The American Legion Magazine [Volume 43, No. 6 (December 1947)]

Men like practical gifts. A Remington electric shaver is just about the most useful year-round gift you could select. Every man has to shave, and a Remington makes his shaving faster, easier, more comfortable, more convenient. Remember—nothing can outshave a Remington! The chief reasons for the Remington's outstanding performance are the speed of its powerful, durable AC-DC motor and the exclusive Blue Streak twin shaving head, which handles long and short hairs with jequal ease. Choose one of these three Remington models in a hand- some presentation case and you are sure to please him: The Remington Five (illustrated), The Remington Foursome, The Remington Triple—or the newest, latest Remington, the MORE REMINGTONS HAVE BEEN SOLD SINCE 1940 6V-110V Auto-Home shaver, which he can use both in his car ALL and at home. Remington prices start at $17.50. Remington THAN OTHER MAKES COMBINED Rand Inc., Electric Shaver Division, Bridgeport, Connecticut 5 HAVE DRY NO LATHER NO BLADES fit Time for Christmas By Major Henry Lee Somerville

It was December, 1943, less than a week to Christinas. We were stationed in Florida then, at Morrison Field, billeting and feeding the combat crews on their way to England. Lucky? Yes, and we knew it too. But even with Stateside duty, we didn't sing too many Christmas carols. Talking about home was like twisting a bayonet that was stuck through one's chest, but we always did it. You know how it was. Just before dark a transient came through bunting the first sergeant. M/Sgt. Charles (our First) was out, so I asked if I could help. "I heard the first sergeant is from California," said the stranger, so eagerly that the words tumbled over each other. "Is it true?" I nodded. "Los Angeles?" "That's right. You can catch him at the mess hall right now." The transient—he was a tech sergeant—headed for the mess hall. I should have gone to eat too. but somehow I wasn't hungry for that kind of food so close to Christmas. I could hear M/Sgt. Charles and this tech sergeant talking long before they reached the office. It seems they hadn't known each other in Los An- geles, but they had lived on the same street and had mutual friends. They talked fast until it was almost time for the B-24's to leave. We lis- tened to them for awhile, then we all started talking about Christmases at home. Every so often though, we'd hear the tech sergeant say wistfully, "God. I'd give anything to be in L. A. on Christmas Eve." At about 2200. we stood on the ramp and took a traditional poke at Cali-

fornia weather, comparing it favor- ably with the London fog he was scheduled to know for the duration. He laughed as he picked up his bags. "You Texans wouldn't know good weather if you were to see it," he called back to me. Then to all of us, or maybe to no one in particular: "God, I'd give anything to be in L. A. on Christmas Eve." We watched as his plane took off in its turn, cleared the field, and crashed. M/Sgt. Charles was detailed to take the body home. They pulled into Los Angeles on Christmas Eve. THE NATIONAL December, 1947 1 ;

THE AMERICAN

NO.ti

MAGAZINE DEC. 1947 I Please notify the Circulation Department. Publication Division, Po?t Office Box 105.5. Indianapolis, Indiana, it you have changed your address. Be sure to give your 1048 member>hip card number and both your new and your old address.

western office • 333 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago 1. Illinois editorial and advertisinc • One Park Avenue, New York 16, N. Y. EXECUTIVE AND administrative offices • Indianapolis 6, Indiana CONTENTS

Cover Photo By Charles Kerlee Der Fuehrer's Mechanical Toy (fiction) By William Ashley Anderson 1 A fable whose moral is that Hitler got the bird Breathing Time-How Long? By Wylhe Williams 14 A comparison between the bailed Nations and the League of Nations Vito's Private War By Ralph Major, Jr. 16 If you want to know who won WW2 fust ask this soldiers folks Report from Hollywood By R. Wilson Brown 19 A new look at the city the box-office built The Legion Plays Santa By P. H. D. Sheridan 20 The story of an Indiana town .which wholesales the Christmas spirit No Time to Spare By Tom Phillips 22 3 In any sport you have to figure the odds, but in bowling Fate steps in Power for Peace By James F. O'Neil 24 The National Commander reminds us that freedom lies in strength Women a la Mode By Joseph C. Keeley 25 Dame Fashion is one person a woman won't talk back to Lining 'Em Up By W. H. B. Smith 26 // you know a peep sight from an extractor, this is for you Veterans Benefits By Boyd B. Stutler 29 An up-to-date listing of what you have coming to you How to Be a Politician By Ted Crail 56 Grain Relief Before you get to be President or even Senator you'll start in your precinct No. 30 Bent Shape $7.50 Gifting the Man By Adolphe Menjou 78 What any well-dressed man would like to find in his Christmas stocking FEATURES KAYWOODIE The Editors' Corner 4 Last Report on Worms 54 Previews 6 Sports Varieties 69 bached by the reeord Sound Off 8 Parting Shots 80 of 96 years

Postmaster : Please send notices on form 3578 and copies returned under labels form 3579 to 777 N. Meridian St., Indianapolis The KAYWOODIE organization was estab- 6. Ind. lished in 1851. Generations of smokers have The American Legion Magazine is the official publication of The American Legion and is owned exclusively by The enjoyed relaxation and pleasure from our American Legion. Copyright 1947. Published monthly at 333 North Michigan Ave., Chicago 1, Illinois. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 110}, Act of Oct. 3, 1917, authorized Jan. 5, 1925. pipes, with advances in pipe-making tech- Price, single copy, 11 cents; yearly subscription, $1.25. Entered as second class matter Sept. 26, 1931, at the Post nique pioneered by KAYWOODIE. KAY- Office at Chicago. 111., under the Act of March 3. 1R"9.

Roland Cocrehan, Baton Rouge, La., Chairman of the Legion Publications Commission ; Robert W. Colflesh, Des WOODIES of 1947 provide greater pleasure Moines, Iowa, Vice-Chairman. Members of Commission: Jerry Owen, Oakland, Calif. ; Theodore Cogswell, Wash-

: Lawrence Hager, Owensboro, ; Frank Love. Syracuse, than ever. Made of imported briar, specially ington, D. C. Ky. C. N. Y. ; Earl L. Meyer. Alliance, Neb. Harry R. Allen, Brockton, Mass.; Paul B. Dague, Downingtown, Pa.; Turn W. McCaw. Dennison, Ohio; Harry selected and seasoned by us. Falls, Bcnoit, Twin Idaho ; James P. Hollers. San Antonio, Tex. ; T. H. McGovran, Charleston, W. Va. ; Ravmond

F. Gates, Rocky Hill. Conn. ; Max Slepin, Diexel Hill, Pa. : Roger Cole, Jasonville, Ind. Josephus Daniels, At dealers'. KAYWOODIE ; Jr.,

Raleigh. N. C. ; John Stelle, McLeansboro, 111. New York and Company, Director of Publications, James F. Barton, Indianapolis. Ind. ; Assistant to Director of Publications, Frank London. 630 Fifth Ave- Lisiecki.

Editor, Alexandei Gardiner ; Managing Editor, Boyd B. Stutler ; Executive Editor, Joseph C. Keeley ; Art Editor,

nue, New York 20, N.Y. Al Marshall ; Associate Editor, Robert B. Pitkin. Director of Advertising, Thomas O. Woolf; Eastern Advertising Manager, Russell Booklet on request. Holt; Western Advertising Manager, P. K. Babcock. The Editors cannot be responsible for unsolicited manuscripts unless return postage is enclosed. Names of charac- Copr. 1947 ter in our fiction and semi-hction articles that deal with types are fictitious. Use of the name of any person living or dead is pure coincidence. DRINKLESS KAYWOODIE $3.50

SUPER-GRAIN $5, RELIEF-GRAIN $7.50, FLAME-GRAIN $10. SILHOUETTE $10. MEERSCHAUM LINED $12.50 The American Legion Mrqazine CONNOISSEUR $15. NINETY-FIVER $20, CENTENNIAL $25. —

From where I sit 6y Joe Marsh

"It's Living at Counts"

/ stole the title of this column from a magazine article that said a whole diving tt Itot-Fitca lot better than I can what farm and This story started out as a joke on country life can mean. the Nips when my buddy and I were guests of the Imperial Japanese Army as prisoners of war for three and a We talk about farm products, pro- half years. duction, research, and mechanical im- It happened sometime in March,

1944. when we were leaving Manila on provements . . . but isn't it true, that a Jap transport. One morning we went what we really value is the life country topside to get our ration of tea—six

small buckets. This was also our water living offers us? . . . the chance to be ration. They wouldn't serve water un- real close to our families and neighbors less it was boiled or made into tea. had to We go on deck over to the . . . children sharing in the chores . . . galley where it was being boiled in a with at fifty-gallon drum with a siphon hose working our own hands a to put the tea in the buckets. As we worthwhile job. went up. the hose seemed to be plugged and two Nip K.P.'s were try- And country pleasures are simple: ing to find out what was wrong. In a typically stupid Japanese way one was good talk at day's end, and a glass of looking up the hose and the other was

blowing in it. mellow beer with friends . . . the com- Amused by their jabbering and wild panionship of man and wife, un-' movements, we decided to help them. Taking a kettle of water and pouring ruffled by distractions of the city . . . it into the hose, we motioned to one of the Japs to suck on the hose which he the tolerance of one another's tastes— still held in his hand. It was cleared in choosing a friend, or a glass of right away. Of course, the Nip was wet and burned since it was hot water. beer, or a candidate for Governor. But the other Jap thought it was funny and laughed so the other had to laugh Mind, I'm all for material improve- too. We thought this was very amusing ments. But from where I sit, the real so we plugged the hose ourselves and goodness of our country life is that called for help, thinking the same Jap K.P.'s would come over. But a spirit of tolerance, moderation, and big Nip sergeant came over instead. good fellowship. He motioned for us to pour the hot tea down the hose as he looked up the other end to see what was the matter. Well, the plug came right through. Seeing the hoax, the Nip slapped us around good. But not before he too had been burned. By Corporal James K. Johnson

December, 1947 Copyright, 19Jfl, Untied States Brewers Foundation Charles keri.ee did our cover this month. Kerlee is fat with photographic experience, having been through the Hollywood mill, done big-time advertising clickery, and served as a combat photographer in the Pacific with the Navy—aboard the Hornet and Yorktotvn, among other big ships. He has ground out one book on photography. Pictures With A Purpose, and supplied photos for others, including Dav Breaks For Our Carrier, It's To- morrow Out Here and Carrier Warfare. He has deserted Hollywood and now works out of New York.

The Xmas inflttenee The Christmas spirit pervades us. The bearded boy in Kerlee's cover is undoubtedly thinking of toys, and so are we. On page 11 we give you Der Fuehrer's Mechanical Toy, a modern fantasy (not too far from the truth in its spirit) of a familiar figure who wanted to be God, Napoleon, and (perhaps) Santa Clans, too, but who turned out to be less effective than your small son or nephew who, through faith and hints, will probably succeed this Xmas where Adolf Hitler failed. Author William Ashley Anderson claims he never has read Hans Christian Andersen's famous fairy tale. The Emperor's Nightingale, but we will bet someone read him that other Andersen's yarn of a toy nightingale back in his nursery days. Unlike Adolf Hitler, your typical Legion Post would rather give than receive. So we find on page 20 that the Legion Post in Santa Claus, Indiana, is taking over a duty that grew too great for Uncle Sam's genial postmaster there. In that town at least the Legion is Santa Claus.

Recipe for Jitters By mid-December Legion Posts all over the country will he deep in the current bowling season. Bowling has more participants and fewer spectators than any other big-time U. S. sport, for the probable reason that it is more fun to bowl than to watch bowling. In this

it is opposite pole of Kentucky Straight Whiskey • Bourbon or Rye • 100 Proof • National Distillers Prod. Corp., New York respect almost at the

4 The American Legion Magazine — general interest from baseball and football, where the doing is fun but the watching is sometimes more so. Not only does this apply to watching, but, as we have found, it is true of reading. A lot of baseball fans never saw a major league game, but they read about big-time baseball to the last statistic and final inch of type. Not so with bowling. It sometimes seems impossible to cook up anything that makes good reading on this sport that is indulged in by millions and millions. But we think No Time To Spare, by Tom Phillips, on page 22, is a dish that bowlers and non- bowlers will enjoy alike. Now you take a fellow who has eleven straight strikes. He needs just one more for a perfect score, see? OK. So he picks up his ball, takes a puff TURF TAN CALFSKIN from the wrong end of his cigar, and. . . . See page 22. for £faocl^oo6& Rhubarbs Somehow we always manage to have a con- FLEXIBLE SOLES troversy cooking. One started in these pages several months ago when we published Let's for @om£a%t Bring Back The Dowry, by Maynard Good Stoddard, suggesting not too seriously that DOUGLAS gals start paying for husbands. Our Sound Off editor is still up to his ears in enthusiastic FOR letters from male Legionnaires and verbal dynamite from the ladies about that one. He advises us that he will have to stop print- Expertly made of fine ing any more on that subject. hope the We calfskin and flexible-yet- ladies will recognize that Women A La Mode, rugged Soles, page 25, is simply the last word on the New Oak Bend Look, and explains, rather than attacks, the these Douglas "Style- positions of the gals in this particular issue. Leaders" are outstanding Meanwhile, as you will see in Sound Off in their (page 8), two hot subjects are still boiling. appearance . . . One is those worms, which are still with us will give you lasting and now auto horns are in the ascendancy. quality at a fair price! When we first got into the worm deal we little recked what we were doing. Now the mail is pouring in again, after our October Report on Worms in this column. More Legionnaires want information on worm-farming, and worm-farmers write to tell us the future of the worm-business is greater than The Hand of a anyone could imagine. Just this morning in Master Craftsman comes R. Wilson Brown, our Hollywood snoop, is behind this Style 8630 to tell us he's just been in Chapel Hill, North Trusted Trademark The CAVALIER Carolina, where the writer, James Street, is raising millions of living worms to be used instead of dead fertilizer on his farm. Street deliberately bought the poorest farm he could in the Chapel Hill area to prove that with worms he could make it the best. Cynics W. L. DOUGLASfSHOE CO., BROCKTON 15, MASS. abounded, Brown says, but now, in its second STOKES IN PRINCIPAL CITIES - year of the project, Street's farm is beginning COOD DEALERS EVERYWHERE to look greener, the hard glay loamier. On Page 54 we publish several sources of worm-forming information. in sound off you'll see the few letters we HOW WELL II FA DO could print on the auto-horn rhubarb. It all PICTURES DO YOU — n LHH a began when Legionnaire Joe Mehmert, a Cin- ACTION The American Veteran Is cinnati policeman, said in Sound Off that he ENTITLED TO was conducting a campaign to have autos OF YOUR OUTFIT made without horns. People have Now you can get the OFFI- THE BEST.... definite CIAL War Combat Photos of opinions on this subject. Everybody hates auto your own Outfit! You name the Army or Marine division and horns, it seems. But some feel you need them campaign, or Navy or Coast PARAVOX for Guard or Air Force assault. ONE-CASE • ONE-CORD emergency use. Others say that without We'll send you the on-the-spot horns there wouldn't be any emergencies, and OFFICIAL U.S. Battle Photos al that action! Show family HEARING AID imply that a man driving a hornless auto will and friends how YOU looked Pat. No. in combat. Set of twenty 4*x5* Brings to your ear, clearly, increased volume jolly well see that no your outfit's action photos only emergency ever occurs. of sounds. Dealers almost $2.98. A but It is NOT BOOK the ego of the power-possessed, horn- genuine glossy photos. SATIS- verywhere. Serviced in one BOOKLETS FACTION GUARANTEED minute. Up to 75% saving on mailed to owning driver which ever lets a car OR get so MONEY BACK. Send no money "A" batteries. One year you in close to a little child that he must be horn- now. Just pay postman $2.98 guarantee. Send for facts. ploin plus postage when you get your envelope blasted off Accepted hu c Council an Physical Medicine, the road, they say. R.B.P. sets. Official War Pictures, n Medical Atiociatibn. Dept. 012. Forest Hills, N. Y. FREE Write today! PARAPHONE HEARING AID, INC. December, Wht, 1947 c 20016 E. 4th St., CLEVELAND 15, OHIO Today S :

AMERICA'

QUALITY TRAILER COACH . .

NEW 1948

LUXE Here are the things being developed by manufacturers, inventors and scientists for better living now, next month or a

Many folks who own a Shoreland year or more from now. Tandem have discovered new joys in wintertime living! For this sturdy, quality trailer coach is de- SAFETY STEERING WHEEL... A new idea in auto signed no less for beauty and safety— device causes the utility than for pleasurable winter a which car to stop auto- comfort. All the modern facilities matically when the hand is taken from the wheel- for gracious living. has been patented by Verona M. De Wilde, of El ^SwK: Write for full color. 8-page folder Cajon, California. A semi-circular ring is mounted WuIj/J on all Streamlite models around the rim of the steering wheel. It is interrupted CHICAGO STREAMLITE CORPORATION across from driver by a helical tensioning spring, DIPT. 1L. N. W COINIM 37TH STICCT AT MINCCTON' CHICAGO 9 IU which draws terminals of wire together. Wires are connected to the ignition circuit. When grip on steering wheel is released, the ignition circuit is broken and the engine stops.

FOR THAT CRIME WAVE... A simple new burglar alarm which needs no batteries or wires and which will sell for $1.49 is being introduced by the Barton Engineering Co., of Detroit. Attached to any Paratroopers . . . ex-para- f|

troopers , sportsmen : : window frame, the spring-wound alarm is set off Here are your boots. For duty, for dress, or for hunt- when a plunger is pulled from it by the raising of ing, fishing, hiking and all the adjoining window. It can be quickly detached kinds of outdoor use. The famous soft, comfortable so that windows can be raised for ventilation with- and very rugged boots worn by ' paratroopers out setting off the alarm. during the war are now available in two styles

. . . one military, the

other, civilian . . . bochsimilarin con- LILLIPUTIAN FIRST-AIDER... A first-aid kit in a struction, design shape and size small enough to be carried around and high 'quality standards. with you all the time has been thought up by Ray- "ONLY" mond L. Watkins, of Paducah, Ky. Looking like a

pencil, it has an antiseptic chamber in one end and a roll of bandage in a chamber m in the opposite end. An applicator of spongy substance closes the open end of the All sizes reservoir and permits convenient application of the antiseptic while bandage is fed widths from through a slot having a cutting edge. A removable casing covers and seals both PPtlCE SUB,iCI IO CHANGE AA—EEE. without NOTICE Not Government Surplus Stock chambers. Paratroop Jump Boots The same boots worn by Paratroopers dur- ... A new air-powered tar- ing war. Comes in tan elk finish. FOR TARCETEERS get pistol built to gunsmith standards of Paratroop Hunting Boots ap- Same features as Paratroop Jump Boots, pearance and performance has been announced only made in heavy-oiled waterproof elk finish. by Crosman Arms Co., of Rochester, N. Y. CORCORAN INC STOUGHTON, MASS. Called the "Bullseye," the pistol is a single- Send pair of Paratroop Jump Boots shot weapon which shoots 177 caliber pellets. Hunting Boots Its development was worked out by Crosman Enclosed find check or money order_ technicians in co-operation with several lead- for $10.87. 1 will pay postage C.O.D. Name ing pistol marksmen. Overall length is 11 3/8 Address- inches with a barrel 8 3/8 inches. The pistol

The American Legion Magazine

Reeular shoe i has checkered tenite grips, the front sight is blade type and has an open, adjustable rear sight. All metal parts are blued.

BAD NEWS FOR BUGS... Recognizing that DDT is toxic to warm-blooded animals, REMINGTON chemists have been trying to develop more effective and safer insecticides. In the near relative of DDT, called methoxchlor, will be future it is expected that a made gener- "SHUR SHOT" ally available. Now being manufactured in limited quantities by the Du Pont Com- pany, methoxchlor is only 1/40 as toxic to animals as DDT, and is said to be superior to it for the control of flies and Mexican bean beetles, though not its equal in SHELLS NOW combating the coddling moth. HAVE THE NEW BOON FOR WEARY HOUSEWIVES... For people who don't like to stand over a pot and stir it, Robert E. Burns of New York has patented a self-stirring cooking utensil. FLAT-TOP The utensil is divided into two fluid-tight sections, an upper section in which the food is to be cooked and a lower steam chamber. When steam is generated pressure CRIMP forces a geared driving mechanism—a piston and cylin- der—to rotate a stirrer in the upper section of the utensil. Both temperature and rate of stirring may be regulated. The utensil, of course, is particularly useful in cooking things which need constant or intermittent stirring to prevent them from becoming scorched or lumpy.

MEALS PLUS KITCHEN COMFORT... Remember the old-time coal or wood-burning kitchen stoves which did double duty by heating as well as cooking? A streamlined version of this idea will soon be found in the Quality line made by Roberts & Mander Corp. It is a range combined with a thermostatically-controlled room heater. Known as the "All-Gas Kitchen Heating Range," the unit has four conventional burners for cooking, with the heater No more "holes" in shot pat terns built into the left side, where vents circulate the heat. for game to slip through! In Rem- ington Shur Shot shells with the new Flat-Top Crimp there is noth- DISAPPEARING LUNCH BOX... If you're the kind of person who likes to have a ing to obstruct the shot charge.

lunch box but isn't too keen about carrying it around for the world to see, you'll With power enough to get what thank Marcel Larin, of Quebec, Canada. He's come up with a folding lunch box. you go after, these red shells are

Made of stamped sheet metal or aluminum, when the box is not in use the top fits the right ticket for quail, rabbits, over inwardly folded sides to make a flat, solid body small enough to be carried in doves and other upland game. your coat pocket. Remington Shur Shot shells also have exclusive Kleanbore non-corrosive priming, corrugated bodies, progressive burning DOUBLE-DUTY MOTOR... A device which makes an out- pow- der and improved Wetproofing. board motor suitable for either boats or bicycles is the brain Remington Arms Company, Inc., child of Max Ashpes of Brooklyn, N. Y. When used with a Bridgeport 2, Conn. bicycle the motor is mounted on the handlebars, a roller on the drive shaft frictionally engaging one side of the tire on the front wheel. Some of the attachments remain permanently on the bike. Metal bands may be welded to the rim of the wheel for engagement with rollers to prevent wear on tires.

FISH UNDER VACUUM .. .There probably won't be much demand on the part of trout and bass fishermen for a device recently developed by the United States Rubber Company, but it should be important to commercial fishermen. It's a new vacuum hose which can unload a million fish from a boat in less than two hours. The hose sucks up the fish and speeds them to the storage bins. Remington. HOBBY THAT PAYS OFF... For handicrafters who would like to earn money with their output the Chicago Wheel & Manufacturing Co., makers of the Handee Tool, will soon bring out a plastic kit costing $6.95 which, they say, will produce approximately $60 worth of costume jewelry pieces. The kit consists "If It's Remington— It's Right!" of special drills, pieces of plastic, coloring dyes, cement and jewelry findings. J.C.K. Shur Shot, Kleonbore and Wetproof ore Reg. S. Pat. December, 1947 U. Off. by Remington Arms Company, Inc., Bridgeport 2, Conn. let's the horn, others and should certainly not be a "horn MeDermott's Error about it. . . . Yes, eliminate driver." But the total removal of a horn would Please confirm William F. MeDermott's it is not a necessity. Ernest Y. Stronc be much more dangerous than it may now be. st itement in Campus Caravans in the Septem- Pacoima, California Polly Bryant ber issue that "for two the GI (student) sub- Bell, California sistence is $90 a month, plus $10 for each

. . . My only hope is that some time in the child." I question the statement that addi- future it (abuse of auto horns) can be made . . . The argument is one-sided. The horn tional $10 allotments are made for children. an issue of national importance. is a safety device and has its uses, and people Palmer C. Holt, Sct. Harold W. McElroy don't buy autos for the horns on them. If Mr. Recruiting Publicity Bureau Pawtucket, Rhode Island Mehmert read that swell story of a boy and Governors Island, New York his dog in the October issue. The Hound

... I'd like to say that I wholeheartedly Called Honey, and imagined that dog as a pup, To Sgt. Holt and the many veteran students agree with Policeman Mehmert as to the and thought of that curious little pup trotting who also questioned Author McDermott's state- hornblowers of this country. . . . out on the highway and run over by a car and apologies. Mr. McDermott ment, thanks John W. Elliott that couldn't frighten him off the pavement scrambling two different laws—and erred, by Fresno, California with its horn, he would think of a case in your editors, who knew better, let the error slip point where the horn would be more than through. The Gl Bill Rights does not allow of Auto Horns: Keep 'em worthwhile. That story was fiction, but it was anything extra to veteran students for one or I hate auto horns. I use the horn very little as close to true life as it could be. Regarding more children. the entire suggestion for horns . . . but I once ran over a pedestrian. It's removing auto is tops a ver- Ninety dollars subsistence for awful! They just dash out in front of you I think like this: Someone has rocks in his non-veteran ivife under the eran student and without looking at all. The horn says, "Look head. regardless offspring. McDermott Gl Bill, of out!" Let's keep it saying that. I've never Sct. G. E. Larimore, USMC 16 in with the mixed a little of Public Law heard of a horn killing anybody, and one life U. S. Naval Hospital law, with reference only to Gl Bill. Under that is worth a lot of annoyance. Quantico, Va. which the disabled, there are conditions under George P. Griffith the standard subsistence may be increased. Birmingham, Alabama Legion Housing Stand Editors I feel the American Legion will lose the There are two sides to every story. What respect and confidence of many vets for op- Auto Horns: Away With 'em about the horn's advantages? Most any man posing the Wagner-Ellender-Taft Bill at our has at one time witnessed a near accident last convention. Often I hear criticism that our Regarding the suggestion by Cincinnati Po- that would have been otherwise had it not organization is tied up with the large real liceman Joseph Mehmert in October Sound Off been for use of the horn. ... I would rather estate interests. ... I, for one, cannot see any that all automobiles should be made hornless hear a nerve-shattering blast in my ear than other way to solve this sharp housing problem let me say this: have a broken neck. Horns are sometimes a except through public housing. . . . These It lias been my contention for many years nuisance, but so are funerals. thoughts may not agree with those of the that if the auto horn were abolished our acci- P. W. Younc editors of our magazine, but I hope you will total would take a drop that would shock dent Mobile, Alabama print this letter. I would be will- even our safety organizations. A. W. ing to bet that in at least one fourth of our Just noticed Joseph Mehmert's letter. Abuse El Dorado, Kansas motor accidents, if the motorist had gone for of horns is one of my pet peeves. A horn his brakes instead of his horn the accident driver is either a bum driver with poor brakes We do print it. A. W.'s criticism is a com- horn-habit has could have been avoided. The mon one. In next month's American Legion who . . . wants everybody to get out of his become so strong in some of our motorists that way, or he's an egotistical fathead with a su- Magazine, Clarence Woodbury, who has made for their brakes when they will not even go so fine reports to veterans in these pages, periority complex. . . . I'm in favor of a fine many livestock and wild game appear on the high- for blowing a horn in city limits. will tell the whole story of the Legion's stand accidents caused by- way. I've seen several Al Thomas on housing. Will A. W. and the many other drivers assuming an animal understood an Oakland, California Legionaires ivho ask the same questions hold auto horn. off until they have read Woodbury's account? with a young fellow one day I was riding NO! Don't do that. Have you ever thought It's a hot subject and a lot of half-truths have the horn habit so bad that as we who had of a little child so intent at play that he does been told about it. Editors curve on a mountain road were rounding a not hear an approaching car? Children are we saw that a large boulder had slid from a Those Again . Worms often thoughtless . . and if you didn't have in the middle of the road. hillside and lodged that horn to get them out of the street there How can I write for the book. Our Friend man's reactions were immediate. The young would be many more little lives gone. I admit The Earthworm, mentioned in October Edi- for the horn. He went the horn is a nuisance sometimes, just as tors' Corner? If the horn were removed from all cars I Joseph W. Mehmert says, but a thousand W. R. L. drivers would believe that in a very short time honks don't matter when one saves the life of Richmond, Va. to go for the brakes in the first place learn a child. . . . blast their way to safety dollar for to to instead of trying to A horn is necessary in the right place at I enclose a you forward with the horn. the right time. Frank O'Brien for Our Friend The Earthworm. W. A. Smith D. B. You didn't give his address in October, and I Cedaredge, Colorado Sherman, Texas don't have a copy of the June issue. R. W. S. in Valdosta, Georgia I heartily agree with Mr. Mehmert that You asked for opinion the October issue horns should be eliminated. Too many use on total removal of auto horns. . . . Without I'd like more information on the subject of their horns instead of their brakes. ... I the use of a horn driving would be very dan- earthworms. Report on Worms in have a horn on my car but I hardly know gerous. Every driver should be considerate of Your Octo-

8 • The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 .

play cards agree... Men who 9 1 #0

IN POKER™

the odds are against you

if you attempt to fill an inside straight.

IN BLACKJACK-

with a hand like this it's safer to stand pat — not draw another card.

BICYCLE is the Cardplayer's Card

In the Service most of the cards you used were famous Bicycle

quality. And everywhere today, first choice of men who play

cards is Bicycle . . . the long-life cards ihat are life-long favorites.

THE UNITED STATES PLAYING CARD COMPANY • MAKERS OF BICYCLE AND CONGRESS CARDS • CINCINNATI 12, OHIO ber was very interesting, and I know just how See page 54 this issue jor our last word on and we salute all the boys who voluntarily go scarce worms are in this section of the country. worm farming. Editors into the Army in peacetime to help strengthen

W. J. R. America. Editors Augusta, Georgia No Creampuf fs We were looking through the magazine the Bouquets I note in the October issue the mention of other day and saw a cartoon (page 46. Sep- I have read with great interest the article worm-farming. Here s more information for tember issue) on UMT-ees saluting vets who Why Hire Disabled Vets? by Jack Sher the readers. Dr. Thomas W. Darrett of Roscoe, are now civilians. This is very silly. It makes ( October) California, has published a book entitled Earth it all the harder on fellows that were in the From one who operates behind "the firing Worms, showing how they may be intensively first cycle and the fellows that are in the line," permit me to say it vividly and honestly propagated in boxes. It sells for a dollar. ... I second cycle right now. UMT-ees are the joke sets forth the problems encountered by both was also interested in Why Hire Disabled of the Army and it makes it twice as hard on the handicapped worker and the agencies work- Vets? Can you help our small machinery com- them to hold up their heads when they go ing in his behalf. pany find such disabled veterans as we might home or anywhere on post. . . . We know from The Sher article should find its way to the be able to hire?

being in the first company in the first cycle. . . . desks of all congressmen, and to those few R. F. Deane We never did go for the creampuff stories that apathetic individuals in government, labor and Los Angeles were put out on us. and the stories about being management who can't seem to realize that Your Report on Warms prompted me to lucked into bed by some nice sergeant were "it's ability, not disability that counts." write. ... I am a Legionnaire and it is my the bunk. A. L. Beier sole desire to help any comrade help himself. Steve Getchoff Wisconsin Industrial Commission We have complete information on the raising Hank McCracken Madison, Wisconsin and propagati™ of earthworms and we are 3rd Armored Division able to supply them in any numbers. . . . There Fort Knox, Kentucky Congratulations on two splendid articles in is no reason why any veteran cannot make the September and October issues. Mad from fifty to a hundred dollars a week selling That was no UMT-ee, that was a bald- Maestro of Football gave the reader a very / worms for bait if he is anywhere near a fishing headed W or!d War I Legionnaire who got the vivid description of who, in my opinion, is the spot. saluting habit drilled into him so thoroughly best foohall mind in the country, Frank Leahy. While we cannot afford to send our pamph- that he still salutes twenty years after. The Paul Gardner gave an excellent report on let and letter free of charge, we will send point of the cartoon was that although what Leahy. them both to any veteran enclosing 25c in he did seemed silly, it made the other guy The second article I enjoyed no end was coin to cover cost of printing and first class feel good. How to Play Center and Like It, by Gene mailing. We will send both to all inquiries The cartoonist took the liberty of putting an Ward. I agree with Ward that Chet Gladchuck just as rapidly as we can address the envelopes. UMT badge on him to show what a loyal is tops an any gridiron. Everyone in our family George H. Ross Legionnaire he is. The Legion is 100% for enjoys the Legion magazine from cover to El Sobrante Earthworm Farm UMT, and this guy was advertising it. UMT cover. 749 Rincon Road is not funny to the Legion, nor are UMT-ees. Patrick Cox EI Sobrante, California We are all for UMT and all for UMT-ees, Buffalo, New York

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 9 We're adc" ££Z every day

that's real ^ boasting greSS yet r bu t we're te, stiU deIayed ^ones. Some calls ^ We can tell you h °" OUr way that to that T^' ^'re

andof -h peed ~ursewith , accur : ;c; 8£u r"""°^ •»»« Der Fuehrer's Mechanical Toy

A tale about how German scientists AMASS of I. G. Farben and Krupp records now being proc- essed by the Office of Technical Services of the Department slowed down Hitler's mighty war of Commerce contains numerous baffling references to a night-

ingale. When these first came to attention it seemed obvious that machine to give him the bird nightingale was code for some sinister and complicated Nazi project. Cryptographers were set to work to decipher it. They

got exactly nowhere. Since, however, it was possible that some By WILLIAM A. ANDERSON extremely significant facts were being concealed behind the

11 bolic in the premeditated conquest of They landed on the field at Potsdam, his small state, the hierarchy of Nazism where an immense guard of honor was determined to bring him in person to assembled to meet them. Goebbels and Germany and put on a resplendent show Himmler had outdone themselves; for that would bedazzle and frighten him Ibn David had been brought there, not with the wealth and terrible power of the so much as a potential political and New Germanic Order. military ally, but as a symbol of a way Ibn David was flown from his moun- of life whose capitulation to Germanic tain kingdom, from his austere capital philosophy and kultur would cause re- where the black cypresses have stood percussions round the world. like sentinels for five hundred years, Of course Ibn David realized this. But where the blind muezzins still call when he also knew that when Nazi plenipoten- the pale morning light touches the lifted tiaries first came to his capital, Fate

fingers of the minarets: "Illa-Illahi . . . itself was knocking at his door and there There is no god but God!"—and where, was no earthly ally to whom he could Von Brauchitsch protested he could get above all, the nightingales sing to the turn for help. Russians for Der Fuehrer, but not birds low-hung stars from the shadows of the The heavy boots of the marching word, the data, which consisted of an chenar trees. brigades pounded upon his temples. His unbelievable melange of weird formulas, Ibn David was transported direct to head ached with the grinding roar of the diagrams, furiously incoherent memo- Berlin in a Heinkel bomber. Leaving jerking tanks. He cast his eyes down- randa, auditors' listings of large expend- after evening prayers from the gravelly ward with weary neck from sight of the itures, and holographic notations by plain of a mountain saddle, he went screaming, spitting monsters in the sky. Goering, Goebbels and even Hitler him- roaring through the darkness, feeling a He caught his breath sharply at the snarl self, were passed on to the State Depart- little nauseated as they bumped over the and roar of guns. The hoarse heils of ment for examination. Balkans, but far more nauseated when the vast crowds had the hollow mechani- At first State felt that recent revela- his hosts demonstrated the destructive- cal roar of subterraneous sand grinding tions of the employment of cuckoos and ness of a bomb by dropping one on a deep beneath a desert dune. Goebbels storks in espionage activities, offered a sleeping hamlet that suddenly burst open and Himmler both sensed that the man clue to the purpose of the nightingale. like the petals of a white lotus splashed was not impressed. Yet it was most However, this led nowhere either, except with blood. Ibn David closed his eyes at urgent that he be impressed—that he to the discovery that while the nightin- this and his fingers caressed the holy explode with spontaneous enthusiasm for gale was indeed a bird and not a code, it beads at his waist; but when he opened the great accomplishments of the Third was a mechanical bird. his eyes again he was composed. Reich. But why, in heaven's name, a mechani- He examined the cabin with under- Reich Marshal Goering tendered him

cal nightingale? standing eyes; for he had seen to it that the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with The amazing and somewhat ridiculous his mountains had not shut out knowl- oak leaves and swords in diamonds, Ger- facts were gradually unfolded by agents edge of the modern world. The mullahs many's highest decoration for bravery. from Hollywood who were digging into With a serene smile Ibn David passed it OSS records for cloak-and-dagger ma- on to his Vizier who, resplendent in a terial. Curiously enough the whole story silk turban braided with seed pearls and might have been broadcast throughout tufted with an aigrette, was more than the United States at its dramatic climax a match for Goering. The Vizier fas-

if it had not been for unintentional cen- tened the decoration delightedly to his sorship for which ASCAP and Mr. vast chest as Ibn David explained: Petrillo are partly accountable. "It would be most unbecoming for It all happened before the United me to wear it. I am but a simple man States became involved in the war, at the with very simple tastes." time when Hitler was rapidly expanding "But this is for braverv!" protested his empire by panicking his neighbors Goering, unable to conceal his im- into becoming satellite allies. As always, patience.

the Germans were particularly anxious "Then naturally it belongs to my good to establish themselves in the Near East, Vizier. He is my well of courage just as from which point they could tear out the you, no doubt, are a well of courage for Von Papen's sly methods were no vitals of the British Empire. The key to your Fuehrer. Personally, I am a very help at all with the wily Vizier this problem was Sultan Ibn David, diffident man. easily frightened." whose personal holiness and unshakable of his kingdom were wise men, neither "This is not co-operation!" snarled integrity exerted a tremendous influ- bigots nor pedants. So as he studied the Goebbels, aside, with uplifted fingers and ence over the Moslem world, though his interior of the plane he thought: This twisted face. own ancient mountain-buttressed nation machine, built of metals, has nerves and Ribbentrop then tried to overcome was relatively small. arteries through which flow essential oils Ibn David with astonishing food, wine Sultan Ibn David was an enigma to that once lived in neolithic vegetables. and women, both real and ersatz. The the entire entourage of the Ruler of the They have succeeded in .putting life into Vizier was delighted and lustily partook Third Reich. Because he was an enigma, the machine—but the soul is still the of all—food, wine and women. But Ibn and because there was something sym- soul of a dark world. David drank (Continued on page 60) 12 13 —

Breathing Time-How Long?

We Americans must support the United Nations whole-

heartedly, but here are some things about it we'd like to see changed

By WYTHE WILLIAMS

WAS a spectator at the birth of I the old League of Nations, having been a press representative in 1919 at the Peace Conference which

brought it into being. For twenty years I

watched its operations, some effective, more

of them futile, and I may say that I saw the League

die, for when it failed to implement the sanctions

which it invoked against Italy on the invasion of

Ethiopia it fell into a sleeping sickness from which it never recovered. The United Nations, successor to the League, is a lusty baby of two and a half years which carries the hopes of good men everywhere for that "peace in our time" which had a cruel, mocking sound even as Chamberlain uttered the phrase on his return from the appeasement at Munich. The U. N. offers the world its one opportunity for breathing time. If we who lived through the last two great wars, who saw the high hopes of the League dashed to pieces by international greed and stupidity haven't learned our lesson, that

time will be short. But if we nations and peoples play well the cards in our possession we may make the United Nations an actual Parliament of Man and really usher in the Golden Age.

I do not possess a magic wand and I don't claim to have the philosopher's stone which will guarantee peace. But hindsight—which has its practical uses tells me that the two great failures of the old League

the Ethiopian Affair of 1935-'36 I have mentioned and the Manchurian Incident four years earlier—-more than anything else caused the collapse of the world organization and set the stage for World War Two. We of the United States in particular must take those lessons to heart. We must make certain that our U. N. representatives are a tough-minded, determined lot, ready to hear all sides of a question, but insistent

that once a decision is taken that decision be binding on all member nations. And until the U. N. has adopted some sort of military scheme, such as the Quota Plan " recommended by The American Legion, we and the other democracies must not let down our guard. America cannot but remain strong in the air, and

•Developed in detail in booklet Twice Is Too Often! distributed to Departments and Posts late last sprint;. Once a UN decision is made it should Under present conditions we must keep be binding on all member nations abreast of weapons development

we must make certain that we are in the forefront of weapons development, for our own sake and for that of the United Nations. A democracy which shows it has the ability to inflict swift, sure punishment on would-be aggressors is a tremendous force for peace, for it becomes a rallying point for other peace-loving nations. Such a power, sure of itself and of the essential correctness of its position, would have kept the o'd League of Nations from deteriorating into a mere debating society. Alas, there was no such nation! It was all to the good that the U. N. Security Coun- cil's cease-fire order of last summer to the Dutch and Indonesian forces was obeyed by both sides. Once the

U. N. invokes its authority there must be no retreat. The atomic bombs which fell on Hiroshima and Naga- saki in August, 1945, were no doubt the compelling factor in the grant of this authority by the member states two months later. That and the memory of the old League's two great failures. It is worth while, then, to hark back to 1932, when the American Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson lost

the battle which he had put up to have the League fit should be remembered that the United States was not a member) declare the Japanese aggressors in their Manchurian adventure. Stimson asked the League to demand that the Japanese quit the Chinese province which they had overrun. But Britain through her representative at Geneva refused to support Stimson, and the other powers played along with her, allowing the Japs to consolidate their gains and extend their sway. The villain in that by-play was Sir John Simon, For- eign Secretary in Ramsay MacDonald's Labor Gov- We'll be ready to furnish our quota ernment. (Continued on page 68) an international police force His vivid imagination and

"he co-operation of his buddies helped Vito convince his Ma that her son was one of the great heroes of the war

By RALPH H. MAJOR, Jr.'

Force WHEN I REPORTED to Allied Headquarters in Algiers in 1943, one of my first duties was to censor mail in our section. Now. mail censors came in for a good deal of panning during the war. Sol- diers claimed the officer-censors pawed disrespectfully over their love letters and even, on occasion, laughed about them with other officers. Actually the job was dull and humorless. Once in a blue moon, however, there whipped past a censor's tired eyes a comet-like breath of pathos or comedy. One day that happened to me. After weeks of reading and rubber-stamping innocuous letters, T noted a new handwriting in my voluminous mail. My new customer was an Italian-American boy I shall call Vito. I didn't know him but I had heard he (Cont. on page 76)

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Barbara braced her feet and let go with a terrific right to Flynn's cheek. 'Ooh, what a wallop!" exclaimed Flj rm, rubbing his face. 'Good," said Godfrey. Oka) for me," said the cameraman. "No good." said the soundman. "It sounded like a paper bag being popped. Miss Stanwyck

in a s t have cupped her hand

Some inside information about parls. About the British invasion, he claims Americans want American pic- the shows coming to your tures because they find British pictures neighborhood theater next hard to understand, but says the exhibi- tor would be better olf to run a good week or next month, and the British picture than a poor American people who make them one.

