Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

APPENDIX-1 PRE-FEASIBILITY STUDY OF

1. Outline of Blue Line

1.1 Blue Line in Master Plan Network

The master plan network in KUTMP 2030 is shown in Figure A1-1-1. Blue Line is proposed as Railed-base system.

Source; KTIP

Figure A1-1-1 Master Plan Network in KUTMP 2030

1.2 Implementation Plan of Blue Line

Figure A1-1.2 shows the proposed schedule of mass transit lines in KUTMP 2030. It is assumed that a rail-base project takes seven years to be implemented, while BRT project takes five years.

Appendix 1 - 1 Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

Code Name Type Shor-term Mid-term Long-term 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2030- KCR MRT KCR Extension MRT Blue Line LRT Brown Line LRT BRT Red Line BRT Purple Line BRT Orange Line BRT Yellow Line LRT Aqua Line BRT Silver Line LRT

Source: KTIP Figure A1-1-2 Master Plan Schedule (Mass Transit Projects)

2. Purpose for Pre-Feasibility Study of Blue Line

2.1 Issues on Developing of Blue Line

According to the implementation plan of Blue Line in KUTMP 2030, following issues are pointed out against the implementation timing of LRT Blue Line.

1) The growth in population and the expansion in urbanized areas would certainly bring about a rapid increase in traffic demand in Karachi City.

2) There are only four years between construction commencement of LRT Blue Line and completion of Green and Red BRT line.

3) As a result of above 1) and 2), alternative public transportation system to LRT along Blue Line would be required before construction of LRT.

Thus, the JICA Study Team proposes an alternative plan along BRT divided into following two phases taking into account above mentioned matters.

- Phase-1; Adopting Semi-BRT system before construction of LRT Blue Line after completion of BRT Green Line and Red Line.

- Phase-2; Adopting LRT system after the commencement of LRT construction

2.2 Purpose for Pre-Feasibility Study of Blue Line

In case the alternative Blue Line plan is adopted, following issues are pointed out from the perspective of introducing space for both transportation system, tentative BRT system and LRT system.

1) BRT system would be required during only four years before construction of LRT system according to the implementation schedule. In addition to construction of BRT facility, removal of tentative BRT facility would also become an important issue so that tentative BRT facility should become removal easily.

Appendix 1 - 2 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

2) A large space is required for the accommodation of LRT facility along the route permanently due to elevated structure or underground structure including station structure.

3) On the other hand, new flyovers would be designed and constructed in the near future as necessary countermeasure against rapid increasing traffic volume in Karachi.

JICA Study Team has carried out the study about necessary space for both transportation systems in different phases so that both systems would be easily introduced without any hindrance in the near future.

Purpose of this study consists of;

- Proposing introducing space, station locations and structures, and countermeasure against obstacles if any, for tentative BRT system of Blue Line as short-time. - Proposing introducing space as elevated or underground, station locations and structures, transition section plan, terminal tower station, and countermeasure against obstacles if any, for LRT system of Blue Line

3. Study of Introducing Space for Blue Line

3.1 Introducing Space for BRT System during Short-term

3.1.1 BRT System of Blue Line as Short-Term

There are two major types of cross section design for BRT. One is to set the station at the center of the road, and another is at curb-side, which would determine the side of the door of BRT bus.

BRT buses of Green Line and Red Line run just through the dedicated lanes except for intersections. And station place is designed at a center of the road for the right door buses, as described in this report Vol. 2.

On the other hand, JICA Study Team proposes that tentative BRT system of Blue Line during short-term run in mixed traffic lanes and station place is set on curb-side for left-door buses. The major reasons for this selection are as follows;

- In case of the center station for the right door buses, pedestrian bridges would be necessary for access between both sidewalk and BRT station. However, pedestrian bridges would become obstructive to the space for LRT structure in the future. - In additional construction of high height platform would be required at each center station and removal of platform become also necessary before construction of LRT facility. - Jahangir Road and one-way sections in M.A.Jinnah Road are too narrow to construct the center station of BRT. But construction of the curb-side stations would be possible. - At the crossing section with KCR, Tentative BRT Blue Line should be designed as elevated structure because KCR is designed at grade. Then tentative BRT lane should be set up in the space of the Liaquatabad Flyover. Although there is no space of the center station, there still would be enough space of curb-side station by constructing elevated platforms at both side of the flyover. - In case of constructing mixed traffic lane and curb-side stations for tentative BRT, it is possible to make not only initial investment much smaller, but also use of existing buses effective.

