................... 10 2.4 Third Generation 3G ............................................................................................. 11 2.5 Fourth Generation 4G ........................................................................................... 12 2.6 Fifth Generation 5G .............................................................................................. 13 3. 4G MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS 3.1 LTE ....................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.1 Interference in LTE TDD system ............................................................... 15 3.2 Wi Max ................................................................................................................ 17 3.2.1 Evolution of Wi Max ................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 Spectrum issues ........................................................................................... 19 iv 3.3 LIFI ....................................................................................................................... 20 3.3.1 Li-Fi Channel .............................................................................................. 23 3.4 GIFI ....................................................................................................................... 25 3.4.1 Gigabit wireless features ............................................................................. 26 3.4.2 Applications -Gi-Fi technology ................................................................... 27 3.4.2 Benefits of Gi-Fi technology ....................................................................... 28 3.5 Comparative Analysis ........................................................................................... 30 4. ENHANCEMENTS TO 5G 4.1 5G New Radio ....................................................................................................... 32 4.2 Working of 5G NR ................................................................................................ 34 CONCLUSION REFERENCES v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AMPS – Advanced Mobile Phone System AMTS –Advanced Mobile Telephone Systems AP – Access Point CDMA – Code Division Multiple Access CMOS- Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor CP – Cyclic Prefix CO – Central Office DCO-OFDM – Direct Current Optical – Orthogonal Frequency DFT – Discrete Fourier Transform DSL – Digital Subscriber Line DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting EDGE – Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution eMBB – Enhanced Mobile Broadband FDD – Frequency Division Duplexing FDMA – Frequency Division Multiple Access FFT – Fast Fourier Transform 5G NR – Fifth Generation New Radio G – Generation GIFI – Gigabit Wireless GPRS – Global Packet Radio Service GSM – Global System for Mobile Communications HiperMAN – High Performance Radio Metropolitan Area Network HSPA – High Speed Packet Access vi IFFT – Inverse Fast Fourier Transform IM/DD – Intensity Modulation and Direct Detection IMT – Improved Mobile Services IR – Infrared IrDa – Infrared Data Association IoT – Internet of Things LD – Laser Diode LED – Light Emitting Diode LIFI – Light Fidelity LTE – Long Term Evolution MAN – Metropolitan Area Network MBAN – Mobile Body Area Network MIMO – Multiple Input Multiple Output MMS – Multimedia Message mMTC – Masive Machine Type Communications MTS – Mobile Telephone Systems NOMA - Non- Orthogonal Multiple Access OFDM – Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing PCS – Personal Communication Services PDA – Personal Digital Assistant PTT – Push to Talk QAM – Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QoS – Quality of Service RF – Radio Frequency SA – Standalone vii SC –FDMA – Sub-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access SIC – Successive Interface Cancellation SINR – Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio TDD – Time Division Duplexing T/FDMA – Time/Frequency Multiple Division Access 3GPP – Third Generation Partnership Project UE – User Equipment UMTS – Universal Mobile Telecommunication System uRLLC – Ultra-reliable and Low-Latency Communications VLC – Visible Light Communication VT – Vectored Transmission WiFi – Wireless Fidelity WiMAX – Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WLAN – Wireless Local Area Network WPA – WiFi Protected Access WWWW – Wireless World Wide Web viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 1.1 Communication Communication is the process of information exchange by establishing connection or link between entities. Communication is essentially the basic process of exchanging information. The electronic devices which are used for communication purpose