Shv Slapped His F««-t» Hut Hard By R. WILSON BROWN If you see Cry Wolf, you'll see Bar- bara Stanwyck slap Errol Flynn a whop- THE current batch of pictures being IF Ev-Coasl Guardsman (>ig Yoini, : appears released is "the best the geniuses of with Eleanor Parker in Escape Me Sever Hollywood can do, we would be better off witbout the geniuses." That is the feeling of Harry Brandt, president of the Independent Theatre Owners Associa- tion, who owns 110 theatres of his own. He told the Independent Motion Picture Producers Association that with Holly- wood spending more money than ever before in making pictures, his theatres have had to show the worst pictures he has seen since he has been in business. "The best thing thai could happen to Hollywood," he says, "would be the elimination of a lot of so-called stars." He claims that too many stars are over- rated players built up during tbe war to replace people who were in the services. He suggests the industry forget about stars and pick good players for ihe right

Some new Disney characters make their dehnl in Fiiii and Fancy Free

liing Crosby lake* the pari of a phonograph salesman (not for I'hileo) in Paramount's 77ie Emperor H altz

pin' good w h a c k too much. We'll have to do it over." Watching the filming "Once more," called Godfrey. "And

of the scene, this is the use the flat of your hand this time,

conversation I picked Barbara." "Please do," said Flynn, "and could

"Really let him have I use my other cheek?"

it the first time, and we won't have to make a The ValvHtimt Wustwy lot of takes," said Di- Although Edward Small's forthcom- rector Peter Godfrey. ing The Life of \C.otit. on page 71)

19 a Legion Plays Santa

Santa Claus, Indiana, was

bom on Christmas Eve and has become

famous for keeping alive the spirit of

the Yuletide. In this work Post 242

plays the leading part

By P. H. D. SHERIDAN

Like something out of a story hook, Candy Castle is a landmark in this unique town

THE dream of every little boy and girl father moved his family to Hoosier soil, waited impatiently for word from Wash- is to visit "where Santa Claus lives." a small group of early settlers migrated ington. Time was when parents shunted off their to the hills of Southern Indiana, there On Christmas Eve the news came. suggestions, because of course it was all to build a village which they named Folks crowded around to see what the make-believe. Santa Fe. letter contained. But the news was dis-

Today, however, it's a reality. For at As was true of most villages in the appointing. The Post Office Department Santa Claus, Indiana, living right in a expanding West, there was nothing re- had declared that, since there was al-

fairy toyland, is as fat and jolly a Santa markable about Santa Fe. The little ready one Santa Fe post office in Indi-

I laus as one could wish for. He's none community had been growing, each year ana, this one would have to be requested other than Jim Yellig, Commander of adding a few more families and cabins. under a different name. Post 212. The American Legion, who Then one day in 1855, some of the Determined to get their post office just nut only "plays Santa" all the year more ambitious settlers decided that the as quickly as possible, the citizens of 'round, but also answers the multitude of village should have a post office. An Santa Fe decided to discuss the matter letters addressed to that jolly old gentle- application was made and the folks of that very night—Christinas Eve. It was man. Santa Fe hoped to hear from Uncle Sam then the custom for the folks to gather How an American Legion Post hap- before Christmas of that year. Every- in the building which served as a church pens to play Santa is something that body was greatly excited at the thought and celebrate the advent of another could happen only in these United of going to the new post office to get Christmas. The tree had been garlanded States, \ears before Abraham Lincoln's their letters and Christmas gifts. They with red berries and glistening while 10 popcorn. Dangling from the trees were knitted stockings and mittens, carved wood toys, rag dolls and other home- made gifts. Inside the building there was merri- ment and laughter. The Christmas spirit filled their simple hearts and it was a joyous observ- ance. The youngsters played games which were so popular at Christmas- time: Hoodman's Blind, Shoe the Wild Mare. Steal the White Loaf, Bob Apple, and Snap Dragon. The older folk gathered about the high fireplace and talked of many things, but principally of the new post office. Suddenly the door flew open and in barged the village Santa Claus, stopping on his rounds about the town. Immedi- ately somebody suggested "Santa Claus" as a name for the village and the choice was unanimous. Again the villagers requested a post office—this time, in the name of Santa Claus. and it was granted in 1856. For years the village drowsed beside a rutty highway. Then in 1907 Miss Elizabeth Phillips, of Philadelphia, Pa., prevailed upon President Theodore Roosevelt to order the United States Post Office to give all "Dear Santa Claus'' letters, stamped or otherwise, which normally would go to the Dead Letter To the kids he's Simla Claus. To grown u |j< he's Jim Yellig, C>>o>mander of

Posl 242. Below: Letterhead used in ariswe ring ! he Office, to charitable organizations will- thousands of Setters from voiing-ltrs ing to answer them. Thereafter, the beloved Jim Martin, who died in 1935, was postmaster in the town for 30 years. Every year he received hundreds of letters from children writing to "Dear Santa Claus." Mail clerks throughout {Cont. on page 67)

Weeks before Christinas the mail -tarts pouring in and the Post goes into action

21 " ipp'le" bowlers eraek earlier

No Time to Spare

When a bowler needs THE late Charley Daw. one of the death, lined up strike after strike on his greatest bowlers of all time, was bowl- score sheet. In the 10th frame Charley's alley Allis, Wisconsin, sheet an unbroken line of X's, and one strike for a perfect ing at an in West bore one night in 1937. He had chalked up a ladv turned to the bearded character one perfect game, then rolled a 201. and and gushed: score, the tensest moment was working on his second 300 when an "Goodness, isn't he a wonderful elderly, whiskered gentleman joined the bowler?" in sports has arrived awestruck crowd behind him. The old fellow shifted his tobacco to The old gentleman watched as Charley, the other side of his mouth. "I don't By TOM PHILLIPS a former national match champion who know, lady," he said laconically. "I ain't rolled five perfect games before his seen him make a spare yet."

22 !

fate occasionally intervenes to make it even more difficult, but some bowlers seem equal to any challenge. The secretary of the American Bowling Con- gress, E. H. Baumgarten, and Frank Baker, his assistant secretary, both rolled 300's before they were hired. Baumgarten got his the hard way. Driv- ing to the alleys that night he wrapped his car around a telephone pole and

demolished it. He crawled out, hailed a cab, reached the alleys in time to bowl and rolled a 300 game. In Detroit, back in 1942, Leo DeMare ©1946. R. H. Watson lined up 11 strikes in a row, and then the alley in a high-speed flash study) Even a perfect pocket hit (shown here elea inng took one last puff on his cigar before the eight ten pins still standing may leave a howler with a "strike-split' , and picking up his ball for the final roll. The Few bowling spectators would remain It begins to get him. "Three more balls uncomfortable fact that he took the drai as unimpressed by perfection as did like that and I'm in," he tells himself. from the lighted end of the cigar didn't that old man, for perfect games in bowl- "Can I do it? They've got to be just stop him from getting his 300. ing are rare, indeed, and only four men right, or I'm all done. All those people Perhaps the toughest 300 of all was in official bowling history have rolled watching. Gotta be careful, now." rolled in 1934, at a bowling alley in Buf- two of them in the same series. Up to Instead of relaxing, he becomes tense. falo, New York. The members of the the present season, 3,355 perfect games Nobody can help him, and he must Gennessee Business House League were had been completed in sanctioned league worry not only about the next ball, but nearing the end of their third game when competition. During the 1945-46 season, the next one, and the one after that. an electric power failure plunged the only one perfect game appeared in each Brother, that takes real self control alleys into darkness. The bowlers 675.000 competitive games bowled. Tough as it is to roll a perfect game, groused good- (Continued on page 65) This scarcity exists because the perfect game is an unparalleled exhibition of skill, nerve and self control. Twelve times in succession the bowler must hook his ball precisely into the 1-3 pocket, and topple every pin. He may escape with a few less perfect hits and some luck, but

probably no other - sport subjects the participant to greater tension in achieving perfection. The golfer who shoots a hole-in-one steps out on the tee and swings his club in the hope that he will make a long, true drive. If he finds his ball rest-

ing in the cup, it is pure chance, with no preliminary worrying, and only pleasant excitement when he discovers what he has done. The baseball pitcher, trying for a no-hit game, can throw many wild balls, and can count on eight teammates to help him out if he tosses one that is a bit too good. His skill may fail him a dozen times in a game, without depriving him of his chance for glory. The bowler, striving for perfection, fights his battle alone, and every ball

must count. About the seventh frame, if he sees a string of strikes on his score

sheet, he begins to wonder if this might be the time. He throws another one, taking just a little more care, and ten pins clatter into the pit. He licks his lips, waits while his four teammates take then- turns, and tries not to hear the excited comments of the crowd behind him. Hank Marino, of Milwaukee, who has weat hered the jitters so often he holds the record Then he rolls another strike. of ten official 300 games, shows a coming eneration how to lay down a working hall

23 Our BX-36, world's roost powerful bomber, capable of dropping atom bombs on any major objective in

the world and returning to a I .S. base without refueling

OM PARE these two sen- pressed by our convention c tences: The hope of world was a thought and purpose peace lies in a strong United Power for Peace of achieving and maintaining Slates of America. The hope peace. Every one of you, my of world peace lies in a weak comrades, has known the By JAMES F. OWE II, United States of America. facts of one frightful war, and As we approach the anni- National Commander, American Legion many of you have experi- versary of the birth of the enced two world conflicts. To Prince of Peace every Ameri- assume, as a few thoughtless can needs to examine the state of world The resolution of our New York conven- people and a few harmful propagandists affairs and to study how our nation tion says, 'There must be no appease- seek to assume, that because we were sol- may best exert its leadership for world ment!' diers once we aspire to be soldiers again, peace. Speaking frankly about the present ag- is plain nonsense. No organized group

The men who fought for America in two gressive dictatorship in Russia as it seeks of human beings anywhere desires peace world wars adopted their program for expansion in Europe our resolution says: more ardently than The American Legion. peace at the 29th National Convention of "The only way to prevent war in critical Few groups have the opportunity to ap- The American Legion in New York last situations such as exist in Europe today proach the struggle for peace so realis- August. Every Legion member should is to act firmly, promptly and adequately, tically as do we. road that report of the convention com- without bluster but with complete read- I ask every Legionnaire to read our mittee on Foreign Relations. Every Le- iness for war if war should be thrust program for peace, to study the many as-

gion post will do well to discuss it and upon us!' pects of present world problems, to un-

to bring its thoughtful conclusions to the 1 will quote one more sentence from derstand the American program called the attention of Americans everywhere. those resolutions which were written and Marshall Plan, to watch the progress of

Peace is everybody's business. adopted after months of discussion in the United Nations organization with its The United States has never wanted a Legion posts and departments and hours elements of strength for peace and its ele-

war, it has never started a war, and it of final study by the delegates selected to ment of weakness developed by the re- never will. express our considered beliefs. peated vetoes of the Soviet delegate.

Unhappily, a segment of our people "We recognize that the first essential I believe you will conclude, as your truly believe that because we want peace to world recovery is that the United States delegates at New York concluded, that the we should destroy our own strength and itself remain strong and free. We cannot hope for real peace in the world rests with a>s,ime that our example would cause escape, we will not evade our own respon- a strong United States. others to refrain from aggression. This sibility as a people for maintaining peace, Let us then make the power and lead- theory has been so definitely proved resisting aggression, and preserving the ership of The American Legion effective wrong that The American Legion holds rights of free men!' in exerting America's strength to estab- to the first sentence of this article. Our No man who reads the record can sup- lish and maintain peace. All that we can hope for peace lies in strength, not weak- port any foolish idea that The American do will not be too much. Under our com- ness. England tried to appease an aggres- Legion wants America at war. Every mitment to God and Country we must not sive dictatorship, and completely failed. thought and every purpose carefully ex- do less. 24 In 1912 this was high style. Watch for the same next year

What fiend plotted to transform American women into animated potato sacks?

Why did the beautiful can-can dancer toss herself into the Seine?

Wliy didn't Kilroy stay there?

II hy did the garment industry go along on the deal?

How much protest did fashion editors make? Here and only here can you get the answers to these questions puzzling all America.

Godey's Magazine saw "the new look" coming as far hack as 1896 By JOSEPH C. KEELEY How true! And if you have any lingering doubts as to the success of this "carefully planned achieve- IN plain language American women ment." haul out your wallet and ask have expressed themselves about yourself what happened to the crop

the new styles. The great majority of lettuce it used to contain. The don't like them. All but a few can't answer will be found, at least in afford them. Being realists, however, part, in wifey's clothes closet—the they know they have to wear them, so chic creations representing the and in great numbers they're doing most glorious accomplishments of |ust that. the couturier's art.

This may seem like womanly il- Pretty, aren't they? Every bit as

logic. but look at their side of it. attractive as anything ever worn by Consider what they're up against. Hetty Green, Carry Nation or Whis- As an example, late last summer tler's Mother. And necessary too, when buyers for department stores almost as much so as an iron deer were swarming over New York's for your front lawn, a buggy whip garment center, several of them had or a side-saddle. some interesting things to say about However, don't blame your wife. the new styles. Bedeviled by dollar-a-pound butter "My only worry," cried one. "is to and a few other incidentals, she get enough of what our store needs. probably would have been quite Nobody wants to be seen in last happy to have gotten along with year's clothes." maybe a new dress, a pair of shoes Another cooed: "Men are about and a few accessories. But, with the ready to admit that it's impossible to ing like something out of Mein Kampf, full weight of the fashion juggernaut talk women out of spending clothes this was: thrown against her what could she do?

money this fall." "Total fashion coordination is no What would the neighbors think if she The masterpiece, however, came from longer a haphazard affair, but is now a dared show herself in last year's clothes? the head of a retail trade group. Sound- carefully planned achievement." More specifically, (Cont. on page 55)

25 !

laboratories. The old Arisakas have ac- Facts about firearms which concern all of us, particularly tuallv taken punishment which blew up Springfields, Enfields and Mausers. The those who would rather use them for sport than for war later 7.7mm rifles, while not nearlv a- well made as the pre-war types, are still are those being sold at collectors' prices. pretty good as a class. Of course, there By W. H. IS. SMITH The early Japanese 6.5mm rifles are are dogs which are dangerous. If you perhaps the strongest military rifles want to use these Jap rifles, have them DURING the recent war the Germans ever built, to judge by comparative checked and altered by a competent turned up with a new progressive blow-up tests conducted by independent American gun (Continued on page 73 I burning propellant which startled ex- plosives and arms experts. It produced remarkably high velocities without dan- gerously increasing breech pressures. Our Army promptly slapped a "sec ret classification on this development when we learned the formula at the end of the war, and further experimentation was conducted on it. The secret was a pretty open one: it was a matter of pulverizing high explo- sives of the PETN class (commonly used for hollow charges, bazooka war- heads and the like) and embedding very fine grains in pellets of standard smoke- less powder. There is no question thai

Russia knows all about it. Now a U. S. patent has been granted on such a powder, the rights being assigned to the Hercules Powder Company. This powder will develop far greater velocities and will give much flatter bul- let trajectories than any previously known in the U. S. One bri_ht scientist has already suggested using this new propellant to drive a projectile to the moon Use of this powder will greatlv increase the efficiencj of all arms, military and sporting. Used in pistol cartridges il will give a headache to makers of "bul- let proof vests." since it will step up velocities enough to drive jacketed bul- lets through material which will stop the slu

IVmiU to Use that Tropin/ tor ff mil itifj? If you want to use any captured Jap- anese weapons for hunting or target shooting, you will have trouble getting ammunition. No standard American am-

munition will fit any Japanese ride or

pistol, so the only cartridges available At the Battle of Plevna in IJ577 Turk* with American rifl<-» stopped the Russians cold

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Summary of

Rights and Benefits

PROVIDED FOR SERVICE MEN OF THE TWO WORLD WARS AND THEIR DEPENDENTS UNDER LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND THE FORTY-EIGHT STATES

What This Summary Offers:

The purposes of this special section are ber 1, 1947, and is subject to later modi- three-fold fication by action of Congress, by change 1. To acquaint veterans of the two in Veterans AdministrationRegulations World Wars with the rights and benefits under existing laws, and by the Legis- which have been provided for them by latures of the States. Readers who may Federal and State legislation. have doubts whether any provision 2. To give an understanding of the noted herein has been rendered obso- machinery and operation of the vastly lete by later legislation, or as to their expanded Veterans Administration, the entitlement to certain benefits, may ob- agency through which the Government tain up-to-date information from Post conducts most of its relations with its Service Officers of The American Le- war veterans. gion, from the National Rehabilitation 3. To explain the nation-wide service Committee, 1608 K Street N. W., Wash- system of The American Legion through ington 6, D. C, or from any of the De- which the Legion helps men and women partment Service Officers listed herein. who served with the armed forces dur- The Legion's service organization ex- ing the two wars, and their dependents tends to nearly every local community and beneficiaries to obtain the rights within the continental limits of the na- and benefits to which they are entitled. tion and is always available to veterans « * » and their dependents who need assist- This summary is based on legislation ance or advice in the completion of their and provisions of law in effect on Octo- claims.

Compiled By

BOYD B. STUTLER, American Legion Magazine Staff WITH ASSISTANCE OF

T. O. KRAABEL, Director, National Rehabilitation Committee, and Department

and Slate Service Officers Rights and Benefits,, XL S. Goveremeet

IN its August, 1932, issue this magazine published a has caused the enactment of new laws and expanded detailed summary of the rights and benefits for benefits. This summary* has been prepared to bring up World War service men and their dependents provided to date a knowledge of the provisions of the laws af- under laws and regulations of the Federal Government fecting veterans as they apply to those who served in and the forty-eight States. The Economy Act of 1933 the two World Wars. It is not intended as a complete at one stroke wiped out many of the beneficial acts of guide, but rather as a useful means of acquainting the Federal Congress and in October, 1934, a supple- veterans with important facts about legislation and ment was published to conform to the new laws. their rights under existing law, and how to go about Another war and a new generation of war veterans obtaining the benefits authorized.

VETERANS' PRINCIPAL RIGHTS WW2 disabled, approved on March 24, 1943. ices of the organization. In the conduct Public Law 458, 79th Congress, relating of its multifarious operations, the Central The major benefits allowable to veter- to disability ratings. Office acts as the directing and driving ans of the two World Wars and their de- Public Law 801, 76th Congress, part of center, though much of the actual con- pendents under Federal laws are: Title 6, the National Service Life Insur- tact of the veteran will be through con- 1. Disability compensation for disabili- ance Act of 1940. tact units and Regional Offices. Original resulting from disease or injury in- ties Separate copies of these acts may be jurisdiction in some matters, particularly curred in military or naval service. procured from the Superintendent of relating to death claims and insurance, is 2. Pension for total permanent disa- Documents, Government Printing Office, reserved to the Central and Branch Of- bility not incurred in war service. Washington 25, D. C, at small cost. A fices. Hospitalization treatment and dom- 3. Congressman will usually be glad to send Certain benefits, rights and privileges iciliary care for those with service- copies upon request without charge. based on war service are, because of their connected disabilities, and, so far as VA A full code of Federal laws, Compila- nature, administered by governmental facilities may permit, for those with non- tion of Laws Relating to Veterans, by agencies other than the VA. For example: service-connected disabilities. Elmer A. Lewis, can be obtained from Civil Service preference by the United 4. Compensation for dependents of men the Superintendent of Documents, Gov- States Civil Service Commission; home- who died in service and men who, after ernment Printing Office, for $1.75 per stead and settlement on Government land, discharge, have died from service-con- copy. by the General Land Office, Department nected disabilities. of the Interior, Washington, D. C; burial 5. Pension for widows and children of SPECIAL LAWS in National Cemeteries by Quartermaster under certain conditions, whose veterans, For information on special acts or laws General, War Department, Washington, deaths are held not the result of service. as with limited time application, such D. C; veterans preference in purchase of Education and vocational training for 6. Mustering Out Pay Act, World War 1 surplus war material by War Assets Ad- veterans of WW2. Act, Soldiers' and Adjusted Compensation ministration, etc. The address of each 7. Loan guarantees on homes, farms Sailors' Civil Relief Act, etc., consult your agency to which inquiry or application and business for WW2 veterans. Service Officer, or Post or Department should be made is given if the matter in 8. Readjustment pay and allowances for Division, The write National Rehabilitation interest is not administered by or under limited time after discharge. a American Legion, 1608 K Street North- the jurisdiction of the VA. 9. Government Life Insurance (WW1) west, Washington 6, D. C. and National Service Life Insurance, HOW TO FILE CLAIMS (WW2), available to veterans in standard THE VETERANS ADMINISTRATION types of policies at low premium rates. Claims for hospitalization, compensation, a central authority disability pension, similar 10. Funeral and burial allowance. In order to provide and items should States Government be submitted the 11. Burial in a National Cemetery. to act for the United to Regional Office of the veterans, a single in- nearest the 12. Government headstone, available in dealing with war VA to home of the applicant. Veterans Adminis- when veteran's grave has not been suit- stitution known as the All claims arising out of or after the divi- ably marked. tration has been built up. This vast death of a veteran should be submitted created by the to the Office 13. Civil Service preference, available sion of Government was Branch serving the State in separate and independent which the claimants live. to veterans in examinations and appoint- consolidation of Bureau, the ments, with special preference for dis- agencies—the former Veterans Claims should be made on application abled men. Pension Bureau, and National Homes for forms which any Administration office will Soldiers taking over supply request. These 14. Government land, open to settlement Disabled Volunteer — on forms may usu- addition, as- under preferential rights. the functions of each and, in ally be obtained also from the service grow- The basic Federal provisions for veter- suming new administrative duties agencies of The American Legion. ans of the World Wars and their depen- ing out of another war. After he has obtained the application dents are contained in a series of laws and The Veterans Administration (hereafter form and other necessary papers apply- pri- regulations. Among the more important referred to as VA), is the agency ing to the particular type of claim, the concerned are: marily responsible for, or is claimant will often be able to prepare his with, the administration of laws providing own case by following out the instruc- The World War Veterans Act of 1924, for direct benefits for veterans and their tions contained on or accompanying the as amended and re-enacted. This governs dependents. These duties include payment application form. He may also be able to payment of compensation for death or of benefits such as compensation, pensions, submit the claim direct to the Regional disability, hospitalization, guardianship, retirement pay, insurance, readjustment al- Office in his State, or to the Branch Of- burial provisions, Government Insurance, lowances; medical treatment, hospital and fice, whichever has jurisdiction. and many other subjects. domiciliary care; burial and funeral ex- In many cases, however, the claimant Public Law 2, 73rd Congress, known as penses; vocational rehabilitation; educa- will wish to obtain the expert advice and the Economy Act, approved March 20, tion and training; guaranty of loans for assistance of a Service Officer of The 1933. home, farm and business property, and American Legion, either Post or Depart- Public Law 484, 73rd Congress, as other related benefits. It is the one agency ment. These officers will give the aid amended, the widows' and childrens' com- that most veterans will deal with, though necessary, prepare the ck.im properly and pensation Act, approved June 28, 1934. other divisions of the Federal Government place it in the channels for prompt con- Public Law 346, 78th Congress, the Serv- grant certain rights and benefits. sideration. icemen's Readjustment Act of 1944, more The VA, under the Administrator of Claims presenting unusual complica- generally known as the GI Bill of Rights Veterans' Affairs, maintains its Central tions or difficulties may be forwarded to for WW2 veterans, approved June 22, Office at Washington 25, D. C, with more the National Rehabilitation Committee, 1944. than 900 Regional Offices, hospitals, homes 1608 K Street Northwest, Washington 6, Public Law 16, 78th Congress, voca- and contact offices radiating out in such D. C. This should be done through the tional rehabilitation for service-connected locations as to give the nation complete Department Service Officer, and only coverage and to assure quick access by after the local officers have been unable *Index to this Summary, p. 24A. any veteran, wherever placed, to the serv- to give the necessary assistance.

2A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 . ;

THE AMERICAN LEGION RECOGNIZED traceable to, or aggravated by active mili- World War who died in service or sub- TO REPRESENT VETERANS tary or naval service. sequent to discharge from service-con- The American Legion has by law been Eligibility: To receive the benefits under nected disabilities are entitled to receive duly recognized and granted authority to this law the veteran must have been dis- compensation. This benefit can be paid present and prosecute the claims of veter- charged or released from the armed forces even though claim is filed and service- ans under the laws administered by the under conditions other than dishonor- connection is established after the veter- VA. Representatives of the Legion must able, and must have had active service in an's death. be appointed individually and their ac- WW1 between April 6, 1917, and November The widow and children are presumed creditation approved by the Veterans Ad- 12, 1918, (for those in Russia, until April dependent; parents must, however, supply ministration, whether serving the Na- 2, 1920), and in WW2 between December proof. Widows who married WW1 veterans tional organization, Departments or Posts. 7, 1941, and July 25, 1947, ("end of war," later than December 14, 1944, are excluded Application of Post Service Officers for as determined by Public Law 239, 80th from benefits unless married ten or more this accreditation must be made to their Congress) years to the person who served. Children Department Headquarters, and as pro- Application: Original applications for are eligible, whenever born. Widow of a cedure varies in the several Departments, disability compensation for injuries or dis- WW2 veteran eligible to receive the com- full information must be obtained from abilities incurred in both World Wars pensation must have married prior to the Department Adjutant. As of June 30, should be made on Veterans Administra- July 25, 1957, ten years after the declared 1947, of the 3,845 representatives of all tion Form 526, and should be submitted end of the war. groups recognized by the VA, 1,511 were to the nearest Regional Office of the Vet- Rates of compensation are fixed by law accredited to the Legion. Accreditation erans Administration. and are the same for dependents of de- should be limited to those who have oc- Service Connection. Establishing proof ceased veterans of both World Wars: service casion to appear before one or more rat- of connection is the fundamental Widow, $60; widow and one child, $78. ing agencies of the VA. requirement of this benefit. When Army (with $15.60 for each additional child); Appointments are continued until can- or Navy records do not substantiate a no widow, but one child, $30; no widow, celled by the Administrator of Veterans' claim, the personal affidavit of the claim- but two children, $45.60, (with $12 for Affairs on his own motion, or at the re- ant and such supplementary evidence as each additional child, equally divided) quest of The American Legion. Service he can submit, such as the affidavits of dependent mother or father, $54; both Officers and all other Legion representa- those who served with him or physicians mother and father, $30 each. tives who are entitled to represent veteran who attended him, must contain the facts Claims by widows and children should claimants or beneficiaries are not per- upon which the claim of a service con- be made on Veterans Administration Form mitted to make a charge for services ren- nection of a disability is based. It is 534, and claims by dependent parents on dered. especially important that claimants answer Veterans Administration Form 535. POWER OF ATTORNEY fully the questions asked on the official forms. Before The American Legion or any of PENSION FOR NONSERVICE-CON- Basis of Payment: The rate of payment its accredited representatives is recognized NECTED DEATHS TO WIDOWS of a disability compensation varies with in any claim under consideration or ad- AND CHBLDREN the degree of disability and the handicap judication by the VA, a power of attorney imposed. The law provides that the rat- Provision is made for payment of pen- must be executed by the claimant or his ing shall be based as far as practicable on sions to unremarried widows and to chil- guardian specifically naming The Ameri- the average impairment of earning ca- dren—not to parents—of veterans of the can Legion as representative. This form pacity resulting from comparable injuries two World Wars, whose deaths are held (P-22) need not be notarized. In this con- in civil occupations, and not upon im- not the result of service. The eligibility nection it is well to call attention to the pairment of earning capacity in each in- requirements, based upon active military fact that only one organization may rep- dividual case. Elaborate rating schedules or naval service of the veteran as defined resent a claimant before the VA, and any have been worked out by the VA, based on in paragraph 2, Compensation to Depen- power of attorney signed subsequent to statistics for the several occupations, and dents in Service -Connected Deaths, above, the original designation automatically from experience drawn from years of differ somewhat as between dependents cancels the older one. This form is valid administration. of War I and War II. The American Legion only in the VA. No other government De- Disabilities are classified as partial or is striving to obtain parity through amend- partment or agency recognizes it as a total, and are evaluated under appropriate atory legislation. power of attorney. rating schedules, special provision being This pension is not payable to a widow, made by law for disabilities rated more without child, or to a child, whose in- DISABILITY AND DEATH COMPEN- come SATION AND PENSION than total, such as blindness, multiple exceeds $1,000 per year, or to a wid- amputations, etc. Awards of disability ow with child or children who has an The system of payment of compensation compensation range from $8.28 to $138 per annual income exceeding $2,500. In case and pension by the VA for various de- month on the 10 to 100 percent ratings, the widow is denied, payments to chil- grees of disability, both war-incurred and and up to $360 per month on the special dren may be continued until 18 years of other conditions aggravated by service ratings noted above. age, or to age 21 if attending school. (called for dis- service-connected), and The rates of payment, fixed by law are: abilities arising from other causes, is a PENSIONS FOR NONSERVICE-CON- Widow with no children, $42 per month; complicated There is one. involved not NECTED TOTAL PERMANENT widow and one child, $54, (with $6 for only the veteran himself, but his depen- DISABILITY each additional child) ; no widow, but one dents, with rates of payment adjusted for Veterans of both World Wars who were child, $21; no widow, but two children, each classification. This summary will $32.40, (equally discharged under conditions other than divided) ; no widow, but give general treatment to each group, list- dishonorable who had more than 90 days three children, $43.20, (equally divided), ing the rights and benefits available under of active service, or if less than 90 days, with $4.80 for each additional child, equal- present law, and methods of procedure, were discharged for disability in line of ly divided. but space limitation will not permit more duty, may be eligible to receive a pension VA Form 534 is used to claim this bene- than a summation of the laws and regu- for total permanent disability "which is fit, and should be filed with the nearest lations pertaining to veterans in effect on not shown to have been incurred in any Regional Office. Post Service Officers arc 1947. In Oct. 1, case of doubt, see your period of military or naval service." This familiar with the requirements and pro- Post or Department Service Officer. pension is fixed by statute at $60 monthly, cedure and will be able to give ready aid but after ten years of continuous pay- and assistance in most instances. COMPENSATION FOR WAR SERVICE- ment as totally and permanently disabled, CONNECTED DISABILITY or the veteran reaches the age of 65, the PENALTY FOR FRAUD The VA will pay disability compensa- pension is increased to $72. It is not pay- Severe penalties are tion to veterans of the two World Wars able if, unmarried and without dependent provided for submitting fraudulent who suffer from a disability of ten percent children, the veteran has an income in evidence to support a claim under adjudication or more which is connected with war excess of $1,000 per year, or, if married by the VA. In addition to prosecution service. This benefit should be distin- or with minor children, in excess of $2,500. in the courts, forfeiture guished from the other allowance pro- Applications for this pension are made of rights to benefits may result. vided and paid for disabilities due to on VA Form 526b. The forfeiture of compensation and other other causes not necessarily connected benefits is solely within the power of the with the service, which is termed pension. COMPENSATION TO DEPENDENTS IN Administrator of Veterans' Affairs, and The applicant must prove by competent SERVICE-CONNECTED DEATHS he may declare a forfeiture regardless of records and evidence that his disability The surviving widow, children, and de- whether or not the accused is punished is due to injury or disease incurred in, pendent parents of a veteran of either by conviction in the criminal courts.

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 — —

PROCEDURE IN APPEALS is not only a record of service in time of statement by the applicant's own physi- In case a claim has been denied by the war—as important as a birth certificate cian showing the disease or injury frorr office of the VA having original jurisdic- but will be found most useful in civilian which he is suffering and describing the tion—in most cases this would be a Re- life, particularly in the matter of employ- conditions in definite terms. gional Office—the claimant has the right ment and in establishing right to par- Women war veterans may be hospital- to appeal to the Administrator of Veter- ticipate in benefits granted by the Federal ized in private hospitals when no VA hos- ans' Affairs. The Board of Veterans' Ap- Government and the several States. pital is feasibly available, or when the peals, Veterans Administration, Washing- But if a discharge certificate is lost or physical or mental condition of the pa- ton 25, D. C. is the agency required by destroyed, application should be made, by tient will not permit transfer. Arrange- law to make the decisions in appellate letter, to the Adjutant General's Office, ment for such care must be authorized by cases. No claim should be appealed until Department of the Army, or the Bureau the proper VA official, usually through the the applicant has consulted with a Post of Personnel, Navy Department, Washing- Regional Office. or Department Service Officer or other ton 25, D. C, according to the branch in Allied veterans, under certain condi- person competent to advise in rehabilita- which the individual served, for a Cer- tions, may be given hospitalization when tion and claim matters. tificate in Lieu of Lost or Destroyed Dis- prior authority is obtained from the Gov- This suggestion is made because the charge. A duplicate discharge cannot be ernment under which they served. rules governing appeals are somewhat issued. Out-patient treatment, medical and technical in nature and, usually through Full identifying information should be dental, is afforded service-connected vet-' hasty action, a great number of cases not given in the application regarding serv- erans, and in some cases nonservice-con- properly prepared go up to the appeal ice: Name, rank, serial number, date of nected veterans where conditions are as- board for review. In presenting an appeal enlistment, or induction, place of service, sociated with or are held to be aggravat- on any subject to the VA the appellant and date and place of discharge, date and ing a service-connected disability. This should be sure that his appeal is stated as place of birth, etc. This data will be treatment, which has been established un- specifically as possible and the reasons checked against the service record and der a "home-town care" plan to eliminate why it should, in his opinion, be granted, official file of the applicant, and certificate travel and to relieve the hospitals of a set forth in detail. No case should be ap- will be issued after approval. Post Serv- heavy load, is also extended to vocational pealed simply because the claimant is dis- ice Officers will advise full procedure. trainees in order to avoid interruption of satisfied with the action already taken. All veterans, regardless of the charac- their training. Applications are made on The appeal should be properly prepared ter of certificate they hold, are urged to Form 2827, Application for Out-Patient and handled through official channels. have their discharges recorded in the Treatment. The normal course of the handling of official records of the county in which Dental treatment is generally authorized an appeal by a veteran or dependent they reside. Most States have provided for service-connected cases, usually as in should be: (1) Post Service Officer; (2) for this recording in special books (in out-patient care. It is also granted to vet- the Department Service Officer, and (3) some it is without charge, in others for a erans in domiciliary homes and to those The National Rehabilitation Committee. nominal fee) and an official, attested copy in vocational training. Application for appeal of a claim must of this record is acceptable for all pur- Orthopedic and prosthetic appliances be filed with the office where the action poses. including artificial limbs, artificial eyes, was taken within one year from date of HOSPITALIZATION AND DOMICIL- braces, orthopedic shoes, trusses, crutches, mailing notice of the result of the initial IARY CARE canes, stump socks, hearing devices, eye decision. If appeal is not taken within lenses, frames, etc.—are furnished to serv- that time, the action already taken will Veterans of both World Wars, under ice-connected veterans as part of the treat- be final and cannot be re -opened except certain conditions and in preferential or- ment and rehabilitation service. on the basis of new and material evi- der, are entitled to receive free hospitali- dence. VA Form P-9 should be used for zation, medical treatment and care in the SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' HOMES preparing appeals. hospitals and homes maintained by the • The United States Soldiers' Home, VA. Under this single administration, the ELIGIBLES TO RECEIVE BENEFITS Washington, D. C, and the United States homes and hospitals have been brought Naval Home, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, is in- It will be noted that a condition together, and in general the term "dom- are maintained primarily for the retired relation to cluded in nearly all laws in iciliary care" is now used to designate and disabled personnel of the Regular qualifying phrase eligibility, and that the residence in a soldiers' home. establishments and thus are not under the "discharged or released from active serv- First priority is, of course, given to jurisdiction of the VA. Certain veterans ice under conditions other than dishonor- veterans who have service-connected dis- of both World Wars, however, who have This inclusive able" is frequently used. abilities, and to those suffering from had honorable service in Regular units of term is necessary because of the several tuberculosis and neuropsychiatric disabili- the Army, Navy or Marine Corps and who types of discharge forms used by the War ties. Next in order of preference are hon- can meet other eligibility requirements, and Navy Departments. orably discharged veterans of any war, are admitted. Veterans barred from benefits because military occupation or expedition, who Requests for admission to the Soldiers' of the character of their discharge are suffer from disability, disease or defect Home may be made in person at the i those: "Discharged or dismissed by rea- and are not able to defray the cost of Home, or by letter addressed to the Board son of a sentence of a general court mar- medical treatment or hospitalization from of Commissioners, U. S. Soldiers' Home, forces, or tial from the military or naval their own funds. They are entitled to Washington 13, D. C. Application blanks the discharge of any person on the hospitalization, medical or domiciliary care, for admission to the Naval Home may be conscientious ob- grounds that he was a but since the VA's facilities are limited, secured from the Governor, U. S. Naval jector who refused to perform military there may be no bed immediately open, Home, Philadelphia, Pa., or from the Bu- or duty or refused to wear the uniform and the applicant is placed on the waiting reau of Naval Personnel, Navy Depart- lawful orders of otherwise comply with list. But if the veteran is suffering from ment, Washington 25, D. C. In each case competent military authority, or as a de- an emergency condition requiring imme- a full statement of the applicant's military serter, or if an officer by the acceptance diate or early care and treatment, he will or naval service should be furnished in of his resignation for the good of the be hospitalized just as quickly as con- the letter of inquiry. service." ditions will permit. The Army-Navy General Hospital at law, "barred These persons, says the are This emergency hospitalization may be Hot Springs, Arkansas, is primarily de- from all rights, based upon the period of granted in cases of extreme urgency, but voted to the treatment of cases in which service from which he was so discharged before the veteran is taken to the hos- the mineral waters of the Hot Springs or dismissed, under any laws administered pital or home the nearest field station or have a special curative value. A War De- by the Veterans Administration." Excep- Regional Office of the VA should be asked partment bulletin warns: "This Hospital while tion is made for offenses committed by telephone or telegraph to grant auth- is in no sense a home for the aged and insane, and for continuing insurance rights ority for admission, and for transporta- decrepit, who need only domiciliary care, discharges. for those holding dishonorable tion if travel is required. Prior authority but is established and administered for is necessary in all cases before LOST DISCHARGE CERTIFICATES reimburse- the benefit of those who need active ment can be made for travel expense. hospital treatment." The capacity is lim- The discharge certificate should be care- Hospitalization and home care are ob- ited; admission is obtained in two ways: fully guarded against loss, damage or de- tained by use of Form P-10, Application (1) Through the Veterans Administration; struction, and should not be permitted for Hospital Treatment or Domiciliary (2) as a pay patient through the Com- to get into the hands of unauthorized per- Care, executed by the veteran or some- manding Officer of the hospital. Use VA sons who might use it for unlawful pur- one acting for him and forwarded to the Form P-10 and file with nearest Veter- poses. The discharge is the diploma granted nearest Regional Office of the VA. It is ans Administration hospital or station. No on separation from the armed forces and advisable to support the request with a one should go to Hot Springs expecting 4A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 to enter the hospital until application has tion and Education Division at the near- of Rights provides for the guaranty of not been approved. est Regional Office. over half of any money borrowed from a For other home facilities under juris- EMPLOYMENT bank, lending agency, including building diction o*f the VA open to all war veter- and loan, savings and loan, etc., or from a ans, see "Hospitalization and Domiciliary In addition to the requirements that a private lender with a maximum guaranty Care." In addition, several States pro- returning veteran be re-employed in sub- limit of $2,000 for a non-real estate loan or vide homes for war veterans; see the sec- stantially his old job, on application to $4,000 for a real estate loan. Interest on the tion on "State Rights and Benefits." employer made within 90 days after dis- guaranteed portion of the loan for the first charge, and protection from discharge year is paid by VA. Interest rate may not BENEFITS UNDER THE GI BILL OF without cause for one year, a continuing exceed 4 percent per annum. Business RIGHTS and permanent employment and job-coun- loans must mature within 10 years, home seling service is also provided. Congress loans within 25 years, and farm loans with- The Servicemen's Readjustment Act of declared "as its intent and purpose that in 40 years. All loans for more than 5 years 1944, more commonly as the known GI there shall be an effective job counseling must be amortized. Insured loans are also Bill of Rights, was conceived out of the and employment placement service for possible instead of guaranteed loans. The knowledge and the rich experience of veterans," and to that end set up a na- same rules apply. Interest rates may be American Legion in The gained a quarter tional Veterans' Placement Service Board, higher up to 5.70 percent, but a smaller century of dealing with veterans of a war of which the Administrator of Veterans' percent of total loans is insured so thct and their problems. The dominant pur- Affairs is chairman. total borrowing power of the veteran is pose was to draft a master plan of read- This section requires that a Veterans' substantially increased providing his line of justment and rehabilitation for the mil- Employment Representative, who must be credit justifies it. lions then in the armed forces, adminis- a veteran, be employed for each State These guaranteed and insured loans are tered by a central agency, and have it in with such assistants as may be needed, restricted to financing a proprietary inter- working order before the end of the war, whose duties will be: est in business or trade, to buying or con- rather than wait long years for the con- structing a or to purchasing or (1) To supervise the registration of vet- home, im- struction aids proving the farm, of a patchwork system of erans in local employment offices for farm equipment and and benefits. including repairs to the house. The right types of. employment and placement; (2) to apply these loans will expire ten A special committee of Legion rehabili- to assist in securing information as to em- for tation experts was convened in Washing- years after the end of the war as declared ployment available; (3) to promote em- ton in 1943 to out plan and by a recent law to be July 25, 1947. This work such a ploying of veterans; (4) to maintain con- date is extended for veterans have to draft a bill embodying its provisions. tact with employers and veterans' organi- who After full six months of campaigning, re -enlisted under the Recruitment Act of a zations; (5) to assist in improving working 1947 until that period of enlistment expires. during which time the original bill under- conditions. alterations and amendments, The VA makes no loans. To obtain a went many There is a Veterans' Employment Rep- guaranteed or insured loan the veteran it was finally passed and was signed by resentative in every State whose name must deal with the bank or lending agency the President on June 22, 1944. Major pro- and address can be obtained from Post in- and present evidence of his entitlement to visions of the GI Bill of Rights not or Department Service Officers. Questions a loan by producing his original discharge corporated in other sections of this sum- on veterans employment should be sub- certificate. Most lenders throughout the mary are: mitted to him. country are fully informed on making G.L EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION loans and have on hand instructions and application blanks for the veteran's use. educational Unemployment compensation, also The section relating to op- No guarantee will be made for a loan portunities all honorably discharged known as readjustment allowances, is makes which is not appraised at a value to equal service between Sep- payable to any honorably discharged vet- veterans who had or exceed the entire amount of the loan. regard- eran of WW2 who had 90 days or more tember 16, 1940, and July 25, 1947, Seventy regional offices of loan guarantee of service after September 16, 1940, and less of age, eligible for training and edu- service have been opened up by VA and who is a resident of the United States or cation. offer service and advice throughout the outlying possessions at the time of mak- While actually enrolled and pursuing country. They can also advise veterans ing the claim. The intent of this benefit training or education the VA pays tuition how loans may be made under the Farm fees veteran is to assist veterans in readjustment to and not exceeding $500. The Tenant Act, administered through local, civil life and to give some security while receives a subsistence allowance of $65 county committees of Farmers Home Ad- seeking permanent employment or in self- per month if without dependents, and $90 ministration, and advise how business loans employment. rates of payment are per month, if with dependents. The can be made through Reconstruction in excess of Disabled veterans may choose to take $20 per week, less wages $3 Finance Corporation. training under the Vocational Rehabilita- a week, for a maximum of 52 weeks. Self- tion Act (Public Law 16, 78th Congress) employed persons may be entitled to TERMINAL LEAVE PAY per for 12 months period. in which provisions are made to overcome $100 month When the "Armed Forces Leave Act of to Conditions, generally, governing the al- a handicap due to service. In addition 1946" became law on August 9, 1946, ter- lowance are that the veteran must be able the basic subsistence allowances, the dis- minal leave pay was authorized to honor- work, and is registered with a public abled veteran under this program is pro- to ably discharged veterans of the Armed office accordance with its vided with many additional financial, employment in Forces of the United States, including health and employment benefits. regulations, but is disqualified if he leaves Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast work voluntarily without good cause; is Under both programs he is paid subsis- Guard, for services between September 2, discharged for misconduct; tence in addition to any compensation, re- suspended or 1939, the date when the National Guard accept suitable work tirement, or other service benefits he is failure to apply for or was taken into federal service, and August to which referred by a public employment entitled to receive. 31, 1946. Officers and men still in service on office, or refusal to attend an available Application, VA Form 1950, for Voca- September 1, 1946 were entitled to terminal tional Rehabilitation, and VA Form 1900 free training course. leave but pay for them has been made by unemployment must occur for training under the Servicemen's Read- Compensable their branch of service. Payment will be discharge or ter- justment Act (GI Bill), must be made within two years after made for unused leave or furlough time (July within four years after discharge, or after mination of the war 25, 1947), during the period of active duty at the rate is payments will July 25, 1947, whichever is later, and all whichever later, and no of two and one-half days pay for each, July 25, 1952. Applications, education and training must be com- be made after month of active service payable at the rate 1382 for unemployed, or Form 1387 pleted by July 25, 1956. Those who en- Form of pay at time of last discharge. This rate be filed through listed under the Armed Forces Voluntary for self-employed may includes base pay plus longevity, but ex- public employment or Recruitment Act of 1945, effective October local offices of cludes overseas and special pay and al- State unemployment agency. Assistance 6, 1945, to October 5, 1946, will accumulate lowance. Seventy cents a day is allowed given the Veterans' entitlement for training benefits until they and counsel will be by for subsistence and, for the top three en- at any public employment are discharged or have attained maximum Service Officer listed grades who had lawful dependents office in determining eligibility and prep- training benefits of 48 months. at the time of discharge $1.25 is added for aration of claim. Applications should be completed and quarters allowance. Office of the VA filed with the Regional LOANS FOR BUSINESS, HOMES, AND Veterans who were discharged or sep- the veteran's home State, or the State in FARMS arated from active duty as officers are en- where the educational or training institu- titled to terminal leave pay for enlisted tion selected is located. Detailed instruc- In order that the returning World War establish a business or service at the rate of pay for the rank last tions and information may be obtained II veteran may held as an enlisted man. Overall maximum from the Chief of Vocational Rehabilita- build a home, or buy a farm, the G.I. Bill The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 5 A. . .

