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The Magazine for a Strong America Vol.134, No. 2 February 1 993

VIETNAM TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER

The countryside hasforgotten what man cannot. Photos by Geoffrey Clifford 1

TET TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER

From thejungle to the Pentagon, five writers look back at the Tet Offensive.

VIRTUAL REALITY

New computers conjure imaginary worlds, and improve safety too. By Gurney Williams III 24

ART LINKLETTER'S ART OF LIVING

America needs to return tofamily values, says this tireless crusader against drugs.

ROTC CUT TO THE CORPS

How have the defense cuts affected the largestproducer of U.S. military officers? ByT. Douglas Donaldson

THE PLOTS THICKEN

Why some see conspiracies in every corner. ByDon Oldenburg 30

WHY THEY CAME

Thepride andpain at the 10th anniversary ofthe Wall. 32

Ft T M E N T S

BIG ISSUES Should Congress approve the NorthAmerican Free TradeAgreement? 10

VETVOICE 4 YOUR 14 VETS 44

COMMANDER S MESSAGE 8 VETERANS UPDATE 36 PARTING SHOTS

WASHINGTON WATCH 12 LEGION NEWS

COVER In the future, astronauts will use virtual reality computers to train for other worlds. But even today, VR images help architects design safer apartments for the handicapped. To step into this new tech- nology, see Page 24. Illustration byJohnMaggard/ScottHullAssociates.

The American Legion magazine, a leader among national general-interest publications, is published monthly by The American Legion for its 3.1 million members. These military-service veterans, working through more than 15,000 community-level posts, dedicate themselves to God and country and tradi- tional American values; strong national security; adeguate and compassionate care for veterans, their widows and orphans; community service; and the wholesome development of our nation's youths.

FEBRUARY 1993 1 .

Take action. Millions of men are affected by impo- tence, but up to now, most

haven't talked about it. Like many common medical condi- FOR GOD AND COUNTRY tions, impotence is treatable. 700 N. Pennsylvania Take the first step toward St. P.O. Box 1055 resuming a healthy relation- , IN 46206 317-635-8411 ship. your doctor about a Ask National treatment method that doesn't Roger A. Munson involve surgery - or drugs. Publisher/Editor-in-Chief Daniel S. Wheeler Non- surgical ErecAid® System Editor has been used successfully by John Greenwald over 100,000 couples. ErecAid Managing Editor Miles Z. Epstein - offers a simple treatment one Associate Editor that is completely non-invasive. Raymond H. Mahon Assistant Editors For most, it's the only treat- T. Douglas Donaldson ment they'll ever need. Ken Scharnberg Studies show ErecAid System Art Director Simon Smith to be 90% successful in treating Art Assistant nearly any type of impotence - Caron M. Morales regardless of cause. But nothing Production Manager William L. Poff happens until you act. Find out Administration more about ErecAid System Joan L. Berzins, Patricia Marschand by calling Advertising Director Donald B. Thomson 1-800-435-6780. Advertising Assistant Diane Andretti The American Legion Magazine P.O. Box 7068 Indianapolis, IN 46207 317-635-8411 MAKE THE CALL Publisher's Representatives Fox Associates, Inc. Chicago: 31 2-644-3888 New York: 212-725-2106 Los Angeles: 21 3-487-5630 Detroit. Ml: 313-543-0068 Atlanta: 404-252-0968 : 415-989-5804

The American Legion Magazine Commission Milford A. Forrester, Chairman, Greenville, SC; George G. Sinopoli, Vice Chairman, Fresno, CA; James R. Kelley. National Commander's Representative, Wayne, PA; James D. Baker, Tulsa, OK; George F. Ballard, Belleville, IL; J. Leslie Brown Jr., Louisville, KY; Joseph Chase, Hatboro, PA; Donald Conn, South Bend, IN; James W. Conway, Charlestown, MA; Lincoln Cox, Kirby, WV; Orval E Faubus, Conway, AR; James H. Hall, Hopewell, NJ; Halbert G. Horton, Topeka, KS; W.B. (Brad) Jorgens, Beardsly, MN; Eugene J. Kelley, Savannah, GA; James V. Kissner, Palatine, IL; Russell H. Laird, Des Moines, IA; J. Fred Mitchell, Brewton, AL; Eddie D. Mohler, Lancaster, OH; J.H. Morris, Baton Rouge, LA; Everett G. Shepard, III, Woodstock, CT; Paul T. Woodard, Lacey, WA; Neal L. Thomas Jr., Consultant, Colorado Springs, CO

Copyright 1 993 by The American Legion

The American Legion (ISSN 0886-1234) is published monthly by The American Legion, 5561 W. 74th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268. Second-class postage paid at Indianapolis, IN 46204 and additional mailing offices. Price: Annual subscription, $12 ($18, Foreign); post- ErecAid Systems sponsored gift subscriptions, $4; Single copy, $2. POST- MASTER: Send address changes to The American Legion, Input Services, P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. By Prescription Only Change of Address: Notify The American Legion, Input Services. P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, IN 46206. 31 7-328-461 6. Attach old address label, provide old and new addresses and current membership card number.

o To request microfilm copies, please write to: University OSBON MEDICAL SYSTEMS Microfilms, 300 N. Zeeb Rd , Ann Arbor, Ml 48106

P.O. Box 1478* Dept. 20 Canada Post International Publications Mail (Canadian Distribution) Sales Agreement No. 546321. Re-entered Augusta, 30903 GA second class mail matter at Manila Central Post office Special Pricing for Veterans dated December 22, 1 991 vith V.A. or Military Prescriptions ^^^^ Member Audit Bureau of Circulations

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Two Parties Needed Homosexuals should not be in and dies in extremely close quarters, military in any capacity and those often huddling for warmth or mutual For many years, I just took it for in should out. security, granted that The American Legion was ready be kicked homosexuality never has been Morris H. Gardner a problem of military significance. strictly a part of the Republican Party Northport, because of its attitude and writings. Ala Mart Brigadier The views expressed seemed to be al- Colonel, U.S. Army (Ret.) I to ways tinted in that direction. was pleased see The American Spring Wley, Calif. Legion oppose lifting the ban on ho- Now I feel much better after reading mosexuals in the Forces. the September Vetvoice with the letter Armed As We should stop gays, perverts, veterans, need to vocally oppose from James Blankenship of Monroe, we etc. from staying in or entering the this measure. Ohio. He let the organization know that U.S. Armed Forces. Navy justice is Bill O'Rourke there are also veterans who belong to not wrong on this issue. Try shipboard the Democratic party and whose views Ocean City, Md. or close quarter duty: You have an ex- differ from Republicans. plosive situation. I know. I've been

Regardless of what anyone thinks or On Election Day, the war protesters there in World War II. This has nothing says, we do need the two-party system of the Sixties demonstrated their con- to do with civil rights. Gays use this as of government, and organizations such cern, this time as maturing, middle-age leverage. as The American Legion should not be members of the main stream. Suddenly, Jack A. Farley biased in their views. old orthodoxies and prejudices are be- San Rosell, Calif. John P. Moran ing re-examined. All options and Carbondale, Pa lifestyles are normative and accepted. Artistic Agreement Homosexuals were in the military in I agree with Rep. Cliff Stearns of Homosexual Ban World War II, , and Florida (Big Issues, November). When Being a veteran, I am opposed to Desert Storm. They have always been times are tough, we should eliminate permitting homosexuals in the military. with us. How many of my homophobic some of our spending. It's something To do so will greatly harm the morale, military buddies shared a pup tent in we do here at home in Minnesota. I efficiency and combat capability of our training or a fox hole in combat with think funding for the National Endow- once proud and tough fighting forces. homosexuals. ment for the Arts should be eliminated, The military will become a haven for Psychologists tell us that homopho- at least until our budget crisis is taken homosexuals committed to practicing bics are simply trying to reaffirm their care of. Later the endowment funding their ungodly lifestyle rather than de- own sexuality. can be reinstated. fending our nation. Although the military lives, fights H Jim Reuther Montevideo, Minn.

WE WANT YOUR OPINIONS The Road To Rail The article "Will Trains Ever Fly?" You can call The American publication. Short letters are more (November) leaves the impression that Legion magazine at: likely to be published, and all letters high-speed trains are the greatest thing are subject to editing for clarity and since sliced bread and a cure-all for brevity. Volume precludes individual (314) 474-7474 America's ills. acknowledgments of comments on America has traditionally done and record your opinions, vote on editorial content. things for the benefit of the majority of listen current issues, and to opinions This month's question is: citizens, which is why high-speed rail of others. A magazine editor will • Should Congress approve the hasn't been built. The quantity of pa- listen to your message. Callers' North American Free Trade Agree- trons will not support the pay-as-you- opinions are considered for publica- ment? (See Page 10.) go plan. Thus, high-speed train systems tion receive a symbol and when Here's how you've voted in previ- will only amount to a government sub- published. ous polls: sidy, further breaking Americans' Or you can write to: • Should Congress stop funding backs. The American Legion magazine the National Endowment for the Chris E. Ema Santa Ana, Calif. P.O. Box 1055 Arts? Indianapolis, IN 46206 Yes 85% No 15% Not only is our automobile-driven • Is the press too powerful? economy causing gridlock on the high- The American Legion magazine Yes 87% No 13% ways, but we are destroying the very air welcomes letters to the editor con- we breathe. First, we should implement cerning articles that appear in the (314) 474-7474 Please turn page

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION .

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W139 Vetvoice

a gas tax. Then we should develop ly expressed and emphasized the need short-range, mass-transit systems, to never forget our nation's veterans. such as "park and rides." Finally, we A copy of Munson's message should need to create the high-speed rail be sent to each member of Congress so systems, as suggested in the article. they better understand the contributions Trains are quick and convenient, and and sacrifices made by our veterans the emission of unhealthy gases would and their families. This message should be diminished. also be required reading for all college Bernice N. Fishpaw and high school students. De Land, Flo. Neiland Cohen Milwaukee Steve Salerno's article "Will Trains Ever Fly?" (November) referred to National Commander Munson's arti- 's TGV as "Trains of Great cle should have included a mention of Speed." The correct nomenclature for the American Merchant Marine. This the TGV is Tres Grande Vitesse, which forgotten service made vital contribu- translates as Very Great Speed, not tions to support our Armed Services Trains of Great Speed. worldwide. Paul A. Bernard Jr. Swan Swanson Jr. Mount Vernon, Wash. Magnificent Magazine The American Legion magazine has Women Marines published many good articles about our The article "Women Sign Up" (De- American scene this year—values, cember) contained an error. The article homeless veterans, the POW7MIA de- stated that the Women Marine Corps

bacle and many others. We subscribe to didn't begin until 1945, but it did. In

several well-known, prestigious maga- fact, I was in the Women Marines 8th zines, but look forward to The Ameri- training class at Hunter College in New can Legion magazine more than the York after signing up in March 1943. I others. served from then until 1945. How Kittredge and Janet Haven about correcting this error to us ole

©1989 CARTWHEELS Vergennes, Vt. gals who did our duty and did it well? NEVER BEFORE - has pure gold been added to Lois B. Reilly perhaps the most beautiful of all silver Chattanooga, Term. coins - The Walking Liberty half dollar. White Christmas Our bi-tone process by which 24k gold is applied to In the article "The Best Song Any- coins with extreme precision, creates a magnificent Editor's note: Thanks for catching two tone of precious metals. These high quality silver body Ever Wrote," (November) Michael the error, which was made in editing. and gold coins are fashioned by and are available only Lasser failed to mention that Charlie through Cartwheels. didn't mean to slight the Women Spivak and his orchestra recorded the We The necklace, complete with a 14k gold filled 24" chain Marines. first top-selling "White Christmas" for is $139. If possible, we would like to send a date mean- ingful to you between the years 1936 and 1947. Columbia Records. This version fea- The money clip at $79. is generously covered with pure tured Gary Stevens. 24k gold. Well Done After Bing Crosby's version began to Medium Our exclusive coin cover, Lenscote II, permanently Stephen Hess should step out of the soar on the charts, Spivak's recording seals and protects these authentic coins. A numbered Brookings Institute and out of Wash- Certificate of Authenticity comes with each piece and fell to second but remained the most ington, D.C., and get a better handle on all are gift wrapped. We guarantee a full refund, if on popular big-band recording throughout receipt, you are not completely delighted. Price is sub- his analysis of the influence of the me- the country. Spivak's "White Christ- ject to change. dia in government ("The Power of the OVERNIGHT DELIVERY AVAILABLE mas" was the first to be featured on Press," November). His statement that CARTWHEELS Order TOLL FREE The Lucky Strike Hit Parade radio pro- "it's amazing how poor reporters have 6160 N. Cicero Ave. 24 HOURS-7 DAYS gram. Chicago, IL 60646 1-800-441-7666 been in gathering support for their fa- Larry Kloess vorites" is ludicrous! _Necklace(s) Date(s)_ Montgomery, Ala. The press is so adept at "gather- Check Enclosed $_ Charge AX, MC, VISA $_ ) Air-$14 00 overnight) ing support" that most of the public Command Response doesn't even realize how it is being Card No. National Commander Roger A. manipulated. Exp Date Munson's message, "What Should Be The support is gathered by the press Name Said On Veterans Day?" (November) selecting one-sided political cartoons; was very moving. His message correct- Please turn to page 55

THE AMERICAN LEGION

Commanders message

WHAT REMAINS OF THE POW/MIA ISSUE?

ENATOR JOHN Mc- pleted. He suggested that Vietnam be Cain of Arizona, a Viet- "rewarded" for its cooperation.

nam veteran and former The committee is tasked with answer- POW, got his flight hel- ing questions on the fate of our missing, met back from the So- not with making foreign policy. Why cialist Republic of Viet- was Kerry overstepping his authority? nam, thanks to the Sen- This was particularly disturbing in ate Select Committee on light of Garnett E. Bell's 1991 testimo- POW/MIA Affairs. ny. Bell, former chief of the U.S. Office McCain's helmet, along with thou- for POW/MIA Affairs in Hanoi, testi- sands of photographs and a collection fied that the U.S. government had "in- of U.S. Vietnam-era combat gear, ap- formation of Americans being held" af- pear to be all a $1.9 million, 14-month ter Operation Homecoming—after all investigation could pry from the com- U.S. POWs were said to be returned. munists in Vietnam. Bell added that there was "hard evi- In the words of committee Vice dence" that at least 10 Americans were Chairman Sen. Robert C. Smith of New left behind. Hampshire, a Vietnam veteran, "It's Former Defense Secretaries James nice to have Sen. McCain's helmet, but R. Schlesinger and Melvin R. Laird John McCain is home." supported Bell's testimony that Ameri- The committee's investigation of the Nat 7 Cmdr. Roger A. Munson cans were left behind. Not only did the POW/MIA issue both succeeded and committee fail to determine if there are

failed. were still captive in , live U.S. POWs still in captivity, but it It succeeded in establishing that the Russia, Korea or —the investiga- also failed to find out who left them truth about our POW/MIAs has never tion, overall, is disappointing. there. been told, either by the U.S. govern- Were there American POWs left be- While none of these failures come as ment or by the Vietnamese. hind in Southeast Asia after the Viet- a surprise, there is a larger dilemma.

It failed in that it discovered enough nam War? If so, why were they left be- What can be done today to prevent U.S.

' to prove we were living a lie, but it hind and who left them there? Could POWs from future abandonment? didn't uncover what the truth was. any of these men still be alive? The American Legion magazine, as The Legion applauds the committee For nearly 20 years, the U.S. govern- the lifeline to many of the nation's vet- for making unprecedented progress in ment has answered these questions with erans, has chosen to take on this impor- declassifying POW/MIA documents one word: "No." tant challenge. In next month's issue, and intelligence. More information is the magazine will publish a special in- available today than ever before. But committee only answered one vestigation on what can be done to pro- much more needs to be made public. THEof these questions: Americans were tect our POW/MIAs in future wars. We were encouraged by the commit- left behind. But who left them and If these Senate hearings are taken as tee's ability to move the issue further whether or not they are alive today re- one step in the development of a new into public view through a series of re- mains an open question. POW/MIA policy, then they should be vealing hearings. Ambiguous signals gradually began considered a small success. They have And the Legion was pleased that the to emerge from the committee indi- both elevated the issue and ended some committee took our recommendation cating that the investigation had run of the secrecy.

and had the U.S. Army's Central Identi- its course. Some senators, it seemed, If, however, the committee's work is fication Laboratory in (CIL- were content with the committee's used to close the book on our POW/ HI) investigated. In the , CIL-HI accomplishments and were prepared MIAs, then we have learned very little. has done a poor job in identifying to close the book on the POW/MIA As a veteran and an American, I remains. And despite new leader- investigation. know that in the face of silence, indif- ship, there is a long road ahead toward After returning from a trip to Viet- ference and hostility, the United States

credibility. nam, Sen. John F. Kerry of Massachu- abandoned some of the men it sent into If we compare what the committee setts, the committee chairman, began battle. And as a veteran and an Ameri-

accomplished with what it set out to calling for the U.S. economic embargo can, I will not rest until I am certain it do —mainly to determine if live POWs to be lifted before the probe was com- will never happen again.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION 1

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liberty to people far and wide. Please enter my order for Wings of Ma jesty by Ronald Van Ruyckevelt. I Appropriately, The Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge, a need SEND NO MONEY NOW. I will be billed $29.50* when my plate is shipped. Limit: one plate per collector. non-profit organization dedicated to perpetuating the principles of *pim my state sales tax and $2.95 for shipping and handling. freedom, has chosen this all-American subject and an ail-American artist for its very first collector plate, "Wings of Majesty." Created ALL ORDERS ARE SUBJECT TO ACCEPTANCE. from an original work by Ronald Van Ruyckevelt, whose compelling

works are collected by some of the world's greatest leaders, it captures MR/MRS/MISS PLEASE PRINT CLEARLY the unfailing spirit of American patriotism. In the tradition of the ADDRESS APT. finest collectibles, this Limited Edition Collector Plate is crafted of fine porcelain, hand-numbered and bordered in 24 karat gold.

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Priced at just $29.50, this breathtaking Limited Edition will be TELEPHONE # ( ) ©1993 FM 14992-6UGZ-135 closedforever a&er just 45 firing days. Available exclusively from Satisfaction Guaranteed. If you wish to return any Franklin Mint purchase, you may The Franklin Mint, Franklin Center, PA 19091-0001. do so within 30 days of your receipt of that purchase for replacement, credit or refund. Big issues

SHOULD CONGRESS APPROVE THE NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT?

Rep. Jim Kolbe, (R-Arizona) Rep. Richard A. Gephardt, (D-Missouri)

The North American Free The proposal to cut veter- Trade Agreement (NAF- ans' benefits is one of the TA) will create the largest YES NO trade-offs involved in the and richest market in the world, encom- North America Free Trade Agreement passing 360 million consumers with an (NAFTA) proposed by former President annual output of more than $6 trillion. George Bush. Bush wanted to pay for NAFTA will build on our already im- new job training for workers who lose pressive export growth to . In their jobs because of NAFTA by cutting 1986, U.S. exports to Mexico totalled veterans' benefits, Medicare, black-lung $12 billion. The estimate for 1992 is $44 billion. Every $1 benefits or transfer payments to the poor. billion in US. exports creates some 22,000 American jobs. His Labor Secretary, Lynn Martin, told Congress she ex- Roughly 600,000 Americans are producing exports for Mex- pected 150,000 Americans to lose their jobs as a conse- ico. That figure will grow to over 1 million under NAFTA. quence of lower trade barriers with Mexico. Other private Protectionist-minded congressmen have rallied behind two estimates say the job loss could exceed 500,000. issues to justify voting against NAFTA. The first is potential Whichever figure is correct, we owe the people displaced job loss here at home. Every credible economic study on by this trade agreement a chance to improve their skills.

NAFTA indicates that it will be a win-win situation for all Achieving a close trade relationship between Mexico, Cana- three countries. Mexico will gain additional jobs, but so will da and the United States is a desirable goal. Unfortunately, the United States, perhaps as many as a half million. It is also the 2,000-page NAFTA is neither free nor fair. interesting to note that export-generating jobs pay 17 percent The American automobile, energy and glass industries more than typical U.S. jobs. and American wine producers are disadvantaged by the

In Erie, Pa., General Electric makes $550 million worth of Bush trade agreement. Their access to the Mexican market is locomotive parts and power generators for Mexico. Caterpil- blocked or unequal. lar's exports of heavy equipment to Mexico doubled last year Equally important, with Mexican firms paying wages to to $365 million. In the medical supply industry, there was a their workers at rates one-tenth of the salaries paid by 22 percent increase in sales to Mexico last year. The steel American firms to our workers, no provisions are in the and textile industries enjoy a trade surplus with Mexico. agreement to keep American wages from being dragged Manufactured products exported to Mexico have soared to down, or to keep American plants from moving their opera- $26.7 billion from $10.4 billion in just a couple of years. tions to Mexico. For those workers who will be negatively impacted by The Bush administration proposed a job training program NAFTA, former-President George Bush proposed a $670 to address NAFTA-related worker adjustment. With each million job-training program to assist dislocated workers. NAFTA dislocated worker eligible for $3,000 in benefits, NAFTA also includes provisions that maintain U.S. $1.5 billion could be necessary to fund job retraining. health, safety and environmental standards for Mexican The Zenith workers who lost their jobs in Missouri or in imports; and its allows states and cities to enact even tough- other factories around the country don't want veterans' bene- er standards. Mexico has taken impressive steps to clean up fits cut to pay for their job retraining. Instead, these pro- its environment. The government has permanently or tem- grams should be funded by a small, cross-border transaction porarily closed more than 1,000 polluting businesses and has tax on goods traded between the countries. The tax should increased its enforcement budget from $6.6 million to $77 be set at a rate lower than the existing 4 percent average bor- million annually. der tariff. Arizona exports almost $1 billion in goods and services to The problems with the NAFTA can be solved. This must Mexico. Roughly 20,000 Arizonans already depend on the be our goal: A democratic and prosperous Mexico, tied to Mexican market for their the United States through jobs and this figure will the benefits of fair trade, WHAT DO YOU THINK? CALL (314) 474-7474 grow even larger as supported by all the people You vote yes or this issue, receive a tally that Arizona becomes a trad- can no on of the hemisphere, without includes your vote, record your opinions, and hear opinions ing center for all of North hurting the American work- of others. America. er or veteran.

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If ABSOLUTELY! your Dress Slacks 5 Mail today to: BLAIR®, WARREN, PA 16366 ever fail perform to to your satisfaction, return QUALITY AND VALUE SINCE 1910 them for a full refund or replacement. | A Priority spied for the Soviet Union 60 years ago International and domestic pressures was subsequently exposed as based on will make Cuba a top foreign policy inadequate research. Under question- priority for the new administration and ing, Volkogonov admitted that he did could result in dramatic changes on the not personally review any files where communist island. the Hiss material would have been Despite last fall's United Nations stored. vote that urged lifting the 30-year trade Volkogonov's expertise on POW/ affairs embargo, President Bill Clinton is ex- MIA was already viewed with pected to fulfill a campaign promise to suspicion by some. The new book, tighten the embargo. Clinton favors ful- Soldiers of Misfortune, accuses him ly implementing the Cuba Democracy of having "issued a false report" in Act, prohibiting exports to Cuba by March 1990 that said there was no evi- U.S. subsidiaries. dence of U.S. POWs in the Soviet Clinton will also come under intense Union. Two years later, Russian Presi- pressure to condition further U.S. aid dent \eltsin said there might have been. to Russia on abandonment of Castro by the former Soviet Union. Foreign poli- Business Vs. Clinton cy experts note that Russia still trades WASHINGTON The battle over a new Investment Tax with Castro, continues construction of Credit (ITC) will determine if relations nuclear power plants there, and hasn't between the Clinton administration and withdrawn from the Lourdes intelli- r the business community get off to a facility that spies gence on America. good start. If the ITC is incremental ATCH rather than targeted, and temporary Marines Vs. Gays rather than permanent, U.S. industry Any further unauthorized use of the By CliffKincaid leaders are prepared to publicly attack Marine Corps emblem by AIDS or gay the administration's economic plan and groups will prompt swift legal action. search, farming and ranching. warn of slow growth ahead. Business That's the word from Marine Corps Despite passage of the Animal En- advocates argue that an effective ITC headquarters, where the brass is out- terprise Protection Act, a new law mak- will spur investment and development, raged over the use of the Marine Corps ing it a crime to physically disrupt fa- but critics say it will cost too much and eagle, globe and anchor in an advertise- cilities using animals, security experts increase the deficit. ment for a "uniform party" for homo- say research labs are once again a sexuals at a Washington, DC, gay bar. prime target, although farms and even Trade Wars The ad, asking for "a few good men," pet stores could be raided by activists. Friction between the United States featured a topless gay man wearing and isn't the only lingering the Marine hat and emblem. FCC, trade problem for the new President. In another case, an AIDS foundation NEA Changes? Japanese officials are expected in President's supporters in Holly- ran an ad featuring a model with the The Washington shortly after the inaugura- the arts community are Marine Corps emblem tattooed on his wood and tion to caution the Clinton administra- counting major changes at the Fed- arm. The Marine Corps says the ads on tion against trade-war legislation. The eral violate copyright and imply approval of Communications Commission Japanese are warning against revival of and the National Endowment for homosexuality by the Corps. (FCC) the "Super 301" clause of the Trade Act the Arts (NEA). Look for an FCC staff that imposes high tariffs on imports recommendation to abandon the decen- Animal Rights Targets from or any other country found cy standard for broadcasters, in the face Some animal rights demonstrators to engage in unfair trade practices. of court challenges. Meanwhile, NEA are wearing only towels and waving Most observers expect Clinton to insiders expect a reversal of rejected banners that say, "I'd rather go naked avoid reactivating the "301" clause, pre- grant requests for three gay film festi- than wear fur." But monitors of extrem- ferring to try "managed trade" with vals. The Christian Right will use the ist groups say the violence-prone sec- Japan. However, they anticipate higher changes as a reason to mobilize its tion of the movement could threaten taxes on foreign companies operating forces against the new President. more arson, vandalism and theft. in the United States, a crackdown on Though not widely publicized, hun- foreign lobbyists, and the appointment dreds of violent incidents have been A Questionable Source of Japan-bashers to his proposed Eco- committed in the United States over Russian Gen. Dmitri Volkogonov's nomic Security Council. the last decade, resulting in tens of mil- dramatic Veterans Day Senate testimo- Meanwhile, Mexican officials have lions of dollars worth of damage to fa- ny that no Americans were being held given up any hope of quickly imple- cilities using animals in medical re- in Russia was thrown into doubt by his menting the new North American Free premature exoneration of Soviet espi- Trade Agreement because of Clin-

Washington-based Cliff Kincaid onage figure Alger Hiss. ton's reservations about it. (See Big Is- writes for Human Events and other But his much-publicized statement sues, Page 10 for a debate about this publications. that he found no evidence that Hiss agreement.

