US00725O174B2

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.250,174 B2 Lee et al. (45) Date of Patent: Jul. 31, 2007

(54) COSMETIC, PERSONAL CARE, CLEANING 4,994,414 A 2, 1991 Yamamoto et al. AGENT, AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT 5,034,216 A 7, 1991 Barone et al. COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF 5,074,916 A 12/1991 Hench et al. MAKING AND USING SAME 5,290,544. A * 3/1994 Shimono et al. (75) Inventors: Sean Lee, Karlsruhe (DE); Susanna 5,380,360 A 1/1995 Noguchi et al. Kessler, Ergolding (DE); Oliver 5,614.489 A 3, 1997 Mohammadi et al. Forberich, Oberursel (DE); Claire 5,658.332 A 8/1997 Ducheyne et al. Buchwar, Wiesbaden (DE); David C. 5,735,942 A 4/1998 Litkowski et al. Greenspan, Gainesville, FL (US) 5,766,611 A * 6/1998 Shimono et al. (73) Assignee: Schott AG, Mainz (DE) 5,827,882 A 10, 1998 Yu et al. 5,834,008 A 11/1998 Greenspan et al. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 5,874,101 A 2/1999 Zhong et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 5,891.233 A 4/1999 Salonen et al. U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. 5,891,470 A 4/1999 Rinaldi et al. 5,972.384 A 10, 1999 Thut et al. (21) Appl. No.: 09/818,466 5,977,204 A 11/1999 Boyan et al. (22) Filed: Mar. 27, 2001 5.990,380 A 11/1999 Marotta et al. 5.997,887 A 12/1999 Ha et al. (65) Prior Publication Data 6,010,713 A 1/2000 Zhong et al. US 2002fOO86O39 A1 Jul. 4, 2002 6,086,374. A 7/2000 Litkowski et al. 6,224,888 B1* 5, 2001 Vatter et al. Related U.S. Application Data 6,517,863 B1* 2/2003 La Torre et al. (60) Provisional application No. 60/197,162, filed on Apr. 14, 2000, provisional application No. 60/192.216, filed on Mar. 27, 2000. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (51) Int. Cl. A6 IK 6/00 (2006.01) EP O 261 593 3, 1988 A6 IK 9/00 (2006.01) WO WO 97.27148 7/1997 A6 IK 25/34 (2006.01) WO WO 98,11853 3, 1998 A6 IK 8/00 (2006.01) WO WO 98.461.64 10, 1998 A6 IK 8/18 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl...... 424/401; 424/400; 424/404; 424/64; 424/69; 424/70.1 (58) Field of Classification Search ...... 424/400, (Continued) 424/401, 63, 64, 69, 59, 404 See application file for complete search history. OTHER PUBLICATIONS (56) References Cited Ogina, M et al., “Compositional dependence of the formation of calcium phosphate films on bioglass'. Journal of Biomedical mate U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS rials Research, vol. 14, pp.55-64, 1980. 3,922, 155 A 11/1975 Broemer et al. 3,981,736 A 9, 1976 Broemer et al. (Continued) 4,120,730 A 10/1978 Trojer et al. Primary Examiner Humera N Sheikh 4,171,544. A 10, 1979 Hench et al. (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm Kramer, Levin, Naftalis & 4,189,325 A 2f1980 Barrett et al. Frankel LLP 4,234,972 A 11, 1980 Hench et al. 4,366,253 A 12/1982 Yagi (57) ABSTRACT 4.478,904 A 10/1984 Ducheyne et al. 4,560,666 A 12/1985 Yoshida et al. 4,604,097 A 8, 1986 Graves et al. 4,652,534 A 3/1987 Kasuga The present invention involves new cosmetic, personal care, 4,698,318 A 10/1987 Vogel et al. cleaning agent, biocidal agent, functional food, and nutri 4,737.411 A 4, 1988 Graves et al. tional Supplement compositions. These new compositions 4,775,646 A 10, 1988 Hench et al. incorporate bioactive glass into , personal care 4,777,041 A 10, 1988 Mercado items, cleaning agents, biocidal agents, functional foods, and 4,783,429 A 11/1988 Shibuya et al. nutritional Supplements. The present invention also involves 4,786,555 A 11, 1988 Howard methods of making and methods of using such composi 4,814,165 A * 3/1989 Berg et al. tions. 4,851,046 A 7, 1989 Low et al. 4,871,384 A 10/1989 Kasuga 4,965,071 A 10, 1990 Kawan 14 Claims, No Drawings US 7.250,174 B2 Page 2

FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Gross, U. et al., “The Response of Bone to Surface-Active Glasses? Glass-Ceramics', CRC Critical Reviews in Biocompatibility, vol. 4. WO WO 98.46170 10, 1998 No. 2, pp. 155-179, 1988. WO WO 99.13852 3, 1999 WO WO 99.16423 4f1999 Gross, U. et al., "Surface Activities of Bioactive Glass, Aluminum WO 9937287 * 7/1999 Oxide, and Titanium in a Living Environment'. Annals New York WO WO 99.37287 7, 1999 Academy of Sciences, pp. 211-226. WO WOOOf 15167 3, 2000 Niemi. L. et al., “In vivo behaviour of glasses in the SiO2-Na2O WO WOOOf 42977 T 2000 CaO-P2O5-Al2O3-B2-O3-system”, pp. 1-16. WO WOOOf 76486 12/2000 Hench, L., “Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics: A Perspective'. WO WO O1,03650 1, 2001 CRC Handbook of Bioactive Ceramics, vol. 1, pp. 7-23. WO WOO 1/72145 10, 2001 Birchall, J., The interrelationship between silicon and aluminum in the biological effects of aluminum. Silicon and Aluminum in OTHER PUBLICATIONS Biology, pp. 50-67. Williams, D, Biocompatibility of Orthopedic Implants, chapter 6, Hench, L. et al., “Biological Applications of Bioactive Glasses'. pp. 130-170, Sep. 1, 1982. Life Chemistry Reports, vol. 13, pp. 187-241, 1996. Hulbert, S., “History of Bioceramics”. Ceramics International, vol. Schepers, E. et al., “Bioactive Glass Particles of Narrow Size 8, pp. 131-140, 1982. Range: A new material for the repair of bone defects'. Implant Hench, L., et al., Biomaterials. An Interfacial Approach, pp. 145 Dentistry, vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 151-156, 1993. 148, Academic Press, 1982. European Search Report for EP 01922745.3 dated Mar. 10, 2006. Hench, L. et al., “Surface-Active Biomaterials', Science, vol. 226, pp. 630-636, Nov. 9, 1984. * cited by examiner US 7,250,174 B2 1. 2 COSMETIC, PERSONAL CARE, CLEANING of bioactive glass for unrelated purposes such as orthopedic AGENT, AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT repair is described by Larry L. Hench and Jon K. West in COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF “Biological Applications of Bioactive Glasses' Life Chem MAKING AND USING SAME istry Reports, 1996, Vol. 13, pp. 187-241, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. RELATED APPLICATIONS DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE This application claims priority from co-pending U.S. INVENTION Provisional Application No. 60/192.216, filed Mar. 27, 2000, co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/197, 10 Bioactive glass is a sodium-calcium-phospho-silicate 162, filed Apr. 14, 2000, co-pending U.S. application Ser. glass. As used herein, the term “bioactive glass' may refer No. 09/456,196, filed Dec. 7, 1999, and co-pending U.S. to particulate melt-derived and/or sol-gel derived bioactive application Ser. No. 09/456,195, filed Dec. 7, 1999. The full glass. In addition, the term “bioactive glass' may be used to disclosure of each of these applications is incorporated refer to an aqueous extract of particulate melt-derived an/or herein by reference. 15 sol-gel derived bioactive glass. The present invention utilizes bioactive glass preferably FIELD OF THE INVENTION between 40 and 96% by weight of oxide (SiO), between about 0 and 35% by weight of sodium oxide The present invention involves new cosmetic, personal (NaO), between about 4 and 46% by weight calcium oxide care, cleaning agent, biocidal agent, functional food, and (CaO), and between about 1 and 15% by weight phosphorus nutritional Supplement compositions. These new composi oxide (POs). As referred herein, bioactive glasses are tions incorporate bioactive glass into cosmetics, cleaning typically silicon dioxide based compositions capable of agents, personal care products, biocidal agents, functional forming hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA). More preferably, foods and nutritional Supplements. The present invention the glass includes between 40 and 60% by weight of silicon also involves methods of making and methods of using Such 25 dioxide oxide (SiO), between about 5-30% by weight of compositions. sodium oxide (NaO), between about 10 and 35% by weight calcium oxide (CaO), and between about 1 and 12% by BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION weight phosphorus oxide (POs). The oxides can be present as Solid solutions or mixed oxides, or as mixtures of oxides. Preservatives are necessary and important ingredients that 30 CaF, B.O. Al-O, MgO and KO may be included in the ensure the stability and safety of different products. Many composition in addition to silicon, sodium, phosphorus and problems exist with respect to known preservatives. Many calcium oxides. The preferred range for BO is between 0 have unwanted effects on the products they are in or on the and 10% by weight. The preferred range for KO is between person or thing for which the products are used. Many are 0 and 8% by weight. The preferred range for MgO is relatively expensive and have no beneficial effects besides 35 between 0 and 5% by weight. preservation. Many, in fact, are not efficacious as preserva Typically, bioactive glasses have the following composi tives. Many have effects on the products texture or taste that tion by weight percentage: make them undesirable. Better preservatives are needed. There has also been a great need for ingredients that can be used safely and beneficially in products that have anti 40 bacterial, antifungal, antiviral, ion releasing, anti-inflamma Component Wt. Percent tory and/or pH properties in the products themselves and/or SiO, 40-90 on the person or thing for which the product issued. Ingre CaO 4-45 Na2O O-35 dients that can express one or more of these properties are POs 2-16 needed. 45 CaF, O-2S B2O3 0–4 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION KO O-8 MgO O-S Applicants have found that bioactive glass when used in a wide variety of cosmetics provides exceptional qualities to 50 A more prefered composition by weight percentage for the cosmetic including a beneficial preservative effect. bioactive glass is as follows: Applicants also have found that bioactive glass preserves a variety of standard household and industrial cleaning agents. Further, certain bioactive glass compositions provide excel lent cleaning properties and greatly enhance the cleaning 55 Component Wt. Percent properties of standard household and industrial cleaning SiO2 40-68 agents. In addition, applicants have found that certain bio CaO S-30 active glass compositions are useful as a functional food and Na2O 1O-35 nutritional Supplement or used in Such. Moreover, certain POs 1–12 bioactive glass compositions act as an excellent preservative 60 for food. The present invention includes formulations which may In addition, the compositions of this invention can be comprise metal ions such as AgNO, CuO, and ZnO, or formulated as disclosed herein to have enhanced and ben other antimicrobial salts, including but not limited to, , eficial properties that include antibacterial, antiviral, anti copper and Zinc ions. These metals may be in nitrate or fungal, ion-releasing, anti-inflammatory and pH effects. As 65 acetate form. The preferred range for these salts is between used herein “bioactive glass” is an inorganic glass material 0 and 15% by weight. The present invention also includes having an oxide of silicon as its major component. The use formulations which do not comprise metal ions. US 7,250,174 B2 3 4 The most preferred glass is Bioglass(RTM (a trademark of When highly porous bioactive glass is used in place of or University of Florida), which has a composition including in addition to Small particles of bioactive glass, the pore size about 45% by weight silicon dioxide, about 24.5% by is between about 0 and 500 um, preferably between about 10 weight sodium oxide, about 6% by weight phosphorus and 150 um, and more preferably, between about 50 and 100 oxide, and about 24.5% by weight calcium oxide. Another 5 um. The degree of porosity of the glass is between about 0 preferred material is hydroxyapatite. Another preferred and 85%, preferably between about 30 and 80%, and more material for several applications are the porous Sol-gel preferably between about 40 and 60%. Porous bioactive glasses. glass can be prepared, for example, by incorporating a Particulate, non-interlinked bioactive glass is preferred leachable Substance into the bioactive glass composition, for many embodiments of the present invention. That is, the 10 and leaching the Substance out of the glass. Suitable leach glass is in the form of Small, discrete particles, rather than a able substances are well known to those of skill in the art, fused matrix of particles or a mesh or fabric (woven or and include, for example, sodium chloride and other water non-woven) of glass fibers. Note that under Some conditions soluble salts. The particle size of the leachable substance is the discrete particles of the present invention may tend to roughly the size of the resulting pore. The relative amount cling together because of electrostatic or other forces but are 15 and size of the leachable Substance gives rise to the degree still considered to be non-interlinked. Preferably the particle of porosity. Also, as described herein, porosity can be size is less than about 90 microns; more preferably, less than achieved using sintering and/or by controlling the treatment about 20 microns; even more preferably, less than about 5 cycle of glass gels to control the pores and interpores of the microns, and most preferably, less than about 2 microns, as material. measured