are called communication equipments. Different communication equipments when assembled together form a communication system. Example of communication system are line telephony and line telegraphy, radio telephony and radio telegraphy, radio broadcasting, point-to-point communication and mobile communication, radar communication, computer communication, television broadcasting, radio aids to navigation, radio telemetry, radio aids to aircraft landing etc. Figure 1.1 represents the basic block diagram of communication system. medium Figure 1.1: Communication system 1 1.1.1 Block Diagram of Communication System (a) Information Source A communication system serves to communicate a message or information. This information is originated from the information source. In general, there can be different messages in the form of words or group of words etc. However, out of the numerous messages, only the coveted message is chosen and conveyed. Thus, we can state that the function of information source is to create required message which has to be transmitted. (b) Input Transducer Device which converts one form of energy into another form is knows as a transducer. The message from the information source may or may not be electrical in nature. For a situation when the message produced
Load more

Recommended publications
  • ETSI Technical Committee BRAN (Broadband Radio Access Networks) and Some Applications
    ITU-B D T R e g io n a l S e m in a r o n M o b ile a n d F ix e d W ire le s s A c c e s s fo r B ro a d b a n d A p p lic a tio n s fo r th e A ra b R e g io n A lg ie rs (A lg e ria ), 1 9 - 2 2 J u n e 2 0 0 6 ETSI Technical Committee BRAN (Broadband Radio Access Networks) and some applications Bernd Friedrichs – Ericsson (BRAN Chair) Mariana Goldhamer – Alvarion (BRAN Vice-Chair) 1 TC BRAN - Main Areas (1 of 3) Interoperable Systems Interoperable systems for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) HiperAccess (for cellular and hotspot backhauling) HiperMAN (fixed/nomadic wireless-DSL like system, also appropriate for rural and remote areas) Base specifications (PHY layer, DLC layer, management) Test specifications (radio and protocol conformance) International cooperation Harmonization with IEEE 802.16 Co-operation with WiMAX Forum First publications in 2002 (HA) and 2004 (HM) Definition of „Interoperability“: to ensure communication between devices (base stations, terminals) from different vendors 2 1 TC BRAN - Main Areas (2 of 3) Regulatory Activities Regulatory competence working group (RCWG) Established in 2004, as „horizontal“ group Coordination of all spectrum related and regulatory issues Assistance to regulatory bodies to define spectrum requirements and radio conformance specifications for new broadband radio networks Deliverables Development of Harmonised Standards covering essential requirements under article 3.2 of the R&TTE directive (HEN) System Reference Documents (SRDoc) 3 TC BRAN - Main Areas (3 of 3) Testing
    [Show full text]
  • Wireless Networks
    SUBJECT WIRELESS NETWORKS SESSION 2 WIRELESS Cellular Concepts and Designs" SESSION 2 Wireless A handheld marine radio. Part of a series on Antennas Common types[show] Components[show] Systems[hide] Antenna farm Amateur radio Cellular network Hotspot Municipal wireless network Radio Radio masts and towers Wi-Fi 1 Wireless Safety and regulation[show] Radiation sources / regions[show] Characteristics[show] Techniques[show] V T E Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor. The most common wireless technologies use radio. With radio waves distances can be short, such as a few meters for television or as far as thousands or even millions of kilometers for deep-space radio communications. It encompasses various types of fixed, mobile, and portable applications, including two-way radios, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wireless networking. Other examples of applications of radio wireless technology include GPS units, garage door openers, wireless computer mice,keyboards and headsets, headphones, radio receivers, satellite television, broadcast television and cordless telephones. Somewhat less common methods of achieving wireless communications include the use of other electromagnetic wireless technologies, such as light, magnetic, or electric fields or the use of sound. Contents [hide] 1 Introduction 2 History o 2.1 Photophone o 2.2 Early wireless work o 2.3 Radio 3 Modes o 3.1 Radio o 3.2 Free-space optical o 3.3
    [Show full text]
  • A Smart and Trustworthy Iot System Interconnecting Legacy IR Devices Zhen Ling , Chao Gao, Chuta Sano, Chukpozohn Toe, Zupei Li, and Xinwen Fu
