Experimental Assessment of Sound Symbolism and Evolutionary Considerations Lea De Carolis
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Uhm Phd 9506222 R.Pdf
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UM! films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent UJWD the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adverselyaffect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-band comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. U·M·I University Microfilms tnternauonat A Bell & Howell tntorrnatron Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. M148106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800:521·0600 Order Number 9506222 The linguistic and psycholinguistic nature of kanji: Do kanji represent and trigger only meanings? Matsunaga, Sachiko, Ph.D. University of Hawaii, 1994 Copyright @1994 by Matsunaga, Sachiko. -
Anglophonic Influence in the Use of Sound Symbolism in Italian Disney Comics: a Corpus-Based Analysis
Open Linguistics 2017; 3: 591–612 Research Article Pier Simone Pischedda* Anglophonic Influence in the Use of Sound Symbolism in Italian Disney Comics: A Corpus-based Analysis https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2017-0030 Received August 11, 2017; accepted November 20, 2017 Abstract: This article will explore the linguistic implications of employing and creating sound symbolism (ideophones, onomatopoeia and interjections) in Italian Disney comics. It will endeavour to investigate the way sound symbolic forms in both imported Disney US comics and original Italian stories have profoundly influenced the development of Italian sound symbolism in the last century. The diachronic analysis is carried out thanks to the creation of a corpus of ideophones and interjections from 210 Disney stories published between 1932 and 2013. The corpus will allow the author to investigate how these forms have changed diachronically throughout the eighty years under investigation with the final aim of highlighting changes and patterns in both original and translated Italian stories. The unique status of ideophones, confirmed by language, sociological and neurological studies, has led to interesting experimentations but also to complicated dynamics. Certain linguistic settings seem to foster a better affinity towards the device— particularly if compared to Romance languages, such as Italian and Spanish, that often have to rely on Anglophone renditions. Anglicisation has indeed overshadowed previous original attempts. Nevertheless, recent creations, particularly from -
Introduction to Japanese Computational Linguistics Francis Bond and Timothy Baldwin
1 Introduction to Japanese Computational Linguistics Francis Bond and Timothy Baldwin The purpose of this chapter is to provide a brief introduction to the Japanese language, and natural language processing (NLP) research on Japanese. For a more complete but accessible description of the Japanese language, we refer the reader to Shibatani (1990), Backhouse (1993), Tsujimura (2006), Yamaguchi (2007), and Iwasaki (2013). 1 A Basic Introduction to the Japanese Language Japanese is the official language of Japan, and belongs to the Japanese language family (Gordon, Jr., 2005).1 The first-language speaker pop- ulation of Japanese is around 120 million, based almost exclusively in Japan. The official version of Japanese, e.g. used in official settings andby the media, is called hyōjuNgo “standard language”, but Japanese also has a large number of distinctive regional dialects. Other than lexical distinctions, common features distinguishing Japanese dialects are case markers, discourse connectives and verb endings (Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyujyo, 1989–2006). 1There are a number of other languages in the Japanese language family of Ryukyuan type, spoken in the islands of Okinawa. Other languages native to Japan are Ainu (an isolated language spoken in northern Japan, and now almost extinct: Shibatani (1990)) and Japanese Sign Language. Readings in Japanese Natural Language Processing. Francis Bond, Timothy Baldwin, Kentaro Inui, Shun Ishizaki, Hiroshi Nakagawa and Akira Shimazu (eds.). Copyright © 2016, CSLI Publications. 1 Preview 2 / Francis Bond and Timothy Baldwin 2 The Sound System Japanese has a relatively simple sound system, made up of 5 vowel phonemes (/a/,2 /i/, /u/, /e/ and /o/), 9 unvoiced consonant phonemes (/k/, /s/,3 /t/,4 /n/, /h/,5 /m/, /j/, /ó/ and /w/), 4 voiced conso- nants (/g/, /z/,6 /d/ 7 and /b/), and one semi-voiced consonant (/p/). -
Sound Symbolism, Speech Identity, and Size Andrew Shibata May, 2017 Phonlab, UC Berkeley Advisors