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lains, a Catholic, two Protestants and a rabbi, gave their lives to save others af- MANY FAITHS ter their Army transport ship was hit with a U-boat . (See page XX for a story about the four chaplains.) Wagner, pastor of the Forest Presby- ONE GOAL terian Church and a member of Post 9, Forest, Miss., encourages Post and De- partment Chaplains to conduct services in honor of the chaplains on Four Chaplains Sunday, Feb. 7, the begin- ning of the Legion's Religious Empha- sis Week. * * * Meanwhile, many Legion chaplains will be performing their duties similar to William D. Chester, Department of Kentucky Chaplain. At least two times a week, Chester visits the Louisville VA Medical Center. He checks the pa-

tient list, especially making note of any hospitalized Legionnaires, and makes his rounds visiting sick veterans and comforting families. One of the first things Chester does each morning is read the obituaries. He scans the lists for veterans, especially Legion members. "Helping the families of the de- ceased and conducting a proper funeral FAITH IN VETERANS Pastor Robert Dutton, the Department of Connecticut service are the most important duties to Chaplain, center, and two other veterans lead hymn singing at Dutton's Jewett me," says Chester, a Roman Catholic City, Conn., Baptist Church. lay minister for St. Martha's Catholic Church in Louisville, Ky, and member of Post 201. * * * O God, Creator of this good land, Connnecticut Chaplain for the past two help us to be worthy of citizenship in our years, says his sermon on that Sunday Traveling more than 1,200 miles of Nation. Bless our country with loyal peo- is about God, country and patriotism. Oklahoma road last year and already ple and dedicated leaders. Guard us "I take care of the God part and the logging 600 this year, the Department from unlawful acts and cowardly fear. rest of the Legion takes care of the of Oklahoma Chaplain Charles Horner W? also ask Thy blessing on the veterans country," says Dutton, a WWII veteran attends as many Post and District meet- of our Nation and grant that The Ameri- and member of Post 200, Rocky Hill, ings as possible. can Legion may always do Thy will. Conn. In addition to providing the invoca- Amen. Dutton and other Legion chaplains tion at hundreds of meetings yearly, —Prayer from The American Le- are prominent on Memorial Day, Veter- Horner, who's better known as "Chief," gion Chaplain's Prayer Manual ans Day and at all Legion meetings also earned the Department's Recruiter throughout the year. Their goal is to en- of the Year by preaching the Legion's HEN the Rev. Robert sure that Legionnaires and all Ameri- word to 277 new members. S. Dutton began his cans never forget God is the source of "I believe in talking to people on a mm tenure as pastor of all their rights and privileges. Legion one-to-one basis," says Horner, a mem- if IS the BaP tisl Church in chaplains accomplish this goal in a va- ber of Post 1 of Tulsa, Okla. "We need I I H Jewett City, Conn.. riety of ways, from conducting reli- to try hard to reach the men who are I one of the first things gious services, like Dutton, to visiting down and out, and encourage them." I JK I JH he did was create a sick Legionnaires and other veterans in Part of the help Horner offers them m mm serv ' ce specifically hospitals. is the Legion's Temporary Financial sjtoBMffisBl for Veterans Day. * * * Assistance (TFA) program. TFA pro- Now four years old, the Veterans This year, for example, National vides money for dependent children

Day service is held the Sunday before Chaplain Rev. James R. Wagner is urg- of veterans. Legion chaplains are Veterans Day, and emphasizes the im- ing Legion chaplains to give special frequently contacted about needy chil- portance of veterans and active-duty emphasis to the 50th Anniversary of dren of veterans who could use such servicemen and women. Dutton, The The Four Chaplains. assistance. American Legion Department of On Feb. 3, 1943, four Army chap- Please turn to page 61

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Exp. Date "Applicable sales tax, if any, will be billed with shipment. Higher shipping/handling outside U.S. Remember Your First Experience With Fine China?

Mess . . . Chow lines . . . C rations . . . from talking some unsuspecting new troop into trading his pound cake for a can of ham and eggs chopped ... to creating descriptions like "(something) on a shingle", our collective mealtime genius is history It's an endless source of humor for everything from movies to music. But what most people don't realize is that veterans never ate alone. Maybe it was a buddy whose rations were lost in combat or an orphan, begging on a dusty road to nowhere ... we shared what we had. War has a way of teaching the virtue in being your brother's keeper.

So it's not surprising that last year Legionnaires spent over forty-eight million dollars helping others. From emergency aid for our fellow veterans to caring for orphans here at home . . .

America is still counting on us. There are times when doing nothing is not an option.

Renew your membership today . . . because doing nothing is not Hp an option* TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AFTER TET

THE COUNTRYSIDE HAS FORGOTTEN WMTMAN CANNOT.

Photos by Geoffrey Clifford

»»»«' | HE SKY glows pink mm H I a^ ove tne South China IH HI Sea. A stray balloon, es- flflj HI caped from some Tet new year reveler, catches the Hj HH light as it drifts down the H HH Perfume River. Already Hp m the aroma of holiday HELmmHI dishes cooking in earth-

en ovens is in the air. Geoffrey Clifford, once an Army hel- icopter pilot based in , Viet- nam, and now a professional photogra- pher, watches a farmer stroll toward a rice paddy that is round, instead of square like the others. The paddy was created from a bomb crater 25 years earlier. "No one said a paddy had to be square," the farmer pragmatically explains.

Clifford is making his eighth trip to Vietnam since 1975. The face of Viet- nam has not changed much since 1968, he says. War could not totally disfigure this beautiful country with its endless

FEBRUARY 1993 peacefully white beaches, plains of saw-edged ele- phant grass and dense jungles fes- flows to the tooned with "pick-me-up, throw-me- down, hold-me-back" vines. China Sea, Visitors to Vietnam today need an experienced eye to spot the 105 and 155 its waters shell casings, split and hammered flat ^ to make roofs. The occasional shell- nourishing pock still marks stone and mortar walls. Denuded trees stand above the a new undergrowth where Agent Orange once spread its poisons. They are all that re- Vietnamese main now—mute tokens of a war 25 years ago. generation In the capital city of Hanoi, the fuse- lage of an American B-52 bomber pro- with no trudes from a lake, a silent memorial to those who forfeited their lives. Appar- memory of ently, little or no bitterness remains. Recent visitors to Hanoi say the people the war. are warm, friendly and charming. About 300 miles to the south, in Hue, visitors see scattered buildings To the southeast are the famous in- Cambodia. Here also, fighting still ravaged by shells and mortar-made country R&R centers — Vung Tau, goes on between the Vietnamese gov- craters where gardens once grew. China Beach and Red Beach. They are ernment and its "ethnic minorities,"

These are the slow-healing scars where still favorite resort retreats, but instead the Montagnards. brutal fighting once took place. of GIs, Japanese tourists and Australian Government officials warn visitors To the northeast, near Khe Sanh, and European business people flock to away from this area where the 173rd

there is little evidence of the human the sandy shores. Airborne, the 1 st Cav. and the 4th Inf. sacrifice on Hill 881. Landing zones Only near Pleiku, Kontum and Dak fought a quarter of a century ago in Tet have been replaced by farms. The dead- To in the Central Highlands are the Offensive battles. ly whump of mortars and the manic past and not so far removed. In Saigon, now known as Ho Chi chatter of automatic weapons have giv- Here, Cambodian communist rebels, Minh City, ex-officers of the defeated en way to the melodic laughter of chil- the Khmer Rouge, use the region as a Army of the Republic of Vietnam pedal dren at play. staging area for guerrilla activities in bicycle taxis and former high-ranking

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION South Vietnamese officials hold menial broom jobs. When American visitors arrive, the Vietnamese are quick to ask either stalks at for money or to have their letters deliv- ered to relatives in the States. Some- Khe Sanh. times they boldly ask why they were abandoned. The mood Today, there is more than a trace of ^ Occidental presence in Vietnam. An Australian floating casino is moored in is festive as Cam Ranh Bay Resplendent hotels line 's business district, Tet begins. masking the charred ruins of Cholon and other city sections gutted years earlier. And a U.S. Oil derricks rise like prehistoric monsters off Vietnam's southern shores, tank, a rare sucking black treasure from beneath the surface of the warm sea while en- relic off trepreneurs dicker with officials over concessions that will bring much-need- Tet 1968, ed foreign capital into the impover- ished nation. stands A sense of change is in the air. From ^ Hanoi to the Mekong, balloons and brightly colored pennants fly as Tet be- rusting and gins. It has been a good year, or at least better than the past few. The harvest abandoned was ample, and foreign investment is once again adding piasters and dong to the economy. Except for the lone pock- along et of turmoil in the Central Highlands, Vietnam is at peace. Highway 1. It will be a good Tet. By Ken Scharnberg

FEBRUARY 1993 19 TWENTY-FIVE YEARS LATER

The Tet Offensive, launched on Jan. 31,1968, was

repelled. But the

political fallout

divided America.

Five writers take The Viet a look back. Cong even 1 threatened

the U.S.

IN WASHINGTON: Embassy in

DEFEAT SNATCHED Saigon. FROM VICTORY But with ^

By Harry G. Summers Jr. superior

PHHTl WENTY-FIVE years later firepower tne question still nags. I I 1 I How could American and gutty troops in Vietnam have turned back the enemy's resolve, 1968 Tet Offensive, while at the same time their Com- mm mander-in-Chief in Washing- U.S. forces ton was so decisively defeated? For the remaining seven years of the halted the war, the Viet Cong guerrillas played no major battlefield role. But the impres- Viet Cong. sion of American defeat was so strong back home, that President Lyndon B.

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION Johnson gave up on the war and retired from public office. Some still blame the press, but that won't wash. In Big Story, a landmark examination of reporting on the Tet Offensive, Peter Braestrup argues persuasively that the real reason for the collapse in Washing- ton was that President Lyndon Johnson had been "psychologically defeated." But that begs the question, why? In two previous wars, the United States had suffered far worse battlefield catastrophes—the Battle of the Bulge in World War II, for example, or the Chinese intervention in Korea. But while Presidents Roosevelt and Truman survived these much more serious mili- tary reversals, Johnson was over- whelmed by his relatively minor setback. One reason is that Johnson's heart was not in the war to begin with. He saw both the war and the military itself as threats to his Great Society pro- Please turn to page 52

An infantry veteran of Korea and Vietnam, retired Army Col. Harry G.

Summers Jr. is a military affairs colum- nist, editor of Vietnam magazine and author of On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the .

IN THE FIELD: THE S1LEMTE CONTINUES By Ronald Spector

T N THE United States, the Tet Hf Offensive had a major and irre- versible impact on America's I view of the war. The view from H the battlefield was different. The Tet Offensive was part of ian 18-month series of North Vietnamese and Viet Cong of- fensives to break the stalemate that pre- vented them from uniting Vietnam.

Ronald Spector served with the Marines in Vietnam in 1968-1969. He now is a professor of history and inter- national relations at George Washington University in Washington, and author of the new book, After Tet: The Bloodiest 'fear in Vietnam.

FEBRUARY 1993 The offensives failed. The communists were in the same quagmire as the Americans and South Vietnamese. Neither side could break the other's hold. TET When American troops first came in force to South Viet- nam in the spring of 1965, their South Vietnamese allies were on the verge of defeat. By the end of 1966, the U.S. in- tervention had prevented that defeat and stabilized the military situation. Yet, the communists snowed no sign of quitting; they boasted they could hold their own against the Americans. Though both sides poured in more troops, the war seemed no closer to a conclusion. So in the fall of 1967, the commu- nists gambled on breaking the stale- mate through a series of widespread, repeated attacks beginning with heavy fighting around Dak To in the Central Highlands. They called this long, costly campaign "the winter-spring offen- sives" of 1968 and 1969. And Tet wasn't the only deadly battle. Indeed, more Americans were killed or wounded in the first week in May that year than in any other single week of the war. Similarly, many more Viet- namese would die in the prolonged communist attacks on Saigon in May and June 1968 than during the Tet fighting there. white hot worm burrowing through By the end of 1968, both sides SOMEONE IS your body. claimed to be winning the war. Presi- There is a funny odor, almost a fla- dent Lyndon Johnson told President- vor, in the air. You recognize the cop- elect Richard Nixon that the commu- SCREAMING. pery smell of fresh blood and torn nists could do little more than "knock flesh. When you open your eyes, the out a light bulb." And North Viet- IT'S YOU. medic is crouching over you. namese General Vo Nguyen Giap de- Someone is screaming and you wish clared the enemy was "sinking even By Ken Scharnberg they would shut up. Then you realize deeper" and was "being attacked and it's you, and you stop so suddenly that encircled on all battle fields." the medic leans closer to check your

The winter-spring offensive of 1968- ^T ""^OU ARE surprised to dis- breathing. You wonder if this is what it 69 was a political success for the com- n& / cover unconsciousness is no feels like to die. munists. It convinced almost all influ- wkl escape from pain. It lives There is a sharp snap, the prick of ential Americans that the war could not with you, just inside the the needle and you realize Doc's be won at an acceptable price or in an perimeter of your mind, nib- popped a vial of morphine. The pain

acceptable time. bling away at your raw doesn't really go away. It just lingers in Yet, on the battlefield, the commu- nerves like bluegill after the background. Doc gives you a nists had simply exchanged one stale- JHL fresh bait. You have discov- thumbs up and moves on. For the first mate for another. Not only had they suf- ered something —exploding metal is time you sense the firefight is not over. fered heavy losses, but they had no time hot. Shrapnel not only tears flesh, it You try to move, but your strength is to rebuild. burns and continues to burn like a gone. You lay there trying to get up, Hanoi strategists demanded more of- trying to find your M-16. fensives through mid-1969. These bat- An assistant editor of this magazine, Your muddled brain recognizes the tles resulted in crippling losses to the Ken Scharnberg earned a Purple Heart sounds of battle. The hollow foop of communists, especially to experienced and Bronze Star with "V" during a let someone's M-79 grenade launcher, the Viet Cong units. The North Vietnamese firefight while serving with the 173rd brat of an M-60, the chitter of an M-16

could provide the manpower to make Airborne Brigade in the Central High- switched to full rock 'n' roll. Then the Please turn to page 52 lands of Vietnam. Please turn to page 53

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

AT HOME: THE LEFT S ANTI-WAR FOLLIES

By Peter

WWT\ HE SPRING of 1968 was a I I 1 moment of heady self-delu- j sion and cruel fantasy for the anti-war movement. Tet was the centerpiece of a hallucinatory series of events that seemed to fore- Hi cast the fall not only of Saigon, but of America itself. The tele- vision images—plus Walter Cronkite's sonorous voice—gave us heart that our views were feeding into the main- stream. Vietnam was, after all, a television

war, and so when I think of Tet I re- member those images. Wraith-like Viet Cong materializing suddenly in the heart of Saigon. Black-pajamaed bodies stacked like lumber after the shooting was over.

I remember thinking, We 've gotten in- side the belly of the beast! I flew a North Vietnamese flag in my window.

It didn't take long for the Utopia we of the Left had predicted for Southeast IN HANOI: Asia—once the United States was de- feated—to reveal itself as a nightmare of tiger cages, boat people and political INSIDE, re-education camps. But by then, most of my comrades had forgotten about LOOKING OUT Vietnam and begun rowing, like some revolutionary cargo cult, toward the By Eugene "Red" McDaniel next apocalypse. Largely because of the dispropor- tionate statistics—more people killed in in a dingy cell in the first three years of the communist LOCKEDthe Zoo Annex prisoner of peace than in all 13 years of the anti- war camp in Hanoi, my two communist war—I stayed behind. In cellmates and I had been time I left the Left and began to oppose looking forward to Tet, our its cynical attempts to impose a fate first lunar new year celebra- like that which had befallen the Viet- tion in captivity. could expect to get a good meal for Tet. namese and the people of Central All three of us —Navy We'd probably get some real meat America and elsewhere. But that is an- Lt.j.g. Bill Metzger, Air Force Capt. some pork and gravy, maybe; some other story. Bill Austin and I—had been shot down thick soup with vegetables, instead of Ever since my old comrade Tom in 1967. We had heard from the "old the watery gruel that was our daily Hayden came back from his, first en- hands"—the POWs who'd been there fare; a few sweet-meats; and a half-bot- counter with the Vietnamese in 1965, for earlier Tet celebrations —that we tle of beer or an ounce of plum or rice Please turn to page 54 wine.

Retired Navy Capt. Eugene "Bed" Mc- We were hungry. We were losing Peter Collier is co-author (with David Daniel, a POW in for six weight at an alarming rate and, quar- Horowitz) of Destructive Generation: years, is president of the American De- tered as we were in the first cell just in- Second Thoughts About The Sixties, fense Institute in Alexandria, \a. Please turn to page 54 and editor of Heterodoxy magazine.

FEBRUARY 1993 23 —

ENTER THE VIRTUAL WORLD OF

SIMULATED

REALITY

By Gurncy Williams m

HE VETERAN dons a white flight helmet and a black glove. Two small video screens inside the helmet flash a three-di- mensional color view of a world that exists only in the magnetic core of a computer. In an instant, the veteran begins his mission seated in a wheel travel- ing through computer-generated im- ages of a one-bedroom condominium. Center near Chicago, dozens of dis- VIEW WITH A ROOM A wheelchair- His objective: to make sure architec- abled veterans are helping to break bound researcher "travels" through a tural plans for the condo have suffi- in the latest generation of illusion computer-generated apartment, above, testing the floor plans for accessibility ciently allowed for the needs of others, machines. and safety. The next step is for astro- like him, who are disabled. predecessors of these machine The nauts to explore alien worlds, right, us- The magic of touring a place that date back as far as the Link simulators ing virtual reality technology. doesn't yet exist is made possible by of World War II. But those rudimentary America's hottest new simulation tech- flight trainers, dwarf planes that

nology. It's called virtual reality (VR), banked and bucked, couldn't come ists only in the computer. the computer creation of artificial (vir- close to offering what VR can: a pow- Or picture flying through clouds of tual) scenes that move and change de- erful sense that you can interact with floating colored symbols that represent pending on the user's head, hand or the illusion and with other people using companies. You can watch them rise body movements. the same "world" at the same time. and fall, representing the vagaries of In a laboratory at the Department of Imagine walking on Mars, watching the stock market. Veterans Affairs' (VA) Hines Reha- your own feet crunch into the red dust, Those are just a few of the VR appli- bilitation Research and Development turning your head to see distant moun- cations under development right now. tains or another astronaut—all without Most depend on advanced computer Gurney Williams III is a New York- ever leaving earth. gear that carefully tracks the position or based writer whose last article in this Think of what it would be like to put movement of the user. magazine, "Boys & Girls Together, Not!" on a helmet with 3-D goggles and prac- For example, the heart of the Hines appeared in the September 1992 issue. tice an operation on a patient who ex- system is the four-pound $6,000 helmet

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION TED MORRIS Rehabilitation Research Engineer Headware helps disabled

made by Virtual Research in Califor- nia. Every movement of this headware is picked up by an ultrasound tracker that's similar in principle to motion sen- sors used in home security systems. A stream of motion data flows through cables to advanced computers k2> using high-horsepower Intel 486 chips. When the wearer turns his head to the left, the view on the two 2.7-inch diago- nal screens shifts to the right. Another key piece of hardware at Hines is a raised platform with floor rollers that send signals to the computer system whenever they spin. Veterans ease their wheelchairs into a locked, stationary position over the rollers. The computer can sense rotation in the chair's wheels, and adjusts the scene as if the chair were actually moving. The virtual scenes come from the two computers, one for each miniature screen. The pictures look similar to the cartoonish worlds in video games—not as realistic as the images in Terminator 2 or Lawnmower Man. But to re- searchers, the simple condo is just as exciting. The reason is that this apartment matches wall-for-wall the plans for a real condo, drawn by the Chicago ar- chitectural firm of OWP&P. So when

the helmet wearer enters this world, it's like being inside an architect's model and testing out the design. Research engineer Ted Morris at Please turn to page 62

FEBRUARY 1993 25 INTERVIEW

Art Linkletter's

Ever since his youngest daughter experimented with LSD and took her life 23 years ago, Art Linkletter has been a tireless crusader against drugs, and has lectured and written about family values.

0E'S 80 years old, but talks The way we are going to overcome the more like a 20-year-old. His drug problem is through the family. It's the schedule would exhaust place where the mother and father can in- most NFL running backs. fluence the use of drugs and the demand After eight decades, Art for drugs. Until you lower the demand for Linkletter is still a tireless drugs, you will never be able to stop those crusader for America and weasels —the merchants of death—from its traditional values. selling them. A television and radio personality for more than 45 years, Link- Q- You also are involved in other work, letter has starred in two of the longest run- aren't you? ning shows in broadcasting history. House A Yes, I also give lectures on develop- Party was on CBS TV and radio five days ing self-confidence and self-esteem, a week for 25 years and won an Emmy for which are really positive thinking. I also the best daytime TV show. People are Fun- speak 30 or 40 times a year to large ny, his nighttime NBC TV and radio pro- groups of senior Americans on how to ful- gram, ran weekly for 19 years. It won fill themselves in the later retirement

three Emmy nominations and was consistently at the top of years. Much of it is based on what I learned while writing the ratings. my latest book, Old Age Is Not For Sissies. Linkletter has appeared in two major motion pictures, a half-dozen dramas and has written 23 books. His Kids Say Q. Getting back to children, what is at the root of their The Darndest Things is one of the top 15 all-time best sellers drug problem today? in American publishing history. A The kids get too much, too soon, too easily without In this interview with The American Legion magazine, responsibility. They get it without the ability to handle Linkletter candidly talks about the problems facing Ameri- the mature lives that are thrust upon them. Millions of chil- ca's children, the family and older people. dren return home from school and both parents are away at work. The children let themselves into the homes, and all American Legion Magazine: What activities are kinds of mischief can happen. you involved in now? Because of divorces, separations and the need for every- one to work, the old extended family of uncles, aunts and Art Linkletter: My principal career for the last 22 years grandparents has disappeared. No one is available to admin- has been lecturing on the drug problem. My daughter, the ister the discipline that would help the kids to resist the lure youngest of my five children, experimented with LSD and of drugs.

took her life 23 years ago. At that point I determined to make her life mean something. Q. Are we getting anywhere in licking the problem?

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION — " " . ""

THE RIGHT PATH Seniors should take charge of their lives, H H L G H T S Linkletter writes in his book, Old Age Is Not For Sissies. G

I I believe we made great strides in the past five years AitLiMett&c On. . A. among middle-class and upper middle-class America. w There is a measurable reduction in cocaine, LSD and mar- The drug problem: Until you lower the ijuana use by high school and college kids. demand for drugs, you will never be Unfortunately, the problem still remains among the under- able to stop those weasels—the mer- privileged and economically lower-class group. These kids selling are living on the edge of poverty where there appears to be chants of death—from them. no hope in sight. By the time they are 8 or 9, they turn to Empowering seniors: "Don't let anyone booze, cocaine and other things. push you around, including your doc-

Q. Do you think that the government is effective in deal- tor." ing with the drug problem? His endless energy: 7 exercise, watch LI think it's very spotty. Too much money is spent trying to stop the drugs coming in. I believe the government what I eat and don't get overweight. I must make more facilities available to treat addicts. also work on my attitude and my

mind so I don't get stressed out. Q. Do you think legalizing drugs would help?

No, I am 100 percent against it. Whenever drugs are "/ A America in decline: don't believe it. - made more available, the problem has always gotten As I travel through the United States I worse. To anyone who argues for it, my first question is, find honorable, decent people who "Will it be legal for 16-year-olds, or 17-year-olds? "Oh, no," are going to win out. they always say. But if it's legal for adults, do you think they are going to be concerned about the age of the people they Today's children: "They become adults sell the drugs to? too fast because of the freedom they

Q. How are the kids today different from the ones you have. Their language is deplorable. Please turn to page 60

FEBRUARY 1993 27 —

For more than - ^ 75 years, ROTC has put great military leaders through college and onto the battlefield.

. I** How will defense m cuts affect this program?

By T. Douglas Donaldson

A HOT, sunny, late- ^P"""^«| N WM gE| September day on the j|| I Indiana University cam- pus at Bloomington, 117 ROTC cadets stood at attention for one of the Army's oldest and most * JS venerable traditions HmM the passing of the colors. Lt. Col. James G. Kryway, a 25-year Army veteran who has taught ROTC at Indiana University for the past five years, was retiring and turning over his command to Lt. Col. Charles Osborne. For some freshmen cadets, this change of command ceremony was the first time they stood in formation, and their ARMY first good look at the military. For the senior ROTC cadets trying to

keep the freshmen in line, it was one of their last collegiate military ceremonies. In the four years since those Indiana University senior cadets entered the program, ROTC has undergone massive changes not as clear cut as the passing of the colors. But these changes have fjD nn fjD had a great impact on those 117 Army ROTC Indiana University students and the other 60,000 students enrolled in lb 1 ROTC nationwide. The end of the Cold War ushered changes for the U.S. military, and like stitute of Land Warfare in Arlington, Va. Each of the ROTC commands say their parent services, the Army, Air However, smaller means better for that budgetary belt-tightening has al- Force and Navy ROTCs are downsizing. ROTC programs. lowed them to select only the best of "It's directly related. As strengths go "We have a chance to be more selec- the best. Today's ROTC students were down, the requirement for ROTC goes tive," Army ROTCs commanding gen- high school class presidents, athletic down proportionately," explains retired eral, Maj. Gen. Wallace C. Arnold, told team captains and valedictorians. Army Lt. Gen. Richard L. West, director The American Legion magazine. "We "It's like night and day," says Maj. of the Association of the U.S. Army In- are now able to provide our forces a Ronald D. Thompson, assistant profes- much better trained young man or sor of military science at Indiana Uni- T Douglas Donaldson is an assistant young woman to be a new leader in our versity. "ROTC is much better than in editor of this magazine. Army." the '70s. Today's cadets are intelligent,

THE AMERICAN LEGION —

CITIZEN SOLDIERS Like other college students, ROTC cadets are swamped with the usual midterms and research papers. But their life on campus is made somewhat more hectic by 5 a.m physi- cal training drills that include five-mile marches.

graduates on Individual Ready Reserve. This meant they were de facto minute- men, officers without an opportunity for further training and without a Reserve or National Guard unit to call home. Like the Army, the Air Force also re- AIR FORCE leased cadets from their military oblig- ation as part of its downsizing. Since 1987, the Air Force's Voluntary Disen- rollment Program has released 949 stu- dents from their service commitment. Scholarship students volunteering to be dropped from the program must reim- burse the government for any money they received as cadets.