Appendix 1 - 3 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

3.1.2 BRT route of Blue Line

Tentative BRT route and proposed station locations are shown in Figure A1-3-1 Station distance is set on every around 500 m.

Super Highway Rashid Minhas Road

Shah Jehan

Avenue Sohrab y

Goth a W

s s e r

Wn ater-pump p

a x st i E k a i P r e- a h- y a Ayesha Manzil L hr ha S r e v o y er l Riv F ri y Liaquatabad #10 Lya ilwa d r Ra a rcula b i Ci a ch t ara a K u q ia L d Dakahana oa R Business ity rs Recorder ve ni Street Teen Hati U

r i g n d a a h o a R Gurumadir J Mazar-e-Quaid

et tre S dy Jamia Cloth Market ee Pr

Regal Chowk Tower I.I.Chundrigar Road

Karachi Port Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-1 BRT Route and Station Location

3.1.3 Study of Introducing Space for Tentative BRT

(1) Sohrab Goth

BRT lane is designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-2

Appendix 1 - 4 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

Rashio Minhas Road

BRT Lane

BRT Lane m Sohrab Goth

0 Median . Median Median 6

Median Median Median

Shahrah-e- Shahrah-e-Pakistan 13.8 m 13.0 m 14.5 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-2 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line at Sohrab Goth

(2) Shahrah-e-Pakistan Road

BRT lanes are designed to be set at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-3

66.6 m 3.6 m 6.4 m 1.8 m 14.9 m 13.5 m 14.9 m 1.3 m 7.0 m 3.2 m

Service Service Road Road Sidewalk Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan Sidewalk BRT Lane BRT Lane Median

Median Median

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-3 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along Shahrah-e-Pakistan Road

(3) Cross section with KCR

BRT lane and stations are designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-4. Both BRT stations and platforms are designed as elevated structure at both side of flyover.

86.0 m

1.2 m 9.1 m 9.4 m 20.1 m 1.2 m 18.9 m 13.3 m 9.2 m 3.6 m Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan Liaquatabad Flyover Liaquatabad Flyover BRT Lane BRT Lane BRT Platform BRT Platform

Service Road Open Space Service Road Sidewalk Sidewalk

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-4 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line with KCR

Appendix 1 - 5 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

(4) Section along Liaquatabad Flyover

BRT lane and stations are designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-5. Both BRT station and platforms are designed as elevated structure at both side of flyover.

86.9 m

2.7 m 31.9 m 12.4 m 1.4 m 12.3 m 6.9 m 4.2 m 6.4 m 8.7 m

Service Road BRT Lane Shahrah-e-Pakistan BRT Lane Liaquatabad Flyover BRT Platform BRT Platform

Service Sidewalk Service Road Road Sidewalk Median

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-5 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along Liaquatabad Flyover

(5) Shahrah-e-Pakistan

BRT lane is designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-6

60.9 m

2.1 m 21.1 m 23.7m 3.0 m

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan

Sidewalk Sidewalk BRT Lane BRT Lane Median

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-6 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along Shahrah-e-Pakistan

(6) Lyari River Bridge

BRT lane is designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-7

Appendix 1 - 6 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

Lyari Express Highway

BRT Lane BRT Lane m

Lyari River Bridge 0 . Median 6

Sidewalk Sidewalk

2.4 m 13.3 m 3.1 m 16.5 m 2.0 m Shahrah-e-Pakistan 37.3 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-7 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line on Lyari River Bridge

(7) Cross Section of Jahangir Road

BRT lane is designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-8

Jahangir Road 23.1 m 2.4 m 8.3 m 8.5 m 3.3 m 0.6 m

Side Side walk walk

BRT Lane BRT Lane

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-8 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along Jahangir Road

(8) Cross section of M.A.Jinnah Road

BRT lane is designed at both sides in mixed traffic lanes as shown in Figure A1-3-9

Appendix 1 - 7 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

M.A.Jinnah Road 45.8 m

4.4 m 17.5 m 2.3 m 16.0m 5.6 m

BRT Lane BRT Lane

Sidewalk Sidewalk

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-9 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along M.A.Jinnah Road

(9) Cross Section of M.A.Jinnah Road (One-way section)

BRT lane and stations are designed mainly at east side in mixed traffic lanes and west side BRT would possibly be introduced as shown in Figure A1-3-10.