UC Berkeley Phonetics and Phonology Lab Annual Report (2017) Sound symbolism, speech identity, and size Andrew Shibata May, 2017 PhonLab, UC Berkeley Advisors: Keith Johnson, Alice Shen Second Reader: Susan Lin 141 UC Berkeley Phonetics and Phonology Lab Annual Report (2017) Abstract Sound symbolism is the hypothesized property for sounds to convey semantic meaning. Shinohara and Kawahara (2010) proposed that features of vowels (frontness, height) and obstruents (voicing) cause listeners to perceive words as either larger or smaller. Study 1 firstly replicates the original experiment then repeats the experiment using a speech perception paradigm. The speech perception experiment assesses whether listeners perceive sizes differently between spoken language and visual reading. The results from Study 1 were consistent with Shinohara and Kawahara (2010) except that words with /u/ were perceived as smaller in our results. We hypothesized that this result may be due to u-fronting which is an iconic feature of Californian English so we repeated both the written word and speech perception experiments in Study 2 with non-Californian English speakers. Our results support Shinohara and Kawahara’s claims and suggest that speakers perceive dialect-specific phonetic properties from written word. 1. Introduction 1.1 Traditional perspective on form and meaning One long-held assumption in linguistics is that the physical form of a linguistic signal is independent of its meaning. This idea is attributed to Ferdinand de Saussure who stated in his Course in General Linguistics that “the bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary” (De Saussure & Baskin, 2011). Saussure argues that the idea conveyed by a word is not linked to the ordered set of sounds that make up the word. -
The Two Meanings of Sound Symbolism
Open Linguistics 2017; 3: 491–499 Research Article Hilke Elsen* The Two Meanings of Sound Symbolism https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2017-0024 Received March 29, 2017; accepted September 24, 2017 Abstract: This article deals with sound symbolism and the ways to interpret sound symbolic phenomena. Sound symbolism appears to be a universal phenomenon but linguists tend to neglect it or offer heterogeneous approaches and definitions. This paper is concerned with the role of motivation, as assumed in cases like cuckoo, and the question whether some sound symbolic effects might be the result of acquired statistical knowledge about the language system. The author argues that several aspects of sound symbolism such as natural/iconic or habitual relationships between sound and (facets of) referents interact but should be considered separately to gain a more realistic insight into the working of sound symbolism. Keywords: Iconicity, definitions, size-sound symbolism, names, language universals, phonestheme 1 Introduction Research on sound symbolism was never really popular, perhaps due to the dominance of Western European and US-American research and Ferdinand de Saussure’s conclusion that the relation between form and meaning of the linguistic sign was arbitrary - except for a few onomatopoetic terms. Still, from time to time, authors would offer experiments and new ideas on sound symbolism, including some of the most cited ones such as Sapir (1929), Köhler (1929), Jespersen (1933), Jakobson (1971), French (1976), Ultan (1978), Hinton/Nichols/Ohala (1994) and Nuckolls (1999), to name just a few. Likewise, French and German publications contributed interesting insights, such as Uznadze (1924), Müller (1935), Wissemann (1954), Chastaing (1958ff.), Fónagy (1963), Peterfalvi (1964ff.), Ertel (1969) or Etzel (1983). -
Introduction Sound Symbolism in the Age of Digital Orality. a Perspective
Signifiances (Signifying), 3(1), XXXVI-LXVIII DOI : https://doi.org/10.18145/signifiances.v3i1.248 Introduction Sound symbolism in the age of digital orality. A perspective on language beyond 'nature' and 'culture' Luca Nobile1 Abstract After recalling the main empirical evidence in favour of sound symbolism, this Introduction presents the contributions offered by the authors of this issue of Signifiances (Signifying). It then addresses some of the epistemological and metaphysical issues that a full integration of sound symbolism into language theory entails, particularly concerning the relationship between language and reality, and between nature and culture. Finally, it proposes to explain the centuries-old preference of scholars for the arbitrariness of the sign as an effect of the pre- eminent role that writing on paper has played in their pragmatic-cognitive experience of language up to the digital revolution. Keywords: iconicity; orality; writing; epistemology of language sciences; ecology of mind. Résumé Après avoir rappelé les principales preuves empiriques en faveur du symbolisme phonétique, cette Introduction présente les contributions offertes par les auteurs du présent numéro de Signifiances (Signifying). Elle aborde ensuite certains des enjeux épistémologiques et métaphysiques qu'une pleine intégration du symbolisme phonétique dans la théorie du langage comporte, concernant notamment le rapport entre langage et réalité, et entre nature et culture. Elle propose enfin d'expliquer la préférence pluriséculaire des savants pour l'arbitraire du signe comme un effet du rôle prééminent que l'écriture sur papier a joué dans leur expérience pragmatico-cognitive du langage jusqu'à la révolution numérique. Mots-clés: iconicité ; oralité ; écriture ; épistémologie des sciences du langage ; écologie de l'esprit. -
What's in a Name? Sound Symbolism and Coffee Shops