terminal leave allowance for all services is WW2, or to those who had service in both all premiums in arrears, interest at four 120 days. wars. percent and compliance with health re- All honorably discharged or separated Types of insurance policies offered: (1) quirements, without examination if appli- veterans may apply for terminal leave pay Five-year level premium term. This is a cation is made within three months of on application blanks available at post temporary or emergency form of protec- lapse. offices and American Legion posts. No pay- tion which, to become permanent, must Apply at your nearest VA office or the ment will be made to a veteran who does be converted within the time limit to one central office at Washington 25, D. C, for not make an application for it. The dead- of the following: (2) ordinary life; (3) full information and for the blank forms line for applications is September 1, 1948. thirty-pay life; (4) twenty-pay life; (5) required for new insurance, reinstatement, Guardians for incompetent veterans can twenty-year endowment; (6) endowment conversion or change of plan, change of make an application for terminal leave at age 60; (7) endowment at age 65. beneficiary and election of optional settle- pay due to the veteran. The next of kin Four optional forms of settlement are ment by insured, election of optional set- of veterans who died after honorable dis- permitted: (1) Lump sum payment to tlement by beneficiary, deduction of pre- charge may also apply for such pay. These beneficiary—a selection that can be made miums from VA benefit payments, change persons require a special application form only by the insured; (2) limited monthly in mode of paying premium, reduction in and must write to the proper authorities installments in payments ranging from amount, policy loan, cash surrender, total for it. Next of kin of members of the 36 to 240 months; (3) monthly installments disability claims, or assignment of leave armed forces who died in service are not for life with 120 installments guaranteed; bonds for insurance purposes. A booklet eligible to collect any unused leave for (4) monthly installments for life, with published by the VA and available at all the deceased. total installments equal to the face of the offices, Information on National Service The original act, which has been policy guaranteed. There is now no re- Life Insurance, (VA pamphlet 9-3) con- amended, provided for cash payments of striction as to the designation of the bene- tains complete facts with premium rates less than $50 and bond payments for mul- ficiary; and the insured has the right to for all plans at attained ages. This will be tiples of $25 with cash for odd amounts. change the beneficiary without knowledge helpful to any veteran who wants to rein- These bonds are dated the first day of the or consent of the beneficiary first named. state or to know more about his insurance. There are no restrictions as to residence, quarter following discharge, mature in five PREFERENCE years, bear interest at the rate of 2V2 per- travel, occupation or military or naval CIVIL SERVICE cent per annum, are totally tax exempt, service. The Government offers job security to are non-negotiable, and non-transferable. All policies have guaranteed cash val- its hundreds of thousands of employees Under the original law they could be used ues, paid-up insurance and extended in- through a Civil Service system, in which in payment of Government Life Insurance surance values, as well as loan values special preference is given to veterans (World War I) or National Service Life (except 5-year level premium term) after who seek such employment. The places Insurance (World War II) the policy has been in effect one year. All are filled by competitive examinations and The original law was amended by the policies provide for a waiver of payment those appointed have certain protection in 80th Congress in 1947 to permit the veteran of premiums during continuous total disa- their positions under laws and rules speci- to cash bonds after September 1, 1947 at bility of six or more consecutive months fying conditions of promotion, discharge, any bank or regular lending agency. This commencing before 60th birthday. Proceeds and general service. In the competitive ex- amendment also permitted the veteran to of the insurance are exempt from taxation; aminations in all grades and for all posi- apply for and receive cash instead of a property purchased with the proceeds is tions every honorably discharged war vet- bond if he had not made an earlier appli- not exempt. NSLI is mutual insurance; eran, male or female, is entitled to an cation. They could ask for cash by a the Government pays all operating ex- automatic five-point mark-up on any grade statement attached to their application for pense and, through the VA, acts as trus- earned. Thus, if the applicant makes 65 in pay- tee of the funds for the sole benefit of a written test, the five -point preference One special group of veterans discharged the policyholders and their beneficiaries. raises it to 70, which is the passing grade. after September 1, 1946 can now apply for Five-year level premium term policies Veterans with established service-con- terminal leave pay. These boys were hos- may be converted, without medical ex- nected disabilities are entitled to a ten- pitalized and were unable to take sixty amination, to any of the six permanent point preference added to their earned days of active duty time at home before plans, upon application and payment of the grade, as in the case of the nonservice- they were transferred from Army or Navy first premium. The insured may increase connected war veterans, and their names hospitals directly into VA hospitals for or reduce the amount of the face of the are placed higher on the list of eligibles. continued hospitalization. They had to policy, and may divide the permanent in- Only one preference can be claimed—the waive sixty days of their terminal leave _ surance under two or more plans, in mul- five-point or the ten-point. Time in the pay, and now may apply for it. tiples of $500, but not less than $1,000 armed forces is credited in computing eli- The 1947 amendment does not change under any plan. Or, he may drop part of gibility for retirement with pay. the general provisions of the original law. his term insurance and convert the bal- Widows of veterans who were married The bonds are still exempt from claims of ance. Premiums are computed at the rate at the time of service, and wives of dis- creditors and tax liability. They still may for the age attained at conversion. (Bonds abled veterans who, because of physical not be assigned or transferred but, of authorized by the Armed Forces Leave Act condition, could not be appointed to a job course, the veteran now has the privilege of 1946, terminal leave pay, may be as- in their usual line of work, are entitled to of cashing them. signed to the VA for payment of premiums the ten-point preference. Widows lose and the difference in the reserves between preferential rights on remarriage. NATIONAL SERVICE LIFE INSURANCE term and converted insurance.) Applicants claiming veterans preference Any person who served, or serves, in Any term insurance which has lapsed be- must submit proof of service with appli- the armed forces on or after October 8, fore or after discharge may be reinstated cation for examination by attaching their 1940, if ordered to active duty for a period in the same or smaller amount (not less original discharge certificate (photostat or of 30 days or more, is entitled to the pro- than $1,000, in multiples of $500) . All such photograph of discharge accepted), or an tection and benefits of National Service reinstatements must be made within the official statement of war service from the Life Insurance. Those serving between term period, which is eight years from War or Navy Department. A widow must October 8, 1940 and September 2, 1945, may the effective date on term policies issued submit (1) proof of honorable discharge yet apply for new policies, even if they before January 1, 1946, and five years on or death in service of the person on whose failed to apply while in service or if their policies issued on or after that date. Until record her claim is based; (2) proof of application was rejected for any cause, if January 1, 1948, regardless of the date of marriage; (3) death certificate of veteran they can prove good health, or they may lapse, the only requirement is that the husband; (4) affidavit of two persons cer- apply for reinstatement of lapsed policies, applicant be in as good health as he was tifying that she was not divorced from under any one of seven forms of insurance. when his term insurance lapsed, and sub- her husband and has not remarried. A wife The policies may be taken in any sum from mit a signed statement to that effect to the attaches proof of service of her service- $1,000 to $10,000 in multiples of $500; no Veterans Administration, with tender of connected disabled husband, and proof of person may carry more than $10,000 in premiums. Term insurance may also be disability in statement from Veterans Ad- either or both U. S. Government Life reinstated and at the same time converted ministration, War or Navy Department ( WW1) , or National Service Life ( WW2) into a permanent plan on application ac- certifying that he is receiving disability- U. S. Government Life Insurance, which companied by statement of health, one retirement benefits for a service-connected was established for and is carried by monthly premium at the term rate for the disability. Parents of a son or daughter WW1 veterans, is so well established first month of lapse and the first premium who was killed or died in service are not (average age of veterans, 54 plus) that it (monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or an- entitled to preference. will not be discussed here. The following nual, as selected) on the amount of the Announcement is made from time to has reference to National Service Life In- permanent plan selected. Converted in- time of dates and places for holding ex- surance which is available to veterans of surance may be reinstated by payment of aminations for appointment to fill vacan-

6A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 cies or for original positions. The notices inches wide and 4 inches thick; and flat AUTOMOBDLES FOR DISABLED are ordinarily displayed in postoffices. They white marble light gray granite markers Under Public Law 663, August 8, 1946, ] other in- 24 inches long, 12 inches wide and 4 may also be had, together with disabled veterans of WW2 who are en- procedure inches thick for cemeteries that do not formation as to jobs available, titled to compensation for the loss, or loss permit upright headstones. for making application, etc., by writing to of use, of one or both legs at or above the If the veteran is buried in a private the Chief of the Veterans Service Section, ankle, may be furnished with an auto- cemetery, application for the headstone U. S. Civil Service Commission, Washing- mobile with special attachments adapted or marker must be made on General ton 25, D. C. QM to the disability of the individual. The cost Form 623 and submitted to the Quarter- The National Employment Committee, of such automobiles cannot exceed $1,600. master General, Department of the The American Legion, 1608 K Street, N. and the Veterans Administration is not to Army, Washington 25, D. C. No application W., Washington 6, D. C, is authorized authorized to make expenditures for re- is required when burial is made in a Na- represent claimants before the Board of pair, maintenance or replacement. tional Veterans Administration ceme- Appeals of the U. S. Civil Service Com- or Applicants must give satisfactory evi- mission, and has assigned a staff of ex- tery. dence that they will be able to operate application is filed, inquiry perts to make such appearances. But be- Before the vehicle, and that they have been, or should be of the private cemetery to fore the Legion can act as agent in any made will be, licensed to drive in the State in ascertain if erection of standard Govern- case pending a power of attorney (Form which they live. Applications must be in the case of ment headstones or markers is permitted. 307) must be executed, as made before June 30, 1948, on Form 4502 The stones will be sent by freight prepaid representation before any group in the and filed with the Regional Office where to the nearest railroad station or steam- Veterans Administration. the claim folder of the veteran is held. boat landing. No allowance is made to BURIAL ALLOWANCE transportation the ceme- cover cost of to REVISION OF MILITARY AND NAVAL Provision has been made by the Gov- tery or for erection of the stone. RECORDS ernment, through the agency of the VA, IN NATIONAL CEMETERIES and by several States, to insure proper BURIAL Under the stress of war conditions in. burial of all veterans of all wars and to Many years ago the Government of the field administration and in the hurried, assure that no man or woman who served United States established a system of na- demobilization of the military and naval our country in time of war need be buried tional cemeteries—Arlington, within sight forces, it was inevitable that certain errors in a Potter's Field. The Federal law proof the National Capitol, is the most noted were made and injustices committed in vides for "payment of burial and funeral one—to provide a permanent resting place completing some discharge certificates. A expenses and transportation of the body for all who served in the armed forces, in remedy has been provided by the creation, (including preparation of the body) to the peace or war. Men and women who die of special boards in the Army, Navy and place of burial, in a sum not exceeding after honorable discharge, as well as those Treasury Departments to review the cases $150." who die in service are eligible for burial in which appeals are made and to cor- There is a further provision that no de- in these plots, which are located in every rect such errors and injustices as in their duction shall be made from the statutory section of the country. These national judgment warrant such action. allowance of $150 unless the expense of cemeteries, administered from the office of Until The American Legion obtained burial and funeral is actually paid by a the Quartermaster General, are separate enactment of the Servicemen's Readjust- Federal, State, county, other political sub- and distinct from the cemeteries main- ment Act of 1944, (GI Bill) there was no division, burial association, etc. Contribu- tained on VA reservations. provision made for review of discharges tions made by lodge, union, fraternal or- Ineligible for burial in the national ceme- or of retiring-board proceedings. ganizations, society or insurance company teries are persons "discharged from A section of this Act requires the estab- do not bar payment of the full amount draft"; reserve officers who had no active lishment of Boards of Review of Dis- except when such payment would revert duty other than for training and instruc- charges and Dismissals in the War, Navy, to the funds of the contributor. tion, and members of the civilian mer- and Treasury Departments. These boards Claims for burial allowance must be chant marine. are empowered to change, correct, or made within two years after permanent Evidence of Right: Presentation of an modify any discharge or dismissal, except burial or cremation of the veteran, exe- honorable discharge of a deceased veter- in the case of a discharge or dismissal cuted on VA Form 530 provided by the an is sufficient authority for the superin- by reason of the sentence of a general court VA and with required proof of claim at- tendent of a national cemetery to permit martial, and to issue a new discharge. tached. These forms are available on burial. In cases where the discharge can- Another section of the Act requires es - application at any VA office, or from Le- not be produced or where there is rea- tablishment in these Departments of gion Department or Post Service Officers. sonable doubt as to eligibility, the super- boards to review the case of any officer intendent will telegraph the Quartermaster retired or released from active service, FLAGS FOR BURIAL General for verification of service and without pay, for physical disability pur- An American flag for use to drape the authorization for interment. suant to the decision of a retiring board, casket of any veteran of any war (in- There is further provision that wives board of medical survey, or disposition cluding members of the women's corps), of both officers and enlisted men may be board. These Boards of Review are au- discharged under conditions other than buried with their husbands (minor chil- thorized to recommend to the Secretary of dishonorable, is provided for by law, and dren and unmarried daughters, under cer- the Department concerned, for decision such flag is given to the next-of-kin after tain conditions), but no lots or grave sites of the President, confirmation or reversaL burial. These flags may be obtained on are assigned in advance of actual require- of the initial finding. application by relatives or undertakers ment for burial purposes. The Legislative Reorganization Act of to the nearest office of the VA, postmaster 1946, approved August 2, 1946, established at any county seat postoffice and certain VA CEMETERIES Boards on Correction of Military or Navat other postofnces designated as distributing A number of cemeteries, located at stra- Records in the same Departments. These centers. tegic points, are maintained on VA reser- Boards are authorized to review any mili- Applications are made on VA Form 2008, vations. These cemeteries were established tary or naval record where in their judg- "Application for United States Flag for primarily for the purpose of caring for ment such action is necessary to correct Burial Purposes." No payment will be made the unclaimed bodies of veterans who die an error or to remove an injustice. The for flags privately purchased for this use, in VA stations, and unclaimed bodies of Secretaries of the Departments concerned nor will flags be issued to undertakers, veterans who die in the vicinity of a sta- are authorized to correct the records in organizations or individuals to replace tion whose relatives cannot be located. such cases, including cases in which a flags loaned or donated by them. GUIDE DOGS FOR THE BEIND dishonorable discharge has been effected HEADSTONES as a result of a general court martial. Blind veterans who are entitled to com- Counsel may be furnished to applicants Headstones or markers are furnished pensation for their disability may be by the National Rehabilitation Committee, furnished a seeing-eye or guide dog to for the unmarked grave of any person who The American Legion, as this organization served in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps help them overcome their handicap. A is recognized for this purpose in these whether regular or volun- period of training and adjustment to the or Coast Guard, Departments. The Legion, however, must teer, and whether he died in service or animal helper is also provided, together be specifically named as agent for such after honorable discharge. These head- with allowances for travel and living applicant before appearance can be made. stones are of three types: For Civil War expenses while the veteran is required to Department Service Officers or the Na- and Spanish War soldiers, white American be away from his home for such training. Rehabilitation Committee will sup- marble, 39 inches long, 12 inches wide and Form 2630, Application for Guide Dog, tional 4 inches thick; general type (formerly should be used, executed by the veteran ply application forms for use in the in- known as World War), 42 inches long, 13 or his representative. dividual cases. The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 1\ .

HOMESTEAD AND RECLAMATION Victory Medal: Issued to all who served appointment each year of forty sons of de- LANDS in the military or naval forces between ceased service men to the Military Aca- at West Point, and forty sons of Public lands are available for homesteads April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918, with demy deceased service the Naval in several Western States and Alaska to appropriate battle or service clasps to de- Navy men to right of honora»bly discharged veterans who served note area of individual operation. Use Academy at Annapolis. The ap- for or letter to pointment under this law is limited to at least 90 days in the armed forces, to Form No. 740 AGO Army, or the sons of killed in action whom preference right of application at Department of the Navy for Navy Ma- men who were or have since died of wounds or injuries least 90 days before general opening is rine Corps. contracted in service (service-connected given. Credit equal to WW2 service, not Army of Occupation of Germany Medal: All service in the armed forces disabilities) exceeding two years, is deducted from the personnel three years residence and cultivation re- who served in Germany or Austria-Hun- Candidates under this act must qualify quirements. gary between November 11, 1918, and June in the same manner as other candidates passing examinations all Other qualifications are: entrymen must 11, 1923, are entitled to this award. Apply by and meeting physical be 21 years old (WW2 veterans are not by letter as above. the requirements. Information concerning West Point appointments will barred because of age if otherwise quali- World War Two be supplied the fied), or head of family; must be a citizen by Adjutant General of the or made declaration of intention, and must The more widespread global character Army, Department of the Army, not own more than 160 acres of land any- of WW2 caused the creation of a half Washington 25, D. C, and information con- distinctive service medals, in ad- cerning Annapolis appointments where else. Homesteaders are required dozen may be dition to the Purple Heart, which re- had from the Bureau Personnel, to live on the land not less than seven was of De- in all partment the months a year for three years, (service tained as the badge for wounds of Navy, Washington 25, credit excepted), must erect a habitable branches. D. C. Correlated house, and must cultivate 1/16 of the land American Defense Service Medal: For with the service academy appointments the second year and 1/8 each year there- service in the military and naval forces made at large by the Presi- period dent, is the Guenther after until final proof. For Alaska lands in defensive between September 8, Fund West Point Scholarships administered the Interior Department's circular An- 1939, and December 7, 1941. by the Amer- II Victory Medal: all icanism Commission of swers to Questions by Servicemen About World War For The American Le- in the armed forces gion. The beneficiaries of this Land Settlement in Alaska will be helpful. who served honorably Fund, however, not Information on public lands, including between December 7, 1941, and December need be sons of war veterans. 1946. Four awards of $500 are Alaska, and procedure for filing may be 31, each made from this selected had from Commissioner, General Land Of- European-African-Middle Eastern Cam- Fund to students as aid paign Medal: All personnel who served in for their preparation for entrance exam- fice, Department of the Interior, Washing- area named between December 1941, inations to West Point. To qualify for the ton 25, D. C, or from any of the 25 District 7, and 8, 1945. award, the candidate must prin- Land Offices in the Western States. November secure a Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal: Given cipal appointment to the Academy, Farms in reclamation project areas, ir- supply all served in this theatre scholastic standing for rigated farms, are also open to veterans to who between high school, prep- aratory or college with general preferences as stated above, December 7, 1941, and March 2, 1946. work, and pass a physical examination with requirements of farming experience, American Campaign Medal: All per- by a qualified Army doctor. sonnel of forces served at Applications must be and cash assets sufficient to operate farms. armed who a made before July outside the continental limits 15 of each year. For printed application Information about free lands may be had station of the United States, all hon- form and other materials, write from the Commissioner, Bureau of Recla- or who served your De- orably within the United States for one partment Adjutant, or the National Amer- mation, at Sacramento, Cal., Billings, Mont., year 1941, and icanism Commission, National Headquar- Boise, Idaho, or Boulder City, Nevada. between December 7, March 1946. ters, The American Indianapolis Homesteading veterans may obtain loans 2, Legion, Occupation Medal: all 6, Indiana. for operating capital under the GI Bill of Army of To members served for least 30 after Rights, but not for construction. who at days May 8, 1945, in Germany, Austria, and EDUCATION OF ORPHANS OF DECORATIONS AND MEDALS part of Italy, (compartment of Venezia VETERANS

Decorations awarded personnel of the Giulia E Zara and Province of Udine) ; or Through the efforts of the Education armed forces for individual acts of gal- after September 2, 1945, in Japan or Ko- of Orphans of Veterans Committee of The lantry or for distinguished and meritorious rea. American Legion, of which General P. service, are distinct and separate from the Of the above WW2 service medals only C. Harris is Chairman, thirty-three States service medals, and will not be listed here. the American Defense and WW2 Victory have enacted laws providing for scholar- A veteran who has been awarded a dis- Medals are ready for distribution; the ships and other educational aid for or- tinctive decoration and has not received others will be represented by ribbons phans of veterans of the World Wars at- the medal to which he is entitled should, until the metallic tokens are available. All tending State educational institutions, infor the Army, write the Office of The Army posts or Naval stations, recruiting cluding colleges and universities. Some Adjutant General, Department of the offices, Legion Posts, and certain veteran other States have provisions for assis- Army, Washington 25, D. C, and for the and service organizations serve as dis- tance in other forms. In many States Navy and Marine Corps write Bureau of tributing centers for the two medals. Do provision for scholarships and other edu- Naval Personnel, Department of the Navy, not apply to Army or Navy Departments cational assistance has been made in col- Washington 25, D. C. for these two medals. leges and universities not conducted by Two distinctive service medals, in ad- the State. The Legion committee is condition to the Purple Heart, were issued for Women's Army Corps stantly working for the enlargement of service in WW1, without distinction of Women's Army Corps Service Medal: this educational program and will spon- component arm of service: the Victory This is a distinctive award, distinguished sor bills in States not now providing for Medal, and the Germany Occupation because it is the first such medal author- orphans of veterans when their legisla- Medal. ized exclusively for women serving with tures convene again. World War One the armed forces. It is awarded to that In addition to its work in promoting Purple Heart: While this is a decoration limited group who served in both the Federal and State aid for the education awarded for special service, this distinc- Women's Army Auxiliary Corps and the of orphans of veterans, this committee is tive badge of merit also falls on the border Women's Army Corps, for the first named frequently called upon to advise and rec- line of a service medal inasmuch as its between July 20, 1942, and August 31, ommend candidates for scholarships of- award becomes automatic under certain 1943; and for the latter September 1, fered in trusts or from private sources, fixed conditions. For WW1 service, the 1943, and September 2, 1945. Service in from the great body of sons and daughters Purple Heart was awarded to those who one unit only does not constitute eligibility. of veterans. had received a Meritorious Service Cita- Apply by letter with full identifying in- Reference to State laws already passed tion Certificate by the Commander-information to The Adjutant General, De- for the education of orphans of veterans chief of the AEF, and to service personnel partment of the Army, Washington 25, appears in this summary under the names wounded in action. In WW2 the conditions D. C. of States in the section devoted to State the award was made Rights and Benefits. A special guide pam- were modified and NAVY ACADEMY AP- only for wounds in action. No blank form ARMY AND phlet has been prepared by the committee, application, with full POINTMENTS FOR SONS OF The American Legion Handbook on Edu- is required, letters of SERVICE identifying service information should be DECEASED MEN cation of Orphans of Veterans, and is addressed to the Department of the Army, Under a law enacted by Congress in available on request. Information concern- if for the Army, and Department of the 1926, and amended in 1945 to include WW2, ing the provisions of individual States Navy, if for Navy or Marine Corps. provision is made for the Presidential may be obtained from Department Ad-

• 1947 gA.. • The American Legion Magazine December, jutants, or by writing the Special Activi- partments and available from the Legion who enlisted under the Voluntary Recruit- ties Section, Education of Orphans of Department Child Welfare Chairman at ment Act of 1945 (Public Law 190). Veterans Committee, National Headquar- Department Headquarters of The Amer- Alien .Fiancees. Application for entry of ters, The American Legion 777 North ican Legion. Before the application is alien fiancee or fiance under non-quo ia Meridian Street, Indianapolis 6, Indiana. sent to the National Child Welfare Divi- immigration status may be made until De- sion the application must be reviewed cember 31, 1947, but this applies only to NATIONAL COMMANDER'S and approved by the Legion Department those living in countries whose quota is SCHOLARSHIPS Child Welfare Chairman and have his overfilled. Entirely apart from Federal and State recommendation and signature attached. Monetary Claims. Claims against U. S. scholarships, or scholarships earned in the Complete information about the plan and Government may be filed until July 25, annual National Oratorical Contest, The operation of the Legion's child welfare 1952. American Legion offers to sons of de- activity is contained in child welfare pub- Special Employment Preference. All ceased veterans, twenty annual National lications, among which the Child Wel- U. S. Civil Service places as guards, ele- Commander's Scholarships, with a value fare Guide furnishes helpful information vator operators, messengers and custodi- of $1,200 each ($100 for each three months and should be available in every Post and ans are reserved for veterans only until the winner pursues a full-time course at Unit. The publications are available upon July 25, 1952. a college, university, or technical institute request to the Division at National Head- Naturalization of Spouses. Expeditious of college grade). The American Legion quarters without cost. naturalization of alien spouses or minor Auxiliary provides five National Presi- children of citizen members of the armed dent's Scholarships with a value of $600 TAX-FREE CIGARETTES forces or honorably discharged veterans each for daughters of deceased veterans. The efforts since 1930 of The American may be made until December 28, 1948. Any son of a deceased veteran of either Legion to purchase and distribute tax- Social Security Coverage. If death occurs World War who is actually in need of free cigarettes to veterans in VA hospitals within three years of discharge any vet- financial assistance to continue his edu- has been a continuous program, but was eran is considered to have been fully in- cation after completion of high school, not accomplished until the end of last year sured and to have received wages of $160 is eligible for a National Commander's when the necessary legislation was en- per month while in service for purpose of Scholarship, irrespective of the date or acted. determining benefits due his dependents cause of the death of the veteran parent. Posts of The American Legion and units under Social Security Act. Sons of living veterans are not eligible. of its affiliates, (American Legion Auxil- Homestead. Preferred right of applica- Applications will be submitted to the iary, Forty and Eight, Eight and Forty and tion for 90 days before general public may Post Commander in the community in Sons of the Legion), can now make direct apply for entry on public lands is extended which the candidate resides. The Post purchases of tax-free cigarettes and other to September 27, 1954. Spouse or minor Commander will make his comment and items for use of hospitalized veterans at children have this right for 10 years after recommendations before forwarding ap- the VA hospitals where they propose to end of war. plication to the Department Chairman of give service personally to patients. Pay- Education and Training. Program under Education of Orphans of Veterans. Final ments may be made to the manager of the GI Bill and Public Law 16 terminates on selection of three applicants from each hospital for the items and such money will July 25, 1956, (Enlistees under Public Law of the five areas and five applicants from go into the general post fund. The hospital 190 excepted.) Educational courses under the United States at large is made by a newspaper may inform its readers that both laws may be started up until four National Scholarship Committee meeting such donations have been received, and years after discharge, or July 25, 1947, at the National Headquarters. For appli- the cigarettes may be identified as being whichever is later. cation forms and general information, write presented by The American Legion or its Loan Guarantees. GI Bill loans for pur- the Department Chairman of Education of affiliates. Purchasers, however, cannot par- chase of homes, farms or businesses ter- Orphans of Veterans in your home De- ticipate in distribution of the items pur- minates July 25, 1957, except for enlistees partment, or the Special Activities Sec- chased and paid for. This distribution is under Public Law 190. tion, Education of Orphans of Veterans governed by a ruling of the Tobacco Sec- Review of discharges. Appeals for re- Committee, National Headquarters, The tion, Miscellaneous Tax Division, Bureau view may be made 15 years after dis- American Legion, 777 N. Meridian, In- of Internal Revenue. charge, or 15 years after June 22, 1944, dianapolis 6, Indiana. Practical operation of the plan of pay- whichever is later. ment and distribution has been worked Burial Allowance. Dependents may ap- NATIONAL CHILD WELFARE out by Robert M. McCurdy, Chairman, ply to VA for burial benefits for two years COMMITTEE National Rehabilitation Committee, The after death of veteran. Needy children of veterans will be as- American Legion, Pasadena, California. Compensation for Dependents. Depend- sisted by the Legion's national agency ents may claim a lump-sum payment of when local provisions are not available or DEADLINE FOR VET BENEFITS any compensation, pension withheld dur- are inadequate. This division of the Na- The "End of the War" Act of July 25, ing hospitalization, or return of personal tional Headquarters has through the years, 1947, (Public Law 239, 80th Congress), effects, within five years of death of a vet- in co-operation with the Auxiliary and fixed the termination date for many bene- eran in a VA hospital. Dependents may the Forty and Eight and the Eight and fits granted to veterans under the GI Bill also establish right to compensation based Forty, perfected a complete national cov- and other legislation. Time limits thus set on disability at any time after death of erage down to the community level. Dur- (including deadlines fixed by other stat- veteran. ing the year ending June 30, 1947, some utes) for the more important benefits and 413,445 children were aided in home care, privileges are: AMERICAN LEGION SERVICES medical and surgical needs, continuing National Service Life Insurance. Rein- The service organization developed and their education, etc., at a total cost of $3,- statement of term insurance without phys- maintained by The American Legion is a 017,286.50. Over the past 22 years $62,625,- ical examination until January 1, 1948. nation-wide group consisting of men and 695.12 has been spent for such aid. Beneficiary who began to receive NSLI women who, through years of experience, Local facilities for aid and service to benefits before September 30, 1944, may are technically equipped to handle any children should be utilized and every ef- change from Option 1 to Option 2 until question which may arise affecting the fort should be made to secure the benefits August 1, 1948. Those who did not take veteran and his dependents. Only a part from these local resources to help meet the NSLI while in service may apply for poli- of this organization is on a full-time paid needs of veterans' children. The Legion cies until January 1, 1950, and will not be basis, paid from the funds of The Amer- Posts and Auxiliary Units, with the sup- denied by reason of any service-connected ican Legion, or, in some cases, from appro- port of their Departments, can secure disability. Term insurance may be con- priations made by State Legislatures. The much needed aid for veterans' children verted to permanent type until five years volunteer workers make up a considerable through community, county, State and after issue, if dated after January 1, 1946; part and are no less efficient. These are the Federal provisions. eight years after issue if dated before service officers in local communities whose In each Department of the Legion and January 1, 1946. work begins at the grass roots. the Auxiliary there is a Department Automobiles for Disabled. Applications In the main the service organization falls Child Welfare Chairman, and in each post may be made by leg amputees until July into four principal divisions. The base upon and unit someone is assigned to the child 1, 1948. Automobiles may cost not more which the whole rehabilitation structure welfare service. When aid is sought from than $1,600. rests is composed of the Post Service Of- the National Child Welfare Division, Na- Terminal Leave Pay. Applications for ficers of the more than 16,500 Posts of The tional Headquarters, The American Le- pay may be made until September 1, 1948. American Legion who are the volunteer gion, Indianapolis 6, Indiana, application Readjustment Allowance. This benefit, community workers. The second division for such aid is made on a form furnished known also as unemployment compensa- is composed of the service workers repre- by the National Organization to the De- tion, ends July 25, 1952, except for those senting the Legion Departments (each De-

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 9A partment is contained within a single VA Regional Offices, each with State), a* given Arizona—Phoenix, 137 North 2nd and in many States the Legion territory to serve. Avenue Arkansas—Little Service Officer also represents the State Rock, Federal Building In addition to rehabilitation and claims California and, with his staff, — is paid from a State assistance work the National Field Secre- appropriation. The third Los Angeles 25, 1380 Sepulveda Blvd group is the taries serve as representatives of the Na- San Diego 12, P. O. National Field Service, countrywide in its tional Box 1111 Organization in the field and are San Francisco scope, with Field Secretaries located 3, 49 4th Street in called upon for general duties. They assist various areas. At the top in the Colorado—Denver 2, 1108 15th Street over-all in such programs as employment, child command is the Connecticut—Hartford 4, 95- Pearl National Rehabilitation welfare,. Americanism, membership, pub- Street Committee, with its staff Delaware—Wilmington 50, Dravo Building of experts, volun- lic relations, organization and counseling teer and paid, District of Columbia— extending over the whole new posts, etc. country. The four divisions are Washington 25, 1825 H Street N. integrated Field Secretaries, each with an assigned W into one closely knit service Florida—Miami 10, P. O. Box 1791 organization area to serve, are located in which, VA field sta- Pass-a-Grille Beach (address: without fee or charge, offers its tions as follows: P. O Box Atlanta, Georgia; New- 1437, facilities to war veterans to help them St. Petersburg) ark, New Jersey; Fayetteville, North Car- Georgia— with their problems in service matters. Atlanta, 105 Pryor Street, N. E olina; Little Rock, Arkansas; Boston, Mas- Idaho— The National Rehabilitation Committee sachusetts; Kansas City, Missouri; Boise, is a permanent agency maintained by The Boise, National Guard Barracks Building Idaho; Seattle, Washington; Denver, Col- Illinois— American Legion to conserve the interests Chicago 6, 366 West Adams St orado; New Orleans, Louisiana; Roanoke Indiana— of veterans of the two World Wars and Virginia; Manchester, New Hampshire- Indianapolis their dependents. It is supported from 9, 36 South Pennsylvania St Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Dallas, Texas; Chi- funds appropriated by the National Iowa—Des Moines 9 Or- cago Illinois; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; ganization and from part of the earnings Kansas— of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Los Angeles, the Legion's $7,000,000 Endowment Fund. Wichita 15, 3801 South Oliver Street California; Des Moines, Iowa; Buffalo Kentucky— (The balance of the earnings from this New York; San Francisco, California' Louisville Endowment go to the Child Welfare Com- Sioux 3, 1405 West Broadway Falls, South Dakota; Cincinnati, Louisiana— mittee.) Ohio, and New York City, New York. New Orleans The primary duties of the National Re- Each 12, 333 St. Charles Street Post of the Legion is expected to Shreveport habilitation Committee are to assist veter- have 63, 501 Ockley Drive a Post Service Officer who is quali- ans and their dependents to obtain pay- Maine—Togus fied to give disabled servicemen and their ment of their just claims under the various Maryland—Baltimore 2, VA Building St dependents assistance in preparing and laws enacted granting rights and benefits, Paul and Fayette Streets submitting claims and evidence. In addi- and to afford personal representation to Massachusetts—Boston 8, 17 Court Street tion to this officer, each local these claimants before unit is Michigan—Detroit 26, Guardian the rating and ap- urged to select Building pellate a Post Medical Officer and Minnesota— agencies of the Veterans Adminis- a Post Insurance Officer to aid in handling Minneapolis tration; to contact and study all VA ac- 8, 1006 West Lake Street the complex questions of medical evidence tivity, including Regional Offices and hos- Mississippi—Jackson and the various phases of insurance. These pitals; and to co-ordinate the Legion's Missouri—Kansas City 6, Municipal Audi- Post service workers form the grass-root effort in behalf of the disabled with torium, 13th and Wyandotte Streets that division who are the contact of the Federal Government. officers in St. Louis 2, 415 Pine Street thousands of communities not The National Rehabilitation Committee in ready Montana—Fort Harrison access to the Regional Offices or field sta- proper is composed Nebraska—Lincoln 1, Veterans of one member from tions of the Veterans Building each Department, and Administration. For 12th and O Streets an advisory group the most part this selected work is performed by Nevada Reno because of outstanding medical, volunteers. — legal, or general ability or experience New Hampshire— in The Post Service Officer usually chan- rehabilitation matters. In addition Manchester, Federal Building to the nels his claims through the Department general membership there is an Executive New Jersey—Newark 2, 20 Washington PI Service Officer, who has immediate ac- Section composed of 18 members, and four New Mexico— cess to the VA offices in the region. Con- advisory boards on general subjects, med- Albuquerque, 115 South 3rd Street tacts in claims or other similar matters ical and hospital matters, insurance and New York—Albany 1, Watervliet Arsenal made with the National Rehabilitation education. Members of the committee and Brooklyn 5, 35 Ryerson Street Committee or its Director should be made advisory boards receive no compensation Buffalo, 151 West Mohawk Street through the Department Service Officer ex- other than transportation costs and a New York 1, 252 7th Avenue per cept in urgent, emergency matters. diem allowance to cover other expenses. Syracuse 2, Chimes Building, 500 South A Manual for Post Service Officers has In their frequent meetings, national, area been Salina Street and prepared by the National Rehabili- North department, this group of specialists tation Carolina— Committee which contains definite direct and control the work that goes Winston-Salem. 310 West 4th Street on instructions for procedure in from the central office connection North Dakota and in the field day with all —Fargo claims. This manual is revised after day and year after year. Ohio—Cincinnati 2, 209 from time to time as East 6th Street The principal required by changes office of the National Re- in Cleveland 14, Cuyahoga Building the laws and regulations. Copies are habilitation Committee is at 1 608 Oklahoma—Muskogee, 2nd and K furnished for the guidance of Court Sts Street Northwest, service of- Oklahoma City, Washington 6, D. C, un- ficers through the 1101 North Broadway der the several Department Oregon— immediate direction of T. O. .Headquarters. Portland 5, 1019 S. W. 10th Ave Kraabel, Director. Into this office flows' Pennsylvania— The assistance given in connection with the great volume of rehabilitation matters Philadelphia 2, 128 North Broad claims is only a part of the service ren- Street from the field, and here, close Pittsburgh 22, 107 6th to the Cen- dered to veterans by the Street tral Office of the VA, are Legion National Re- Wilkes-Barre, 19-27 North service habilitation Committee. Of overwhelming Main Street experts who have specialized in every Rhode Island— importance is the Committee's constant phase of the law relating to veterans and Providence 3, 100 Fountain Street study of the operations of all governmental the benefits to which they are entitled. South Carolina—Fort Jackson This agencies, including the Central staff is Office of South accustomed to handling problems of the Veterans Dakota—Sioux Falls highly Administration, its Branches technical aspects of both law and Tennessee—Nashville 5, White Regional Offices, Hospitals and Homes' Bridge Rd medicine. Texas—Dallas 9, Love Field This division is charged with the respon- In addition to the staff maintained Houston 2, Federal at the sibility of developing information Office Building Washington office, 13 units leading Lubbock, Army Air of two repre- to legislative extensions Field sentatives and a secretary and clarifications San Antonio each are main- in behalf of veterans. 5, 102 West Crockett Street tained at every VA Branch Office. Waco Co-operating with Utah—Salt this staff and de- LIST OF VA REGIONAL OFFICES Lake City 4, 1710 South Red- voting approximately 80 wood Road percent of its One or more Regional time to _ Offices of the rehabilitation subjects is the Na- VA Vermont—White River Junction is maintained in every State for tional Field Service, which was formerly the con- Virginia— venience of veterans of all wars. a part of the Rehabilitation Service, but It is Roanoke 11, 211 West Campbell through these offices that most Avenue with enlarged duties is now veteran Washington—Seattle set up as a problems are handled 4, Textile Tower, 7th separate unit. The National and claims are and Olive Way Field Service cleared. Communications may operates from the National Headquarters be ad- West Virginia— dressed to the Manager, Veterans 777 North 6,' Ad- Huntington Meridian St., Indianapolis ministration 1, 824 5th Avenue Indiana, under Jack Oakey Regional Office, at the loca- Wisconsin— as Director tion as given below: and with Field Milwaukee Secretaries stationed in 24 Alabama—Montgomery 2, 342 North Water Street 4, 400 Lee Street Wyoming—Cheyenne The American 10A Legion Magazine • December, 1947 STATE RIGHTS AND BENEFITS

THE information concerning the benefits and rights is necessarily brief because of the limitation of space, granted by the several States to war veterans, but additional information, if required, on any sub- with special emphasis on both World Wars, was com- ject covered in the summary can be had from the piled from reports submitted by authorities within Legion or State Service Officers, whose names are each State. Before taking final form the resume for each given at the bottom of each State summary. The in- State was forwarded to the Department Adjutant or formation herein is brought up to date as of Oc- Department Service Officer of The American Legion tober 1, 1947, and is subject to change by subse- for checking and verification. The outline of benefits quent action of the State Legislatures.

