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2005-24 Final Report User Perspectives on Location Efficient Mortgages & Car Sharing Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. 3. Recipients Accession No. MN/RC – 2005-24 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date User Perspectives on Location Efficient Mortgages & Car Sharing June 2005 6. 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Kevin Krizek 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No. Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs University of Minnesota 11. Contract (C) or Grant (G) No. 301 19th Avenue South (c) 81655 (wo) 50 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Minnesota Department of Transportation Final Report Research Services Section 395 John Ireland Boulevard Mail Stop 330 14. Sponsoring Agency Code St. Paul, Minnesota 55155 15. Supplementary Notes http://www.lrrb.org/PDF/200524.pdf 16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) A burgeoning population seeking relatively affordable housing is placing high demands on outlying, auto-dependent residential markets. Simultaneously, public policies addressing housing, transportation, and land use aim to increase homeownership, decrease drive-alone travel, and harness outlying development. A relatively new mortgage lending procedure aims to address each of these public policy aims synergistically by allowing low- and moderate-income households the opportunity to purchase homes in transit-accessible neighborhoods that would otherwise be unobtainable because of cost. The goal of this research is to evaluate this initiative, as well as position it within the broader goals of smart growth, describe its application, and comment on its prospects. This report constitutes a primer of the current state of knowledge about these unique loan programs. 17. Document Analysis/Descriptors 18.Availability Statement Residential Locations Mortgage No restrictions. Document available Transit Travel Behavior from: National Technical Information Car Sharing Services, Springfield, Virginia 22161 19. Security Class (this report) 20. Security Class (this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 148 User Perspectives on Location Efficient Mortgages & Car Sharing Final Report Prepared by: Kevin J. Krizek Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs University of Minnesota June 2005 Published by: Minnesota Department of Transportation Research Services Section, MS 330 395 John Ireland Boulevard St. Paul, Minnesota 55155-18999 This reports represents the results of research conducted by the authors and does not necessarily represent the view or policies of the Minnesota Department of Transportation and/or Center for Transportation Studies. This report does not contain a standard or specified technique. Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .....................................................................................................................1 Current lending, location decisions, and smart growth........................................................1 Chapter 2: Theoretical foundation.....................................................................................................3 Relation to smart growth .................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 3: Application of Location Efficient Mortgages................................................................. 7 Chapter 4: Understanding the prospects of Location Efficient Mortgages .................................... 13 Summary of Prospects ........................................................................................................15 Chapter 5: Survey of LEM Recipients in Seattle and Chicago ...................................................... 17 Tabulations from Household Survey ................................................................................ 18 Summary of Survey Results .............................................................................................. 25 Chapter 6: Focus Groups of LEM participants, Car-sharing participants, and Control Group...... 27 Focus Group Protocol and Process ................................................................................... 27 Analysis ............................................................................................................................ 28 Chapter 7: Interviews with Program Officials................................................................................ 31 Output from Interviews...................................................................................................... 31 Chapter 8: Conclusions .................................................................................................................. 38 Location Efficient Mortgages ........................................................................................... 38 Carsharing.......................................................................................................................... 39 Crossover ...........................................................................................................................40 Prospects for Two Programs.............................................................................................. 40 References........................................................................................................................................41 Appendix A: Chicago Household Survey ......................................................................................A-1 Appendix B: Seattle Household Survey .........................................................................................B-1 Appendix C: Chicago Control Focus Group A and B ....................................................................C-1 Chicago Control Focus Group A ...................................................................................... C-1 Chicago Control Focus Group B ...................................................................................... C-7 Appendix D: Chicago I-Go Focus Group A....................................................................................D-1 Appendix E: Chicago I-Go Focus Group B.....................................................................................E-1 Appendix F: Chicago LEM Focus Group .......................................................................................F-1 Appendix G: Seattle Flexcar Focus Groups A, B, and C. ..............................................................G-1 Seattle Flexcar Focus Group A..........................................................................................G-1 Seattle Flexcar Focus Group B ........................................................................................G-11 Seattle Flexcar Focus Group C ........................................................................................G-14 Appendix H: Seattle LEM Focus Group ........................................................................................H-1 Appendix I: Focus Group Protocols ................................................................................................I-1 General Interview Protocol.................................................................................................I-1 LEM Participants Interview Protocol ................................................................................I-3 Control Group Participants Interview Protocol .................................................................I-5 Flexcar Participants Interview Protocol.............................................................................I-7 List of Figures Figure 2.1: Describing how LEMs satisfy growth management goals............................................ 4 Figure 3.1: Interior bus advertisement for the LEM program in Seattle, WA demonstrating the multiple agencies involved. .................................................................................................... 9 Figure 3.2: Multiple parties and agencies responsible for successful implementation of LEMs. Shading indicates degree of public or private agency. Primary relationships and partnerships are highlighted by arrows. .................................................................................................... 10 Figure 4.1: Criteria used to describe the potential LEM population. ............................................ 13 Figure 5.1 Household information to be surveyed ........................................................................ 17 List of Tables Table 3.1 Location Efficient Mortgage Scenarios........................................................................... 7 Table 5.1: Survey response rate to date......................................................................................... 18 Table 5.2: General characteristics of LEM homebuyers ............................................................... 18 Table 5.3: Financial characteristics of LEM homebuyers............................................................. 19 Table 5.4: Relationship between LEM and home-buying decisions ............................................. 20 Table 5.5: Travel characteristics of LEM homebuyers ................................................................. 20 Table 5.6: Neighborhood characteristics of LEM homebuyers..................................................... 21 Table 5.7: Reasons that influenced choice of LEM homebuyers .................................................. 22 Table 5.8:Travel Characteristics
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