    3958 IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL, VOL. 7, NO. 5, MAY 2020 STIR: A Smart and Trustworthy IoT System Interconnecting Legacy IR Devices Zhen Ling , Chao Gao, Chuta Sano, Chukpozohn Toe, Zupei Li, and Xinwen Fu Abstract—Legacy-infrared (IR) devices are pervasively used. I. INTRODUCTION They are often controlled by IR remotes and cannot be con- trolled over the Internet. A trustworthy and cost-effective smart HE Internet of Things (IoT) is a world-wide network of IR system that is able to change an IR controllable device into T uniquely addressable and interconnected objects [1], [2]. a smart Internet of Things (IoT) device and interconnect them IoT has broad applications, including smart home, smart city, for smart city/home applications is offered in this article. First, smart grid, and smart transportation. However, there still exist a printed circuit board (PCB) consisting of an IR receiver and a large number of legacy devices, such as infrared (IR) multiple IR transmitters side by side which are capable of trans- mitting about 20 m indoors is designed and implemented. This controllable devices, which cannot be controlled over the IR transceiver board is the first of its kind. Second, the IR Internet. transceiver can be linked up with a Raspberry Pi, for which The IR technology is used in many different fields, includ- we develop two software tools, recording and replaying any IR ing scientific research, business, and military. The IR spectrum signals so as to put the corresponding IR device in control. Third, can be divided into five categories: 1) near IR; 2) short wave- a smartphone can be connected to the Pi by means of a mes- sage queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) cloud server so that length IR; 3) mid wavelength IR; 4) long wavelength IR; and the commands can be sent by the smartphone to the legacy IR 5) far IR [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Intel® NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel® NUC Board NUC5PPYB Technical Product Specification
    Intel® NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel® NUC Board NUC5PPYB Technical Product Specification November 2017 Order Number: H71812-0013 Intel NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel NUC Board NUC5PPYB Technical Product Specification The Intel NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel NUC Board NUC5PPYB may contain design defects or errors known as errata that may cause the product to deviate from published specifications. Current characterized errata are documented in the Intel NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel NUC Board NUC5PPYB Specification Update. iv Revision History Revision Revision History Date 001 First release of the Intel® NUC Board NUC5CPYB and Intel NUC Board NUC5PPYB May 2015 Technical Product Specification 002 Specification Clarification June 2015 003 Specification Clarification June 2015 004 Specification Clarification August 2015 005 Specification Clarification September 2015 006 Specification Clarification October 2015 007 Specification Clarification March 2016 008 Specification Change May 2016 009 Specification Clarification June 2016 0010 Specification Change August 2016 0011 Specification Change October 2016 0012 Specification Change January 2017 0013 Specification Change November 2017 Disclaimer This product specification applies to only the standard Intel® NUC Board with BIOS identifier PYBSW10H.86A INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL® PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL’S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT.
    [Show full text]
  • TS 102 624-1 V1.2.1 (2009-11) Technical Specification
    ETSI TS 102 624-1 V1.2.1 (2009-11) Technical Specification Broadband Radio Access Networks (BRAN); HiperMAN; Conformance Testing for the Network layer of HiperMAN/WiMAX terminal devices; Part 1: Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement (PICS) proforma 2 ETSI TS 102 624-1 V1.2.1 (2009-11) Reference RTS/BRAN-004T010-1 Keywords HiperMAN, layer 3, PICS, terminal, testing ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • 3GPP Release 8 IMS Implementation, Deployment & Testing