ALABAMA unless discharged for line of duty injury Preference rating of 10 percent given Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act or disability. veterans in examinations for professional revolving fund of is trade licenses. provides for appointment of guardian for A $3,000,000 au- and this fund is not incompetent veterans or minor child of a thorized, but as completed, Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act request is made to withhold applications for incompetent veterans and minor chil- veteran. Other measures protect the inter- until 1948, unless absolutely necessary. No dren. ests and safeguard the welfare of depen- date limit is fixed for applications. Com- Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- dent children. plete information, with forms, from Com- erans only. Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- missioner Veterans' Affairs, Juneau, Land Settlement Benefits. Preference to erans only. of Poll Tax Exemption. Veterans of both Alaska. veterans in sale of State-owned land, and Legion Service Agency. Claims assistance protection rights established holders World Wars are permanently exempt from of by and other aids to veterans is extended of donation certificates. payment of poll tax. through the several Post Service Officers Medals. Decoration Recording. Free recording of honorable War Commission au- and the central office at Department Head- thorized to adopt medallion or medal and discharges by probate judges, and free quarters. Address: Ted Smith, Department service ribbons under Act of 1943. copies from public records if needed by Service Officer, Box 1218, Juneau, Alaska. Recording. Discharges recorded free by the Veterans Administration. Tax Exemptions. WW2 veterans are en- county recorder; free copies from public ARIZONA records for wards and for claim pur- titled to exemption of $35 business or oc- allowance for burial of poses; veterans deposit military rec- cupational tax for six years after dis- Burials. County may indigent veterans or their widows which ords and papers with Bureau of War Rec- charge. Veterans of all wars 25 percent or may not be made in Potter's Field; maxi- ords for safekeeping. more disabled have $25 State, county and of provided. Applications are Preference. Five points prefer- municipal exemption of business and pro- mum $150 Veterans made to County Board of Supervisors. ence added to earned rating for any vet- fessional tax so long as disability con- Employment. Preference to veterans, ap- eran; ten points for service -connected dis- tinues; WW2 veterans 25 percent disabled plication made through U. S. Employment abled, or disabled veteran over 55 years are entitled to both $35 and $25. Property Office. of age. War service credit to be given by of incompetent veterans exempt up to Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act all units in computing retirement bene- $2,000, and proceeds from any form of to place Arizona on par with other States. fits. Government insurance or benefits is ex- Legion sponsored act drawn by American Education. Aid for children empt from State income tax. War Orphans Veterans Preference. Veterans, their wives Bar Association. of veterans killed or died in service, or Recording. Discharge papers recorded free having died before December 31, 1946, is or widows are given preference in State county recorder. No charge for no- granted under an appropriation of $3,600 civil service examinations, and are pro- by tary service can be made, and free copies annually. Free tuition in State institutions tected in case of reduction; this class shall public records for wards and claim pur- of college grade. be last to be dismissed. Rights of retire- State Service Agency. Arkansas Veterans ment system preserved to teachers. poses. currently appro- Service Office, with an annual appropria- War Orphans Education. Aid for children Relief Commission. $7,500 priated for emergency, temporary relief tion of $33,900 for 1948 and 1949, is main- of veterans WW1 expired. Act provides for veterans. Fund is administered tained aid and assist veterans, and to accepting and administering any fund do- for needy to Legion Posts, and is used their claims against the Federal nated by The American Legion or Auxil- locally through prosecute in conjunction with a Legion Department Government. additional appropriation iary for scholarship in State institutions. An for purpose. Eligibility for bene- is granted to maintain State Service Agency. Created by the fund same of $5,000 a Child fits: honorable discharge, resident of State Welfare Division within the Service Legislature in 1945, a new department Office- one year, and proved emergency need. of 1947 permits county or broadens the scope of work of the former for Act municipal Legion fund requires disablement. units to maintain full-time local veterans' State Service Commissioner. Annual ap- Exemption. Property tax exemption service officers. Address: L. propriation of $375,000 permits employ- Tax Joe Hearne, to veterans of $2,000 if value is under State Service Officer, War Memorial Build- ment of full-time staff to serve veterans Residence on or before September ing, Little Rock, Arkansas. and to maintain a Legion accredited rep- $5,000. required. resentative in each county. Address: C. C. 1, 1945, Preference. Any sub-division us- CALIFORNIA Horton, Director, State Department of Veterans ing merit system is authorized to give 5 Burials. Indigent veterans and their wid- Veterans' Affairs, 4th Floor, Bell Build- points preference to veterans, their wives ows may be buried at expense of county ing, Montgomery, Alabama. or widows. State system, no point pref- in any cemetery other than those used ex- ALASKA erence. War service credit under teachers clusively for paupers. Maintenance of retirement Act. grave is county charge. Bonus. Authorized in 1946, a sum in dol- Service Officer. Full time Service Officer, Educational Benefits. Maximum of $1,000 lars equal to the months in service multi- with staff of 2 assistants, operated jointly provided for WW2 veterans and their wid- plied by ten is payable to WW2 veterans the Legion and the State, serves in to assist in continuing educational for service between September 16, 1940, by ows field duty, as a clearing place for veterans, courses, to include tuition, incidental ex- and November 30, 1945. There is also a and presentation of all claims. Annual ap- penses and subsistence. This benefit ad- loan feature. If the veteran elects to take propriation from state $13,500.00. Address: ministered by Director of Veterans' Af- the loan, on which there is a 4 percent Spencer Thompson, State Service Officer, fairs. Children of disabled veterans are interest charge, he will not be eligible for 409 Arizona State Building, Phoenix, Ari- from tuition fees in State-owned the bonus. exempt zona. colleges and universities. To be eligible for the bonus the veteran ARKANSAS Home Loan. Benefits of Farm must have been a resident of Alaska one Farm and Loan Act are open to veterans year before entry into the service and Educational Benefits. Annual appropria- and Home of both World Wars, conditioned on dis- returned to the Territory for residence tion of $50,000 for 1948 and 1949 for edu- charge under honorable conditions and after discharge, or, he is eligible if he had cation subsidy for veterans WW2 whose in being residents of California at time of five years of residence in Alaska before professional training cannot be had enlistment, induction or commission. When entry into service and took residence else- State institutions; students selected on eligibility is proved and appraisal on prop- where after discharge. No payment is basis of need, scholastic attainments and pursuits. erty approved, veteran is entitled to se- made for service of less than one year, qualification for professional The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • HA. cure a loan of $7,i>00 on purchase of a Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act Home Commission, is maintained for dom- home up to $10,000; $13,500 loan on farm for protection of incompetent veterans and iciliary care and medical treatment of up to $15,000; at 3 percent interest. Ad- for minor children receiving benefits. the disabled and others without adequate ministered by Department of Veterans' Homes. The State Soldiers' and Sailors' means of support. Aid may be given to a Affairs, 1020 N Street, P. O. Box 1559, Home is maintained at Monte Vista, Col- permitted class of dependents for any vet- Sacramento 7, California. orado, to which veterans of the two World eran being cared for at the home, or at Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act Wars, their wives or widows are entitled other institution. Publication of names of for protection of incompetent veterans and to admissions under certain conditions. beneficiaries from charity or welfare minor children. Land Settlement. Preference is given to funds forbidden. Home and Hospital. State Veterans' Home veterans for settlement for agriculture on Housing. An appropriation of five and a at Yountville, Napa County, is maintained State Lands, with credit for purchase half million dollars was made at 1946 for disabled veterans who are without computed at a rate per day for war serv- special session of the General Assembly adequate means of support. Eligibility re- ice. to aid local communities to provide hous- quirements are same as VA Homes; 10 Recording. Discharges recorded free. ing for veterans. An appropriation of $15,- years residence in State is necessary. Copies of public records required by vet- 000,000 was made at the 1947 session of the Housing. Appropriation of $4,500,000 made erans or dependents in obtaining benefits General Assembly to guarantee bond is- in 1947 to complete 1,803 veterans' tem- are furnished without cost. sues on the local level for low rental porary housing units; $1,000,000 appropri- Veterans Preference. The law provides housing projects with preference to vet- ated as revolving fund for purchase of war that preference shall be given veterans in erans. surplus buildings for resale to veterans; civil service appointments, and for the Recording. Town clerks are required to property owned or controlled by a muni- preservation of their rights under the civil record discharges without fee. cipality may be leased not to exceed 50 service act and unemployment compensa- Relief Fund. To assist Connecticut veter- years to non-profit corporation for hous- tion act. The credits and preferences are ans, their widows and dependent children ing development; time for applications for identical with those of the U. S. Civil under 16 in temporary financial need, a State funds for temporary housing extend- Service Commission. Soldiers', Sailors' and Marines' Fund was ed to April 6, 1948. Minor veterans are Legion Service Agency. A separate divi- created in 1919 with an initial two and a authorized to contract GI loans through sion for claims assistance and other serv- half million dollars authorized. The 1945 guardianship; but are eligible for State ice aids to veterans is maintained at Le- Legislature authorized an increase to $15,- farm and home loan without guardianship gion cost with a Service Officer and 000,000. The 1947 Legislature granted an proceedings. Assistant in the VA Regional Office, in increase to $25,000,000, the income being Recording. Discharges recorded free by addition to the 150 Post Service Officers derived from a cigarette tax. Emergency county recorder; no fee for notarization serving their communities. Address: Harry grants are made for temporary needs of or copies for official purposes. L. Erwin, Department Service Officer, all kinds. This fund is administered for Tax and License Exemptions. Property 603-604 Mining Exchange Building, Care the State by the Connecticut Department, owned by honorably discharged veterans Veterans Administration, Denver, Colo- The American Legion. Application for as- is exempt up to $1,000; if none owned by rado. sistance from this fund should be made veteran then wife is entitled. In either State Service Agency. A special depart- through the Service Officer of the nearest case value of property cannot exceed ment for service to veterans was created Legion Post. Any veteran who served in $5,000. Veterans are exempt from payment by the 1947 Legislature, with an annual time of war, was honorably discharged, of poll tax, and are entitled to peddler's appropriation of $100,000. A county serv- and was a citizen or resident alien of the license when wares are owned by vendor ice officer was also authorized for each State at the time of entering service is

(intoxicating liquors excluded) . Money re- county; an allowance of $50 monthly is eligible for this benefit. ceived as benefits from the Federal Gov- made from the State fund to apply on sal- Tax Exemptions. Exemption of $1,000 ernment or the State is exempt from ary. Address: William N. Rice, Director, property valuation for all veterans, and execution or attachment. Department of Veterans' Affairs, 213-218 up to $3,000 valuation to veterans with Veterans Preference. Honorably dis- Cooper Building, Denver, Colorado. disability ratings. Resident veterans may charged veterans are entitled to 10 points peddle without license. preference in examinations under State CONNECTICUT Veterans Preference. Preference through Civil Service; disabled veterans, 15 points. Bonus. Under a law enacted March 12, State merit system, giving five and ten War service counts as credit under State 1947, a State bonus of $10 per month up points in addition to earned rating, and to retirement act, teachers retirement, etc., to a maximum of $300 was provided for their widows and spouses where veteran and also for seniority in determining Connecticut veterans of WW2 who had by reason of disability is unemployable. layoffs in State service; leaves of absence service of 90 days or more between De- War service is credited on retirement for education; and experience credit un- cember 7, 1941, and December 3, 1945. time. der certain conditions. The eligible veteran must have been dom- War Orphans Education. Aid is granted War Orphans Education. Children of vet- iciled in the State for one year preced- children of servicemen killed in action or erans of both World Wars who were ing entry into service and separated from died as result of service. Amount, $200 per killed in action or died as a result of war service under conditions other than dis- year. service are entitled to special payments; honorable. In case of death of eligible Legion Service Agency. A service bureau $250 for any one year while in college or veteran the next-of-kin is entitled to pay- is maintained by the Connecticut Legion, trade school; $135 per year in high school. ment, with lump sum payment of $300 to through its Rehabilitation Commission at Legion Service Agency. The Department eligible survivors of servicemen who died an annual cost of about $15,000. This bu- Rehabilitation Commission, The American in active service. All applications should reau acts as central station for the Post Legion, operates jointly with the State in be made before July 1, 1949, to the Office Service Officers and claims coming in from caring for the problems of veterans and of the Treasurer, Veterans' Bonus Divi- the field. Address: Clarence C. Scarbor- in presenting and prosecuting claims. The sion, State Armory, Hartford, Connecticut. ough, Department Service Officer, The Commission is financed jointly by the Cali- Burial. State allowance up to $100 for American Legion, care Veterans Adminis- fornia Legion and the State, with an an- burial of indigent veterans. Burial in Pot- tration, 95 Pearl Street, Hartford, Conn. nual appropriation of approximately $500,- ter's Field forbidden. The National Guard 000. A staff of 126 assistants carry on the provides uniformed firing squad and bu- DELAWARE work at the home office and in the field. gler for burial of all war veterans. Re- Burial. An annual State appropriation of Address: Lewis S. Sloneker, Director of quest is made to nearest armory com- $4,000 is made for the burial of indigent Rehabilitation, The American Legion, 1380 manding officer. veterans. Sepulveda Boulevard, Los Angeles 25, Education. State Board o£ Education is Ambulance Maintenance. Kent County au- California. authorized to provide instruction and thorized to provide funds for maintenance Department of Veterans Affairs. Admin- training in subjects at secondary level free of ambulance furnished by The American isters the disbursement of State funds ap- of charge for veterans of WW2. The Amer- Legion at Smyrna (the first Legion am- propriated for veteran benefits, home and ican Legion annually gives one $200 schol- bulance service established). farm loans, the State Veterans Home, and arship to a child of a disabled veteran. Education and Training. Funds authorized is central office for the service officer for Guardianship^ Law provides for appoint- to the Board of Vocational Education for each county. Director, Laurence G. Ste- ment of guardian of incompetent veteran the rehabilitation of those wounded or vens, P. O. Box 1559, Sacramento 7, Cali- and minor dependents, with the Adminis- otherwise impaired by service in WW2. fornia. trator of Veterans' Affairs named as a Guardianship. Authorized for incompetent COLORADO party in interest. veterans and minor children, beneficiaries Burial. County allowance for burial of Homes and Hospitals. The State Veter- of payments from U. S. Government. indigent veterans, which may not be made ans' Home and Hospital at Rocky Hill, Medals. A State medal for WW2 service, in a Potter's Field. Conn., administered by the Veterans' to be awarded citizens who served hon-

12A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 orably, was authorized in 1945. Under of secondary or college grade for children pendents. County service officers are au- another act the Governor is authorized to between 16 and 22 whose parent died in thorized. The appropriation for 1947-49 is award the Delaware Conspicuous Service service or subsequently from service-con- $140,160 of which $50,000 is for relief. Ad- Cross to qualified eligibles in war service, nected causes. Must have been bonafide dress: Samuel E. Vance, Jr., Executive on recommendation of a Board. resident of Florida 5 years preceding ap- Secretary, Boise, Idaho. Recording. Certificates of discharge are re- plication. The American Legion also maintains its corded free; free notarial service to vet- Veterans Service Bureau. This is main- service to veterans through The American erans. tained to aid and assist veterans and to Legion Department Rehabilitation Com- Tax Exemptions. Money received for pen- disseminate information. The annual ap- mission at an annual cost of $9,600. Ad- sions or compensations for war service is propriation is approximately $150,000. dress: John P. Day, Department Service exempt. Honorably discharged veterans County service officers are optional. Ad- Officer, The American Legion, Veterans are exempt from payment of peddler's or dress: David L. Wiley, State Service Of- Administration, Boise, Idaho. auctioneer's license fees. ficer, care Veterans Administration, Pass- War Orphans Education. Children of men A-Grille Beach, Florida. ILLINOIS who died in service, or have died since Bonus. Act of June, 1946, ratified by voters from service-connected causes, are en- GEORGIA at November election following, provides titled to an allowance for educational pur- Employment Preference. Equal civil serv- for the payment of $10 for each month of poses to a maximum of $250 per child per ice preference to war veterans, and pres- domestic service and $15 for foreign serv- year. ervation of rights under Unemployment ice (including time in Alaska) with a Legion Service Agency. For information Compensation and teachers retirement. minimum of $50. Flat sum of $900 to sur- as to other rights and benefits write: Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act vivors of those who died in service. Dead- Thomas B. Egan, Department Service Of- with modifications. line for applications, July 1, 1949. For in- ficer, The American Legion, care Veterans Pensions. To Confederate veterans only. formation and forms for filing for Cook Administration, Dravo Building, Wilming- Recording. Discharges are recorded with- County (Chicago) address Service Recog- ton, Delaware. out cost by clerks of the Superior Courts. nition Board, 218 West Monroe Street, Tax Exemptions. Income tax exemption Chicago 6, III. For all other parts of State DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA during service and 6 months thereafter. and those living in other States address Employment Preferences. Full preference Disabled veterans may conduct any busi- Service Recognition Board, 301 West Ad- to veterans under the civil service system, ness not prohibited by law without license ams Street, Springfield, III. Eligibility re- with points added to earned grade. tax. Homestead exemption of $2000 to per- quirements are active duty with the armed General Benefits. The District of Colum- sons in military service during WW2. forces at any time between September 16, bia is administered by the National Con- War Orphans Education. Aid to children 1940, and September 3, 1945, by a resident gress, therefore preferential laws affecting of men who were killed in either World of Illinois, with honorable discharge or veterans resident in the area are those War or subsequently died as a result of continued service. Remarried widows are which are generally available to veterans such service up to $300 per child per year. not eligible; divorce prior to death of vet- and their dependents throughout the Free tuition is given in State institutions eran bars survivor from benefits. country. of secondary or college grade. Burial. Allowance up to $75 for burial of Recording. Certificates of service and dis- Veterans Service Office. Annual appro- indigent veterans or members of family. charges are recorded free by the recorder priations are made to support and main- Burial may not be made in a Potter's of deeds; small fee is charged for certified tain a central office and field staff to coun- Field. copies. sel and advise veterans, their dependents Employment Preference. Veteran has pref- War Orphans Education. Educational aid and beneficiaries as to their rights and erence for employment in State, county to the extent of $200 per year is given to benefits and to assist in the prosecution of and municipal units; preference under civil children of servicemen who died in serv- claims. Address: C. Arthur Cheatham, Di- service and merit systems, and war service, or as a result of their service between rector, Department of Veterans Service, ice is credited in computing retirement December 7, 1941, and July 25, 1947. Chil- 129 State Capitol, Atlanta, Georgia. Or, for benefits. dren must be between 16 and 21, and the Legion, address James N. Smith, De- Guardianship. Protection is given incom- must have been residents of the District partment Service Officer, The American petent veterans and minor children by for at least five years. Legion, Jefferson, Georgia. laws requiring strict supervision of funds Legion Service Agency. Address: Paul Fla- and property. herty, Department Service Officer, The IDAHO Homes and Hospitals. The State has es- American Legion, 917 Fifteenth Street N. Burials. County allowance up to $75 for tablished two hospitals for the care of dis- W., Washington 1, D. C. burial of indigent veterans, their wives or abled and mentally incompetent veterans, widows. located at Elgin and Jacksonville. The FLORIDA Employment Preference. Disabled veterans State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home is located Employment Preferences. Preference of to be given preference in public work of at Quincy, to which veterans and their ten percent in civil service, merit system any kind. Ten points in addition to earned wives without means of support may be and other competitive examinations for rating given in examinations under merit admitted. These institutions are under the public employment. War service credit for system. Employers refusing to hire veter- over-all management of the Department State officers, employees and teachers, and ans must make report giving reasons of Public Welfare, Division of Veterans preservation of benefit rights under unem- therefor. Benefit rights under unemploy- Service, Springfield, Illinois. ployment compensation act. ment compensation preserved. Recording. Honorable discharges are re- Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act, Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship law corded free in county offices; copies of and provision for appointment of conser- enacted. public records free when required by vator for incompetent veteran entitled to Homes. Veterans of both World Wars may Veterans Administration. payments. be admitted to the Idaho Soldiers' Home, Schools. The Soldiers' and Sailors' Chil- Land Settlement Benefits. Any veteran located at Boise. dren's School at Normal was originally es- may homestead not more than 40 acres of Notarial Service. Free, in connection with tablished as a home for orphans of Civil wild, swamp or overflow land, internal claims for compensation, etc. and Spanish-American War veterans, but improvement land, or tax forfeiture lands Recording. Discharge certificates recorded for many years has been operating as a not in public use. Get certificate from at no charge. Certified copies of public home and school for the children of veter- Commissioner of Agriculture, or County records furnished without charge when re- ans of both World Wars. Legion Service or Farm Agent and submit with application quired by the Veterans Administration in Child Welfare Officers will advise eligi- to Internal Improvement Fund. connection with claims for benefits. bility and procedure for admittance. Pensions. For Confederate veterans only. Tax Exemption. Veterans of either World Tax Exemptions. No personal exemption Recording. The clerk of each county is re- War, with service-connected disabilities, on real or personal property. Occupational quired to maintain a discharge book for owning property with total valuation un- licenses renewed in certain occupations if free recording of discharges. der $5,000 are entitled to property tax application is made within one year after Tax Exemption. Allowance of $5,000 tax exemption to the value of $1,000. termination of service. exemption on homes, and an additional Veterans Service Agency. The Idaho Vet- War Orphans Education. Aid to resident $500 exemption is given disabled veterans. erans Welfare Commission assists all vet- children of men who died in service in the Disabled veterans of Spanish-American erans and their dependents in any matters World Wars, or as a result thereof, $150 and both World Wars may be allowed $50 of individual concern to them including per child per year. Each county in State is exemption in State, county and municipal presentation of any claim for benefits with entitled to one scholarship at State Uni- occupational license. the Veterans Administration. Emergency versity for children of veterans, and other -War Orphans Education. Assistance at financial assistance is rendered to disabled scholarships are granted under certain State educational or training institution and destitute Idaho veterans and their de- conditions.

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • J3A Legion Service Agency: The Legion main- through the Legion's service office, oper- pendents is extended through this division tains a service for veterans from a central ated with a state -wide coverage through on a state-wide basis. It is maintained out office in Chicago, with other offices located local offices and the co-operation of Post of membership dues at an annual cost of in other cities and in Veterans Adminis- Service Officers. Address Oscar R. Brown, approximately $13,363. Address R. J. Laird, tration hospitals. This rehabilitation work Director of Rehabilitation, The American Department Adjutant and Service Officer, which serves many thousands of veterans Legion, 777 North Meridian Street, Indi- The American Legion, Argonne-Armory, and their dependents each year is carried anapolis, Indiana. Des Moines 9, Iowa. on at an approximate annual cost of State Service Agency. To aid and assist $104,000 and is financed by the Legion by veterans of all wars, Indiana has created KANSAS the annual poppy sale and from member- a Department of Veterans' Affairs, (Wil- Burial. County allowance for burial of ship dues. Address Lester R. Benston, Di- liam Stalnaker, Director, 431 N. Meridian indigent Union veterans and certain other rector of Rehabilitation, The American Street, Indianapolis 4, Indiana) , and a sys- veterans; burial may not be made in a Legion, Room 410, 343 South Dearborn tem of county service officers. The appro- Potter's Field. Counties may provide metal Street, Chicago 4, III. priation is $150,000 annually and an equal grave markers. State Service Agency: The Illinois Veter- amount is expended by the counties. The Employment Preferences. State civil serv- ans Commission, Homer Bradney, Director, county service officers cannot take power ice required to give veterans preference 223 East Monroe Street, Springfield, III., of attorney under Veterans Administration of 10 points and an additional 5 points to has been established to care for the vet- regulations; this power is given to the the disabled in addition to earned rating in erans of Illinois, and is operating with an veterans' organization of the claimant's competitive examinations. Preservation of annual appropriation of $1,410,000 in a choice. rights under unemployment compensation state-wide coverage. Its purpose is to IOWA and State school retirement system. assist veterans in their problems, includ- Bonus. A State bonus proposal will be Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act ing temporary emergency relief, rehabili- submitted to the voters at the 1948 gen- with modifications provides for protection tation, etc. eral election for ratification or rejection. of funds of incompetent veterans or minor INDIANA This proposal provides $10 for each month child, to receive certain benefits. Bonus. General Assembly of 1947 proof domestic service and $12.50 for each Homes. Veterans of both World Wars are vided for submission of question of the month of foreign service, up to a maxi- admitted to the State Soldiers Home at payment of bonus to the voters at the 1948 mum of $500. The eligibility requirements Dodge City and the Mother Bickerdyke general election, for the guidance of the are that the veteran must have been a Home at Ellsworth. The Board of Man- 1949 session .No rates fixed. legal resident at the time of enlistment or agers governing these two homes shall in- Burial. County allowance up to $75 for induction, and for six months prior, and clude two veterans of one or more wars; third burial of veterans, their wives or widows, served between September 16, 1940, and the member may be the widow, mother, sister other than residents of the State Home. If September 2, 1945; honorably discharged, or daughter of a veteran. burial plot is purchased, an additional $25 or still serving in an honorable status. In License Exemption. Exemption from pay- may be paid. case of death, surviving dependents would ment of professional and occupational li- Children's Home. The Soldiers' and Sailors' be entitled to the sum due the veteran; cense fees accruing while in military service, provided Children's Home at Knightstown is main- but if veteran died in service or subse- application for renewal is tained by the State to care for orphans of quently from service-connected causes, made within six months after discharge. veterans of all wars, giving domiciliary the eligible survivor shall be paid $500. Veterans generally entitled to free license care and educational opportunities. Pro- Burial. County allowance up to $100 for to peddle. No other tax exemptions. vision is also made for adoption out of the burial of indigent veterans, their wives, Recording. Discharges recorded free at Home. widows, or minor children. Burial may not offices of county recorder of deeds and Employment Preferences. Preference to be made in a Potter's Field. Also allow- the Adjutant General's Office, Topeka. veterans in State employment, and preser- ance for headstone and metal grave Notary charge limited to 15 cents; official vation of benefit rights under employment marker. copies when needed for claim purposes security act. Educational Benefits. Annual appropria- without charge. Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act tions for tuition of World War veterans at Legion Service Agency. A director and six safeguards the funds of disabled and in- State University and College of Agricul- full time assistants carry on the rehabili- competent veterans and their dependents ture and Mechanical Arts. Free tuition, tation and service work of the Legion, in received from Federal Government, with after 21 years of age, for as many months claims assistance and other aids. The cost modifications respecting the guardians of as veteran spent in service before 21. of this service is shared jointly by the minor children. Employment Preference. Preferences in State of Kansas and the Legion Depart- Homes. Veterans of both World Wars are appointment, employment and promotion ment. Address R. M. Collins, State Service given all privileges enjoyed by the older in public departments, with preservation Officer, The American Legion, 801 Har- veterans at the State Soldiers' Home, lo- of status and efficiency ratings; war service rison Street, Topeka, Kansas. cated at Lafayette. Residence of two years credit for retirement in police and firemen State Service Agency. Established in 1945, the Kansas Office of Affiairs in State is required; widows aged 45 or retirement systems. Veterans ex- more may be admitted. Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act tends service to veterans through the cen- License Exemptions. Free hunting, trap- with modifications, provides for the ap- tral and fifteen branch offices in rehabili- ping and fishing permits to veterans; vet- pointment of guardians for incompetent tation, readjustment and other problems. erans exempt for two years after discharge veterans and minor children. The annual appropriation for this bureau from payment of poll tax, disabled veter- Homes. The Iowa Soldiers' Home at Mar- is $150,000. Address Ray Overpeck, Di- rector Veterans' ans drawing disability pay, permanently shalltown is maintained for dependent of Affairs, 801 Harrison exempt. Reduction in fee for professional honorably discharged soldiers, sailors, ma- Street, Topeka, Kansas. and occupational licenses, without exami- rines and Army and Navy nurses, their KENTUCKY nation, granted on return from service. dependent wives and widows. It is under Recording. Discharges are recorded free of the administration of the State Board of Educational Benefits. Free scholarships charge; public officers are required to ex- Control, Des Moines. in higher educational institutions of the ecute papers in connection with claims Recording. Discharges recorded and in- State for veterans of World Wars. free of charge. dexed free by county recorders. Copies Employment Preferences. Preservation of Tax Exemptions. Totally disabled veterans from public records required to prove benefit rights under unemployment com- or their widows are allowed $1,000 valua- claim provided free. pensation act. Reinstatement of teachers tion exemption, provided total valuation Tax Exemptions. Veterans of WW1 may upon application made within 60 days after does not exceed $5,000. It is further pro- claim an exemption from taxation on discharge. vided that the age of 62 constitutes basis property up to $750 in actual value; those Guardianship. Uniform Guardianship Act of total disability for any pensioner. Ap- of WW2 have a tax exemption of $500. with modifications to protect incompetent plication for exemption is made to the au- War Orphans Education. Educational aid veterans or minors who receive payments. ditor of the county in which the veteran in attendance at any educational or train- Homes, Burial and Pensions. For Confed- resides. ing institution of college grade or in any erate veterans only, their wives and wid- War Orphans Education. Aid to resident business college or vocational training ows. Confederate Home is located at Pewee children of veterans who died in service school is provided for children of veterans Valley. or as a result of their service. Tuition is who were killed or died as a result of Recording. Discharge papers are recorded given free in Indiana University, Purdue service in the World Wars. The law allows free of charge. Notaries are allowed no University, Indiana State Teachers College a maximum of $300 per child per year for fee or compensation for affixing jurat to and Ball State Teachers College. this purpose. papers in claim cases, including claims of Legion Service Agency. Claims assistance, Legion Service Agency. Claims assistance, dependents. State Registrar is required to counsel and advice to veterans is extended aid and counsel to veterans and their de- furnish without cost copies of birth, sick-

14A ' The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 -

ness or death records in support of claims. State bonus to resident WW2 veterans de- Tax Exemptions. None, other than those Tax Exemptions. Totally disabled veterans feated at general election in 1946. granted to servicemen, or within a limited are exempted from the payment of poll Burial. State allowance up to $100 for time after discharge. taxes. Other laws relating to tax and li- burial of indigent veterans or their wid- Legion Service Agency. Claims assistance censes affecting veterans relate to men in ows. Burial may not be made in a Potter's and other aids to veterans are extended service and extension of time for payment Field. through the central office and the com- of taxes for 12 months after discharge. Children's Home. Preference is given to munity Post Service Officers. This program State Service Agency. The agency to assist the poor and neglected children of the is financed by the Legion at an annual cost veterans in Kentucky is known as the soldiers and sailors of Maine at the State of $14,620. Address: Norman C. Stiles, De- Kentucky Disabled Ex-Service Men's Military and Naval Children's Home lo- partment Service Officer, The American Board. The board employs three claims cated at Bath. Legion, Veterans Administration Building, reviewers and eight field secretaries who Civil Rights. Inmates of National Soldier's St. Paul and Fayette Streets, Baltimore 2, travel throughout the state, and one hos- Home at Togus are granted full voting Maryland. pital secretary. The board is financed by • rights. The law provides that no veteran State Service Agency. The duty of this the State with a yearly appropriation of or his family shall be maintained in a Agency is to assist veterans and their de- $100,000. The Executive Secretary is also poorhouse. pendents with their claims; authority is the Department Service Officer of The Employment Preferences. Five points in given to appoint a State service officer and American Legion. Address: K. C. Long, addition to earned rating for all veterans, necessary assistants. The annual appro- Department Service Officer, The American and 10 points for disabled, is provided priation is $112,722. Address: Maryland Legion, care of Veterans Administration, under the State civil service. Ten points Veterans' Commission, Richard C. Man- 1405 West Broadway, Louisville, Kentucky. preference is given wives, when veteran ning, State Service Officer, 8 South Street, is unable to work, and widows. War service Baltimore 2, Maryland. LOUISIANA credit and protection of rights under State Burial. Expenses of attendance of a firing and teachers retirement systems and un- MASSACHUSETTS squad from National Guard or veterans' employment compensation act. Bonus. In 1945 a State bonus of $100 for organization allowed. Registration of Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act those under six months in service and graves of veterans is required to be kept specially adapted to cover the cases of in- $200 for all others was enacted. This was by the Adjutant General. competent veterans and minor children. amended in 1946 raising the bonus to $200 Employment Preferences. Veterans are License Exemptions. Free hunting and for over six months service and $300 for given preference in the State and New fishing license to resident WW2 veterans those who had overseas service. The eligi- Orleans civil service systems. Benefits for two years after discharge, or Decem- bility requirements are that a veteran under the teacher retirement system are ber 31, 1948, whichever is later. must have served honorably on active preserved. Recording. Fee for recording discharges duty between September 16, 1940, and De- Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act in the offices of town, city or county cember 31, 1946. Six months residence in for protection of funds and property of in- clerks is fixed at 25 cents. Death records the State prior to entry into service is re- competent veterans and minor children. are required to designate war veterans quired; no restriction on residence aftei Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- and name war in which he served. discharge, and no deadline for filing ap- erans only, their wives and widows. Tax Exemptions. Veterans with service plications has been fixed. Surviving de- Homesteads. Veterans may homestead on connected disability exempted from poll pendents are entitled to bonus due de- State lands under an Act of 1938, and vet- tax. Exemption of $3,500 valuation for all ceased veterans. Apply to State Treasurer, erans returning from WW2 may have veterans reaching the age of 62 years, and Bonus Division, 15 Ashburton Place, Bos- credit for residence on land equal to time for those drawing retirement pay, pension ton, Mass. served in the armed forces. The Home- or compensation for total disability. Also Burial. State allowance for burial of instead Act is administered through the eligible are minor children of deceased digent veterans and certain members of office of the Registrar of the State Land veterans drawing dependency pension or their families. Burial may not be made in Office, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. compensation. a Potter's Field. Provision is also made for Recording. The fee for recording discharge Legion Service Agency. The Legion's state- payment up to $50 to American Legion, papers is limited to 25 cents. Free copies wide coverage in aid to veterans is main- VFW or DAV Posts for expenses in con- are furnished wards under guardianship tained at an annual cost of approximately ducting military funeral for war dead act when required for use with claims. $16,000, paid from membership dues, with returned from overseas. Tax Exemptions. Veterans of WW2 are a director and two assistants. Address: Educational Preferences. Veterans with entitled to an exemption of income tax Fred A. Clough, Department Service Offi- 60 days service or more are entitled to of $1,500 if single, and $2,500 if married, cer, The American Legion, Togus, Maine. take university extension courses, free, for the years 1945 to 1950, inclusive. Other State Service Agency. This division ad- for period of 4 years from date of dis- exemptions relate to those actively serv- ministers a special rehabilitation fund for charge. ing in the armed forces. pension matters for Civil and Spanish- Employment Preferences. Preference to Veterans Housing. An appropriation of American War veterans and widows, and veterans in State civil service and in cer- $500,000 was made in 1946 for construction to give financial aid to dependents of dis- tain local units. Holders of the Congres- and maintenance of veterans' housing units abled and deceased veterans of the World sional Medal of Honor, Distinguished on the campuses of State educational in- Wars, in addition to other services to vet- Service Cross or Navy Cross are entitled stitutions. erans in claims assistance, etc. The annual to appointments under civil service with- War Orphans Education. Educational aid, appropriation for administration is $78,000. out examination. War service credit is free tuition in State colleges, plus $300 per The appropriation for Spanish War Pen- given in computing time for retirement. year, is given children of men who died in sions is $32,000 annually and for aid to de- Homes. The Masachusetts Soldiers' Home service in the World Wars or have since pendents of deceased or disabled veterans and Hospital at Chelsea will admit any died as a result of such service. $250,000 annually. Address: Fred Rowell, honorably discharged soldier or sailor Legion Service Agency. A service division Director, Division of Veterans' Affairs, whose war service is credited to Massa- is maintained, directed from the Depart- State House, Augusta, Maine. chusetts and who is in need of domiciliary ment Headquarters, for claims assistance or medical care. Applications for admit- and counsel to veterans, as well as aid in MARYLAND tance are made to Commandant, Soldiers' caring for other problems. Address: Matt Employment Preferences. Preference rat- Home, Chelsea. The Legislature of 1947 Monaghan, Department Adjutant, The ing is given to veterans in employment provided for the construction and main- American Legion, Room 201, 720 Union under any county or municipal civil- tenance of another Soldiers' Home at Street, New Orleans 12, Louisiana. service or merit system. Those under 55 Holyoke. State Service Agency. This bureau is may be exempt from any age limitation or Land Settlement. A farm aid bureau is charged with the duty of assisting veterans requirement. Rights under unemployment established in the department of Agri- of all wars through its central office and compensation act are preserved. culture to give assistance to veterans who field stations. Veterans' organizations nom- Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act desire to engage in farming. The bureau inate the members; the director must be a provides for care and conservation of funds operates with the State college extension veteran. The annual appropriation for the of incompetent veterans and minor chil- divisions and veterans' organizations. office is $437,000. Address: J. H. Darwin, dren receiving awards or benefits. Recording. Discharges recorded free in Sr., Director, Department of Vetercm Af- Recording. Honorable discharge certifi- city or town offices of record. Public rec- fairs, Baton Rouge 4, Louisiana. cates recorded free by clerks of the courts. ords required by veterans or dependents State registrars are required to furnish to support claims furnished without cost MAINE birth or death records without charge to claimants. Bonus. WW1 bonus of $100, granted in when used in connection with a claim for Tax Exemptions. Exemption for veterans 1919, expired. Proposal for payment of benefits. of all wars and their wives on taxation of

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • J.5A property in the amount of $2,000 where the Wives and widows of eligible veterans are Minnesota Soldiers' Home, located at Min- combined value is not greater than $8,000, admitted. neapolis, under certain conditions. Hospi- provided the veteran has a service-con- Loans and Rehabilitation. The 1946 Legis- tal at the Home for the care of inmates. nected disability of 10 percent or more. lature created a Veterans Trust Fund of Provision has also been made for the es- Veterans' Benefits. State aid, military aid $50,000,000, the income from which is to tablishment of a veterans' recreation and and soldiers' relief are combined as Vet- be used for emergency loans to veterans recuperation camp. erans' Benefits. Veterans and their de- of WW2 for educational and rehabilitation Pensions. For Indian War veterans only. pendents who have a settlement in Massa- purposes, and to their wives and depen- Recording. Fee of register of deeds for re- chusetts or have lived in the State for dents. The fund is administered by a cording discharge papers is paid by the three years prior to application, who are Board of Trustees but disbursements are county. No charge for copies of birth, wholly or partly unable to maintain them- made through county treasurers on rec- death, marriage or divorce records when selves are entitled to financial assistance ommendation of county committees. used in support of claim for compensation when needed. Administered locally. Recording. Discharge papers are recorded or benefits. War Orphan Education. Aid in the amount and indexed free by county clerks; notary Relief and Rehabilitation. An appropri- of a maximum of $350 per year is given to fee limited to 15 cents for veteran claim ation of $1,250,000 is available for provid- children of men who died in service during purposes; 25 cents for other claimants. ing veterans with necessities, including the World Wars or subsequently died as a One copy of public record is furnished tools and equipment for use in trade or result of such service. free for use in connection with claim. business. Allowances are made on the Legion Service Agency. This service ex- Tax Exemptions. Disabled veterans of all basis of need and limited to not more than tending to every community has for its wars are entitled to a $2,000 homestead $250. This benefit does not extend longer principal work that of claims assistance exemption, provided the property is not than five years after discharge. The fund and counseling veterans and their depen- valued higher than $7,500. Veterans are is administered by the Commissioner of dents. It is maintained at an administra- exempt from fee for peddler's license. Veterans' Affairs. The Soldiers' Home tive cost of approximately $20,000 annually, War Orphans Education. Free tuition in Board is authorized to extend relief out- paid from the organization funds. Address: State institutions of secondary or college side the home to widows, deserted wives, Timothy J. Buckley, Department Service grade is given children of servicemen who children or parents of veterans under cer- Officer, The American Legion, 1 Court died in service, or have since died, or be- tain conditions. Street, Boston, Mass. come totally disabled as a result of such Tax Exemption. Veterans are exempt State Service Agency. The local and State service. from payment of fee for peddler's license. veterans services are co-ordinated through Legion Service Agency. Two offices are No other exemptions except those relating a central office. A mandatory provision re- maintained in addition to seven field serv- to men in service and for a brief time quires all cities and towns to establish a ice officers, under general supervision of after discharge. Department of Veterans' Services, and all Department Headquarters. The program Legion Service Agency. The work of this such local and district offices are financed costs $91,000 per year and is financed by division conforms to the general service by local funds, subject to the supervision State appropriation. Address Carleton L. work in claims assistance, rehabilitation, of the central office. For information ad- Seaman, Department Service Officer, The etc., on the standard set by the national dress: Francis X. Cotter, Commissioner of American Legion, Union Guardian Build- organization. The director and five staff Veterans' Services, State House, Boston, ing, Detroit 26, Michigan. members operate at an annual cost of Mass. State Service Agency. The chief contact $20,000, paid out of the Legion Department MICHIGAN agency between the State and its veterans funds. Address James C. Kelly, Director is the Office of Veterans' Affairs, Elmer J. of Rehabilitation, The American Legion, elections a Bonus. At the 1946 general Hanna, Director, 411-15 West Michigan 600 Shubert Building, St. Paul 2, Minne- authorizing bonus proposal was ratified Avenue, Lansing 15, Michigan. This office sota. payment of $10 for each month of home does not handle claims for pension or State Service Agency. The Department of of foreign service and $15 for each month compensation paid by the Veterans' Ad- Veterans' Affairs is the office of contact of $500. Next- service, up to a maximum ministration. between the State and its veterans, and in in case of death of of-kin becomes eligible addition to its functions as an office of as- veteran, but dependency must be shown. MINNESOTA sistance and record, the commissioner ad- honorable Eligibility requirements are Bonus. The 1947 Legislature authorized a ministers the $2,500,000 educational and re- service in the armed forces of the United state-wide vote on the bonus question to habilitation State fund. Address William between States for more than 60 days be held at the 1948 general election. The E. Revier, Commissioner, 400 Shubert June 30, 1946. September 16, 1940, and question is: "Shall Minnesota pay a bonus Building, St. Paul 2, Minnesota. least 6 months Residence in Michigan for at to WW2 veterans?" If the voters approve, prior to entering service is required; no the 1949 session must enact legislation fix- MISSISSIPPI All restrictions on post-war residence. ing rates of payment, eligibility require- Education of Veterans. Appropriation of completed before applications must be ments, and method of financing. The State $1,000,000 made in 1946 for additional fa- application forms and March 19, 1949. For paid a bonus to WW1, Spanish-American cilities at State educational institutions General's Of- information write Adjutant War, Philippine Insurrection and China for veterans under the GI Bill. Michigan. fice, Bonus Section, Lansing 1, Relief Expedition veterans. Farm and Home Purchases. The 1946 Leg- burial Burials. County allowance for the Burial. No allowance for indigent veter- islature appropriated $5,000,000 to aid vet- and wid- of indigent veterans and wives ans; up to $100 for members of families. erans who have been unable to obtain 4 for ows of veterans. Counties to apply Burial may not be made in Potter's Field. percent loans from private lending agen- in place. headstones and have them set Headstones for indigents to be applied for cies to buy a small home or farm. Act does School dis- Educational Opportunities. and set in place by office of Commissioner not apply to those able to negotiate loans schools authorized to tricts having high of Veterans' Affairs. under GI Bill, and is available only after of education for operate veteran institutes Educational Opportunities. Expenditures failure to obtain loan from private agen- war. Financial assis- 7 years after end of from the war veterans fund for the tuition cies. Veteran must have been a resident college grade institutions to assist tance to of soldiers and for the children of soldiers two years prior to December 7, 1941; veterans; such in education of WW2 who have died as a result of service lim- served at least 60 days and separated under annually for each schools to receive $250 ited to $1,250,000. Not more than $250 per honorable conditions. For full information, appropri- veteran in attendance; $500,000 year shall be expended for any soldier or address Veterans' Farm and Home Board, for 1947. ated for this purpose child. Fund administered by the Com- Box 115, Jackson, Mississippi. to Employment Preferences. Preference missioner of Veterans' Affairs. Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act veterans in county and State civil service, Employment Preferences. Preference, with modifications, provides for guardian under unem- with preservation of rights rights and privilege granted veterans of for incompetent veterans and minor chil- compensation act. War service ployment all wars under State or local civil service dren receiving benefits. retirement time. credit given in computing acts; rating of 5 points for all vets and 10 Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- Guardianship Act Guardianship. Uniform points for disabled in addition to earned erans only, their wives and widows. Beau- provides safeguard for with modifications grade in some counties. War service credit voir Soldiers' Home at Biloxi is main- of incompetent veter- funds and property in counting time for retirement. tained for these veterans. benefits. ans and minor children receiving Guardianship. Commissioners of Veterans' Job Training. State has set up staff of Facility Homes. The Michigan Veterans' Affairs authorized to act as guardian for supervisors for qualifying veterans for at Grand Rapids is open to all veterans incompetent veterans and minor children On-the-Job Training, supplementing the incapable of earning a livelihood. Service receiving benefits when no other person is benefits of the GI Bill. Full information of 90 days or more is required, services named. from Director, On-the-Job Training Divi~ must have been credited to Michigan, or Homes. Admission of veterans of any war, sion, Box 940, Jackson. veteran resided in the State five years. their wives, widows or mothers to the Recording. Honorable discharges and cer-