Cedarville University DigitalCommons@Cedarville Department of English, Literature, and Modern Linguistics Senior Research Projects Languages 4-21-2016 What’s in a Name? Sound Symbolism and Coffee Shops Claire Anderson Cedarville University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/ linguistics_senior_projects Part of the Anthropological Linguistics and Sociolinguistics Commons, Marketing Commons, and the Phonetics and Phonology Commons Recommended Citation Anderson, Claire, "What’s in a Name? Sound Symbolism and Coffee Shops" (2016). Linguistics Senior Research Projects. 4. http://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/linguistics_senior_projects/4 This Capstone Project is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@Cedarville, a service of the Centennial Library. It has been accepted for inclusion in Linguistics Senior Research Projects by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Cedarville. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Running head: What’s in a Name? Sound Symbolism and Coffee Shops 1 What’s in a Name? Sound Symbolism and Coffee Shops Claire Anderson Cedarville University SOUND SYMBOLISM AND COFFEE SHOPS 2 Abstract This study explores the relationship between sound symbolism and coffee shop names. Specifically, phonetic qualities in coffee shop names have crossmodal associations with other sensory experiences such as taste, sight, sound, and touch. Previous studies show a strong association between product or brand name and consumer preference; therefore, a study of coffee shop names is worthwhile in expanding the corpus of sound symbolism knowledge. A phonetic analysis of top-rated coffee shops in the United States, paired with a survey, shows that a balance of stops and smoother phonemes (fricatives, nasals, laterals, etc.), as well as a mixture of front and back vowels create the ideal name, which often represents a coffee shop that is warm and cozy without being overpowering or stifling. -
Sound-Symbolism P
THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM English Language & Applied Linguistics MA AL (part-time) RESEARCH METHODS ESSAY Term 2 (2017/2018) Student Number 1869751 Title of Module Language and the Senses (SENSES). Code: 09 29566 Question You will be asked to conduct a small research project, present the findings to the group in the form of a short presentation (maximum 12 slides) in week 9 and submit a 4,000 word written report. Plan a small experimental study or corpus study to investigate one of the following topics: • Language and the senses • Sound symbolism • Iconicity in brand names • Aspects of ineffability of perceptual information • Sensory metaphors • Taste and smell words • Expert vocabulary (wine experts, coffee experts etc.) • Sensory language in advertising You may base your study on one of the studies that we have explored in class, or you may prefer to develop your own. Number of Words 3, 933 DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I declare: a. that this submission is of my own work; b. that this is written in my own words; and c. that all quotations for published or unpublished work are acknowledged with quotation marks and references to the work in question. Date: 18 / April / 2018........................................................................................................ filename: 1869751-RMSENSES1 CONTENTS 1: INTRODUCTION and BACKGROUND § Signs p. 3 § Arbitrariness and Iconicity in Language p. 4 § Sound-Symbolism p. 5 § Kiki and Bouba p. 6 2: The EXPERIMENT § Purpose p. 7 § Fictive Words and Novel Objects p. 7 § Method p. 9 § Predictions p. 10 3: The RESULTS § Quantitative Results p. 11 Name-to-Brick Preferences p. 11 Sound-to-Shape Preferences p. -
Uhm Phd 4271 R.Pdf
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I LIBRARY A RECONSTRUCTION OF THE ACCENTUAL HISTORY OF THE JAPANESE AND RYUKYUAN LANGUAGES A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI'I IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN LINGUISTICS DECEMBER 2002 BY Moriyo Shimabukuro Dissertation Committee: Leon A. Serafim, Chairman Robert Blust Kenneth Rehg Patricia Donegan Robert Huey llJ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Looking back upon my life in Honolulu, I have realized how wonderful my life has been. Vivid memories come back as if I am turning pages of a picture album. People that I have met made my life here precious. My studies at the University of Hawai'i at Manoa have been very fruitful. Since the day I arrived, I have learned a great number of things about the Japonic languages from Leon A. Serafim, my advisor. I have really enjoyed myself being with him. This dissertation could not have been completed without his valuable comments, insightful suggestions, and encouragement. lowe him a great amount, especially his time and energy that he spent with me while I was writing my dissertation. To express my appreciation, I would like to say "Ippee nihwee deebiru." I would also like to thank my other committee members, Ken Rehg, Robert Blust, Patricia Donegan, and Robert Huey, for reading this dissertation and giving me insightful comments. I learned a lot from discussions with them. I am grateful to them for being on my committee. I would also like to express my gratitude to Alexander Vovin, who has taught me a lot in class and outside classrooms while I was at the university. -
Sound Symbolism in Foreign Language Phonological Acquisition