ACCORDING to the Government Accounting Office, the Air Force has lost more than $36 million in training investments by releasing AFROTC students. Instead of releasing students from their military obligation, the Navy, which also supplies the Marines with officers, made sweeping, across-the- board cuts in its ROTC program to contend with the downsizing. "I keep a close eye on what happens to the Navy budget, because what hap- pens to the Navy happens to Navy ROTC," Vice Adm. John H. Fetterman

motivated and they're better prepared." number of scholarships. Jr., chief of Naval Education and Train- ROTC standards have not been For example, the Army ROTC at the ing, said in an interview before his re- raised, but the competition for a de- University of at Austin had 200 tirement in July. creasing number of scholarships is cadets three years ago. By lowering the The Navy reduced the number of

fierce. In 1987, all services offered number of successive freshman classes, scholarships it offered in 1991 by more 19,716 ROTC scholarships. But in 1991, the cadet corps now numbers 75. than 50 percent—from 2,488 in 1987 only 14,989 scholarships were award- The Army also closed the program at to 1,116. In addition, the Navy that year ed—a 24 percent decrease. 62 college campuses between 1990 and also cut five NROTC units out of its ROTC credit today's 1991, reducing the number of schools 66; cancelled 68 NROTC cross-town competitive scholarships with ROTC's offering Army ROTC to about 1,000. agreements, which allow students at growing ranks of top-notch students. Also, the Army ROTC faculty has been schools without NROTC programs to In addition to reducing the number cut by more than 14 percent. From commute to schools that do have pro- of scholarships, the Pentagon dealt with 1991 to 1992, 333 faculty positions out grams; and combined 16 units into defense cuts by trimming the number of 2,316 were eliminated. eight. of students entering ROTC, and com- Though the Army completed most of Like the other services, these reduc- bined or eliminated ROTC units at this on-campus ROTC downsizing tions were made by eliminating fresh- some schools. about two years ago, more drastic cuts men from programs already slated to Army ROTC, the largest of the three still had to be made. be cut. ROTC programs, reduced the number In 1990, the Army was so overloaded Despite the downsizing, ROTC stu-

of its graduating officers by 28 per- with future officers from ROTC that it dents nationwide appear confident cent, from 7,766 in 1988 to 5,583 in released 1,145 non-scholarship ROTC about a career in the military. 1991. The cuts were made by reducing students from their active-duty com- "To be sure I receive an active-duty the size of freshman classes and the mitment. It also placed 4, 150 ROTC Please turn to page 58

FEBRUARY 1993 29 —

nation, scandal and unnatural disaster of our times. An articulate man with an encyclo- pedic mind, Edwards believes he knows Plots who really killed John F. Kennedy The and why. What's behind the Bank of Credit and Commerce International scandal is no mystery to him. He can speak fluently on lost Nazi gold bullion smuggled into the United States and the hidden truth about Watergate. And he knows only too well the sinister rea- sons for European royalty owning large tracts of land in the craggy mountain- sides near his home in rural Virginia. THICKEN The Edwards are not alone. At a time when the course of modern society

seems off-kilter and the nation is under By Don Oldenburg siege by drug use, crime and disease, more and more Americans believe they are entangled in a web of intrigue AS THE Jonestown Some people be- yond their control. massacre, as some believe that Since the 1991 release of the contro- suspect, actually a versial film, JFK, the circulation of a grim CIA experi- lurking behind little-known Cincinnati monthly called ment in biological war, every Criminal Politics has leaped to 30,000. genocide? The magazine's mission: To track the Has the outcome assassination, maze of activity of the Trilateral Com- of every presidential scandal and bine, a New York-based economic W election since Water- unnatural gate been manipulated by a secret soci- ety of the world's richest industrialists? disaster is an Is humanity but a slave race herded international on this grazing planet by superior aliens from another galaxy? conspiracy.

Is rock 'n' roll mind-control music? Without dismissing all these theories as fiction, or claptrap from the lunatic

fringe, the fact is that seemingly rational people hold such convictions. And they are just as earnest as the majority of Americans who, according to pollsters, cannot accept that Lee Harvey Oswald acted alone in assassinating President

John F. Kennedy. William B. and Virginia Davis Ed- wards are among those Americans who believe conspiracy is around every corner. "Without even apprehending or comprehending the nature of what's go- ing on, you turn over a stone and see the maggots," says Edwards. Since 1968, he and his wife have pieced together an elaborate puzzle of greed and lust for power. They are con- vinced they have uncovered an interna- tional conspiracy that has mastermind- ed every significant event, war, assassi-

Washington Post reporter Don Olden- burg's last story for this magazine, "Revi- talizing Democracy, " appeared in the October 1990 issue.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION —

to . CONSPIRACY COLLAGE The JFK i movie, bottom photo, rekindled the question of who killed Kennedy. Did Lee Harvey Oswald, left, act alone? Some say Marilyn Monroe, above, died be- cause she knew too much. And did aliens, top, really abduct Elvis?

council founded by David Rockefeller. Many conspiracy theorists allege that the council orchestrates world events to eliminate national boundaries and to create one despotic world government. "JFK awakened the American pub- lic," says Lawrence Patterson, publisher of Criminal Politics. "Ten million people saw that movie.. .a massive public opin-

ion. And the overall thrust [of it] was 100 percent accurate—government in- volvement in organizing the assassina- tion was proven."

There is an undeniable logic to many conspiracy theories. Typically, today's headlines provide compelling bits of evidence that appear to substantiate the worst fears and the most diabolic schemes. Patterson, for instance, mentions the Iran-Contra investigations as one of the reasons why George Bush, once consid- ered by some to be the quintessential Trilateral President, wasn't re-elected President. "They couldn't get another four years } Please turn to page 56

FEBRUARY 1993 31 "

Tm sorry it was you and

M"M| T TOOK Vietnam-era not me, Willie. PILGRIMAGE—On the 10th anniversary 9H Wm veteran Phil Priore of of The Wall, 35,000 people came to hon- Semper Fi. or America's fallen heroes. 9H East Haven, Conn., 17 mi years to say goodbye. But —From a note somehow he found the The sharp divisions that rocked the strength among the left at nation during Vietnam resurfaced 35,000 veterans who were The Wall. when the Vietnam Veterans Memorial attending the 10th An- project began. bH niversary of the Vietnam "I think it's safe to say that if it Veterans Memorial. wasn't for Bob Spanogle and The "It's good to come here with guys American Legion, The Wall wouldn't

who understand what it's like to lose the back. "Welcome home, brother," is be here," said Charles T. Hagel, chair- someone," Priore said. "I came here to what total strangers say in the presence man of The Wall's 10th Anniversary

say goodbye to my friend. I can speak of "America's most honored piece of Committee. "When the current design to him here." stone." of The Wall was called into question, In the presence of The Wall, there is "For many Vietnam veterans, The both Spanogle [then executive director a sense that the living can communi- Wall was the first sign that America of the Legion's Washington Office] and cate with the dead. "It's like they really was glad to have them home," said myself [then deputy administrator of aren't dead. They just live here now," Vietnam veteran Robert W. Spanogle, VA] were told we would get fired if we said Vietnam veteran Earl Gleason of National Adjutant of The American Le- didn't back down. American Legion Post 355, Penn Yan, gion. "It was an important step for our "But we held our ground and just N.Y. country—to say 'thank you' to the men look at the results...." Nowhere else can bikers and busi- and women who served in Vietnam." Today, 25 million visitors later, the ness executives, blue collars and white The wall of denial that has kept so Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Wash- collars, children and old men speak the many Vietnam veterans from coming ington, D.C., located near the Lincoln same language. And there is no other to grips with the war, seems to be Memorial, has become one of the most place where silence says so much. breaking down. "And in its place, a visited sites in the country. Emerging from the silence that en- constant reminder of the young men "A lot of the bad reputation associat- cases The Wall like a protective shield, and women who served in America's ed with those who fought in Vietnam is one can hear whispers of prayer, and most divisive war has arisen," Spanogle disappearing, and The Wall is part of the sound of guys patting each other on said. that healing," said retired Army Col.

THE AMERICAN LEGION —

i

Betty Antila, a Vietnam veteran. "I came to honor these men and women." "Vietnam veterans are no longer looked at as out- casts," added Post 355 's World War Gleason. "It seems that The Vietnam. Wall has brought out an ac- As Jamison spoke of ceptance of what we stood sacrifice, a man in a busi- for. We did what we had to ness suit was dropped off do and came home." at The Wall by a Yellow For many veterans, a Cab. Yellow Cabs, like this visit to The Wall is a pil- one, were at times used to grimage, a holy journey to deliver telegrams announc- get as close to memories as ing a service person's death possible and then let them to the family. Some who go. But the war is never far would remember probably away. took notice.

"I am still bothered by "There is still suffering the sound of helicopters," and pain out there," said said retired Army Lt. Col. Hagel, a Vietnam combat P. Evangeline Jamison, as a veteran and a Legionnaire chopper flew over the fu- from Post 84, Columbus, ture site of the Vietnam Neb. "The Wall has helped Women's Memorial, 300 this country come a long feet from The Wall. way toward recognizing "I remember wounded the contributions of Viet-

GIs, blood and pain. I re- nam veterans."

I re- touched member courage and WELCOME HOME! One embrace at a time, the wall of denial that Those who have member sacrifice," said has kept so many Vietnam veterans from coming to grips with the death and felt its chill, Jamison, an Army nurse in war is being torn down. 3 its humbling emotional

FEBRUARY 1! 33 — — — m

AWAKENING The Leatherneck Marine Pipe and Drum Band of West Orange, N.J. honors those who died in the war.

vacuum, discover that The Wall is like marked the 10th anniversary of the who served in Vietnam will have a a rift in time, through which two uni- memorial, someone placed The Medal monument that welcomes them home. verses touch. of Honor at the base of The Wall. It was "This is a beginning for the Ameri- There, and only there, families and the second time the nation's highest can people," said Jamison, at the future friends can reach out their hands and military honor was surrendered to fall- site of the Vietnam Women's Memorial. feel the essence of the 58,183 individu- en heroes from the war. "It is a first step in recognizing those als whose names are inscribed on The More than 25,000 items have been who fought in Vietnam—all the peo- Wall. There, and only there, gifts can left at The Wall, including wedding ple —men and women. be passed from this world to what lies rings, teddy bears, combat boots, pho- "We stood for them then; we need beyond. tographs, love letters and ammunition. them to stand for us now." For example, on the morning that Today, a collection of these gifts com- By Miles Z. Epstein prises an exhibit called "Personal Legacy: The Healing of a Nation" at the Smithsonian's National Museum of American History. The exhibit will re- main on display through June 7, 1993. Twelve -year-old Vickie Lynn Smith of Norwood, Ohio, left a poem as a tribute to Vietnam veterans on The Wall's 10th anniversary. Vietnam veter- ans, she wrote, "never forgot what America stood for." But during the Vietnam War, many forgot. "Women were certainly willing to fight for America," said Diane Carlson Evans, founder and chairman of the Vietnam Women's Memorial Project. "At a time when joining the military was unpopular, 265,000 women volun- teered to support our troops in Viet- nam— 10,000 served in-country." One day after the 10th anniversary of The Wall was commemorated, a plaque was placed on the ground where

FOREVER A symbol of undying love, the Vietnam Women's Memorial will LEGACY Nat'l. Adj. Robert W. Spanogle, these roses are among the 25,000 items stand this coming Veterans Day. On a Vietnam veteran, honors those who left at The Wall since 1982. that day, both the men and the women died by reading aloud their names.

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION Watering chores, water bills! Sweating behind a roaring mower!

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SOME RESERVISTS NOW CAN GET VA HOME

ETERANS with at least adjustable rate mortgages (ARM). ans to negotiate the interest rate of their six years in the Selected ARM interest rates fluctuate according loan with lenders. Previously, VA set the Reserve are now eligible to the mortgage money market. The interest rate that could be charged on a for VA home loans. Re- change should make buying a home VA home loan. This often discouraged V servists who participate more affordable to many veterans. The lenders from granting VA loans be- in the home loan program will be re- initial interest rate on an ARM is lower cause the rate usually was lower than quired to pay a 2 percent funding fee than the interest charged on a fixed- those for conventional mortgages. on their loan. rate mortgage. ARM rates may in- The new law allows veterans to in- This is one of a number of changes to crease during the life of the mortgage. crease their VA loan to cover energy- make VA home loans available to more VA ARMs are limited to a 1 percent efficient improvements. It also cuts the veterans, under the Veterans Home increase per year and a total increase of funding fee from 1.25 percent to 0.5 Loan Program Amendments of 1992. no more than 5 percent during the life- percent for veterans who refinance The law also authorizes a three-year time of the loan. their home loans to reduce the interest pilot program for VA to participate in Another major change permits veter- rate on their mortgage.

Cemetery Fraud the state legislature, and backed by Le- area or received hostile fire pay and gionnaires, went into effect Jan. 1, whose nonservice-connected disability Burial scams targeting veterans are 1993. The legislation was spearheaded prevents them from earning a living. on the increase, according to Alan by state Sen. Steven Stoddard, a mem- Both facilities are partially funded Clark, director of the National Ceme- ber of Post 90, Los Alamos, N.M. by a 50 cent per month deduction from tery System (NCS), who warns veter- Although not a legal requirement, active duty service pay and from fines ans to beware of misleading advertis- Virginia's legislature also has passed a and forfeitures collected from courts- ing. To avoid being ripped off, Clark bill urging state, county and city build- martial other disciplinary actions. suggests seven questions a veteran and ings fly the flag. should ask before making any burial to POW/MIA The monthly cost for residents is flags are available decisions: POW/MIA from 25 percent of any federal pensions, The American Legion National including Social Security military • If an ad offers a free gravesite, ask and Emblem Sales, P.O. Box 1050, retirement. Both male and female vet- if there is a requirement to purchase an Indianapolis, 46206, or telephone Veterans' additional gravesite. IN erans are eligible. spouses (317)635-8411. cannot become residents of the homes • If an additional gravesite is re- unless they also meet the eligibility quired, ask how much it costs and requirements. where is it located. Retirement Homes For further information, call the U.S. • What type of trust fund does the Eligible veterans now can live at the Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, (800) cemetery maintain to protect the buyer? U.S. Soldiers' and Airmen's Home (US- 422-9988, or the U.S. Navy Home, • What kind of restrictions are there SAH) or the U.S. Naval Home (USNH), (800) 322-3527. for grave markers or headstones? regardless of their branch of service. A • Are there extra charges for place- change in the law has brought both ment, care or setting the marker or homes under the same congressional Veterans' Business Loans headstone? umbrella for funding. The result is that As many as 200,000 veterans could • Is a vault or grave liner required, residency is no longer restricted to go into business for themselves during and what is the cost? Army and Air Force personnel for US- the next five years, if Congress ap- • Will the company provide you with SAH in Washington, D.C., and to Navy proves a VA proposal for a small busi- a written statement of its offer? and Marine veterans for USNH in ness guaranteed loan program. Clark advises veterans to be wary of Gulfport, Miss. The proposal would allow VA to cemetery deals that seem too good to Admission to the homes is restricted guarantee up to 50 percent of a busi- be true. Know what you are receiving to veterans who served as enlisted per- ness loan for land, equipment and other and get it in writing, he says. sonnel for at least half their active duty business expenses over the next five years and who are, in order of priority: years. The maximum loan amount POW Flag Flies • Military retirees with at least 20 would be $100,000. "You are not forgotten," is the mes- years of active duty who are at least 60 VA says the program could generate sage of least two states concerning years old; 200,000 loans and a million jobs. Mon- POW/MIAs. City, county and state of- • Veterans who are unable to earn a ey for the program would come from a fices in New Mexico are now required livelihood due to a service-connected 2 percent funding fee paid by borrow- to fly the official POW/MIA flag on disability; ers and a 2 percent loan guarantee fee legal public holidays. The law, passed in • Veterans who served in a combat paid by borrowers or lenders.

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Legion Honors Four Chaplains At Dedication

IFTY years ing as the ship gradually ago, four Army dropped below the surface. chaplains stood Each chaplain was posthu- together pray- mously awarded a Purple F the deck ing on Heart, Distinguished Service of the sinking Army trans- Cross and a special Medal port ship Dorchester, as they for Valor. faced certain death in the To honor the sacrifices of North . the chaplains and the 668 This month, the faith and other men killed on the Dor- courage of those chaplains chester, the Chapel of Four will be commemorated by Chaplains was dedicated in the Chapel of Four Chap- 1951 on the Temple Univer- ABOVE AND BEYOND The chaplains posthumously re- lains and The American Le- ceived this special Medal for Valor for their actions aboard sity campus in . gion. On Feb. 1-2, National the Army transport ship Dorchester on Feb. 3, 1943. Rev. Daniel A. Poling, Lt. Commander Roger A. Mun- Poling's father, presided at son and other Legion offi- the dedication ceremony. cials are scheduled to partic- amidships. Hundreds among The chaplains were 1st Lt. Forced to move after the ipate in a memorial serv- the 902 men aboard were Alexander D. Goode, 31, a lease with Temple expired in ice and dedication of the killed instantly. Jewish rabbi from York, Pa.; 1990, the chapel set up temp- grounds for the new chapel Many soldiers on the Dor- 1st Lt. George L. Fox, 43, a orary residence in Valley at Valley Forge, Pa. Other chester weren't wearing Methodist minister from Forge, Pa. Ground breaking 50th anniversary events in- lifejackets because of the Gilman, Vt.; 1st Lt. Clark V. and construction of the new clude a banquet and a re- heat below decks. Those Poling, 32, a minister of the chapel will begin after $1 union for survivors and fam- who survived the torpedo Reformed Church in Ameri- million has been raised, ac- ily members of victims. blast scrambled for lifejack- ca, from Schenectady, N.Y.; cording to Archie Roberts,

"There is, perhaps, no ets. Others crowded into and 1 st Lt. John P. Washing- acting senior chaplain of the better example of faith, and lifeboats. ton, 34, a Roman Catholic Chapel of Four Chaplains. love of fellow man, than the The four chaplains direct- priest from Arlington, N.J. About $375,000 of the $5 actions of the four chaplains ed the frightened men to Fox, a WWI veteran, was million needed for the pro- on that winter night," says lifeboats and passed out life- also a Legionnaire. While ject has been raised. Munson. jackets. When all the life- serving as a minister in Gil- The chapel, to be located On Feb. 3, 1943, the Dor- jackets were gone, the chap- man and East Concord, Vt., on a site 2.5 miles west of chester was traveling a route lains gave theirs. he joined Post 41 of Gilman. Valley Forge National Park, stretching from Newfound- The converted coastal In addition, Fox was Depart- will include a Dorchester land to Greenland, a fre- steamer sank in 27 minutes. ment of Vermont Historian museum. quent U-boat hunting Only 230 survived, but there and Department Chaplain. For information, write: ground. At 12:55 a.m., a would have been more casu- Survivors near the ship The Chapel of Four Chap-

German torpedo struck the alties had it not been for the said they saw the chaplains lains, P.O. Box 1943, Valley Dorchester's starboard side, chaplains. holding hands and pray- Forge, PA 19482.

ALEXANDER D. GOODE GEORGE L. FOX CLARK V. POLING JOHN R WASHINGTON

38 THE AMERICAN LEGION . ' ' n

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TENNESSEE POST 17 HOUSES NEEDY VETERANS

EMBERS of hotel and restaurant and "Times are bad for some large-screen TV, and a laun- the Legion in turned them into the Sumn- veterans and who better to dry facility on the premises. Gallatin, er County Veterans Home. look out for them than Le- Upkeep and utility fees Tenn., got The home, owned and op- gionnaires?" says Post 17 for the facility comes from tired waiting erated by Post 17 in Gallatin, Legionnaire James Boone. rent paid by the residents for government to respond to provides shelter for needy, Boone and James Claridy, al- whatever they can afford up the needs of local veterans. aging or homeless veterans so a member of Post 17, to one-third of their income. They went out and bought a in the area. originated the idea of having Three additional rooms are the Post buy the old motel rented out to Tennessee Val- and nearby restaurant and ley Authority workers and converting them into a vet- this income goes into an ac- erans home. count for repairs and im- It cost the 400-member provements.

Post more than $150,000 to Although the home is pri- buy the property and make marily for county veterans, necessary renovations. Post two rooms are reserved as members were fully aware temporary shelter for tran- that federal funds were avail- sient veterans. "We're also able for a project of this set up to take care of veter- type, but as Boone says, ans and their families," says "Federal money means fed- Boone. "It's always tough eral strings are attached. So, when there are children in- we've backed away from that volved." approach for now." The poor, the neglected For its 12 current resi- elderly and the homeless dents, the home offers more present problems not even

than just a shelter. It provides the federal government has AT HOME Walter Honeycutt, privacy, something most of been able to solve. But mem- above, was the Sumner County them have not had for some bers of Post 17 believe they Veterans Home's first resi- time. The rooms are small have found what can help dent. Post 17 of Gallatin, Tenn., with basic furnishings, and needy veterans in their own spent more than $150,000 are with that is the to buy an old motel and reno- some equipped community, and vate it for aging and transient kitchenettes. There is also a Sumner County Veterans veterans. common lounge area with a Home. "

MUSEUM REMEMBERS MEDAL UF HDNDR RECIPIENTS

OTH1NG com- seum was originated by John um will move to larger quar- 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday mands more re- H. Hill, president and chief ters by 1994. through Saturday. Admission spect, especial- executive officer of Colonial On display are the stories is free, though donations of ly from ex-GIs, Freight Systems. After more and artifacts of America's money and military artifacts than the MOH, than three years of work, the war heroes, from the Civil are welcome. Museum direc- the nation's highest military museum opened its doors to War to the present. A staff tor Smith says that people award—the . visitors in July 1990. of 25 volunteers, mostly mil- who donate $25 or more can In Chattanooga, Tenn., that The museum is managed itary retirees or ex-GIs, have their names inscribed respect has taken the form by Leo B. Smith, the execu- serve as tour guides and on plaques that will be of a museum with 10,000 tive director, and a 16-mem- arrange, decorate and main- placed in the new museum. square feet of displays and ber board of trustees which tain the displays. The staff For more information, memorabilia dedicated to includes members of The also promotes the museum contact: The Medal of the memory of heroic veter- American Legion and other by speaking before school Honor Museum, 400 Geor- ans, living and dead. veterans groups. If enough and civic groups. gia Ave., Chattanooga, TN The Medal of Honor Mu- funds are raised, the muse- The museum is open from 37403; (615) 267-1737.

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION -

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LEGIONNAIRES FISHING LURES DISABLED VETERANS IN ACTION

COOL, north- away their doubts and just About 30 disabled veter- Chartered only last year, Post 1992 of Aurora, Colo., western breeze enjoy themselves." ans participated in the first has already contributed to its glides across In 1986, Giblin, a disabled Salmon Derby five years the Monterey veteran himself, was hospi- ago. This past year, three community. The Post raised than Bay waters as talized and for a brief time charter boats and 18 private more $4,200 to pur- chase a specially "Mean Gene, The Salmon confined to a wheelchair. He boats carried 109 partici- equipped wheelchair for three -year-old Machine," feels a tug from longed to go fishing, but be- pants in the Salmon Derby. Matthew Winemiller, who the depths. And sure enough cause of the structure of The Rock Cod Derby is has cerebral palsy. his pole bends. He has a solid docks and boats, Giblin equally popular. Last fall, strike. found that for the disabled, 114 veterans took rod and Post 62 of Ellington, The cry, "Fish on!" re- the simple sport of boat fish- reel in hand to cast for the Conn., boasts that Charlie sounds, as the boat gently ing was difficult. That's why big ones and earn prizes Batz has served as Post rocks off the he created Monterey Bay such as trips, and electric adjutant for 52 years, possi- bly the longest coast. "Mean Gene," who is Veterans Inc. and the rods and reels. tenure of any Post adjutant. actually Gene Miller, a dis- Salmon Derby. He installed On most days, Giblin, an abled veteran from Mari- a dockside elevator lift so 18-year Army veteran, is in One man's fight may posa, Calif., reels in another wheelchair-bound veterans the Monterey Bay Veterans mean Colorado veterans salmon. can be easily lifted in and Inc. office, just 50 feet from will get license plates Miller was among the out of boats. Monterey Bay waters. Near- acknowledging their sacri- 109 veterans who partici- Monterey Bay Veterans by is his 18-foot-boat, Lady fices. Nick DeBono, Com- pated in the 1992 Monterey Inc. is a non-profit organiza- Coho, which he makes avail- mander of Post 11 of Bay Wheelchair Salmon tion supported by donations able to veterans. Trinidad, Colo., launched a Derby. The spring Salmon from veterans' groups and In addition to the Salmon campaign to have the state Derby and the fall Rock individuals. The Department Derby and Rod Cod Derby, create license plates for vet- Cod Fishing Derby allow of California has given the disabled veterans can make erans. His initial attempts to handicapped veterans, such organization $5,000 and appointments and go on in- get the state legislature to as Miller, to experience Giblin's Post, Post 591 of dividual fishing excursions. pass a measure were quash- ed. But he kept after them the thrill and friendship of Seaside, Calif, and Post 367 The only cost to veterans is fishing. of Los Angeles have donated the transportation. Monterey until the lawmakers decided last they'd rather "This gives veterans a money and volunteers for the Bay Veterans Inc. furnishes year have way to go fishing again," derbies. Also, Post 41 of the boats, rods, reels and the plate than continue to fight says Mark Giblin, organizer Monterey, Calif., hosted a bait. Volunteers help the vet- DeBono. of the derbies and founder of salmon steak barbecue for erans bait their hooks and Post 48 of Ilwaco, Wash., Monterey Bay Veterans Inc. veterans participating in last haul in their catches. organized a fund drive to "These veterans can cast year's derby. Whether the veterans are in build a memorial honoring wheelchairs or visually im- the U.S. Coast Guard's Life paired, they all have fun, Saving Service. After much says Giblin. work, the memorial was Although most participat- dedicated last May. ing veterans are from Cali- To recognize community fornia, including patients of members who work on the Palo Alto, Calif., VA Legion programs but who Hospital, Giblin invites dis- are not eligible for Legion abled veterans all over the membership, Post 209 of nation to come and enjoy the Orfordville, Wis., gives the fishing. This year's Salmon Friendship Award. The Derby will be in late April. 1992 recipients were Karen The specific date depends and Herbie Olson. on the weather. Post 88 of Turlock, Cal-

For more information if., is understandably proud about the derbies, contact: of its chaplain, Rev. Monterey Bay Veterans Bollinger, who was appoint- HOOKED Gene Miller was among the disabled veterans Inc., 32C Cannery Row, ed Department chaplain. who participated in the annual free fishing competition Monterey, CA 93940; (408) Bollinger also is District and sponsored by Monterey Bay Veterans Inc. of California. 646-8324. Area chaplain.

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION ADVERTISEMENT Why Haven't Seniors Been Told These Facts?

