PARIS CLIMATE ACTION PLAN TOWARDS A CARBON NEUTRAL CITY AND 100% RENEWABLE ENERGIES An action plan For a fairer for 2030 Together and more and an ambition for climate inclusive city for 2050 Conceptualized by: City of Paris, Green Parks and Environment Urban Ecology Agency Designed by: EcoAct Published: May 2018, 2000 copies printed on 100% recycled paper EDITOS A RESILIENT CITY 02 54 THAT ENSURES A HIGH-QUALITY LIVING ENVIRONMENT PREAMBLE 56 Air Improving air quality for better health 05 6 Paris, 10 years of climate action 61 Fire 9 Towards carbon neutrality Strengthen solidarity and resilience 11 Creating a shared vision in response to heat waves 12 Zero local emissions 64 Earth 13 Relocation of production and innovation Biodiversity to benefit all parisians 13 Adaptation, resilience and social inclusion 67 ​Water 14 Three milestones, one urgent need A resource that needs protection for diversified uses A CARBON-NEUTRAL AND 18 100% RENEWABLE-ENERGY CITY A CITY THAT IS VIEWED 19 Energy 70 AS AN ECOSYSTEM Paris: a solar, 100% renewable-energy city 71 A successful energy transition and a key player in French renewables is a fair transition 25 Mobility 76 Mobilisation Paris, the city of shared, active Paris mobilises its citizens and stakeholders and clean transport 81 Governance of the low-carbon transition 34 Buildings A 100% eco-renovated Paris with A CITY THAT MATCHES low-carbon and positive-energy buildings 84 ITS MEANS TO ITS AMBITIONS 40 Urban planning 85 ​Finance A carbon-neutral, resilient A city that is preparing finance for the energy and pleasant city to inhabit transition 44 Waste 88 ​Carbon offsetting Towards zero non-recovered waste Paris fosters metropolitan cooperation and a circular economy in paris for climate action 49 Food 91 Advocacy Paris, a sustainable food city A city that speaks on behalf of cities 95 GLOSSARY Making Paris a carbon-neutral city © Jean-Baptiste Gurliat © Jean-Baptiste powered entirely by renewable energy by 2050. ANNE HIDALGO MAYOR OF PARIS limate Change is one of the greatest challenges from rich biodiversity to waste recycling. Paris engages in and mankind has ever faced. In this ongoing race against embraces all of them in order to pave the way for a resilient city Ctime, the cities of the world have a key role to play – respectful of its environment. both as pioneers and prescriber. This is the commitment that I undertake as Mayor of Paris As such in 2015 we, major world-cities united, pledged to tackle and C40 Chair, vis-à-vis occasional and lifelong Parisians. And climate change during the climate summit for local leaders bearing in mind that Paris belongs to a basin where diversity is at Paris City Hall, the new climate air and energy Plan of the enrichment, I am committed to creating local partnerships with city of Paris heralds a strong ambition making Paris a carbon- rural areas to promote the production of renewable energy neutral city powered entirely by renewable energy by 2050 at production and short food circuits. For energy transition is a the latest. To achieve this, it is crucial to involve all territorial tremendous opportunity to reinforce solidarity and reciprocity stakeholders - public and private entities, associations and among urban and rural dwellers. citizens. Such is the challenge if we want to meet the targets set in the Paris Agreement at COP21. Paris new climate plan will thus create the means of improving people’s lives, by better securing their health and well-being, Multiple tools are available to cities to accelerate ecological and providing them with new perspectives and particularly transition and reduce toxic emissions. There is a large array jobs. In doing so, it will fulfill Paris’ promise as a city that both of solutions from thermal rehabilitation of buildings to green breathes and inspires. financing, from soft mobility to sustainable food supply, 2 EDITOS // CÉLIA BLAUEL DEPUTY MAYOR IN CHARGE OF ENVIRONMENT, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, WATER, CANALS POLICY AND CLIMATE PLAN limate Change is already at work, taking a heavy To meet this objective we will have to be hard on ourselves toll on world population, especially on the most as we will need to divide our energy consumption by two, to Cvulnerable ones. While the COP 21 – the international drastically develop renewable energies, to renovate buildings, conference on climate change held in Paris in 2015 – contributed and to change the way we consume, eat and commute. We to raising collective awareness, the time has come now for us must show creativity and innovation at a technical and social to undertake actions, for this is the greatest challenge mankind level, and invent new jobs and new forms of solidarity. These has to face. ongoing changes provide us with an opportunity to build a more open and fairer city, bridging towards both urban and As an elected official, I am committed to improving people’s rural territories and the major cities