    WORKSHOP on 3GPP release 8 IMS Implementation, Deployment & Testing Speakers’ Biographies 24 - 25 November 2010 Agora Einstein Sophia Antipolis Antonio Ascolese, TILAB Antonio Ascolese actually works for TILAB, the Innovation Centre of Telecom Italia. From 2002 to 2010 he deals with Core Network (GPRS, UMTS ed IMS) and Policy issues (PCC). Since August 2007 he attends to the 3GPP CT WG3, which is in charge of defining the interworking aspects between 3GPP PLMNS towards internal or external networks and of developing the Policy and Charging Control requirements and end-to-end QoS mechanisms. In 2007 and 2008 he drove and sponsored (as rapporteur) the definition of 3GPP TS 29.165, known as II-NNI specification. Andrea Bellocchi, Wind Telecommunication S.p.A. Andrea Bellocchi, Network Planning Specialist (Core & IMS), Wind Telecommunication S.p.A. Graduated from University of Rome "La Sapienza" in 1996. Joined the Strategic Planning Department of Telecom Italia Mobile in 1997, where he follows issues regarding technological evolution on Mobile Core Network. He was involved in UMTS standardization, joined the 3GPP SA2 group. In 2000, he joined WIND Telecommunication, where formulated Core Network chapters on bid book and related technical and costs model for the UMTS license winning bid offer proposed to the Italian Government. Since 2001, he is in charge of Network planning and architecture for Mobile CS & IMS Core Network, including dimensioning and costs models for business plan, definition of medium term technical plan, network modernization projects and standard evolution, and collaborate on technical staff training on WIND Core Network technologies. From 2008, he is the IMS/RCS trial project leader, that brings to successfully UNI/NNI activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Visible Light Communication an Alternative to the Wireless Transmission with RF Spectrums Through Visible Light Communication
    Visible Light Communication An alternative to the wireless transmission with RF spectrums through visible light communication. University of Central Florida Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science EEL 4915 Dr. Lei Wei, Dr. Samuel Richie, Dr. David Hagen Senior Design II Final Paper Documentation Group 12 – CREOL Garrett Bennett Photonic Science and Engineering Benjamin Stuart Photonic Science and Engineering George Salinas Computer Engineering Zhitao Chen Electrical Engineering i Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 1 2. Project Description 3 2.1 Project Background 3 2.1.1 Existing Projects and Products 3 2.1.2 Wireless Optical Communication 6 2.2 Objectives 7 2.2.1 Motivation 7 2.2.2 Goals 8 2.3 Requirements Specifications 8 2.4 Market and Engineering Requirements 8 2.5 Distribution and Hierarchical Layout 10 2.5.1 Contribution Breakdown 11 2.6 Design Comparison 11 3. Research related to Project 13 3.1 Relevant Technologies 13 3.1.1 Transmitter Technology 13 3.1.2 Receiver Technology 23 3.1.3 Detection Statistics 28 3.1.4 Electrical Processing 29 3.2 Strategic Components and Part Selections 30 3.2.1 Differential Receiver Amplifier 30 3.2.2 Operational Amplifier 34 3.2.3 Differential Driver 38 3.2.4 Comparator 40 3.2.5 Voltage Converters 42 3.2.6 LED 46 3.2.7 Photodiode 47 3.2.8 Laser Criteria 48 3.2.9 Focusing Optics 51 ii 4. Related Standards and Realistic Design Constraints 54 4.1 Standards 54 4.1.1 IEEE 802.3i 54 4.1.2 Design Impact of IEEE 802.3i standard 54 4.1.3 IEEE 802.15.7 55 4.1.4 Design Impact of IEEE 802.15.7
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Wifi and Wimax and Wireless Network Coexistence
    International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) Vol.6, No.6, November 2014 ANALYSIS OF WIFI AND WIMAX AND WIRELESS NETWORK COEXISTENCE Shuang Song and Biju Issac School of Computing, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK ABSTRACT Wireless networks are very popular nowadays. Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) that uses the IEEE 802.11 standard and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) that uses the IEEE 802.16 standard are networks that we want to explore. WiMAX has been developed over 10 years, but it is still unknown to most people. However compared to WLAN, it has many advantages in transmission speed and coverage area. This paper will introduce these two technologies and make comparisons between WiMAX and WiFi. In addition, wireless network coexistence of WLAN and WiMAX will be explored through simulation. Lastly we want to discuss the future of WiMAX in relation to WiFi. KEY WORDS WiMAX, WiFi, wireless network, wireless coexistence, network simulation 1. INTRODUCTION With the development of multimedia communication, people need wireless broadband access with higher speed, larger coverage and mobility. The emergence of WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) technology met the people's demand for wireless Internet to some extent. If wireless LAN technology (WLAN) solves the access problem of the "last one hundred meters", then WiMAX technology is the best access solution of the "last mile". Though WiMAX is an emerging and extremely competitive wireless broadband access technology, the development prospects of its market is still unknown. Hybrid networks as a supplement to cell based or IP packet based services, can fully reflect the characteristics of wide network coverage.