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE • Research in Language, 2010, vol. 8 • DOI 10.2478/v10015-010-0013-6 SOUND SYMBOLISM IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE PHONOLOGICAL ACQUISITION MAGDALENA WREMBEL [email protected] Adam Mickiewicz University Abstract The paper aims at investigating the idea of a symbolic nature of sounds and its implications for in the acquisition of foreign language phonology. Firstly, it will present an overview of universal trends in phonetic symbolism, i.e. non-arbitrary representations of a phoneme by specific semantic criteria. Secondly, the results of a preliminary study on different manifestations of sound symbolism including emotionally-loaded representations of phonemes and other synaesthetic associations shall be discussed. Finally, practical pedagogical implications of sound symbolism will be explored and a number of innovative classroom activities involving sound symbolic associations will be presented. Key words: sound symbolism, synaesthetic vowel mappings, pronunciation pedagogy 1. Introduction The aims of the paper are threefold; it is intended to investigate the idea of a symbolic nature of sounds, to explore acoustic iconicity in the context of the acquisition of foreign language phonology, and finally to search for potential implications for L2 pronunciation pedagogy. The paper starts with an overview of research into sound symbolism as well as the presentation of its typology, iconic strategies and motivation behind the phenomenon. Then the results of a study into synaesthetic associations, i.e. visualising English vowel sounds in terms of different sensory and emotionally-loaded representations shall be presented and discussed. The paper ends with an overview of innovative classroom activities based on sound symbolic associations aimed at enhancing foreign language phonological acquisition. -
Sound Symbolism Literature Review
2. Overview of the Phonosemantics Literature 2.1 The Beginnings of Phonosemantics 2.1.1 The Ancients Like most other fields of modern research – chemistry, astronomy, mathematics – linguistics, and phonosemantics in particular, finds its beginnings in the mystical and religious literature of the various traditions. For example, in many traditions archetypal meanings were associated with the letters of the alphabet and used as oracles – the Viking Runes, the Hebrew Kabbalah, the Arab Abjad, etc.. References of this kind are very common in The Upanishads, The Nag Hammadi Library, the Celtic Book of Teliesin, as well as early Christian works that were rejected from the Biblical canon, the Shinto Kototama, and so forth. Several of these are reviewed and discussed in, for example, Stefan Etzel’s (1983) dissertation and in Magnus (1999). The first work that took a more modern, critical approach to the subject was Plato’s Cratylus dialogue. In the first half of the Cratylus, Socrates argues with Hermogenes – a proponent of the Conventionalist Overgeneralization – that the foundation of word semantics must lie in phonetics: “That objects should be imitated in letters and syllables, and so find expression may appear ridiculous, Hermogenes, but it cannot be avoided – there is no better principle to which we can look for the truth of first names.” He then goes on to provide a number of examples, of phonosemantic correlations, none of which are so complete that they can be said to constitute proof or even particularly strong evidence. In the second half of the dialog, Socrates argues against Cratylus – a proponent of the Naturalist Overgeneralization – trying to tone down his extremist view. -
Japanese Grammar Guide
Japanese Grammar Guide Tae Kim November 21, 2012 Contents 1 Introduction 11 1.1 The problem with conventional textbooks ...................... 11 1.2 A Japanese guide to learning Japanese grammar .................. 12 1.3 Suggestions ....................................... 13 2 The Writing System 15 2.1 The Scripts ....................................... 15 2.2 Intonation ........................................ 16 2.3 Hiragana ........................................ 16 2.3.1 The Muddied Sounds ............................. 18 2.3.2 The Small 「や」、「ゆ」、and 「よ」 ................... 19 2.3.3 The Small 「つ」 ............................... 20 2.3.4 The Long Vowel Sound ............................ 20 2.4 Katakana ........................................ 21 2.4.1 The Long Vowel Sound ............................ 23 2.4.2 The Small 「ア、イ、ウ、エ、オ」 ..................... 24 2.4.3 Some examples of words in Katakana .................... 25 2.5 Kanji ........................................... 26 2.5.1 What is Kanji? ................................. 26 2.5.2 Learning Kanji ................................. 26 2.5.3 Reading Kanji ................................. 27 2.5.4 Why Kanji? ................................... 28 3 Basic Grammar 29 3.1 Basic Grammatical Structures ............................. 29 3.2 Expressing State-of-Being ............................... 29 3.2.1 Declaring something is so and so using 「だ」 ............... 29 3.2.2 Conjugating to the negative state-of-being .................. 31 3.2.3 Conjugating to the past state-of-being ...................