by SEM or laser light scattering techniques, In addition, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory compo although different uses may advantageously use different sitions derived from aqueous extracts of bioactive glass can particle sizes. be formed by placing bioactive glass in an aqueous solution, The preferred particle size range for the bioactive glass is allowing the glass to dissolve over a suitable period of time, site and use dependent. Particle sizes less than about 1000 for example, a week or more, and filtering out the dissolved microns and greater than about 2 microns can also be used. 25 glass particles. The Solvent can also be evaporated to pro Particles of Such a small size range generally provide for the vide a solid material with anti-microbial properties. These advantages of the present invention without eliciting unde compositions can be used in situations where elimination, sirable immune responses. reduction, or prevention of microbes, including but not Without being bound to a particular theory, it is believed limited to bacteria, viruses, and fungi would be advanta that there is a complex relationship between the type of ion 30 geous, for example, in cosmetic formulations, cleaning being released from the glass, the amount of that ion, the rate agent formulations, functional foods and as a preservative at which release occurs, the pH of the surrounding environ for foods. ment, and the resulting anti-microbial or anti-inflammatory The glass composition can be prepared in several ways to response. This effect is observed with respect to the particles provide melt-derived glass, Sol-gel derived glass and sin of bioactive glass themselves and also in the aqueous 35 tered glass particles. The sintered particles may be in sol-gel Solutions derived from the glass particles. Accordingly, in derived, unreacted, or pre-reacted melt-derived form. the compositions and uses described below, particulate and/ The glass composition is preferably melt-derived. Melt or bioactive glass solutions derived from the particles may derived glass is generally prepared by mixing grains of be used. oxides or carbonates, melting and homogenizing the mix Large particles of bioactive glass do not have appreciable 40 tures at high temperatures, typically between about 1250 and antimicrobial properties. However, small particles of bioac 1400° C. The molten glass can be flitted and milled to tive glass and highly porous bioactive glass do have appre produce a small particulate material. ciable antimicrobial properties. Bioactive glass has bacteri In each preparation, it is preferred to use reagent grade cidal properties and is effective against, for example, Staph. glass, especially when the glass is used to prepare materials aureus, Staph. epidermidis, and various streptococci. These 45 which ultimately may be administered topically. Bioactive bacteria may be found in and on the skin. These antimicro glass particles may be prepared using the melt-derived and bial properties are enhanced in an aqueous environment. grinding process described previously in U.S. Pat. No. While not being bound by a specific mechanism of action, 5,204,106, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by it is believed that this action is a result, inter alia, of the reference. Where particular particle size ranges are desired, greatly increased bioactivity of the Small particulates, which 50 sifting may be used to obtain such particles. For optimum leads to an increased pH of the Surrounding environment. sterility, glass particles may be ultrasonically cleaned, pack The combined properties of being both broadly bactericidal aged in Syringes and sterilized with gamma radiation. while at the same time maintaining tissue biocompatibility The particulate biologically active material used in the make a variety of formulations comprising Small particles of present invention may be prepared according to the methods bioactive glass resistant to microbial contamination and 55 of the art such as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,159,358: especially suitable for formulations which will contact the 4,234,972; 4,103,002: 4,189,325; 134,171,544; 4,775,646; skin. 4,857.046 and 5,074,916. For example, the raw materials The antimicrobial action increases with decreasing par (e.g., SiO, CaO, Na-O and POs) are mixed in a Nal ticle size. The preferred particle size depends, in part, on the gene(RTM plastic container on a ball mill for four hours. The expected microbial challenge and the desired purity of the 60 mix is then melted in a platinum crucible at 1350° C. and formulation comprising bioactive glass For example, for homogenized for 24 hours. The molten glass is poured into mulations having bioactive glass particles averaging 20 distilled, deionized water to produce a glass frit. Alterna microns ordinarily is sufficient. However, for a longer last tively, ribbons may be prepared by pouring the glass over ing preservative effect or to maintain a higher degree of moving rollers. The frit or ribbons may be ground, for purity, particles averaging less than five microns as mea 65 example, by one of several means. In one method the frit or sured by SEM or laser light scattering techniques may be ribbons are ground in a mortar and pestle and passed through used. ASTM sieves to produce the required particle size range. US 7,250,174 B2 5 Alternatively, the frit or ribbons may be ground using a ball-milling or jet milling process. Bioactive glass may be derived using a drying step, which may include near-equilibrium drying. Near-equilibrium dry Component Wt. Percent ing in place of or in addition to drying under dry conditions SiO, 49 72 provides for much larger average pore size in the final CaO 5-35 composition at a given level of SiO. In addition near POs S-9 equilibrium drying results in a higher rate of resorption as compared to traditionally prepared sol-gel bioactive glass The sol-gel-derived bioactive glass readily reacts with materials. For example, in-vivo testing of one has shown 10 aqueous solutions because of the high SSA (i.e., there is a tremendous amount of Surface area where glass/solution that more than 50% of sol-gel material made in this manner reactions can take place). When immersed in an aqueous resorbed at eight weeks. Comparable prior 4555 melt Solution, the sol-gel-derived bioactive glass begins to react, derived bioactive glasses, do not resorb at all by eight weeks. releasing soluble silica, calcium and phosphate anions. Once Indeed, it has been suggested that glasses including more 15 the concentration of calcium and phosphate anions is than 55% silicon dioxide are not bioactive. increased to the saturation limit for HAp, a mineralogical, As used herein, near-equilibrium drying is drying under HAp-rich layer will form on the surfaces that comprise the the conditions near the two phase boundaries in the phase sol-gel-derived bioactive glass, and Surrounding Surfaces diagram at a temperature and pressure Sufficient to yield a (i.e., hard and soft human tissues). bioactive glass with large pore structure, i.e., a pore structure For example, a reaction mixture including tetraethoxysi Sufficient to yield a bioactive glass . For example, near lane (TEOS), triethylphosphate (TEP), and calcium nitrate equilibrium drying may be drying under the conditions near can be used to make sol-gel bioactive glasses. Alkoxides of the line for water as illustrated in conventional phase dia calcium, titanium, Zirconium, magnesium, aluminum, iron grams (or other liquids such as methanol, , acetone, and potassium also can be used. Other appropriate ingredi liquid (CO, benzene and so on). By manipulating the 25 ents will also be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. sealing of the designed drying chamber to adjust the extent In addition, aerogels may be used. When an aerogel is used, of the drying condition away from the equilibrium line and increased pressure is used instead of near-equilibrium drying relative humidity (from environmental humidity to 98%), to achieve larger pore size and greater resorbability. the duration of near-equilibrium drying, and the temperature Sol-gel processing which uses a near-equilibrium drying at which the drying is conducted, one can drastically alter 30 step yields larger pore size in the final product and permits pore size of resultant bioactive glass. For example, increas development of HCA very rapidly for both high and low ing the sealing of the drying chamber during drying typically silicon dioxide content gels. Indeed, these compositions results in an increase in relative humidity and pore diameter. form HCA more rapidly than other gels when exposed to Near-equilibrium drying temperature can also be varied, for SBF (Simulated Body Fluid, Kokubo, T. et al., J. Biomed. example, with water drying. When using liquids other than 35 Mater. Res., 24, 721-34, 1990) or physiological fluids. The water, such as those referred to above, one may obtain a near equilibrium drying technique also provides for more faster drying or increase the pore size range of the gel to a homogeneous gels which can be heated to higher tempera large extent. tures while retaining large pore diameter. This permits much A Sol-gel process is any process that includes the use of better control of the final product e.g. resorbability, homo a sol-gel in the preparation of bioactive glass. Sol-gel 40 geneity and physical structure. For example, Sol-gel com derived glass is generally prepared by synthesizing an positions derived without using near-equilibrium drying inorganic network by mixing metal alkoxides in solution, techniques are not able to provide adequate resorbability at followed by hydrolysis, gelation, and low temperature higher levels of silicon dioxide. In contrast, the near-equi (around 200-900° C.) firing to produce a glass. Sol-gel librium drying technique provides gels having excellent derived glasses produced this way are known to have an 45 resorbability even when high amounts of silicon dioxide are initial high specific surface area (SSA) compared with either included. Such sol-gel glasses are also more homogeneous melt-derived glass or porous melt derived glass. The result than other sol-gel glasses and calcium is distributed uni ing material contains nanometer-sized purosity and has a formly. SSA ranging from 50-400 m/g. The sol-gel derived glass This drying technique can be used to prepare all types of does not contain Sodium. Thus, when this material comes 50 sol-gel bioactive glasses. For example, the technique can be into contact with an aqueous solution, the dissolution used to prepare frit, ribbons, monoliths, powders, coatings, mechanisms are different from those associated with non fibers, mats, weaves and composites. sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. Frit can be ground to very broad ranges of particle size Typically, Sol-gel-derived bioactive glasses have the fol 55 Such as from about 2 Lum up to 1 mm for any purpose. The lowing composition by weight percentage: monolith can be formed to complex shapes such as various implants. Powders can be made to spherical form and from Submicron to a few hundred microns. Such compositions are Component Wt. Percent useful, for example, in bone repair and other orthopedic 60 applications, drug delivery, treating tooth hypersensitivity as SiO2 49-90 well as the remineralization of tooth structure, burn healing CaO 5-42 and wound healing. POs 1–12 While not being bound to any particular theory, it is believed that the near-equilibrium drying step reduces cap A more prefered composition for sol-gel-derived bioac 65 illary force inside the pore structure of the gel which results tive glasses comprises the following composition by weight in large pore size. Gels are networks of Small colloid percentage: particles. The networks includes voids which become pores US 7,250,174 B2 7 8 and pore channels in the final glass composition. It is preparations. In another embodiment the present invention believed that the moisture of the near-equilibrium drying provides a preservative which itself contains bioactive glass. step enhances the reaction at the neck between two particles The preservative which contains bioactive glass may be in the network and the strength of the neck and “backbone' added to or included in cosmetic formulations. of the gel structure which reduces shrinkage of the drying A cosmetic formulation in accordance with the present structure and ultimately results in gels with large pores. invention may contain an amount of bioactive glass up to On the other hand, due to the liquid tension, the pressure 95% of the total weight of the cosmetic formulation, espe difference between the different size of pores and channels cially up to 70%, more especially up to 50%, or 40%, and 1S even more preferably up to 30% of the weight of the 10 cosmetic formulation. Upper limits of 7% of the weight or 5% of the weight are preferred for some formulations, where, Y is liquid tension, 0 is contact angle and r is the whereby 3% of the weight is especially preferred in some radius of pores and pore channels. During drying, the formulations. Lower limits are 0.01% of the weight, espe pressure difference, AP, will pull the network tight enabling cially 0.1% of the weight, whereby 0.5% of the weight and pore collapse and gel shrinkage as liquid evaporates. It is 15 1% of the weight are especially preferred as the lowest believed that near-equilibrium drying allows the liquid effective amounts. inside the pore structure to evaporate under the condition of In one embodiment the cosmetic formulation comprises a near equilibrium at a range of temperatures. This keeps protic solvent. In another embodiment the cosmetic formu liquid vapor pressure inside the channels and pores at high lation contains bioactive glass which has components within heating conditions which resists the shrinkage and collapse the following ranges on a % weight basis: 40-60% SiO, of the gel structure and results in large pore sizes. 