    [Show full text]
  • 802.11 Architecture
    IEEE 802.16 MAC and PHY Specifications for Broadband WMAN 國立中興大學資工系 曾學文 Tel : (04)22840497 ext. 908 E-mail: [email protected] NCHU CSE WMAN - 1 Resources Part Source : Roger B. Marks, National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder, Colorado, USA Chair, IEEE 802.16 Working Group http://WirelessMAN.org http://www.intel.com/idf NCHU CSE WMAN - 2 Broadband Access to Buildings • Wireless Metro Ethernet – 802.11 Wireless Ethernet • First/Last mile access – Fast local connection to network » 30%-40% Radio/TV pervasion » 5% internet access – Target Applications (similar as DSL and CableModem) » Data » Voice / Audio » Video distribution » Real-time videoconferencing • High-capacity cable/fiber to every user is expensive – Network operators demand it – Business and residential customers demand it NCHU CSE WMAN - 3 Comparisons of Wireless Standards Bandwidth Assumptions Bandwidth (MHz) 2G/2.5G 1.25 802.20 1xEV-DO, 1xEVDV, 1.25 802.20 Mobile HSDPA 5 (Vehicular) 802.16 <= 20 802.16e Bluetooth 79 x 1 MHz WWAN UWB > 100 2G/2.5G (IMT-2000) Pedestrian ® Cellularcdma2000 1xEV-DO, 802.16a (Nomadic) cdma2000® 1xEV-DV (WiMAX) Mobility WCDMA HSDPA 802.11 (WLAN) Fixed 802.15.1 802.15.3a (Stationary) (Bluetooth) (UWB) 0.1 1.0 3.1 10 100 Peak Data Rate per User (Mbits/second) Commercial Proposed Source: International Telecommunications Union and WiMAX Forum NCHU CSE WMAN - 4 Current Status • More Than 350 Operator Trials and Deployments in 65+ countries! • List of operators – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Deployed_WiMAX_networks Source: Intel, the WiMAX Forum NCHU CSE WMAN - 5 4G (beyond 3G) / IMT Advanced • 4G, a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communications, – is being developed to accommodate the quality of service (QoS) and rate requirements set by forthcoming applications for "anytime-anywhere".