IgA. • The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 tificates of service recorded by chancery Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act ing pension or compensation; old age as- clerks free. for protection of funds of incompetent vet- sistance per capita waived for the totally Tax Exemptions. None of permanent na- erans and minor children. disabled. No property tax exemptions. ture affecting veterans of the World Wars. Homes. Veterans of the World Wars, their Vocational Rehabilitation. State Voca- Vocational Farm Training. Special op- wives and widows of the age 55 or over tional Rehabilitation Department affords portunities for veterans who operate farms are admitted to the State Soldiers Home training to handicapped veterans unable to or who desire farm training. Apply to under certain conditions of disability and qualify for such training under Public county service officer for information and inability to maintain themselves. Law 16, with textbooks, tools, etc., fur- forms. Recording. Honorable discharges are re- nished. Maintains splendid trade school at State Service Agency. The State Service corded free by the county clerk; copies of Milford. Commission maintains a full-time office at public records required to prove claims Department of Veterans' Affairs. Under Jackson with a Commissioner and six as- against the government furnished without a law passed by the 1947 Legislature, a sistants, all of whom are recognized as cost. State Department of Veterans' Affairs be- Legion Service Officers. It was established Jury Duty. World War veterans receiving gan functioning on July 1, 1947. The State in 1924 to assist veterans of all wars and compensation for disability are exempt Service Office, the Nebraska Veterans' Aid is the central agency through which all from jury duty. Fund, and On-the-Job Training are all groups work. The annual appropriation is Tax Exemptions. Disabled WW veterans supervised by this department. Louis R. $54,600. Most counties have county serv- are exempt from payment of poll tax. No Eby, State Capitol, Lincoln, is Director of ice officers. Address John R. Powell, property tax exemptions. Veterans' Affairs. Elmer A. Webb, Veter- Commissioner, State Service Commission, Legion Service Agency. The rehabilitation ans Bldg., 12th and O Sts., Lincoln, is P. O. Box 688, Jackson, Mississippi. service, claims assistance, and relief work State Service Officer and Legion Depart- of the Legion is carried on through its ment Service Officer. All veterans' bene- MISSOURI claims and service section directed from fits on the state level are thus co-ordi- Bonus. First World War bonus, $10 for Department Headquarters. This is main- nated in one office. each month in service between April 6, tained from Legion funds. Address: Her- County Service Officers. Another law re- 1917, and November 11, 1918, up to a maxi- bert Kibler, Department Adjutant, P. O. quires each county to have a County Serv- mum of $250; time for filing applications Box 1147, Helena, Montana. ice Committee of five veterans. This com- extended to December 31, 1947. No action State Service Agency. A Veterans Wel- mittee establishes a county service center, on payment of bonus to WW2 veterans. fare Commission is maintained by the employs a County Service Officer, and Applications for WW1 bonus are made to State to assist veterans and their depen- administers County Soldiers' Relief. the Adjutant General, Jefferson City, dents; it may establish employment agen- Missouri. cies, furnish employment, and expend NEVADA Employment Preferences. Preference to funds at discretion within the limits of the Education for Children. High school veterans in the State highway department appropriation. Address: E. J. Callaghan, scholarships of $150 are available to cer- service. Preservation of benefit rights Director, Veterans Welfare Commission, tain children of veterans through the Vet- under the unemployment compensation P. O. Box 1702, Helena, Montana. erans' Service Commissioner. act. Employment Preferences. Preference is Guardianship. A guardianship and incom- NEBRASKA given veterans in public departments and petent veteran commitment law has been Burial. County allowance for burial of on public works. Benefit rights under un- secured through Legion effort. indigent veterans, which may not be made employment compensation act and teach- Homes. For Confederate veterans, their in a Potter's Field. Counties obliged to set ers retirement preserved. War service wives, widows and orphans. headstones obtained from Government, credited under teachers' retirement. Recording. Discharges recorded without and to furnish metal grave markers. Guardianship. Uniform guardianship law charge. Custodians of records are required Employment Preferences. Five points rat- enacted; county officials must furnish to furnish copies without cost for use in ing for all honorably discharged veterans, without charge certification of records connection with claims of veterans. 10 points for those disabled 10 percent or needed to support claims for benefits from Tax Exemptions. None, other than pro- more, added to earned grade, under merit Veterans Administration. visions for men in service and for a limited system. Hospitalization. Separate quarters are time after discharge. Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act provided at the Nevada Hospital for Men- Legion Service Agency. The Legion main- with modifications for incompetent veter- tal Diseases for the treatment and care of tains an eastern and western service office ans and the minor children of disabled or veterans who, in the opinion of the super- to assist veterans and their dependents, deceased veterans and for the commitment intendent, should not be confined with in addition to the Post Service Officers in of incompetent veterans has been enacted. other inmates thereof. nearly every community. This service is Homes. The State Soldiers' and Sailors' Recording. Honorable discharges are re- maintained at an annual cost of approxi- Home located at Grand Island admits and corded by county recorders without mately $30,000 paid out of membership cares for veterans of all wars, including charge; public officers may not make a dues. Address: Elmer P. Coy, Department Indian uprisings, their wives, widows and charge for certifying papers in relation to Service Officer, 3709 Broadway, Kansas Gold Star mothers who meet eligibility re- claims against the Government. City 2, Missouri. The Eastern Division is quirements. Tax Exemptions. Property to the amount directed by Roy K. Tomnitz, Department Emergent An>. Needy honorably dis- of $1,000 owned by resident veterans not Service Officer, Room 511, 415 Pine Street, charged veterans of both World Wars, having an income exceeding $1,200 per an- St. Louis, Missouri. their dependent wives, widows and chil- num shall be exempt from taxation. State Service Agency. This office is main- dren under 18, are given assistance from State Service Agency. The claims assis- tained to assist and handle the claims of the earnings of an eventual $8,000,000 trust tance and other work for veterans is chan- veterans of all wars under an annual ap- fund, originally established in 1923. The neled through a State maintained office, propriation of $370,000 made from State Administration of this fund is in the hands charged with that special function, for funds. Address: Roy F. Beaman, State of the State Department of Veterans' Af- which an annual appropriation of $31,500 Service Officer, State Office Building, Jef- fairs, Lincoln. Applications are submitted is made. Address: Walter J. Devereux, ferson City, Missouri. through the Service Officers of American Veterans' Service Commissioner, State Legion and V.F.W. Posts in each com- Building, Reno, Nevada. MONTANA munity, thus no veteran need travel far Burial. County allowances are made for to file a claim. Nebraska enlistees need NEW HAMPSHIRE burial of honorably discharged veterans, only be residents at time of filing; others Bonus. A flat payment of $10 per month which may not be made m a Potter's Field. who enlisted from other states must have for active WW2 service, up to a maximum County officers are required to apply for five years continuous residence before of $100, is authorized for those who had 90 headstones and have them set. becoming eligible to share this benefit. days or more with the armed forces prior Educational Opportunities. Honorably County aid is also extended through a spe- to December 31, 1946. The veteran must discharged veterans are entitled to free cial 3/10 mill tax. This is administered by have been a bona fide resident of the tuition and fees in any unit of the Univer- a County Service Committee in each State at the time of entering service. Ap- sity of Montana. county. plications are made to the Adjutant Gen- Employment Preferences. Veterans' pref- Recording. County clerks are required to eral's Office, State House, Concord, New erence is required in public departments record and index discharge papers free, Hampshire, on AG Form 30. Provision is and public works. Benefit rights under un- and no charge can be made for certifica- made for filing applications through city employment compensation, teacher retire- tion of any public record needed by a vet- or town clerks, American Legion Posts or ment and highway patrolman retirement eran or dependent to prove a claim. other recognized veterans organizations. system are preserved; war service credit Tax Exemptions. Poll tax exemption is No deadline has as yet been fixed for mak- is given in certain cases. granted disabled veterans who are drawing original application.

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 17A Burial. State allowance up to $100 for the minister small estates of less than $500 medal and ribbon to be awarded New burial of indigent veterans. Vouchers are without appointment. Mexico residents who served in the 200th sent to State Veterans' Council. Homes. The State maintains two institu- Coast Artillery with MacArthur in the Educational Benefits. Area vocational tions for domiciliary care and treatment of Philippines. schools and State trade schools have been indigent or aged veterans. The Soldiers' Recording. Discharge papers are recorded established to assist WW2 veterans in Home at Vineland admits veterans, their free by county clerks; copies of birth, trade and business. wives or widows; the Soldiers' Home at death, marriage and other public records Employment Preferences. Preference is Menlo Park admits disabled and destitute to be furnished free when used to support given veterans in public departments and veterans. a claim. on public works of State and local units. Pensions. Annual pension of $500 for life Tax Exemption. The statute provides that Benefit rights preserved by law under un- to blind veterans of any war; blindness every honorably discharged soldier shall employment compensation act, police and must have been incurred in service, as a be exempt from taxation on $2,000 valua- teachers retirement systems. result of enemy action. Annual pension tion on real and personal property. Bene- Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act for life of $500 to paraplegic veterans of fits from the Government are exempt from with modifications for incompetent veter- World Wars I and II, such condition hav- taxation, and all veterans are exempt from ans and minor children receiving benefits ing been incurred as a result of enemy the payment of road taxes. from the Veterans Administration. No per- action, in service. These are administered Vocational Rehabilitation. A supplemen- son can act as guardian for more than five by the Division of Veterans Services, De- tary program of vocational rehabilitation wards, unless all are members of the same partment of Economic Development. for WW2 veterans is administered by the family. Recording. Honorable discharges are re- Department of Vocational Rehabilitation, Homes. The New Hampshire Soldiers' corded free of charge; fee of 50c for certi- Sena Plaza, Santa Fe, New Mexico. Home located at Tilton cares for veterans fied copies. Veterans exempt from payment Legion Service Agency. Aid and assistance of all wars, honorably discharged, unable of copy or research fee for records needed to veterans is given through a division of to earn a livelihood by reason of wounds, to support claims. the Department organization, with assis- disease, old age or other infirmity, and Relief. The Soldiers' Home Board is au- tant service officers working at headquar- without adequate means of support. thorized to extend relief to certain veter- ters and in the field. Address: EarZe W. Relief. Financial relief is given under cer- ans, outside the institutional homes. Stark, Department Adjutant and Service tain conditions to honorably discharged Tax Exemptions. Members of the armed Officer, The American Legion, 3205 E. veterans, wives, widows and minor de- forces, and veterans, are exempt from real, Central Avenue, Albuquerque, New Mex- pendents. This assistance is given in the poll, or personal property tax from State, ico. town of their residence, at their own county or municipalities to a valuation of State Service Agency. The New Mexico homes, or place other than a town or $500. Moneys received from Government Veterans' Service Commission was cre- county almshouse. Names of veterans or insurance or adjusted service certificates ated to assist veterans, their widows and their dependents thus aided cannot be exempt from inheritance tax. Provision is children, generally. The annual appropria- published. made for issuance of special peddler's li- tion is $48,000. Address: P. H. Robinson, Tax Exemptions. Veterans, their wives or cense, without cost, to veterans to solicit Director, P. O. Box 1722, Santa, Fe, New widows are exempt from payment of prop- and sell within the county of their resi-. Mexico. erty tax up to $1,000 value. WW2 veterans dence. NEW YORK are exempt from payment of special poll War Orphans Education. Financial aid to Bonus. A State bonus proposal was rati- from pay- a maximum of per year is granted to tax, and all veterans are exempt $150 fied by the voters on November 4, 1947, ment of poll tax levied to raise funds for the children of persons who died in service providing for payments at a fixed flat rate: soldiers' bonus. Disabled veterans and in the World Wars. This benefit is ad- For service of 60 days or less, $50; for of Veterans their unmarried widows are exempt from ministered by the Division more than 60 days within the U. S., $150; payment of peddler's license fee. Services. for. service, any duration, outside the U. S., War Orphans Education. Aid to children Legion Service Agency. A full-time veter- $250. The eligibility requirements are that of a parent who died in service or as a ans aid service for claims, assistance, and the veteran who served between Decem- other is maintained a state-wide result of such service is extended up to a work on ber 7, 1941 and September 2, 1945, must maximum of $150 per child per year; free basis, to include the community Post have been a resident of the State six tuition in State schools of secondary or Service Officers, reporting to the central months before entry into the armed college grade. Annual appropriation, office. Address: William F. Grund, Director forces, and be a resident at the time of $2,700. of Service Activities, The American Le- making application. Provision made for Legion Service Agency. A full-time serv- gion, Veterans Administration, 20 Wash- payment to next of kin of deceased eli- ice in veterans' aid and claims assistance ington Place, Newark 2, N. J. gible veterans. Applications may be made is provided by the Legion, with a service State Service Agencies. New Jersey vet- January 1st, 1948, and after; no time limit officer and assistants. Address: Frederick erans of all wars are served through vari- has been fixed for filing. Complete infor- O. Twitchell, Department Service Officer, ous divisions of the State government; the mation and forms from Leo V. Lanning, The American Legion, care Veterans Ad- principal of which are: (1) Division of Director, New York State Veterans' Bonus ministration, 497 Silver St., Manchester, Veterans Services, Department of Eco- Bureau, Albany, New York. New Hampshire. nomic Development, 520 E. State Street, Burial. County allowance up to $200 for State Service Agency. The State main- Trenton, N. J., for claims, pensions, hos- burial of veterans and dependents who tains its major contact, other than pay- pitalization, loans and education under die without leaving sufficient funds to de- ment of bonus, with its veterans through Federal law and certain pensions, educa- fray funeral expenses. Allowance for head- a State Veterans' Council. Address Harold tion, loans under State law. (2) New Jer- stone not to exceed $100. B. Trombley, Director, State House, Con- sey Homes for Disabled Veterans, Depart- Educational Opportunities. Veterans of cord, New Hampshire. ment of Institutions and Agencies, State any age are admitted to public schools. Office Building, Trenton, N. J., for care of The State offers 4,800 scholarships for vet- NEW JERSEY indigent veterans, and wives or widows. erans at an annual value of $350, or $1,400 Burial. County allowance authorized for For information concerning tax exemp- for four year course; examinations are held the burial of indigent veterans, and for tions, civil service preferences and other at least once a year. the erection of headstones. Burial may not benefits under State law, address Division Employment Preferences. Certain prefer- be made in a Potter's Field. of Veterans Services, or American Legion ences in Civil Service in appointment, Employment Preferences. Preferential rat- Director of Service Activities. promotion and retention are given to vet- ings are given veterans, their wives or erans. Re-employment rights, without loss widows, under State or municipal civil NEW MEXICO of seniority status, pay and insurance ben- service systems; all rights and benefits Burial. Provision for county allowance for efits protected by the Soldiers' and Sailors' ^mder retirement, pension or unemploy- burial of indigent veterans, which may not Civil Relief Act. Full credit for pension ment compensation act preserved by law; be made in a Potter's Field. and retirement purposes granted for peri- war service credited as continuous time Employment Preferences. Rights to re- od of absence on military leave. for seniority and retirement benefits, com- employment of returning servicemen pro- Guardianship. The guardianship act relat- pulsory retirement excepted. tected, including seniority rights in pub- ing to incompetent veterans and minor Guardianship. Appointment of public lic employment. wards receiving benefits from the Veter- iguardian for incompetent veterans for Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act ans' Administration conforms to the uni- whom no other legal guardian is available governs conservation of funds and prop- form law sponsored by the Legion. and who are receiving benefits provided erty of incompetent veterans and minor Homes. A convalescent rest camp for vet- for. State Board of Children's Guardians beneficiaries of the Veterans Administra- erans has been established at Mt. care for minor children and widows of tion. McGregor, Saratoga County. veterans. Parents or guardian may ad- Medals. The Legislature of 1945 created a Housing. Thirty million dollars appropri-

18A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 ated for veterans' emergency housing ac- tial appropriation of $2,825,000 when cre- the necessary law fixing rates, eligibility commodations and educational facilities. ated in 1945, supplemented by additional requirements, and provide for administra- Indigent Veterans. Veterans in need of as- funds for the operation of local offices. The tion. sistance, suffering from a sickness or dis- Division is the clearing house for most Employment Preferences. Preference is ability of at least ten percent inca- veteran and contacts. Address: Edward J. given veterans for appointment on High- pacitated by reason thereof, may apply to Nearij, Director, New York State Division way Patrol, in appointment in public de- a Relief Commissioner his in assembly of Veterans' Affairs, 270 Broadway,~~ New partment and on public works. Preserva- district for emergency * relief. York 7, N. Y. tion of rights under unemployment com- Licenses. Honorably discharged veterans pensation act, and war service credit is or their widows may obtain licenses with- NORTH CAROLINA given' in fire and police departments, to out fee to peddle in their own county. Burial. County and State allowance is teachers, and in some cities under the em- Medals. The Governor is authorized to made for the burial of Confederate pen- ployes pension fund. present in the name of the Legislature a sioners; county allowance for burial of Guardianship. Enactment of the uniform Conspicuous Service Cross to any citizen indigent WW1 veterans. guardianship law gives standard protec- of York New who received a citation for Employment Preferences. Preferred rating tion to incompetent veterans and minor service with the armed forces is of or a 10 percent is given in State examina- children who are receiving benefits from holder of the Purple Heart Medal; avail- tions and preference in employment in the Veterans Administration. able to veterans who served since April State 6, and local units to veterans, their Homes. The North Dakota Soldiers' Home 1917. The Adjutant General is authorized widows, or the wife of a disabled veteran. at Lisbon is maintained to provide domi- to issue a service emblem and citation to Benefit rights preserved under the State ciliary care for veterans who are in need all honorably discharged veterans of retirement system, with war service credit of such care, their wives and widows. The World War 2. Applications are made to the granted to teachers and State employees. 1947 Legislature made appropriation for Adjutant General, Albany, New York. Guardianship. Uniform guardianship law new facilities and improvements. Pensions. An annuity of $500 is paid to for incompetent veterans and the minor Relief and Rehabilitation. A $5,000,000 blind veterans who are not entitled to re- children of disabled or deceased veterans Veterans' Post-War Rehabilitation Fund ceive a benefit from any State retirement has been enacted. has been created for the benefit of WW2 fund. Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- veterans, the earnings from which are Recording. Honorable discharges are re- erans only. transferred to the Veterans' Aid Fund. corded free county clerks. by Copies of Medals, Certificates. The Governor is au- Loans are made from this fund to citizen public records required to support a claim thorized to issue certificates to the families and resident veterans, without interest, in for compensation or pension without of deceased servicemen and veterans of a sum not to exceed $500. This fund is ad- charge. WW2, and certificates of meritorious serv- ministered by the Veterans' Aid Commis- Rehabilitation Camp. The American Le- ice to certain veterans. sion. gion Mountain Camp on Tupper Lake, in Recording. Registers of deeds are required Recording. Discharge papers are recorded the Adirondacks, was established in 1923 to record discharges, cost to be paid from free; copies for wards under the guardian- for the double purpose of providing a rest county general funds; certified copies to be ship act when needed for claims purposes. and rehabilitation camp for sick and dis- furnished free when needed for claims Tax Exemptions. None, other than those abled veterans, and a recreational center. purpose. relating to men in service or for a limited The two sections are separate; in the re- Tax Exemption. Exemption from inheri- time after discharge. habilitation section any veteran in need of tance tax on any insurance or adjusted War Orphans Education. Scholarships in convalescent or rehabilitation care is ad- compensation payments from the Govern- any State educational institution or in any mitted and maintained without cost. Spe- ment. World Wars veterans are exempt junior college are granted to orphans of cial facilities for women veterans are pro- from payment of tax on any pension or WW2 veterans who are unable to attend vided, including a new 30-bed infirmary. compensation received from the State or any such college without financial assis- The recreational area is restricted to the United States. Disabled war veterans may tance. use of Legionnaires and their families. obtain peddler's license in county without Legion Service Bureau. Claims assistance The annual cost of operation is approxi- fee. Other exemptions relate to men in and other aid to veterans are directed mately $110,000. service or for limited time after discharge. from the Department Headquarters. Ad- Tax Exemptions. Real property purchased War Orphans Education. Free tuition, dress: George W. Rulon, Department Serv- with proceeds of pension, bonus or insur- room rent and board ^t any State educa- ice Officer, The American Legion, Box ance and owned by veteran, wife or wid- tional institution of higher learning is 1748, Fargo, North Dakota. ow, minor child or dependent parent, is granted to children of fathers who were State Service Agency. The central agency exempt (except from school taxes) to the killed in action or subsequently died from for dealing with the veterans of North extent of such monies applied up to $5,000. service-connected disabilities. Ten schol- Dakota, and clearing house for the county Property given to disabled veteran by arships are also granted, including tuition, service officer system, is the Department public subscription is also exempt to the board and room rent, are available annu- of Veterans' Affairs, Floyd E. Henderson, value of $5,000. ally to children of veterans who are rated Commissioner, 55Vz Broadway, Fargo, War Orphans Education. One hundred 30 percent or more disabled. North Dakota. The biennial appropriation State scholarships are awarded annually Vocational Training. Supplementing the for the operation of this division is $67,440. to children of servicemen who died in Federal program of vocational training, the service or as a result thereof. Winners are State appropriated $35,000 in 1947 for the OHIO allowed $450 each year for four years for operation of a vocational school for re- Bonus. A State bonus proposal was rati- maintenance and tuition. If the vacancies turned veterans at Camp Butner. fied by the voters at the general elec- are not filled by war orphans, awards may Legion Service Agency. The service section on November 4, 1947, providing pay- be given to children of disabled veterans, tion, of the North Carolina Legion is mod- ment of $10 for each month of domestic or of veterans who were residents at the eled on the national standard, and is op- service and $15 for each month of foreign time of death. erated from Department Headquarters service up to a maximum of $400. The Legion Service Agency. The Legion vet- with a staff of six full-time assistants at veteran is required to have been a resi- eran aid service is carried on from the a cost of approximately $15,000 annually, dent of Ohio one year prior to entering central office in New York City, and from paid out of membership dues. Address: the Armed Forces, and to have served at five Veteran Administration Regional Of- Wiley M. Pickens, Department Service least 90 days between December 7, 1941 fices located in New York City, Brooklyn, Officer, The American Legion, 610 Fay- and September 2, 1945. In case of death, Albany, Syracuse and Buffalo. The pro- etteville Street, Raleigh, North Carolina. the benefits due any eligible veteran are gram is operated at an annual cost of State Service Agency. Veteran affairs are, payable to next of kin. No deadline yet $125,000 paid from Legion funds raised by in general, administered by the Veterans fixed for filing applications. Administered a 25 cent per capita tax and from mem- Commission for which "an annual appro- by appointees of the Commissioners of the bership dues. Address: George A. Mead, priation of $168,000 is made. Horace L. Sinking Fund through the Adjutant Gen- Director. The American Legion, 305 Hall Johnson, Director, North Carolina Veter- eral's Office, Wyandot Building, Columbus of Records, 31 Chambers Street, New York ans' Commission, Box 2187, Raleigh, North 15, Ohio. 7, New York. Carolina. Burial. County Commissioners may grant State Service Agency. New York State NORTH DAKOTA up to $100 toward funeral expenses of in- established a State Division which co-or- Bonus. The Legislature of 1947 submitted digent veterans or widows of veterans. dinates local, State and Federal agencies a proposal to be voted on at the 1948 gen- This is in addition to any allowance pro- and channels their services so as to make eral election providing for the issuance of vided by the Federal Government. Grant available to veterans the desired assistance $27,000,000 in bonds for the payment of a may be made to veterans or widows of through the facilities of the local Veterans' bonus to the State's WW2 veterans. If ap- veterans of any war. Burial of a veteran Service Agency. The Division had an ini- proved, the legislature of 1949 will enact may not be made in Potter's Field and sol-

The American Legion Magazine • December, T947 • 2.9A diers' plots are furnished by counties OKLAHOMA Eaker, Department Service Officer, The without charge. American Legion Home School. This home, American Legion, Box 37, State Capitol Employment Preferences. Veterans are established in 1928, for the children of Station, Oklahoma City 5, Oklahoma. given an additional 20 percent of earned deceased veterans, of school age, is main- State Service Agency. Central office of grade, if passing, under State Civil Service, tained at Ponca City. It is financed through contact for the State is the State Veterans and are given preference on service eli- the American Legion Home School En- Department, Historical Building, Okla- gibility lists. Preservation of benefits under dowment Fund, and appropriations from homa City 5, Oklahoma. retire- Employment Insurance Act, and the state legislature, and is managed and ment rights of public employees, teachers directed by a board selected by The OREGON and school employees. American Legion. One hundred and five Burial. A county allowance is provided Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act children live in this home and attend the for the burial of indigent veterans, their for incompetent veterans and for minor Ponca City public schools. These children wives, widows and minor children. children of disabled or deceased veterans have the same opportunities and privileges Educational Benefits. Financial aid to and for the commitment of incompetent as other children attending school at the amount of $35 a month for 36 months veterans has been approved. Ponca City. is granted to certain veterans of WW2, and Homes. Honorably discharged veterans of Burial. County allowance for burial of funds may be used for expenses in public any war who have been citizens of Ohio indigent veterans, not to exceed $100, and or private schools or colleges. for more than one year, who are disabled burial may not be made in a Potter's Field. Employment Preferences. Ten percent by disease, wounds or otherwise, may be Employment Preferences. Leaves of ab- preference is given veterans in State or admitted to the Ohio Soldiers and Sailors sence to designated groups with re-em- municipal civil service examinations, with Home at Sandusky. Provision is made for ployment rights under the State law are preference to veterans in State and local the admittance of not more than thirty granted to service men for a limited time units and on public works, where quali- (30) widows of honorably discharged vet- after discharge. fied. Benefit rights under unemployment erans of any war in the Madison Home at Guardianship. A uniform guardianship compensation act preserved. Madison. law for incompetent veterans and for minor Guardianship. The law requires guardians Recording. Discharges are recorded by children of deceased or disabled veterans of minors, insane and incompetent receiv- county recorders and one certified copy who receive benefits from the Veterans ing pensions, or other benefits from the may be furnished to the veteran without Administration and for the commitment United States, to serve certain petitions charge. Copies of public documents may of incompetent veterans has been enacted. upon the representatives of the Govern- be furnished to veterans for use with the Homes and Pensions. For Confederate ment. Veterans Administration upon request by veterans only. Union Soldiers Home has Land Settlement. A war veterans' fund a service organization. been abolished. was established in 1945 to purchase farms Orphans' Home. To provide for the care Hospitals. In addition to Veterans Ad- and homes for returning soldiers. Applica- and education of the orphans of deceased, ministration hospital facilities, the State tions for loans not exceeding $6,000 may disabled or indigent veterans, the Ohio appropriates annually $100,000 for the op- be made to the State Director of Veterans' Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' Home is eration of the veterans' ward in the Uni- Affairs. Veterans are to be considered pre- maintained at Xenia. The superintendent versity Hospital at Oklahoma City referred purchasers of water and water all such is made the legal guardian of quiring a reservation of 32 beds for this rights and land under irrigation projects. children if other guardian has not been use. Also $501,367 to operate the State Recording. Discharge papers are recorded named. Veterans' Hospital at Sulphur, for admit- free by county clerks or recorders of con- Soldiers' Relief Commission. Established tance of veterans who cannot qualify for veyances; certificates of vital records in 1865, a commission is appointed in each care at Veterans Administration hospitals, needed to support claims furnished with- county to aid and assist veterans and to especially those showing evidence of tu- out cost. Each provide for relief of the indigent. berculosis. A veterans' ward for mentally Relief Funds. County courts are author- is composed of five ized county commission ill is maintained at the State Hospital at to levy a tax to create a fund for the members, one of whom must be wife, Norman.. relief of indigent veterans and dependents, one widow, son or daughter of a veteran, Medals, Certificates. Governor is author- including burial expense and expenses of a member of the United Spanish War ized to present appropriate scrolls to the the last sickness. Claims are paid from Veterans, one a member of The American families of men who lost their lives in county treasury on applications filed Legion, and one a World War II veteran. WW2. through the nearest post of a veterans or- service This commission appoints a county Relief. Practically all benefits for dis- ganization. County is also authorized to officer who is paid from county funds. abled veterans and their dependents given appoint county service officers. Tax Exemptions. Veterans are required by the State are administered by the War Soldiers' Home. The Oregon Soldiers' to pay a nominal fee for peddler's license. Veterans Commission, and expenditures Home at Roseburg has been transferred to No other exemptions except those relating are made with the approval of executive the Veterans Administration, and is now time to men in service and for a limited officers of recognized veterans' organiza- used as a Veterans Hospital for neuropsy- after discharge. tions. Appropriations administered by this chiatric patients. Legion Service Department. Legion service section are, in part, $200,000 for emergency Tax Exemptions. Disabled veterans and Head- work is directed from Department aid to WW2 veterans in the form of small their unmarried widows are entitled to quarters in Columbus with three branch loans; $220,000 for welfare work among exemption of property tax to the value of offices and four field service representa- veterans' children; $50,000 for a training $1,000; not allowed if the veteran receives tives, in addition to 622 post service offi- center for severely handicapped veterans pension or other payment aggregating full cers. The Department employs 22 at Okmulgee Branch of Oklahoma A & M more than $1,500. Other exemptions are of time staff members in service and oper- College. temporary nature, based on current service ates at an annual cost of approximately Recording. Honorable discharges are re- with the armed forces. $100,000, financed partially by the State. corded by county clerks free of charge; Legion Service Bureau. Address, Arthur The Director of this program is Robert H. no charge may be made for copies of pub- Miller, Department Service Officer, The American Smith, Director of Services, The lic records needed in the prosecution of American Legion, 429 Southwest 4th Legion, 145 North High Street, Columbus claims. Avenue, Portland 4, Oregon. 15, Ohio. Tax Exemptions. Peddling and hawking State Service Bureau. The Director of Veterans' Affairs is charged with the duty State Service Agencies. In addition to the without license is permitted for disabled of assisting veterans and their dependents Soldiers' Relief Commissions operative in veterans only, through approval of rec- each county, the State maintains two ognized veterans organizations. Property in all matters concerning their relations Federal Governments, other divisions designed to render assis- tax exemption of $300 (household goods with the State and succeeding the old Veterans' Service tance to veterans and their dependents. and personal property) is granted to the War The Supervisor of Soldiers' Claims and veterans of any war in which the United Committee. Address: W. E. Gaarenstroon, Director, State Library Building, Salem, Records is Wade C. Christy, State Office States participated. Building, Columbus, Ohio, whose office Legion Service Agency. The Legion service Oregon. maintains records and assists veterans and in veterans aid and claims assistance is PENNSYLVANIA dependents of all wars with claims. The carried on from the central Legion office WW1 Bonus. Extension of time until July Office of Soldiers' Claims, Courtney E. and by assistants located in the Veterans 1, 1948, has been granted for filing appli- Kirby, Commissioner, 402 New State Office Administration offices in Oklahoma City cations for the authorized State bonus for Building, Columbus, Ohio maintains liai- and Muskogee. This rehabilitation pro- service in WW1, the Spanish-American son between the State and Governmental gram is financed by the sale of poppies and War and of certain other engagements. agencies dealing with veterans and veter- twenty-five cents of each membership Payment of $10 for each month of active ans' organizations. This office represents dues. The annual cost of the Department's service up to a maximum of $200 is au- the State in veterans' affairs. program is $60,000. Address: J. Fred thorized. Eligible veterans who have not

20A * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 received this bonus, and who desire paying Authorities established to provide points for any veteran and 10 points for a ment, are required to file their applica- emergency housing, the Act effective until disabled veteran is given to the veterans tions with The Adjutant General, Harris- the emergency is declared ended by the under the State civil service; preservation burg, Pennsylvania, not later than July 1, Governor. of rights under the State retirement sys- 1948. Medals. The Department of Military Af- tem, unemployment compensation law, WW2 Bonus. A bonus proposal adopted by fairs directed by Act of 1947 to select, pro- and war service credit for purposes of the Legislature at its 1947 session must be cure, award, and provide a service medal computing retirement for teachers, state approved by the next Legislature and at cost to each honorably discharged vet- police and others. then submitted to the people for ratifica- eran of the State for service in WW2. Guardianship. Law enacted to provide tion or rejection. No payment is possible, Orphans' Home. The Soldiers' Orphans' guardianship for veterans and veterans' if ratified, before 1950. The bill proposes Industrial School, an institutional home children and the commitment of insane $10 per month for domestic service, $15 for destitute children of honorably dis- veterans. per month for foreign service, up to a charged war veterans, is maintained at Homes. Veterans unable to earn a living maximum of $500 for veterans who were Scotland. Appropriation of $610,000 made by reason of wounds, age or disability can legal residents of the State at time of en- for 1947-49. be admitted to the Rhode Island Soldiers' tering service and who served 60 days or Recording. County recorders of deeds are Home, located at Bristol. Applications are more between December 7, 1941, and Sep- required to record all discharges pre- made to Division of Soldiers' Welfare, tember 2, 1945. If in service on VJ Day, sented; the county pays the 50-cent fee. Room 811, 40 Fountain Street, Providence, time until March 2, 1946, may be counted. Copies of vital records of disabled war R. I. Bonus due those who died in service, full veterans and their dependents will be fur- Recording. Honorable discharges are re- $500, will be paid to next-of-kin. The pro- nished free for use in death and compen- corded free by town and city clerks; certi- posal fixes July 1, 1950, as deadline for sation claims, the cost to be paid by the fied copies of vital records needed to sup- filing applications. county. port claims are furnished without charge. Burial. A county allowance of not to ex- Relief. For the purpose of temporary and Tax Exemptions. Veterans are exempt ceed $75 is provided for burial of veterans emergency relief for sick, disabled or from payment of poll tax, peddler's license and their widows. Headstones are fur- indigent veterans of any war, a biennial fees, and for license to act as insurance nished by each county for deceased Vet- appropriation of $1,500,000 is granted. This broker. All veterans and their unmarried erans and recent Legislature approved fund is administered by the State Veter- widows are exempt from property taxa- headstones in family plots for those bodies ans' Commission; applications are made tion to the amount of $1,000 valuation. which will not be returned to the United through county directors of veterans' af- Veterans with 100% service-connected dis- States. Maximum allowance, $75. fairs, American Legion Posts and other ability are allowed an additional $1,000 Educational Opportunities. School dis- service units. exemption. tricts may contract with public or private Tax Exemptions. None, except those re- War Orphans' Education. Financial aid is agencies with facilities for vocational lating to men in service and for a limited given orphans of men who were killed or training for veterans; special preferences, time after discharge. Disabled veterans died in service, or have since died from with war service credit, for registration as may be issued fishing licenses without fee. injuries incurred, or have become dis- a pharmacist or for dental license. Es- War Orphans' Education. Aid to the abled as a result of such service. No fixed tablished temporary colleges in co-opera- amount of $200 per year is given to any sum is designated. tion with certain accredited colleges and war orphan attending any State-aided Legion Service Agency. Address: Freder- with municipal and Federal agencies in educational or training institution of ick M. Browning, Department Service Of- education of veterans. higher education, business or trade school. ficer, The American Legion, c f o Veterans Employment Preferences. Preferences Preference is given sons of veterans who Administration, 100 Fountain Street, Prov- given in examinations, 5 and 10 points apply for admission to nautical school. idence, Rhode Island. under State board of housing; 10 points Legion Service Agency. A complete vet- State Service Agency. Division of Soldiers' for State police force, and special ratings erans' aid section is maintained to serve Welfare, Room 811, 40 Fountain Street, and preference to veterans, their widows the State's veterans, directed from the cen- Providence, R. I., Chester W. Williams, or wives, for civil service appointment or tral office with offices and service officers Chief of Division of Soldiers' Welfare. He promotion in State or political subdivi- in the field. This program, financed by the is also Commandant of the Soldiers' Home sions and on public works, both as to ob- Legion, is carried on at an annual cost of at Bristol. taining such position and as to retention in $90,000. Address: Homer D. Sarge, Direc- the event of a reduction in force. The re- tor of Rehabilitation, The American Le- SOUTH CAROLINA tirement systems and lesser political sub- gion, 1825 N. Front St., Harrisburg, Penna. Burial. Burial allowance, homes and pen- divisions now permit credit for time spent State Service Agency. This service is sions for Confederate veterans only. in the armed forces upon the veteran mak- maintained through the Department of Educational Opportunities. State aid is ing back payments. Second injury bene- Military Affairs, South Office Building, given to public schools offering special fits under the Workmen's Compensation Harrisburg, Penna., headed by General courses to veterans under GI Bill; age Act will not be withheld where payments Frank Weber, and three State Service limit of 21 years waived by public schools. are also being made as a result of a serv- Officers are located in various parts of the Employment Preferences. Five (5) points ice-incurred disability. Credit for WW2 State. added to earned rating and an additional service is given toward the apprenticeship RHODE ISLAND five (5) points for service-connected dis- period required for barbers, and persons Bonus. A proposal for the payment of a ability of ratable degree to veteran, wife qualified under existing law to take the flat $200 bonus to WW2 veterans and or widow in examinations under the merit examination precedent to becoming certi- members of the merchant marine who system; preference in State and county fied public accountants. served in combat areas was approved at employment; preservation of rights under GI Loans. Loans under the Federal Serv- the 1946 general election. Eligibility re- unemployment compensation act. icemen's Readjustment Act may be made quirements are residence in Rhode Island Guardianship. Uniform guardianship law by any minor service person at least 17 for not less than 6 months before entering for protection of property and funds of in- years of age and the minor spouse of such armed forces; service between September competent veterans and minor dependents, person may join in the execution of such 16, 1940, and September 2, 1945. Applicants and for commitment of insane veterans. contract, notwithstanding their minority. must have been separated under condi- Recording. Free recording of discharge In the event a loan is obtained, neither the tions other than dishonorable, and must papers; fee for certified copy is limited to service person nor his minor spouse may have received no bonus from any other 50 cents. Birth and death records may be avoid the contract on the basis of infancy. State. Veterans who served in both armed furnished by various departments in State Guardianship. Law provides guardianship forces and merchant marine cannot draw without charge in connection with claim for incompetent veterans, minor children double payment. Next-of-kin eligible to for benefits from Federal Government. receiving benefits from Veterans Adminis- receive bonus due deceased veterans. For Tax Exemptions. Exemption of pensions tration, and for commitment of insane full information and application forms paid by the Federal Government or any veterans. write State Bonus Board, State House, State; all monies paid by U. S. to execu- Homes. Disabled and indigent veterans of Providence, Rhode Island. The closing date tors, administrators or heirs-at-law of any any war in which the United States en- for filing was June 30, 1947, but veterans deceased World War I or World War II or gaged are eligible for admittance to the who have not filed are advised to do so, Spanish -American War veterans by way State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home located as the closing date may be extended by of insurance, compensation or pension, at Erie. later legislative action. exempt from claim of creditors of de- Housing. Local authorities are authorized Burial. Provision for burial of indigent ceased veterans; automobiles or other con- to utilize their facilities to provide housing veterans at the expense of the town or veyances acquired under Public Law 663, for veterans; all such prior acts validated city. 79th Congress exempt from State, County by the 1947 Legislature. Veterans' Hous- Employment Preferences. Preference of 5 and municipal tax beginning with taxable The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 21A year 1947, so long as the same is owned TENNESSEE copies of vital records needed by veterans and operated by the veteran who acquired Employment Preferences. Disabled veter- or heirs to support claims furnished free. original title. ans are to have a 10 point preference rat- Tax Exemptions. None special; veterans War Orphans' Education. Aid is given to ing in State civil service; City of Knox- share benefits of the general law granting children of disabled or deceased veterans ville grants 5 points for all veterans and $3,000 homestead exemption to all citizens. of the World Wars to a maximum of $150 10 points for disabled. Benefit rights under War Orphans' Education. Orphans of vet- per year; dependent upon annual appro- unemployment compensation law and erans are entitled to free tuition in all priation; free tuition at State-supported teachers' retirement. War service may be State colleges. colleges or university under certain condi- credited in computing experience for any State Service Agency. The Legislature of tions. position. 1947 created a Veterans' Affairs Commis- State Service Agency. The duty of this Guardianship. Uniform guardianship law sion to supersede the State Service Office, division is "to assist veterans with claims for protection of property and funds of in- with broadened scope and enlarged duties. against the United States." It is the cen- competent veterans and minor children re- Members of the commission must be vet- tral office through which the county serv- ceiving benefits, and for the commitment erans, and the central office is made clear- ice officers work, and has other functions of insane veterans. ing house for most veteran affairs, and in aid and assistance to veterans. Address: Home. Confederate veterans, their widows clearing house for the 200 full-time county R. S. Sloan, State Service Officer, State and orphans, may be admitted to Confed- service officers. The annual appropriation Service Bureau, Columbia, S. C. erate Soldiers' Home, located at Nashville, is $225,000. Address: James C. Jones, Di- Legion Service Agency. James Hunter, De- Tenn., under conditions of inability to rector, Veterans' Affairs Commission, 308 partment Service Officer, County Court maintain themselves. East 11th Street, Austin, Texas. House, Anderson, S. C. Medals, Certificates. Eligibles entitled to Legion Service Agency. The Legion veteran aid SOUTH DAKOTA receive the National Guard Service Medal service is directed from the De- shall be issued an additional clasp indica- partment Headquarters, with a Depart- Bonus. A State bonus proposal will be tive of wartime service. ment Service Officer located in each of voted on at the November 2, 1948, general Recording. Discharges recorded free by the 5 Veteran Administration Regional election providing for payment of 50 cents county registers; free copies for wards of Offices in Texas. The program is financed for each day of domestic service and 75 Veterans Administration; $1 fee for all from membership dues at an annual cost cents for each day of foreign service to others. of $30,000. Address: G. Ward Moody, De- veterans of WW2. Eligibility requirements Tax Exemptions. Performance of military partment Adjutant, The American Legion, are that the veteran must have been a duty shall be accepted as evidence of poll 424 Littlefield Building, Austin, Texas. legal for least resident at 6 months before tax payment prior to April 15, 1949; ex- entering the armed forces; must have emption from privilege-tax for disabled UTAH served 90 days or more between December veterans owning less than $2,500 and doing Employment Preferences. Preference is 7, 1941, and September 2, 1945, and must business with a capital not exceeding $600. given to veterans and their widows under have been discharged under conditions Other exemptions have to do with service- the highway patrol civil service act for other than dishonorable. If approved, pay- men or for limited time after discharge. qualification, appointment and tenure in ment is to be made by December 31, 1950. Education for Children. Children of vet- office; benefit rights under the unemploy- Burial. A State allowance is made for the erans are granted free tuition at State in- ment compensation act preserved. burial of veterans, their wives or widows, stitutions of secondary or college grade. Guardianship. A uniform guardianship and provision is made for acquiring and State Service Agency. One central agency, law for incompetent veterans and minor setting appropriate headstone. the Department of Veterans' Affairs, has children of disabled or deceased veterans, Educational Opportunities. Public school been created in Tennessee, financed by and for the commitment of insane veter- facilities are extended free to honorably an annual appropriation of $148,500, to ans has been enacted. discharged veterans; free tuition in State serve the veterans in claims assistance Medals, Commendations. Legislative com- educational institutions; waiver of tuition and other aid in obtaining State and Fed- mendation of Utah residents serving in by school boards for non-resident veter- eral benefits. The American Legion and WW2 expressed at 1945 session. ans. Free tuition in state educational in- AMVETS service work is channeled Recording. Honorable discharges from the. stitutions for orphans of veterans who died through this division. Address: G. W. service of the United States, and all or- in service in wartime. Steagall, Director, Department of Veter- ders, citations and decorations of honor Employment Preferences. Preference in ans' Affairs, 323 Seventh Avenue, Nash- are required to be recorded without charge public departments and on public works ville 3, Tennessee. by county recorders. Certified copies of of State and local units; county service such record furnished without charge. officer shall be a veteran; preservation of TEXAS Tax Exemption. Tax exemption of $3,000 benefit rights under unemployment com- Employment Preferences. State laws pro- is provided for disabled veterans of all pensation act. Second injury law. vide for special preference for employment wars regardless of service connection. The Guardianship. An act provides a uniform of veterans, up to 25 percent, in public unmarried widows, minor orphans of de- guardianship law for incompetent veter- offices, institutions and public works; no ceased disabled veterans also come within ans and minor dependents. Ninety-day civil service system. Benefit rights under the law. commitment law for observation and treat- municipal pension system and unemploy- Legion Service Agency. The Department of ment of the mentally ill. ment compensation act maintained. Utah has voluntary services in 110 Posts Homes. Admission to the Soldiers' Home Educational Opportunities. Citizen veter- and 8 Districts, working through the De- at Hot Springs is provided for veterans are entitled to free tuition in any partment Headquarters. The annual ex- ans who are incapacitated and their wives State College. penditure for this service is approximately and widows under certain conditions. Guardianship. The guardianship law pro- $6,000, paid from Legion general funds. Relief and Rehabilitation. A war veter- vides for the appointment of guardians or Address: A. S. Horsley, Department Adju- ans fund of $250,000 appropriated, out of trustees in cases where the step is neces- tant and Service Officer, The American which funds are advanced by the Veter- sary to receive funds from the Veterans Legion, 115 State Capitol, Salt Lake City, ans' Department for temporary aid and Administration. Utah. emergency relief. Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- State Service Agency. Utah maintains a Recording. Discharge papers recorded free; erans and dependents. Home is located at special department for service to veterans, clerks required to furnish without charge Austin. operated under an annual appropriation of copies needed to support claims. Land Settlement. A veterans' land fund $75,000. Address: A. O. Elliott, Director Tax Exemption. None, other than exemp- of $25,000,000 for the purchase of lands in Department of Veterans Affairs, 312 New- tion of pensions from income tax. Texas to be sold to veterans of WW2 on house building, Salt Lake City, Utah. State Service Agency. The duty of the long term payment plans was created by State Veterans' Department is to repre- a constitutional amendment approved at VERMONT sent the interests of war veterans and the general election in 1946. Enabling Bonus. Payment of $10 per month for 12 their dependents in their claims against legislation to put the sale plan in opera- months, maximum $120, paid upon honor- the State or Federal Government. An an- tion is in process of enactment. able discharge under a law enacted in nual appropriation of $56,900 is made for Medals, Certificates. The Legislature of 1943, to enlisted men in the military and this division. Address: E. A. Jones, Direc- 1943 authorized the adoption of a service naval forces in WW2. The veteran must tor, Veterans' Department, Pierre, South medal and ribbon for Texans serving in have lived in Vermont one year prior to Dakota. The Assistant Director handles the WW2; also the issuance of a certificate entering armed forces. War service and service work and has power of attorney by the Governor to the next-of-kin of eligibility continues until June 30, 1947. to represent The American Legion and to each Texan lost in the war. Remarriage does not bar a widow from appear in cases where the Legion is des- Recording. Discharge certificates are re- benefits due deceased husband. No dead- ignated. corded by county clerks without charge; line has been fixed for filing applications.