10-30% CaO; 10-35% NaO; 2-8% P.O; 0-25% CaF: Bioactive glass, Sol-gel derived bioactive glass and/or 0-10% B.O.; 0-8% KO; and 0-5% MgO. aqueous extracts of bioactive glass may be incorporated into Cosmetic formulations in accordance with the present various cosmetic, cleaning agent, functional foods, nutri invention can be well preserved using bioactive glass, with 25 out having to add skin-irritating cytotoxic and possibly tional Supplements and other products as described below. allergen producing chemical preservatives to the prepara Cosmetics tion. Furthermore, an additional nurturing effect may be achieved through the antimicrobial and inflammation-inhib General iting effect of bioactive glass. The anti-inflammatory effects The present invention provides novel cosmetics compo 30 of bioactive glass make it particularly useful in skin care sitions comprising bioactive glass. While current manufac formulations by promoting reductions in irritation, itching, turing processes generally control microbial contamination redness and rashes. when the products are in sealed containers, after unsealing In special cases it might be desirable to add the preser the package, bacteria, fungi and/or mold may contaminate Vative in accordance with the present invention to prepara the cosmetics. Often, various antibacterial agents are added 35 tions which have been preserved using standard preserva to the cosmetics to minimize this process. These antibacte tives in order to achieve Synergetic effects. rial agents, however, often create negative effects such as Bioactive glass has the ability to react with aqueous skin irritation for the cosmetic user. Solutions (i.e., human perspiration, humidity, body fluids) to A goal of the present invention is to produce cosmetic elicit biological effects such as anti-microbial/antibacterial formulations which, in contrast to presently available cos 40 behavior, UV screening, anti-inflammatory behavior, min metics, exhibit an ability to withstand microbial contami eralogical film forming, and therapeutic release of inorganic nation without creating negative effects such as skin irrita ions. These effects are considered advantageous for many tion. cosmetic applications, and several examples of cosmetic In one embodiment of the present invention, bioactive formulations that can be used to include bioactive glass glass may be included in cosmetic formulations to minimize 45 and/or sol-gel-derived bioactive glass within a cosmetic microbial contamination, including contamination by bac product are described herein. teria, fungi and/or mold. The cosmetic compositions can Bioactive glass forms a hydroxy carbonate layer (HCA) include the aqueous extracts of bioactive glass and/or par on protein-containing Surfaces Such as hair, skin, nails and ticles of bioactive glass. teeth. This HCA layer can desensitize teeth, harden/thicken In one embodiment the cosmetic formulation comprises 50 nails, protect skin and modify hair texture. particulate bioactive glass having an average particle size Bioactive glass and/or sol-gel-derived bioactive glass less than 10 microns. In another embodiment particulate may be effective at absorbing and scattering visible and UV bioactive glass having an average particle size less than 5 light, making these materials attractive for soft focus and microns, and preferably less than 2 microns is used. Pre Sun-screening applications. ferred cosmetic preparations are especially creams, make-up 55 In one embodiment cosmetic products comprise sol-gel compounds, , and salves since the micro derived bioactive glass. The Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass biocidal effect of bioactive glass is further enhanced by the is extremely porous, and thus effective at Scattering visible moisture contained in these preparations. However, bioac and UV light. The scatter of visible light is important for soft tive glass can be added to virtually any cosmetic presently focus cosmetic products, which are intended to scatter light available to improve its resistance to contamination. Accord 60 from the skin in Such a way that skin wrinkles become less ingly, the cosmetic may be liquid based, or alternatively, visible to the human eye. Further, the scatter of UV light is other than liquid based. Cosmetic formulations may include, important for Sunscreen products. Thus, the Sol-gel-derived for example, creams, lotions, lipsticks, make-up compounds bioactive glass is effective at scattering UV light in the UVA and tinctures. and UVB regions of the solar spectrum and provides a soft In one embodiment the invention provides bioactive glass 65 focusing effect. for use as a preservative of perishable goods. The perishable Further, the sol-gel-derived bioactive glass reacts with goods may be, for example, cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical aqueous solutions to form a solution that becomes concen US 7,250,174 B2 10 trated in calcium, phosphate anions and soluble silica. When Applicants have unexpectedly discovered that a combi this solution becomes Saturated, it can form a mineralogical, nation of bioactive glass with standard skin creams give the HAp-rich layer on the to Surrounding human tissue. Thus, skin a pleasant-non-oily feeling and look when compared the sol-gel-derived bioactive glass is expected to be effective with the same cream applied without the added bioactive in Soft focus products because it is effective at Scattering glass. Without being bound to any mechanism, it is believed visible light, and the precipitation of the mineralogical layer that the bioactive glass has an affinity for oils as well as could act as a skin-tightening agent that would further aid in water and protenaceous matter, which is consistent with the hiding skin wrinkles. unexpected effect observed by which bioactive glass and oil It should also be noted that in addition to bioactive glass, form a smooth, homogeneous cream consistency. Thus may also be added to cosmetic formulations. The 10 bioactive glass is suitable as an effective treatment for addition of antibiotics to cosmetic products which include oily/fatty skin. bioactive glass is particularly useful in formulations which Bioactive glass and Sol-gel derived bioactive glass exhibit require topical application. many desirable characteristics that would improve cosmetic products. However, the difficulty lies in formulating the Methods of Making 15 cosmetic products in Such a way that the bioactive glass The present invention also provides a method of making and/or Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass remain unreacted cosmetic compositions comprising bioactive glass. An effec (passive) while packaged, and then become reactive (active) tive antimicrobial amount of the bioactive glass is added to when applied onto the human body. or included in a cosmetic formulation. An "effective, anti Bioactive glass and sol-gel-derived bioactive glass react microbial amount of bioactive glass” refers to a sufficient with aqueous solutions, but are inert when immersed in amount of bioactive glass having an appropriate particle size anhydrous liquids. Thus, bioactive glass and/or sol-gel to effectively prevent or control microbial contamination. derived bioactive glass may be formulated in liquids, pastes, The amount and particle size of bioactive glass to include in gels or creams that are anhydrous, but water-soluble (or a cosmetic formulation will vary depending on the desired water permeable). In this instance, the bioactive glass length and degree of purity as well as the anticipated 25 remains un-reacted while immersed in the anhydrous liquid, microbial challenge. An “effective antimicrobial amount of paste, gel or cream, but would be activated when applied to bioactive glass' also may refer to a sufficient amount of an the human body and allowed to react with perspiration, aqueous extract of bioactive glass to effectively prevent or humidity, and/or other aqueous-containing bodily liquids. control microbial contamination. An "effective antimicro In one embodiment, bioactive glass and/or sol-gel-derived bial amount of bioactive glass may also refer to a combi 30 bioactive glass for cosmetic products are used in a dispens nation of particulate bioactive glass and aqueous extract of ing system containing two separate vessels (i.e., similar to bioactive glass to effectively prevent or control microbial the dispensing system used for an epoxy). The bioactive contamination. glass and/or sol-gel-derived bioactive glass may be could be Bioactive glass may be added to or included in cosmetic formulated in an anhydrous liquid, paste, cream or gel formulations using, for example, techniques or combina 35 within one vessel, while an aqueous liquid, past, cream or tions of techniques such as general mixing with slow gel may be contained within the second vessel. medium, moderate, or even vigorous agitation. Sufficient In another embodiment bioactive glass and/or Sol-gel agitation should be provided to achieve relative homogene derived bioactive glass are mixed with an anhydrous liquid, ity. Preferably, mixing and agitation will avoid excessive paste cream or gel that evaporated or is metabolized into the aeration and will have a low sheer rate. In addition, anti 40 skin after being applied to the body. The anhydrous liquid, floculants may be used to keep the particles from clumping paste, cream or gel protects the bioactive glass while in the together. cosmetic package, yet disappears once applied to the body, Other methods or combinations of methods of blending, thus allowing the bioactive glass to react with perspiration, dispersing, mixing, combining and/or emulsifying may be humidity, and/or other aqueous-containing body liquids. utilized. Agitation may be achieved, for example, with 45 In yet another embodiment, the desirable characteristics standard mixing devices. General mixing and blending may associated with bioactive glass and/or sol-gel-derived bio be achieved, for example, with an impeller. active glass are achieved by utilizing an aqueous extract of It has been unexpectedly discovered that for many cos derived from bioactive glass. The bioactive glass and/or metic base formulations, bioactive glass is easier to homo sol-gel-derived bioactive glass may be reacted with an geneously mix than other common inorganic powders, such 50 aqueous solution until the solution became Saturated with as titanium dioxide and Zinc oxide powder, for example. calcium, phosphate anions and soluble silica. This solution Bioactive glass may be added to or included in virtually could then be filtered, buffered to an appropriate pH, and any known cosmetic formulation. Applicants anticipate as then added to cosmetic formulations to develop cosmetic well that bioactive glass will be suitable for inclusion in any products in accordance with the present invention. In this as yet to be developed cosmetic formulation. In one embodi 55 embodiment, the formulation may contain aqueous cosmetic ment the bioactive glass may be particulate. In another ingredients, since there would be no solid bioactive glass or embodiment the bioactive glass may be an aqueous solution sol-gel-derived bioactive glass available for reaction. derived from particulate bioactive glass. In still another In many cosmetic applications it is desired that the embodiment the bioactive glass may be a combination of product have pH value of between 5 and 8. Maintaining this particulate bioactive glass and an aqueous solution derived 60 pH level with bioactive glass in an aqueous suspension, from bioactive glass. however, is difficult as the glass will continuously react in Applicants have unexpectedly discovered that bioactive Solution, increasing the pH value. Applicants have discov glass mixed with oil forms a cream. Likewise, bioactive ered that as little as 1% citric acid can effectively buffer glass mixed with water unexpectedly forms a cream. The bioactive glass toward more neutral pH values over a long cream resulting from mixing bioactive glass with either oil 65 period in an aqueous Suspension. This is to be contrasted or water possesses a consistent homogenized texture par with the effect of adding a standard buffer, such as HCL ticularly suitable for cosmetic formulations. based buffers to the same Suspension, which do not maintain US 7,250,174 B2 11 12 pH levels for suitable periods of time. Thus, citric acid is one preferred method of buffering aqueous based solutions with TABLE II bioactive glass. Bioactive glass is especially useful in an aqueous containing formulation when the formulation is Raw Materials Combined with Sol-Gel-Derived Bioactive Glass appropriately buffered to ensure that the pH remains near Raw Material neutral and when the bioactive glass is coated with a Dermol MS hydrophobic material that prevents the glass from reacting PPG 10 Cetyl ether while in formulation. PEG7 Glyceryl Cocoate d-Limonene In another embodiment the bioactive glass and/or sol-gel 10 Oleth-3 Stepancquat ML derived bioactive glass can be formulated into a dry form Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate incorporating other ingredients, for example colorants and incromectant LQ fragrances, and packaged in Small packets or caches for Tergitol NP-9 single use cosmetic products for skin, hair or nail applica Coco Hydroxy Sultaine 15 Crodesta SL-40 tions, for example. The dry form may be a powder. POE20 Sorbitan monooleate Propylene Glycol The following raw materials listed in Table 1 were mixed Ethanol with bioactive glass and produced stable compositions. Na Laureth-2 Sulfate Sorbitan Isostearate Glycerin TABLE I Procetyl AWS Crodafos SG Raw Materials Combined with Bioactive Glass

