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U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District 1325 J Street Sacramento, California Contract: DACA05-97-D-0013, Task 0001 FOSTER WHEELER ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION
CALIFORNIA HISTORIC MILITARY BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES INVENTORY VOLUME II: THE HISTORY AND HISTORIC RESOURCES OF THE MILITARY IN CALIFORNIA, 1769-1989 by Stephen D. Mikesell Prepared for: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Sacramento District 1325 J Street Sacramento, California Contract: DACA05-97-D-0013, Task 0001 FOSTER WHEELER ENVIRONMENTAL CORPORATION Prepared by: JRP JRP HISTORICAL CONSULTING SERVICES Davis, California 95616 March 2000 California llistoric Military Buildings and Stnictures Inventory, Volume II CONTENTS CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................... i FIGURES ....................................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................. iv PREFACE .................................................................................................................................... viii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1-1 2.0 COLONIAL ERA (1769-1846) .............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1 Spanish-Mexican Era Buildings Owned by the Military ............................................... 2-8 2.2 Conclusions .................................................................................................................. -
El Discurso De Pío Pico De 1847 Y Los Primeros Tiempos Del Español En La California Estadounidense
UCLA The Proceedings of the UCLA Department of Spanish and Portuguese Graduate Conference Title El discurso de Pío Pico de 1847 y los primeros tiempos del español en la California estadounidense Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/68h4d9tn Journal The Proceedings of the UCLA Department of Spanish and Portuguese Graduate Conference, 1(1) Author Lamar Prieto, Covadonga Publication Date 2012 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California El discurso de Pío Pico de 1847 y los primeros tiempos del español en la California estadounidense Covadonga Lamar Prieto University of California, Los Angeles Encuntre mei revelerunt li Seisne, E Hungre e Bugre e tante gent averse, Romain, Puillain e tuit icil de Palerne E cil d’Affrike e cil de Califerne Chanson de Roland, canto CCIX, versos 2921-2925 ABstract: El presente trabajo estudia el español de California en el siglo XIX desde la perspectiva de la sociolingüística histórica. A partir del análisis de testimonios de Pío Pico, se analizan tanto la historia externa y la historia interna del dialecto del español de Los Ángeles como las presiones sociales en torno al choque entre el inglés y el espa- ñol que, en 1847, estaba a punto de suceder con motivo del Tratado de Guadalupe-Hidalgo. KEYWORDS: sociolingüística histórica, español de California, Pío Pico 1. Introducción ualquiera que haya paseado, conducido o visto un mapa de Los CÁngeles alguna vez se habrá percatado de la profusa toponimia en español que salpica modernamente la ciudad. No develo nada al referirme al hondo sustrato hispánico, mexicano por término gene- ral, de la urbe. -
The Western Services of Stephen Watts Kearny, 1815•Fi1848
New Mexico Historical Review Volume 21 Number 3 Article 2 7-1-1946 The Western Services of Stephen Watts Kearny, 1815–1848 Mendell Lee Taylor Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr Recommended Citation Taylor, Mendell Lee. "The Western Services of Stephen Watts Kearny, 1815–1848." New Mexico Historical Review 21, 3 (1946). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nmhr/vol21/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in New Mexico Historical Review by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. ________STEPHEN_WATTS KEARNY NEW MEXICO HISTORICAL REVIEW VOL. XXI JULY, 1946 NO.3 THE WESTERN SERVICES OF STEPHEN WATTS KEARNY, 1815-18.48 By *MENDELL LEE TAYLOR TEPHEN WATTS KEARNY, the fifteenth child of Phillip and S. Susannah Kearny, was born at Newark, New Jersey, August 30, 1794. He lived in New Jersey until he matricu lated in Columbia University in 1809. While here the na tional crisis of 1812 brought his natural aptitudes to the forefront. When a call· for volunteers was made for the War of 1812, Kearny enlisted, even though he was only a few weeks away from a Bachelor of Arts degree. In the early part of the war he was captured at the battle of Queenstown. But an exchange of prisoners soon brought him to Boston. Later, for gallantry at Queenstown, he received a captaincy on April 1, 1813. After the Treaty of Ghent the army staff was cut' as much as possible. -
Pacifying Paradise: Violence and Vigilantism in San Luis Obispo