of the world. daily lives; I feel it is my duty to present a new climate air and energy Plan to take up current and upcoming challenges. Developed with the Parisians and for them, involving the Embracing a vision of Paris as a carbon-neutral city powered driving forces of the territory and our neighbours, the Climate entirely by renewable energy by 2050 requires ambition, Action Plan invites everyone to commit fully to address climate inventiveness and boldness. With more than 500 actions change. We are all affected by this! Let’s act here, tomorrow, starting as early as today, the climate Plan paves the way together in favour of Climate. to achieving zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050, which implements the Paris Agreement. An opportunity to build a more open and fairer city. © Patrick Sordoillet © Patrick 3 Preamble THE CLIMATE IS CHANGING, THIS IS THE REALITY It is influencing our ecosystems, our cities and our lifestyles here in Paris and throughout the entire world. n 12 December 2015, during the 21st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP21), 195 States adopted the Paris Agreement, which sets out to Olimit the average rise in global temperatures to well below +2°C, and strives to limit the increase to +1.5°C. Thanks to an unprecedented mobilisation of civil society and States, this Agreement was reached and entered into force exceptionally quickly on 4 November 2016. The international community has sent out a strong signal to citizens, economic operators and members of civil society by setting the goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 and by defining the transition towards a more environmentally and climate-friendly way of life as a universally shared vision. Cities are dynamic ecosystems of our planet. They are already home to nearly 60% of the world’s population, generate the most dynamic economic activity and emit 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions. For the past ten years or so, thanks to their Climate Plans, cities have become the local leaders of the fight against climate disruption. At Paris City Hall on 4 December 2015, over 1,000 representatives of local governments signed the Paris Pledge for Action which encouraged States to adopt the Paris Agreement but, above all, committed them to cutting greenhouse gas emissions in their territories drastically (by 80%), to acquiring 100% renewable energy resources between now and 2050, and to improving the resilience of their cities to climate risks, now and in the future. © Jean-Baptiste Gurliat / Mairie de Paris © Jean-Baptiste // PREAMBLE PARIS, / Mairie de Paris © Henri Garat 10 YEARS OF CLIMATE ACTION Back in 2007, Paris n the last 10 years, the carbon footprint2 of the renovated or are in the process of being reno- adopted a proactive city has decreased by nearly 10%. This means vated, which reduces their energy consumption that the first key step has been made: the by over 30%. and ambitious increasingly steep curves of greenhouse gases I Launched in 2011, the public lighting renovation Climate Action Plan and atmospheric pollutants have been reversed programme aims to reduce energy consumption by the action taken by the City in the framework (Plan Climat) with in this sector by 30% with no decline in the of the first Climate Plans and Air Quality Plans. a view to reducing quality of the service provided. Since 2004, a 23% drop in energy consumption has been observed, greenhouse gas corresponding to 33 GWh or the equivalent of // AN EXEMPLARY LOCAL emissions in the long the energy consumption of the Greater Toulouse GOVERNMENT conurbation. This programme has already term. In this way, the enabled a 33% reduction in the greenhouse gas In 2004, the City of Paris began assessing the emissions from public lighting. City set a reduction impact of its activities in terms of greenhouse target of 75% between gases. In 2006, the Paris local government At the same time, the City of Paris has facilitated 2004 and 20501 and published its first greenhouse gas assessment, the installation of local renewable energy and which revealed the most highly emitting sectors: energy recovery facilities. Over a 10-year period, a short-term target public facilities (56%), public transport (20%) over 50,000m² of solar panels have been of 25% by 2020. and consumer goods (24%). All in all, in 2014, the installed in the Paris area, including flagship Paris local government’s emissions amounted projects such as the Halle Pajol (3,500m²), which to less than 2% of the carbon footprint of the is energy self-sufficient. Since 2015, municipal territory, at 262,000 tCO2/year. services have been powered by electricity generated from renewable sources. In 2007, an ambitious programme to renovate public property was implemented, starting with What we eat matters: French agriculture the renovation of Paris schools and heating accounts for over 20% of national greenhouse 1- Based on 2004 levels systems.