Raw Material ojoba Oil Incromectant AQ incromectant AQ Promyristyl PM-3 25 Foamtaine CABG (45%) Dermo DPG - 2B Promyristyl PM-3 Transcutol CG Abil EM-90 Octyl Methoxycinnamate Dermo DPG-2B Crodafos N3N Transutol CG Triethanolamine Octyl Methoxycinnamate Menthyl Anthranilate 30 Crodafos N3N Mineral Oil Triethanolamine Incrodet TD7C Menthyl Anthranilate Polyderm PPI SiWI Mineral Oil PEG2 Oleamine Incrodet TD7C Crodafos CAP Polyderm PPI SiWI Plantaren APB 35 PEG2 Oleamine Polyderm PPI SIWS Crodafos CAP Finsolv TN Plantaren APB Crodasinic O Polyderm PPI SIWS Dermo B-246 Finsolv TN GE 12O2 Crodasinic O Dermo B-246 Crovol A-40 40 Crowo A-70 GE 12O2 GE SF 96 350 cps Crovol A-40 Probutyl 14 Crowo A-70 Foamtaine CABG GE SF 96 (350 cps) Dermol MS Probutyl 14 PPG 10 Cetyl ether 45 PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate d-Limonene Bioactive glass, including sol-gel derived bioactive glass Oleth-3 Stepancquat ML may be combined with anyhydrous cosmetic ingredients to Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate created Stable, non-irritating cosmetic formulations. A list of incromectant LQ exemplary anhydrous ingredients is provided in Table III. Tergitol NP-9 50 Coco Hydroxy Sultaine Crodesta SL-40*** TABLE III POE20 Sorbitan monooleate Propylene Glycol Anhydrous Cosmetic Ingredients Combined with Bioactive Glass Ethanol 55 Cosmetically acceptable Glycols - including, but not limited to the Na Laureth-2 Sulfate following: Sorbitan Isostearate Glycerin Glycerin Procetyl AWS Propylene Glycol Crodafos SG Butylene Glycol Hexylene Glycol 60 2-methyl propane diol ojoba Oil Cosmetically acceptable - including, but not limited to the Abil EM-90 following:

Ethanol Isopropanol The following raw materials listed in Table 2 were mixed 65 n-propanol with sol-gel-derived bioactive glass and produced stable lauryl alcohol compositions. US 7,250,174 B2 13 14

TABLE III-continued TABLE IV-continued Anhydrous Cosmetic Ingredients Combined with Bioactive Glass Anhydrous and Hydrous Ingredients Which May Be Used in a Two Compartment Dispensing System oleyl alcohol Cosmetically acceptable Esters - including, but not limited to the Hexylene Glycol ollowing: 2-methyl propane diol Cosmetically acceptable Alcohols - including, but not limited to the sopropyl Myristate ollowing: sopropyl Palmitate ojoba Oil 10 Ethanol Glyceryl tri caprate caprylate Sopropanol Propylene glycol di caprate? caprylate n-propano Sorbitan Esters auryl alcohol Diesters of diacids oleyl alcohol Cosmetically acceptable Ethoxylated Materials - including, but not Cosmetically acceptable Esters - including, but not limited to the imited to the following: 15 ollowing: Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohols sopropyl Myristate Ethoxylated Fatty Acids sopropyl Palmitate Ethoxylated Sorbitan Esters ojoba Oil Ethoxylated Glycerides Glyceryl tri caprate caprylate Cosmetically acceptable Propoxylated Materials - including, but not Propylene glycol di capratef caprylate imited to the following: Sorbitan Esters Diesters of diacids Propoxylated Fatty Alcohols Cosmetically acceptable Ethoxylated Materials - including, but not Propoxylated Fatty Acids imited to the following: Esters of Propoxylated Fatty Alcohols Ethoxylated Propoxylates Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohols Cosmetically acceptable anhydrous ionic - including, but 25 Ethoxylated Fatty Acids not limited to the following: Ethoxylated Sorbitan Esters Ethoxylated Glycerides Phosphate esters Cosmetically acceptable Propoxylated Materials - including, but not imited to the following: 30 Propoxylated Fatty Alcohols Quaternary nitrogen salts Propoxylated Fatty Acids Cosmetically acceptable mineral, vegetable and animal derived oils and Esters of Propoxylated Fatty Alcohols ats. Cosmetically acceptable silicones including, but not limited to the Ethoxylated Propoxylates ollowing: Cosmetically acceptable anhydrous ionic Surfactants - including, but not limited to the following: Dimethicone 35 Simethicone Phosphate esters Cyclomethicone Sulfaters Dimethicone ethoxylates and propoxylates Carboxylates Cosmetically acceptable fluorocarbons and derivatives - including, but Fatty amine salts not limited to the following: Quaternary nitrogen salts Cosmetically acceptable mineral, vegetable and animal derived oils and Zonyls 40 ats. Cosmetically acceptable silicones including, but not limited to the Fluorcarbon alcohols ollowing: Cosmetically acceptable aerosol propellants - including, but not limited to the following: Dimethicone Simethicone Propane Cyclomethicone Butane 45 Dimethicone ethoxylates and propoxylates Pentane Cosmetically acceptable fluorocarbons and derivatives - including, but Isobutane not limited to the following: HFC, CFC, HCFC Zonyls Fluorcarbon alcohols Bioactive glass, including sol-gel derived bioactive glass 50 Cosmetically acceptable amides - including, but not limited to the may be combined with anyhydrous and hydrous cosmetic ollowing: ingredients to created stable, non-irritating cosmetic formu atty acid diethanolamides lations. Anhydrous and hydrous cosmetic ingredients may atty acid monoethanolamides be used in a two-compartment dispensing system. A list of Fatty acid dimethylamnopropylamides exemplary anhydrous and hydrous cosmetic ingredients is 55 Cosmetically acceptable Polymers - including, but not limited to the provided in Table IV. ollowing: Polyalkenes TABLE IV Polyoxethylenes Polyoxypropylenes Anhydrous and Hydrous Ingredients Which May Be Used in a Two Polyamides Compartment Dispensing System 60 Polyesters Polyurethanes Cosmetically acceptable Glycols - including, but not limited to the Cellulosics and derivatives following: Polyacrylics Polymethacrylics Glycerin Polysiloxanes Propylene Glycol 65 Cosmetically acceptable copolymers Butylene Glycol Cosmetically acceptable cosmetic formulation bases - including, but US 7,250,174 B2 15 16 toning and exfoliating products and makeup removal prod TABLE IV-continued ucts; moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, eye treatment, hand and body lotion products; foot care products; anti-itch Anhydrous and Hydrous Ingredients Which May Be Used in a Two products; anti-bacterial, , and first aid Compartment Dispensing System products; bath and shower soap in bar, liquid and gel form not limited to the following: and bath salt products; and hair detangling prod ucts; , and products; antiper Emulsifying Waxes Lubrajels spirant and deodorant products in powder, creme, roll-on, Zilgels aerosol and Stick form; aftershave and lotion prod Jojoba Glaze 10 ucts; shaving products in creme, gel, powder and Soap Absorption Bases forms; depilatory, epilatory and hair bleaching products in creme, wax and powder forms; toothpaste products; mouth Bioactive glass, including sol-gel derived bioactive glass wash and mouth rinse products; wig and toupee powder also may be combined with cosmetic ingredients which products; shoulder pads; freckle coating products, eye drop evaporate shortly after being applied to the skin. Such 15 products; and contact lens treatment products. combinations may used to create stable, non-irritating cos Pigmentation Products metic formulations. A list of exemplary cosmetic ingredients The present invention includes novel formulations which which may evaporate after being applied to the skin is incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of pigmen provided in Table V. tation products, such as the products marketed under the brand names Bain de Soleil, Banana Boat, Coppertone, Fruit TABLE V of the Earth, Good Sense, Hawaiian Tropic, Kiss My Face, Evaporating Ingredients , and products produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. Cosmetically acceptable Alcohols - including, but not limited to the Generally, pigmentation products comprise the active ollowing: 25 ingredient dehydroxyacetone (DHA). Ethanol Common formulations of pigmentation products com Sopropano prise water, glycerin, dihydroxyacetone, octyl palmitate, n-propanol butylene glycol, cetyl alcohol, PPG-20 methyl glucose ether Cosmetically acceptable Esters - including, but not limited to the distearate, stearyl alcohol, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate ollowing: 30 crosspolymer, aloe gel, cocoa butter, DEA-cetyl phosphate, Ethyl acetate dimethicone, disodium EDTA, DMDM hydantoin, eucalyp Butyl acetate tus oil, fragrance, glyceryl Stearate, iodopropylbutylcarbam Cosmetically acceptable Ethoxylated Materials - including, but not imited to the following: ate, lanolin, magnesium aluminum silicate, PEG-100 Stear 35 ate, polysorbate 60, sodium metabisulfite, sorbic acid, Ethoxydiglycol Steareth-20, Xanthan gum and various vitamin, mineral, fruit Cosmetically acceptable silicones - including, but not limited to the and plant extracts. ollowing: Pigmentation products may also include one or more of Cyclomethicone the following: isoceteth-3 acetate, Sorbitan isostearate, Dimethicone polyduaternium-37, glycereth-7 triacetate, dicaprylate/dica Cosmetically acceptable ketones - including, but not limited to the 40 prate, PPG-1 trideceth-6, bisabolol, PEG-20 methylglucose ollowing: sesquistearate, caprylic/capric triglyceride, unasaponifables, Acetone benzyl alcohol, butylparaben, C12-15 alcohol benzoate, Methyl Ethyl Ketone caprylic/capric, triglyceride, caramel, carbamate/acrylate Cosmetically acceptable Aliphatic compounds - including, but not copolymer, carbomer, ceteareth-20, ceteth-10, ceteth-2, imited to the following: 45 cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, citric acid, diazolidinyl urea, n-alkanes dimethyl isosorbide, dipropylene glycol, disodium EDTA, branched alkanes emulsifying wax, ethoxydiglycol, ethylparaben, imidazo Permethyls lidinyl urea, isoceteth-20, isopropyl palmitate, melanin, Aerosol propellant gases methyl gluceth-20, methylparaben, octyl methoxycinamate, Cosmetically acceptable fluorocarbons, chlorofluoro carbons, hydro 50 fluoro carbons and hydro chlorofluoro carbons - including, but not panthenol, PEG-7 glyceryl cocoate, petrolatum, phenoxy imited to the following: ethanol, polydimethylsiloxane-PPG ether/IPDI copolymer, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, propylene glycol, propylpa Aerosol propellant gases raben, silicone, sodium PCA, sorbitol, steareth-2, stearic acid, tocopheryl acetate, triethanolaminel and witch hazel. One aspect of the present invention will be more clearly 55 The present invention provides for novel formulations of understood with reference to the following non-limiting pigmentation products by incorporating bioactive glass into examples of cosmetic and personal care products and for a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. In mulations which are suitable for use with bioactive glass. addition, bioactive glass itself can act as a pigment. Also, bioactive glass can be doped with various metals, including Categories of Cosmetics and Personal Care Health Products 60 The present invention will produce novel formulations of but not limited to iron, cobalt, and/or manganese, to produce a variety of cosmetic and personal care products including a desired pigmentation. but not limited to: pigmentation and Sun care products; Sun Care Products diaper, baby wipe and hand wipe, baby powder and body The present invention includes novel formulations which powder and diaper rash products; nursing pads (for bras); 65 incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of Sun care makeup products; tampon, maxipad and pantiliner products; products, such as the products marketed under the brand acne prevention and treatment products; facial cleansing, names A-FIL, Alba Botanica, Aloe Vera 80, Ambrelle, Bain US 7,250,174 B2 17 18 de Soleil, Banana Boat, Biosun, Blue Lizard, Brite-Life, (palm oil), jojoba oil, menthyl anthranilate, methylparaben, Bull Frog, Coppertone, DuraScreen, Elta Block, Esoterica, mineral oil, octadecene/MA copolymer, octocrylene, octyl Flents, Fruit of the Earth, Good Sense, Hawaiian Tropic, palmitate, octyldodecy neopentanoate, oxybenzone, paraf Jason, Kiss My Face, L.A. Tan, Lily of the Desert, Native fin, petrolatum, phenethyl alcohol, phenylbenzimidazole Tan, Nature's Gate, Neutrogena, No Ad, Off, Panama Jack, sulfonic acid, polyglyceryl-3 distearate, PPG-12/SMDI