PACIFYING PARADISE: VIOLENCE AND VIGILANTISM IN SAN LUIS OBISPO A Thesis presented to the Faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History by Joseph Hall-Patton June 2016 ii © 2016 Joseph Hall-Patton ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP TITLE: Pacifying Paradise: Violence and Vigilantism in San Luis Obispo AUTHOR: Joseph Hall-Patton DATE SUBMITTED: June 2016 COMMITTEE CHAIR: James Tejani, Ph.D. Associate Professor of History COMMITTEE MEMBER: Kathleen Murphy, Ph.D. Associate Professor of History COMMITTEE MEMBER: Kathleen Cairns, Ph.D. Lecturer of History iv ABSTRACT Pacifying Paradise: Violence and Vigilantism in San Luis Obispo Joseph Hall-Patton San Luis Obispo, California was a violent place in the 1850s with numerous murders and lynchings in staggering proportions. This thesis studies the rise of violence in SLO, its causation, and effects. The vigilance committee of 1858 represents the culmination of the violence that came from sweeping changes in the region, stemming from its earliest conquest by the Spanish. The mounting violence built upon itself as extensive changes took place. These changes include the conquest of California, from the Spanish mission period, Mexican and Alvarado revolutions, Mexican-American War, and the Gold Rush. The history of the county is explored until 1863 to garner an understanding of the borderlands violence therein. v TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………... 1 PART I - CAUSATION…………………………………………………… 12 HISTORIOGRAPHY……………………………………………........ 12 BEFORE CONQUEST………………………………………..…….. 21 WAR……………………………………………………………..……. 36 GOLD RUSH……………………………………………………..….. 42 LACK OF LAW…………………………………………………….…. 45 RACIAL DISTRUST………………………………………………..... 50 OUTSIDE INFLUENCE………………………………………………58 LOCAL CRIME………………………………………………………..67 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………. -
Bear Flag Revolt
‘Bodega’ Bear Flag Revolt The untold story of how Captain (Bodega Corners) Smith was the primary supporter of the Revolt Major Dates in California (and West County) History During this tumultuous time, the1840’s are when everything happened at once. This was the climax to America’s Manifest Destiney (when the US expansion to the western shore was uninvited, but inevitable). Just remember the ‘pioneers’ were uninvited immigrants into Mexico’s 100 year old homeland. 1822 - Mexico Independence from Spain 1824 - Alta California Independence, now a Mexican ‘Territory’ 1833 - Alta California Independence from Mexico 1836 -Texas Revolution - Autonomous Territory from Mexico 1836 - Alta California Breaks into 4 Regional Power ‘States’ 1841 - Russia Leaves Fort Ross 1842 - Sutter Establishes Swiss Colony called New Helvetica 1843 - Captain Smith is granted Rancho Bodega 1844 - Captain Smith installs California first Steam Lumber and Grist Mills 1845 - Captain Smith begins shipping & passages service (Bodega, SF, Monterey) 1846 - Bear Flag Rebellion 1846 -1848 - Mexican-American War 1847 - California becomes US Territory 1848 - Gold Discovered at Sutter’s Mill 1849 - Gold Rush - 100,000 fortune hunters arrive 1850 - Statehood, SF is a Boom Town In 1821 Mexico won their war of independence from Spain which began a period of much political uncertainty and upheaval in the new government. Alta California was always an after thought to Spain, but now even less control or direction came out of Mexico City, so the Californios were left on their own. The friction came to a head in 1836, when Monterey-born Juan Between 1836 and 1846 Alta Bautista Alvarado (Monterey) led California had broken into a revolt and seized the regional fiefdoms governorship from Nicolás Micheltorena Gutiérrez (San Diego). -
The Chronology of the Mormon Battalion
The Chronology of the Mormon Battalion A TIMELINE OF EVENTS SURROUNDING THE MARCH OF THE MORMON BATTALION Most students of Mormon history will recall that the story of the Mormon Battalion began during the early days of the Saints’ westward trek to the Rocky Mountains. Many will also associate the end of the Battalion’s march across the Southwest to California with the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill. However, the events leading up to the Mexican War and the dramatic results of that war on the history and geography of the United States are probably less well remembered. This chronology presents a combined timeline of LDS Church history, US history, the Mexican War, the march of the Mormon Battalion, and includes significant events following the mustering out of Battalion members. 1821 August 24 Mexico becomes independent of Spain after more than ten years of civil war. At the time, Mexico claims most of the western third of what would eventually be the continental United States, although it was sparsely settled except by Native Americans. The northern Mexican territories include Texas, Nuevo Mexico (New Mexico) and Alta California (Upper California). 1830 April 6 The Church of Jesus Christ is organized by Joseph Smith at Fayette, New York. 1836 March 2 Texas declares independence from Mexico, the result of an increasing number of American settlers who resent centralized control by the Mexican government. After several defeats at the hands of the Mexican Army, led by General Santa Anna, Sam Houston leads a surprise attack by the inexperienced Texian army against the Mexican army at San Jacinto, scoring a dramatic victory and capturing Santa Anna. -
A Companion to the American West