    [Show full text]
  • CC2541-Q1 2.4-Ghz Bluetooth Low Energy and Proprietary System-On
    Product Sample & Technical Tools & Support & Folder Buy Documents Software Community CC2541-Q1 SWRS128 –JUNE 2014 CC2541-Q1 SimpleLink™ Bluetooth® Low Energy Wireless MCU for Automotive 1 Device Overview 1.1 Features 1 • RF – Accurate Digital RSSI Support – 2.4-GHz Bluetooth Low Energy Compliant and – Battery Monitor and Temperature Sensor Proprietary RF Wireless MCU – 12-Bit ADC With Eight Channels and – Supports Data Rates of 250 kbps, 500 kbps, 1 Configurable Resolution Mbps, and 2 Mbps – AES Security Coprocessor – Excellent Link Budget, Enabling Long-Range – Two Powerful USARTs With Support for Several Applications Without External Front End Serial Protocols – Programmable Output Power up to 0 dBm – 23 General-Purpose I/O Pins – Excellent Receiver Sensitivity (–94 dBm at (21 × 4 mA, 2 × 20 mA) 1 Mbps), Selectivity, and Blocking Performance – I2C interface – Suitable for Systems Targeting Compliance With – 2 I/O Pins Have LED Driving Capabilities Worldwide Radio Frequency Regulations: ETSI – Watchdog Timer EN 300 328 and EN 300 440 Class 2 (Europe), – Integrated High-Performance Comparator FCC CFR47 Part 15 (US), and ARIB STD-T66 • Development Tools (Japan) – CC2541 Evaluation Module • Layout – SmartRF™ Software – Few External Components – IAR Embedded Workbench™ Available – 6 mm × 6 mm QFN-40 Package • Bluetooth v4.0 Compliant Protocol Stack for • Low Power Single-Mode BLE Solution – Active-Mode RX Down to: 18.3 mA – Complete Power-Optimized Stack, Including – Active-Mode TX (0 dBm): 18.6 mA Controller and Host – Power Mode 1 (4-µs
    [Show full text]
  • Mee09:57 Blekinge Tekniska Högskola
    MEE09:57 A COMPARATIVE STUDYOF UMTS/WCDMA AND WiMAX TECHNOLOGIES MASTER THESIS REPORT BY: MUHAMMAD UMAIR ASLAM, ARIF HUSSAIN, SALAHUDDIN BLEKINGE TEKNISKA HÖGSKOLA ‐ BTH i A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF UMTS/WCDMA AND WIMAX TECHNOLOGIES This thesis is submitted to the Department of Telecommunications, School of Engineering at Blekinge Institute of Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering MUHAMMAD UMAIR ASLAM ARIF HUSSAIN SALAHUDDIN Blekinge Institute of Technology June 2009 Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Engineering Department of Telecommunications Examiner: Prof. Dr. Adrian Popescu Supervisor: Dr.Alexandru Popescu ii iii ABSTRACT The field of mobile broadband in wireless communication systems is increasingly facing the challenges of the provision of high data rates, improved seamless connectivity and broadband internet services. UMTS/WCDMDA which is a third generation wireless mobile cellular technology has been adopted in most parts of the world and now undergoing a phase of evolution and will be emerged soon as LTE. On the other hand, WiMAX which is also some times called as fourth generation mobile broadband technology is likely to be accepted in many places. With higher data rates for transmission, adaptive modulation and coding, OFDMA based physical layer and a very flexible architecture, WiMAX appears to be suppressing UMTS soon. However, the Long Term Evolution (LTE) of 3G or UMTS is likely to compete the WiMAX both technically and economically. This research provides a comparative interpretation of architecture, salient features, robustness, physical layer, mobility, capacity and coverage aspects of the both UMTS/WCDMA and WiMAX broadband technologies.
    [Show full text]
  • What Wimax Forum Certified™ Products Will Bring to Wi-Fi™
    Business White Paper Broadband Wireless Access By Kevin F. R. Suitor VP, Business Development Redline Communications www.redlinecommunications.com Revision 2: June 2004 What WiMAX Forum Certified™ products will bring to Wi-Fi™ While Wi-Fi allows for wireless broadband connectivity within the local area, WiMAX Certified products will extend the broadband wireless experience to the metropolitan area network (MAN). As WiMAX technologies evolve, end users will be able to experience a “best connected” model. In time, WiMAX Forum Certified equipment vendors may develop products that support a combination of Wi-Fi LAN technology and WiMAX MAN technologies. This will enable untethered roaming between business and residential locations as well as broader campus and metropolitan areas. This paper will provide a framework for Wi-Fi and WiMAX network coexistence and technology migration. Contents Introduction.......................................................................................................................................2 Why is Wi-Fi used in the MAN?........................................................................................................2 OFDM – the basics...........................................................................................................................3 802.16/HIPERMAN OFDM PHY.......................................................................................................5 802.16/HIPERMAN MAC..................................................................................................................6
    [Show full text]