PreSun, Sea & Ski, Shade Sunblock, Sol Bar, Sunbrellas, copolymer, PPG-15 stearyl ether, proplyene glycol, propy Sun Splash, Ti-Screen, Water Babies, and products produced lparaben, PVP/hexadecene, SD alcohol 40, shea butter, by high-end and generic manufacturers. silica, Sorbitan sesquioleate, Sorbitol, Stearic acid, StearoX Pigmentation and Sun care formulations comprising bio ytrimethylsilane, stearyl alcohol, titanium dioxide, tribehe active glass provide enhanced UV protection as compared to 10 nin, trifluoromethyl C1-4 and Zinc oxide. formulations not comprising bioactive glass. While not The present invention provides for novel formulations of being bound by any specific theory, the high and irregular Sun care products by incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. Surface area of particulate bioactive glass is thought to Examples 1-3 below provide exemplary embodiments of sun contribute to this enhanced UV protection. In addition, the care formulations incorporating bioactive glass, including reactive glass surface provides a protective HCA layer to 15 offer additional UV protection, Moreover, these formula sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. tions help to mitigate the effects of Sun allergies by releasing soluble calcium. EXAMPLE 1. Bioactive glass begins to absorb UV light at wavelengths below 380 nm, and 0% transmittance was observed through Composition of Sunscreen Gel with Bioactive a polished, 5 mm glass blank for UV light with a wavelength Glass below 280 nm. Thus, bioactive glass should be an excellent sunblock for the UVB (270-320 nm) region, and a moder ately good sunblock for the UVA (320-400 nm) region of Solar radiation. The sun-blocking, effectiveness of bioactive glass should 25 INGREDIENTS wt % improve as a function of time, after it is applied to human Jojoba Glaze 82.5 skin. Bioactive glass is expected to react with human per Octyl Methoxycinnamate 7.5 spiration to form a porous, mineralogical, HAp-rich precipi Benzophenone-3 S.O tate at the glass Surface. This porous, Surface precipitate is Schott Glass Bioactive Glass (<4 Lave. part. size) S.O expected to Scatter Solar radiation, thus improving the Sun 30 blocking characteristics of the bioactive glass with reaction time. Thus, bioactive glass is considered an active sunscreen ingredient that would improve over time as perspiration from the skin would activate the scattering characteristics EXAMPLE 2 that are associated with the HAp-rich surface precipitate. 35 The transmittance through a 5 mm thick, polished sample Composition of Sunscreen Gel with Sol-gel-derived of bioactive glass that was reacted with tris-buffered saline Bioactive Glass solution to form a surface precipitate of HAp was tested. The transmittance through the pre-reacted bioactive glass was found to be less than that through the un-reacted bioactive glass at any wavelength from 280 to 600 nm. Thus, the HAp 40 layer formed by pre-reaction appears to scatter UV and INGREDIENTS wt % visible light, and the bioactive glass should be more effective Jojoba Glaze 82.5 at blocking UV radiation once it begins to react with human Octyl Methoxycinnamate 7.5 perspiration on the skin. Benzophenone-3 S.O Generally, Sun care products comprise the active ingre 45 Schott Glass sol-gel-derived bioactive glass S.O dient avobenzone, titanium oxide, Zinc oxide, oxybenzone, or Sulisobenzone. Common formulations of Sun care products comprise octyl methoxycinnamate, octyl salicylate, homosalate, ben Zalkonium chloride, water, PVP/eicosene copolymer, dioctyl 50 phosphate, triethanolamine, cetyl alcohol, retinyl palmitate, EXAMPLE 3 oat extract, tocopherol acetate, panthenol, dimethicone, tri methylsiloxysilicate, bisabolo, disodium EDTA, sorbitan Composition of Sunscreen Gel isostearate, butylene glycol, phenoxyethanol, carbomer, Xanthan gum and diasolidinyl urea. Formulas CPD3-32, J, K, N, O, R, S Sun care products may also include one or more of the 55 following: PVP/hexadecene, , 2-ethyl hexyl salicylate, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspoly Sunscreen Base Formula mer, acrylates/octylacrylamide copolymer, aloe extract, alu minum stearate, avobenzone (parsol 1789), barium sulfate, 60 benzophenone-3, benzyl alcohol, butylcarbamate, C12-15 INGREDIENTS % alkyl benzoate, ceteareth-20, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl palmi tate, cyclomethicone, DEA-cetyl phosphate, DMDM hydan Jojoba Glaze 87.5 toin, edetate disodium, elastin, emulsifying wax NF, ethyl Octyl Methoxycinnamate 7.5 hexyl P-methoxycinnamate, fluoroalkyldimethicone, Benzophenone 3 S.O fragrance, glyceryl monostearate-450, glyceryl Stearate SE, 65 1OO.O hydrolyzed collagen, hydroxypropyl cellulose, imidazolidi nyl urea, iodopropynyl, isohexadecane, isopropyl palmitate US 7,250,174 B2 19 20 Formulas to be tested ethicone, Sodium benzoate, Sodium nonoxynol-9, Sorbic CPD3-32 J=Sunscreen Base Formula (above), SPF-15 acid, tetrasodium EDTA, tocopherol acetate and various CPD3-32 K=Jojoba Glaze, SPF-0 Vitamin and plant extracts. CPD3-32 N=Sunscreen Base Formula+2% 45s, d50=1.6 L The present invention provides for novel formulations of 5 baby and hand wipe products by incorporating bioactive CPD3-32 O=Sunscreen Base Formula-i-2% 58s, d50–0.771. glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredi CPD3-32 R=Sunscreen Base Formula-i-4% 45s, d50=1.6L entS. CPD3-32 S=Sunscreen Base Formula-i-4% 58s, d50–0.77u Generally, baby powder and products com Diaper, Baby Wipe and Handwipe, Baby Powder and Body prise talc and/or corn starch, Zinc oxide and fragrance. 10 Common formulations of baby powder and body powder Powder Products, and Diaper Rash Products products comprise corn Starch or talc, Sodium bicarbonate, The present invention includes novel formulations which aloe Vera gel, tricalcium phosphate and fragrance. incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of diaper, Baby powder and body powder products may also include baby wipe and hand wipe, baby powder and body powder one or more of the following: tricalcium phosphate, bento products such as the products marketed under the brand 15 nite (natural clay), kaolin clay, polysaccharides, purified rice names A&D, Aloe Vesta, Alpharma, Ammens, Aveeno, Baby bran flour, silica, Zinc oxide, hydroxyquinoline, 8-hydrox Magic, Balmax, Borofax, Boudreaux's, Brite-Life, Burt's ycuinoline sulfate, isostearic acid, PPG-20, methyl glucose Bees, Caldesene, Calmoseptine, Cashmere Bouquet, ether, magnesium carbonate, Zinc Stearate, camphor, benza Cetaphil, Chubbs, Clinipad, Comfort Bath, Cottonelle, Des Ikonium chloride and various fruit, mineral, vitamin and itin, Diaparene, Diaper Doubler, Diaper Guard, Dr. Smith's, herbal extracts. Drypers, Flander's, Fougera, Gerber, Bond, Goodnites, The present invention provides for novel formulations of Good Sense, G&W. Huggies, Johnson & Johnson, Kid baby powder and body powder products by incorporating Fresh, Kleenex, Little Bottoms, Little Forest, Luvs, Mex bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed sana, Nature Boy & Girl, Neutrogena, Nice N Clean, ingredients. Paladin, Pampers, Phisoderm, Playtex, Pull Ups, Pure N 25 Generally, diaper rash products comprise Zinc oxide and Gentle, Purell, Shower to Shower, Smiles, Suave, Sween, fish or cod liver oil. Tom’s of Maine, Tushies, , Wash-Up, Weleda, Wet Common formulations of diaper rash products comprise Ones, and products produced by high-end and generic petrolatum, lanolin, cod liver oil, fragrance, mineral oil, manufacturers. microcrystalline wax and paraffin. The anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hygroscopic 30 Diaper rash products may also include one or more of the properties of bioactive glass are particularly useful in dia following: balsam, benzoic acid, water, bismuth Submitrate, pers, baby powders, body powders, diaper rash products and borax, silicone, methylparaben, talc, trihydroxy Stearin, bis moist towelettes to reduce inflammation, rash and odors. In abolol, polyparaben and imidazolidinyl urea. addition, bioactive glass can reduce the acidity of urine and The present invention provides for novel formulations of is activated by the aqueous nature of urine. 35 diaper rash products by incorporating bioactive glass into a Generally, diaper products comprise synthetic or natural combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. absorbent materials which absorb moisture, synthetic mate The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hygoscopic rials which prevent leakage, and fragrance and/or antibac properties of bioactive glass are particularly useful in diaper terial agents. rash products to reduce inflammation, rash and odors. The present invention provides for novel formulations of 40 diaper products by incorporating bioactive glass into a Nursing Pads (for Bras) combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. In addi Bioactive glass may also be incorporated into various tion, bioactive glass may be used in so-called adult brand brands of nursing pad (for bras), including nursing pads diaper products. marketed under the brand names Curity, Healthflow, Gerber, Generally, baby wipe or hand wipe products comprise the 45 Johnson's, Evenflo, Omron, and products produced by high active ingredient disodium cocoamphodiacetae, a protectant end and generic manufacturers. Such as silicon oil, mineral oil, fatty acids, fatty alcohols or The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of a plant oils, and a Such as aloe gel, propylene bioactive glass are particularly useful in nursing pads (bras) to reduce inflammation, rash and odors. glycol and PEG-60. 50 Common formulations of baby and hand wipe products Makeup Products comprise water, propylene glycol, PEG-75 lanolin, cocoam The present invention includes novel formulations which phodiacetate, polysorbate 20, methylparaben, 2-bromo-2- incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of makeup nitropane-1,3-diol, propylparaben, aloe Vera gel and fra products including mascara, eyeshadow, eyeliner and eye grance. 55 brow pencil, blush, , , Baby and hand wipe products may also include one or , , lip treatment, lipliner, and nail more of the following: cocamidopropyl PG-dimonium chlo polish remover products such as the products marketed ride phosphate, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspoly under the brand names , Alpha Hydrox, Aromathera mer, acetamidopropyl trimonium chloride, acrylates copoly paes, Bari, Black Radiance, Blistex, Bonnie Bell, Brite-Life, mer, alkyl polyglycoside, aminomethyl propanol, 60 Burt’s Bees, Caboodles, Carmex, Chap-et, ChapStick, Chat , benzoic acid, C12-15 alkyl ben term, Clinipad, Coty, Cover Girl, Curity, , Dermatone, Zoate, citric acid, diazolidinyl urea, dimethicone, disodium Garden Botanika, Herpecin-L, Jane, Jason, Kid Care, EDTA, disodium phosphate, DMDH hydantoin, ethyl alco L'Oreal, Liquimat, Loud Music, M Professional, Max Fac hol, glycerin, isopropyl myristate, malic acid, nonoxynol 9, tor, , Milani, Natural Ice, Neutrogena, Noxzema, oleth-20, phosphate, phospholipid CDM, phospholipid EFA, 65 Ocusoft, Oil of Olay, Orly, Petersons, Purpose, , polyaminopropyl , potassium laureth phosphate, Sally Hansen, Savex, Softlips, Stay Free, Tampax, United potassium Sorbate, retinyl palmitate, SD alcohol 40, sim Colors of Benetton Cosmetics, Ultimates, Vaseline, Viractin, US 7,250,174 B2 21 22 Wet 'n' Wild, Woltra, Zilactin, and products produced by manganese violet, methyl polysiloxane, mica, mineral oil, high-end and generic manufacturers. octyldodecyl Stearoyl Stearate, paraffin, parahydroxyben The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of bio Zoate ester, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene active glass are particularly useful in makeup products to copolymer, propylene carbonate, quaternium-15, Saturated reduce bacteria and inflammation. fatty acid glycerides, sodium dehydroacetate, soybean phos Generally, mascara products comprise talc, a wax prod pholipid soybean lecithin, Stearic acid, titanium dioxide, uct, a preservative and coloring agents. trilaurin, trioctanion, ultramarines, Zinc oxides, iron oxides, Common formulations of mascara products comprise ferric ferrocyanide, ferric ammonium ferrocyanide, carmine, water, beeswax, cyclopentasilosane, glyceryl Stearate, PPG polyglyceryl-3 diisoStearate, hydrogenated coco-glycerides, 17 copolymer, carnuba wax, Stearic acid, paraffin, butylene 10 ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, nylon-12, pentahy glycol, EDTA, polyethylene, nylon-12, polymethyl drosqualene, acrylates copolymer, polyglycery-4 isostearate, methacrylate, PVP copolymer, PVP silica, triethanolamine, laurylmethicone copolyol, perfluoropolymethyliospropeth synthetic wax, hydrolyzed corn starch, panthenol, dimethi phosphate, butylparaben, phenoxyethanol and various col conol, isoceteth-20, hydroxyethyl cellulose, diazolidyl urea, oring agents. methylparaben, simethicone, butylparaben, disodium octy 15 The present invention provides for novel formulations of lacrylamide/acrylates/butyl aminoethyl methacrylate eyeshadow products by incorporating bioactive glass into a copolymer, cocoamphodiacetate, tocopheryl acetate, isopro combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. pyl titanium trisostrearate, lecithin, triethylamine, 2-olea