M.A.Jinnah Road （Oneway） 23.3 m 3.5 m 16.8 m 3.0 m

BRT Lane BRT Lane Side walk Side walk If possible to intoduce

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-10 Cross Section of BRT Blue Line along M.A.Jinnah Road (One-way section)

Appendix 1 - 8 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

3.2 Introducing Space for LRT Blue Line

3.2.1 Structure of Railway

(1) Rolling Stock

A car used for the Light Rail Transit (LRT) shall be the typical size of EMU (Electric Multiple Unit), of which length is around 20 meters, and the width is 3 meters. JICA Study Team proposes basic rolling stock gauge and structure gauge of the LRT car as shown in Figure A1-3-11.

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-11 Rolling Stock Gauge and Construction Gauge

(2) Design Criteria

Design criteria concerning decision against the introducing space for LRT is shown in Table A1-3-1

Table A1-3-1 Alignment Design Criteria No. Items Technical Features 1 Track Gauge 1,435 mm 2 Design Maximum Speed 90 – 110 km/h Main Line: R=160m 3 Minimum Curve Radius Platform: R=400m Siding / Depot: R=100m Outside platform: 35 ‰ 4 Maximum Gradient Platform : 2 ‰ Depot: Level Source: JICA Study Team

JICA Study Team assumed Six-cars train formation in this study. One set of six cars train requires 130m length of platform for both elevated and underground station.

Appendix 1 - 9 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

(3) Elevated Structure

1) Elevated structure section between stations Elevated LRT structure section between stations is designed as shown in Figure A1-3-12. Minimum width for introducing space of LRT lane would be 11.0m.

11.0 m 30 m

Ground level Ground level

Pile, if necessary Pile, if necessary

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-12 Elevated Structure of LRT

2) Elevated Station Section Necessary facilities for LRT elevated station such as platform, lifts, and station facility space would be designed as shown in Figure A1-3-13. Cross section of elevated station is shown in Figure A1-3-14, A1-3-15. Minimum width of elevated station would be 18-22 m and length of elevated station would be 130m.

Platform length 130 m Side type platform Double track Lift

Six-car train Stair & Escalator

Lift Free Concource Facility Paid Facility Spase Concource Space

Stair & Escalator Entrance & Exit Station length 130 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-13 Elevated Station Plan

Appendix 1 - 10 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

Station width 18-22 m

Platform Width 5.5-7.5m

Paid & FreeConcource Entrance & Exit

Ramp & Stair Roadway Mdeian Roadway

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-14 Elevated Station Supported by the Centre Pier

Station width 18-22 m

Platform Width 5.5-7.5m

Paid & FreeConcource Entrance & Exit

Ramp & Stair Roadway Median Roadway

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-15 Elevated Station Supported by the Rigid-frame

(4) Underground Structure

1) Tunnel between underground stations Figure A1-3-16 shows cross section of the tunnel between underground stations.

Sidewalk Sidewalk

φ7 m 7 m φ7 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-16 Cross Section of Shield Tunnel

Appendix 1 - 11 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

2) Standard Underground Station LRT facilities for underground station such as platform, lifts and other station facility would generally be designed as shown in Figure A1-3-17. Cross section of an underground station is shown in Figure A1-3-18. Minimum width of the underground station section would become 19-21m, and length would become 200m.

Free Concource Entrance & Exit Paid concourse

Station facility space Station facility space

Lift Stair & Escalator

Shield tunnel Station length 200 m Shield tunnel Lift

Facility Facility rooms rooms

Stair & Escalator Six-car train

Platform length 130 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-17 Underground Station Plan

Entrance & Exit Entrance & Exit m

8 1

h

B1 floor Paid & FreeConcource t p e d

n o i B2 floor t

Platform a t S

Station width 19-21 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-18 Cross section of Underground Station

3) Underground Station in case of narrow road In case of planning underground station under narrow road, two-stories platform type is recommended as shown in Figure A1-3-19. That cross section is shown in Figure A1-3-20. Minimum width of the station would become 12-14m, and length would become 200m.

