Enabling Roaming in Heterogeneous Multi-Operator Wireless Networks Oscar Salazar Gaitan

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Enabling Roaming in Heterogeneous Multi-Operator Wireless Networks Oscar Salazar Gaitan Enabling Roaming in Heterogeneous Multi-Operator Wireless Networks Oscar Salazar Gaitan To cite this version: Oscar Salazar Gaitan. Enabling Roaming in Heterogeneous Multi-Operator Wireless Networks. do- main_other. Télécom ParisTech, 2007. English. pastel-00003796 HAL Id: pastel-00003796 https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003796 Submitted on 7 Jul 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Th`ese present´ ee´ pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l’Ecole´ Nationale Superieure´ des Tel´ ecommunications´ Specialit´ e´ : Informatique et R´eseaux OSCAR SALAZAR GAITAN´ Mobilit´edes services dans les r´eseauxh´et´erog`enesdans une contexte multi-fournisseur Soutenue le 24 septembre 2007 devant le jury compose´ de Abraham O. Fapojuwo President´ Omar Cherkaoui Rapporteur Philippe Godlewski Examinateur Philippe Bertin Examinateur Philippe Martins Directeur de these´ 2 3 Enabling Roaming in Heterogeneous Multi-Operator Wireless Networks Allowing inter-network cooperation in wireless environments beyond 3G by OSCAR SALAZAR GAITAN´ Submitted to the department of Computer Sciences & Networks in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR of PHILOSOPHY in TELECOMMUNICATIONS at the Ecole´ Nationale Sup´erieuredes T´el´ecommunications September 24, 2007 4 5 To my wife, family, and friends 6 7 Acknowledgements This thesis would not be possible without the support of so many people. People that provided me the inspiration, the support, the necessary feedback and ad- vices. People whom I spent countless hours sharing four years of my life. I would like to thank you all without mentioning any names. I am certain that you know who you are. Oscar 8 9 R´esum´een fran¸cais 1.1 Introduction Dans un futur proche, les technologies d’acces` sans fil telles que le WiFi, le WiMAX et l’UMTS coexisteront. Neanmoins,´ cette coexistence quotidienne ne signifie pas qu’ils seront en mesure d’etreˆ pleinement inter-operationnels.´ Nous pensons alors que le roaming concernera differents´ reseaux´ d’acces` ger´ es´ par differentes´ entites´ : des operateurs´ de reseaux´ cellulaires, des fournisseurs d’acces` Internet (FAI) et certaines organisations ou individus. Notre travail de recherche s’articule ainsi autour d’un scenario´ de roaming het´ erog´ ne,` concernant les reseaux´ d’acces` sans fil ger´ es´ par differents´ operateurs.´ Notre objectif principal est de fournir une architecture de roaming qui permet l’interoperabilit´ e´ des reseaux´ het´ erog´ enes` dans le cadre d’un environnement multi-operateurs,´ et ce sans grands change- ments dans les architectures sans fil actuelles. L’un des objectifs de la nouvelle gen´ eration´ des reseaux´ sans fil NGWNs (Next GenerationWireless Networks) est la possibilite´ de transferer´ de maniere` transparente les services entre les reseaux´ sans fil de differentes´ technologies d’acces.` L’objectif est de tirer partie de la popu- larite´ et des hauts debits´ des UWNs (Unlicensed Wireless Networks) afin d’ameliorer´ les services mobiles. Bien qu’il existe dej´ a` des solutions qui tentent de repondre´ a` la problematique´ de la mobilite´ de service, la plupart d’entre elles sont basees´ sur l’hypothese` que les operateurs´ mobiles sont egalement´ proprietaires´ des reseaux´ WiFi / WiMAX. La realit´ e´ est que, en depit´ du fait que les operateurs´ mobiles investissent enorm´ ement´ dans le deploiement´ de leurs propres UWNs, de nom- breux UWNs independants´ peuvent etreˆ utilises´ comme des extensions de ces reseaux´ mobiles. La principale problematique´ est alors le manque d’accords de roaming entre les reseaux´ mobiles et les operateurs´ independants´ (UWNs), et l’absence d’une architecture solide permettant cette integration.´ Nous con- siderons´ que les UWNs independants´ sont des reseaux´ sans fil qui n’ont pas etabli´ des accords contractuels de roaming avec les operateurs´ mobiles. Actuellement, les compagnies de tel´ ecommunication´ offrent des services tels que le triple play Ce dernier est le terme commercial qui designe´ la fourniture de deux services a` large bande passante (l’acc`esInternet haut d´ebitet la t´el´evision) et un service a` faible bande passante (la t´el´ephonie), via une seule connexion a` large bande pas- sante. Dans le quadruple play, la communication sans fil est present´ ee´ comme un autre moyen qui permet de fournir du contenu multimedia´ tel que la video,´ l’acces` Internet et le service de tel´ ephonie´ vocale. La combinaison du triple et du quadruple play donnent une tendance claire vers la FMC (Fixed Mobile Con- vergence). L’objectif est de fournir de tels services avec un numero´ de tel´ ephone´ 10 unique (dual mode handset), quelque soit le reseau´ d’acces` sans fil. Cependant, memeˆ si l’appareil mobile est techniquement en mesure de ben´ eficier´ des avan- tages de la FMC, il se heurte a` la difficulte´ de trouver un UWN qui autorise la fourniture du service de roaming. Nous enonc¸ons´ dans ce qui suit un scenario´ typique de roaming entre operateurs´ het´ erog´ enes` : Alice a un t´el´ephoneportable avec deux interfaces r´eseaux(UMTS et WiFi). Chaque fois qu’elle rentre `ala maison, son t´el´ephoneest en mesure de passer du r´eseauUMTS au r´eseau WiFi, et delui fournir des services de voix et de donn´ees(d´efiniesdans le profil de service d’Alice). Cela est rendu possible car l’op´erateurmobile d’Alice est ´egalement son fournisseur d’acc`esInternet. N´eanmoins,lorsque Alice est de retour `ason bureau, son t´el´ephoneportable n’est pas en mesure de passer sur le r´eseauWiFi de sa soci´et´e.La raison est que le r´eseausans fil de son entreprise ne dispose pas d’un contrat de roaming avec son op´erateurmobile. Si la societ´ e´ d’Alice veut faire partie de la reseau´ mobile d’Alice, elle devrait mettre en place un accord contractuel de roaming avec l’operateur´ mobile, chose certainement pas facile a` realiser.´ Pour supporter un roaming transparent et het´ erog´ ene,` les UWNs doivent etreˆ en mesure de fournir l’acces` transparent aux utilisateurs mobiles qui veulent y acceder´ s’ils veulent offrir de meilleurs ser- vices mobiles. Cette operation´ suscite cependant plusieurs questions: Pourquoi un operateur´ independant´ UWN doit donner acces` a` un utilisateur inconnu? Pourquoi les UWNs doivent partager leurs ressources pour satisfaire les utilisa- teurs mobiles? Quel est le profit de l’operateur´ UWN? Memeˆ si le UWN est pretˆ a` partager des ressources, comment pouvons-nous determiner´ s’il peut repondre´ aux exigences en termes de QoS? Comment l’utilisateur mobile peut recevoir des appels tel´ ephoniques´ a` travers le UWN? Comment un UWN pourrait identifier l’utilisateur mobile et verifier´ quel type de services cet utilisateur est autorise´ a` effectuer? Et finalement, si les UWNs ont pretsˆ a` devenir des extensions des reseaux´ mobiles, comment peuvent-ils regler´ ces accords de roaming? Notre principale motivation concerne les deux dernires` questions et vise la fourniture d’une strategie´ efficace sous la forme d’une plateforme de roaming qui prend en charge la mobilite´ des services entre les reseaux´ het´ erog´ enes` dans un contexte multi-fournisseurs. 1.2 Probl´ematiques´etudi´eess La mobilite´ de services dans un contexte het´ erog´ ene` inclue l’integration´ des operateurs´ de reseaux´ avec differentes´ interfaces d’acces,` diverses strategies´ de gestion et des modeles` economique.´ Notre principe est de mettre en place des accords de roaming entre les fournisseurs en chargeant le reseau´ mobile de la prise de decision´ relative au roaming. A` cet egard,´ nous avons identifie´ trois principales problematiques´ qui revetentˆ une importance cruciale : l’authentification des util- isateurs mobiles, l’autorisation du profil de service et la facturation. 1.3. ORGANISATION DE LA THESE` 11 1.2.1 Authentication d’Utilisateurs Le provisionnement de l’acces` au reseau´ sans fil dans un UWN n’est pas une tacheˆ evidente.´ Pour atteindre cet objectif, les operateurs´ UWNs doivent valider l’identite´ de l’utilisateur mobile et verifier´ le profil du service. Traditionnelle- ment, le processus d’authentification est effectue´ en interrogeant les bases de donnees´ dans le reseau´ domestique (r´eseaumobile). Pour accroˆıtre la securit´ e´ de la transaction, certaines propositions suggerent` l’utilisation du reseau´ UWN des mecanismes´ d’authentification tels que EAP-SIM ou EAP-AKA. Neanmoins,´ de tels mecanismes´ ne peuvent etreˆ appliques´ que si les deux operateurs´ mobiles ont acces` a` ce type d’authentification et ont dej´ a` etabli´ un rapport de confiance lie´ par des accords de roaming (roaming agreements). 1.2.2 Authorization du Profil d’Utilisateur Quand un utilisateur mobile arrive dans un VN (Visiting Network), et essaie d’instancier ou de poursuivre un service dej´ a` instancie,´ le VN determine,´ selon le profil util- isateur, les droits de l’utilisateur d’acceder´ a` ces services. Dans un environnement multi-operateurs,´ cette action represente´ un nouveau defi,´ car il n’est pas recom- mande´ de partager le profil utilisateur du service avec des VNs malicieux ou fournir toute information relative a` cet utilisateur mobile s’il n’y a pas une rela- tion de confiance. Le profil utilisateur contient des informations confidentielles sur le client, ainsi il ne peut pas etreˆ partage´ avec les UWNs independants.´ Un autre inconvenient´ est que les reseaux´ mobiles ne repondront´ a` aucune requeteˆ liee´ au profil des utilisateurs mobiles et provenant d’un UWN malicieux.
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