Generally, eyeliner and eyebrow pencil products comprise mido-1,3-octadecanediol and propylparaben. talc, mica, polyethylene, fluorethylene, magnesium Stearate Mascara products may also include one or more of the and coloring agents. following: mica, TEA-stearate, glyceryl Stearate, tricontanyl Common formulations of eyeliner and eyebrow pencil PVP, silk powder, diglycol/CHDM/Isophthalates/sip products comprise cyclomethicone, synthetic beeswax, copolymer, PTFE, stearate, sorbitan laurate, polysorbate 20, arachidyl behenate, microcrystalline wax, quaternium-18 acacia, acrylates copolymer, alcohol denatured, aminom hectorite, mineral oil, propylene carbonate, methylparaben, ethyl propandiol, ammonium acrylates copolymer, ammo 25 propylparaben and BHT. nium hydroxide, ammonium lanolate, ascorbyl palmitate, Eyeliner and eyebrow pencil products may also include benzyl alcohol. BHA, butyl stearate. C9-11 isoparaffin, one or more of the following: PPG-2 myristyl ether propi candelilla wax, carmine, cetyl alcohol, cetyl Stearate, chro onate ceresin, castor oil, vegetable oil, lanolin, aluminum mium hydroxide green, citric acid, cyclomethicone, ethylpa powder, bronze powder, copper powder, Zinc oxide, alumi raben, fragrance, glycerin, glyceryl rosinate, hydgroplex 30 num powder, ammonium hydroxide, ascorbic acid, ascorbyl Hhg Whn, hydrolyzed keratin, hydroxyethylcellulose, imi palmitate, benzyldimethylstearylammonium hectorite, dazolidinyl urea, iron oxides, kaolin, magnesium aluminum BHA, bismuth oxychloride, butyl stearate, butylene glycol, silicate, methyl ethyl propylbutylparabens/phenoxyethanol, butylparaben, candelilla wax, caprylic/capric acid triglycer MIPA-lanolate, MIPA-oleate, nnoxynol-10, oleic acid, oleyl ide, carmine, carnaubacetyl alcohol, carnauba wax, ceresin, alcohol, PEG-100 stearate, pentaerythrity1 tetrastearate, phe 35 cerotic acid, cetyl alcohol, cetyl esters, cetyl palmitate, noxyethanol, polybutene, polyethylene, polyduaternium 10, chromium hydroxide green, chromium oxide greens, citric polyvinyl alcohol, potassium Ocotxynol-12, phosphate, pro acid, diazolidinyl urea, dimethicone, ferric ammonium fer pylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propyl, quaternium-15. rocyanide, fish glycerides, glycerin, hydrogenated castor oil, quaternium-18, hectorite, quaternium-22, SD alcohol 40-B, hydrogenated coco-glycerides, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, silica, silk powder, sodium dehydroacetate, Sodium laureth 40 hydrogenated fish oil, hydrogenated palm glycerides, hydro Sulfate, Sodium lauryl Sulfate, sodium polymethacrylate, genated vegetable oil, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxylated Sorbitan sesquioleate, talc, titanium dioxide, , trim lanolin, ipphilic glyceryl monooleate, iron oxides, isopropyl ethylsiloxysilicate, trisodium EDTA, ultramarines and Xan C12-15-pareth-9 carboxylate, japan wax, lipophilic glyceryl than gum. monostearate, manganese violet, mellisic acid, methyl pol The present invention provides for novel formulations of 45 ysiloxane, mica, myricyl alcohol, oleoStearine, oZokerite, mascara products by incorporating bioactive glass into a paraffin, parahydroxybenzoate ester, PEG-8, polyethylene, combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. polysorbate 60, PPG-15, PPG-5 eteth-20, PVP laureth-4, Generally, eyeshadow products comprise talc, mica, poly quaternium-18 bentonite, Saturated fatty acid glycerides, ethylene fluorethylene, magnesium Stearate and coloring silica, Sorbitan Stearate, soybean phospholipid soybean leci agents. 50 thin, Stearic acid, Stearyl heptanoate, styrenefacrylates Common formulations of eyeshadow products comprise copolymerm, talc, tallow glyceride, titanium dioxide, toco cyclomethicone, talc, boron nitride, trimethylsiloxysilicate, pheryl acetate, tristearin, ultramarines, various mineral, Vita polyethylene, synthetic wax, microcrystalline wax, Zinc min, water, Zinc Stearate and various vegetable and plant Stearate, kaolin, dimethicone, retinyl palmitate, tocopheryl eXtractS. acetate, aloe extract, silk powder, silica PTFE, dehydroace 55 The present invention provides for novel formulations of tic acid, methylparaben, propylparaben, ethylparaben and eyeliner and eyebrow pencil products by incorporating bio diazolidinyl urea. active glass into a combination of any of the above-listed Eyeshadow products may also include one or more of the ingredients. following: ascorbyl palmitate, beeswax, benzyldimethyl Generally, blush products comprise talc, a preservative, stearylammonium hectorite, BHT, bismuth oxychloride, 60 an emollient, and coloring agents. C12-C15 alkyl benzoate, calcium silicate, candelilla wax, Common formulations of blush products comprise dime caprylic?capric acid tryglyceride, carnauba wax, chromium thicone, octyl palmitate, talc, nylon-12, neopentyl glycol hydroxide green, chromium oxide greens iron oxides, citric disooctanoate, tribehenin, isostearyl behenate, boron acid, coco caprylate caprate, D1 tocopherol, hydrogenated nitride, acrylates copolymer, tocopherol, retinyl palmitate, oil, hydroxylated lanolin, imidazolidinyl urea, isopropyl 65 methoxypropylgluconamide, chitin extract, sodium hyalur triisostearoyl titanate, lauroyl lysine, lauryl lysine, lecithin, onate, hydrolyzed glucosaminoglycans, lecithin, candelilla lipophilic glyceryl monoStearate, magnesium carbonate, wax, soy amino acids, mimosa wax, pentahydrosqualene, US 7,250,174 B2 23 24 Sorbitan trioleate, water, propylene glycol, silica, phenoxy philic glyceryl monostearate, magnesium aluminum silicate, ethanol, titanium butylparaben, isopropylparaben, isobu magnesium carbonate, magnesium Sulfate, methicone, tylparaben, BHA, lauryl lysine and methyldihydroias methyl glucose sesquistearate, methyl polysiloxane, mica, monate. mineral oil, myristyl lactate, octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, Blush products may also include one or more of the octyl methoxycinamate, octyl palmitate, octyl salicylate, following: acetylated lanolin alcohol, allantoin, ascorbyl octyl Stearate, octyldodecanol, octyldodecy neopentanoate, palmitate, barium sulfate. BHT, bismuth oxychloride, octyldodecyl Stearoyl Stearate, oZokerite, panthenol, pectin, butylparaben, C12-15, alkylbenzoate, calcium silicate, cam PEG-100 stearate, PEG-2 stearate, PEG-20 sorbitan bees phor, carbomer, carmine, cethyl acetate, clove oil, coco wax, PEG-32, PEG-6, PEG-8, petrolatum, phenyl dimethi caprylate caprate, diazolidinyl urea, ethylparaben, eucalyp 10 cone, polyethylene, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglyc tus oil, ferric ammonium ferrocyanide, ferric ferrocyanidea, eryl-6, ricinoleate, polyisobutene, polysorbate 60, propylene fragrance, imidazolidinyl urea, iron oxides, kaolin, manga glycol, PVP quaternium-18 hectorite, SD alcohol 40 b, silk nese violet, menthol, methylparaben, mica, midazolidinyl powder, sodium chloride, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium urea, mineral oil, oat flour, octyldodecyl Stearoyl Stearate, hyaluronate, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Sorbic acid, Sorbi panthenol, polyethylene, polyoxymethylene urea, polysor 15 tan sesquioleate, Stearic acid, Stearoxytrimethylsilane, bate 20, polysorbate 80, quaternium-15, sodium dehydroac Stearyl alcohol, Stearyl Stearoyl Stearate, t-butyl hydro etate, tetrasodium editapropylparaben, tin oxide, titanium quinone, tetrasodium EDTA, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl dioxide, triethanolamine, trimethylsiloxysilicate, trioctan linoleate, tricontanyl PVP triethanolamine, trihydroxys ion, ultramarines, various coloring agents, various plant tearin, trimethylsiloxysilicate, trisodium EDTA, tristearin, extracts, Zinc Stearate, hydrogenated coco-glycerides, octyl ultramarine blue, va/vinylbutylbenzoate, Xanthumgum and hydroxy Stearate, ultramarines and various coloring agents. various coloring agents. The present invention provides for novel formulations of The present invention provides for novel formulations of blush products by incorporating bioactive glass into a com concealer and foundation products by incorporating bioac bination of any of the above-listed ingredients. tive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed Generally, concealer and foundation products comprise 25 ingredients. isoeicosane, carnauba, polyglyceryl-3 diisoStearate, silica, Generally, face powder products comprise talc, a preser titanium oxide and coloring agents. Vative, calcium Stearate, and coloring agents. Common formulations of concealer and foundation prod Common formulations of face powder products comprise ucts comprise water, butylene glycol, dimethicone, isos talc, mineral oil, Zinc Stearate, kaolin, aluminum starch tearyl alcohol, synthetic wax, cyclomethicone, PEG-20 30 octenylsuccinate, acrylates copolymer, silk powder, silica, methyl glucose sesquistearate, sodium Stearate, tribehenin, propylparaben, methylparaben, calcium silicate, imidazo polymethyl methacrylate, salicylic acid, hydrolyzed veg lidinyl urea, iron dioxides and ultramarines. etable protein, silica, talc, microcrystalline wax, dimethi Face powder products may also include one or more of the cone copolyol, polyglyceryl-6-polyricinoleate, aluminum following: acetylated lanolin alcohol, ascorbyl palmitate, Stearate, boron nitride, dimethiconol. diisoStearyl malate, 35 beeswax, BHT, bismuth oxychloride, camphor, caprylic/ casein, carrageenan, tocopheryl acetate, retinyl palmitate, capric triglyceride, carmine, clove oil, cyclomethicon, dex aloe extract, ascorbic acids, menthol, calcium chloride, trin, diazolidinyl urea, dimethicone, ethylene? acrylic acid nylon-12, perfluoropolymethylisopropyl ether, methylpara copolymer, ethylparaben, eucalyptus oil, fragrance, glyceryl ben, propylparaben and phenoxyethanol. rosinate, hydrogentated lecithin, isopropyl palmitate, lauroyl Concealer and foundation products may also include one 40 lysine, lecithin, magnesium Stearate, magnesium sulfate, or more of the following: paraffin, pentaerythrity1 tetrastear manganese violet, menthol, methicone, methyl-ethyl-pro ate, octyl hydroxystearate, ceteareth-20, setereth-2, DMDM pyl-ibutylparabens/phenoxyethanol, mica, nylon-12, oat hydantoin, quaternium-15, dextrin, calcium silicate, Zinc flour, octyl palmitate, octyldodecanol Stearoyl Stearate, stearate, octyldodecyl myristate, tridecyl trimelitate, bis octyldodecyl myristate, panthenol, phenoxyethanol, phenyl digly-ceryl caprylate/capratefisostearate/stea, glyceryl rosi 45 trimethicone, polysorbate 20, propylene glycol, quaternium nate, acetylated glycol Stearate, acetylated lanolin, acety 15, quaternium-18 hectorite, retinyl palmitate, Sodium dehy lated lanolin alcohol, acrylates copolymer, alcohol droacetate, sodium hydrogenated tallow glutamate, Sorbitan denatured, alkyl octanoate, allantoin, aluminum hydroxide, sesquioleate, Sorbitan trioleate, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl aluminum starch octenylsuccinate, aminoethylpropanol, acetate, triclosan, tridecyl trimellitate, various coloring arachidyl behenate, ascorbyl palmitate, barium sulfate, bees 50 agents, various plant extracts, water, aloe extract and allon wax, bentonite, benzoic acid, BHA, BHT, bisabolol, bisa toin. codyl, bismuth oxychloride, butylparaben, C12-15 alcohols The present invention provides for novel formulations of octanoate, C12-15 alkylbenzoate, calcium aluminum boro face powder products by incorporating bioactive glass into silicate, candelilla wax, caprylic/capric triglyceride, car a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. nauba, castor oil, cellulose gum, cetearyl alcohol, cetearyl 55 Generally, lipstick and lip gloss products comprise castor octanoate, cethyl acetate, cetyl alcohol, cetyl dimethicone oil, caprylic/capric triglycerides, Stearic acid, lanolin, poly copolyol, cocoyl sarcosine, diazolidinyl urea, dicaprylate/ butene, mineral oil, kanolin, silica, BHT, and coloring dicaprate, dioctyl adipate, dipropylene glycol, disodium agents. EDTA, disopropyl dimer dilinoleate, ethylene brassylate, Common formulations of lipstick and lip gloss products ethylene/methacrylate copolymer, ethylene/vinyl acetate 60 comprise trictyldodecyl citrate, isotridecyl isononanoate, copolymer, fragrance, glycerin, glyceryl Stearate, hexyl lau C10-20 cholesterol/lanosterol esters, synthetic beeswax, rate, hydrogenated coco-glycerides, hydrogenated poly paraffin, cetyl alcohol, candelilla wax, aloe extract, retinyl isobutane, imidazolidinyl urea, iron oxides, isocetyl Stearate, palmitate, tocopheryl acetate, ascorbyl palmitate, sodium isododecane, isooctahexacontane, isopropyl isoStearate, iso hyaluronate, PEG-20 sorbitan beeswax, quaternium-18 hec propyl palmitate, isopropyl titanium triisoStearate, isostearyl 65 torite, benzoic acid, BHA, methylparaben, propylparaben, neopentanoate, isostearyl palmitate, kaolin, lanolin, lanolin titanium dioxide, mica, iron dioxides and various coloring alcohol, lanolin oil, laureth-7, lauroyl lysine, lecithin, lipo agents. US 7,250,174 B2 25 Lipstick and lip gloss products may also include one or more of the following: acetylated lanolin, acrylates copoly -continued mer, allantoin, ascorbyl palmitate, beeswax, bis-diglyceryl polyacyladipate-2, bismuth oxychloride, butylparaben, C10 INGREDIENTS wt %. A wt % B wt % C 30 cholesterol/lanosterol esters, carnauba, castor oil, cethyl Methyl Paraben O.1 O.1 O.1 acetate, cetyl dimethicone copolyol, cetyl octanoate, citric Propyl Paraben O.2 O.2 O.2 acid, cocoa butter, coconut oil, cyclomethicone, cyclopen Schott Glass 45s5 (<4 Lave. part. size) O.1 O.1 O.1 tasiloxane, cyclotetrasiloxane, diisopropyl, dimer dili Part C noleate, dimethicone, trissostearyl citrate, D1-tocopherol, Tac USP 1O.O drometrizole, D-tocopherol, ethylcellulose, fragrance, glyc 10 Bioglass 45s (c) 1.6 L 1O.O eryl oleate, grapeseed oil, hexyl laurate, hydrogenated poly Bioglass 58s (a) 0.77 I. 1O.O isobutene, hydrogenated Soy glyceride, hydrogenated veg etable oil, hydrolyzed collagen, hydrolyzed 1OOO 1OOO 1OO.O glucosaminoglycans, isocetyl Stearate, isododecane, isopro pyl myristate, isostearyl palmitate, lanolin, magnesium 15 Observations: ascorbyl phosphate, menthol, methicone, methyl glucose 1) The Talc Formula did not set as well/quickly as either sesquistearate, microcrystalline wax, mineral oil, myristyl glass. lactate, neopentyl glycol dicoctanoate, octyl hydroxy Stear 2) The 58s glass formula set up somewhat faster and ate, octyl methoxycinnamate, octyl palmitate, octyldode appeared to make a smoother product as compared to the canol, oleyl alcohol, oxybenzone, oZokerite, padimate, PEG 45s glass formula. 