Doctors know that the balance reflex in those seniors who have mastered the program and women think growing old means cutting humans declines sharply after age 65. As you and sustained accidental falls, not one has been back on daily activities for fear of falling. We age, your brain's ability to compensate for seriously hurt. Think of it! For years seniors guarantee you WON'T fear falling after open- sudden changes in balance and space orientation have taken for granted that old age, poor bal- ing this guide! grows steadily weaker (for example, you trip ance and crippling falls go hand-in-hand. This "I recommend this book to all," says Nobel and then fall.) amazing program puts that concept to rest. Prize winner Dr. Linus Pauling, himself a sen-

A result is the frightening danger for seniors The author has put all the details of her ior in his 90' s who uses this program as part of to suffer accidental falls that cause crippling in- revolutionary balance system for seniors into a his daily regimen. juries (more than 200,000 hip fractures result LARGE PRINT, easy-to-follow guide... com- Right now you can receive a special press run from falls each year.) But the terrible risks of plete with illustrations showing exacdy how to of "How to Prevent Falls: A Comprehensive falls and the potential injuries from falls can be perform each balance improvement activity at Guide to Better Balance" for only $9.95 plus gready reduced. Poor balance can be improved. home. She calls her guide "How to Prevent $2.00 postage and handling ($11.95 total.) It

The secret is a program of simple movements Falls: A Comprehensive Guide to Better Bal- comes with a 90 day Money Back Guarantee. If that when performed with regular frequency can ance." It can save thousands of lives from need- you are dissatisfied in any way, just return it in make falling and the injuries from falls far less less pain and suffering every year. 90 days for a full refund, no questions asked. likely. It was developed by a former Olympic This remarkable program has been used suc- HERE'S HOW TO ORDER: just print your diving coach who has been working with seniors cessfully by doctors and physical therapists for name and address and the words "Prevent and teaching them the techniques of better bal- use with their own patients and family members. Falls" on a piece of paper and mail it along with ance for over 30 years. The program works on Now it is available to you. Not just another a check or money order for only $11.95 to: THE the principle that poor balance can be improved "nail down the rugs" method of fall prevention- LEADER CO., INC., Publishing Division, at any age. In addition, these easy balance im- ...but a proven method for seniors to revitalize Dept. PF2011, P.O. Box 8347, Canton, OH provement movements can even help strengthen their lives at any age. If you do nothing else 44711. VISA or MasterCard send card number your bones. today, resolve to read it yourself or share it with and expiration date. Act now. Walk with confi-

Furthermore, according to the author, of friends or family. Millions of senior aged men dence again. ©1992 The Leader Co., Inc. Discover Amish Folk Medicine's Natural Health Secrets

If you are health conscious and want to get • Backache? This home-made liniment has been tain Salve" for boils and sores. Mix up some back to nature. . .Look at the Amish. They are used for hundreds of years to relieve aches and "Good Samaritan Oil" for colds and flu. Dis- robust and healthy. Yet they rely on simple, pains. cover 6 ways to relieve muscle cramps, how the drug-free home remedies and folk medicine for • Poor memory? The Amish swear by this Amish use red beets to fight infection, which their everyday health problems. common seed to sharpen the memory. vegetables and fruits can cleanse and heal, and

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(foot fungus.) relief. muscle fatigue.

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16th/19th Cav. Sqs., 16th Cav. Grp. #10863 81st Co. NCOC #15673 HOW TO USE VETS 17th & 18th OCS Bands & Attchd. Fid. 81st Inf. Div., 322nd Rgt., C Co. (Wildcat Units (Miami Beach, FL WWII) #11698 WWII) #10925

17th A/B Div. Assn. #16619 82nd A/B Div., 508th Parachute Inf. Rgt. still This month there are tors may be able to 17th A/B Div Operation Varsity #14725 Assn(WWII) #16697 1,008 military reunions provide you with infor- 20th Arm'd Div., 8th A.I. Bn., A Co. 83rd Inf. Div., 329th Rgt., F Co. #30041 #14777 84th & 62nd Engr Co Bn (Korea) #14727 listed on these pages. How- mation. units are Many 20th Engr. Brigade (Vietnam) #22283 85th AAA Bn., Btry. B (1950-54) #28440 ever, VETS has informa- enrolling daily in VETS. 21st AAA AW Bn. (SP), D Btry. #20574 86th Chem. Mortar Bn. Assn. #16089 21st Inf. Rgt. (Japan & Korea) #28339 86th Engr. Const. Bn. (1961/63) #1 1455 tion on more than 10,000 Operators are on call 24th Evac. Hospital - Vietnam/WWII 88th Engr. Hv. Pon. Bn. - (WWII) #15744 other reunions. For infor- Monday through Friday #16725 90th Inf. Div., 790th Ord. Co. #20896 24th Inf. Div., 26th AAA Bn, D Btry. 90th Inf Div. (+ All Attached Units) #22982 mation on reunions for any from 1 p.m. to 9 p.m. (1952/54) #11470 93rd Engr Co B 1967/68 Vietnam #14735 military unit or ship, call Eastern Standard Time; 24th Inf. Div., 21st Rgt., L Co. (Korea 95th Maint. Ord. Co. #28442 1950/51) #12001 97th Inf. Div., Arty., HQ Btry. #10725 to from noon 8 p.m. Cen- 24th Inf. Div, 2nd Bn 70th Armor, Bn Mtc 97th Inf. Div. Arty 303rd, 365th, 389th, (900) 737-VETS tral Standard Time; from (Augsburg, 1961/63) #14821 922nd FA Bn. (WWI&WWII) #16119 26th AAA Grp. #11642 98th AAA Bn. (WWII) #22080 (900) 737-8387) 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. Moun- 26th Inf. Div., Mid-West Chapt. Of Yankee 102nd Engr Co (OS.) Vietnam 1965/66 If you know the VETS tain Standard Time; and Div. #16183 #14726 27th Eng Bn (CBT) Co A 1968/69 #14841 103rd Inf. Div., 409th Rgt., C Company five-digit number as- from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. 28th Inf. Div., 110th Inf. Rgt., 2nd Bn., HQ #28401 signed to the ship or unit, Pacific Standard Time. & HQ Co. (1950/52) #16290 104th Inf. Div. (Timberwolf) WWII Assn 31st Inf. Dixie Div. Society #15284 #22779 it please give to the opera- Phone calls cost $1.95 per 31st Inf. Div., 155th Rgt., E Co. Dixie Div 105th/203rd General Hospital (WWII) #14801 tor. The number is printed minute, and the average #10098 32nd Inf. Div., Red Arrow Club of FL 106th AAA, Co A. #28332 immediately after the unit call takes two minutes or #21786 109th Evac Hospital #28289 in the magazine. If you less. Proceeds help sup- 32nd Inf. Div. Veterans Assn. #22197 113th Calvary #30040 33rd Inf. Div., 136th Rgt., A Co. #16633 113th Cavalry, Red Horser Reunion don't know the VETS port various veterans' and 33rd Inf Rgt, 2nd Bn, Combat Team. #11640 number or haven't seen the children's programs and (1950/55) #11852 1 18th Inf., G Co. #15677 35th Trans Corp (Australia, New 1 1 9th Assault Helicopter Co. #221 1

ship or unit listed in the services sponsored by The Guinea, Philapines 1944/45) #14760 1 19th Evac Hospital (ETO) WW2 #22999 magazine, VETS opera- American Legion. 36th Inf. Div. National Assn. #16512 120th Evac. Hosp. (ETO WWII) #11768 38th General Hospital (1943) #12043 126th AAA Gun Bn., HQ Btry. #10221 39th Combat Engr. (Vietnam) #22094 128th Signal Co, Cam Rahn Vietnam 40th Cav. Recon. Trp. (WWII) #16208 #14794 40th Inf. Div., HQ & HQ Co. (WWII) 135th Ordnance MM Co. #16435 3rd Arm'd FA Bn. (WWII) #15989 #15917 155th Station Hospital 1942/45 #14837

3rd Arm'd Div. ,36th A I R. ,1st Bn. HQ Co, 40th Inf. Div., Veterans Assn 163rd Engr. Combat Bn. WWII #15330 CA (WWII) #16557 OUTFIT #14836 166th Ord. Tire Repair Co. WWII #14763 4th Army, 1299th/1 300th Eng Co Bat. CO 42nd Engr. ECB/KECB #22056 167th Rgt., G Co. (1954/55) #16217 (B) #28331 REUNIONS 43rd Inf. Div., 103rd Rgt. Vets Assn 168th AAA Bn. WWII #15442 4th Inf. Div., Western Pennsylvania #28443 168th Engr. Combat Bn. (WWII, Korea, Chapter #14721 43rd Inf. Div. Vets Assn. Sunbelt Chapter Vietnam) #16694 Reunion coordinators can enroll their 4th Inf Div., 35th Rgt, 2nd Bn #14784 #20030 168th FA Bn WWII #14759 units in VETS by sending a self- 4th Trans. Co./152nd Maint. Det. - (Med. 44th Inf. Div., 63rd Combat Engr Bn, Co B. 170th Avn Co ,52nd Avn Bn. Vietnam addressed, stamped envelope to VETS, Helicopter) #16221 #14044 #14745 P.O. Box 10088, Columbia, MO 65205- 5th Army Assn. (ETO-WWII) #11600 44th Inf. Div., 63rd Engr. (C) Bn., C Co. & 172nd Combat Engr Bn., Co. A,B,C & HS 4000. Unit names may be published two 5th Arm'd Div. Assn. #15428 HQ Co. #12034 (WWII) #15300 times per year, upon request. 5th RCT, (Korea) #14104 44th Inf. Div., 63rd Engr Bn. #28352 172nd Engr. Combat Bn. WWII #18706 6th Arm'd Div, 25th Arm'd Engrs Bat 45th Inf Div. 180th Inf Rgt. Assn 177th FA, 1st Bn., HQ Btry. #16283 #28410 (Thunderbirds WWII & Korea) #15434 184th Inf. Assn. (WWII) #20667 7th Army, 40th Sig. Const. Bn., B Co. 45th Inf. Div., 180th Rgt., G Co. 187th Abn. Rgt. Rakkasans Assn., Rice Army (Germany 1952/55) #22079 (Thunderbirds WWII & Korea) #15990 Paddy Jumpers (WWII, Korea, Vn) 7th Army, 1st Sig. Bn., D Co. 45th Inf. Div., 179th Rgt., B Co. #16267 #21133 1st Air Cav, 1st Sq, 9th Cav C Troop (Boblingen.Ger. 1962/64) #30025 45th Inf. Div. 180th Rgt. B Co. Korea 190th FA Grp. Assn. WWII #16281 Scouts (Vietnam/Cambodia 1970) 7th 1st Msl. Bn., Army, 39th Arty. 1950/51 #14785 191st Field Artty Bn #16232 #14839 (Germany 1960/63) #28358 45th Med. Co. Air Ambul./54th MCAA 192nd Ordn Co. (Depot) WWII #11270 1st Air Cav, 8th Eng Bn, Co A (Vietnam 7th Inf. Rgt. Assn. #16139 (Vietnam) #22365 193rd Tnk. Bn., HQ & HQ Co. #18698 1969) #14840 8th Army Hq. WWII Japan/Korea #14787 45th Med. Air Ambul (Vietnam) #28429 199th Light Inf. Bde. Assn. (Vietnam, 1st Cav. Div. Assn. #16387 8th Inf. Div., 13th Rgt, D Co., WWII 47th/1 347th Engrs. #15399 Cambodia) #15322 1st Inf. Div., 4th Cav., 1st Sq. #22670 #14780 48th Military Govt. HQ & HQ Co. #14185 1st Inf Div., 35th Rgt, 2nd Bn (Oct 1933 to 1st Inf. Div., 26th Rgt., 103rd AAA (WWII) •10th Inf. Div., 86th Rgt., & Co. HQ HQ 52nd Avn. Bn., 170th Avn. Co. #11984 Sept 43) #14828 #11355 #22629 53rd Inf Rgt. Assn. #15478 204th AAA Bn. WWII #16379 1st Inf. Div., 18th Rgt, Anti Tank Co. WWII 11th A/B Div., 187th Para-Glider Inf., E 54th Signal Bn.S Attach Units (WWII) 206th AAA AW Bn., B Btry. (Other #28270 Co. #16381 #10318 Btry. lncl-1 943/45) #11566 1st Inf. Div., 2nd Rgt., 2nd Bn., Co C 11th A/B Div. Assn. (1942/58) #14244 55th QM Rgt. (HM).Hdqtrs Co., Co's 208th Combat Engr. Bn. - (WWII) #15561 1966-68 #14819 11TH A/B Div, 118th Rgt., E Co A.B.CD, &F #16620 223Rd Inf. Rgt., 1St Bn., HQ Co. #14812 1st Inf. Div., 145th Eng Bn (Jul 1941 to (Parachute & Glider) #21525 59th Cripple Div (April 1946 Fort Snelling 226th AAA S/L Bn„ B Btry. #11167 Jan 46) #14829 12th Arm'd Div. Assn. #16368 MN) #14853 233rd AAA S/L Bn., C Btry. #15787 1st Inf. Div., 550th Eng Combat Bn. (Jan 12th Army Group, Hq's WWII #28424 59th Engr. Land Clearing #22183 235th F.A.Obsn Bn. (Korea) #15808 1947 to Mar 49) #14830 12th Arm'd Div. (N. Central Chapt.) 63rd Inf. Div. Assn. #10335 243rd FA Bn. Assn. #16564 1st Inf. Div., 70th Eng Combat Bn. (Mar #16476 63rd Inf. Div., 253rd Rgt., F Co. (WWII) 245th CA AAA Gun & Missile Bns., NYNG. 1949 to Mar 53) #14831 14th Avn. Bn., HQ & HQ Det. (Vietnam #14111 Old 13th Reg. #16178 1st Inf. Div., 70th Eng Bn (Apr 1949 to Nov 1966/67) #11782 65th Arm'd Field Arty. Bn. Assn. #28383 246th Engr. C Bn WWII #28397 69) #14832 14th Avn. Bn., 71st Avn. Co. (Vietnam 65th General Hospital 250th AAA S/L Bn. (PTO 1942/46) #1 1835 1st MP Co. (1948/51) #15457 1783 (WWII) #15557 69th General Hospital - Lido, India #16194 255th Ord. MM Co. #12048 1st Pit, Co A, 27 E B C (Vietnam 1969) 14th Avn. Bn. 174 Avn. Co. (Vietnam 69th Inf. Div., 880th Bn., Btry. Assn 267th Sep. Coast Arty. Bn. #15980 #14844 1966/67) #1178414 FA HQ #15671 280th F.A. Bn. (WWII) #16212 1st Prov.(T)Grp. , China/Am; HQ, 527th Ord 14th Avn. Bn., 176 Avn Co. (Vietnam 282nd Helicopter Co. (Vietnam) #1 1985 Co.,HM(T),1st/2nd (T) Bns. #11399 1966/67) #11785 70th Arm'd Div., 2nd Bn., Bn. Maintenance 293rd Engr. (C) Bn., Co. #10234 2nd AAA Grp. Hq Bat. #14714 14th Avn. Bn., 178th Avn. Co. (Vietnam (Augsburg, Germ.) #12054 C 304th Sig. Bn., Silk Mill Bldg. (Yokahama 2nd Arm'd Div., 702nd Tnk. Bn., 1966/67) #11786 73rd Engr (LP) Co. #14752 (WWII -Nov #21870 C Co. Assn. #28392 14th Avn. Bn., 280th HC (Vietnam 74th CA #28403 1946) 2nd Chem Mortar Bn. (WWII) #15805 1966/67) #11787 74th CA (AA)/370th Eng Combat Bn WWII 327th Station Hospital #14823 337th/1 338th Engrs. #15779 2nd Inf. Div. 38th Rgt., M Co., 81st MM 14th Avn. Bn., 161sV170th Avn Cos. (Lt. Assn #16715 Combat Mortar Pltn. (Korea 1953/54) #11101 Hlcptr-Vietnam 1966/67) #22671 74th General Hospital (WWII) #16445 351st Comm. Recon. Co. #15504 2nd Inf. Div, 9th Rgt, Serv Co. #2841 14th Avn. Bn., 406th Tran. Det. (Vietnam 76th Engr Const Bn. Co "C" (Korea 362nd AAA S/L Bn., 531st MP Bn., 799th 2nd Inf Div, 72nd Tank Bn, B Co. Korea 1966/67) #22677 1950/52) #28423 MP Co. (WWII) #20765 1950/53 #14718 14th Engr, Bn. (Quaingtri, Vietnam) 76th General Hospital #16149 368th Eng Btn. #28365

3rd 60th/ 4th 47th/ 3rd 47th Riverine #22229 78th Inf. Div., 309th Rgt., E Co. #16510 369th EASR. #16036

Infantry (Dong Tarn) #30142 15th FA,. 7th Bn (Vietnam) #22784 79th Inf. Div., 31 1th FA Bn., B Btry. (WWII) Please turn page

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION Read why one of the top horticultural experts in America declared under oath: "THIS IS THE BEST DARN TOMATO I'VE EVER TASTED!

And it's absolutely the easiest Tomato to grow—

Amazing hybrid literally pours forth

succulent, juicy Tomatoes 12". . . 13". . . • NO STAKING even 14" or more around. John W. Bennett of Appleton, GA, grew this Miracle-Bush™ • NO CAGING Tomato 21 " around! Send us a snapshot of your biggest Miracle-Bush™ Tomato and if • PRUNING it's the biggest one of all NO WE'LL PAY YOU A • NO TRIMMING $1,000.00 AWARD! just harvest meal after meal of huge luscious, m mouth watering Tomatoes 23 all season long!"

I'd like to share the news with Tomato Lovers ; are estimates for most areas ot the country, based on results actually achieved, but may be lesser or greater than figures stated everywhere about a remarkable hybrid that revolu- depending upon climate, soil conditions, amount of sun, and other tionizes home gardening ... a breakthrough from factors Miracle-Bush™ is our trade name for Super Bush tomato variety. Your tomato(es) will be shipped in pre-treated, pre-seeded nurseryman's agricultural test ga'rdens that someday will be in starter pot(s) approximately 3-5 weeks after receipt of order. everyone's home garden. Act promptly to be one

of the FIRST home gardeners to grow it this year! after meal of fabulous "half-pounder" beauties from This amazing Tomato is unlike any you've sunk a one, your taste buds will throw a party for your mouth. each individual plant, all season long. These Tomatoes sweet-tooth into before! never get leggy, never sprawl through your garden. The Best Tomatoes in the World Incredibly Delicious Taste! Instead, each plant grows to a well-shaped bush Just One Penny Each!

When it comes to taste, it's the all-time champ! about 35" tall ... so symmetrical, so pretty you'll These days, when I walk into a grocery store, I get

Quite frankly, It's the best darn Tomato I've ever consider using the Miracle-Bush™ Tomato as an sick at the prices I see. Sometimes two dollars tasted! Its ruby-red flesh literally bursts forth with ornamental in your front lawn. There's no better a pound and more for plastic-looking, plastic-tast- sugar-sweet flavor and intense Tomato taste. The tomato for window boxes or containers on a sunny ing things that should be ashamed to be called

mouthwatering flavor of this astonishing Tomato is porch or patio! Tomatoes. Then I think of delicious Miracle-Bush™

it, Tomatoes you can grow for about a penny apiece a revelation— until you've tried you simply can't Meal after Meal of Delicious Tomatoes delicious a Tomato can be! Each super- and I pity people who never even dream how scrump- imagine how Week after Wonderful Week! If like Tomatoes, you'll succulent fruit is a whopping 12". . . 13". . . even tious a Tomato can be! you Just imagine the taste-thrills you'll enjoy as you 14" or more around. And you'll harvest a dramatic love my Miracle-Bush™ beauties! I'm so certain of

prepare super-salads and sauces . . . picture the outpouring of up to 50 POUNDS or more of great- that fact that /'// pay for the Tomatoes myself if mouth-watering snacks you'll glory to . . . sink your tasting Tomatoes from every single plant. I'm wrong. teeth into the delicious flesh of these astounding Incredibly Easy to Grow! Tomatoes right off the bush! The Most Mouth-Watering Tomatoes

This amazing hybrid is absolutely the easiest You'll be the hero of your family, the hit of the Ever—Or your Money Back

Tomato to grow that I've ever seen! Horticultural neighborhood with these heaven-sent beauties! And Send for my Miracle-Bush™ Tomatoes now . . . scientists actually BRED OUT all the bother when you'll have more than enough to share with the plant them in your garden ... and enjoy their luscious

. in all they BRED IN all that good taste. With this Miracle- neighbors . . because I'm not talking skimpy, I'm goodness as snacks, salads and sauces season

Bush™ Tomato there's no staking, no caging, no talking Tomatoes . . . scores of Tomatoes from every long. If you're not thrilled with my Miracle-Bush™

trimming, no pruning, no special care. Just start it plant! Not teensy-weensy tiny Tomatoes other bush Tomatoes just let me know next fall, and I'll refund

indoors on any sunny windowsill, then set it out in hybrids produce, but magnificent big "movie star" every penny you paid! Your satisfaction is 100%

your garden and watch it grow! You'll harvest meal half-pounders so rich in flavor every time you taste guaranteed, or your money back. MEET W.M.-AND DISCOVER WHY WE CAN'T USE HIS NAME! - I MBT Nursery Sales, Dept. MBT-103, 1401 Lakeland Ave., Bohemia, New York 11716 I For more than 25 years, W.M. has been recognized J ~J3T I just I as one of America's leading experts on gardening and Please rush me the Miracle-Bush Tomato(es) Twelve Miracle-Bush™ Tomatoes, $15.00 horticulture He has contributed to several books, and postpaid, [checked below. I understand each one comes in I I has written countless articles on ^^^B home gardening for its own pre-treated, pre-seeded professional Total amount enclosed: $ i magazines and newspapers. Before his demise, he „^^^L_ nurseryman's starter pot, guaranteeing me the (NY residents please add sales tax) L«lri^^^^^M lectured all across the country and was on the faculty , I best-tasting Tomatoes I've ever eaten, or my of one of our nation's leading Universities. To pro- 1 l money back (except postage and handling). v "'< tect his family's privacy, we have agreed not to use , v Print Name_ '£/ ..«.•> >V Ws name, but every claim in this advertisement is ID One Miracle-Bush™ Tomato, just $2.50 plus ({(* ,.-, y his . . . and every word is true. This statement is 95* postage and handling.

1 VApup^ notarized to prove it! Two Miracle-Bush™ Tomatoes, just $4.50 plus Address. ID $1.50 postage and handling. Three Miracle-Bush™ Tomatoes, just $5.50 plus City. I $1.75 postage and handling. FOR FAST ACTION! Order three or more Mirac Bush Tomatoes within the next 10 days, and we'll al Six Miracle-Bush™ Tomatoes, just $8.00 plus send you a Surprise Nursery Pack of easy-lo-grow plus $2.50 postage and handling. State Zip_ vegetable 1 | Gjjanj Seed (a $5 00 value ) absolutely FREE * Miracle-Bush™ is our trade name for Super Bush tomato variety. © t993 MBT Nursery Sales, **VETS**

390th Signal Avn. Co., SP (WWII) #15453 1289th Engr. C Bn, Hq,A,B,C Co (WWII) APL-46 ( 1945-48) #28355 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 111th River 394th Signal Co AVN WWII #14761 #15920 ATC-151-14 Vietnam 1969 #14845 Div. (Vietnam) #11937 406th Engr. Const. Bn., A Co. #14137 3198th Sig. Sv. Bn. (China, India) #12062 Attack Boats (WWII) #11329 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 112th River 419th Arm'dFABn#16399 3207th QM Serv. Co. #16263 Aviation Ordnancemen Assn (Navy & Div. (Vietnam) #11938 423rd C.A. (AAA) Bat D #14768 3340th Sig. Sv. Bn. (China, India) #12064 Marine) #22617 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 131st River 441st Eng Depot Co. WWII #28338 4011th Sig. Sv. Bn. (China, India) #12063 Base Hospital #9 #18704 Div. (Vietnam) #11939 445th AAA AW Bn Vets Assn. #15279 6816th O/H Staging Det., Camp Pall Mall, Brown Water LST Assn. (, Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 132nd River 445th Ord. Ammo., Crisis (1961/62) Etretat FR. (1945) #1 1977 Vietnam) #28373 Div. (Vietnam) #11940 #11831 8047th Signal Serv. Det. 2 (Sendai.Japan CASU-1 (1943/46) #12029 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 151st River 460th Parachute F A #14778 1950/52) #22060 CASU-14 WWII #21510 Div. (Vietnam) #11941 465th FA Bn. Assn. 1921/55 #28345 8125th Sentry Dog Det. #14716 CASU-1 6 ( 1943/44) #1 1278 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 152nd River 471st Ord Evac Co (Evac Units Europe) Aero Med Evac Assn. #14842 CASU-42, CASU-13, ACORN-28 #22326 Div. (Vietnam) #11942 WWII #28425 Americal Div., 1st/46th lnf.,196th/198th CASU-9 (Palawan/Leyte, P.I.) #30108 Mobile Riverines 9th Div (Vietnam) 476th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) #15222 LIB., A Co. (Vietnam) #15446 CBMU-510/CBMU-121 #11689 #22977 484th AAA Bn (CBI) #14751 Army Ranger Assn Inc. (Darby's Rangers CBMU-539 WWII #18556 Mobile Riverines Armies LCU's #22981 501st Parachute Inf. Rgt. Assn. (Pira) WWII) #15739 CBMU-544 #14712 Mobile Riverine Force Assn. (Dong #16236 ASA, 60th Sig. Radio Intl. Co./Sig Ser Co. CBMU-546 WWII #28375 Tarn/Mekong VN) #28374 503rd Parachute Inf. #28388 #10452 Columbia Univ. USNR Midshipmen's N.I.O.T.C. Vietnam (1969) #14846 505th Med Collecting Co #28402 ASA, HQ, ASAPAC (1946/52) #12046 School (1940/45) #10336 NAF Naha Okinawa (1967/71) #21251 514th F.A. (WWII) #28389 ASA, Vint Hill Reunion #17289 COMSOPAC Communications (New NAS Maui, Territory of Hawaii #11313 516th Signal Corps (Austria 1949/55) ASTP/BTC, 5th Rgt., 2nd Co. (Ft Benning Caledonia) #22110 Warfare Assn. #10119 #15421 1944) #11422 Div-12, USS Cleveland/Columbia/ Naval Mine Warfare Test Station (Solo- 517th FA Bn. WWII #28269 CBI War Dog Det. (WWII) #16573 Montpelier/Denver #1 8068 mons Is., MD 1942/47) #12056 517th Parachute Combat Team Assn. Chosin Few (Golden Gate Chapter) Korea DESRON-47, 9 Ships, 50th Aniv. (WWII) NAVMMACPAC () #20083 #16164 1950 #14793 #16040 Navy Scouts & Raiders (WWII) #17580 532nd EB & SR #16401 Class 5, Engrs OCS, Ft. Belvoir (1951/52) Diesel School - University of Columbia, Mo NCB & Commun. Unit Balikpapan Borneo 538th QM. Serv Bn. Btry., D Co. #28380 #11492 #14822 (1945) #11971 540th Trnsportation Det.(LARC/BARC) Combat Infantrymen's Assn. (All C.I.B. FARFAN Radio- Zone Sub. NOB-157 () #14805 Vietnam #30116 holders) #11507 Base (1947/52) #22385 NSA Natl. Security Assn. Comm Tech 549th Hvy. Maint. Ord.Co. (NJ) #11327 CTD 305 (Univ of ) #14809 Fleet Activities, Ryukyus (Okinawa (Korea) #32160 555th Engr. Hv. Pont.Bn. #20119 Cmd. Tokyo; GHQ, H & S Cmd„ 1967/71) #20133 NTS Sampson Navy Vets Inc. (WWII) 563rd AAA (AW) Bn WWII #14753 Staff Bn., C Co. (APO 50) #16392 Fleet Tug Sailors Natl Assn. (Navy & CG) #28430

564th AAA AW, B Btry. (WWII) #12055 Ft. Kamehameha HI B550/A (Before & #17684 Nuke Sub Workers / Navy Divers #14797 566th AAA AW Bn. (WWII) #1,5620 WWII) #12005 Flying Midshipmen Assn - (1946-50) Patrol Craft Sailors Assn. #18507 583rd QM Sales Co. #18703 Gladiators 57th A.H.C. Kontum, Ankhe, #17513 Patrol Assn. (All 102 Ships) 596th Parachute Engr Co. #14779 Pleiku, Vietnam 1967/73 #14720 Frigate Sailors (Officers & Company) #28325 620th MP (50th Anniv) #20221 HQ's ASAPAC (1949/52) #28349 #14848 PB4Y All Squadrons #21892

629th TD Bn., A Co. #12036 I Army Corps, Sig. Sect. HQ (Korea) GRO-PAC 6, Boat Pool (WW II PC-464 #12008 640th QM Ldry. #20175 #22316 1944-46) #28356 PC-580 #12021 692nd FA Bn., B Btry. & HQ #15303 JAGC Command, Ft. Benning #20003 GRO-PAC 8, #18371 PC-596 (1944/46) #11652 703rd TD Bn. Assn. #12028 Nahbollenbach QM Depot - (1951-56) GRO-PAC 9, USNB 3252 (Peleliu) #14682 PC-802 #12017 705th AAA Gun Bn, Btry B (Oakinawa) #15893 HEDRON 15, 15th Fleet Air Wing (Port Port Lyautey Alumni Assn. #17207 1950/54 #14795 OCS Class 33, Ft. Riley #14043 Lyautey 1942/43) #12052 River Assault Flot #1 #21 1 55 707th AAA Gun Bn. #16318 OCS Fort Riley (1947-53) #16317 LCI (G) 422, 442. 558 559, 560, 561. 564, Riverine Inf. Vietnam #28372

713th Eng. Dep. Co. #28363 Ord Overseas Maintenance & Modification 565,566,567,568,580,751 .752 #1 1 1 38 RTC Great Lakes, IL. Co 91 ,1950 #14786 713th Eng. Dpt. #28441 Det (Kangaroo) #14724 LCI (G) GROUP 16 #14719 RTC San Diego, Co. 308 (1969) #11366 720th MP Bn. (All Eras) #10481 Otter & Caribou Assn #14790 LCI (L) 228 (WWII) #28438 S-13&SS-1 18 #17772 726th MP Bn. (WWII) #15260 Platoon 1058 - San Diego 1973 #28426 LCI (L) 343 (WWII) #28437 Salvage Ship Sailors Nat'l Assn #14739 728th Railway Oper. Bn. WWII #15693 Signal Corps OCS Classes, Ft. Gordon, LCI(L) 526 & 39 #14555 Sampson WWII Navy Vets Inc #14783 735th Tank Bn #20202 GA (Vietnam 1965/68) #22594 LCI (L) 732 #17377 Sampson WWII Navy Vets Inc #14789 744th Railway Operating Bn. #16475 Smith (Korea) #28417 LCI National Assn. (#1 thru #1098) SC-541 #14731 746th Railway Oper. Bn. Inc Hqrs Co & Co US Army Ranger Vets Assn. #28405 #21615 Scout & Raiders WWII #14717 D Members #16258 US Constabulary Assn. #18709 LCI 646 #12015 Scouts and Raiders (N. Africa 1942) 749th Railroad Operating Bn. WWII US Med Cmd, Japan (All Units) #28416 LCS (L) (1) 130 Assn. #17604 #10663 #16246 WAC Detachment, Ft. Sill FA School, 85th LCS (L) 53 #21687 SLCU-32 B.P. 17 & 18 #11311 750th Tank Bn #28406 WAAC Post, HQ Co. (1943) #11682 LCS (L)'s National Assn. #18234 SNAG-56 (Spec. Naval Advanced Grp.)

