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Coal：25.0 Coal：31.0 ：28.6 Just Before the After the Earthquake Earthquake FY 2010 FY 2014 Oil：6.6 Dependence Dependence Degree 62% Degree 88%

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Coal：25.0 Coal：31.0 ：28.6 Just Before the After the Earthquake Earthquake FY 2010 FY 2014 Oil：6.6 Dependence Dependence Degree 62% Degree 88% Magnesia Market Position Table of Contents Magnesia Division Yusuke Saitou FGD Market so far and from now on ①Recent trend in the domestic FGD market in Japan ②Chinese CCM supply situation to FGD market in Japan, Korea and Taiwan ③Movement of FGD facilities coming up in China Trend of Power Supply Composition in Japan Re-energy etc.：1.1 Re-energy etc.：3.2 Hydraulic power：8.5 Hydraulic power：9.0 Other gas： 1.1 Nuclear power Coal：25.0 Coal：31.0 ：28.6 Just Before the After the Earthquake Earthquake FY 2010 FY 2014 Oil：6.6 Dependence Dependence degree 62% degree 88% Oil：9.5 Other gas：0.9 LNG ：46.1 LNG ：29.3 Source: Agency for Natural Resources and Energy ・After the earthquake, the proportion of coal-fired power has been increasing due to problems of nuclear power plant operation. Besides, LNG's proportion is also increasing. ・Domestic and Chinese MgO for FGD in part of coal-fired power generation (small & medium- sized )plants is around 10% share of total power generation. UBE MgO/MH Shipment ☆Compared to FY 2015, MH slurry shipment is expected to increase in FY 2020. ☆The anticipated increase in the quantity is expected to peak until 2020. 1,000mt(as MgO) UBE Material Estimated COP２１ CO2 Regulation in the Paris Agreement 【Paris Agreement】 ・ We aim to make the global temperature rise of the whole world to 2℃ or lower, or even 1.5 ℃ or lower ・ Each country strengthens regulations, such as reporting CO2 missions every five years Source: draft committee submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Asian FGD Market and Chinese CCM Trend Liaoning Province, Xiuyan District （ high purity CCM for FGD & large crystal FM ） Chinese CCM（30％） China 20,000？ Unit: Mt / year （estimate as MgO） Domestic（70％） Korea 50,000 Japan Taiwan 200,000 China Expand? Japan Export 50,000 Chinese CCM （100％） North Korea With the environmental inspections by the central gov. conductedIf Chinese in Liaoning CCM supplyProvince, situation changes, Korea Export CCMit seems production 3 countries stoppage occurred. including Japan will be affected. Chinese CCM Domestic Possible risks are as follows. （50％） （50％） １） Closure of small factories ２） Production stagnation Chinese CCM（100％） ⇒Temporary supply insecure and price buoyant Taiwan Export UBE Material Estimated Current Status and Future of FGD Equipment at China Power Plants To cope with air pollution problem, FGD equipment will increase in power generation plant (SO2, NOx). Electric energy(MW) Power plant with FGD equipment（in China) Coal-fired Power Plants emit over 40% of China’s SO2 pollutants. SO2 emission standard 50・100mg/m3 for new power plant (China as from 2012) 200mg/m3 (EU, Japan) 160mg/m3(USA) Source：The McIlvaine Company In 2012, most FGD equipment use limestone gypsum method. (About 0.03% wet desulfurization by magnesium) Problems of By-produced Gypsum 【Mechanism of Desulfurization by Limestone Gypsum Method】 ・SO2+CaCO3+1/2H2O→CaSO3・1/2H2O+CO2 ・CaSO3・1/2H2O+1/2O2+3/2H2O→CaSO4・H2O As FGD equipment of limestone gypsum method increases, coal ash and gypsum are produced much as byproducts. ⇒ It is becoming an amount that can not be handled even in China. 【Mechanism of desulfurization by water mag method】 ・SO2+H2O→H2SO3+Mg(OH) 2→MgSO3+2H2O ・MgSO3+H2O+SO2→Mg(HSO3) 2 +Mg(OH)2 →2MgSO3+2H2O2MgSO3+O2→2MgSO4 Magnesium sulfate after desulfurization by magnesium is highly soluble in water. In Japan, coal ash is recycled as cement raw materials and partly utilized as fertilizer raw material by adding magnesia to immobilize toxic heavy metals. ☆In future, due to the problem of gypsum disposal, there is a possibility that water mag desulfurization method using CCM from China increases partly in place of limestone gypsum method. Summary of FGD Application ・Until 2020, demand for FGD in Japan is expected to increase due to the construction of small- and medium-sized coal- fired power plants. However, from a medium- to long-term perspective, the FGD field is declining from the viewpoint of CO2 emissions. ・Chinese FGD situation 1）More increased environmental regulation in China, more increased demand for FGD. 2）Gypsum is produced too much to be handled even in China. 