20 sorbitan beeswax, pentaerythrityl tetrabehenate, 3) The Talc formula showed more feathering (bleeding) at 1 pentaerythrity1 tetraisoStearate, petrolatum, phytosterol/oc hr. tyldodecyl lauroyl glutamate, polybutene, polyethelene, Generally, lip treatment products comprise , polyethylene, polyglyceryl-2 diisoStearate, polyglyceryl-3 healants and protectants such as petrolatum jelly. disoStearate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polymethysilses 25 quioxane, PPG 51/Smdi copolymer, propyl gallate, propy Common formulations of lip treatment products comprise lene glycol, PVP/hexadecene copolymer, sesame oil, shellac white petrolatum, ethylhexyl P-methoxycinnamate, carnuba, wax, silica, Sodium hyaluronate, Sodium lactate, sodium hydroxylated milk glycerides, nylon-12, paraffin, tocopheryl PCA, sodium phosphate, Sodium saccharin, Sorbic acid, acetate, bisabolol, retinyl palmitate, panthenol, lecithin, squalane, Stearic acid, Stearyl dimethicone, Sucrose acetate 30 Stearic, soya Stearol, Zinc sulfate, sodium saccaharin, various isobutyrate, T-butyl , tocopheryl acetate, tri natural and artificial flavorings and various plant extracts. hydroxystearin, triisostearyl citrate, trilso stearin, trimethyl Lip treatment products may also include one or more of siloxysilicate, urea, various natural and artificial flavorings, the following: 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 2-octyldodecanol, various vitamin agents, water, wheat germ oil, caprylic/ allantoin, aloe extract, alum, arachadyl propionate, beeswax, capric triglyceride, ceresin, trifluoromethyl C1-4 alkyl dime 35 benzoic acid, benzophenone-3, BHT, bisacodyl, borage seed thicone, arachidyl propionate, phenyl trimethicon and BHT. oil, camphor, carnuba wax, castor oil, cetyl alcohol, cetyl esters, cocoa butter, corn oil, dimethicone, dimethicone, The present invention provides for novel formulations of dipentaerythrityl hexacaprate/hexacaprylate, fragrance, lipstick and lipgloss products by incorporating bioactive hydrogenated castor oil, isopropyl lanolate, kukui nut oil, glass, into a combination of any of the above-listed ingre lanolin, menthol, methylparaben, microcrystalline wax, dients. 40 mineral oil, mixed wax, octadecene/ma copolymer, octyl Example 4 below provides an exemplary embodiments of methoxycinamate, octyl palmitate, oxybenzone, oZokerite, lipstick formulations incorporating bioactiv glass. padimate, paraffin, petrolatum, , polybutene, polyphenylmethylsiloxane 556, polythylene, propylparaben, EXAMPLE 4 purified water, saccharin, salicylic acid, SD alcohol 36, 45 Stearyl alcohol, Sunflower seed oil, talc, tridecyl Stearate, Lipstick with Bioglass tridecyl trimellitate, triisoStearin esters, various coloring agents, wax paraffin and white wax. Formulas CPD3-33 A, B, C The present invention provides for novel formulations of 50 lip treatment products by incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. Generally, lipliner products comprise a wax product, a preservative, mineral oil, Stearic acid and coloring agents. INGREDIENTS wt % A wt % B wt % C Common formulations of lipliner products comprise cas Part A 55 tor oil, isopropyl palmitate, lanolin, beeswax, candelilla Red 7 Ca Lake 3.0 3.0 3.0 wax, meadowfoam seed oil, fragrance, Sesame oil, poly Red 6 Ba Lake 1.O 1.O 1.O butene, ozokerite, dioctyldodecyl fluoroheptyl citrate, car Red 33 Al Lake 1.O 1.O 1.O nuba wax, paraffin, hydrogenated Soy glyceride, propylene Castor Oil 1S.O 1S.O 1S.O glycol, Stearic acid, Sodium saccharin, propylparaben, pro Part B 60 pyl gallate and citric acid. Castor Oil 30.6 30.6 30.6 Lipliner products may also include one or more of the Carnauba Wax 2.0 2.0 2.O following: aloe extract, BHA, bismuth oxychloride, bronze Candellila Wax 7.0 7.0 7.0 powder, butylparaben, carmine, castor oil, ceresin, copper Ozokerite Wax 2.0 2.0 2.O Microcrystalline Wax 3.0 3.0 3.0 powder, cyclomethicone, disoStearyl dimer dilinoleate, Jojoba Oil 2SO 2SO 2S.O 65 hydrated silica, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated cot Vitamin E 1S.O 1S.O 1S.O tonseed oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil, iron oxides, man ganese violet methylparaben, mica, PEG-6 beeswax, poly US 7,250,174 B2 27 28 butene, quaternium-18 bentonite, retinyl palmitate, sodium EXAMPLE 5 saccharin, synthetic wax, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl acetate, various coloring agents, various natural and artificial Composition of Anhydrous Nail-Strengthening Gel flavorings, Zinc oxide, asorbyl palmitate, Saturated fatty acid I glycerides, caprylic/capric acid triglycerides, glyceryl tri palmitate, parahydroxybenzoate ester, soybean phospho lipid, soybean lecithin and lipophilic glyceryl monostearate. The present invention provides for novel formulations of INGREDIENTS wt % products by incorporating bioactive glass into a 10 Jojoba Glaze 80.0 combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. Schott Glass Bioactive Glass (<4 Lave. part. size) 2O.O Generally, nail polish products comprise nitrocellulose, a lacquer dissolved in solvents such as acetone or ethyl alcohol and coloring agents. Common formulations of nail polish products comprise 15 EXAMPLE 6 ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, , nitrocellulose, glyceryl tribenzoate, acetyl tributyl citrate, Stearalkonium Composition of Anhydrous Nail-Strengthening Gel bentonite, Stearalkonium hectorite, glyceryl triacetate, cam II phor, SD alcohol 40, citric acid, malic acid, phosphoric acid, 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4 hydroxyben and tin oxide. Nail polish products may also include one or more of the INGREDIENTS wt % following: acrylates copolymer, algae extract, aluminum, Jojoba Glaze 90.0 Schott Glass Bioactive Glass (<4 Lave. part. size) 1O.O amyul acetate, benzophenone-1, biotin, bismuth oxychlo 25 ride, chromium hydroxide green, chromium oxide greens, diacetone alcohol, dibutyl phthalate, dimethicone copolyol. dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, ethyl tosylamide, etocrylene, ferric ammonium ferrocyanide, ferric ferrocyanide, fiber EXAMPLE 7 glass, fragrance, glycois copolymer, guanine, hydrated 30 silica, iron oxides, isobutyl acetate, manganese violet, Composition of Nail Gel (Anhydrous with methyl acetate, mica, N-butyl alcohol, oxidized polyethyl Bioactive Glass) ene, panthenol, phthalic anhydride, phthalic anhydride/glyc erin/glycidyl decandate cop, phthalic anhydride/trimellitic anhydride/glycols copolymer, polyester resin, polyethylene 35 terephithlate, propyl acetate, retinyl palmitate, silica, silver, INGREDIENTS wt % styrenefacrylates copolymer, Sucrose acetate isobutyrate, Glycerin 90SO styrenefacrylates/acrylonitrile copolymer, tetrabutyl phenyl Pemulen (R TR-2 O45 Schott Glass Bioactive (<4 Lave. part. size) 9. OS hydroxybenzoate, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl acetate, 40 tosylamide? epoxy resin, tosylamide/formaldehyde resin, 1OOOO tribenzoin, trimellitic anhydride, ultramarines, various col oring agents, Stearalkonium hectorite, dimethicone copolyol, acrylate copolymer, dipropylene glycol diben EXAMPLE 8 Zoate, tribenzoin, biotin, panthenol, retinyl palmitate, toco 45 pheryl acetate, aluminum powder, bismuth oxychloride, Composition of Skin and Nail Treatment polyester resin, Sucrose acetate isobutyrate, diacetone alco (Anhydrous with Sol-gel-derived Bioactive Glass) hol, benzophenone-1, guanine, toluene, tosylamide/formal dehyde resin, dibutyl phthalate, tetrabutyl phenyl hydroxy benzoate, titanium dioxide, iron dioxides, mica, ferric 50 ammonium ferrocyanide, calcium pantothenate, heptane, etocrylene, acetyl tributy citrate, hydrolyzed keratin and INGREDIENTS wt % various coloring agents. Jojoba Glaze 91.5 Brown Iron Oxide O.S The present invention provides for novel formulations of Titanium Dioxide O.S nail polish products by incorporating bioactive glass into a 55 Tac - USP 2.5 combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. Schott Glass sol-gel-derived bioactive glass S.O Bioactive glass and sol-gel derived bioactive glass reacts with aqueous fluids to form a solution that is rich in inorganic elements, such as calcium, phosphorous, sodium and silicon. These inorganic elements can precipitate on 60 Generally, nail polish remover products comprise acetone nails to form a mineralogical layer (i.e., hydroxyapatite). or ethyl acetate. Common formulations of nail polish remover products This mineralogical layer is expected to add strength to comprise ethyl acetate, alcohol, water, propylene carbonate, nails. dimethyl glutarate, dimethyl Succinate, dimethyl adipate, Examples 5-8 below provide exemplary embodiments of 65 gelatin, glycerin, diglycerol, fragrance, isopropanol, propyl nail care formulations incorporating bioactive glass, includ acetate, benzophenone-1, castor oil and various coloring ing sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. agents. US 7,250,174 B2 29 30 Nail polish remover products may also include one or The antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of more of the following: acetone, citric acid, denatonium bioactive glass are particularly useful in acne prevention and benzoate, PEG-75 lanolin oil, mineral oil, panthenol and treatment products. Bioactive glass can be used in topical tocopheryl acetate. acne creams to reduce inflammation, while also killing the Bioactive glass may be incorporated into a combination of 5 bacteria and micro-organisms that cause acne. any of the above-listed ingredients. Facial Cleansing, Toning, Exfoliating and Makeup Removal Tampon, Maxipad and Pantiliner Products Products The present invention includes novel formulations which The present invention includes novel formulations which incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of tampon, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of facial maxipad and pantiliner products Such as the products mar 10 cleansing, toning, exfoliating products and makeup removal keted under the brand names Always, Carefree, Kotex, o.b. products such as the products marketed under the brand Playtex, Tampax, and products produced by high-end and names Aapri, Albolene, Almay, Alpha Hydrox, Ambi, Aqua generic manufacturers. Glycolic, Aquanil Lotion, Artra, Aveeno, Basis, Biore, Generally, tampon products comprise cotton and/or rayon 15 Bodycology, Bonnie Bell, Brite-Life, Burts's Bees, overwrap and cotton cord. Camocare, Cetaphil, Clean & Clear, Clairol, , Tampon products may also include one or more of the Clearly Natural, Cover Girl, Curad, Dickinson's, DML. following: polyethylene/polyester cover, polysorbate-20, Earth Science, Freeman, Garden Botanika, Ionax, Jason, fragrance, and a plastic or cardboard applicator. Jergens, Johnson & Johnson, Keri, Kiss My Face, La Bella, Generally, maxipad and pantiliner products comprise cel L'Oreal, Maybelline, Moisturel, Neutrogena, , lulose, plastic and adhesive strips. Maxipad and pantiliner Noxzema, Oil of Olay, Oxy, Phisoderm, Plenitude, Ponds, products may also include a fragrance. Propa pH, Purpose, Reviva, Revlon, RoC, Sea Breeze, The present invention provides for novel formulations of Seban, St. Ives Swiss Formula, Stiefel, Stridex, Suave, tampon, maxipad and pantiliner products by incorporating T-Zone, Ten-O-Six, Vegee Tonic, and products produced by bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed 25 high-end and generic manufacturers. ingredients. Generally, facial cleansing, toning, or exfoliating products The antimicrobial and hygroscopic effects of bioactive or makeup removal products comprise camphor, water, glass are particularly useful in tampon, maxipad, and pant menthol, Stearic acid, calcium hydroxide, ammonium iliner products to reduce bacteria and odor. hydroxide and an exfoliant Such as alpha or beta hydroxy Acne Prevention and Treatment Products 30 acid, retinoic acid, azelaic acid or adapelene. The present invention includes novel formulations which Common formulations of facial cleansing, toning, exfo incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of