A COMPANION TO THE AMERICAN WEST Edited by William Deverell A Companion to the American West BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO HISTORY This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of the scholarship that has shaped our current understanding of the past. Defined by theme, period and/or region, each volume comprises between twenty- five and forty concise essays written by individual scholars within their area of specialization. The aim of each contribution is to synthesize the current state of scholarship from a variety of historical perspectives and to provide a statement on where the field is heading. The essays are written in a clear, provocative, and lively manner, designed for an international audience of scholars, students, and general readers. Published A Companion to Western Historical Thought A Companion to Gender History Edited by Lloyd Kramer and Sarah Maza Edited by Teresa Meade and Merry E. Weisner-Hanks BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO BRITISH HISTORY Published In preparation A Companion to Roman Britain A Companion to Britain in the Early Middle Ages Edited by Malcolm Todd Edited by Pauline Stafford A Companion to Britain in the Later Middle Ages A Companion to Tudor Britain Edited by S. H. Rigby Edited by Robert Tittler and Norman Jones A Companion to Stuart Britain A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Britain Edited by Barry Coward Edited by Chris Williams A Companion to Eighteenth-Century Britain A Companion to Contemporary Britain Edited by H. T. Dickinson Edited by Paul Addison and Harriet Jones A Companion to Early Twentieth-Century Britain Edited by Chris Wrigley BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO EUROPEAN HISTORY Published A Companion to Europe 1900–1945 A Companion to the Worlds of the Renaissance Edited by Gordon Martel Edited by Guido Ruggiero Planned A Companion to the Reformation World A Companion to Europe in the Middle Ages Edited by R. -
The Conflict Between the California Indian and White Civilization:Iii
I BE RO ... AM E RICA,N A: 23 THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE CALIFORNIA INDIAN AND WHITE CIVILIZATION:III S. F. COOK -c - THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THE CALIFORNIA INDIAN AND' WHITE CIVILIZATION III. THE AMERICAN INVASION, 1848-1870 BY S. F. COOK UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND LOS ANGELES 1943 CONTENTS IBERO-AMERICANA: 23 EDITORS: C. O. SAUER, LAWRENCE KINNAIRD, L. B. SIMPSON PART THREE. THE AMERICAN INVASION, 1848-1870 II5 pages PAGE Submitted by editors February 13, 1942 Introduction. I Issued April 20, 1943 Price, $1.25 Military Casualties, 1848-1865 . Social Homicide Disease. Food and Nutrition UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS BERKELEY AND Los ANGELES Labor . CALIFORNIA Sex and Family Relations Summary and Comparisons CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON,ENGLAND APPENDIX Table 1. Indian Population from the End of the Mission Period to Modern Times . Table 2. Estimated Population in 1848, 1852, and 1880 . Koupi od ~ Table 3. Indian Losses from Military Operations, 1847- Darem od u ~:ij3.A 1865 ............... 106 V Table 4. Population Decline due to Military Casualties, 1848-1880. III IllV b Table 5. Social Homicide, 1852-1865 II2 . C' . ",I PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA The American Invasion, 1848-1870 INTRODUCTION HEN THE CALIFORNIA INDIAN was confronted with the prob lem of contact and competition with the white race, his suc W cess was much less marked with the Anglo-American than with the Ibero-American branch. To be sure, his success against the latter had been far from noteworthy; both in the missions and in the native habitat the aboriginal population'had declined, and the Indian had been forced to give ground politically and racially before the advance of Spanish colonization. -
Edward Fitzgerald Beale from a Woodcut Edward Fitzgerald Beale
General Edward Fitzgerald Beale From a Woodcut Edward Fitzgerald Beale A Pioneer in the Path of Empire 1822-1903 By Stephen Bonsai With 17 Illustrations G. P. Putnam's Sons New York and London Ube ftnicfterbocfter press 1912 r6n5 Copyright, iqi2 BY TRUXTUN BEALE Ube finickerbocher pteee, 'Mew ]|?ocft £CI.A;n41 4S INTRODUCTORY NOTE EDWARD FITZGERALD BEALE, whose life is outlined in the following pages, was a remarkable man of a type we shall never see in America again. A grandson of the gallant Truxtun, Beale was bom in the Navy and his early life was passed at sea. However, he fought with the army at San Pasqual and when night fell upon that indecisive battlefield, with Kit Carson and an anonymous Indian, by a daring journey through a hostile country, he brought to Commodore Stockton in San Diego, the news of General Kearny's desperate situation. Beale brought the first gold East, and was truly, in those stirring days, what his friend and fellow- traveller Bayard Taylor called him, "a pioneer in the path of empire." Resigning from the Navy, Beale explored the desert trails and the moimtain passes which led overland to the Pacific, and later he surveyed the routes and built the wagon roads over which the mighty migration passed to people the new world beyond the Rockies. As Superintendent of the Indians, a thankless office which he filled for three years, Beale initiated a policy of honest dealing with the nation's wards iv Introductory Note which would have been even more successful than it was had cordial unfaltering support always been forthcoming from Washington. -