22A * Tne American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 Apply to The Adjutant General's Office, housing projects for veterans of WW2. manufacture; license fee waived on any Montpelier, Vermont, either direct or Tax Exemptions. None of permanent na- business established by a veteran under through any town or city clerk, American ture; all relate to abatement of penalties the GI Bill. Other exemptions of tempo- Legion Post or other recognized veterans for non-payment and suspension of tax rary war-time nature. organization. while in active service. Legion Service Agency. The Legion main- Burial. A sum not exceeding $150 may be Veterans' Assistance. Boards of Super- tains a service to veterans in claims assis- provided for burial expenses and head- visors of counties are authorized to main- tance and other aids through a service stone for an honorably discharged veteran tain an office for the purpose of advising officer and 28 assistants. The program di- or his widow when estate is not sufficient veterans of WW2. rected from Department Headquarters at to meet the costs. Vocational Rehabilitation. The Division an annual cost of $50,000, financed jointly Employment Preferences. Veterans to have of Rehabilitation, Department of Educa- by the State and the Legion. Address: K. preference in State employment; reinstate- tion, Richmond, supplies vocational train- Klemmetson, Department Service Officer, ment and re-employment rights within ing for certain veterans who are not en- The American Legion, 5134 Arcade Build- limited time after discharge; preservation titled to such training through the Veter- ing, Seattle 1, Washington. of benefit rights under unemployment ans Administration. compensation act. Merit system gives 5 War Orphans' Education. Children of vet- WEST VIRGINIA points to all veterans, 10 points to disabled erans who were killed or died in either Burial. County allowance for burial of in- in addition to earned grade. World War, or who subsequently die or digent veterans, but such burial may not Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act, become permanently disabled as a result be made in a cemetery or plot used exclu- conforming to the standard requirement of such service, shall be admitted to State sively for the burial of indigent persons. for protection of funds of incompetent institutions of secondary or college grade Employment Preferences. State merit sys- veterans and minor children receiving free of tuition, and in addition receive tem offers same preferences to veteran as benefits. board, room rent, books and supplies not U. S. civil service, 5 and 10 points; benefit Indigent Veterans. Financial aid is pro- to exceed $200 in any one year. Eligibles rights under unemployment compensation vided for indigent and disabled veterans must be between 16 and 25 years of age. act preserved; war service credit allowed in their own homes, when not practical to Recording. Discharge papers recorded free under teachers and State department of take advantaegs of the privileges of the by clerks of courts; fee for recording in public service retirement systems. Vermont Soldiers' Home located at Ben- the World War Memorial Record is 35 Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act nington. cents. Fee for certified copy of discharge with modifications, to conform to standard Recording. Town and city clerks record paper is 50 cents. requirements for conservation of funds of discharges, clerk's fee of 50 cents paid by State Service Bureau. An administrative incompetent veterans and minor children town or city; copies of public records section has been established in the Attor- receiving benefits from the Federal Gov- needed to support claims furnished with- ney General's office to render assistance ernment. out cost. to veterans, their widows and orphans. Medals. Distinguished Service Medal au- Tax Exemptions. Disabled veterans of the Branch offices are maintained in close con- thorized for award to citizens for distin- two World Wars are exempt from pay- tact with Veterans Administration sta- guished or meritorious service while serv- ment of poll tax. Exemption of $2,000 val- tions. For information address: Nelson F. ing with the armed forces in time of war. uation property tax to veterans who are Richards, Director, Division of War Veter- Recording. Honorable discharges recorded 50 percent or more disabled. ans Claims, care Veterans Administration, in special books by county clerks free of War Orphans Education. Orphans of men Roanoke, Virginia. charge. State registrar is required to fur- who were killed or died in the World nish without charge vital records for use Wars, or have since died as a result of WASHINGTON in connection with claims. service, are granted educational aid up to Burial. County allowance up to $180 max- Tax Exemptions. None, other than exemp- $150 per year per child. Free tuition at imum is made for the burial of indigent tion of Civil Waj. veterans from payment State institutions of secondary or college veterans, their wives or widows. of poll tax. grade. Educational Opportunities. School dis- War Orphans' Education. Financial aid for State Service Bureau. The State Veterans' tricts are required to maintain vocational education is provided for resident chil- Board was created in 1945 to succeed the and general educational programs for vet- dren of servicemen who died while serv- State Service Officer and is the principal erans; special 2-year course at University ing with the armed forces in either World office of contact between the State and its of Washington Law School. The Univer- War to the amount of $300 per child per veterans. Address: Alexander J. Smith, sity of Washington may exempt honorably year. Annual appropriation $5,000. Director, State Veterans' Board, Mont- discharged veterans of both World Wars State Service Bureau. To aid, assist and pelier, Vermont. who are citizens from payment of fees. advise veterans, the State maintains a Legion Service Bureau. The American Exemption of one -half of fees may be service system with central office at the Legion maintains a standard service sec- granted others who had not been domiciled capitol and 13 branch offices located at tion to aid and assist the veterans of Ver- in the State for one year. points of convenient access. Veterans or- mont. Two staff members are maintained Employment Preferences. Ten percent ganizations work through and with this in the Veteran Administration Facility at given veterans in competitive examina- division of the State government. The White River Junction, in addition to other tions for public offices or employment in annual appropriation is $165,000. Address: field representatives. The program is fi- State and all political sub-divisions; war T. H. McGovran, Director, Department of nanced by the Legion from membership service credit given in certain positions. Veterans' Affairs, 1814 Washington Street, dues. Adress: William C. Williams, De- Guardianship. Special act for protection East, Charleston 1, West Virginia. partment Service Officer, The American of funds and property of incompetent Legion, care Veterans Administration, veterans and minor children receiving WISCONSIN White River Junction, Vermont. benefits from the Federal Government; Bonus. The 1947 Legislature provided for banks or trust companies may act as a referendum at the November, 1948, gen- VIRGINIA trustees without bond. eral election to determine the will of the Employment Preferences. Act of 1946 pro- Homes. The State maintains two domiciliary voters on a bonus to WW2 veterans, to be vides for 5 points increase for all honor- homes for the care and treatment of its paid from a 3 percent sales tax. If the pro- ably discharged veterans, an additional 5 aged, disabled or indigent veterans. These posal is ratified the succeeding Legisla- points for service-connected disability, on are the State Soldiers' Home at Retsil, and ture will enact the necessary laws setting earned grades in merit system examina- the Washington Veterans' Home at Orting, up rates of payment, eligibility require- tions; war service credit under State re- both under the general administration of ments, etc. tirement system, and preservation of bene- the State Department of Finance, Budget Burial. County allowance for burial of fit rights under the unemployment com- and Business, Olympia, Washington. indigent veterans, their wives and wid- pensation act. Recording. Honorable discharges are re- ows. Any honorably discharged veteran Guardianship. Authorized appointment of corded free; certified copies of vital rec- is eligible for burial at the Grand Army trustees and guardians for incompetent ords furnished without cost when required Home at King; counties may apply for veterans for the purpose of receiving and in connection with claims for benefits from headstones and set them in place. administering benefits paid by the Veter- the Federal Government. Educational Opportunities. Free tuition ans Administration. Relief. A special levy of 1/5 mill is au- for veterans attending schools of voca- Homes and Pensions. For Confederate vet- thorized in each county for the soldiers' tional and adult education. erans only. and sailors' indigent fund, for general re- Employment Preferences. Preference to Housing for Veterans. Act of 1946 author- lief purposes. Administered locally on veterans in State and city employment; 5 izes any Housing Authority which may be recommendation of veterans' organizations. and 10 point rating upon examination for created under the laws of the State to Tax Exemption. No license required for employment by police and fire depart- develop and operate low-cost non-profit veterans selling goods other than his own ments; preservation of status and senior -

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 • 23A ity rights of classified civil service em- maintained at the high standard set by the their dependents, are eligible to admittance ployes of State and certain counties. Bene- national organization. In addition to a full- to the State Soldiers' Home, located at fit rights under unemployment compensa- time director, 8 assistants in the central Buffalo. tion act, and teachers retirement credit office and 3 in the field, plus one full-time Land Settlement. Veterans are given pref- preserved. contact representative in Wood VA Hos- erence under a land settlement act for Homes. Veterans of the World Wars and pital, carry the program at an annual cost reclamation and providing useful employ- their dependents who are unable to main- of $40,000, financed by the Department ment and rural homes. American citizens tain themselves because of age or disabil- from its general funds. Address: James F. who served in the allied armies and re- ity are eligible to admittance to the State Bums, Department Service Officer, The ceived an honorable discharge therefrom Soldiers' Home at Waupaca. American Legion, 342 N. Water Street, are also entitled to the benefits. Relief. The post-war rehabilitation trust Milwaukee 2, Wisconsin. Recording. Discharges recorded free by fund, ($13,000,000 available), made up of State Service Bureau. The Department of county clerk and register of deeds; free annual proceeds of the surtax on incomes, Veterans Affairs serves as the liaison copies of public records required by wards is used exclusively for health, educational agency between the State and its veterans; of the Veterans Administration. and economic rehabilitation of returning administers the Trust Fund, makes loans Tax Exemptions. Veterans of all wars are veterans of WW2. Loans may be made up and grants, renders claims assistance, etc. exempt from payment of poll tax (except to $1,000. Temporary aid to veterans and The agency is a consolidation, effected in school polls). All honorably discharged their dependents is provided for from 1945, of several separate bureaus. Address: veterans are exempt from property tax to other funds. Leo B. Levenick, Director, Department of the value of $2,000, including widows; ap- Recording. Discharge papers are recorded Veterans Affairs, State Capitol, Madison 2, plications for this exemption to be made free of charge; certified copies of public Wisconsin. on or before the 4th Monday in June of records needed to prosecute claims are WYOMING each year. Veterans who have not had provided at county cost. Burial. A county allowance not to exceed full $2,000 property tax exemption may apply Tax Exemptions. Disabled veterans are $100 is made for the burial of indigent balance due them on motor regis- exempt from fee for State peddler's li- war veterans; bodies may not be turned tration fee. cense; no other personal exemptions of a over to medical schools for dissection. War Orphans' Education. Children of permanent nature. Employment Preferences. Five and ten parents who died in service in either Rehabilitation Camp. Camp American Le- points preference to veterans under the World War, or whose death, following discharge, gion, Tomahawk Lake, was established in State merit system; preference is given resulted from service-connected 1925 to provide a center for the recupera- to veterans for employment in public de- disabilities are provided free tuition, mation and rehabilitation of veterans with partments and on public works; benefit triculation and other fees to all State edu- disabilities to enable them to return to rights under unemployment compensation cational institutions. State residence of their normal occupations. The plant, with act and teachers retirement systems pre- parent when entering service and orphan its main lodge and 22 cabins, is modernly served. when entering school is a requirement. equipped. An additional endowment of Guardianship. Uniform guardianship act Legion Service Bureau. Claims assistance $250,000 was raised for expansion to care with modifications to conserve and protect and other aid, conforming to the service for influx of WW2 veterans. No charge funds of incompetent veterans and minor work of similar Legion divisions in other for board and care; transportation paid if children receiving benefits from the Vet- States, is carried on from the Department not paid by post or other agency. Appli- erans Administration, and for commitment headquarters by a service officer and one cations are made through Posts, or to De- of incompetent veterans. assistant at an annual cost of $6,000. Ad- partment Service Officer. Homes. Honorably discharged veterans of dress: Carl A. Dallam, Department Service Legion Service Bureau. The veterans serv- any war who are unable to maintain them- Officer, care Veterans Administration, ice division of the Wisconsin Legion is selves because of age or disability, and Cheyenne, Wyoming.

INDEX TO SUMMARY

Alaska, Homesteads 8 Unemployment 5 Lost Discharge Papers 4 Allowances, Readjustment 5 Correction of Records 7 Medals, Service 8 American Legion Death Provisions: Military Academy, Appointments 8 Child Welfare Committee 9 Burial Allowance 7 Guenther Scholarships 8 National Services 9 Dependents' Compensation 3 National Cemeteries 7 Power of Attorney 3 Flags 7 National Service Life Insurance 6 3 Headstones 7 Recognized Agency Naval Academy, Appointments 8

National Commander's . 9 National Cemeteries 7 Scholarships, Orphans, Education of 8 Scholarships 8 Decorations and Medals 8 West Point (Also see under States) Appeals, Procedure in 4 Dental Treatment 4 Pay, Terminal Leave 5 Hospital 4 Dependents, Veterans 3 Army-Navy Pensions: Artificial Limbs, etc. 4 Discharge Certificate 4 Nonservice-Connected 3 Automobiles for Disabled 7 Discharges, Review of 7 Total Disability 3 Benefits Dogs, Guide, for Blind 7 Widows and Children 3 Eligibles to Receive 4 Domiciliary Care (VA Homes) 4 Power of Attorney 3 States, Alphabetical Order 11 Education of Orphans 8 Preference, Civil Service 6 Termination of 9 Educational Opportunities 5 Purple Heart 8 Blind, Guide Dogs for 7 Employment 5 Reclamation Lands, Homestead 9 Boards of Review Civil Service Preference 5 Records, Correction of 7 Discharges and Dismissals 7 Evidence for Claims 3 Rights, Veterans, List of 2 Correction of Records 7 Farm and Home Loans 5 Rehabilitation Committee 9 Officers Retirement 7 Flag, for Burial 7 Scholarships: Burial Expenses 7 Fraud, Penalty for 3 Business and Home Loans 7 Funeral Expenses 7 National Commander's 9 Cemeteries, National 7 GI Bill, Benefits of 5 Guenther, West Point 8 Campaign Medals, WW2 8 Government Life Insurance 6 Service Connection 3 Child Welfare 9 Homes: Veterans Administration 4 Soldiers' Homes 4 Cigarettes, Tax Free 9 Soldiers' and Sailors' 4 Terminal Leave Pay 5 Civil Service Preference 6 Loans For 5 Veterans Administration: Claims, How to File 2 Homesteads 8 Cemeteries 7 Evidence 3 Hospitalization 4 Organization and Duties 2 Penalty for Fraud 3 Insurance, Government 6 Regional Offices 10 Procedure in Appeals 4 Lands, Government 7 Victory Medals 8 Compensation Laws, Basic for Veterans 2 War Orphans 8 Service-Connected Disability 3 Leave Pay, Terminal 5 Widows 3 Dependents 3 Loans, GI Bill 5 Women's Army Corps, Medal 8

Magazine • December, 1947 24A * The American Legion .

Help Yourself to Good Taste

Hospitality lives in every heart, but Christmas provides a special

occasion to express it. When family and friends get together,

Christmas is as flavorful as it is gay. The table laden with plump fowl and delicious dressing, cranberry sauce, succulent

vegetables, snowflake potatoes with giblet gravy . . .

and Budweiser! Golden, bubbling, sparkling, foaming . .

Budweiser! It tells you with every sip why it is something more than beer ... a tradition in hospitality.

ANHEUSER-BUSCH iser SAINT LOUIS '

Last Report on Worms

By now upwards of 10,000 Legionnaires have written to this magazine or to worm farms for information on raising earthworms, as a result of tht article Selling the Great "WlNTHROP'S Outdoors by Arthur Carhart, in the June issue, and the follow-up Report on Worms HALF-TRACK* SLACK in the October Editors' Corner. (See Sound Off and Editors' Corner, this issue.) Ease into high and cruise your favorite fairway or ramble Since we would like to get out from under over campus paths in this popular Winthrop. It's the mountain of mail and yet render every rugged as its namesake but far more easy- possible service, we present below what we going. Available in Brown and Cardinal regard as sufficient information for interested readers to follow up. Red. Identical styles for boys. The references below should be of con siderable help, particularly since several i $J95 to Legionnaires have told us that apparently (SOME HIGHER) no government bureau can supply worm- 9 farming information. William McClintock, ^Winthrop Jrs for boys *595 to 795 of Coral Gables, Florida, wrote: "I have Also written to both the Florida and U. S. depart- In-'n-Outer Leisure Shoes $ 895 ments of agriculture for information without few l"f results." There are two main uses for cultivated earthworms. One is for fishing-bait, and the

other is for improvement of soil for agriculture. The literature on earthworms contains great claims for the value of intensive worm

propagation to increase crop yields, and ii might be well worth while for farmers to look into the matter further. There are also a great many lesser uses for cultivated worms— including food lor chickens, frogs and hatchery-fish. Some of our mail has come from persons already in the worm-raising bu-iness, and they are universally enthusiastic about the prospects of worm-raising as a business and about the value of worms for soil-improvement. Naturally we cannot advise any particular person to enter the business, since the risk depends on who you are and where you are and on your ability to develop a market. We prefer to give the best references we have at the moment. Legionnaire George H. Ross, of the El So brante Earthworm Farm, 749 Rincon Road, El Sobrante, California, will send a prepared letter and pamphlet on worm farming to veterans on receipt of 25(V He also -ells worms for breeding.

Dr. Thomas J. Barrett, Box 488, Roseoe.

r California, sells the book on worm cultu t' Earthworms, at one dollar, under the imprn: of Earthmaster Publications. He has a new book forthcoming, Harnessing the Eoilh worm, to sell prepaid at two dollars. Advance information suggests this book is mainly on agricultural uses for worm culture. The Colorado Earthworm Hatchery, 2131 Decatur Street, Denver 11, Colorado, sells

worms for propagation, distributes some lit- *Th irty red-rubber WINTHROP erature on worm farming, and sells at one ugs, one-quarter dollar the book Our Friend, The Earthworm. inch deep, scientific- by the late George Sheffield Oliver. ally distributed to Legionnaire William Larson's Nipmuc Earthworm Hatchery, 99 Ilopedale St.. H<>pe assure cushion tread dale, Massachusetts, sells worms for propa and perfect traction . . . Shoes gation, and distributes Dr. Barrett's book. WRITE DEPT. v FOR FREE Earthworms, in the East at one dollai STYLE BOOKLET. Texans in the vicinity of Palestine, Texas,

• • might contact C. H. Thorpe of the I, one Star Winthrop Shoe Co. Div: International Shoe Company Saint Louis | ^ Bait Company at 103 Spring St.. Palestine.

V \. 9£ 3t \ % J& ai: s& *fc m The American le^oi M gcizine WOMEN A LA MODE in the absinthe-clogged brain of a char- the same question: "Does the American acter called M. Pierre Hautfroidchienne, woman want these new styles and if she (Continued from page 25) top dog among Parisian fashion designers. doesn't isn't it T.S.?" The answer, of what would they think of her beast of a Call it, if you will, a crime passionel. course, was yes, and the publicity folk husband who wouldn't give her a few Anyway, it had its origin at the time were given the job of proving it. hundred paltry dollars to keep in style? American GI's liberated Paris. Monsieur The Stork Club, 21. El Morocco and Of course there were some exceptions, had a sister who had been the toast of Toots Shor's did a land-office business as strong-minded said "Nuts!" women who Paris for her interpretation of the can- the molders of public opinion, on un- of the fashion and even dared the fury can at the time .of the Franco-Prussian limited expense accounts, passed the good coterie by staging public demonstrations War of 1870. When les Americains en- news along to fashion editors and writers against this high-handed raid on the fam- tered Paris. Gabrielle Hautfroidchienne dedicated to telling women what's good ily budget. But by now these same women, was working as a mannikin at her broth- for them. One writer is said to have de- beaten and cringing, are doubtless slip- er's salon. murred at the new styles. The Missing ping into the shops and furtively ordering One day a sightseeing GI named Kilroy Persons Bureau is still seeking her. little of this few of that, to a and a be happened into the salon and, with Gabri- Hollywood, caught short by M. Haut- sent to 103 Oak Street, charge, please. elle, it was love at first sight. Encouraged froidchienne's edict, swung on board the It's lamentable that's the it is. but way by Monsieur her brother, the romance bandwagon by re-issuing Gone with the Men have a better record. Time and again, flourished, but one day, a few weeks II ind. To many people it was just a long- queer characters who indulge in feminine later, the soldier disappeared leaving a drawn-out style show with a girl callet! gestures and Chanel No. have dictated 5^4 note to the effect that he had a wife and Scarlett O'Hara modeling the latest vogue. that just must wear orchid panta- men several little Kilroys back in Indiana. Showing the lengths to which the fash- loons, high-heeled huaraches and crimson Heartbroken, Gabrielle threw herself into ion mob will go, consider what happened taffeta shirts with green awning stripes. the Seine and her brother vowed eternal during the Legion's National Convention With a few weak-minded exceptions the vengeance against all Americans, espe- in New York. There a few high-spirite I males have ignored the edicts, unmoved cially the wives of former U. S. soliders. men disguised as Legionnaires amused even by the tears of rage which flow from It was not surprising, therefore, that he themselves by squirting water pistols at the mascaraed eyes of the chappies who struck back at the first opportunity by the legs of women who showed themselves try to give them the word. And as long dictating that American women should be in short skirts. It has been definitely es- as the menfolk refuse to be bullied in this forced to go through life disguised as tablished that many of the water pistols way the country is probably safe. However, just because you're a man don't think you're entirely safe. Try stick- ing your neck out and you're likely to get what we suspect Fred Othman got. Fred, as you probably know, writes a syndicated newspaper column. He's a pretty courage- ous guy and in a nice way has turned up a lot of things that have aroused indignation plus a few laughs. Not long ago Fred wrote some criticisms of the new styles. Exactly what happened afterwards we don't know, but we can guess. Anyway, Fred subsequently allowed as how he had had a sudden change of heart once he saw his wife in a pretty new outfit. She was so charming in her long skirt, etc., etc., that he said he felt called upon to apolo- gize for the harsh things he had previously written. The designers, department stores and others, he conceded, had been right all along. Not a word about the rack and pinion, the bludgeons and thumbscrews.

What we're getting at is that fashion animated circus tents. came from the garment district not far can't be laughed off as spinach. It is an When in the summer of 1947 Monsieur's from Times Square, and a careful in- insidious force undermining the home, our edict was flashed to New York, the entire vestigation would probably show that the economic security and democracy itself. fashion industry swung into action. Big -quirters were nothing but ringers from Who wanted the new styles anyway? executives bore down on their push but- Paris. Men? Ha! Women? Only a small minority tons. Underlings were dragged into smoke- Next year, of course, there will be no with an oversupply of money, knock-knees, filled rooms, and M. Hautfroidchienne's point in shooting water pistols. To drive bow-legs, or a desire to look older. Since ultimatum was read: "The women of through the heavy draperies that women few people wanted the drastic innovations America he will at once wear the long will be wearing will take a bazooka at tin-

it stands to reason that they were forced skirts with bulging derriere. The shoul- very least. You know why? Well, as this on the American public by methods as ders she will slope as with anemia. The is written a new bulletin has come in from totalitarian in concept as anything by price, who cares? Hautfroidchienne." Paris. Next season, the report says, women Stalin, Tito, Hitler and Mussolini. Telegrams were dispatched to mills, con- won't be wearing the long skirts of fall This stab in the back at international verters, greige goods people and tent- 1947. For 1948 the women he will wear amity originated in gay, gay Paree, home makers, and immediately the industry skirts beaucoup inches longer. Paris—that of ze boulei nrdiers, ze Folies Bergere, ze went on a 24-hour basis. Next came the is to say Hautfroidchienne—has spoken. black marketiers, ze saloons and ze salons. job of selling the public. Publicity men by And in his chic Paris salon. Monsieur Hautfroidchienne laughs and laughs and Specifically, it came from ze salons, and battalions and public relations counsel by the story goes that the plot was hatched platoons were summoned. All were asked laughs. THE EN]

The American Legion Magazine December, 1947 • 55 —

How to ie a Politician

Down-to-earth advice to youngsters

who aspire to get behind the wheel

of a party machine

By TED C RAIL

Jin. Farley, master politician, the Democrat's President-maker

Here is A fact: The great game of number of young men it has misled into politics, both in and out of Wash- office-less activity. ington and up and down the United Among the most enduring of Amer-

States, needs some new players. If you ican mythful maxims is that which holds are an aspiring young man, full of plans "politicians should, at first, be anything for a brave new world, then Uncle Sam but." The Wendell Willkies put up too needs you —not in his Army, not in his good a show. They almost—almost Navy, but in his Capitol and legislative corroborate that. Willkie was one cor- Vour starting place will be the precinct halls. The political circle needs an in- poration president who took all the jection, a shot in its partisan hip, a whole headlines away from one U. S. Presi- legion of Jolmny-come-quicklies to rein- dent. He seemed to be an excellent case men are not politicians is that they are state the dignity of office. in point for the argument that to be a businessmen. Politics is like anything Here is another fact: You can deal successful politician you should be a else. You ha\e to be in the game to win yourself in. All you need to get a hand successful businessman. Willkie had the it. An office has to be stalked and and to get ahead is to get going. polls and the photographers with him. courted and secured—on its own terms, The "getting going" may, certainly, All he lost was the final vote. Spectacu- with its own weapons, within its own prove a poser to Presidential potential. lar losers such as he are forever showing grounds. Give Willkie his dividends and It always has. The trouble is that all the how close an amateur can come. The Greeley his editorials—there are far pretty, popular notions on "how to get fact is obscured that the winner was better starting points than theirs. elected" are mostly just notions. The no amateur—that professionals have a Perceive clearly that the arena for one significant thing about the man in way of finishing in the office, and politics must be narrowed to the polit- the street's impression as to how the amateurs have a way of finishing in the ical arena, and you will be spared the man in office got there is its absurdity. lurch. wildest goose chase of the game. To

One appalling thing about it is the The principal reason why business- take advantage of that, still more nar-

56 rowing must be done. You need to look to the arena and find the niche to fill.

The thing is not alone to throw your hat in the ring, but to throw it in the right one, too. There are ways and a way and the way to begin in politics. Jim Farley, holder at one time and another of a score of important offices, is an example of the men who take the way—the low road into high office. Big Jim was a "precinct worker," thousands of names and faces deep in the politics of New York, before he was out of his 'teens. He did wheel-horse jobs. He did inter- minable little jobs. He was all helpful things to all helpless men. And he gol on. He worked up and out. By the time he started to bald, Jim was starting to be a President-maker.

Managing Roosevelt's first bid for the first chair, he swung great blocs of votes —the cumulative result of a life-time of working with the little man who makes the x's. For Jim had learned a magical truth—one that can be learned and employed in the precinct as nowhere else

—that one man on your side is many, many more. The most-known man in

Little thing* count, any way you take it Congeniality i* a great vote-getter You're elected to serve i In? people

American politics got that way b) be- understands its most integral part. man s [tarty. Harken to the ghosts of ginning the right way—at the bottom. To break into precinct work you Presidents long dead, and take note of Farley's method of starting in the should contact the local central commit- the practices of politicos still living, and precinct is not the only method of crash- tee of your party. Youth is a popular you can't miss being one. College boys, ing politics, but it is the surest—the commodity around those committee of- veterans, twenty-two year olds the coun- careers of politicians living and dead fices. A little willingness and a little try round can start this way and have bear testimony to it. The precinct is the enthusiasm open compatriot arms and been starting this way for a long time. unit that makes and breaks. It is the the door to success. If you are enthu- "Most politicians get their start as smallest political division. Everybody" siastic, voice your intentions, accept the precinct committeemen.'" Precinct com- comes from one, every smart hopeful Hood of hand-outs always proffered, and mitteemen is an elective office, the firs! makes use of his. The politician's politi- press your case you will have an embryo you will want to essay. To get it usualh cian knows the precinct inside out be- career to nurse along almost at once. requires registering before the primaries, cause he comes from the inside up. He Efficient, thorough, likable precinct nothing more. To make the most of it re- knows politics inside out because he executives are a sought-after item in any quires every- (Continued on next page)

57 —

tliinfi that's in you. You will have con- you to an electoral nonentityship. There's London Bridges of the opposition topple. stituents—-people to be understood, to be a fellow now down in Washington named No doubt you are determined to do tre- analyzed, to be served, to be shown, to Harry Truman who began by helping out mendous things—and that is one attitude be enlisted. You will be able lo build your in the Pendergast-run precincts. Then be that will pan out if it's not overstrained. first following. got to be an overseer ol highways. Then a But don't hurry your progress. Leave the The inner workings of politics—the Ma- county judge. Since then he's become meteoric rises to the movies. If you don't chine—may disenchant you—it must. But pretty phenomenal. It wasn't just accident. start too high, you can't start too soon. it needn't disillusion you. It needn't make Even the Roosevelts—Teddy and Frank- Intend to win worlds, by all means; but you quit. Organization and nobleness are lin—weren't presidents all at once. Teddy start by winning precincts. not incompatible But you can't ennoble always photographed best tearing up hills. The late Fiorello LaGuardia used to the Tammany Halls and the Pendergast That doesn't belie the fact that he was a hang around Republican Headquarters in systems until you have risen above them. police commissioner before he won inter- New York back in 1914. He was young and Often you can't rise above them until you national peace prizes and before he led the unappointed and unelected. In those days. have come up through them. Politics is not Bull Moose break-through and before he New York Republicans weren't electing plush-lined. That's one of the things left tore the top off San Juan Hill. F. D. R. anybody, so it didn't matter much who got for you to flo. was a New York State politician and red- nominated. One night, a few minutes be- Wherever you are, if it's populated it's tape-runner before he got half-way close fore the secretary had to hand in the elec- a suitable proving ground for the person- to immortality. tion slate—desperate because be didn't ality and the principles you propose to Of course, the approach from the bottom have the name of the candidate for Con- win bigger elections with, later. requires an adjustment of exuberance. No gress—he called out. '"Who wants to run This low start and long push program one wants to play paddy-cake when he for Congress?" LaGuardia stirred, said "I from precinct to Presidency or some stop could be fighting an international cam- will." and spelled his name. To his oppo- short—is not something which began and paign against intolerance. But if this is nents, the name spelled trouble ever after. ended with Farley. It is not meant to lie paddy-cake, it's the kind that makes the Once you become associated with a political set-up you have to remember what "'The Little Flower" practiced. There

comes a moment when it is time to say "I." Precinct work is a beginning that can

be an end if you don't grab your opportunities. The fact that your opportunities are a dozen other persons' means that you have to push. Pluck and luck and might and main and do or die have to be re- enforced with honest self-seeking if they are to land you anywhere.

Un-copybook-like as it may be, this postulate holds hard and fast: Politicians may be born or they may be made but they have to be on the make. That doesn't leave politics sounding much like Sunday School—it isn't. It is a profession that requires, on occasion, sel- fishness, egoism, and harshness. The "pushing" method, standard to all political

arrangements, stands because it provides a selectivity—while allowing for a margin of unscrupulousness—that eliminates in- competents. It is both lamentable and necessary. It hasn't prevented the men with the highest principles—the Lincolns and the Wilsons—from garnering the highest box score. If you are a precinct committeeman, there are a hundred positions just ahead. There are health commissions, city councils, important committees, executive positions in the wards. If you are an Al Smith serving as a clerk to the Commissioner of Jurors, there is a State Assembly to be elected to, a State Constitutional Conven- tion to be a delegate of, a State Governor- ship to be filled. Al Smith used each of those offices as a springboard to the next one up. You can too—if you push. When you are on the make, the magic key that secures openings is efficiency en- hanced by personality. Efficiency doesn't require that you put two cars in every garage, a chicken in every pot, an upright bridge on every creek. Personality doesn't

58 ' The American legion Magazine * December, 1947 — : —

require that you put a good fifty-cent cigar He just tried to explain what they entailed. in every voting vest, give a hill-billy pro- In campaigning, the politician must take s5K gram on every platform, register assurance a similar attitude or find a surprising dis- AMAZING on every problem. They do require a con- crimination against him at the polls. The sidered approach. Efficiency and person- public no longer trusts men who can cry ality incorporated include common sense "bolshevist" resoundingly, hut who can be unlimited. flustered by the first high school debater NEW SAFE For efficiency, a sense of proportion is who calls for a definition and some proof. the most necessary attribute. To people To the politician, more than anyone, a who need a new sewer system, it is vain to good name is a good living. Be careful of prate about disarmament. Nothing but a your name. It has to go with all your pic- MAGNETIC sewer satisfies. In the precinct, it's the lit- tures. It is the only campaign issue allowed tle things that count. Getting Johnny on on the ballot. Defend it against every at- the police force, Billy out of jail. Grandma tack, against all coiners, at all hazards. to the rest home, Mary in the beauty con- But. precinct executive or President, don't test. That has always been Tammany Hall's e\ei make the mistake of trying to rest SAW secret weapon. After the deed is done, get- your case on it. ting them to the polls is easy. The American idolatry of consistency is And you must remember whom you are the other pit-fall that can drop you from serving. Lately there has been a highly the green pastures. For die-hards, dogmatic legal purge of those congressmen who tenaciousness to every statement and stand made a misinterpretation of their respon- they make is perfectly reasonable. For sibility. The isolationist senators and rep- those young men who expect to learn new resentatives have been - defeated, one by things after their twenty-first year and one, because they tried to serve groups un-learn old things there is a way out: If, when they were elected to serve a nation. from the first, you are consistently incon- They have been purged as effectively by sistent with your former mistaken con- *iADY FOR the voting United States as any Trotsky ceptions that is consistency enough. If you CHR,srMAS DEL*** ever was by Russia. are not afraid to take a stand and not

Council, it is the city that afraid to give up. will In the City one you not only NO MOTOR NEEDED—JUST PLUG IN! SAFE. counts. In the State Legislature, it is the be elected, you will be unique. PORTABLE. CUTS SMOOTH. CLEAN! The perfect, practical State that counts. In the U. S. Congress, And there you are— politics beckons different gift for all the family, h ob by -m i nd ed it is the nation. Forget and forbear and and the way can be reckoned. Take your friends or relatives! 5YN- your failure is a foregone conclusion. time, take your opportunities, trade on ef- CRO needs no belt, no gears, no oiling. No ro- Personality in politics is partly good- ficiency, and capitalize on personality tating motor to buy Self- contained magnetic fellowship carried to its logical and lucra- that is the way to crash the inner circle. power unit . . . 14.000 tive extreme. The magnetic super-salesman There is really quite a lot for you to blade strokes per minute! Just plug cord in any 50 sparkle of such men as Past National Com- work on. Some time ago President Tin- or 60 cycle (A.C. only)

I 10-120 volt wall outlet— mander of the American Legion Paul V. man made the announcement that it i- now and saw! The high-speed, McNutt, a front-rank politician since the technically possible to adequately feed, sho-t stroke action, and freedom from belts, early days of the New Deal, sells the man. adequately house, and adequately clothe makes SYNCRO so SAFE Congeniality is the great American vote- every person in every part of the world. small boys, girls may operate it. Use on table, getter. And yet—don't be deceived. The Somebody else has mentioned that we chair in apartment, house, etc. Cuts intricate yourself is can now build bigger planes, easiest way to defeat to be so and bigger s " designs on /9 soft wood, congenial that you are unbelievable. Car- boats, and bigger trains than ever before. Vy medium hard ply- wood and thinner hard- bon copy smiles get smudged after a while. There doesn't really seem to be much woods, plastics, thin The hypocrisy of universal agreement gets lacking but the adhesive tape of under- metals. Cuts to center of 27" circle! It's the big- found out. These fellows who slap backs standing for this post-war world of ours to gest, most powerful, saf- est and has greatest elected turn into the most phenomenal thing since and kiss babies—they may get one clearance (H'/V') and term, two terms, three—but they don't stir the first Ford car. So get in there, boys. largest table top (10" x 10") — of any magnetic men's souls—they just terrify babies. Win your precincts, win your worlds, and jig saw made! Base, 7Vi" x 6 3 Adjustable Guide McNutt, you see, like all truly then apply the stick-urn. THE END /t". successful Slide. Varying Voltage Adjustment Nut. No-mar politicos, is something more than con- rubber feet. 5-foot cable, rubber plug. Ideal for models, puzzles, inlays, silhouettes, toys, what-nots, genial. His personal approach is almost etc. Get this beautiful, safe quality tool today enjoy lifetime of use! Supply limited —hurry! the perfect combination for a modern-day a ORDER with Confidence .. READ THIS: when you get your SYNCRO. plug it in and saw -accord i ng to politician : He is an effective speaker, an instructions. Then, if it dots not satisfy you perfectly in every w^y, return it undamaged, postpaid and postmarked excellent writer, and a skillful showman within 10 deys of its delivery date, and your $17.50 will be refunded promptly without question. who stops short of exhibitionism. SEE rOUR DEALER FIRST! One consideration, effective public speaking, has the greatest effect on the non-partisan vote. Roosevelt's famed ''fire- side chats," most engaging if not the most NGRQ SAWIW CORPORATION pretentious of modern speeches, enrolled Dept.hcnt AL-127I . 197 Rochester, Michigan millions in his favor. Because he con- / KPORT IDDRESS: 120 Wall St., \ Y. City sistently banked on platitudes but debated Gentlemen: Here's mv order for one SYNCRO MAGNETIC JIG SAW Model No. 2000, shpK. wt, packed, 18 lbs., $17.50 FOB factory, Please send It on the issues, because he labeled without rumpk'ti' w th electric cable and plus. 3 blades, on your 10 D lys* Money Back Trial Offer. I enclose libeling, his talks always found a receptive -,i i payment. Please ship saw Expre: s charges collect or audience. He didn't try to reduce all sub- Parcel Post charges collect. s, for which I enclose an extra $ . jects to the terms of "democratic." "un- "Everybody ready for tlieir rinse'.'' Post, for which I enclose an extra $ . AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE NAME ....

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DER FUEHRER'S "A nightingale." "Lot of good looking jewels on it," ob MECHANICAL TOY Hitler looked at Hiinmler. Himmler served Goering. looked at Goering. Goering disclaimed the "Perhaps there is a story here after all," (Continual from page 12) invention with a shrug and a wave of his said Goebbels nervously. "Yes, perhaps tu> wine—not even the premier grand crus arms, and looked in turn at Goebbels. there is. You see, this was once the prop- from Ribbentrop's private caves. The good Goebbels gave a wild look at the four of erty of the Sultan of Zanzibar, presented sultan could find nothing more pleasing them and rushed from the room. But Goeb- to him by Napoleon Third." All four Ger- to his palate than a simple rice pilau and bels was no fool. It was not long before mans curled their lips. The bird was really curdled milk. As for women—like the he returned with the Director of the Mu- an exquisite piece. It could fit into the Chinese saint who cut off his eyelids be- seum of Invention and Industry who was palm of a lady's hand; yet the jewels were cause he had better things than the female carrying a small box in his trembling so delicately and intricately patterned that form upon which to meditate—Ibn David hands. Advancing with mincing steps he they gave the impression not so much of saw that even their blondness was only placed it upon Der Fuehrer's desk and color as of the sparkle of life itself. It part of an illusion. Once he frankly stepped back. seemed as if the bird at that very moment yawned in public. There was a furious Hitler stood staring at the casket, which had alighted daintily upon the box and conference following this gesture. Der was not much larger than a cigarette case, filled its tiny breast to the point where it Fuehrer thereupon stepped into the scene. with his hands in his pockets fidgeting was about to burst into song. He took Ibn David up to Bti chte^guden with almost intolerable curiosity as Himm- Hitler strode up and down, twisting his and on that mountain top in effect offered ler cautiously opened it. Sure enough, it head to eye it from varying angles while him the world. That is, he reminded his was simply a tiny jeweled nightingale scratching his mustache with his thumb. visitor that anything within the power of perched upon a miniature music-box. It Ibn David reached forward his slim, sal- man to give would be his for the asking. looked exactly like one of those costly low hand and touched a pink pearl that Did he want a great industrial plant'.'' A trinkets a very fat Fatima might like to was a rosebud. Instantly the nightingale system of banks? An army with tanks? A have to bounce upon her gorgeous bosom. came to life, cocking its head and look -squadron of airplanes? Ibn David looked The Germans were disgusted. The Director ing at Hitler so realistically that Dei into Hitler's terrific distended eyes witb of the Museum of Invention and Industry Fuehrer giggled and Goering gave a bel- low of laughter. The nightingale ruffled IMP-ULSB-S by Ponce de Leon its wings, threw back its head so that its neck shimmered in the light, opened its sharp beak and sang. There were no words, of course; but to the German ears the limpid stream of notes had instant vocal meaning. "Schon!" they exclaimed. "Oh, wunder-

schon! It is Die Meistersinger! Die Meis tersinger!" And they seemed to be hearing the actual words of the Prize Song:

Awake! The dawn is drawing nigh. I hear upon the hawthorn high

A lovely little nightingale! . . .