Appendix 1 - 12 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

Free Concource Entrance & Exit Paid concourse

B1 floor Station facility space Station facility space

Lift Stair & Escalator

Shield tunnel Station length 200 m Shield tunnel Lift Facility Platform Facility B2 floor rooms rooms

Stair & Escalator Six-car train B3 floor Station Facility spaces

Facility Lift Platform Facility B4 floor rooms rooms

Stair & Escalator Six-car train

Platform length 130 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-19 Two-stories Platform Type of Underground Station

Entrance & Exit Entrance & Exit

Paid & B1 floor FreeConcource m

Platform 8

B2 floor 2

h t p

StationF e d B3 floor acility n

spaces o i t a t S Platform B4 floor

Station width 12-14 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-20 Cross section of Two-stories Platform Type of Underground Station

Appendix 1 - 13 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

3.2.2 LRT Blue Line Route

LRT route and proposed station locations are shown in Figure A1-3-21. Distance between stations is designed every about 1000 m.

Super Highway Rashid Minhas Road

Sohrab Goth y a W

s s

Water-pump e r

Shahrah-e-Jahangir n p ta x

is E

k i

a r P e- a h- y a L hr Ayesha Manzil ha S r e v o y r l ive F i R Liaquatabad #10 yar y d L ailwa a ar R b rcul a i Ci t ach a Kar u Dakahana q m ia 0 L d 0 a 6 o k Business Recorder R ty 8 Road si = er L v ni n Teen Hati U io t r c i e g S n d a a d h o n a R u Gurumadir J o r g r e Mazar-e-Quaid d n U et tre S Jamia Cloth Market dy ee Pr Legend Elevated Regal Chowk Underground Tower Elevated station I.I.Chundrigar Road Underground station

Karachi Port Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-21 LRT Route and Proposed Station Location

3.2.3 Introducing Space for LRT

(1) Sohrab Goth

Elevated LRT structure is designed over Sohrab Goth Flyover and height of platform near Sohrab Goth Intersection would be as high as 16.5m from the ground as shown in Figure A1-3-22. Station location would be designed at one side of Flyover.

Appendix 1 - 14 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

ROW 11.0 m m

0

. Rashio Minhas Road 6

m Sohrab Goth

0 Median . Median Median 6

Median Median Median

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan 13.8 m 13.0 m 14.5 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-22 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line at Sohrab Goth

(2) Shahrah-e-Pakistan (from Sohrab Goth to Karimabad colony old)

This section of Shahrah-e-Pakistan Road is very wide with service roads on both side and median strip. Median trip is enough wide to introduce LRT structure as shown in Figure A1-3-23.

66.6 m 3.6 m 6.4 m 1.8 m 14.9 m 13.5 m 14.9 m 1.3 m 7.0 m 3.2 m ROW 11.0 m

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Service Road Shahrah-e-Pakistan m

Service Sidewalk

Sidewalk 0 . Median Road 6

Median Median

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-23 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line of Shahrah-e-Pakistan

(3) Cross section with KCR

Open space is enough wide for elevated structure in KCR cross section as shown in Figure A1-3-24. However, Electric Pylon of KESC would become an obstacle against LRT route. This electric pylon should be relocated before construction of LRT.

Appendix 1 - 15 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

86 .0 m

1.2 m 9.1 m 9.4 m 20.1 m 1.2 m 18.9 m 13.3 m 9.2 m 3.6 m

ROW 11.0 m

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan Liaquatabad Flyover Liaquatabad Flyover m

0 . Service 6 Open Space Open Space Road Service Sidewalk Road

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-24 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line with KCR

(4) Section along Liaquatabad Flyover

Service road and median strip is enough wide to introduce LRT structure as shown in Figure A1-3-25.

86.9 m

2.7 m 31.9 m 12.4 m 1.4 m 12.3 m 6.9 m 4.2 m 6.4 m 8.7 m ROW 11.0 m

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Liaquatabad Flyover m

0 Service Service .

Sidewalk 6 Sidewalk Service Road Road Road Median

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-25 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line along Liaqutabad Flyover

(5) Shahrah-e-Pakistan (from Liaquatabad#10 to Lyari River)

Width of median strip is sufficiently enough for elevated LRT structure as shown in Figure A1-3-26.