750th Tank Bn, Co B #14750 WAC Detachment 1 WWII #18695 LCS (L) 3-78 #12037 #17426 751st AAA Gun Bn. Btry B WWII #14762 WAC Women's Army Corps Vets Assn. LCT Beach Group 42 & 43 #14746 South China Patrol, Asiatic Fleet #18034 751st Tank Bn. #10304 #15278 LSM National Assn. #18552 SS Charles Robinson (Armed Guard 753rd Railway Shop Bn. TC #16413 XIII Corps Assn. (WWII) #15530 LSM 110 #12010 Crew) #28435 762nd FA Bn, Med Det. #28395 XIV Corps, 669th TOPO Engr. #22284 LSM 16 #28344 SS George W Lively - Armed Guard Gun 785th Tank Bn. #11663 XIX Army Corps HQ & Units #1 5448 LSM 221 (AMFIBIOUS) #28318 Crew (1943-45) #14765 787th Tank Bn., B Co. #16700 LSM 316 #28333 SS Lynn Boyd (Armed Guard Crew) 790th Ordnance Co. (WWII) #18701 LST Assn of the U.S. (WWII To Present) #28434 790th Railway Opr. Bn. (Inchon, Korea #10756 SS Mark Twain (Gun Crews) Armed Guard 1945/47) #12050 LST Assn. (MN Chapter Inc CG) #28341 #28413 802nd TD Bn. #16601 Navy LST Flottilla #25, Staff (WW2) #28305 SS Mormacswan Armed Guard #1 1644 807th Engr. Avn. Bn. (Ladd AFB, AK) LST-1148 (Korea 1952/53) #12009 SS Wm Phipps (Gun Crews) Armed Guard #14161 LST-137 #30091 #28414 832nd Sig SerBn. #14071 4th NCB Spec. #22903 LST-221 #12007 Sub Vets SS-269 #22126

842nd AAA AW Bn., A.B.C.D and HQ Co. 6th NCB #28328 LST-309 #11375 Task Force 1 1 5/1 1 7 Vietnam #28371 (WWII) #18700 8th NCB Spec. (Aleutians) #17394 LST-344 (WWII & Viet Nam) #14625 Tophatters (VB-4.VS/VB-41 ,VA-1 A, VA-1 4) 843rd AAA AW Bn. #16444 10th NCB #14755 LST-387 #30092 #22097 845th Avn. Engr. Bn. (WWII) N 22nd NCB, Naval Reserve. Vietnam LST-392 #17986 USN Ammunition Depot 3149 / Africa, Italy.Corsica.S France #1 1923 #11986 LST-398 #18173 #14742 860th Engr. Avn Bn. #16425 24th NCB #18647 LST-447 (WWII) #18128 USN Co 4717 (1947) Bainbridge MD, NTC 865th AAA AW(SP) Bn. WWII & Korea 24th NCB #28382 LST-487 #17731 #14781 #16239 26th NCB #10443 LST-511 #14749 USN Cruiser Sailors Assn. (All Ships

865th Av. Bn #16603 27th NCB Spec #14757 LST-559 (WW II South Pacific) #28445 Company) #11576 872nd A/B AVN Engr. Bn. #16428 27th NCB Okinowa 1945 #14802 LST-571 #22939 USN Hospital .Memphis, TN (1945 Purple 876th Airborne Engr. Avn Bn. #16442 68th NCB #14843 LST-574 Assn #18504 Heart Persons) #14782 893rd Signal Co., Depot Aviation #15965 78th NCB Assn. (WWII) #18083 LST-575 USS Wythe APB-41 #28346 USNAB Radio Transmitter Sta. LeHavre, 893rd Tank Destroyer Bn. #16300 87th NCB #10196 LST-587 #21960 France (1944/45) #11989 896th AW Bn. #28404 90th NCB #18036 LST-605 #12038 USS A.A.Cunningham DD-752 #18136 906th Ord. HAM Co. #16086 91st NCB #11658 LST-833 #18182 USS Abnaki ATF-96 #17667 958th Ordinance (South Pacific 94th NCB (WWII) #22830 LST-867 #17798 USS Abner Read DD-526 Survivor Assn. Command) #14816 101st NCB #18278 LST-908 #17639 #21132 976th F.A. Bn. #28420 103rd NCB KOREA 1950/51 #14756 LST-917 (WWII) #17407 USS ABSD-2 #10453 982nd Engr. Const Bn., B Co. (1950/52) 3070th Naval Base, Fleet Post Office LST-919#14748 USS ABSD-3 #12022 #10662 (Zamboanga.PI 1945/46) #12030 MCB-3 MAM Deployment 1968/69 #14758 USS Achernar AKA-53 Assn #28421 983th FA Bn WWII #14766 ACORN-19 (Phillipines WWII) #11898 Mine Sq. 10 Assn. Mine Div 125 #17519 USS AjaxAR-6 #14500 987th F.A. (Camp Bowie Tex) #14728 ACORN-28 #21654 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 91st River Div. USS Alameda Co. AVB-1 #11305 1262th MP Co (Germany 1946/48) #14764 Amphib Base, Ft. Pierce/Attack Boat Flot. (Vietnam) #30143 USS Alcor #18502 1280th Combat Engr Bn., A Co. (WWII) (WWII) Assn #21897 Mobile Riverines, MTF 117, 92nd River USS Alhena AKA-9/AK-26 #17344 #11676 APc Sailors of WWII #21750 Div. (Vietnam) #11936 Please turn page

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION Advertisement Did You Make This Mistake In Writing Your Will?

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USS Altair AD-1 1 Assn. #18361 USS George Clymer APA-27 (1942/44) USS BB-36 & SSBN-733 Assn. USS Wyandot AKA-92 #17916 USS Amesbury DE-66/APD-46 #11420 #12044 #28362 USS Zane DMS-14/DD-337 #18119 USS Antaeus AS-21 #10845 USS Glacier AGB-4 (Deep Freeze 60/61) USS New York BB-34 (WWI-WWII) (ALL USS Zeal AM-1 31 Assn. #10683 USS Arctic AF-7 #18221 #28436 HANDS 1914-48) #18294 V-12 Pgm. Univ. of Louisville (50th Anniv.) USS Ashtabula AO-51 (1949/55) #21696 USS Glennon DD-840 #1 1 1 90 USS Newman DE-205/APD-59 #17793 #22994 USS Askari ARL-30 #22979 USS Golden City AP-169 #12018 USS Nicholson DD-442 WWII #22519 V-12/V-5 Pgm. Western Michigan Univ. USS ATR-3 (Normandy Invasion) #22089 USS Graffins WWII #30112 USS Noa DD-841/343 #22092 (1943/45) #28409 USS Aucilla AO-56 Assn #18676 USS Griswold DE-7 (WWII) #17836 USS Norman Scott DD-690 #17698 V-12/V-5 Pgm. Doane College (50th USS Bache DD-470 #21176 USS Haggard DD-555 (WWII) #17528 USS O'Hare DD-889 #22036 Anniv.) #11969 USS Bagley DD-386 Assn #17424 USS Hamlin AV-15 WWII #20585 USS Oahu #28348 VA-75 (50th Anniv. All Personnel) #1 1993

USS Bainbridge DD-246 #18098 USS Hanover APA-1 16 (1944/46) #20880 USS Oberrender DE-344 #28317 VB-1 1 1 Vets Organization #14826 USS Bainbridge Commodores (Football USS Hanse DDR-832 #28390 USS Odax SS-484 #11271 VB-98/VC-25 (1943/44) #28399 Team + Spec Serv 1951/54) #14804 USS Harold J. Ellison DD-864 #14656 USS Oklahoma BB-37 Assn #17830 VC-13#14754 USS Barnett APA-5 #12053 USS Hart DD-594 #10906 USS Oklahoma BB-37 Survivors of Dec 7 VC-35 #22292 USS Bataan CVL-29 (Air Grps. incl.) USS Hawkins DD/DDR-873 #17949 1941 Sinking (Mar/Navy) #14833 VD-1 Fleet Photographic Sq. 1 Assn. #17516 USS Hazelwood DD-531 / Desron 47 USS Oliver Mitchell DE-417 #28381 #22048 USS Benewah APB-35/USS Tutulia ARG- #18028 USS Orleck DD-886 Assn. #22539 VD-2 Photo Sq. #12047 4 #11 135 USS Heermann DD-532 #20058 USS Ozbourn DD-846 #22619 VF-24 & VT-24 (1953 USS Yorktown USS Bennington CV/CVA/CVS-20 (Air USS Henderson DD-785 #1 1247 USS Parsons DD-949 #1 1598 Cm is) #10357 Photographers of OP Div) 1962 #18492 USS Henry A. Wiley DM-29 #1 1 228 USS Pennsylvania BB-38 Assn VH-6 Air Sea Rescue Assn. (1945) USS Blackfin SS-322 #17915 USS Hersey AP-1 48 #1 0772 (Officers.Crew.Mar) #17778 #12039 USS Blandy (DD-943) #30105 USS Highlands APA-1 1 9 #21 951 USS Peter H. Barnett APA-5 Assn #1 1696 VP-6 (1950/52) #28340 USS Boggs DD-1 36/DMS-3/AG-1 USS Hoel DD-533 #21231 USS Phaon ARB-3 #12058 VP/VPB-204 P.B.M. (Mariner) Sq. WWII #18478 USS Holland AS-3 (WWII) #18122 USS Portland CA-33 #17884 #22744

USS Botetourt APA-136 (1944/46) #11615 USS Hopi ATF-71 #12033 USS Prairie AD-15 (Decomission 3/26/93) VPB-20,(PPM Sq. 20 Mariners) (WW II USS Bradford DD-545 #17939 USS Hopkins DMS-13 #14852 #18619 South Pacific) #28444 USS Bradley DE-1041 (1968/75) #21751 USS Horace A. Bass APD-124 #18679 USS Presley DE-371 #11752 VR-13 (1943/45) #28334 USS Braine DD-630 #17441 USS Houston CA-30/CL-81 Assn. #10311 USS Prichett DD-561 #17324 VT-21 (WWII) #11319 USS Bremerton (CA-1 30/SSN-698) USS Hubbard DE-21 1/APD-53 1944/46 USS Princeton CV-37/LPH-5 Assn #14689 VU-4 #11968 #18427 #30107 USS Regulus AF-57 #17856 WAVES El Toro, Santa Ana CA (1953/56) USS Briscoe APA-65 #17878 USS Hugh W. Hadley DD-774 #17837 USS RenoCL-96 #21262 #30109 USS Brownson DD-868 #22646 USS Independence CV-62/CVA-62 & Air USS Renville APA-227 #22306 Y.T.M.-769 Vietnam 1969 #14847 USS Brush DD-745 #18076 Wings #17567 USS Robert L. Wilson DD/DDE-847 Assn. Yard Tug Sailors Nat'l Assn (CG & Navy) USS California BB-44 Assn. (& USS Independence CVL-22 WWII #10874 #10168 #14738 Attchd. Marines) #17526 USS lndraARL-37 #14851 USS Rogers DD/DDR-876 #11123 YG-48 #14468 USS Candid AM-154 (1943/45) #11582 USS Intrepid CVA-CVS-11 & Sq (1943/74) USS Rowan DD-405 #18215 YMS-118 #17378

USS Capable AM-1 55 ( 1 943/45) #1 1 581 50th Anniv. #30083 USS Rudyerd Bay CVE 81, VC 77/96 Sqs. YMS-179 (1942/45) #12061 USS Caperton DD-650 #10781 USS J. Fred Talbot DD-156/AG-81 #18336 YMS-295 (1944/45) #11440 USS Card CVE-11 & VC-1/8/9/1 2/55 #18672 USS Sabine AO-25 #17392 YMS-306 (Operation Crossroads 1946) #17496 USS Jack W. Wilke DE-800 #18382 USS Sampson DDG-10 #16279 #30094 USS Carmick DD-493/DMS-33 #18600 USS James E Kyes (DD-787) #22154 USS San Carlos AVP-51 1944/46 USS Casco AVP-12 (1943/45) #21814 USS Jenkins DD/DDE-447 #17561 So.Pacific WW2 #12023 USS Caution AM-1 58 (1943/45) #11580 USS John C. Butler DE-339 #17821 USS San Juan CL-54 Assn #17693 USS Charles E. Brannon DE-446 (WWII) USS John J Powers DE-528 #14769 USS Santee CVE-29 Assn #21823 #28387 USS John King DDG-3 #20474 USS Safyr ARL-23 #22978 Marines USS Charrette DD-581 #18061 USS John Land AP-1 67 (WWII) #21819 USS Scania AKA-40 #10835 USS Chicago CA-14/CA-29/CA-136/CG- USS John R. Perry DE-1 034 ( USS Sea Fox SS-402 #12027 1st 155th How. Bn. #28418 11/SSN-721 National Assn. #11925 FL, Cuban Msl. Crisis 1962) #28364 USS Shields DD-596 (Korean War) 1st Div 11th Rgt., 2nd Bn., E Btry. (Korea) USS Chikaskia AO-54 (1943/69) #18533 USS Johnnie Hutchins DE-360 #28312 #17103 USS Clarence L. Evans DE-113 1944/45 USS Johnston DD-557 #17336 USS Sidonia AKA-42 #21457 1st Mar. Div., 5th Rgt., 1st Bn. (1/5) #12020 USS Josephus Daniels CG-27, 1st Div. USS Sirius AK-1 5 #14798 Vietnam #22179 USS Clinton Trans. Div. 72 #28428 Only (1989/90) #12060 USS Skagit AKA-1 05 #17395 1st Mar. Div., 4.5" Rocket Bat, Korea USS Colleton APB-36/USS Mercer APB- USS Joseph M. Auman APD-1 1 7 #1 1 372 USS Snowden DE-246 #30076 #14808 39 & USS Nueces APB-40 #21815 USS Jupiter AVS-8/SLCU-26 #1 7974 USS Soley DD-707 Assn. All Years 1st Mar Div, 5Th Rgt, 1St Bn, C Co. (Hsin USS Collingsworth APA-146 #17825 USS Kankakee AO-39 #18060 #18530 Ho, China 1946/47) #14814 USS Concord CL-10 #17515 USS Kendall C Campbell DE-443 #18702 USS Sphinx ARL-24 #14478 1st Mar Div. 1st Rgt, 2nd Bat, - Vietnam USS Conserver ARS-39 #14652 USS Kennebago AO-81 (WWII) #17775 USS Spiegel Grove LSD-32 (1956/91) Era Only 1965-71 #14799 USS Coos Bay AVP-25 (WWII 50th Aniv) USS Killen DD-593 #14698 #12026 1st Rgt., 3rd Bn., "Mike" Co. (Vietnam #11590 USS Kimberly DD-521 #18410 USS Springfield CL-66/CLG-7/SSN-761 1967/68) #20660 USS Courtney DE-1 021 #28384 USS Kirshna ARL-38 #14849 Bluejackets Inc #18364 3rd Air Wg., 23 Air Gp., 23rd Serv. Sq. USS Cronin DE-704/DEC-704 #22730 USS Kishwaukie AO-G9 #22033 USS Stanly DD-478 (WWII) #1 1523 #21535 USS Cumberland Sound AV-17 (1944/45) USS Lackawanna AO-40 #10704 USS Stickell DD/DDR-888 #17564 3rd Marines, 1st Bn (1968/69) Vietnam #22509 USS Lassen AE-3 #12024 USS Suamico AO-49 #28307 #11217 USS Currituck AV-7 #14598 USS Lawrence DD-250 (1944/45) #1 1828 USS Subik AK-121 (1943/46) #12049 3rd Mar. Div., Disbursing Office. FMF USS Dade APA-99 #28316 USS Layte CVS-32 #14730 USS Swallow AMS-36 ( 1 950/52) #1 1 677 #14330 USS Davison DD-618/DMS-37 #18387 USS Leahy DLG-16 #28385 USS Sylvania AFS-2/AKA-44 (WWII- 5th Mar. Div. Assn. #21033 USS DeHaven DD-727 1969/73 #28313 USS Leonard F. Mason DD-852 #18093 Present) #11206 5th Mar. Div., 13 Rgt., 3rd Bn., I Bat. (Iwo USS Dent APD-9 #21167 USS Lesuth AK-125 #17358 USS Takanis Bay CVE-89 #28431 Jima WWII) #14817 USS Des Moines CA-1 34 #18590 USS Lexington CV-16 "Blue Ghost" Assn. USS Tate AKA-70 #12035 6th Rgt., 1st Bn., Mtr. Pool (Camp LeJune USS Dickens APA-1 61 (WWII) #11215 USS Tatoosh (1942/45) #28377 1955/56) #11944 USS Donaldson (DE-44) #28343 USS Lexington CV-2 Club #18112 USS Taussig DD-746 #18307 8th 155 Longtom Gun Bn #14771 USS Doneff DE-49 #28398 USS Lowndes APA-1 54 #17452 USS Thomas F. Nickel DE-587 #18699 10th Amph. Trac. Bn., A Co. (WWII) USS Donnell DE-56 #14723 USS Ludlow DD-438 #17614 USS Thompson DD-627/DMS-38 (WWII #28379 USS Doyen APA-1 (WWII 1943-46) USS Magoffin APA-1 99 #18059 Korea) #17569 10th Special Basic Class (1951) #11653 #18686 USS Manilla Bay CVE-61 (West Coast) USS Thuban AKA-19 #22702 11th DEFBn #14772 Drexler DD-741 #18385 Div.24,VC-7,VC-71,VC-72,VC-80 USS Ticonderoga CV/CVA/CVS-1 4/CG-47 USS 41 St OC/44Th reserve Officers class 1944 Assn #17791 USS Duffy (DE-27) 50th Anniv. #22901 #21245 #14811 (50th Reunion!) Matagorda AVP-22 #17923 USS Tortuga LSD-26 Assn. #10436 USS Dupage APA-41 Year USS Adm. Nimitz Staff Reunion #21088 #11701 USS Towner AKA-77 #14610 #21950 USS Maumee AO-2 (1942/43) Air Base Grp. 2 #11865 Trapper (WWII) #22997 USS Elmore APA-42 #17562 USS McCawley APA-4, & APA-10 (WWII) USS ACM-9 Avn. Supply Marines (West) #17127 Engstrom DE 50 #17786 #11484 USS Trathen DD-530 #17685 AWS-13 (WWII) #11734 jS Enterprise CV-6, Band 51 #14690 USS McCord DD-534 (WWII) #22633 USS Trenton CL-1 1 #18664 AWS-2 (WWII) #12025 JSS Floyd B. Parks DD-884 #10572 USS Memphis CL-13 #30114 USS Truckee AO-147 Plank Owners Assn. AWS-8 (WWII) #11716 USS Flying Fish SS-229 #10528 USS Menelays ARL/AVS-13 (Med. Cruise #11301 Boot Camp Parris Island S.C. Platoon-374

USS Fogg DE-57 Assn. #1 1 863 1 953/55) #28272 USS TutuilaARG-4 #17390 1945 #14838 USS Forrestal (CVA/CV/AVT-59) #18458 USS Midway CV-41 Assn. #22734 USS Uvalde AKA-88 (1944/68) #18396 China Marines Assn. #17183 USS Frank E. Evans DD-754 Assn. USS Molala ATF-106 #11394 USS Vincennes CL-64 Crew #18705 Survivors, Hogan's Goats #22287 USS Monticello AP-61/USS Europa AP- USS Vulcan AR-5 (1943/46) #10779 A/1 /27th Mar, 5th Mar Div #1 1970 USS Franklin D. Roosevelt CV-42 & Air 177 Assn. 1942/46 #17678 USS Wainwright DD-62/DD-41 9/DLG- MAG-52 Serv. Sq. (1944/45) #11558 Wings #17996 USS Montour APA-101 #14722 28/CG-28 (All Eras) #17578 Mar. Det, USS Nevada BB-36 #22900 USS Franks DD-554 #16150 USS Montpelier CL-55/SSN-765 (Com- USS Warhawk AP-1 68 #1 1 739 Marine Det. (1953-57) #14813 USS Frybarger DE/DEC-705 #17690 missioning) #11832 USS Washington BB-56 #14533 Marines Of Korean Conflict #28394 USS Gardiners Bay AVP-39 1954 #14744 USS Mount Vernon AP-22 (WWII) #10440 USS Wesson DE-184 #10112 MAWS-7/MGCIS-7/MACS-7 Assn. (WWII)

USS Gardiners Bay AVP-39 #1 1 875 USS Naos AK-1 05 #12019 USS Willard Keith DD-775 (WWII) #22302 #17190 USS General G.O. Squire AP-130 #10752 USS Natrona APA-214 #22035 USS Winged Arrow AP-1 70 #17707 Please turn page

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION Remember

when it all seemed so simple!

You were home. Safe. You'd served your country well.

And now you could get on with life. And look after your kids ... and promise you would never leave them again.

Where have the years gone?

That curly-headed girl and skinned-knee boy of yours are grown now. But you've never forgotten how much you missed them while you were away

... and how much you loved them.

And you love them yet ...

... and now you can show them how much you care with an exclusive Term Life Plan from The American Legion.