Hitler - was momentarily struck dumb. His eyes suffused with tears. All at once he felt an intolerable desire to possess this adorable little creature for himself. At the last triumphant note, no louder than the tinkle of a silver bell, the bulbul ruffled

its incredible plumage, cocked its saucy head, and its zircon eyes twinkled at Der Fuehrer. "O-oh!" exclaimed Hitler, "O-oh!" deep in his throat with the tender, long-drawn- out cooing sound the Arabs call sa'aja.

AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZ "Isn't that the sweetest thing? Ach, now

really! I must have that darling!" an expression that was childlike and bland. apologized, twisting his hands and explain- "What!" cried the Vizier in a booming

"Oh, my dear sir," he said. "What the ing in a quavering voice that it was just an voice. With blazing indignation his dark hell could I do with such things as those?" old Swiss piece that happened to be in a eyes flashed from Hitler to Himmler to "'What do you want then?" collection demonstrating the evolution of Goering to Goebbels. "Is this the way the "'Well," mused Ibn David stroking his musical instruments. No one cared. Curi- Ruler of the Reich bestows his gifts? Is silky beard, "if you insist. There is some- ously enough, Hitler all at once became this characteristic of the New Germanic thing I should like. There's an invention I interested. Order?" It is difficult to describe the shock saw in your great industrial museum— "Hein! What is this? What is this? Do of these words. No one before had ever most ingenious thing—most ingenious!" you mean it really sings?" dared speak in such terms in the presence "Hah!" hissed Hitler, his eyes narrow- "Oh, I most certainly hope so!" ex- of Der Fuehrer. But the Vizier was not ing with instant suspicion. After a mo- claimed Ibn David with the first flush of speaking of frontiers and marching armies, ment's thought his curiosity got the better enthusiasm he had shown since his arrival of pillage and destruction. He was speak- of him. "What i- it?" he asked cautiously. in Germany. "You see, it is really a bulbul ing of a little toy. Goebbels fluttered like ""It is a small mechanical bird." —the nightingale that sings so beautifully the grotesque shadow of a bird, emitting "'A what?" in my little country." low. whistling sounds. Goering, scowling.

60 * The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 "" " " : —— :

hooked his thumbs in his belt and let his ence. "I wish I had never seen the damned chins sink upon his chest. This had no thing—but now that I have—now that the effect upon the Vizier, who had a bigger matter has been publicized everywhere. I chest and a purple beard. Ribbentrop had must get that bird— I must—or else some the pained, pinched expression of a sales- of you will get the bird, if you know what man who has failed miserably to make his I mean! What about your heads of in- quota. Himmler stared bleakly at Ibn dustry ?" David. Hitler, pursing his lips petulantly, "We are working now on ersatz gems Trailer Homes are was the first to speak. made from old steins and beer mugs Luxurious National of "ft is such a little thing!" he protested. marvelous!" said the Director-General finding high favor with veterans, and

'•After all, it is not a worthy gift. Let me Industrial Relations eagerly. "Of course it others looking for comfortable, eco- Cathe- airplane production, but give you the organ from Cologne is slowing up nomical living quarters. Wherever — we are doing wonderful things. Already dral you go, your compact National is "It's out of tune." hissed Goebbels. "The we have a plan to procure alloys neces- always with you. English— sary for the delicate wiring. You see "Shut up," said Himmler out of the "Dumkopf! You have not fulfilled your corner of his mouth. mission, that's what I see!" screamed Hit- Send for your FRCC catalog Ibn David sighed. ler, tearing his desk blotter to pieces. "Oh. never mind." he said. "Please don't "And you generals! What's the matter bother yourselves if you can't spare it. with you? That bulbul was brought back But this is all I want—just the little to Germany by soldiers of the First Reich. bird— The Turks make pretty things with jewels. "Fuehrer!" blurted the Director of the So do the Egyptians and Italian- and Museum of Invention and Industry, click- Swiss and Spanish. My God. don't you ing his heels. "Surely in all the Reich I ever see birds in the countries you con- shall be able to find another equally good quer —superior, certainly—one perhaps— that "All I see are crows and ravens," shall sing from Die Walkiire Brauchitsch grumbled. NATIONAL TRAILER CORP. Hitler sharply. "Why that's all you can promise me?" "One!" exclaimed "So BOX l 270, ELWOOD, IND. not a full symphony? Surely Germany can said Der Fuehrer with sudden freezing do that!" He bent over the desk and looked austerity. the bulbul in the eye. "Oh, well." he added "All!" cried Brauchitsch, stung to the suddenly mollified, "let it go at that. After quick. "Listen! Four million Russian sol- MADE TO MEASURE all this one is a product of France or diers! Twelve thousand tanks! Nine thou- CLOTHES EOR MEN Switzerland. Nevertheless, it is our loving sand airplanes! Fourteen thousand pieces gift to a friend, no? But mind you." he of ordnance!" added turning to the others, and his voice He began to stammer as he met Der rose sharply with shrill avaricious in- Fuehrer's sly, piercing gaze—and when he tensity, "this is no casual order. See to it faltered Hitler screamed with the fury of that I have an exact duplicate of this little a comedian whose jokes are being stolen fellow on my desk while this one," he gave "Those are my figures! Those are my a swift side-glance to Goebbels. "this, my figures! Don't try to pull that game on personal gift, is singing Die Meistersing- me. I've read Mein Kampf too. you know!" er's song on the mountain heights of Delighted at this witticism, instantly Der Asia!" Fuehrer relented; but his voice took on a "Ach, herr Gott!" ejaculated Goebbels, plaintive quality that was close to the tears

reaching for his notebook. "What a mind!" of exasperation. "All I ask for is a little

However, in the end it did not prove to nightingale." be quite so wonderful a solution as he It is quite wrong to say the great Ger- hoped. man people could not produce mechanical In the first place the Director of the singing birds. Krupp's and I. G. Farben's Museum of Invention and Industry could records are full of working model-. Large not find a duplicate. The history of Ibn quantities were actually produced, enough David's bulbul was completely lost, since in fact for export to allied countries where MANY NEVER apparently the bird had first been acquired there had occurred shortage- of edible as loot, and nothing was known of the song-birds. But they all looked either like SUSPECT CAUSE artists who had constructed it. Great pub- Mexican costume jewelry or taxidermists licity had attended the bestowing of art. Infatuated ladies donated their Bel- BACKACHES loot OF the gift upon Ibn David. Equal pub- gian and Parisian but the transmog- This Old Treatment Often looked like peafowl. Piano licity was given Hitler's desire to secure rified result Brings Happy Relief its mate. As time passed without results tuners and cuckoo-clock makers from the Many sufferers relieve nagging backache quickly, once they discover that the real cause of their trouble the acquisition of the mate became almost Black Forest were released from all forms may be tired kidneys. the as important as the conquest of a new of military service in order to concentrate The kidneys are Nature's chief way of taking excess acids and waste out of the blood. They help domain. In fact, as difficulties continued upon the design and manufacture of birds. most people pass about 3 pints a day. When disorder of kidney function permits poison- to multiply, it became a sort of challenge The Czechs were granted new political ous matter to remain in your blood, it may cause nag- of pep to Germanic industry, art. culture and the concessions in the hope of stimulating ging backache, rheumatic pains, leg pains, loss and energy, getting up nights, swelling, puffiness military arts and sciences. What! Can they their native inventiveness. under the eyes, headaches and dizziness. Frequent or passages with smarting and burning some- not even make a mechanical bird that will The worst of it was that the outside scanty times shows there is something wrong with your sing? world— the detestable enemy—was getting kidneys or bladder. Doan s Pills, Don't wait ! Ask your druggist for of happening. At first it "I have never known such stupidity!" wind what wa- a stimulant diuretic, used successfully by millions give happy relief ana will shrieked Der Fuehrer in private confer- appeared as merely a bit of bizarre news tor over 50 years. Doan's help the 15 miles of kidney tubes flush out poison- Doau's Pills. December, 1947 61 ous waste from your blood. Get —

—an illuminating commentary upon some- their favor that he reserved comment. Emperor of Japan. Others thought it was thing or other. But the affair was fast Goebbels wished, of course, to dramatize the Pope. A few were naive enough to approaching that point where at any mo- the whole business. Could not the Vizier suggest President Roosevelt. None dreamed ment it might suddenly become ridiculous. make a return trip to Berlin bringing the of Ibn David —much les> David himself! Uready Colonel Britton had solemnly re- bird as if it were another one secretly By this time Goebbels had broached ported ovei liis mysterious radio that the manufactured in Germany as a great sur- the matter to Der Fuehrer. Instantly tin secret back of Hess's flight to Scotland prise for Der Fuehrer? The Vizier made tension under which all had been work- was that he got lost seeking a nightingale. a wry face at this invitation to tell a lie; ing ceased. Hitler was delighted! Once The great army of submerged uncon- but he declined politely, explaining that more the blitzkrieg began to function. querables who were feeling towards or- since the sultan would never leave the Tanks rolled on with more determined ganization under Colonel Britton's "Vic- mountain again, he himself would not go clanking. The U-boats swam deeper. Tin tory-V" symbol were in a mood to seize away without him. Heinkels flew higher. Goering bestowed upon an incident to turn the laugh on "However," he suggested urbanely, another basketful of badges. The piano Germany. Intolerable! Bad enough to see "since we are naturally eager to co-oper- tuners and cuckoo-clock makers happily the chalked "V's" in Belgium and the ate, I shall be glad to send it by special goose-stepped back to their military duties. Low Countries that stood for "victoire" messenger who would deliver the bird When the time came for the actual and "vreihedt." Worse to hear blinded exactly at the appointed time. In that way presentation, the scene in Der Fuehrer's veterans and even beggars tapping out there would be no danger of anyone dis- office was only impressive because of the the Morse code signal— for "V" in public covering the—ah—subterfuge. No one will people assembled there—Hitler, Goering. with cane and bowl "tap-tap-tap-TAP!" know of its origin outside of Germany, Goebbels, a few others of the hierarchy, The final conquest by force of arms caused except us three." He sighed windily. "Let's and, of course, radiomen and photograph- many of us to forget the potency of that go in and drink champagne while we dis- ers. But if there was but a small audience great password of the Underground in all cuss this thing. We must be very careful within the room, there was an unbeliev- occupied countries. It was the one uni- not to let my holy master know. He does ably large audience outside. Naturally the versal word that rallied all together in a not even know that I have yielded to Herr bird sang a common language, and all the cry that could not be stilled—three dots Ribbentrop's champagne. It would be fatal world was listening. and a dash—Victory! —in all languages. for him to learn I have returned Der There had been a tremendous build-up. Goebbels appealed to Himmler, whose Fuehrer's gift." Again the world heard the roaring story a~>ociation with Air Marshal Goering gave "Oh, naturally, naturally," his visitors of the New Germanic Order while the him an abiding distaste for birds. murmured. principals fidgeted in the room. Hitlei

Together the two engineered a benign This gave Goebbels the necessary leit- hiccupped and gave a soft belch and the conspiracy. Assisted by Von Papen, with motif for the affair. Mystery! Perfect radioman put a finger to his lips and said. extreme tact and delicacy they approached timing! Dramatic presentation! "Tchk! Tchk!"—for they were now on the Ibn David's Vizier and intimated that it No sooner had they returned to Ber- air—just as the messenger entered carry- would be most agreeable and politic if lin than rumors began to spread that the ing in his extended hands the little night Sultan Ibn David would loan them his master race had accomplished it! A bird ingale cocking its head at Der Fuehrer little bulbul under the veil of diplomatic had been made that was so amazingly with an impudent but friendly flirt of its secrecy until such time as they could have realistic one would not be surprised to tail. an exact duplicate manufactured. To their see it lay an egg. But this little bird was "O-oh!" gurgled Hitler in exactly the inexpressible delight they learned that Ibn not going to lay an egg—not if Hitler and same tone he used when he first saw it. David was already bored with the thing! Himmler and Goering and Goebbels could There was a moment then of complete sil- The Vizier explained this by taking prevent it! Soon it was known that the ence, everybody attentively alert. Der them out on a balcony of the garden, bird had been ordered by a friendly poten- Fuehrer rubbed his hands, leaning for- darkly shadowed with chenar and mul- tate—one who wielded enormous power ward, and pressed the pink pearl that was berry trees, fragrant with roses and jas- but who for the present preferred to re- a rosebud. Instantly the nightingale came mine, and canopied with stars that were main unknown. Some surmised it was the to life. It ruffled its wings, threw back its

freshly polished with pearl-dust and gold. head so that its neck shimmered, ope I The deep dream-like silence was suddenly its beak, and broken by the song of a bulbul. Instead of the stream of notes of l>i< "You will notice," said the Vizier in a Meistersingers song, there came three hoarse whisper, for he knew that Ibn sharp taps and a rap—"tap-tap-tap-R \P!" David too was listening to the bird, "that —the Morse code for "V"—"victory," though the silence of the night is broken "victoire," "vreihedt"—amplified over a by the song it is not disturbed. It enhances hook-up that made it sound like an ex-

I he peacef ulness, if you know what I mean. plosion around the world. Are "\\ you acquainted with the poet Hafiz? hat's that?" hissed Himmler—as if No? Well, he says that the song of the they all didn't know—for every last one. nightingale causes the rosebud to swell at that sound hunched his head below his with rapture until it bursts and scatters shoulders as if dodging a blow. Then the its fragrant bloom. Note the fragrance of nightingale sang—not Die Meistersinger s this garden where the real bulbuls sing." song—but the rugged first movement of "I shall make a note," said Goebbels. l>ei ihoven's filth Symphony: "Well, while you're at it, make a note There's Fate knocking at the door— of this too. Your little mechanical bird was Ra p-i ap-rap-RAP ! all very well in Berlin, where there were bulbuls, no because it reminded my holy As the song came over the air it was master of the living birds that sing to him suddenly interrupted by what seemed to every night here; but the little music-box "Ed believes he has developed an en- be a shrill blast of static. In reality this tirely solution to problem had no effect upon the roses!" new the of was Der Fuehrer's squeals, for when he baldness" Himmler didn't quite like this; but then seized the little bulbul by the throat, the AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE the situation had turned so wonderfully in damned thing bit him. THE END

62 ' The American legion Magazine • December, 1947 Sonny Says- eA*nM* ^ B'f* fyo^ compare Mor»; ng FlaVQr rare

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Listen to CHAMPION ROLL CALL, Harry Wismer's fast sportscast every Friday night, over ABC network 64 The American Legion Magazine IV© TIME TO SPARE Hank Marino, of Milwaukee, has rolled four games, but he'd always roll a 300 ten. Four men have rolled two 300 games for the boys. {Continued from page 23) in a single three game series. In addition Steve probably rolled more 300 games naturedly for half an hour, and then were to Charley Daw, they are Frank Caruana, than any man in history. Folks in Chi- told that competition would be suspended of Buffalo. Jack Aimer, of Youngstown, cago used to say, "Steve always rolls a for the night, and the games completed the and Hank Marino. Caruana also holds the 300 before he goes to dinner." Yet he following week. record for successive strikes, having made never got a 300 game in the record book None of the bov/lers liked waiting a week 29 in succession, and is the only man to because he could never get 12 strikes in to finish his series, and one, Barney Koral- roll two 300 games in succession. one game under tournament conditions. weski. was downright disgusted. Barney Nobody knows how many bowlers have It would be obviously unfair to credit had been hotter than a pistol that last rolled twelve or more consecutive strikes those 300 games, just as it would be un- game, and his score sheet showed eight yet never tallied a perfect game. A friend fair to credit the fifty-odd perfect games successive strikes. When a solid. 195- of mine rolled sixteen consecutive strikes claimed by the contemporary "Chesty average bowler lines up that many strikes, in a league match, ending one game with Joe" Falcaro, only one of which fully met he really begins hoping, and Barney had a string of nine alley-clearers and starting the conditions and is in the record book. wanted a 300 for a long time. the next with seven straight. The two Understanding then, that we are talking Trying to knock out 12 successive games produced scores of 272 and 256, only about ABC-approved 300 scores, let's strikes is punishment enough, and the which, after twenty years, still stand as go on to inspect more facts and oddities postponement raised it to the level of tor- the two best games he ever rolled. He about the perfect game, many of which ture. Barney would have to wait a week, takes no pride in the two games, nor in have been documented by Eli Whitney of and then step in "cold" in the ninth frame the series (his third game was 252), but the American Bowling Congress. to try for not just one strike, but four of simply considers himself bitterly as the First, let's assume that you have 11 them. No bowler had ever had that much fellow who rolled four more consecutive strikes and are about to try for the twelfth. pressure put on him—a whole week to strikes than are needed for a perfect game Chances are you will make it, for more cool off, seven days of anticipation and but was gypped by fate. Perhaps some- bowlers have rolled 300's than 298's and worry over the hazards of delivering the where there is a bowler who has rolled 22 299's combined. Nobody has rolled a 291 four hardest strikes in bowling. in a row. the maximum possible without or 292. which would mean picking off only Barney proved himself equal to the getting 300, yet has never achieved per- one or two pins on that last ball, but an challenge. A week later he walked into fection. unfortunate sergeant named. Fortune be- the alleys, picked up his ball, and cleared The ABC. in granting its gold awards, came immortal when he lined up 11 strikes the alley four times in a row to go down recognizes only games bowled in sanc- on the PX alleys at Camp Pendleton, Va., in bowling history as the only man who tioned league competition. To qualify, the and then rolled the 12th ball down the ever took a week to roll a perfect game. game must be bowled in competition, to gutter. If you leave one pin standing in Perfect games being that hard to get, insure accurate scoring, on alternate ad- the 12th frame, it probably will be the it should be no surprise that the Ameri- joining alleys, against a foul man. The 10 or the 7. which spoil more 300 games can Bowling Congress decided years ago alley must be level within .04 of an inch than all the other pins combined. to award gold medals to bowlers who got from gutter to gutter, the pins must be Your chances of rolling a perfect game them. The original award was for the new. are better in Chicago, which produces highest game bowled during any one year, The reason for these restrictions might more than its share, and better in the but in 1908 two bowlers came forth with bear illustration. Steve Giroux, a Chicago winter months, when the pins are more 300 scores, howled in sanctioned competi- alley operator, had one alley bed, grooved dry and vibrant. If you are left-handed, tion. The bowlers. Homer Sanders and through long usage to his style of hook, your chances diminish, and bowlers who A. C. Jellison, both of St. Louis, rolled on which he could hit 300 almost any throw a backup ball don't do well either. off the tie and Jellison won the gold medal. time he wanted to. About 4 p.m. patrons A backup style, however, didn't stop The following season. Val Seng, of Chi- would begin begging him to make a 300 Henry Kutch. of Minerva, Ohio, from cago, and Jule Schmidt, of St. Louis, each game. He might have to start three or boosting his 166 average a bit last year rolled perfect games, and the ABC decided that the 300 game was here to stay.

Because it seemed unfair to compel the bowlers to roll off the tie. gold medals were awarded to each of them, and for every qualified 3*00 score since that time.

Subsequently, it was decided to award silver medals for 299 scores, and bronze medals for 298's. The recipient may choose either a medal, belt buckle or ring. It should be noted that although Jelli- son was the first bowler to receive a gold 300 award, the first bowler to roll 300 in league competition got his perfect game in East Bockford. 111., in 1902. before any awards were made. He was Ernest Fosberg, then 19, who at this writing still lives and bowls in Seattle, Wash. Fosberg was entered in the 1947 national tournament. During the years that the awards have been made 167 men have rolled two 300 games, 34 have rolled three of them. 13 have rolled four, seven have rolled five, three have rolled six, and one seven and

The American Legion Magazine • December, 1 947 • 65 with a neat 300 game in a scheduled match. produced in American Legion league com- saved, he finished off the series with a 129. J. J. Doyle, of Staten Island, N. Y., petition by David C. Bart. Jackson, Mich., Then there was Harry Wilson, who had to watch his wife roll 300 in 1942, Freeman Edwards, Detroit. Mich., Her- dropped into a Davenport, Iowa bowling

I n i l ire he managed to get one during the man Fraunhoefer, Chicago, and Charles alley and was pressed into a substitute's L943 season. Peter Kisloski, of Wilkes- Llewellyn, Youngstown, Ohio. Hundreds role. Although his average was 143. he Barre, Pa., already had two 300's to his of other Legionnaires have rolled 300's in started off with a pathetic 111, and fol- credit in 1940 when he put in what he non-Legion bowling league-. lowed that with a 125. Then he went to Mill considers the unluckiest evening in During World War II. at least six men work. He smashed out a strike on the

howling history. Kisloski rolled a series lost their gold 300 awards while serving first ball of the third game and kept it up of 299-226-299. Two chances in one eve- overseas. Ken Simmons. Rochester, N. Y., through 11 frames. He was nervous and ning, and he missed on both. had bowled three 300 games before he tense when he got ready to throw the The late Henry Martin. Sr.. of St. Paul, went overseas. He was captured by the final ball.

was the oldest man to roll 300. He got his Germans at Faid Pass, and shipped to a Taking a couple of deep breaths. W il- at age 69. The youngest perfect bowler PW camp in Italy. One day a guard asked son stepped to the foul line and released was 16 year old Dick Hoover, of Akron. him about his 300 ring and belt buckle. the ball. It rolled down the alley, obviously bad. and didn't even hit the head pin. Pins clattered down, but the 4-2-1 still stood. But, hold it! Would they stand? The three pins were wobbling in a weird fashion, and after what seemed minutes to Wilson, they toppled over. The fact that Harry Wilson could get a 300 on a hit like that proves that luck does have some bearing "on the perfect game. Occasionally, in fact, a bowler turns up a 300 game which is so much a result

of luck that he's ashamed of it. Vein Capalite. of Omaha, had one which seemed to him so bad that he tried to refuse his 300 award. He said most of his strikes were crossovers and nose hits, and he didn't deserve a medal, but the ABC over-

ruled him and awarded it anyway. They

figured a perfect game is so hard to get that you deserve credit no matter how lucky you were. You can best appreciate how nervous the low-average bowler becomes when he Ohio, who got his 300 in 1946. His se- Simmons explained that they were is trying for that 12th strike by seeing ries was 268-300-279. which also captured awards for bowling perfect scores, but the what can happen to a star bowler in the the 1946 national record with an 847-pin German wouldn't believe him. He said no- same situation. Hank Marino is a case total. body could get 12 strikes in a row, and in point. Not only is he a star, but only On two occasions, two bowlers have promptly took the ring and buckle. When Walter Ward, of Cleveland, with seven picked up perfect games in the same Simmons returned to the States he re- 300's. has come close to equaling his rec- league session. In 1940, George Bender ported the theft to the ABC. and the ord of 10 perfect games. and Eddie Kaminski were bowling in the awards were replaced without charge. Up On January 1944, the Milwaukee Erie. Pa., major league and each had nine to the present six awards have been re- 17, bowler already had eight perfect games strikes in a row. Kaminski"s turn to try placed, which were lost in France, Ger- behind him. and when he reported for for the last three came first, so Bender many, Italy, the Gilbert Islands and the with his league team that night walked over and watched him run his Philippines. bowling began lining up a long string of strikes. strikes to 12. One of the peculiarities of the perfect he large crowd of spectators, including Bender returned to his own alley, picked game is the frequency with which average A former Gov. Julius P. Heil, his team spon- up a ball, and prepared to roll it. His or below average bowlers turn up in the sor, gathered behind him. teammates were stunned, for the ball he 300 ranks. A freak run of luck, or the grabbed was not his own, but one belong- sudden discovery of a good hook pattern, Hank spins the ball off his thumb and tight hole. Unlike most bowlers, ing to a teammate. Should they tell him, may produce a startling transformation. needs a and risk shattering his nerve, or keep Wilbur Beckley, a Kiel. Wisconsin boy, his thumb shrinks instead of swelling quiet and risk having him miss because served 17 months in Italy and France after several balls have been rolled. When turns the ball around of an ill-fitting ball:* They decided to and came home paralyzed from the waist that happens Hank keep quiet. down. Six months in the hospital put him and inserts his thumb in the finger hole, Bender rolled the ball down the alley. back on his feet, and he began doing a which is 1/64 of an inch smaller. Crash! A perfect strike. He came back, little bowling, working up to a 142 aver- With 11 in a row, Marino took his posi- wiped his hands, and waited for the ball age in the Goodfelluwsliip league. tion to deliver the vital 12th ball. The

in return. He still failed to notice that it In January. 1946. Beckley was asked spectators saw him stand for several sec- was not his own. Crash! Another strike. to substitute with a team in the Kiel In- onds, trying to get his thumb into the Another breathless wait, another grab for dustrial League. He opened with a 125 hole, and were completely mystified when and placed his ball back the wrong ball, another -t i ike and George game, and felt ashamed that he had not he walked away Bender had his perfect game, lulling for bowled his average. Perhaps it was his on the rack. the three final strikes with a strange ball. eagerness to make up for his first game Hank dried his hands methodically,

Many perfect games have been lulled that did it, but at the end of the second then walked back to the rack and picked bj former servicemen, and four have been he had 12 little X's, all in a row. His face up his ball. He rolled it and got the strike

66 * The American Legion Magazine * December, 1947 which gave him his 9th ABC gold award. asked his manager what he should do. His only remark was, "What a swell time "By all means strike, if you can," the for something like this to happen." manager said. "We need every pin."

On his first trip to the approach, to Jimmy shot for it. and made his 12th deliver his 12th ball. Hank was surprised strike, to complete his only 300 game. and annoyed when he discovered that he Other great bowlers, however, have could not get his thumb into the ball. scoffed at the 300 superstition. The late He had unconsciously turned the ball and Billy Knox, of Philadelphia, was the first was trying to force his thumb into the of 10 men to roll perfect games in the finger hole—something which was not yet ABC national tournament, but it didn't possible because the thumb had not re- ruin his bowling. He did have the longest duced sufficiently. wait for his second perfect score how- Right then Hank demonstrated the stuff ever. It came 23 years later. Billy also REEVES FABRICS of which champions are made. In trying rolled what probably was the most spec- to force his thumb into the hole his hand tacular perfect game in bowling history: make strong, sturdy become wet with perspiration, and He 12 strikes in succession with a had made UNIFORMS.. .WORK AND SPORT CLOTHES when he discovered his error he was able curtain strung across the alley so he didn't to think fast in an emergency, and couldn't see the pins! Ask your dealer for uni- rush ahead to roll with slippery hands. You probably won't want to try to make forms, work ond sport He got his 12th strike, of course, and yours that way. but if you ever get strikes clothes of Reeves Fab- rics. Reeves Army Twill'', two games later pounded out another per- up in 11 frames you might start hoping of which Uncle Sam to raise his total to 10. that don't fect one you duplicate a game which is bought 90 million yards, Bowlers are a superstitious lot. although supposed to have been rolled in Omaha insures extra wearability and good looks. not many have been as superstitious as around 1900. That unfortunate bowler Demand Glengarrie Poplin* for matching shirts. ^Sanforized— residual shrinkage less than Tony Karlicek. of Chicago, who got his rolled his last ball so hard that a pin 1%

300 on March 31, 1916. Tony was the split in two. Half of it stood and the World's Greatest Superstitious Bowler. He other half fell down. REEVES BROS., INC. carried three balls as a matter of course, They scored him 299%! 54 Worth St., New York 13, N.Y. and bought a new one almost every week, Or so they say. the end. in case the ones he already had should prove to be unlucky. He would even leave LEGION PLAYS SANTA alleys in the middle of a game and the (Continued from page 21) change his underwear—for luck, that is. the nation, of the town, But with all his superstitions. Tony knowing routed WORLD'S SMALLEST RADIO KNOWN) Wt only \ lb. Beautiful Silver Black plastic the letters thus addressed to the Santa case. Has Inductive Slide Tuner—W4 Crystal perfect " wasn't afraid of rolling a game, Diode—NO TUBES. BATTERIES OR ELECTRIC Claus, Ind., office. "PLUG IN NEEDED! Should last tor years! as were many other top-notch bowlers. The post GUARANTEED TO PLAY am magnificent Jimmy Blouin. two time ABC Mr. Martin answered as many of them 1 loi a I S if e npltl NEW 1948 MODEL as time would permit and sent small gifts :d. Use it at bome, in bed, in many offices, hotels, _ match champion from Blue Island. Illi- where! HUNDREDS OF SATISFIED CUSTOMERS ALL OVER THE WORLD' tCash "° Ch ^ ""JW postman S2 99 plus de- to some of the children he thought the SEND ONLYVilla Si 00 , tlvery , jjgc, nois, who died last winter, feared that ees on arnva | of send for post paid delivery. Complete as shown—ready to play with self contained personal phone. WONDERFUL GIFTS rolling a 300 would jinx him for keeps. most needy. When notice of his death FOR CHILDREN' Order now at this low bargain price- Prompt shipment on orders sent now—today! Be the first to set YOUR Pakette Radio! I All foreign orders $5 00 U. S. cash with order). several opportunities to try for was broadcast and appeared in practically He had Po-Kette Radio <©., Inc. Deo*. AL-12, Kearn«v. N*t»r. one. but each time announced that he every newspaper in the United States, the many thousands of children who had wouldn't do it. Then came the night, in an important never seen him felt they had lost a real Designed for LIVING friend. money match, when Jimmy got to the Every Piatt model is designed 11th frame and had 11 strikes up. He Oscar L. Phillips, who died recently, was for year-around living

then appointed postmaster and continued Write for new catalog and address Martin's custom of answering the letters. of the dealer nearest you When the volume outgrew the ability of one

person to handle it, the Legion Post, com- manded by Jim Yellig. stepped in and

agreed that it and other Posts and Auxil- iary Units would answer them. Letters from obviously poor children are forwarded on to Posts and charitable organizations in the community where the child resides. No letter goes unanswered. Picturesque backdrop for this unique plan is the Santa Claus Land children's What Every Mason Wants park and Toy Capitol itself. The 31-acre We have important Masonic park's myriad attractions, which last year books for Blue Lodge, Chapter, Commandery, Scottish Rite, and drew more than 150.000 visitors during Shrine. the fall season, are a real-life land of en- Our Rituals Are Used the World Over. Send for free catalog of books and rituals for chantment. Masons, Odd Fellows. Knights of Pythias. Knights of Columbus, etc. Streets are named Reindeer, Star of the EZRA A. COOK, Publisher, P.O. Box 796, F D, Chicago 90. III. East, Christmas, North Star, Kriss Kringle, caused by sudden Evergreen, Holly and St. Nicholas. There changes when flying, is also a Holiday Boulevard on which relieved with '7 shot an arrow into the air. it fell to stands a 42-ton. full-color statue of Santa ." earth I not . know where . Claus. ...Helps to control AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Biggest and most exciting attraction for organs of balance. Quiets the nerves December, 1947 67 the children is the Enchanted Trail. It restaurant with a child-size soda fountain. Geneva— Briand, Cecil and Stresemann for features a one-third-mile-long path through Too, there's old Santa Claus himself, example. But generally speaking these sin- a wooded park. Along the path appear who completes the childhood dream when cere, patriotic men permitted small dis- dioramas of the most popular Mother he appears and chats merrily with the agreements to divert them from major Goose characters—in full color, life-size, children. For musical background, the goals. Aiming at a single objective and and in their actual story-book settings. park presents Christmas carols from a agreeing on fundamental principles, they There's "Jack and Jill" tumbling down carillon at 1 P.M. and 4 P.M. daily dur- allowed disagreements as to method to separate the hill. . . . The '"Crooked Man"' posed ing the Yuletide season. them. Slogans sometimes took the in front of his crooked house. . . . "Hump- Even the closest observers may not place of reasoned judgment, and honest ty-Dumpty" sitting atop the wall . . . and discover that Santa's round little belly, convictions gave way to prejudices. many others. twinkling eyes and hearty laughter resem- After the League of Nations came into Roads leading to Santa Claus are ble those of Jim Yellig, nationally-known being the late Adolph S. Ochs, owner of jammed with cars from all over the coun- Santa Claus. Yellig has played Santa to the New York Times, piously announced try— folks who want to get a closer view more children than probably any other to me, then his Geneva correspondent, that of the Christmas-name village and its man in the world, both in person and as for his newspaper the League Covenant fairyland attractions. As in former years, Commander of Post 242. must have the same respect as the Bible. thousands bring letters and packages to So, as another Christmas approaches, The League could do no wrong, he insisted, the post office for remailing with the this famous Hoosier village again becomes and must not be criticized. Time passed cherished SANTA CLAUS postmark. Let- a focal point for thousands of Americans and the League's errors became glaring. ters sent fourth-class to the Santa Claus who have emerged from a World War This writer argued with Mr. Ochs that just postmaster are also remailed bearing this to rediscover the peace and hope of the as the growing child may benefit from an magic postmark. future dwelling in a childhood dream—and occasional spanking it might be better for

There is a main Exhibit Hall which the answer to that time-honored question, the League if from time to time it were includes a toy and gift shop and a "Is there really a Santa Claus?" the end verbally chastised. The publisher finally yielded the point, but his faith endured. However, the League died. BREATHING TIME In one dispatch, filed to a London newspaper, the eminent representative of Brit- Today the magnificent edifice at Geneva (Continued from page 15) which housed ain was described as "a combination of a the League is filled from cel- lar to garret with I happened to preside at the luncheon jellyfish and an eel." What Japan did after a multitude of U.N. committees and in Geneva given by the Anglo-American that is bloody history we must never forget. sub-committees, large and small. Hotels and press at which Simon revealed the inten- Several times the U.N., through its boarding houses overflow with tion of his government to appease the Japa- Security Council, which has the primary persons carrying U.N. credentials, and according to the nese. According to reliable information, Sir responsibility of preventing war, has fig- Genevese the town is busier and John had been filled with indignation at uratively been tied in knots by the veto of more prosperous than in the greatest of the Japanese the preceding evening, and the Soviet representative, and similar ac- days the League. I do not cite this in a spirit had promised the Chinese delegation and tion in the Assembly meeting at Lake Suc- of criticism. The new organization's Mr. Stimson the full support of Great cess has been taken by representatives of size and the whereabouts of Britain. To our astonishment, when he was nations within the Russian orbit. Occa- its personnel are relatively unimportant if called upon to speak he took a diametri- sionally the Soviets have yielded ground, only it clicks, in the familiar slang phrase. In furnishing cally opposite position. Instead of vigor- and there appears to be reason to hope a forum which hears various ously attacking the Japanese action he half that with every vote taken in these bodies international problems and spreads the record before heartedly excused it. and ambled along and in other units of the U.N. there is the nations of the world the witli vague explanations, intimating finally evolving a pattern which will bring suc- U.N. has performed a notable service to that nothing could be done, "because." he cess where the old League failed. At this mankind. The diplomats at Lake Success know, however, said in conclusion, "what is China af:er all Christmas season it is good to be able to that this splendid begin- but a geographical expression?" The record guarded optimism concerning the ning is not enough. We whom they repre- Americans remained silent, but our British future course of the U.N. sent expect them to profit by the errors of colleagues were loud in their denunciation There were high-minded, earnest states- the old League, to say what they mean, of what they called a "turncoat attitude." men at the councils of the old League in mean what they say, and back up U.N. decisions with all the power which civili- zation can muster against any power that threatens the peace. As a sincere friend of the U.N. and what it is attempting to do, I hope that no one who wishes to criticize it will remain silent because of a fear that

such criticism is inappropriate. There is nothing sacrosanct about the organization or the men charged with its direction, and constructive criticism is always in order. One more thought. The people of the United States, realizing that inevitably they will be called upon to furnish a good percentage of whatever armed force the U.N. brings into being to enforce its will, is not letting down its guard, being mind- ful of the Scriptural counsel that when a strong man armed keepeth his palace his goods are in peace. The best way to make certain that we shall always be ready is to adopt Universal Military Training as a national policy. the end

68 * The American tegion Magazine " December, 1947 —

HOW I STEPPED into. * Big Pay HOTEL JOB!

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Thousands of Lewis-trained men and women winning success and a sound, substantial future in the colorful hotel, club and institutional field. They are making good as Managers. Assistant Managers. Stewards. Hostess. Executive Housekeepers and in 55 other types of well- paid positions. Not only has this fascinating business been breaking records, but authorities agree the months to come will see the greatest travel boom in history. The demand for trained men and women, therefore, will be greater than ever.

Previous experience proved unnecessary is this busi- The Perfect Remark that gave us the most excitement and the one ness where you are not dropped because you are over 40. The U.S. Navy's Pre-Flight Schools during that attracted the most spectators was a series Good grade school education, plus Lewis Training, qualifies you at home, in spare time. Write your name and the war subjected the potential pilots to an of Softball games starting in October 194,5 when address in the margin and mail this ad TODAY for Free unmerciful round of sports and exercises. Base- a team of arm amputees opposed a team of Book which tells how you are registered free of extra cost In Lewis National Placement Service. ball, football, soccer, swimming, boxing, wres- leg amputees. tling, calisthenics, basketball, track, obstacle Both teams were comprised of patients who running, hurdling, gymnastics, manual labor, were taking a course to familarize themselves Course approved for Veterans' Training.