3）Magnesium method desulfurization equipment could be more introduced in China. ２）Post FGD Market Market Application Development to Environmental Field Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 Magnesium oxide MgO 【Improvement of water quality 【Earth pavement】 / sediment quality】 Improvement of sediment quality in fishery farm A promenade Water Quality and Bottom Quality Improvement 14 Application - Hydrogen Sulfide Countermeasure - Mag System Improving Agent Used for suppression of hydrogen sulfide and sludge purification of sediment. Matsumoto Castle (National Treasure ) Fishery Farm Water Quality / Bottom Quality Improvement Application -Mechanism and Effect - External influx load Mag System Improving Agent Spraying ・Sewage water ・Residual food Causes death of fish Hydrogen sulfide generation P elution Suppression of hydrogen sulfide generation Deterioration of bottom sediment × × Accumulation in Promotion of decomposition sediment of N and P pH improvement of sediment Activation of aerobic bacteria Weakly alkaline Suppression of sulfate reducing ） Sediment (sludge bacteria activity Improve bottom sediment (make bottom sludge weakly alkaline) Fixation of phosphate ①Promotion of decomposition of organic matter ②Suppression of hydrogen sulfide generation ③Suppression of phosphorus elution ETV Project - Evaluation Content - 【ＥＴＶ】 Environmental Technology Verification （Environmental technology demonstration） It is operated by the Ministry of Environment in Japan. Evaluation test of useful "advanced environmental technology" A project to "demonstrate" the effect as objective data. Field of demonstration: Improvement of water environment in closed seas Proven Technology Name: Sediment Improvement Technology with Magnesium Oxide Verification number:090-1402 Omura Bay Demonstration test site Test location Soil Paving Application <Purpose of use> World Heritage ① Pave using the texture of the earth Iwami silver mine ② measures against grass weeds We are in trouble growing grass! It will be muddy if it rains! The asphalt pavement looks a bit ... Median strip Paving work using MgO Park Promenade By applying construction with MgO, we can take pavement and weed control measures that make use of the texture of the soil. Summary of Post FGD Applications ・As the post FGD markets, water and soil environment applications by utilizing magnesia seeds would be promising. ・The ETV project would be expanded to overseas for securing sea resources. ・Besides, we have been developing following applications: industrial waste recycle, bio mass electricity, preserving sea ecological system, water front restoration, sewage etc. Fine Material Division Yoshihiro Nishimura New Applications by making Use of Magnesia Seeds 1. What is “High-purity and ultra-fine magnesia”? 2. Features of VM-MgO and application fields 3. Lineup of VM-MgO family products 4. Examples of application using VM-MgO 4-1. Insulating resin 4-2. Electronic materials, additives, Sintering aids 4-3. Semiconductor 5. Summary New Applications by making Use of Magnesia Seeds 1. What is “High-purity and ultra-fine magnesia”? 2. Features of VM-MgO and application fields 3. Lineup of VM-MgO family products 4. Examples of application using VM-MgO 4-1. Insulating resin 4-2. Electronic materials, additives, Sintering aids 4-3. Semiconductor 5. Summary 1. What is “High-purity and Ultra-fine Magnesia”? High-purity and ultra-fine magnesia＝VM-MgO MgO powder manufactured by means of Vapor-phase oxidation Method 200nm grade 50nm grade MgO MgO MgO Mg O O Mg O O 200nm BET specific surface area BET specific surface area 7～9m2/g 28～38m2/g Particles is single crystal ⇒ High activity Without pulverizing process ⇒ Low contamination New Applications by making Use of Magnesia Seeds 1. What is “High-purity and ultra-fine magnesia”? 2. Features of VM-MgO and application fields 3. Lineup of VM-MgO family products 4. Examples of application using VM-MgO 4-1. Insulating resin 4-2. Electronic materials, additives, Sintering aids 4-3. Semiconductor 5. Summary 2. Features of VM-MgO and Application Fields Basic property Filler of Features of of MgO Insulating VM-MgO Item Unit Property resin Ultra Crystal ― Cubic fine structure ・50nm Lattice Semi- ・200nm Å 4.21 constant conductor Density g/cm3 3.58 materials High Melting ℃ 2800 Purity point ・>99.98% Mohs Electronic ― 5.5 hardness materials Electrical Ω・cm 1014 resistivity High Dielectric activity ― 9.8 constant Sintering aids ・28～38m2/g Additives ・7～9m2/g 3. Lineup of VM-MgO Family Products 200nm MgO Metal-Mg 50nm Vapor Phase MgO VM-MgO Oxidation Oxygen Moisture vapor 70nm hydroxylation Mg(OH)2 MgO Sintering sputtering target 200nm MgO 50nm MgO 70nm Mg(OH)2 MgO target New Applications by making Use of Magnesia Seeds 1. What is “High-purity and ultra-fine magnesia”? 2. Features of VM-MgO and application fields 3. Lineup of VM-MgO family products 4. Examples of application using VM-MgO 4-1. Insulating resin 4-2. Electronic materials, additives, Sintering aids 4-3. Semiconductor 5. Summary 4-1. Insulating Resin Benefit of High-Voltage (HV) power transmission Large-scale renewable Large-scale energy offshore wind power generation HV is suitable for long-distance power transmission because its transmission loss is low. Transfer the energy very efficiently from distant renewable-energy-farm to city. Furthermore from city to city or from country to country. 4-1. Insulating Resin Benefit of High-Voltage (HV) power transmission Large-scale renewable Large-scale energy offshore wind power generation HV is suitable for long-distanceJan. 2013 power transmission because its transmission loss is low. TransferRed：Existing the links energy very efficiently Blue：under construction or under planning from distant renewable-energy-farm to city. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current Furthermore from city to city or from country to country.
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