So that when the time comes you must leave once again ... they will have

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Please send me more information about the Term Life For more information about the exclusive Term Life Plan from The American Legion. I know there's no obligation. Plan for our members of The American Legion, please fill out this coupon and mail it to: The American Legion Insurance Plans, P.O. Box 93124, Des Moines, Iowa 50394. Name

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Note: This Plan is no( available in South Carolina, Vermont and to residents of

Minnesota age 80 and over. City, State, ZIP AMC2 Plan Administered by: Kirke-Van Orsdel, Incorporated SRH-1962UT **VETS**[

Mohave Station Hq. Sq. (1942/58) #21035 319th Ftr Int Sq. Bunker Hill, Korea, 30th Bombardment Grp. (WWII) Assn Galveston Aux. Coastal Patrol (1945) Mojave Desert Marines (All Base Homestead #15094 #16829 #12012 Personnel-Male & Female WWII) 330th Bomb Grp. Assn #21842 32nd Phota Sq, 5th RCN Grp (Texas) Galveston/Texas City Pilot Boat (1943/44) #11738 416th Bomb Group WWII #28422 1942-44 USS Hamilton #14800 #12013 NAS Antigua, Leeward Islands 1941/42 444th Ftr. Inter. Sq. #10045 47th Bomb Grp. (WWII) #10780 Horse/Jeep Patrol, High Island TX Mar Det. #14820 500th Bomb Sqdn Assn., 345th Bomb Gp 55th TC Sq. #11515 (1941/45) #12016 Peleliu Survivors (1944/94) #30080 #14775 60th TC Grp. WWII #16760 LORAN Station, Simeri Crichi, Italy (All VMD-254 (WWII) #11710 525th F.I.S. (Bitburg Germany) #14792 68th Air Serv. Grp. (China WWII) #16894 years) #22800 VMF-115 Pilots & Crewmen #14732 623rd AC & W / 2152nd Comm. Sq. 69th Station Comp. Sq. (ETO WWII) LST-202 (WWII) 50th Anniversary! #11421 VMF-121 (WWII) #11711 (Naha, Okinawa/All Yrs.) #1 1471 #14277 LST-202 (WWII) #11454 VMF-123 (WWII) #11721 775th AC&W Sq 1950/70 #28330 73rd Bomb Wing, Assn, B-29 Grps., LST-763 #10838

VMF-213 (WWII) #11712 861st Avn. Engr. Bn. A Co. #28353 Assigned Units/Saipan - (WWII) #17001 Rescue Flotilla 1 (Normandy 1944) VMF-215#30007 1897th Engr. Avn. Bn., C Co, #21642 81st Airdrome Squadron (WWII) #11587 #22659 VMF-218(WWII) #11707 2152nd Comm. Sq. #11807 95th Bomb (H) Grp. (WWII) Assn. B-52's Rescue Tug Sailors Natl Assn (Includes VMF-225 (WWII) #11705 3080th Avn. Dpt. Grp., Caribou AFB #16819 Navy) #14736 VMF-324 (WWII) #11717 . #11981 98th Bomb Gp (B-24) WWII #14824 US Army FS 344 (1945) #12014 VMF-451 (WWII) #11714 3380th Tech Tng. Gp. Radio Ops #76601 114th Avn. Co. ."Knights of the Air" Assn USCG 83489 (1942) #12011 VMF-452 (WWII) #11715 #28366 (Vietnam/Panama) #14099 USCG Cutter Papaw W-308 (WWII) VMF-511 (WWII) #11718 4080th Strat Recon Wing (ALL SQUAD- 136th Radio Security Det #14835 #11424 VMF-512 (WWII) #11719 RONS) #15190 149th Army Airways Comm. Sys. Sq. USCGC Chambers WDE-491 #17047 VMF-513 (WWII) #11722 6415th Inst. Sq. (APO 815, Iwo Jima #14815 USCGC Citrus W-300 (WWII) #28433 VMF-514 (WWII) #11723 1953/55) #21754 301st Bomb Grp., 419th Sq. #21648 USCGC Courier WAGR-410 #22399 VMJ-3 (1953/55) #14770 6925th Radio Grp. Mob. (Philippines 307th Signal Co. Wing - (WWII) #10212 USCGC General Greene (1942/45) VMO-251 (WWII) #11709 1962/63) #11368 325th Ftr. Grp."Checkertails" Assn. (WWII) #21760 VMO-351 (WWII) #11720 7300th Mat. Ctl. Sq. (MDAP), #22757 USCGC Modoc W-46, N. Atlantic Convoys VMO-VMF 155 Ftr Sqd #14747 (France/Germany 1951/54) #21498 334th Ftr Interceptor Sqd, 4th Ftr Wing. (1941/45) #17036 VMSB-231 (WWII) Ace of Spades Sq 7470th HQ Support Sq., NATO Florence, (Kimpo Air Base) #28412 USCGC NIKE WPC-112 (INCLUDES #10940 Italy (1951/54) #22286 344th Signal Co. Wing (Caserta, Italy WPC SAILORS) #14791 VMSB-235 & VMSB-236 (WWII) #14332 Aero Med. Evac. Assn. (Including Attched 1944/45) #20122 USCGC Rockaway WAGO-377/WAVP- VMSB-236 (WWII) #11706 Units) #15134 345th Bomb Grp., 500th Bomb Sq. #20946 377 #22355 VMSB-332 (WWII) #11713 Air Force Postal & Courier Assn. #10869 376th Bomb Grp, 515th Sq #28419 USS Admerial W.L. Capps AP-121 VMTB-134 1st MAW (1943/46) #17153 Class Of 44-A Luke AFB #14729 382nd Bomb Grp, 536/537/538/539th #11369 Foster Field Assn. #21473 Bomb Sqs (WWII) #16985 USS Centaurus AKA-17 #11272 Foster/Aloe Fields, Matagorda Gunnery 394th Bomb Grp., 586th Bomb Sq. #14274 USS Harveson DE-316 (1943/47) #10081 Range #15099 394th Bomb Grp., 587th Bomb Sq. (WWII) USS Key West PF-17 #10431 GEEIA/MDA #14715 #12032 Air Force USS Key West PF-17 WWII #21837 JAG Vietnam Vets Bar Assn. Inc. #22295 413th Ftr. Grp., 34th Ftr. Sq. #18696 USS Lowe DE-325 #21731 Lone Forgotten Squadron Of / 432nd Signal Const Bn #14776 USS Theenim AKA-63 WWII #14773 15th Bomb Sq. #28337 442nd TC Grp (WWII) #16933 2nd AF Hq & Hq Sq, Officers/EM (WWII USS Woonsocket PF-32 (WWII) #10537 ) #14806 Stewart AFB, All Personnel (Smyrna, TN 448th Bmb. Grp., 712th Ord. Sq. (Norwich 2nd AF Hq & HQ Sq, Otficers/EM/Civ 1948/70) #11922 1943-45) #28446 (WWII Spokane WA, CO Springs) USAFE Dl Organization, Schierstein 456th Bomb Grp. Assn. #21723 #14807 Sleuths #14733 474th Ftr. Grp. Assn (WWII) #1 1931 WAF Veterans Assn. #21518 613th AC&W Sq. (Misawa AFB Japan 5th AF, 69th Ftr.Bmbr. Sq., "Werewolves" Merch. Marines Assn. (Korea) #15068 1947/50) #28360 851st Avn. Engr. Bn. #16993 5th AF, 17th Recon. Grp., 71st Recon. Sq. 877th & Sqdn. #11956 #22057 AC W SS Bunker Hill () 1942-44 #22597 877th Sig. Co., 16th ADG #22353 5th AF, 35th Ftr. Cntrl. Grp. #28407 SS James Jackson #1 1894 904th Signal Assn. #16830 5th Mobile Comm. Grp., Vehicle Dispatch Army Air Force Co. Dpt. Avn. SS John Marshall ( 1945) (Vietnam) #22562 929th Signal Bn, 1717th Signal Co. #11873 7th AF, 19th Trp. Carrier Grp. (Hawaii #22962 SS Lounsdale (Liberty Ship WWII) #1 1895 1st BAD (Mary Ann Site 1942/45) #22797 WWII) #28393 1304th Bengal Wing (CBI/Barrackpore, 2nd Airdrome Sq. (WWII) #1 1289 8th AF, 306th Bomb Grp., 369th Sq India) #22858 2nd SAD (Strat. Air Dpt.) Assn. #16861 #22318 1403rd AAF Base Unit, Members of ATC 2ND SAD #21343 8th AFHS (Pennsylvania State Chapter) (Preswick, ) #28396 3rd Emer Rescue Sq, 3rd Emer. Rescue #14737 1901st Engr. Avn. Bn. (Okinawa WWII) Miscellaneous Grp. (S.W. Pacific) #16981 8th Tac Ftr Wing, Avionics Maint Sq #11806 5th AF, 433rd TC Grp., 69th TC Sq. (UBON) #13774 3718th Sq., Fit. 3405 (Air Trng. (1942/45) #22796 14th Air Postal Unit Air Base, 9th AF Assn. (AAF/AF) 1942/Present Cmnd./Lackland AFB 1948) #12040 (Ramey 5th AF, 66th TCS WWII #14767 & Korea 1950/54) #28378 #10800 3718th Sqdrn., Fit. 3407 #12042 5th AF, 13th Bomb Sq. Assn WWII, 3rd Allied Staff, Berlin (USCOB) #22661 9th AF, 362nd Ftr Grp Assn. #14743 Altus Army Airfield 50th Aniv. Assn. Bomb Grp #22224 American Defenders of Bataan & 9th AF, 394th Sig. Co Avn. #28415 #11943 5th AF, 1130th Avn. P. Co. (WWII) #17303 11th Air Force Assn. (Including AAF) M ATC, 1252 AAFBU (, North #28439 Assn. (All #15074 Africa) #14713 China-Burma-India Veterans 5th Bomb Grp. (H) Assn. (WWII) #1 1647 11th Bombardment Gp., (H) Assoc. Aviation Cadets #16820 Branches) #17256 #15172 5th Bomb Grp., WWII South Pacific B-24/B-29 Muroc CA(WWII Vets) #16936 China-Burma-India Vets Assn Of Iowa #16912 13th Bomb Sq. Assn (Korea) "Grim CTD Concord College #21724 #21736 6th AF, 29th Bomb Sqdn. (Galapagos China-Burma-India Vets Of Indiana Reapers" #10387 Liberal Army Airfield (WWII) #14825 Assn 1943/45) #20210 #14834 13th Ftr, Intercept. Sq. #11405 Muroc Air Base, California, 421st #22754 6th Aviation Cadets College Training Det. Staff 15/20th Weather Sqs. FEAF #21375 P-47 Thunderbolt Pilots Assn. (WWII) CINCPAC (Marines/Army/Navy) 15th AF, 2nd Bomb Grp. Assn (1921/47) & Bucknell Univ. #28329 #16839 7th AF, 13th Serv. Grp., 489th Serv. Sq. Dakota (Navy, Marines, Coast Guard) Bull 2nd Bomb Wing (1947/91) #15135 Pampa Army Airfield #18707 #22668 Session IV #21683 28th Bomb Sq. (B-29 CD Okinawa, Pilot Classes 44-H-l-J #10068 7th AF, 1124th Gunnery School (Hickam DCA-Europe #18697 Korean War) #21639 Pilot Class 43-D (All Commands) #16822 42nd Fld.HI 1943/44) #30133 Great SW Vietnam Vets (All Branches) Bomb Sqdn, WPAFB, B-52 Crew Pilot Class 45-B (Maria, Tx & Luke Field, 7th Aircraft Maint. Unit (Floating) #22328 #14803 #14734 Az) #14305 47th Trp Carrier 313 Trp Carrier Grp 7th Tech. Sch. Sq., Barracks 1456 (Truax Kentucky Med Corps & Combat Medics Sq, Pilot Class 43-B (Luke & Williams Fid. AZ) #22511 of #28354 Field 1943/44) #21649 (All Branches Service) #14788 50th College Training Det. Middle 8th AF ,466th Bomb Grp. Assn. #21888 Korean War Veterans Assn. - Eddie Lyons Ga Pilot Class 43-C (W. Coast Trng. Cmd.) College. 1944 #28370 8th AF, 357th Ftr. Grp. Assn. #20294 #22861 Chapter of Fl. #17246 54th Air Disarmament Lechfeld, 8th AF, 92nd Dpt. Repair #14265 LZ Bluegrass Inc (All Vietnam Vets) Sq. WWII Pilot Class 45-C (Maria TX) #11513 Germany #14796 8th AF, 320th Sq. (WWII) #21446 #28432 Pilot Class 44-J (Avn.Cadets-Tulare/ Ft. 8th AF, 93rd Grp. (H), 409th Bomb Survivors Assn. (Invited, All 55th CA Rgt., B Btry., Kamehameha HI Bomb Merced/Pecos 1944) #30013 (WWII) #12004 Sq. #22529 1942 Men & Women Vets) #17288 Pilot Class 45-B Luke Field, Az #28351 55TH Strat. Recon. Wing (M) 14th Air 8th AF, 2006th Ord. Maint. Co. #12057 Command Vets (WWII) Org Pilot Class 42-B #15141 Postal Unit #21448 8th, 12th & 15th AF, 97th Bomb Grp #21738 Tonopah Army Air Field (1941-45) #18708 65th TC Sq. #14741 Assn. (WWII) #10435 Ret. Officers FL Assn. Military/PH 66th Ftr. Interceptor Sq. 10th Air Div. 9th AF Assn. (AAF/AF) #12045 Serv./NOAA Officers (TROA) #1 1967 #28376 9th AF, 394th Bomb Grp., 584th Bomb Sq. Shemya Veterans Assn. (All Branches) 69th Ftr. Bomb Sq. (Korea) #28350 (WWII) #16831 #22945 75th Air Dpt. Wing (1952/56) #15050 9th Photo Tech Sqd. (Guam 1945/46) Coast Guard St. Anthony of Padua Grammer School 95th Bomb Grp (B-17s over Berlin) #28427 (Brooklyn NY) 1953*14818 #28357 13th AF, 42nd Bomb Grp. (M), 100th Sq. U.S.T.D.C #14827 99th Bomb Grp. (H) #15147 Underage Service Veterans #22043 301st Air Serv. Grp., HQ & HQ Sq. #22298 19th Bomb Grp. Assn. #10598 Vietnam Helicopter Pilots Assn. #17258

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION "How I Conquered

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Where Clifford brags in his 1991 memoir, so great a cost on the battlefield into a Roosevelt and Truman could count on Counsel to the President, that from the crushing strategic defeat. the steadfastness of their national secu- first he set out to "impress upon the advisers, let rity Johnson was down by President that our posture is basically those he trusted. so impossible that we have to find some Eleven years after Johnson's death, way out." and 16 years after the Tet Offensive, But as historian Lewis Sorley notes, IN THE FIELD Continued page 22 Defense Secretary Robert S. McNama- "Far from convincing Johnson, Clifford from ra, LBJ's principal military adviser, simply hamstrung him." As Sorley con- up for the Viet Cong losses, but they confessed that as early as 1965 or 1966, cludes, "It is one thing to seek to influ- couldn't replace the experience, organi- even as the American buildup in Viet- ence the formulation of policy, quite an- zation and local knowledge the Viet nam began, he believed the war "could other to faithlessly undermine that poli- Cong possessed. not be won militarily." cy once formulated. Clifford represents The Americans in Saigon dimly per- The comparison with his counter- himself as being very proud of doing ceived that something like this was part, North Vietnam's Defense Minister the latter." happening. They responded with a de- Vo Nguyen Giap, is deadly. Where Mc- It was the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) termined campaign to win control of Namara's will to win was broken at the who struck the killing blow. Rather rural Vietnam and to smash the Viet very beginning, Giap "spoke of fight- than bolster Johnson in the wake of the Cong's remaining forces. Between 1969 ing ten, fifteen, twenty, fifty years un- Tet Offensive, the JCS further under- and 1971, the Americans and their til final victory," journalist Stanley mined his will and resolve. South Vietnamese allies came as close Karnow noted. In the wake of the attack on the USS as they would ever come to winning the Adding insult to injury, in the Aug. Pueblo by the North Koreans, and with battle for the countryside. 1992, issue of Newsweek McNamara 3, a crisis appearing to develop in Berlin, Yet the Americans and the South acknowledged that even as he was send- the JCS had come to believe that mobi- Vietnamese were never able to turn ing American troops into a war he be- lizing the reserves wr i necessary to their advantage to decisive victory. The lieved could not be won, he was kissing bolster the Vietnam-depleted U.S. Viet Cong stubbornly hung on, though up to the leaders of the anti-war move- strategic reserves. hounded by government security forces The Joint Chiefs could have made a and beset by heavy casualties and sup- straight-forward request for additional ply shortages. manpower to meet these strategic re- When American troop withdrawals Missing A quirements. They also could have told began in 1969, the Viet Cong and Johnson that Vietnam was not as bad as North Vietnamese again challenged Buddy From it seemed. Saigon's control. Instead, they chose to argue for more If the United States had only been The Military? troops by portraying the war in Viet- more patient and slowed or halted the nam as much worse than it really was. withdrawal of its forces during 1969 They used Tet as a pretext to force Lost friends want to hear and 1970, would the stalemate have Johnson to mobilize the reserves. continued? Or would Saigon have even- from you. For help finding And they double-dealed Gen. tually found a road to victory? them, call Find People Fast. William C. Westmoreland, the U.S. The Saigon government seemed no We'll search our 130 million commander in the field, as well. more able in 1970 or 1971 to end cor- listings and provide matching In a visit to Saigon, JCS Chairman, ruption and win the loyalty of the peo- Earle G. Wheeler, convinced names, addresses and listed Gen. ple than it had in 1967 and 1968. And Westmoreland to request an additional the cost of maintaining the stalemate phones. Most searches cost just 206,000 troops, which could be used to continued to be too high. Almost as $17.50. No match? No charge. take the offensive in Vietnam. When he many Americans died in Vietnam in And for every paid search by briefed the President, however. Wheeler 1969 as in 1967; and the casualties for a veteran we'll make a donation made no mention of this new strategy. 1970, the last year that sizable numbers to the National Coalition for Rather, he painted a gloomy picture of of U.S. troops remained in Vietnam, the situation in Vietnam. still almost equaled those of 1966. Homeless Veterans. But these stratagems didn't work. In- Both sides won and lost in the battles Call Find People Fast toll- deed, they backfired. Instead of precip- of '68 and '69, of which Tet was the free now. Dial 1-800-829-1807. itating a reserve call-up, they triggered decisive kickoff. The communists lost a major re -evaluation of the war. some of their most effective forces and When the request for 206,000 more weakened their hold on the countryside. men was leaked to the press, the fate of But they succeeded in getting the

Vietnam was sealed. The public saw it American public to impose a time limit as proof-positive that they had been lied for U.S troops in Vietnam. The Ameri- to and that Tet had not been a victory cans gained a military edge on the bat- as claimed, but a devastating military tlefield, but they were never able to es- defeat. Why else the enormous request cape that time limit.

52 THE AMERICAN LEGION ing next to your bed. Everything hurts, yet in a perverse Special FREE SCREAMING way, you welcome the pain. It's real. It guarantees you are alive. You remem- Continuedfrom page 22 offer for senior ber where you were hit and you try to firefight stops, and the jungle lies quiet. reach down, but the nurse grabs your seeps into your gut, in spite of citizens. Fear hands. "Take it easy, soldier," she says, the the soothing apathy induced by and her voice is like heaven. A NordicTrack® painkiller. You wonder who won. You try to ask her if you have any cross-country above in ski Would a VC face appear you a legs left, but all you can do is croak. machine moment? Would the last thing you see Yet, she understands. She tells you gives you total- body exercise, which be a dirty 18-inch bayonet as it sank you're OK and gives you a tiny drink of into your guts? something. She pats your arm, smiles fitness experts agree is the of the best kind for aerobic Unbidden, memory Lome and says, "Now, I have to go look after conditioning and weight pops into your mind. You remember the guys that are really hurt." loss. NordicTrack is how your squad found him, dangling You force your lips to move. "Did we safe, enjoyable from a tree, his testicles in his mouth win?" to use, and as and his lips sewn together. You remem- She smiles as she turns to leave. • easy as walking. ber his eyes. They were open, and even "You kicked their ass, troop. You in death the horror showed through. As kicked their ass." Models pricedfrom $29995 to $1,2999S he choked to death, his last view of the world was the jungle and "Charlie." The memory rips through your ordiclrack m A CML Company mind as the shooting starts again. Senior Citizens (62+): You find hidden strength fueled by Call nowfor a 30-day in-home trial terror, and stagger to your feet. Smoke, Taps notices are limited to only those Legionnaires who have held high national or department offices, we regret Ask about our special offer! dust, screaming and cursing surround that we cannot extend the honor to all members. you. The din engulfs you and batters Ext. Dr. William J. Denton. PR Department Adjutant (1956- you like a hurricane. Fear cauterizes 57), Department Vice Commander (1958-60). 1-800-328-5888 127B3 Donald H. Janssen.KS Department Commander (1965-66). your wounds as you seek the enemy. or write: NordicTrack, Dept. 127B3, Rankin E. Mathis Jr.JN Department Judge Advocate 104 Peavey Road, Chaska, MN 55318 The rifle in your hand snaps and (1953-54), Department Vice Commander, (1958-59), Department Commander (1960-61). chatters. The air is filled with angry Herman H. Spohn.GA Department Vice Commander

steel bees. (1961-63), Department Commander (1963-64). © 1993 NordicTrack, > < M! i Minp.inv Ml n^hls ix'scn cd "Get down!" a voice howls and you stare down at the guy blankly. He reaches up, grabs your pistol belt and jerks you to the ground. A grenade plops into the dust next TWO BIKES IN ONE! to you. Without thinking, you toss it back. The detonation is lost among Discover Year-Round the concussions of half a dozen other explosions. Fitness With NordicTrack's Someone down the line screams, Fitness Bike™.

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| Please send me a free brochure pact, but your arms don't obey. When el-padded O seat. I C3 Also a VHS videotape you hit, everything goes blank. 1 NAME You don't remember being loaded on TO ORDER OR FOR MORE INFORMATION CALl: STREET. the Medivac, but you vaguely recall a CITY long hallway and tense voices. Your 1-800-858-BIKE 6Y0B3 I STATE ZIP first clear thought comes when you ©1993 NordicTrack. Inc., A CML Company • All rights reserved. I

PHONE ) open your eyes and find a nurse stand- (

FEBRUARY 1993 53 1

louder than usual and were literally Of course none of this was true. The whipping the noisy crowd into a fren- Viet Cong were ordered out of the jun- IN HANOI zied mob. gle to launch a attack and as Continuedfrom page 23 For three or four weeks we had been a result were decimated as a fighting aware that something unusual was hap- force. This meant, among other things, side the heavy iron door of the Zoo pening. A steady stream of ancient that there would be no internal opposi- Annex, we'd been getting "short ra- trucks lumbered past the camp 24 tion to Hanoi's brutal conquest of the tions" for several months. The twice-a- hours a day, no doubt loaded with war South later on. day, 10-gallon soup pail got to our cell materiel and headed south. Falling As the lie of Tet went unanswered, first and, since they had no soup ladle, chunks of plaster from our crumbling we knew that the only domino which the guards would tip the rusty pail and ceiling dislodged by the concussions of really mattered in this war—the one pour the gray-green soup into our heavy artillery had forced us to crawl which would set off a chain reaction of chipped metal bowls. Whatever vegeta- under our board beds on more than one defeatism—was American public opin- bles were there had sunk to the bottom occasion. ion. Now it had begun to teeter. We and all the three of us ever got was the We also knew SAM missiles and sensed a new power. We were amazed thin watery liquid on top. 100-millimeter guns now ringed our to see our leftist cliches work their way How we yearned for one of the camp. Here they could fire with im- into the mainstream media. pieces of potato, or one of the slivers of punity at U.S. aircraft, whose pilots Before the spring of 1968, only a few fatback we knew had to be at the bot- would never bomb a POW camp. journalists would have printed (as Har- tom of the pail. We had laughed the day Even the guards, who always reflect- rison Salisbury did) North Vietnamese Metzger picked up a fuzzy black cater- ed in their attitudes toward us the offi- press handouts as truth. But afterward, pillar, bit it in half, and unselfishly of- cial word they got at the nightly politi- misreporting of the war became perva- fered me the other half. We had cal rallies, confirmed that something sive and systematic. laughed, but we ate the much-needed unusual was afoot. Most importantly, after the events of protein. "We defeat U.S. imperalists!" the the spring of 1968, a devel- Preoccupied as we were with antici- guard we called WTG (World's Tallest oped between the hard Left, with its pation of our coming Tet "feast," we Gook) had shouted with a smirk one newborn fantasies of revolutionary vio- didn't notice the commotion outside the day as he strode by our cell. lence, and Left liberals who wheeled camp until the chanting voices grew to "War over soon!" said another guard their baby strollers to mass marches a loud roar. Then we realized that the we called BO Plenty for obvious reasons. and claimed that all they wanted was to loudspeakers lining the street, which The perennial optimist, I'd decided give peace a chance. usually piped propaganda to the citi- all the signs said we'd be going home Both factions had decided that it was zenry for an hour every evening, were soon, and I so informed my cellmates. the centrists, not the right wingers, who Mercifully, we didn't foresee that we were the enemy in America's political would be there five long years after this culture. They collaborated to make sure The Last first lunar new year in captivity, and that this center could not hold when that the 1968 Tet Offensive would be a they descended on the Democratic Silver of major turning point in the Vietnam Convention in Chicago. Imperial China War. This was our Tet, the defeat that be- \i^M4 came a victory by interpretation. It was ^ ^ the exact moment when we killed the Democratic Party, which had been the AT HOME center of balance and gravity during the postwar years. We inhabited its Continuedfrom page 23 corpse and remade it in our image. rhapsodizing about their "rice roots For the hard-core Left looking for an democracy," the hard-core Left had excuse to begin the revolution, Tet was been working for the victory of the en- a goad to action. For the liberal Left emy, meeting with NLF (National Lib- preening in its moral superiority, Tet eration Front) representatives in was the halfway house it entered as an- Czechoslovakia in 1967, and periodi- ti-war and exited as anti-American. Legendary 1890-1911 Silver cally traveling to Havana to coordinate The images of Tet, so compelling at "Dragon" Dollars strategy. the time they were flashing across the Historic treasures from the romantic silk- We saw the Viet Cong as more than screen of our national consciousness, and-spice "China Trade" era, these magnificent silver "Dragon" dollars were the last issued a guerrilla force. They were also an create a different feeling now. Looking under the Ch'ing dynasty in the twilight of all-purpose metaphor for the power at them and knowing what was to come Imperial China. Their high silver content of the individual against the bullet- after, I understand better than ever the matched the largest silver trade dollars of West- em nations, and their intricate Dragon design headed technocrats like Defense Secre- extent to which the Left in this country symbolized bounty and China's ancient culture. tary Robert MacNamara, who ran The was then the tunnel at the end of the Only a tiny fraction has survived China's turbu- Machine. light. lent 20th century. Only $39 each, 5 for $175 or 10 for$350. Order #6702. Add $2 forpostage. Each And we regarded Tet as the most big 39mm original coin contains 27 gms. of .900 daring of their wily existential maneu- silver. To order by credit card, call toll-free vers. Cities across the country were 1-800-451-4463 at any time. Or send a check or falling; the United States had lost money order to: International Coins & Cur- con- rency, Inc., 11 E State St., Box 218, Dept. 2649, trol in rural areas; the South Viet- Montpelier, 05601. Money-back guarantee VT namese forces were caving in; and Khe

— 30-day home examination. | 2649 Sanh was another Dien Bien Phu.