( ) here if eligible. drilling, hiking, hand-to-hand combat were the with their new artificial limbs. Players on both Check lot of every cadet, who took a two weeks' in- sides surprised the fans with their agility and tensive course in each sport. To make matters ability to use their new limbs. Lewis Hotel Training School worse, the instructors were school and college The leg amputees had the advantage in successful TEAR I Room LX-47S5 Washington 7. D .C. coaches, each of whom had unbounded en- having two hands to bat, throw and catch 32 thusiasm for his own specialty and dealt out with, but the arm amputees were faster at the workouts as if his own were the only ex- base running and chasing hit balls. ercise the raw recruits were getting. It was a thriller from start to START A BUSINESS At Iowa Pre-Flight one day a finish, with both sides taking ad- cadet stumbled while his squad was vantage of the other's weaknesses. AT HOME... working out on the track and he The arm amputees were soon to Like John Lehman, Who Says: fell headlong against the curbing, learn that they had only to bunt "The complele making a deep impression in his toward third base, and because of guisher line giv< income ond real head. First aid was in order and a the third baseman's slowness on call went out for help. foot, could usually beat the bunt Yes, capable men like John Lehman As he lay there waiting to be out. The leg amputees could hit the will find an outstanding opportunity with Fyr-Fyter. You con be your own picked up another cadet ran past him. ball much further but they were boss . . . operate in your own town and yelling, "Well, don't just lie there. lucky to get a two-bagger out of vicinity . . . build a permanent, steady Do some push-ups or something!" a normal home run. The arm am- income. No capital needed. We carry The story got out, and it was so putees outfielders could easily get accounts, make deliveries, pay profits weekly. Thousands of prospects d representative of how the cadets under a fly ball but they often to the vast need for fire protecti felt about their instructors that for three years failed to make the one handed catch. you could hear the remark at any one of the The game thrilled the fans but the players Write for FREE BOOK schools any time a cadet fell, or was knocked got more laughs out of it than anyone. It ended on Fyr-Fyfer'

. focls on the :ompler», out. By Roger Atwood. in darkness, tied at 8 all in the tenth. approved Fyr-Fyter

That was a beginning of a series of games learn. Write today! No obligatioi Crazy Over Figures between the two teams that climaxed when FYR-FYTER CO. Dept. 9-36, Dayton, Ohio The old handicapper was sitting in the McCIoskey closed down with the wins split grandstand at the racetrack, feeling pretty low 50-50.—By Josh M. Drake, Jr. about a string of losers and observing a casual visitor, next to him, who had been cashing The Gospel Truth CROSMAN Sitcnt RIFLE tickets on every race. "Stranger," said the All-american Paul Christ man, the former handicapper, "I've been at this thirty years Missouri gridman. was invited one night to and I can't come close. You're winning race address a church gathering. Coach Don Faurot, m~ POWER after race. Tell me. how hearing it. worried. all do you do it?" about was After it was without POWDER "Oh, you're one of these mathematical wiz- a tough assignment for a football player to talk fUg You'll like a Crosman because there is no recoil to ards." said the lucky religious one. "AH you think of is to a group. spoil your aim ... no noise ... no odor . . .no cleaning! figures. Me, I look at the horses when they Faurot, anxious to hear what Paul would Rifled barrel for greater accuracy . . . adjustable power, too, for short or long range shooting come out on the track. sneaked No. 3 looks good. No. say, into a rear seat. As speaker after indoors or out. Available in .177 and .22 cal. models. i looks good. So I just add three and four; speaker unloosed fine oratory, bristling with AT YOUR DEALER OR WRITE DIRECT that's six: and I buy a ticket on No. 6." religious rhetoric and blazing with hellfire and CROSMAN ARMS CO., INC. "Pardon me, stranger," said the old handi- brimstone, Faurot's heart went out to Christ- 2IEH EN RIETIA ST., ROCHESTER 7, N. V. capper. "But four and three are seven, not six." man. "There you go," shouted the other. "That's Finally he stepped forward, clearing his FILING SAWS what's ruining you—figures—crazy figures!" throat, and made a two-sentence speech that was the hit of the evening. hake No Arms, IVo Legs, Rio Winner "Religion is like football, folks. You just CASH for your spare time at home! Or all the sports events staged at McClosky have to practice it once more than a week." The Foley Saw Filer turns out per- General Hospital near Temple Texas, the one —By Gordon Atkins. fect cutting saws thai bring repeat business. No experience needed FREE PLAN starts you. Write FOLEY MFG. CO.. 1239-7 Foley Bid;.. Minneapolis II, Minn. December, 1947 69 Poker Pals - &e $>.&. steem

70 The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 REPORT FROM asked to make comments on cards, one- HOLLYWOOD third raved about the unknown who played NOW! A FINE TARGET PISTOL* the role of Gig Young. This is rare, for EVERYONE CAN AFFORD TO {Continued from page 19) an audience at such sneaks usually con- ^=^^Qm* AND SHOOT! Rudolf Valentino is as yet uncast and fines comment to stars and story. So the won't hit the screen until late 1948. the studio took the raves as a mandate and, fact that it is in the works caused me to furthermore, believed that his screen char- "POWER go out to Hollywood Memorial Cemetery acter name of "Gig Young" was catching without POWDER" to check on the stories I had heard about on so decided to have him keep it. So it people still visiting Valentino's tomb to was that Bryon Barr became Gig Young. THE NEW .177 CAL pay tribute to this late star of the silent He appeared in Here Comes the Cavalry, u films. Dive Bomber, Navy Blues, One Foot in fosmon 8affseye The stories are true. There are always Heaven, The Male Animal, Captains of Now . . . from the makers of the famous flowers in the little bronze vase beside the the Clouds, They Died With Their Boots Crosman Silent Rifle, comes the new Crosman crypt. The custodian tells me they are On and Old Acquaintance. "Bullseye" ... a single-shot pistol of regulation target weight, with the design, brought each week by a woman in slacks After attending high school in St. Cloud, type and quality- construction, balance and deadly accuracy de- who is active and pretty and appears to Gig moved to the national capital, where manded by experts. Compare it for performance be about 55 years old. He says the his father went into government service. and thrills. You'll find the Crosman "Bullseye" woman won't give her name: that she is Then came a clerical job in an auto the outstanding value in small arms today. often disgusted that tourists steal the agency with a little acting at night. But f^Tf^^ • Using < rosman Super-Pells, the better ammunition for all air- flowers as souvenirs. Many .times tourists Gig wanted to crash the movies, so he powered pistols and rifles, you can shoot the Crosman "Bullseye'" bring flowers. Over the name plate is a pulled up stakes and came to Hollywood. for ONLY V4c PER shot! rosary someone recently left. Thousands He couldn't get to first base with the CROSMAN ARMS CO., INC* of tourists each year view the crypt. Some, executives. But he did get into the Pasa- DEPT. 21 E, ROCHESTER 7, N. Y. says the custodian, will kneel before the dena Community Playhouse, birthplace of ASK TO SEE CROSMAN DODb AND BELL TARGETS tomb and pray. Others will stand for long stars, and there it was that he was spotted periods in silence, just looking at the by a talent scout from Warner Bros. crypt. One old man with a beard and While in the Coast Guard. Gig met his carrying a gold cane inquired the location father-in-law. J. B. Stapler, for the first of the crypt with the explanation. "I've time. Mr. Stapler, lifetime resident of the got to see him right away." The old man Philippines, was being sent to the States stood before the tomb mumbling. When after being released from the Japanese he left he remarked to the custodian. prison camp. Santo Tomas, and was "We had quite a talk. But it wasn't easy placed on Gig's ship. Gig had married his because there were so many others daughter when both were students at the around." "He must have meant spirits." Pasadena Playhouse. Before you buy any trailer, check the advantages of the says the custodian, "for I was the only Slope-Away roof . . . exclusive on Stew- art Coaches. Three popular sizes. Low other live being in the place at the time." A Tip to Mr. and Mrs. first cost, low upkeep. Write Dept. AL for literature. Sometimes the custodian chats with the Burgess Meredith At the Santa Monica beach recently tourists. He always asks them where they QTFWADT coach compnnY basking in the sun and wishing I were It HMn I BRiSTOL-inoiflnn are from. He says that Pennsylvania and back in the Coast Guard riding the waves, New York fans lead all other states. a stranger came out of the gate of one of MECHANICS • HOME STUDY is in the southeast corner of The crypt Step up your own skill with facts & figures of your trade. those beautiful heach homes, parked on catching the sun through Audels Mechanics Guides contain Practical Inside Trade the Mausoleum, Information in handy form. Fully illustrated. Easy to> the sand beside me and began a conversa- Understand. Highly Endorsed. Check book you want for a stained glass window. On it is a cross 7 days' Free Examination. Send no Money. Nothing to tion. inscription "Rudolfo pay postman. Carpentry $6 • Auto $4. Oil Burners $1 and the simple Gug- Sheet Metal $1 • DWelding $1 • Refrigeration $4 "Do you live in that big beach home?" Plumbing • DMasonrySe. Painting $2 • DRadloS* lielmi Valentino 1895-1926." The only film S6 O Electricity $4* Mathematics • L .Steam Engineers $4 I asked. Machinist $4 • Blueprint $2 • Diesel 82 • DI >rawing$2. is celebrity entombed nearby Barbara La If satisfied you pay only $1 a month until price is paid. "Oh, no, that's Paulette Goddard's and Marr, who also died in 1926. AUDEL, Publishers. 49 W. 23 St., New York 10. N. Y. Burgess Meredith's home." he replied. In contrast to the simple Valentino Did he know Paulette and Burgess? crypt, just outside is the expensive and "No, I just use the place. You see, both elaborate tomb of Douglas Fairbanks. Sr. Quick Help for are in England doing a play, they keep But it's Valentino who draws the tourists, no caretaker, and the gate and bathhouse even after twenty-one years. Rupture! were left unlocked. So it makes it handy Why worry and suffer along with A Veteran in Movieland for me to change into my bathing trunks, an ill-fitting truss? Learn about our perfected invention for most Gig Young is our choice for Movie Vet park my things and take a shower. I use forms of reducible rupture in men, of the Month. He spent two and a half it every day." women and children. Patented air years in the South Pacific as a Ph. M. in cushion softly, silently helps Nature So, Paulette and Burgess. I suggest the support the weakened muscles—day the Coast Guard before a long convales- next time you leave town and the papers and night. Thousands made happy. Weighs but a few ounces, is neat and cence in the naval hospital at San Fran- make that fact known, you invest in a few sanitary. No stiff springs or hard pads. C.E.Brooks. Inventor Nosalvesorplasters. Durable, cheap. cisco and his discharge in 1945. Now. with padlocks for your beach property. Of Welcome relief GUARANTEED. Sent on trial to prove it. Beware of imitations. Never soldi the release of Warner Brothers' Escape course, it might inconvenience a few in stores or by agents. Write TODAY for full information Me Never, he holds' the promise of be- people. and Free Book on Rupture! All correspondence confidential. 104 A State St.. Marshall. Mich. coming one of the town's top stars. BROOKS COMPANY. Gig isn't Gig at all. Born Bryon Bair Pictures of the Month in St. Cloud, Minn., in 1917. he took the This month I can't narrow it down to stage name of Bryant Fleming and played one. I've got to recommend three. One is 9 M. M. SHELLS in The Sisters with a heavy drama formerly titled Imagina- a part Warner's Gag $4.95 rop 50 ROUNDS Brent. tion, christened "fwou™ Barbara Stanwyck and George At a now A Double Life, and Send Check or Money Order sneak preview, where the audience is starring Ronald Colman and Signe Hasso; ROGERS SPORTING GOODS WEST TUCSON ARIZONA 37 CONGRESS | December, 1947 71 one is a musical-comedy, The Emperor big palace in The Emperor Waltz, star- At her Beverly Drive home she points Waltz, with Bing Crosby and Joan Fon- ring Bing Crosby. It's done with plaster. to the dress she wore when she came taine; and one is a comedy, Where There's "It is our job," says Victor Caccialanza. from Brazil and says, "The skirt is leetle Life, with Boh Hope and Signe Hasso head of Paramount's ornamental staff, "to squares of velvet. And two leetle yellow (she gets around these days). reproduce in plaster all types of ornamen- baskets on my head. So tiny. Eef I wore A Double Life, a Universal-International tal, figure and architectural construction soch a hat now they would loff at me. picture, is the story of an actor (Colmanl needed.'" He and his men make anything Now my turbans have the feathers, the and an actress (Hasso) who appear to- from miniature medallions to massive mar- apples, the bananas, the jewels, the se- gether on Broadway in Shakespeare's ble structures. The art department fur- quins. Gollee, pretty soon I look like a

Othello, The actor becomes so engrossed nishes the sketches. "We either shape skyscraper! I got feefty costumes. Down in his character that he lives it on and off them by hand or cast them in glue molds. in Brazil it was different. There I don't the stage. He becomes so enamored with In the modeling room the figure is made need an agent or publicity man. I keep a young waitress that he takes her in his in clay and molded, then taken to the my money—cash—in a box. A night club arms and kisses her just as he does Desde- casting room where it is cast and assem- call up and say 'You wanna work?' and mona in the play. The girl struggles but bled." The palace set for The Emperor I say "How much?' They tell me. I say the actor is too strong for her and con- Waltz was the largest job to date. An- 'not enough.' They say hokay and I work, tinues kissing her until she is as dead as other big one was reproducing Mt. Rush- I bring my money home and put it in the

box. I bring the box when I come to thees

country. I figure if I don't put my money in a bank nobody know how much I make. Then somebody tells me about thees income tax people and composers and such.

I have to work twice as hard now to pay them."

William Powell Had the Answer One of filmdom's most recent literary classics is William Powell's reply to the fan mag correspondent who wanted to know how, despite his age, he managed

to keep so physically fit. "I have a swimming pool." Powell re-

plied. "Every day I give it a long and critical look. I think a lot about tennis and

I talk a good game of golf. After that I start to worry because I never get enough exercise. Worry makes me lean. Leanness

is fitness. And there you have it!"

Quickies film, "There's quite a parly going on in lluit box over there' Ever the Beginning, U. S. Pictures American Legion Magazine uses three actresses totaling 1.000 pounds. They are Maxine Gates. 265; Mable

Smaney. 335. and Audrey May, 400. . . Desdemona in the other play. He is finally more Memorial in plaster for Star Span- Beverly Bayne. star of silent films and trapped and. again like Othello, sticks a gled Rhythm. Remember Dr. Cyclops, in not seen on the screen for twenty years, dagger into his own heart. which all the people looked small? That makes her talking picture debut in Mark In Paramount's Where There's Life, was because Victor and his staff made

Hellinger's The Naked City. . . Accord- King Hubertus II of Barovia is assassi- super furniture, so big that the people ing to Box Office Digest, the top money nated. Before lie dies, Hubertus reveals were dwarfed alongside it. Another honey makers are Bing Crosby. Tyrone Power, that he has an heir. In the United States, of a job was a 30-foot cake for Lady in

Fred Astaire and Bob Hope. . . Edward years before, he had married a secretary the Dark, in which Ginger Rogers dreams G. Robinson says the "G" stands for noth- of the Barovian embassy. There was a she walks up the cake—and does. It had ing he just put it- there to balance his child, Michael, and he is the logical suc- flowers three and one-half feet in diameter. — name for stage purposes. He was born cessor to the throne. The cabinet goes

Emanuel Goldenberg. . . Richard Arlen to America to get Michael (Bob Hope i Prettu Soon I Look Like a marks his twenty-fifth year in pictures and finds him operating a record program Skyscraper unto the actress sets a style with the release of Speed to Spare this for a small radio station and engaged to Woe who

has to through the nose to main- fall. . . And Mary Astor marks her twenty- marry an American. The rest of the story and pay tain it! Miranda introduced wear- sixth anniversary as a film actress with concerns the attempt to sneak Michael Carmen ing bowls-of-f ruit hats, pounds of brace- her role of Lizabeth Scott's mother in out of America, the work of a secret so-

lets, platform form-fitting Desert Fury. . . Aclor Hugh Prosser. vet- ciety to assassinate Michael, and a love shoes and dresses, and all thi~ has become so much eran of Columbia sagas, is believed to be affair that gets all mixed up when Michael part of that wouldn't the ""most murdered" actor. In Six Gun discovers that one of the lady cabinet a her she be Carmen about it. I Lair he is slain for the thirty-eighth members kisses better than the girl he without them. How asked

Carmen? time. . . Oldest cowboy in pictures, and was supposed to many. Finally it develops "Sure I make $12,000 a week."' she a vet of fifty-four years of show business, that . . . but that would be telling. says, "but I pay for the museek and the is Tex Cooper, the frontier marshal in it's Done Willi Plaster costumes and then I have no money. I'm Silver River. Cooper. 84. joined Buffalo As you have noted. I like to scout be- not keecking. I have enof, I guess. But Bill in 1893. shifted to rodeos and has hind the scenes to see what makes things these costumes—theengs are getting out played about every town in the U. S. tick. I wondered, for instance, about that of hand." with a population of 5.000 or more. . .

72 " Trie American legion Magazine • December, 1 947 Street After Tap Roots, the next James freckles—and she has lots. . . The John- story to hit the screen will be The Gaunt- ston office, film censors, refuse to permit let, his Literary Guild selection bought The Grapes of Wrath or Tobacco Road

by Paramount. . . Although Jack Paar to be exported to Europe because some has been under contract to R-K-0 for countries had used them as a basis for eighteen months, and the boy has proved anti-U. S. propaganda. He used as an his ability as Jack Benny's summer radio example the pre-war German release of replacement, he still hasn't been cast in Grapes in Yugoslavia under the title of a picture. . . The Hills of Home is Lassie's The Paradise of American Democracy. . .

next picture, now in production. . . Hence- Allied Artists will film the life of Babe forth The March of Time will be in Ruth. Bob Considine. sports reporter, has IT'S A color. . . I don't usually go in for gos- been writing the script. Roy Del Ruth will sip, but I do think it is worth recording direct. The Babe gets $150,000 plus a VAGABOND! that Shirley Temple expects her first percentage of profits. . . My WAC. Wave, baby in January. And it seems only Spar and lady marine readers might The fullest satisfaction . . . the living yesterday that she was a little tot hold- like to know the real ages of a few of greatest comfort and joy of are best assured in the soundly ing on to Bill Robinson's hand. . . Play- their heroes: Ronald Colman. 56; William designed and constructed ing The Snake Pit is no snap. Olivia de Powell, Walter Pidgeon, 55; 49; Spencer Vagabond. Havilland lost fourteen pounds in the Tracy, 47; Clark Gable, Humphrey Bo- When you have seen it you'll job. . . Myrna Loy created a problem gart and Gary Cooper, 46; Bing Crosby, know tvhy folks all over the world for makeup men in the filming of John Bob Hope and Cary Grant, 43; Ray Mil- look to Vagabond for the great- Steinbeck's The Red Pony last sum- land, 39. . . Will Rogers, Jr., will play his est value. mer. The hot sun brought out all her father in a new film. the end Write for brochure of full color LINING 'EM UP pictures . . . and the name of your dealer. The P-38, Luger 9mm, Browning Hi- {Continued from page 26) Power and similar pistols used by the Vagabond Coach Manufacturing Co. house which can convert to cartridges you Germans will take the cartridge now made Box 41 , New Hudson, Michigan can buy without trouble. and sold here as the "9mm Luger." For- Japanese pistols and revolvers also use eign pistols for the 6.5mm cartridge nor- freak cartridges. These arms are not worth mally fire the American .25 Colt Auto the cost of converting, as a rule. cartridge; those bored for the 7.65mm WANTED The standard German caliber was the Browning cartridge will take the .32 Colt 7.92mm. Some of these rifles were made Auto cartridge; and those for the 9mm MAN WITH CAR in Belgium. Poland. Czechoslovakia and Browning short cartridge handle the .380 Yugoslavia. All will handle the cartridge Colt Auto cartridge. No Time Like Now to Get In sold commercially in the U. S. under the The commercial cartridge manufactur- McAfess Business name of "8mm Mauser." This makes an ing companies in this country are all mem- It's no trick to make good money when you excellent American game cartridge for bers of the Sporting Arms and Ammuni- use your car as a McNess "Store on Wheels." Farmers buy everything deer, bear and the like. This cartridge is tion Institute. In conjunction with the they can from McNess Men because UseYour McNess Products are tops in quality, not as powerful as the standard German Division of Simplified Practice, National represent extra values. Attractive busi- CAR ness-getting prizes and premiums; also service issue, and is therefore safer to Bureau of Standards, U. S. Department of money-saving deals to customers make to Raise selling McNess daily necessities a snap. use. Your rifle should be checked by a Commerce, these companies have dras- We Supply Capital— Start Now! Your gunsmith before using. tically reduced the number of calibers and There's no better work anywhere. Pays PAY well, permanent, need no experience to gauges and varieties of loads in all lines start, and we supply capital to help you get started quick. You begin making money first day. of ammunition. Write at once for McNess Dealer Book. It's FREE. Tells all — no obligation. (1) Reductions were not arbitrarily set by THEHflcNESS CO., 432 Adams St.,Freeport, III the Bureau of Standards and the ammunition companies, however. Surveys of the sales outlets were employed to check the YOUR COMBAT HISTORY finding of the testing agencies. ON A GOLD RING OR PIN For a full list of general calibers for Division Designs-Campaigns-Countries which American ammunition is available, 110

drop us a card. Overseas Ring, 10K Gold, $19.95, Sterling Silver, $12.95

Matching Sweetheart Pin, $7.95 Flying Saucers in the Year 1566 A cherished souvenir. Embossed with division insignia, campaigns It may be hard to believe, but "flying and theatres of operation. Satisfac- saucers" were actually hunting weapons tion guaranteed or money back. Send no money — Pay Postman $19.95 for in the 16th Century! The engraving on gold ring or $12.95 for silver ring, or $7.95 for dainty pin (Federal Tax page 75 shows in detail how they were included) pl'is postage. If you send cash, we pay postage. Write today. used. This illustration was engraved di- Send name, division, and string loop fitting finger for ring size. Return i:,* Wimeaiaie| mm(kf p Deliveryvery rectly from a drawing executed by the art- for refund in five days if not delighted. 11 ist in Italy in 1566. Stradanus northern TWENTIER'S, Dept. A 12, Bank of Bisbee Bide-. Bisbee, Ariz. When flights of game birds passed over towns, bright metal discs with center holes were hurled into the air to attract their TRIM YOUR OWN TRIM HAIR AT HOME-SAVE BARBER BILLS attention. Some householders as shown in Trims hair asitcombs! Easy! Quick! Keeps men's, women's, children's hair trim, neat, freshly-cut the picture dangled these discs at the ends looking all thetime! Trims, tapers, thins outun- Use like ordinarycomb. Safe. ''You heard me, one ticket to here! of strings fastened to poles. No experience required. Fine underarms 1 Sella Like Wild I I want to fly around the world!" Some birds were always eagle-eyed SAMPLES for AGENTS sent immediately to American Legion Magazine >ffer their through the end name at once. Fenny enough to poke heads II do. SEND NO MONEY. yuafBOurname.KRISTEE CO.

BAR ST.. AKRON , OHIO December, 1947 73 14S4 — — — —— —

ij-r holes : and since they couldn't shake small units below the battalion level. Rhymes for the discs off, the birds either dropped to Germany first undertook to arm and the ground or were hauled in on poles bulwark Turkey as a potential security for roasting. measure against Bussia in 1878. Since Our Times Anyone today reporting flying discs is then the rifle and pistol equipment of the accused of being drunk, crazy, delirious Turks has been a long line of Mausers in or unduly imaginative. It was much sim- several calibers, most of which are still pler in the old days when the reports in use. Artillery came from six different little girl There was a merely sent others scurrying to the roof countries, and even ammunition is not And she had a little curl to try and snag a delicious dinner! standardized or interchangeable. To add Right in the middle to the supply problems, much Britisli and You see the darndest Turkey U. S. equipment reached Turkey dining things these days! Congress has officially recognized the War II, while the Turks retained huge tremendous importance to our security of supplies of earlier British equipment seeing that Turkey stays an independent which they captured in War I. nation. If Bussia is ever able to infiltrate The problem of modernizing Turkish or overrun Turkey, the results to the demo- forces for our own security, therefore, cratic way of life everywhere will be must start from the very bottom; and Thi- little pig disastrous. must include not only arms and training, \\ ent to market The $100,000,000 we have allocated to but also the building of military roads At the highest price in help Turkey modernize its army is prob- and all modern defenses. the history of the Chi- cago Livestock Ex- ably only a drop in the bucket to what Where do the Turks stand as regards change. will yet be necessary. After all, that Bussia and their own independence? Take amount of money wouldn't provide even a look at the record: In the past 300 rifles and machine guns for the active army years the Turks have fought Bussian wars of 600.000 there, much less provide the over 12 times! Neither side forgets that artillery, armored forces, aircraft and anti- fact for a minute. aircraft equipment required. And while In the 1860's and "70's the great Ameri- small arms are as necessary as ever be- can arms industry of that period sold Little Boy Blue Come blow your fore, every war veteran will recognize at modern arms to the Turks with which horn once that these are not sufficient to save they ably defended themselves. A manu- That dope in front a country in this day and age. facturing company in Providence. B. I., must have died All Americans must have more back- sold Turkey 500,000 single shot .45 cali- nt the wheel! ground material on Turkey. If we know ber Peabody-Martini rifles at a clip! Win- a little of her history and geography, tax- chester sold that country 140,000 of its payers will not complain about expendi- then new "secret" weapon, the Winchester tures necessary to support hei armed 1866 repeater. forces. At the battle of Plevna. July 30. 1877. Bussia is known to be holding huge the Turks in trenches were assaulted by forces close to the Istanbul Straits, and an overwhelmingly superior Bussian force. to have a General Headquarters under the The Turks began picking the Bussians off formidable Marshal Zhukov at Odessa.' at 1000 yards with the superior long range Little Jack Horner Bussia has made formal requests for per- Peabody-Martini rifles, but the Bussians the corner Sat in mission to place troops at these Straits. swept on in the belief they would be able He didn't know the Admittedly the Istanbul airfields are be- to overrun men armed with single shot head-waiter. ing enlarged, new Turkish air bases are rifles. being built at Adana and Ankara, and The Turks had prepared for the as- other Turkish security measures are being sault however by issuing 30.000 Win- taken with help from the British and our- chester .44 rifles to the trenches, witli in- selves. These fields link up with present structions not to use them until the Anglo-American bases in the Mediter- Bussians were within 100 yards. The .44 ranean. From these fields heavy bombers Rim Fire caliber was effective only at can reach any of Bussia's huge mining comparatively short ranges. and manufacturing districts in the south, Here is what General Todleben wrote in the Little Bo Peep as well as the immense oil fields after the Russians lost 30.000 men in a Has lost Caucasus. In other words, the Bussians brave but useless series of assaults: '"Each Nice try, girlie! consider Turkish bases as menacing to Turk carried 100 cartridges and had a their security; and we must face that fact box containing 500 placed beside him. and not kid ourselves to the seriousness A few expert marksmen were employed

of their intentions, whether they movo now to pick off our officers. . . The Turks did or ten years from now. not even attempt to fight, but, hidden Major General Lunsford E. Oliver and behind their trenches, loaded and fired as

Bear Admiral Ernest E. Herman, heading rapidly as they could. . . The most heroic up our military mission to Turkey, are endeavors of our troops were without ef- charged with the responsibility of defect, and divisions of 10.000 men were Jack and Jill termining just what steps to recommend reduced to an effective of between 4.000 Went up 5.000." Too much overhead in rearming the Turks. The Turkish stand- and and taxes. ing army of 600,000 men and reserves of In 1915 Marshal Ahmed Izzet with over 400.000 are tough, seasoned troops; 5,000 Turkish soldiers actually halted an —W. F. Miksch but their equipment is obsolete and varied, invasion of Asia Minor by 600,000 Rus- and their training is generally only to sians under Grand Duke Nieolaievitch. an

74 The American Legion Magazine • December, 1947 — uncle of the Czar. In 1916 the Turks action "without the use of any tools or forced British troops to evacuate Gallipoli. supplies other than those commonly car- In 1916 also a force of 2,000 Turks cap- ried by the soldier." All the rifles were tured 20.000 British troops under Gen- stopped by the sand. eral Townshend at Kut-el-Amara in south- The Winchester agent asked for water ern Iraq! . . . Remember, however, that and was told that a canteen was not then all those victories were in the days when part of the soldier's equipment. Because individual courage and regular rifles could of the heat—and maybe because he liked force decisions. The Turks can't keep up a wee drop, also—the Winchester man had 3 rooms of that record in the future without modern been imbibing heavily. Hence he was able luxurious living that go armament and training! to turn a well filled bladder to the pur- with you everywhere pose of clearing sand out of the action, The W inchester That Licked the and the rifle went back into service! The Russians at Plevna competitors yelled murder, but nobody The "Winchester 66" was developed by could prove that every soldier in the Solves your Housing Problem Tyler Henry from the earlier American Turkish army was not equipped with both exterior with Volcanic Repeater. It was the first arm a bladder and a means for emptying it. • Aircraft aluminum waterproof vapor seal and spun manufactured in Oliver Winchester's plant hence the conditions were standard to glass insulation. Luxurious interiors with all modern appointments. Finest construction throughout.

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YOUR OWN AAF PICTORIAL — AAF Pictorials each contain over 250 pictures of oir combat bomberi — tighten — flak — ond other jcenei about the particular air force they cover. "The Slh Over the Southwest Pacific"— From th* early doyi in the Philippines to VJ Day. Over 250 photographs -Weiwok- The Corolines - Coral Sea Formosa - Hollandia - Okinawa - Japan - ond many other spots. Contains Official War Dept. History. "The 9th Sees f ranee ond England" - Your stay VH\ in the ETO. London -Colchester -Cambridge -Paris — France. Contoins Official War Dept. History. "The 17th Over (fie Mediterranean" — North Africa — holy — France — Egypt — Corsica. Official War Dept. History. "The'iOfn Over Japan" - From India to the last bomb — China — The Marianas — Japan — THE ATOMIC BOMB. Contains Official War Dept. History. "The 15th Over Italy" - Your stay in Italy anal the Middle Eost-Rome-Naples-Copri-Cerignola — Cassino — Cairo — Palestine. Contains ^g^^ Official War Dept. History. ^*{jS "The Bth Sees England" —Your stay in the ETO. Igj 'J Almost 400 years ago "flying saucers" were used for hunting london - Norwich - Ipswich ond many others. ^J^JJr desired All AAF Pictorials ore S3 each postpaid. Specify books Air books you would by title name, let us know what other Force to soldiers in field. crest which the name "Winchester" was the like published. Also life-time Plastic Olosl Ash Trays with above oir forces, 3 for SI postpaid. Send cash, applied. This is not just a yarn. The story told of any of the check or M O. C.O.D.'s accepted. This lever action repeater in the long by the Winchester agent is backed up by AAF PUBLICATIONS COMPANY barreled musket pattern carried 17 car- Turkish official records! 6015-39 West 3rd St. Hollywood 36, California tridges in the magazine. The cartridges were .44 Rim Fire. The Turkish musket Russian Service Rifles with 27 inch round barrel weighed about The basic Russian rifles should be of GET A GENUINE DELTA 8.25 lbs. The success of this repeater at general interest, since even the coming of ELECTRIC Plevna compelled European military the atom bomb cannot do away with the reddy// ANTE RN thought to turn from single shot rifles necessity for small arms equipment. to repeaters. The Turks later replaced Since 1891 the standard Russian rifle

the lever action with a bolt action Mauser equipment has been a turn bolt rifle with 6-volt. Shoots beam because the lever action could not be a 5-shot single line box magazine. The 800-ft. Light revolves breeched up strongly enough to handle caliber is 7.62mm Russian with rim. Both in a circle — "stays put" at any angle you powerful cartridges as used in bolt actions. the rifle and the cartridge are original to set. Dozens of uses. The story of the Turkish adoption of Russia, although during War I the Ameri- Buy at hdwe., sport, the Winchester gives an interesting side- can Remington company manufactured the electrical stores. light on Yankee ingenuity in the 1870's. design in this country. These American At Turkish army tests, the Winchester and built rifles were taken by our army for Delta Electric Co Marion, Indiana several other rifles passed through all tests training purposes, and were later sold in until given the sand test. Regulations the U. S. called for the rifles to be placed in a Their bolt action rifle is the latest blanket, covered with sand, and for the pattern, the M 1891-30. It differs little INVENTORS Patent laws encourage the development of Inventions. rifles to be shaken about until the action the earlier models except as it from was Our firm Is registered to practice before the TJ. S. Pat- Write further particulars as to patent rifle ent Office. for was sand clogged. The to be adopted altered to simplify manufacture, and was protection and procedure and "Invention Record" form must then be capable of being put into lightened and shortened. The bolt action at once. No obligation. • McMORROW. BERMAN & DAVIDSON Registered Patent Attorneys December, 1947 75 146-M Victor Building, Washington 1, D. C. series are known under various names, register it with the Bureau of Internal to the war as standard infantry weapons. such as Moisin, Mossin, Mossine, Moisin- Revenue under the provisions of the Na- Their new rifle, the ZK 420, which has Nagant, etc. Officially it is the M 1891, fol- tional Firearms Act. withstood the severest tests, is as beauti- lowed by date of that particular modifica- The full-auto feature is useless for hunt- fully made as was the ZB 29 on which it is tion. ing or target shooting; and a good gun- based. However, the Czechs have taken it In 1936 the Russians adopted the smith can alter the rifle easily to bring it entirely out of the sporting category and Simonov automatic rifle. It was not suc- into non-registerable class. As a semi-auto developed it into a sturdy military arm of cessful and was replaced in 1938 by a fine rifle it is a fine sporting rifle in States outstanding quality. The caliber is -till new auto rifle. This was further modified which permit hunting with semi-autos. 7.92 mm. German. The barrel length is in 1940 and later. As a result of the field performance of 21.45". overall length is 41.34", weight This rifle, known as the Tokarev after semi-auto rifles during the war. the Czechs 10.5 lbs.

its designer, is an outstanding piece of are preparing to switch from the bolt The rifle is being tested by Russia, inci- rifle engineering. It is gas operated by a action Mauser-design rifles they used prior dentally. THE F.XD straightline rod on top of the barrel. A compensator at the muzzle is designed to he told reduce the recoil. Barrel length is 24.38 VITO'S PRIVATE WAR me how he had enlisted from high school after Pearl inches. Weight is 8.8 pounds. Magazine is Harbor. He wanted detachable and normally holds 10 car- (Continued from page 16) to be a paratrooper. In its famed perversity, the assigned artillery tridges. The rifle may be loaded from clips Army had Vito to the and stuck in as used in the bolt action rifle, or by re- was the new mail clerk for our quiet unit. him North Carolina. Vito was placing empty with loaded magazines. Vito's first literary effort caught me off not stumped. He pestered his captain until he was sent overseas. soulless Like our Garand. this rifle has been guard. A little disbelieving, I re-read the Again the Army double-crossed Vito. It turned adapted to full auto fire by merely throw- first sentence. In school-boy scrawl. Vito him had written ominously: "Dear into a medic and dumped him into one of ing a finger switch. Normally it requires a Ma: Your is well and is still those replacement depots from which vari- pull for each shot fired. Caliber is the Vito happy today and ous headquarters pick their office person- standard 7.62mm Russian rifle cartridge. safe from the war which is going on all nel. Vito had nothing The carbine form of the Tokarev also uses around us." to do with his trans- I looked down from fourth-floor office fer to our quiet, steadily-typing section at the rifle cartridge, instead of requiring a my lazily AFHQ. He was still a soldier. special cartridge as in our carbine. window on the tricolor flags floating combat Now few tankers in the blue Al- his war had become a dream war in which This new Russian auto rifle is simple over a French giers harbor. Frenchmen and Arabs Vito fought as fiercely as any GI in the and efficient. It is easily and cheaply made de line. with simple machinery. It and other Rus- strolled aimlessly along the Boulevard Vito's daily epistles became highlights sian arms must not be underrated. la Republique. Wooden-wheeled carts rolled noisily over the cobblestones. The for me during otherwise dreary mornings. Before and After only evidence of war was an anti-aircraft I never saw the undoubtedly anguished re- 1 —Czech Auto Rifles barrage balloon hovering motionless, like plies from "Ma," but I know she must have At the close of each war we as a Nation a mother hen, over a flock of bobbing ships. worried herself gray over Vito's battle- field exploits in Algiers. seem to get a bad case of economy jitters We were almost as safe and 'protected as His masterpieces, however, which in the past has always put our our colleagues in the Pentagon. Once in went untouched. They never men- weapons in grease, all ready to start the a great while Jerry would zoom over at tioned names or dates or places and Vito next war with the last war's arms. night and drop a misguided bomb or two only hinted darkly at the dangers sur- A spotlight on some developments before he was driven away by shore bat- rounding him. abroad will show that other countries are tery fire. Where did Vito get that stuff? One day. shortly before I left Algiers putiing into practice what they learned But there were no security objections to myself for the front. I found an envelope during the war. The "put-it-in-grease" Vito's writing about his imaginary war. I from Vito awaiting my examination and technique is losing ground abroad! Here stamped the bottom of the envelope. The stamping. After the familiar declarations of is a straw in the wind that all Americans next day Vito had another letter to Ma his continued health practically in the might well consider. ready for my reading and smudging. Again face of the enemy, Vito continued. "I am Take a look at the pre-War Czech Vito figuratively adjusted his steel helmet, sending to you Ma some photos the boys "ZB 29." Here is a beautiful rifle with the crouched in his foxhole and, amid fictitious made of me. I thought you might like to lines of a fine sporter. It was sold to poten- shell blasts, penned a tortured note home- have them and see how good I am looking tates such as the King of Abyssinia and ward. "Your Vito is alive and well today, what with the war and all which does not the King of Siam. and many specimens Ma, although we are all sort of wonder- bother me at all." brought back from the Near East and the ing when IT will come; but then you al- On my desk I spread out five or six Far East bear the crests of those mon- ways know your boy Vito will take care small snapshots of Vito. There was Vito arclis. This rifle was encountered by both of himself from harm and danger no mat- in full battle regalia, carbine tipped with rest a bayonet with which t he Russians and the British in use by the ter what happens and when." The of Vito was lunging at

Germans. While it is precision built of the the letter was a war-colored account of an unpictured victim. Vito crouched atop finest materials, in the tough grind of field Vito's dangerous forays to pick up the mail a low roof, preparing to leap down, cow-

service il did not stand up. at the APO, deliver a sheaf of orders to the boy style, on some unsuspecting and again

It is gas operated by barrel port. The Adjutant General's Office and go to chow unpictured enemy. Vito. rifle leveled at a

breechblock is lilted into and out of lock- with the boys. I l ightened character dressed in captured ing engagement by action of an operating It was several days before I met this war souvenirs—a Wehrmacht uniform and rod. The magazine is a 15-sIot detachable one-man army. He strolled into my office, helmet! Vito "frisking" the same thor- box which may be loaded with clips a stocky, well-built Latin with dark, wavy oughly submissive actor and triumphantly through the top of the open action if de- hair which sparkled as if it had been oiled. holding aloft a Jerry potato-masher hand sired. The rifle fires the standard German I didn't mention his alarming correspon- grenade. I examined the pictures for any 7.92 mm. service cartridge. dence, although I was sorely tempted. hints of the Algiers terrain. Then I put If you happen to own one of these rifles, Vito sat on the edge of my desk and them back in the envelope, sealed and it is well to remember that it has a full- volunteered that he was, really, a combat stamped it, and went on to the next letter. auto switch which makes it necessary to soldier. I nodded my head soberly. Then THK END

76 • The American Legion Magazine • December, 1 947 How to ride with Santa

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CHRISTMAS SEALS MERRY CHRISTMAS THERE are two approaches to the mat- need, especially if he's given to colds. thin lisle hose. For winter I use wool. I ter of Christmas gifts for men. One is Socks should blend in color with the find woolen socks wear better, give a bet- to give practical items— things of every- suit being worn. If the suit is gray with a ter appearance, and I have less colds. day use. For instance, there is no limit as touch of blue, a gray sock with a blue But be careful in laundering them. And to the number of handkerchiefs a man clockwork is attractive. I recommend you always dry them on forms, for otherwise can use. The other is to give him those stay away from loud colors. Solid colors they will shrink. items which he would like to own but are always safe. In the summer I wear Regarding the belt versus suspenders which, for one reason or another, he never opinions, I believe a man needs both. He got around to buying for himself. A good should use a belt with sports trousers to example of this is a pair of black silk achieve that studied negligence effect. suspenders for his tuxedo. But in all other cases, only suspenders Regardless of the approach, there are will eliminate knee and ankle sag and four things to keep in mind always: cor- hold the trousers in correct form. Buy rect accessories are essential to correct suspenders to match the suit. One gener- grooming; know the tastes of the man for ally knows the person for whom he is whom you are buying; get his correct buying and thus knows his colors. They sizes; and include some of the niceties do not have to be the same color as the which lead to more refined living. suit, but must be of matching motif. If In the practical field, handkerchiefs you really want to please a man, give him are perhaps the most common gift. But a pair of suspenders for each of his suits. since a man uses at least two a day, one Then he has a matching color for each for his hip pocket and one for his coat suit, and he won't be bothered by con- breast pocket, and laundering will even- A long comfortable stem on this tinually removing his suspenders to tually wreck them, there is no end to their Marxman Jumbo. switch them from suit to suit. The ideal 78 suspender is one made of an elastic ma-

terial. It is more comfortable as it doesn't bind. Leather and wool are uncomfortable because they do bind and pull. Good elastic suspenders can be had from $1.50 to $3.50. Belts should match shoes in coloring. Will you pass the word Garters make good gifts, and I certainly advocate that all men should wear them. Nothing looks so sloppy as socks along about the greatest falling all over the shoe tops. They should be of semi-elastic material so as not to bind the leg. Use black for dress occasions. Otherwise, you are safe in buying school on earth? colors that will blend with a man's suits. Give him several pairs so he can rotate When young men ask your advice about what they should their use. do from here on, you'll be doing them and the nation a Ties probably cause more Christmas real service by telling them about the U. S. Army Schools. headaches than anything else. Never buv loud ties. Buy colors and designs that will blend in with the man's suits in such a The Army Technical School Plan way that he will not appear conspicuous.

Avoid anything that will clash. I recently This is the greatest educational offer ever made by the Army. Before they enlist, saw a picture of the British King in a high school graduates can select two dif- chalk stripe suit with a broad stripe tie. ferent fields of interest. In each field of To me that represents a clash. It would interest they can select two different courses of study they'd like to take. The have been better had he worn a plain tie. Army then checks to make sure there is For the man who smokes, there are, of a vacancy in one of the four courses, course, such items as leather cigarette and the young man is enrolled in a Tech- nical School of his choice if he enlists cases for sports wear, pipes, tobacco for three years. Then he is guaranteed pouches, pocket and desk lighters and the schooling he has requested just as soon he finishes his humidors. With the pipe tobacco humi- as basic training. Non-high school graduates may study and dor, give him this tip: place one-fourth qualify for these schools after they enlist. of an apple with its skin on in the humi- dor and it will give moisture and sweet- Army Potential Leaders Schools ness to the tobacco. These are the most remarkable schools An electric razor is convenient and you can imagine. After a man has en- makes a good gift. When a man is in a listed, if he shows qualities of leadership, he may be selected to attend an Army hurry, he can give himself a once-over Potential Leader School. In an intensive with the electric razor without removing course, during which he is not only in- his shirt and tie and be in good shape for structed, but also instructs others, he learns to be a leader and qualifies him- an evening. even if he safety. So favors the self for rapid advancement. I still suggest the electric for convenience.

I'm against high polish manicures for U. S. Armed Forces Institute men because they tend to make a man's No less than 1,750,000 men in uniform nails conspicuous. If the man for whom have taken advantage of the USAFI you are buying feels the same way, then standard text, self-teaching text and correspondence courses. Many of them have give him a little set of tools so he can care earned high school and college credits for his own nails. Small sets consisting of in a wide range of study courses. nail file, scissors and nail clippers in a The Army wants its men to be the best educated soldiers on earth. Because of leather case are inexpensive and make this, the Army is a splendid place for the good gifts. young man who wants to learn — and be Toilet articles, wallets, house gowns, paid while learning. Full details are available at any U. S. Army and U. S. Air Force carpet slippers, sport sweaters, clothes Recruiting Station. brushes, shirts, underwear and pajamas make good gifts. But such items as the latter three will be covered in subsequent URGE THE FINEST YOUNG MEN CAREERS WITH A FUTURE articles.

Finally, if you don't know the man and YOU KNOW TO ENLIST IN THE U. S. Army and his habits well, give a gift certificate and U. S. ARMY OR U. S. AIR FORCE U. S. Air Force let him pick out his own items. If some of the items mentioned seem too small, don't hesitate to give quantities. Nothing pleases me more than to receive a half- dozen inexpensive, practical items. — — — — — :

Recommendation you always say 'sked yule' instead of 'shed- He was trying hard to edge away, explain- To save a prominent young man from ule'?" ing modestly that all anybody had done was the common draft and to secure for him an "Oh," replied Eisenhower with a smile, "I run for cover. They had been caught com- Army commission a Congressman exerted suppose it is because I was taught to pro- pletely unaware, and unprepared to put up all his influence. nounce it that way when I went to shule in any kind of a battle. "The man has a perfect background; the States." By E. M. Johnson "You must have been terribly frightened!" his ancestors came across on the May- gushed one of the ladies breathlessly. flower; his uncle was a much-decorated Cost Plus Car "No, M'am," said the sergeant, "I wasn't hero of World War I; almost all his rela- The time's now nigh when folks can buy frightened. But I passed a lot of guys who tives and friends are in the Social Reg- The new car of their dream, were." By Charles D. Saxon ister; only the best blue blood courses In black and gold or in crimson bold marriage JVote through his veins," the Congressman em- Or vermilion and cream. Marriage license fee raised from $3 to phasized in his communication to the War See the chromium! Hear the motor's hum! $5 in Chicago . . . News item Department. It's yours for the listed fees. Two dollars more for a license fee. Through channels, the Congressman re- Why should you fuss if the cost is plus That's five bucks in all to part with ceived a belated reply. "Your recommenda- A flock of accessories? Wives used to grow costly as time went by, tion for young Mr. Doe. now classified 1-A, Now they're expensive to start with. has been duly considered. The United There's a radio, and a plow for snow, —By Philip Lazarus States Army is sure that he will be most And a beautiful sunlight lamp. valuable for military use, as a private. The And a fine deep-freeze for meat 'n' cheese Self-Help Army does not require men for breeding If you picnic or you camp. One of the more unusual personal inci- purposes." They've hot and cold-running water spouts, dents of the war has just come to light. And some built-in bunks for slumber, Harry Starner, an employe of the Agri- Identification '»•/ Teeth With a telephone that's your very own culture Department in Washington, served A cautious Hartford, Conn., bank teller If you want a good wrong number. in the Navy during the war and during the asked an army veteran who wanted to cash a first part of his enlistment was stationed in There's a radar set and a cellarette $300 state bonus check for mote identification Washington where he donated blood to the And conveniences for the smoker; than a driver's license. lied Cross. Many colored lights to turn on of nights, Without a word, the vet removed his false Later, he went overseas and was wounded With a table for bridge and poker. teeth and displayed his name and army serial at the Tarawa landing operation. A trans- But dealers say of the whole array number inscribed on it. fusion was ordered for him and as the There's nothing that's quite as nice as He got his check cashed. By Harold Heifer life-saving plasma began to flow into his extra jack in the chest in hack The body Starner raised his head and took a Not the one for tires but prices. Identified look at the label on the plasma bottle. The —By Fairfax Downey of the Five American fliers bound for China via name donor was Harry Starner. "the Hump," had motor trouble and bailed Only the Brave Before and After out in strange territory. The sergeant was surrounded by the usual THOUGH some women may make a fool All made it to the ground safely, and they party crowd of wide-eyed ladies who wanted of a man. were soon together. Fortunately, one of the to hear ALL ABOUT his combat experiences. 1 think you will find, as a rule, group spoke many of the native dialects. And especially about Pearl Harbor. The ser- A good many more doing all that they can So as they entered a nearby village, he geant had been present at that historic bom- To make a man out of a fool! called loudly for the chief. bardment. S. Omar Barker "I come to you beyond the sunset," the ." flier began, "from the great White King . . "Tell me," interrupted the chief, "why don't you fellows do something about those singing commercials you send over here?" By IF ebb B. Garrison A Friendly Fellow When Marshall Narvaez, 19th centitry Span- ish commander, was on his deathbed, his con- fessor asked him if he freely forgave all his enemies. "I have no enemies!" proudly replied the dying Marshal. "Everybody must have made enemies in the course of his life," suggested the priest gently. "Oh, of course," admitted the veteran warrior, "I have made a great many enemies in my time, but I have none now. I have had them all shot!"

Sehretvy T ronuneiat ion When General Eisenhower was in London during the war, he was seated at dinner one evening beside a lady who eluded him upon his pronunciation of "schedule." THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 'Money hungry!' "Why is it, General," she demanded, "that

80 • The American tegion Magazine * December, 1947 PRINTED IN THE U. S. A. BY THE CUNEO PRESS, INC. .

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