60.9 m

2.1 m 21.1 m ROW 11.0 m 23.7m 3.0 m

Shahrah-e-Pakistan Shahrah-e-Pakistan m

0 .

Sidewalk 6 Median Sidewalk

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-26 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line along Shahrah-e-Pakistan

Appendix 1 - 16 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

(6) Cross Section at Lyari River

There is no space for elevated or underground station at Teen Hati due to narrow Jahangir Road. Transition section from elevated to underground would be located at the section between Dakahana Intersection and Lyari River as described in.3.2.4 in Appendix-2. As a result, underground structure would be adopted under Lyari River as shown in Figure A1-3-27.

Shahrah-e-Pakistan 37.3 m

Lyari Express Highway m

0 Sidewalk .

6 Median Sidewalk

Lyari River Bridge m

0 . 5 1

φ7 m 7 m φ7 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-27 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line at Lyari River

(7) Jahangir Road

Road width is narrow for Right of Way width, 130 ft (39.6 m). Cross section of underground tunnel is shown in Figure A1-3-28.

Jahangir Road 23.1 m 2.4 m 8.3 m 8.5 m 3.3 m 0.6 m

Side Side walk walk m

0 . 7

φ7 m 7 m φ7 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-28 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line under Jahangir Road

Appendix 1 - 17 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

(8) M.A.Jinnah Road

Cross section under M.A.Jinnah road is shown in Figure A1-3-29.

M.A.Jinnah Road 45.8 m

4.4 m 17.5 m 2.3 m 16.0m 5.6 m

Sidewalk Sidewalk m

0 . 7

φ7 m 7 m φ7 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-29 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line under M.A.Jinnah Road

(9) One way section in M.A.Jinnah Road

Cross section in one way section in M.A. Jinnah Road is shown in Figure A1-3-30.

M.A.Jinnah Road （Oneway） 23.3 m 3.5 m 16.8 m 3.0 m

Side Side walk walk m

0 . 7

φ7 m 7 m φ7 m

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-30 Cross Section of LRT Blue Line under one way section

Appendix 1 - 18 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

3.2.4 Transition Section between Elevated and Underground

Lyari Express Highway

Ja i h l an d g n A o a ir ti R ta f oa d S o d un a t o R gr l r de i n A U v

Shah l rah d -e-Pa e kistan e r U y a nd L S B er Teen Hati y gr a ou r nd i R W R ai iv lw S N e ay r 200 m Dakhana E 1 E 0 le 480 0 m v m ate d 500 2 Ra m 50 ilw m ay T Legend ra E ns mb itio an Elevated n S km ec en Underground tio t 2 n 5 50 0 m 0 m

Source: JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-31 Transition Section of LRT Blue Line

n io at st n d tio n a u n St ro ) io rg na t nd e a ta u nd kh S ro u a ed rg t D t e es at va nd ar le U e E 480 m (N Required minimum distance between station 1300 m

340 m 60 m 100 m Transition Section 500 m 130 m 250 m Lyari Express Highway U- shape tunnel Embankment Platform 250 m 250 m m

Dakhana Concourse 7 m

‰ 3 m 5 1

3 m m

6 6 6 m

3 m Lyari River 8 Concourse ‰ m 5 3 m 5

1 7 Platform m

7 φ 200 m Underground Railway Elevated Railway

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-32 Longitudinal Transition Section of LRT Blue Line

Appendix 1 - 19 Karachi Transportation Improvement Project Final Report

3.2.5 Terminal of LRT (Tower Station)

Karachi Port Trust

M.A.Jinnah Road

Turn-Back 230m Platform 130m Crossing 110m Tower Station 470m(Cut ＆Cover Method） Shield tunnel M.A.Jinnah Bridge

Source: JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-33 Terminal Station Plan (Tower Station)

Layout of track m

1 1

Turn-Back section 230 m Platform 130 m Crossing 110 m

Station 470 m ( by Cut & Cover Tunnel) Shield tunnel

Source: Illustrated by JICA Study Team Figure A1-3-34 Layout plan of Track Alignment at Terminal Station (Tower station)

Appendix 1 - 20