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION ! 1

early days in and Guadal- canal. The insight and understanding LIFE MEMBERSHIPS VETVOICE displayed in the articles proved the Continuedfrom page 6 Life Membership notices are published for Legion- S. Wheeler, Pub- competence of Daniel naires who have been awarded Life Memberships by their lisher and Editor-in-Chief. posts. Life membership notices must be submitted on official I was surprised to learn that he forms which may be obtained by sending a self-addressed, hadn't served in New Guinea during stamped envelope to: Life Memberships, The American Legion Magazine, P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 by applying glib "labels" to their non- wartime. My compliments on the im- Clarence H. Myers (1992) Post 224, Ticonderoga, NY favorite candidates instead of respectful proved vitality and substance of The Donald J. Murray (1989), James J. Quigley (1992) Post 334, Floral Park, NY titles; by completely ignoring many American Legion magazine. John L. Adsit (1992) Post 1627, Shokan, NY newsworthy events; and by endlessly Donovan M Kramer Sr. Jack Bland, George Lewis (1992) Post 1718, Carle Place, NY quoting think tanks that cater to their Casa Grande, Ariz. Hugh Hacker (1992) Post 1992, Berea, NY own viewpoints. Martha M. Viherek (1992) Post 19, N. Scituate, Rl Brad Thompson (1992) Post 240, Stephenville, TX Joan E. Battey David B. Peterson (1992) Post 410, Lakehills, TX Apalachin, N. Y. Article Hits A Homer Virgil V. Zajicek (1991) Post 220, Soldiers Grove, Wl Thank you for the interesting and Frank M. Alarcon, Ralph V. Gaughan, Nick Gonzales, Charles L. Law, Charles H. Niemeyer, George A. Post, Hits It I would like the press to find out exciting article "Newbury Park Rolin F. Young (1991) Post 469, Yucca Valley, CA Thad Nance Post 589, Salinas, CA more about the way politicians do busi- Big" (November). Newbury Park is an (1992) Robert A. Biggs (1992) Post 795, South Lake Tahoe, CA the ness, not about their personal lives. For outstanding team, winning champi- Claude Albert (1992) Post 2, Bristol, CT Fairfield, CT example, the press should investigate onship in only their second year of Charles S. Sterback (1992) Post 74, Robert T. Guilbeault, William N. Poprosky (1992) Post their decisions evaluate competition in American Legion Base- Moosup, CT more of and 91 , Edward D. Barry (1992) Post 156, East Haddam, CT their effectiveness in office. ball. William Fensch, Joseph W. Seaward (1993) Post 7, Jamie Rubison It was also amazing that so many Clearwater, FL Lonnie Van Horn Post 5, Rome, GA Shelbina, Mo. players received awards. I hope to see (1992) Virgil Penton, Merle I. Robison (1992) Post 210, Anita, IA more articles like it. Lambert N. Erpelding (1992) Post 41, Wendell, ID John Brown L. E. Bolt, Henry D. Hebert, James C. Stippich (1971) Post 49, Emmett, ID Shelbina, Unequal For All Mo. Paul F. Bann, William M. Flanagan (1992) Post 321, New Baden, IL I am furious about the "equalization" Roger D. Johnson (1992) Post 1231, Lake In The Hills, IL bill that would make widows' Depen- Correction Eugene Cross, Everett Dudley, Robert Larrowe, dency and Indemnity Compensation George A. Wingate (1991) Post 437, Selma, IN In Big Issues (December), Rep. Pat- Chester Carr, David Chase, Carl J. Elovitz (1992) Post Lexington, KY (DIC) base monthly payments $750. sy T. Mink's party affiliation was in- 8, Eugene Vaillencourt (1992) Post 67, , MA This loss is very painful. correctly listed. She is a Democrat. Jeanne N. Libey (1992) Post 550, Onsted, Ml We are now entitled to no more than the bride of a basic recruit. Is this equalization? What next? Is Congress going to "equalize" all congressmen's pensions 1,000 STAMPS $2.95 to $750? Will a one-term congress- men's pension be the same as someone GUARANTEED WORTH OVER $30 AT INTERNATIONAL CATALOG PRICES/ who's been in office for many years? Ho, ho, ho. Betty Turner San Antonio

Eyeing The Budget The article "Eyes in the Sky" (De- cember) raises the question do we need the Cyclops satellite system? I say yes, but why does the U.S. taxpayer always ARGEflTINA foot the bill when a defense system protects many other countries? REWARD Robert J. Fay KENMORE, Milford OM-808, N.H. 03055 Middletown, Ohio YOURSELF NOW! I I 90-DAY MONEY-BACK GUARANTEE A great opportunity to increase the value of IF NOT DELIGHTED I your present collection or to start a new one. | YES/ I enclose $2.95. Rush me your 1,000 All- You get 1 ,000 all-different stamps from over Different U.S.A. and Foreign Postage Stamps New Guinea Kudos 55 countries — everything you need to enjoy | | (guaranteed worth over $30 at International Your coverage of the WWII battles the fun and fascination of collecting postage | | — Catalog prices/) Plus valuable Finder's Guide and . in New Guinea was exemplary ("The stamps World's Most Rewarding Hobby/ I Collectors' Catalog. I'll be glad to receive other! GREA T FA MIL Y FUN! J Legion Remembers," September). As a highly-prized Selections of Stamps from your' I 10-day Free Examination Shop-at-Home Approval I veteran of a year's service in New "FINDER'S GUIDE TO I — 1 I Service from which may purchase any or none I Guinea during World War II and a RARE AND VALUABLE | return balance — with option to cancel Service | POSTAGE STAMPS". This fascinating il- Offer Per Family) lifelong journalist, I was delighted by | anytime. (Limit One Advertised \ lustrated booklet will enable you to tell at a the articles, photography and general glance how to Recognize Valuable Postage I Name I layout. Stamps — stamps once considered relatively Address common and now worth up to hundreds and Many forgot that the enemy was thousands of dollars each/ ^City, State, Zip stopped and turned back during those

FEBRUARY 1993 55 |'.1

Similarly, "big events need big dra- PLOTS THICKEN matic causes," says Gilovich. "Most of the conspiracy theories deal with big Continuedfrom page 31 events, like the assassination of JFK. You just need something bigger in mag- nitude than the fact that there's this low- life character who one day in Dallas out of him because his illegal activities changed the course of U.S. history by have been overexposed... so President himself." Bill Clinton will execute Trilateral poli- Corroborating evidence is another cies after January," says Patterson. snafu in reasoning, says Gilovich. See- "The conspiracy can't be foiled. ing what we want to see and ignoring

A "Country Classic" ... the Rcoster Weathervane.. They've got the country by the throat." what we don't is standard operating Our full color version stands almost 3 FEET TAUI Sacramento psychologist Terence procedure. and measures 171/2" across. Specially crafted for: us with heavy-duty metal mounting hardware andl Sandbek says conspiracy theories are Are more babies born under full weatherproof hi-impact materials. Easy to assem-J ble hardware adapts to any angle roof. AttachesI very appealing to many people. moons? Do infertile couples who adopt to porch, fence or mail box too. Can be mounted" underlying reason a child increase their pole for . "One people on (included) your yard or garden . . 1 1 be- odds of becoming makes a charming garden accent! And it really' lieve in conspiracies is a need to have pregnant? Statistically no. But people does work . . . tells which way the wind is blow-l ing.' Look at the price — An old fashioned bargain!' things neat and tidy," says Sandbek, tend to remember a few extraordinary No. 8143X—Rooster Weathervane $16,951 No. 8147X-Schooner Weathervane $16.95' who has studied beliefs in ephemeral cases and overlook the norm. Same is ideas such as astrology and ESP (ex- true in conspiracy thinking. VETERANS SHOWCASE) trasensory perception). "There is a "If some bit of evidence threatens strong drive in most people to avoid your position, you look at it very hard ambiguity. Zealots among the conspira- and find the flaws," says Gilovich. "You cy people see the world in terms of don't look equally hard at evidence black and white, us and them. You can which supports your position." see how that fits with this need for total lack of ambiguity." Since Kennedy's assassination, Besides, he says, "you read nonfic- Americans have been awestruck at tion about the inner workings of gov- the seemingly paranormal parallels

ernment agencies like the CIA" and it in the lives of Kennedy and Abraham doesn't require much of a leap of faith Lincoln (Kennedy's secretary's name to think historic events have large or was Lincoln; Lincoln's secretary's name mysterious causes instead of idiosyn- was Kennedy, etc.). Hardwood Frame cratic or mundane ones. Gilovich says remarkable coinci- Create your own special "memory boi". Our showcase displays But psychologist Thomas Gilovich dences typically undermine rational and protects your most treasured momentos for all to see. Holds medals, pins, watches any object up to W thick Clear glass front suspects unfounded conspiracy think- thinking. "The lives of those two Presi- with plush black fabric background. Free black pushpins for ing arises for the same reason any ra- dents are very complex, and if you kick mounting. Wall hangers for horizontal or vertical hanging. Thick bevelled HARDWOOD FRAME has a buffed oak-tone finish. Perfect tional person might believe in some- over it seriously enough you're going to gift for a "buddy vet", bride to be and graduate or collector. Fine thing that's not true flawed find some pieces that match," says. quality price. — reasoning. he at a value No. 7035D Hardwood 9W'« UV Frame $14.95 "Even when we are trying to be as "People fail to realize some coinci- No. 7036D Hardwood Frame $1695 12V»"« BW unbiased as possible, we don't always dences that seem improbable are really Locomotive Alarm Clock get the story right," says Gilovich, a quite common." I Wakes You To Real Train Sounds! professor of social science at Cornell Statistics classes in colleges nation- I University and author of We wide typically demonstrate the coinci- » oo-Choo" "IVn, How Know ch sf/e I What Isn 't So: The Fallibility of Human dence phenomenon using birthdate I Reasoning in Everyday Life. probabilities, he says.

I "At the turn of the century, there Asked to weigh the probability that were a lot of editorials in newspapers at least two people in a random group laughing at harebrained Walter Reed of 23 people would share the same and questioning how a tiny mosquito birthday most people are surprised to could be responsible for the terrible learn the odds are 50-50. They also are malaria plague in . Peo- shocked to find out that in a group of

ple looked at the evidence and got it 35 the odds of matching birthdays is 85

Clang" | wrong," Gilovich says. percent.

1 1 Sleep through ! this? NO WAY When alarm goes off you hear all I One reason people frequently get it If anything feeds conspiracy think- the clanking, whistling and chuging of a good old fashioned steam it's engine. If that's not enough, a conductor hollers out "1 - 2 -3 Now I wrong is because of what Gilovich calls ing until bloated with faulty conclu- Wake Up"! And there's more, a Hashing red head light blinks! "representational bias" in thinking. Just sions, it's the hearsay bias that is a nor- on and off. The precision QUARTZ MOVEMENT is powered by 3 AA | Batteries. Luminous hand and markings, large easy to read face. as public opinion doubted an insect mal attribute of the thought processes. Measures 9" long by 5" high. A great desk clock too! J could cause a devastating epidemic, That happened two years ago when No. 5044-Locomotive Alarm Clock $29.99 j "there's an intuition that causes should viewers called a special phone line Save on Gift! Two Only $55 TV — — — —— — —J — — — — resemble their effects," he says. for The Phil Donahue Show. It was set Mail Order with check, cash or money order. Include $3.65 J postage & handling fee (non-refundable). Allow 3-6 weeks In daily trivial life, this mispercep- up to dismiss the rapidly spreading ru- delivery. All merchandise shipped under no risk, 30 day home tion leads to such mistaken notions that mor that the president of the Procter & trial. NYS residents must include local sales tax. Send order to: I people with congestion and colds Gamble Co. had appeared on the talk FOSTER-TRENT INC., DEPT. 200 B I shouldn't drink milk, or greasy-faced show on March 1, 1991, and admitted [29 Beechwood ^..jJew^od^lMnOSOl^eSlSj teenagers shouldn't eat potato chips. that "a large portion of the profits"

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION — "

from corporate sales go to support the so-called secret power structure—tends Why become obsessed with a politi- Church of Satan. to be inept and just slightly less disor- cally paralyzing theory then? Why be- Procter & Gamble denied it. The ganized than the rest of us, he explains. lieve AIDS is a "designer disease" cre- Donahue show stated unequivocally the "The nature of their capability is ated by government scientists to wipe telecast never happened. "If your fami- not such that they could pull off a out gays, drug abusers and blacks? Or

ly and friends say they've seen it, they conspiracy." that a worldwide "cosmopolitan" con- are quite mistaken" was the response To think otherwise can prove disem- spiracy plans to abolish national identi- the phone callers got. But the company powering, warns Domhoff. "It is ab- ty? Or that the disintegration of the So- still fields calls about the rumor. solutely debilitating to any kind of po- viet Union is a KGB master plan for Company spokeswoman Ann Jene- litical action. It makes the average per- catching the United States off guard? mann Smith connects the Donahue son feel hopeless and helpless. There is "For conspiracy thinkers, everything hoax to a 12-year bout the conservative no possibility of changing anything be- becomes grist for their particular mill," Cincinnati manufacturer has waged cause the people in power are so clever says Domhoff. "But why? That's the against nameless conspiracy mongers and so totally in charge. $64,000 question." who think they see the devil behind every roll of toilet paper and can of cof-

fee it makes. Rumors claim Procter & Gamble's century-old man-in-the-moon logo symbolizes the company is in league with the devil. In July 1991, the company finally had to redesign its logo to eliminate the STOMACH curls in the man-in-the-moon's beard that some people saw as three sixes the Antichrist designation, 666. "We really don't know how this got started,"

says Smith. 'And we don't know why it continues." AGONY? Rumors and conspiracy theories of- UPSET STOMACH? GAS PAINS? SOUR TASTE IN MOUTH? BELCHING? ten make much ado of unsubstantiated SIMPLE INTESTINAL IRRITATIONS? ON A COLITIS OR ULCER DIET?* testimony. Try FOR AMAZING RELIEF with One brewer of a popular Mexican beer found that out when it had to FENUGREEK TEA spend thousands of dollars to squelch IS the false hearsay circulating in the FENUGREEK TEA A NATURAL HERB! FENUGREEK is a natural herb that has given results to many when United States that its secret ingredient other methods seemingly failed. It has often been said that was urine. Eyewitness accounts that FENUGREEKTEA is " ACup of Good Health from the Good Earth. smoke appeared above the grassy knoll A cup of this very pleasant tea is taken before meals (and upon when Kennedy was shot convince peo- retiring). This mixes with the food in one's stomach, thus helping to ple without any other proof that a gun absorb by solvency, the poisons that may sometimes foster must have been fired from there. stomach troubles. Itthusoftenactsquicklytohelprelievegaspains, "Every study we have tells us that our acid-indigestion, sourness and belching. The stomach lining is a perceptions and memory of events are series of smal pits. Im- Headaches, backaches, and that tired-out feeling are often caused unreliable, especially of an exciting and purties clng to these by toxic poisons and pockets of impurities in the intestinal tract. pits often causing seri- emotional event with a lot of turmoil," FENUGREEKTEA helps flush out impurities which may have been reports William Domhoff, professor of ^u^KS^ inside you a long time. By helping to dissolve excess mucus, it can wiiottenheiptocieanse psychology and sociology at the Uni- the9e im urlles - helpmakeyourdigestiveorgansfeelsweetandclean. Tryittoday. P versity of California, Santa Cruz. "Yet Being a liquid mucus-solvent, FENUGREEK TEA naturally tends to flush out thick all of them speak with utter certainty, stagnant bile and also to assist flushing of kidneys. If you are constipated, try it a half which is part of the big psychological hour before breakfast. While not a laxative, this may help induce intestinal flushing. dimension of conspiracy theory." *lf your physician has placed you on an ulcer or colitis diet, you'll enjoy the soothing But Domhoff says the lure of con- effects of FENUGREEK TEA spiracy theories goes beyond taking someone's word for it. In fact, it goes to 100% Money Back Guarantee the heart of how we overestimate the Try Fenugreek Herb Tea for just 7 days. If you're not 1 00% satisfied that Fenugreek Herb institutions of our society and the peo- Tea has made you feel better. . .just return the unused portion for a full refund! ple who run them. FE12 "Conspiracy theorists tend to vastly HOW TO ORDER overstate the cleverness of individuals, Send Check or Money Order to: and the cohesion of the groups and the Indiana Botanic Gardens P.O. Box 5. Dept. AMBG foresight that members of the power Hammond. IN 46325 structure allegedly have," says Dom- SPECIAL OFFER! hoff, author of Who Rules America? 1 Pound - $9.95 Reg. $ 13.06 or 250 Tablets - $9.95 Instead of being all-powerful and The liver when sluggish and inactive, Impurities (acid and slime deposits) slows down "bile flow" causing inkidneysarecommoncausesolso- Include $2.00 for shipping grand strategists of worldwide manipu- the headaches and lack of energy. In- called rheumatic and neurit pahs lation, stead of using ottenharmfuHiverplls" and general physical debity. 15 the nature of organizations America Healthy Since try Fenugreek Tea-lfe a natural herb, mies of tubing form the kidneys. "Keeping 19W including the U.S. government and any

FEBRUARY 1993 57 '

One expert, however, predicts more The downsizing will be over. There dire effects of the ROTC downsizing. will be more opportunities for ad- ROTC "In the past, the military could guar- vancement, and quicker advancement." Continuedfrom page 29 antee an active duty slot for qualified Figuring into the officer-production ROTC cadets," says retired Army Col. equation are the services' two other Robert F. Collins, author of Reserve Of- sources for military leaders: the mili- ficer Training Corps, a comprehensive tary academies at West Point, Annapo- slot, I went to airborne school and par- guide on how to become a military offi- lis and Colorado Springs, and the offi- ticipated in the Ranger Challenge cer without attending a service academy. cer candidate schools (OCS) for enlist- Team," says cadet Nathan Remaly, a "Well, they can't make that guarantee ed people. But ROTC generates more 20-year-old junior at Indiana Universi- anymore," Collins declares. "The draw- new Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine

ty. "You have to earn active duty; you down will make it more difficult for Corps officers than any other source. don't just get it." ROTC to attract qualified people be- Although the military academies are But, competition is so tough that cause they can't guarantee active duty." prestigious, the U.S. military has drawn many ROTC graduates may not receive Yet, some observers expect things to from the ranks of ROTC graduates for their first choice of duty. return to normal once the downsizing some of its greatest leaders for more "My biggest concern for myself and is complete. than 75 years. Today their numbers in- my peers is not having a career in the "I see the pendulum swinging back," clude Army Gen. Colin L. Powell, military, but getting the occupational says Air Force Col. Tom Trotta, a Uni- chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff; slots we want," says Sam Valencia, a versity of Tennessee avionics professor. Army Chief of Staff Gen. Gordon R. 23-year-old senior NROTC midship- "By the time these kids get commis- Sullivan; Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. man at the University of Southern Cali- sioned, the Air Force will be smaller. Merrill McPeak; and Commandant of fornia. "I want to enter the field of in-

telligence and linguistics, but I don't know if the slot will be available." Indiana University senior Mike MEDALS FOR MERIT Grundman, a 21-year-old cadet captain, says he is concerned about his active- RECOGNIZING the nation's out- for admission to the sophomore duty status. standing ROTC cadets has long ROTC courses. Silver medals are "I've thought about the downsizing a been a significant program of The awarded to sophomores who are for, lot. It worries me," he says. "But if you American Legion. qualified or are participating in, In the four alone, want to go active, you can. It's a matter past years Le- junior ROTC courses. Gold medals of participating in the extra camps." gion Posts have awarded an average are available to juniors who are of 10,000 ROTC medals a year to qualified for, or those participating deserving cadets and midshipmen in, senior ROTC courses. Presenting... nationwide. "It's very rewarding to be recog- The DR* FIELD and The medals are among the few nized by the Legion for academic non-Department of Defense awards success," says Jim Eadie, who re- BRUSH MOWER permitted to be worn on ROTC uni- ceived a Legion ROTC medal for -the amazing walk-behind "brush hog" thal- forms. academic excellence from Post 322 CLEARS & MAINTAINS meadows, The Legion's commitment to the of Clinton, Mich. Eadie, a 21-year- pastures, woodlots, wooded and rough ROTC program was reaffirmed as old University of Michigan senior, non-lawn areas with ease. CUTS tall H recently as the 1990 National 3.91 grade point average out of grass, weeds, brambles, tough brush Con- has a and saplings up to 1" thick. vention in Indianapolis, where dele- a possible 4.0. CHOPS/MULCHES most gates passed Res. 383 urging Con- Legionnaires are recognized for everything it cuts. Leaves gress to their program, too. every NO TANGLE of brush to pick up support ROTC programs medals At like hand-held brushcutters and through adequate funding. National Convention since 1975, the mowers. for sickle-bar Perfect "ROTC's leadership-producing Legion awards the Paul H. Griffin low-maintenance wild/lower meadows, European-style qualities and cost effectiveness ROTC trophy to the Departments woodlots, walking paths, has been proved time and again whose Posts award the highest num- or any area you only throughout the years. High school ber of medals. want to mow once a month or once a j&rr and collegiate ROTCs deserve the The Departments recognized last season! gf Jj support of all Americans," says year as the top ROTC medal-givers William O. Moore Jr., Chairman were Alaska, Delaware, Florida and of the Legion's National Security Puerto Rico. Commission. Moore urges Posts to begin There are two kinds of Legion ROTC medals programs, and for * (Bool ROTC medals—one honors military Posts that already have programs, to achievement, the other academic increase their involvement with [please mail this coupon TODAY for complete FREE] units. DETAILS of the DR» FIELD and BRUSH MOWER achievement. In each of those two ROTC [ including prices, specifications, and "Off-Season" categories, students can receive For more information about the I Savings now in effect There is no obligation. I bronze, silver or gold Legion ROTC Legion's ROTC medals program, medals. write: The American Legion, Na- Bronze medals are awarded to tional Security/Foreign Relations high school seniors or to college Division, 1608 K St. N.W., Washing-

To: Country Home Products', Dept. 49302F ROTC freshmen who have qualified ton, DC 20006. — T.D.D. L _ FerryJ^oadj Box ^.^arjotte^VT 05445 J

58 THE AMERICAN LEGION r the Marine Corps Gen. Carl E. Mundy. people into the military officer corps," because of the Pentagon's ban on ho- In fact, only two current members of says Lawrence Korb, a military person- mosexuals serving in uniform. Accord- the Joint Chiefs of Staff are not ROTC nel expert at the Washington, D.C.- ing to the American Civil Liberties graduates. based Brookings Institute and a former Union, in the past two years, about 60 "ROTC is the best way to become an assistant secretary of defense. colleges and universities have chal- officer," says Damian Tsoutsouris, a 17- "They enforce the idea that the U.S. lenged the ban. year-old Indiana University freshman military is composed of citizen-sol- One example is Alfred University in the Army ROTC program. diers," Korb says. in Alfred, N.Y. In November 1991, ROTC is also a rewarding way to pay Most of the time, ROTC cadets are the university's faculty voted to elimi- for college. typical college students. Once graduat- nate academic credit for ROTC classes This year, out of the more than ed, these students become the majority until the Department of Defense 60,000 students enrolled in ROTC of officers in the U.S. military, Korb (DoD) rescinds the prohibition against classes, about 20 percent are on schol- says. homosexuals. arships that pay all or some of their col- Despite the controversy, DoD main- lege tuitions. More than 20,000 ROTC ROTC is also the most cost-effective tains that homosexuality is incompatible students are college juniors and seniors officer production program, train- with military service and that ROTC who expect to be commissioned second ing more officers for less money will continue to provide most of the na- lieutenants or ensigns. Most who re- per officer than the service academies. tion's military leaders for years to come.

ceive money toward their education For example, in fiscal year 1991 , the Lt. Col. Kryway made that point in from ROTC owe eight years of service, Air Force Academy commissioned 977 his retirement speech at Indiana Uni- often a combination of active duty, Re- officers at a training and education cost versity. As an IU graduate himself, serve, Guard or Individual Ready Re- of about $246,000 per officer. Mean- Kryway mused that somewhere among serve assignments. while, the AFROTC commissioned the ranks of the freshmen in IU sweat- For some students, ROTC helps 2,123 officers at a cost of about shirts and the seniors in Army fatigues make college afforable. University of $58,000 per officer. was his future replacement. Michigan junior Jim Eadie couldn't af- The services' Officer Candidate As the ceremony ended, the cadets ford his school's more than $7,000 Schools, which train enlisted members lined up to officially greet their new yearly out-of-state tuition without his to be officers, are the least costly. But commander. The nation's colors had Air Force ROTC scholarship. they commission relatively few officers been passed — to a newer, leaner "I plan on a military career in the compared to ROTC. ROTC. The challenge will be to make

medical field," says Eadie, whose 3.91 Despite ROTC's advantages, it still certain the quality goes in before the grade point average out of a possible faces problems on college campuses bars go on. 4.0 earned him an American Legion ROTC medal for academic excellence. In exchange for ROTC's financial as- sistance, cadets such as Eadie face 5 a.m. physical training and five-mile in to Save marches addition the usual Money midterms and research papers. on Solid Hardwood Furniture As a trade off for their commitment, they receive two-, three- or four-year DO-IT-YOURSELF KITS scholarships, depending on the branch Now, you can furnish your with the very of service they choose. home finest solid furniture, For example, a full four-year scholar- cherry and oak and ship in Army ROTC will pay $8,000 clocks, at a fraction of retail annually, or 80 percent of tuition, cost. whichever is more; plus a $100-a- Imagine a bedroom in solid month living allowance during the cherry at a cost of hundreds, school year. Veterans also are eligible instead of thousands. to compete for ROTC scholarships. The importance of ROTC programs Picture your living room in to the nation cannot be ignored. Queen Anne Styling. Tables, Historically, it has been the largest Tlp^v. lowboy, secretary desk. All this source of commissioned officers. It has from easy-to-assemble kits and commissioned 600,000 Army officers easy-to-apply finish. since 1920, about 70 percent of all sec- ond lieutenants. Half of the top Army All parts pre-cut. All frames, doors commanders in Operation Desert pre-assembled for you. Storm were ROTC graduates. Send $1.00 for Thousands of satisfied customers. Since 1947, the NROTC program Color Catalog has commissioned 75,689 Navy and EMPEROR Marine Corps officers; and AFROTC, CLOCK COMRVINY some 200,445 officers since 1946. WORLD'S LARGEST MANUFACTURER OF ROTC also supports the concept of GRANDFATHER CLOCK AND FURNITURE KITS City: civilian control of the military. "The Dept. 4601 Emperor Industrial Park nation's ROTCs are vital because they Fairhope, AL 36532 • Tel: 205-928-2316 .Zip: ensure that we get a cross section of

FEBRUARY 1! 59 letter words flying around like "and," A My father was a Baptist minister ART UNKLETTER "the," or "but" used to. - and I received training in morali- ty and ethics from him. It has been a Continued from page 27 Q. Is that a result of the weakened great help to me through the years. I family structure? think the Bible is still a great book to A Absolutely. There's a lack of disci- learn the lessons of life by. . pline and positive role models. When I was 16, 1 became a hobo and interviewed in the '50s and '60s? went out to ride the rails of this coun- A The children I interviewed were Q. With all the problems today, do try. Whenever I got into a tough spot, I . from 4 to 10 years old. The chil- you believe America is in decline? always prayed. My father had alway told dren in those ages today are practically A No, not at all. I'm an optimist in me, "Artie, God will watch out for you, unchanged. They still live in a world of - spite of the fact that we have our and our prayers will follow you," and total absorption with their mothers and problems. I often think back to the re- they have. their fathers. Their lives are their fami- mark made by some great statesman. I lies. You ask, "What does your daddy think it was Churchill. He said democ- Q. You've said senior Americans are and mommy do for fun?" and a little racy is a terrible form of government, one of our most treasured resources, boy will say, "Search me, they always but it just happens to be better than any but they need to stand up for them- lock the door." I once asked a other. I travel a quarter of a million selves. What do you mean by that? 5-year-old boy, "Who is your favorite miles a year around the world. Wherev- A When you are old, you can't be a president?" He said, "Abraham Lin- er I go, people tell me, "Boy, I'd love to sissy. Don't let anyone push you colnletter." live in America." around, including your doctor.