San Pasqual Battlefield
Vol. XXV, No 1 January/February 2012 CALENDAR Happy New Year! Tues, January 17 History Discussion, Escondido Library, 3:30 to 5:30 pm, , contin- ued, led by Jim Newcom Fri, January 27 Board Meeting, 11 am-1 pm Sat, January 28 Mormon Battalion Day, Old Town SHP, 10 am-4 pm Sun, February 5 BATTLE DAY 2011: Living History, Park Not your usual day in San Pasqual Valley Tues, February 21 History Discussion, Escondido Library, 3:30 to 5:30 pm, Civil Disorders in the US, led by Ron Hinrichs Fri, February 24 Board Meeting, 11 am-1 pm Californios and U.S. Dragoons meet, marking 165 years since the Battle of San Pasqual Photos courtesy of Michelle Wolf & Melvin Sweet 1 BATTLELINES Jan/Feb 2012 SPBVA 2012 by Tom Vilicich BOARD came out to Battle Day for your sup- MEMBERS reenactment had the most reenactors port and for signing these cards. We participating that we have seen in had people from all over Southern many years. The Dragoons were out- California as well as Colorado and Shirley Buskirk numbered about 3 to 1. As a rider with Michigan lend their support. If you Jim Caldwell the Dragoons, I must say that seeing missed out on the opportunity to sign Cliff Clifford the Californios coming at us in line of these postcards, we still have some Royce Clifford battle with their superior numbers was available at the park visitor center. If Donald Coates intimidating, to say the least. This is you have a chance, stop by and fill the kind of odds the men who rode Tom Cook with General Kearny faced 165 years Randall Hamud ago. -
Or, Early Times in Southern California. by Major Horace Bell
Reminiscences of a ranger; or, Early times in southern California. By Major Horace Bell REMINISCENCES —OF A— RANGER —OR,— EARLY TIMES —IN— SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, By MAJOR HORACE BELL. LOS ANGELES: YARNELL, CAYSTILE & MATHES, PRINTERS. 1881. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by HORACE BELL, In the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D.C. TO THE FEW Reminiscences of a ranger; or, Early times in southern California. By Major Horace Bell http://www.loc.gov/resource/calbk.103 SURVIVING MEMBERS OF THE LOS ANGELES RANGERS, AND TO THE MEMORY OF THOSE WHO HAVE ANSWERED TO THE LAST ROLL-CALL, THIS HUMBLE TRIBUTE IS AFFECTIONATELY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR. PREFACE. No country or section during the first decade following the conquest of California, has been more prolific of adventure than our own bright and beautiful land; and to rescue from threatened oblivion the incidents herein related, and either occurring under the personal observation of the author, or related to him on the ground by the actors therein, and to give place on the page of history to the names of brave and worthy men who figured in the stirring events of the times referred to, as well as to portray pioneer life as it then existed, not only among the American pioneers, but also the California Spaniards, the author sends forth his book of Reminiscences, trusting that its many imperfections may be charitably scrutinized by a criticising public, and that the honesty of purpose with which it is written will be duly appreciated. H. B. -
Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
MARRON HAYES ADOBES HISTORIC DISTRICT HABS CA-2900 2000 Haymar Drive HABS CA-2900 Carlsbad San Diego County California PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA FIELD RECORDS HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURVEY National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 1849 C Street NW Washington, DC 20240-0001 2000 Haymar Dr., Carlsbad, San Diego County, California APN 167-040-31-00 The Marrón-Hayes Adobes Historic District is located at latitude: 33.179307, longitude: -117.309229. The coordinates represent the central point of the Marrón-Hayes Adobe, the extant building of the historic district. These coordinates were obtained on July 1, 2014, using Google Earth’s GPS mapping grade unit. The coordinates’ datum is North American Datum 1983. Shelley Hayes Caron Residence The Marrón-Hayes Adobes Historic District is comprised of the extant Marrón- Hayes Adobe (ca. 1854, altered 1947) and the melted Hayes Adobe (constructed by ca. 1875 and added onto thereafter, deteriorating by 1930s, ruins only by 1965, no longer extant). The Marrón-Hayes Adobes Historic District was once part of Silvestre Marrón’s much larger 362-acre ranch (Figure 1). The Marrón- Hayes Adobes Historic District is significant for its association with Silvestre Marrón, one of the first non-Indian settlers of the present-day Oceanside- Carlsbad area, and John Chauncey Hayes, an influential late nineteenth-century and early-twentieth-century lawyer, judge, newspaper man, farmer, real estate developer, and one of the founders of the city of Oceanside. The extant Marrón- Hayes Adobe is significant as a rare and intact example of a late Mexican-style adobe in San Diego County (1850-1906), as well as an excellent example of mid- twentieth-century (1947) Mission Revival architecture, which was a romanticized revival of the Spanish-Mexican architectural roots of San Diego.