However, from 10 years old and up As I travel through the United States, Today, people over 60 control 75 per- today, the children are vastly different I find honorable, decent, warm people cent of the resources of the country from what they were 25 years ago. who love their families and are the kind through home ownership and their re- Today's children from the upper- of people who come to mind when we tirement programs. Older people now grammar school, junior high school think of Americans. These are the peo- vote in greater percentages than and on have a different kind of lan- ple who are going to win out. They'll younger people do. guage. They become adults too fast be- persevere and they'll be around when The older people have so much influ- cause of the freedom they have. Their the cheap shots have all been forgotten. ence in Washington through AARP language is deplorable. You walk (American Association of Retired Per- through a high school or a junior high Q. How did your early religious up- sons) and other groups that they may school campus and you hear the four- bringing affect your career? very well be tempted to ask for more than they should get, or that the govern- ment can afford. The health demands of 35 million Americans are taking about four-fifths of the catastrophic health money avail- able in this country. We don't know what's going to happen in the years to come as the average person gets to be WHIN Now you can add to your collection SP&IM COMMtKAIWt * the award winning film that chronicles the 85, 90 and 95. events that plunged America into war. 40 years ago war raged on the frozen fields Q. What programs would you insti- from Pusan to Inchon. No other video cov- tute to help seniors? ers the war, from the bloody battles on the A I think seniors primarily need to ground to the dogfights in the sky, like know where the resources are for Korea: The Forgotten War. their problems. Many seniors still don't Forgotten by many, this video stands know about all the state, local and fed- as a tribute to all who served in a violent eral government agencies that will help war fought against a determined enemy. them. The big thing is to get the word 100% authentic combat footage combined out to older people. with the brilliant narration from Robert this of the collectible Stack makes one most Q. Many seniors today are veterans. pieces of history for your entire family. Have you had any dealings with vet- SAVE $ 10.00! erans and active duty personnel? s I've spoken and appeared at many formerly $ 39.98 now only... A 29.98 . benefits for The American Le- Call the toll-free number below to place your order today! gion, of course, and the U.S.O. with Bob Hope and my other friends. Dur-

ing one of the wars, I did radio shows For VISA, MC, Discover orders, call toll-free 24 hours: for the government that were broadcast Ext. I -800-959-006 1 KOREA 2 all world. to military units over the Or send your name, address with check or money order for $19.98 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to: Fusion Video, 100 Fusion Way, Dept. KOREA 2, Country Club Hills, IL 60478. Q. Do you feel America does in funds. Canadian orders must add $5.00 S &. H and pay U.S enough for its veterans? (Please note: Illinois residents must add 7.75% state sales tax.) A No, I don't. I think it's a sad thing. . It does a lot for its veterans, but

60 THE AMERICAN LEGION '

could do more. I have visited hospitals tablish or maintain religious programs. all over the world and talked to wound- MANY FAITHS The 1993 conference will be held Aug. ed men. I think that we can never do 10-11. Continuedfrom page 14 too much for our veterans. For those interested in the pro- gram, The American Legion Chaplains Q. You appear to have endless ener- Handbook is available for 85 cents per gy. Where does it come from? copy or $75 per 100, and The Chap- A I take extremely good care of my- "TFA is a great way to spread the lain 's Prayer Manual is $ 1 per copy. . self. I apparently have good genes word about the Legion," says Horner, a Write: The American Legion Nation- because I've never been very sick. I WWII Army veteran who preached for al Americanism Commission, P.O. never smoked and only drank moder- 18 years after leaving the service. "I al- Box 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206.

ately. I have always exercised. ways make sure to have some member- —by T Douglas Donaldson

I spend six weeks skiing in the ship application forms in the car when mountains of Sun Valley, Vail, Aspen I travel." and Steamboat Springs. I exercise, In his second year as Department watch what I eat and don't get over- Chaplain, Horner says another of his COMRADES IN DISTRESS weight. I also work on my attitude and projects is to distribute Bibles and au- my mind so that I don't get stressed out. dio cassette tapes of the Bible to Okla- Readers who can help these veterans are urged to write a witness letter, including the CID number. Send the homa hospitals. Horner often gives vet- letters to CID, The American Legion Magazine, Box Q. You put yourself through college erans cassette players so they can listen 1055, Indianapolis, IN 46206 Notices are published only at the requests of American and then went on to become extreme- to the word of God. Legion Service Officers representing claimants using ly successful. Are the same opportu- * * * Search for Witness Forms available from Department Legion Service Officers. nities available today? The Legion chaplains program em- 169th Const. Engrs. Larry W. Derryberry needs wit- More so than ever before. We are braces all religions, and Legion chap- A nesses to verify that while stationed at Long Binh, living in a time of such change lains are not required to be members of Vietnam, in either September or October 1966, he fell from a 25-foot power pole.Contact CID 1179. that opportunities exist everywhere, if the clergy. National Chaplains are se- 1st Cav., 7th Rgt., 3rd Bn., Co. K Richard D. Feuling you are willing to work for them. lected by the National Commander, and needs witnesses to verify that while stationed at Camp Chitose, Hokkaido, Japan, during the winter Department and Post chaplains are se- of 1953-54, he froze his feet and was transferred to Q- If you could change five things lected by vote or appointment. Supply. Contact CID 1180. about the United States, what would Each year, Legion and Auxiliary 3183rd Engr. Petrol Dist. Grady David Laughlin needs witnesses to verify that stomach disorders resulted in they be? chaplains travel to National Headquar- his being hospitalized for a hernia and for ulcers at Camp Crawft, S.C, was hospitalized later for mental The first thing I'd change ters in Indianapolis to attend the Chap- A problems at the Port of Debarkation at Washington would be to make American par- lains Conference, which helps them es- State in 1946. Contact CID 1184. ents more aware that the family is the center of our civilization, and it is in disrepair. Special Get-acquainted offer,,, Second, I'd strengthen ethics and morality. In my lifetime of 80 years, I TWO SILVER CLASSICS have seen a distinct decline in the old-fashioned fundamentals of fairness ACT NOW & SAVE OVER 50% A and honesty. In 1916 a German immigrant named Adolph £' i Third, I would revamp our educa- Weinman designed two U.S. coins which reflected tional system. We have kids who gradu- the new American spirit. These coins - the ate without being able to read properly, "Mercury" Dime and the Liberty Walking Half write a good letter or go out on a busi- Dollar - were so beautiful they instantly became ness interview. Collector Favorites! The fourth would be to revive the re- Giant Savings For You ligious beliefs in the country and the You can now own BOTH of these .900 Silver Classics for only $5 - and save over off our regular catalog price of $10.95! You'll sense of spiritual strength we have lost. 50% also receive our fully-illustrated catalog, plus other offers on Finally, I would like to get our citi- approval. This is a limited introductory offer - please, three zens to recognize their obligations to

S( 't s *" ;l customer at this special low price. Act now! «a< < give back to this country, and not just IllillPllllllP-llli take. Littleton Coin Company Friendly Service to Collectors Since 1945 --ffllllJlsS™' Q. What things wouldn't you change about the country? Mercury Dime & Liberty Walking Half Regularly $10.95 Now Only $5.00 per set (limit 3) I I wouldn't change the basic belief Send coupon with payment to: Littleton Coin Co. No. of sets H- we all have in our nation. I think x $5.00 = Dept. LMM104, Littleton, 03561 , NH , ftn most Americans believe that we have shi in & $ Check or Money Order Enclosed PP § the best form of government ever. Al- VISA MasterCard American Express Discover Total enclosed $ though there have been abuses, our cap- Card No. Exp. Date /

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FEBRUARY 1993 61 within 10 years a VR system like this will cost about the same as today's VIRTUAL REALITY videocassette recorders. Continuedfrom page 25 For Morris, the gear already is well

worth it. Not only does it show poten- tial for improving designs for the dis- abled, but these virtual rooms also offer Hines describes the computer condo as a training ground.

if he were a real estate agent trying to "Like a flight simulator, it can re- close a deal. As you wheel through the duce risk," Morris says, "and we hope virtual rooms, he says, you can even reduce the time it takes to train people see off-beat decorator touches that he to use wheelchairs."

added himself. VR can potentially reduce the time it "The bathroom has a blue-tiled floor takes to learn everything from driving and cream white walls," Morris says. a tank to managing a stock portfolio. "There's a deep white carpet, and a "The Navy's been looking at virtual couch and table in the living room, and reality for teaching sailors to deal with the bedroom is furnished with a bed, impaired-visibility operations on table and dresser with drawers you can ships," says Tom Coull, president of open." Sense8 Corp., a California company virtual kitchen, that makes computer instruction soft- NOW! Clean Your In the you use the gloved hand to pull open the oven door ware for VR systems. Favorite Caps In test how easy it is to reach inside. "Firefighting is an example," Coull Your Dishwasher! and (User consensus was that it's not easy says. "What happens when the ship is NEW Ball-Cap Buddy allows you to wash your soiled caps in your dishwasher or washing machine! Simple to use, enough, and the door hits the wheel- burning and filled with smoke, and

just place cap in the two-piece polypropylene frame and chair when it's opened.) You can check men have to run through this kind of place on top rack of dishwasher. Will even clean wool caps the widths of the hallways by wheel- alien environment with breathing appa- in your washing machine! Cap Buddy can be used over and over to keep your whole collection of caps or visors ing through them. (The consensus was ratus and goggles on? clean! Gets 'em clean— keeps their shape! that they seem a little tight for every- That's the kind of environment you 6"H x 9"W. Great gift idea. Only $7.77 + $2.45 p&h. SAVE two for $14.95 + $3 p&h. day use.) can simulate really well" with virtual Send Check or MO. 20 day money back guarantee. The Hines system costs about reality, he says. uft . at Dept. AB-293, 1118 W. Lake $30,000, and the glove alone runs more Another Sense8 client, Great HULO , IDC. Box 370, Tawas City, Ml 48764 I than $5,000. Britain's defense ministry, is designing But VR prices are dropping rapidly, simulators for tanks. and industry observers predict that "They'll be enclosed and sealed," At Last A Cap Organizer! OUT OF BODY EXPERIENCE

ENTERING virtual reality was of a second to respond, reminding like returning to my first day of me of the slightly disoriented feel-

kindergarten. I kept bumping into ing I had 46 years ago in Mrs. Bar-

things, and at times I wanted to go num's kindergarten class. home. A joystick in my right hand pro- My trip began when representa- vided "legs," enabling me to move 8 tives from Intel, the large computer forward and back, and turn left and chip maker, and Sense8, a software right. It took about five minutes to company, led me to an ordinary master the fighter pilot's skill of not chair in the Jack Tilton Gallery in overcontrolling. In the meantime, as

New York City. The art gallery was I bumped into walls and paintings, I the site of the first U.S. Virtual Re- could almost hear Mrs. Barnum tell ality Art exhibit last summer. me to take my seat. The "Original" Cap Rack Holds up to 12 Caps! Seated in the chair, I put on a But no one yelled at me. And Now you can solve the problem of cap overload with our white helmet with two small built-in none of the objects made a sound new Cap Rack. Put an end to caps falling off overloaded hooks and ending up on your floor! Simply order these TV screens which engulfed me in a when I collided —even when I easy-to-install Cap Racks and you will solve the problem of

"Where do I put all of these caps?" Easy to use — simp- 3-D, full-color, computer-generated passed right through them. Once, I ly fold in the back of the cap and snap each cap into the patented clip. Hang one for everyday use, and order several world. It felt like being inside one of drifted mistakenly through a wall for your cap collection Made in USA of Solid Wood with But it into white space. I had to patented plastic clips. Great gift idea. my children's Nintendo games. an empty

Set of two 6-clamp Cap Racks (each 18" long) was a lot quieter and calmer. figure out how to turn with the joy- Reg. $11.95—NOW for limited time, ONLY $9.95 + $245 p&h. I was apparently floating inside stick and shove my way back Two sets of two 6-clamp Cap Racks Only $18.95 + $2.85 p&h.

Single 12-clamp Cap Rack (36" long) Reg. $11.50—Now an art gallery with paintings hang- through the wall into "reality." for limited time, ONLY $9.50 + $3.45 p&h. ing on the walls and ceiling. The Now that I think more about it, Two single 12-Clamp Cap Racks Only $18.50 + $3.85 p&h. Send Check or MO. 20 day money back guarantee. scene shifted when I turned my it was not at all like kindergarten. " De l - AC-293,1118 W. Lake i/m ot i P head, but the system took a fraction —G.W. HOLST, InC. Box 370, Tawas City, Ml 48764

62 THE AMERICAN LEGION — i "

Coull says. "So the only way their float near a grid, like flying bugs hov- In the future, fellow traders will crews will see out will be through ering above and below a city street show up in the gridwork, says Maxus periscope-type devices such as televi- map. Each block on the map represents President Sean Manefield. "You'll be sion or infrared viewers." a particular industry in a particular able to say, 'Meet me over at the Hong VR also offers the National Aeronau- stock market. Kong electrics,' and then you would fly tics and Space Administration (NASA) With a joystick like the ones comput- there and discuss market activity," new avenues of training, according to er game jockeys use, traders can zoom Manefield says. "You would 'see' your Kevin Teixeira, virtual reality project in on any block and get an immediate business friends as tiny human figures." manager for Intel Corp., manufacturer impression of what stock is hot and And business enemies? Tell the com- of microcomputer components that are what's not. puter to represent them like little Darth the engines of VR systems. The colors clue you in rapidly. Red, Vaders, and then blow them up like "To train an astronaut now, he quite for example, means a stock has fallen space aliens, if you want. In virtual re- often has to put on a suit and go into a since the previous day. ality, they'll never feel a thing. pool of water," Teixeira says, an envi- ronment actually quite unlike the no- gravity conditions of space. In VR, the astronaut could practice "The Best Mattress I've Seen..:' all the work he does in a pool, but with Dr. W. F. Lenz added realism. Mankato, A small shove from another astro- Adjust Firmness MN to Fit Your naut, for example, could simulate poten- Exact Needs tial disaster. "The video would give him the impression he was spinning, just the way he would in a no-G environ- ment," Teixeira says.

the past eight years, the NASA For Ames Research Center at Moffett Field in California has been design- ing an entire space tour of VR worlds. Unique air-cushion NASAs Michael McGreevy has been design contours to your Research body, providing superior back show 94% making computer models of the moon support and comfort. of back pain and planets from visual data picked up sufferers report Select Comfort by space probes, satellites and astro- / gives them the back naut photographs such as those taken of support they need to Revolutionary Air Support System. the Martian surface from the Viking get a better night's sleep. Select Comfort's unique air support missions of the 1970s. system lets you control the feel and firm- Adjust Your Side Separately. When McGreevy's project is done, ness of your bed — simply by pushing a Inside the mattress are two air chambers. you'll be able to put on a VR helmet button. Your mattress can be firmer than You can adjust your own side indepen- and glove, hold a planet in your hand the firmest innerspring or softer than the dently. With Select Comfort, you satisfy and point to where you want to land. softest featherbed... helping you sleep your own needs without compromise. Like a moment from Star Trek, you'll more comfortably, reducing back pain Try Risk-Free for 90 Nights. beam down and look at the countryside and muscle aches, and providing true Sleep on a Select Comfort for 90 nights. of an alien world. support. Change the firmness whenever If you are not completely satisfied, return it "You'll feel like you were there," says you like to meet your exact preference. for a full refund. McGreevy. Variable Firmness = Great Sleep. Discover why 96% of Select Comfort In a more down-to-earth application, You control the firmness of your bed users recommend it to their family researchers at the VA hospital in White simply by pushing a button. Change the and friends. River Junction, Vt., are experimenting firmness as often as you like. Make your "Iam a doctor and often come home exhausted. with a VR system that allows surgeons mattress hard as a board, or soft as a feather This mattress is the most comfortable I've tried" to practice on a virtual human leg. Us- bed. The choice is yours. Dr. Connie Horn, M.D., Clarksville, OH ing a computer mouse in place of a "The best mattress I've seen in respect to total scalpel and without touching real a pa- body and especially spine support. tient, they can perform the key proce- Dr. W. F. Lenz, Mankato, MN dures to repair soft-tissue wounds. "For the first time in years, we wake up without "It should help us choose the best re- aches and pains and have more energy!" constructive procedures for Mr. & Mrs. Dennis Clevenger, Lawrenceville, GA complex to your body, distributing weight evenly. injuries and tumor removal," says Dr. Call now Joseph M. Rosen, chief of plastic for your FREE VIDEO surgery at the hospital. and FREE Brochure Maintaining the health of an invest- ment portfolio, instead of a surgical pa- Innerspring mattresses create pressure points 1-800-831-1211 and uneven support. tient, is the goal of a VR design made by Maxus Systems International in New York. r^Cl^— lept. i In Maxus' virtual financial world, Waterbeds rely on displacement and can cause a "hammock effect," bending your spine unnaturally. Minneapolis, MN 55428 colored chips represent stocks. They © Select Comfort Corp. 1993

FEBRUARY 1993 63 Legion shopper

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MEDICAL PRODUCTS CENTRE Send Check or Money Order for $29 95 - Inc. S & 2300 Plantside Dr. Louisville, KY 40299-1928 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Visa/MC Accepted Name MONEY BACK GUARANTEE YOUR VINTAGE li^Sfe^ Address WRIST WATCH C/S/Z fffifc Karen's Kompany COULD BE WORTH 2201 S.W. College Road #12 • Ocala, FL 34474 HERNIA APPLIANCES $100,000 FOR COMFORT! When you slip into a gen- uine BROOKS Appliancel 18KS15.000 14 K SI 0, All-Hydraulic \ you can enjoy heavenly! comfort night and day at I Call for other watch prices. Top prices paid tor Rolex, Patek, MAGNATRAC® ' work or at play! Thirteen Vacheron, Cartier, Audemars, Movado, Breitling, and ' 5 ... ALL-HYDRAULIC DRIVE! direct from the Universal Geneve watches of any kind. Exact price depends million sold, since 1880. You buy on style of case, dial, originality and condition. Use for excavating, clearing, | factory - never sold in stores - beware of imitations. To sell a watch call: 1 (800) 922-4377. We will landscaping, gardening, I Only the highest quality materials and workman- logging... or work for beat any and all offers! For free appraisals write: ship. (Especially for older people who wish to avoid others for Extra CASHI I unnecessary operations for reducible rupture). Send for our FREE illustrated booklet with no obligation. •CATALOG $1.50 \ HESS INVESTMENTS • VIDEO - New .. $9.50 | BROOKS APPLIANCE COMPANY (Medicare Home Office: 3637-Fourth Street North, Suite #360 •Technical Manual.. $8.50 I 960 State St., Marshall, MI 49068 Pays 80%) St. Petersburg, FL 33704 We are a member.

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IN rij.s. MEDALS A RIBBONS THE ULTIMATE (FULL SIZE AND MINIATURE) HISTORIC SHIP MODEL KITS 32 PAGE PICTURE CATALOG SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL $1 CO Museum quality replicas you build SHOULDER PATCHES. WINGS BADGES. INSIGNIA. IDENTIFICATION BOOKS. ETC yourself. Pre-cut wooden parts, J.L.J. Enterprises 44 PAGE CATALOG metal and brass fittings, cloth sails. SENT 1ST CLASS MAIL J2 00 P.O. Box 4774 BOTH CATALOGS $2 50 Up to 4 feet long. Lancaster, CA 93539 Send $1 .00 for our catalog. Model Expo, Inc. Dept. AL23 TULSA. OKLA PO Box 1000, Mt. Pocono, PA 18344 0^

FEBRUARY 1993 Legion shopper

The Lovable Lush' PANTHER MARTIN S /Be The Boss Deadly Dozen™ \ o^l of a Locksmith Business} FOSTER BROOKS I Get Started now. FREE AVAILABLE VIDEO NOW ON Lifetime Security Kit tells Foster Brooks, he made how to make an extremely Johnny Carson good income. Send coupon 12 of Panther Martin's speechless. Star of Dean to: deadliest lures, a 20 Page fishing Martin's TV Comedy booklet and 16 page color catalog - Foley-Belsaw Company Roasts and 10 years in all packed in a reusable mini tackle box Dept. 12253, 6301 Equitable B Complete satisfaction is guaranteed. Las Vegas, Foster's Kansas City, M0 64120-1395 Just $19.95 plus $3. shipping. funniest comedy Name routines ever will have Order Today: 1-800-852-0925 M-F 9-5 VISA, MC, AMX, Chks & MOs OK you rolling on the floor MARTIN, ih. ..a., 2 *.. with laughter. PANTHER p 200 Wilson Street, Port Jifl.Sta., NY 1 1776

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Call toll free to order your copy today! 1-800-448-6600 TWO SUPER COMEDY SHOWS AVAILABLE Foster's 85 minute comedy, including "Private Party" for only $29.95 Plus -or- $4.50 Shpg. Foster's 34 minute "Don't Laugh, You're Next' No space for TV? Mount this space-saver on the wall, like hotels do. Attach it right where for only $1 9.95 you want it for comfortable viewing from bed, sofa or in kitchen. Strong, sturdy black metal arms hold portable TV up to 16" deep. It swivels for easy viewing too! Check, MC or VISA. NJ res. + 6% tax. MEN'SWIDE SHOES SPECIAL: Two for $37 plus $7.95 shpg. Essex House, Dept. A2-3, Rahway, NJ 07065 EEE-EEEEEE, SIZES 5-13

Extra width for men who need it Excellent variety.styling and quality. Send SECURITY GUIDE FOR SENIORS for FREE CATALOG. DON'T BE A VICTIM! Copyright 1992 AWARDS CASE FLAG CASE WITH STAND The Widest Selection of the Widest Shoes Anywhere! 12 1/8" X 15 1/8" X 2 1/4" 25 3/8 X 12 3/4" X 3 7/8' Written by retired U.S. Secret Service Agent Stand includes: Service ti' INC. (hinged, opens from front) HITCHCOCK SHOES, Security guide to: Home, $39.95 & Engraving Plate Dept. 5B Hingham, MA 02043 $89 ' 95 Money/Credit, Living Alone, Travel, Elk Products, Inc., 1-800-648-7989 Carjackings & Much More! Afraid of Insurance Companies? Send check/MO to Securnet, P.O. Box 23046, Losing Medical Benefits? Lou, Ky. 40223. $7.95 + $1.75 mail/handling TABLE PADS "HEALTH INSURANCE: KNOW YOUR RIGHTS" was written for you. We use plain English and medicare is ASK ABOUT included. Best of all, the cost is less than the benefits you FREE LEAF SPECIAL can recover on just one doctor's visit. CABLE TV P DESC RAMBLERS Don't delay, this is a limited offer! Send your name, address, SAVEto 70»/o and zip with $14.95 check or money order. Indiana BULLET PROTECTORS Factory Priced From t add 75C sales tax. STUNGUNS $29.95 ARDIC ENTERPRIZES DIGITAL VOICE CHANGERS P.O. Box 611 ™ VIDEO STABILIZERS _ Portage, Indiana 46368 mSM 1-800-835-2330 EM 1 (800) 428-4567 FACTORY DIRECT TABLE PAD COMPANY

4 WHEEL BIKE YOUR MILITARY MEDALS DRIVES LIKE A CAR! WWII * KOREA* VIETNAM *SWA • Pedal • All U.S., UN, RVN, Full Size Medals

66 THE AMERICAN LEGION The Qualify Alternative To High Cost Boats

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SEND ADVERTISING COPY All classified advertising is payable in advance AND REMITTANCE TO: by check or money order. Please make remittance payable to "The American Legion Magazine." RATES: Why spend $1,000 Eileen Hennessy $1 5 per word. Count street address and box numbers $2,000 or more for a boat? The American Legion Magazine as two words; all city, state and zip codes as three Our Sea Eagle GT-15 inflatable boat c/o Fox Associates, Inc. words. GUARANTEED CIRCULATION: 2,900,000 per month. DEADLINE: Advertising copy must be doesn't need a trailer, goes safely over 116W. Kinzie Street received 60 days before cover date of issue desired. and costs far less to buy or use. Chicago, IL 60610 20 mph All advertisements are accepted at the discretion of (312) 644-3888 Call or write for FREE BROCHURE: the publisher. 644-8718 da d FAX (312) l-800-852-092^AM 5ffis¥

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67 " "

Parting shots

Waiting Game "Harry, I asked you to take out the trash two hours ago," said Mary, Har- ry's frustrated wife. "When are you ever going to overcome your procrasti- nation problem." Said Harry, after straightening his paper and changing the channel on the television. "Well, we'll just have to wait and see."

Bare Market February is one of the peculiarly dangerous months to speculate in stocks. The others are July, January, September, April, November, May, March, June, December, August, Janu- ary and October. "/ accept cash and all major baseball cards.

Podium Prayers The presidential debates may not Wanted: 9 To 5 Sign From Above have had any affect on the turnout The TV networks have developed a Sign on church: "After 2,000 years, at the polls, but a recent survey new version of the show, Most still under the same management." says they sure increased turnout at Wanted but this new show is about — prayer meetings. jobs. Nutty Humor Archaeologists have discovered some Ski Tripping Low-interest Account 5,000 -year-old beer. It seems that the Jed and Fred stood perched at the This lingering recession is driving ancient Sumerians, in what's now part top of a huge ski run. companies to desperate measures. Ap- of Iran and Iraq, were drinking beer as "Are you ready for this?" Jed asked, pliance stores have begun offering free early as 3100 B.C. At the same site, the looking down the white slope. savings accounts to anyone who buys a researchers also found a bowl of an- "Sure," said Fred, "before ski sea- toaster. cient beer nuts, but it seems the beer son, I set aside some time to practice nuts were 7,000 years old. Yes, the tra- walking on crutches." dition of serving stale beer nuts does, Return Ire indeed, go back a long way. A comedian patiently waited out a heckler's barrage of insults. Then, he pointed to the man and said, "Have you Japanese Connection ever noticed how people who are How are we supposed to make ends thoughtless are seldom wordless?" meet when one end is all the way over in Japan. Will To Live "Joe, now that you've saved your Rain Drop Stop money and have a good nest egg, you Mark Twain and his friend, William really should make out a will," said his Dean Howells, were about to leave attorney. church one Sunday when they saw it "Well, that's probably good advice," was beginning to rain. Howells casual-

Joe said. "But I figure now that I have ly said, "Think it will stop?" some money, there's no point in dying." Twain retorted, "It always has."

Under Time Defending The Debt

"My husband says I talk in my Who says we don't need a large sleep," Teri said to Sherry. "But I'm standing army anymore? With a nation- skeptical. Nobody at work has ever al debt like ours, if nothing else, we "/ get so tired of all these lawyers ap- mentioned it." need protection against bill collectors. pealing their cases.

68 THE AMERICAN LEGION . . From the Best of Baseball Plate Collection Officially Authorized by Major League Baseball

23K gold rim Shown actual Limited edition size of 6V2" Crafted of fine porcelain

A BASEBALL LEGEND — The #1 Baseball Respond by: February 28, 1993 Personality ... Three-time MVP, 16-time All Star, The Legendary Please enter my order for The Legendary a Triple Crown Winner, and a distinguished Mickey Mantle plate. Limit: One plate per collector. N7Z1 OH AA member of Baseball's Hall of Fame. Mickey Mantle I need send no money now. On Now, The Hamilton Collection, in acceptance, I will be billed $29.50* when association with Sports Impressions — a leading Mantle, you will have the opportunity — but my plate is shipped. creator of collectible sports memorabilia, unveils never the obligation — to acquire each Ms./Mrs./Mr. The Legendary Mickey Mantle. Premiere issue in subsequent issue in the collection. Our 700% a magnificent new signature collection Satisfaction Guarantee assures you may return

illustrious careers of Baseball's of receipt for a prompt celebrating the any plate within 30 days City _ most distinguished players including Babe Ruth, replacement or full credit. State -Zip. Ted Williams, Nolan Ryan and more! Limited to a total of just 28 firing days, Telephone Created by renowned portrait artist, each hand-numbered plate will be highlighted ( _). Robert Tanenbaum, The Legendary Mickey with an elaborate commemorative border of Signature •Plus $2.68 shipping and handling. FL residents will Mantle captures the extraordinary versatility of 23K gold, and will be accompanied by a be billed for state sales tax. All orders must be signed Mickey Mantle in action. His handsome portrait Certificate of Authenticity. Demand for sports and are subject to acceptance. is framed by exciting scenes of Mantle fielding memorabilia is at an all time high. Every serious The Hamilton Collection and hitting from both sides of the plate. collector of baseball memorabilia will want to 4810 Executive Park Ct., P.O.Box 44051,

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