acne liating products and makeup removal products comprise prevention and treatment products such as the products water, glycerin, Sodium laureth Sulfate, cocamidopropyl marketed under the brand names Acne Aid, Aconmel, betaine, tocopheryl acetate, panthenol, methyl lactate, cary Aveeno, Biore, Burt’s Bees, Clean & Clear, Clear Logix, 35 lates/steareth-20, methacrylate copolymer, Xanthan gum, Clearasil, Desert Essence, Exact, Fostex, Garden Botanika, microcrystalline wax, sodium magnesium, silicate, sodium Hyland's Homeopathic, Ionax, Jason, Johnson & Johnson, hydroxide, fragrance, DMDM hydantoin, iodopropynlbutyl Kiss My Face, Liquimat, Neutrogena, Noxzema, Orange carbamate, various vitamin, mineral, fruit and vegetable Daily, Oxy, Pamoxyl, Pernox, Ponds, Rezamid, Sal Ac, extracts and various coloring agents. Salicylic Acid, Sastid, Sebasorb, Stiefel, Stridex, Suave, 40 Facial cleansing, toning, and exfoliating products and Sulforcin, Sulfur Soap, Sulpho-Lac, T-Zone, Zirh, and prod makeup removal products may also include one or more of ucts produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. the following: 1-hexadecanol, iodopropyl butylcarbamate, Generally, acne prevention and treatment products com acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl, allantoin, prise the active ingredient benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid. ammonium hydroxide, beeswax, benzophenone-4, benzyl Common formulations of acne prevention and treatment 45 alcohol, beta carotene, BHT, boric acid, butylene glycol, products comprise active ingredients consisting of a com butylparaben, camphor, caprylic?capric triglyceride, car bination of resorcinol, sulfur and alcohol or benzoyl perox bomer, ceresin, ceteareth-20, cetearyl alcohol, cetearyl ide. isononanoate, cetyl alcohol, cetyl hydroxyethylcellulose, Acne prevention and treatment products may also include cetyl octanoate, chlorhexidrine digluconate, chromium one or more of the following inactive ingredients: alcohol, 50 hydroxide green, citric acid, cocamide mea, cocamidopropyl attapulgite, bentonite, butylparaben, carbomer, citric acid, phosphatidyl pg-dimonium chloride, cocamidopropylamine dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, disodium EDTA, edetate oxide, colloidal oatmeal, corn germ oil, dea-cetyl phosphate, disodium, EDTA, fragrance, glycerin, hydroxyethylcellu diazolidinyl urea, dicaprylate/dicaprate, dimethicone, diso lose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, iron oxides, isopropyl dium EDTA, disodium laureth Sulfosuccinate, disodium myristate, kaolin, lauramide dea, methylparaben, parachlo 55 lauroamphodiacetate, disodium oleamido PEG-2 sulfosuc rometaxylenol, PEG-8 laurate, potassium hydroxide, propy cinate, disodium ricinoleamido mea-sulfo Succinate, edetate lene glycol, propylparaben, salicylic acid, simethicone, disodium, EDTA, ethoxydiglycol, ethylparaben, gelatin, sodium bisulfite, sodium borohydride, sodium chloride, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl polymethacrylate, glyceryl Stear Sodium cocoate, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium polynapthalene ate, glycol DS, hexylene glycol, hydroxycetyl hydroxyethyl Sulfonate, sodium tallowate, talc, titanium dioxide, triso 60 dimonium chloride, hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltri dium hedta, various plant and mineral extracts, water, Xan monium chloride, hydroxypropylcellulose, imidazolidinyl than gum, Zinc oxide, aluminum hydroxide, glyceryl Stearate urea, iron oxides, isocetyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, SE and PEG-12. isopropyl palmitate, lactic acid, lanolin oil, laureth-4, lau The present invention provides for novel formulations of reth-9, lauric acid, lauryl phosphate, lauryl polyglucose, acne prevention and treatment products by incorporating 65 magnesium aluminum silicate, menthol, methyl gluceth 20, bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed methylchloroisothiazolinone, methyldibromo glutaronitirle, ingredients. methylisothiazolinone, methylparaben, mineral oil, myristic US 7,250,174 B2 31 32 acid, octyl hydroxyStearate, olive oil, palmitic acid, paraffin, Lift, Formula 405, Fougera, Freeman, Fruit of the Earth, PEG-10 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-10 soya sterol, PEG Galderma, Garden Botanika, Gold Bond, Golden Sun, Good 100 stearate, PEG-120 glucose dioleate, PEG-120 methyl Sense, Healthflow, Hydrox-C, Jamieson & Co., J. C. Bril glucose dioleate, PEG-150 distearate, PEG-2 stearate, PEG lantine, Jason, Jean Nate, Jergens, Jockey Club, KC & 20, PEG-200 glyceryl tallowate, PEG-3 distearate, PEG-7 Company, Keri, Kerodex 51, Kiss My Face, La Bella, glyceryl cocoate, PEG-8, PEG-80 sorbitan laurate, PEG-9 Lac-Hydrin Five, LactiCare, Lady Esther, Lander, Lanolar, tridecyl ether, pentasodium penetate, petrolatum, PG-acetate Lantiseptic, Little Forest, Lubrex, Lubriderm, MG-217, phosphate, phenoxyethanol, phenylethyl alcohol, poloxamer Moisturel, Nate Naturals, Naturade, Naturalife, Nature's 184, polydecene, polyol alkoxy esters, polyoxyethylene 15 Apothecary, Natures Family, Nature's Gate, Neutrogena, cocoamine phosphatefoleate comp, polyduaternium-10, 10 Nivea, Noxzema, Nutraderm, Nutra-E, Nutraderm, Nutra polyduaternium-24, polyduaternium-7 capryloyl salicylic plu, Oilatum Ad, Oil of Olay, Optimum Series, Orange acid, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, potas Daily, Pacquin, Palmer's, Pen-Kera, Perfect Solutions, Petal sium hydroxide, potassium myristate, potassium palmitate, Fresh, Plenitude, Ponds, Porcelana, Prax, Pretty Feet & potassium sorbate, potassium stearate, PPG-10 butanediol, Hands, Proteque, Purpose, Queen Helene, Revlon, Rex Eme, PPG-10 methyl glucose ether, PPG-12 buteth-16, PPG-15 15 RoC, Rose Milk, Sarah Michaels, Sarna, Sea Breeze, SFC, Stearyl ether, propylene glycol, propylparaben, quaternium Seba Nil. Shepard's, Shikai, Simply Be Well, Soft Sense, 15, Safflower oil, salicylic acid, Sesame oil, simethicone, State of Mind, St. Ives Swiss Formula, Stik, Stretch Mark, sodium borate, sodium C12-15 alcohol ethoxycarboxylate, Suave, Sudden Change, Sundance, Sween, The Healing Sodium chloride, Sodium cocoate, sodium cocoylglutamate, Garden, Theraplex, Triple Lanolin, University Medical, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, U-Lactin, Ultra Mide 25, Vanicream, Vaseline, Vas Pet, Vital Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium isethionate, Care, Vitec, Wibi, Wild Yam Complex, Woltra, Xpressions, Sodium isostearoyl lactylate, sodium lactate, Sodium lauro Yardley's of London, Zim’s Crack Creme, and products amphoacetate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Sodium lauryl produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. Sulfate, sodium lauryl Sulfoacetate, Sodium myristoyl sarco Bioactive glass is particularly useful in these products sinate, Sodium palm kernelate, Sodium PCA, Sodium Stear 25 since it possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial prop ate, Sodium sulfite, Sodium tallowate, sodium trideceth Sul erties. The mild abrasive and high pH in certain formulations fate, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, Stearamidopropyl generate an exfoliant effect on the skin to remove wrinkles. pg-dimonium chloride phosphate, Steareth-2, Steareth-21, In addition, these formulations which incorporate bioactive Stearic acid, Stearyl alcohol. Sucrose laurate, talc, tea-Stear glass may be used to hide shadows created by wrinkles. ate, tetrasodium EDTA, tetrasodium etibronate, titanium 30 Skin formulations comprising bioactive glass also provide dioxide, , pentasodium pentetate, triclosan, tri a protective HCA layer on the corneal layer of the skin. In ethanolamine, trisodium hedta, tromethamine, sodium cetyl addition, the anti-inflammatory action of bioactive glass Sulfate, oleyl betaine, laureth-3, Self-emulsifying wax, coco reduces redness and irritation while the anti-microbial action amphocarboxyglycinate, lauramide DEA, lauramide MEA, disinfects. linoleamide DEA, polyethylene, lauryl methyl gluceth-10 35 Generally, facial moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, and eye care dihydroxypropyldimonium chloride, Sodium lauroamphodi products or hand and body lotion products comprise an acetate and decy glucoside. emollient, a preservative and collagen. The present invention provides for novel formulations of Common formulations of facial moisturizing, anti facial cleansing, toning, and exfoliating products and wrinkle, and eye care products and hand and body lotion makeup removal products by incorporating bioactive glass 40 products comprise water, glycerin, Stearic acid, aloe gel. into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. glycol Stearate, soya sterol, lecithin, dimethicone, glyceryl The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of bio Stearate, cetyl alcohol, magnesium aluminum silicate, fra active glass are particularly useful in facial cleansing, ton grance, carbomer, stearamide AMP methylparaben, DMDM ing, and exfoliating products and makeup removal products hydantoin, iodopropynl, butycarbamate, disodium EDTA, to reduce bacteria and inflammation. Additionally, the abra 45 butylene glycol, titanium dioxide, various mineral, fruit, sive quality of bioactive glass is useful in exfoliation. vegetable, and vitamin extracts and various coloring agents. Facial moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, and eye care products Facial Moisturizing Anti-Wrinkle, Eye Treatment and Hand and hand and body lotion products may also include one or and Body Lotion Products more of the following: 1-hexadecanol, acemannan hydrogel, The present invention includes novel formulations which 50 acetylated lanolin alcohol, acrylates copolymer, acrylates/ incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of facial C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylates/carbamate moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, anti-aging, eye treatment and copolymer, alantoin octyl dimenthyl paba, alcohol, allanto hand and body lotion products such as the products mar intetra EDTA, alpha lipoic acid, aluminum starch octenyl keted under the brand names Acid Mantle, A-Derma, Abra, Succinate, ammonium glycolate, ammonium hydroxide, Alba Botanica, Albolene, Almay, Ala Derm, Allercreme, 55 ammonium lactate, apricot kernel oil, ascorbic acid polypep Aloe Vera 80, Alpha Hydrox, Alpha Keri, AmLactin, Aqua tide (), ascorbyl palmitate, avobenzone, beeswax, Care, Aqua Glycolic, Aqua Lactin, Aquanil, Asorbase, Arthi benzophenone-4, benzyl alcohol, BHT, bisaboloi, blyceryl Care, Atrac-Tran, Aveeno, Avon, Baby Magic, Baker Cum stearate, boric acid, butyrolactone, C10-30 cholesterol/ mins, Balm Barr, Basis, Beauty Without Crvetty, Beta Care, lanosterol esters, C12-15 alkylbenzoate, C13-14 isoparaffin, Biore, Bodycology, Brite-Life, Burt’s Bees, , 60 calcium chloride, calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate, cam Camocare Gold, Ca-Rezz, Carmol, Carrington, CBI, phor, caprylic acid, castor oil, ceramide 3, ceresin, ceteareth Cetaphil, Chamberlain, Clairol, Clean & Clear, Complex 15, 20, cetearyl alcohol, cetearyl octanoate, ceteth-24, cetrimo Coral Springs, Corn Huskers, Curel, Cutar, Cutemol, Der nium chloride, cetyl acetate, cetyl dimethicone, cetyl esters, mal Therapy, Dermacerin, Dermasil, Dermatone, Dermo cetyl octanoate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl ricinoleate, chloride, van, DiaDermal, Diabetierm, Dixie Health, DML, Doak, 65 chlorphenesin, cholecalciferol, cholesteryl isostearate, DPM, Earthly Elements, Earth Science, Earth Therapeutics, choleth-24, citric acid, coco caprylate caprate, cocoa butter, Elta, Epilyt, Esoterica, Estar, Eucerin, Evian, Exorex, Face cocobetaine, colloidal oatmeal, copolymer, cyclomethicone, US 7,250,174 B2 33 34 cyclopentasiloxane, dea-cetyl phosphate, dea-oleth-3 phos Examples 9 and 10 below provide exemplary embodi phate, dermasterone (bioactive multi wild yam species com ments of skin lotion/makeup base and cream foundation plex), diazolidinyl urea, dicaprylate/dicaprate, dicaprylyl makeup formulations incorporating bioactive glass, includ ether, dicaprylyl maleate, diisopropyl sebacate, dioctanoate, ing sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. dioctyl Succinate, dipropylene glycol, distearlydimonium 5 chloride, distearyldimonium, emulsifiers, ethoxydiglycol, EXAMPLE 9 ethylene brassylate, ethylhexyl P-methoxycinnamate, glyc erin, eucalyptol, eucalyptus oil, fumaric acid, gelatin, glu Composition of Skin Lotion/makeup cose, glyceryl dilaurate, glycolic acid, glycoproteins, glysine, GMS/PEG 100 stearate, guar gum, hexyl laurate, 10 Base with Sol-gel-derived Bioactive Glass , hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated lanolin, hydrogenated polyisobutane, hydrolyzed animal protein, hydroxyethylcellulose, imidazolidinyl urea, isocetyl Stearate, isodecyl oleate, isohexadecane, isopropyl isostear ate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isostearic acid, 15 INGREDIENTS wt % Mineral Oil (70ssu) 2O.O isostearyl alcohol, isostearyl benzoate, isotearyl neopentan Polawax (R) S.O date, kaolin (natural clay), lactic acid, lanolin, diazolidinyl Glycerin 2.0 urea, laureth-23, laureth-4, laureth-7, lauroyl lysine, linolea Deionized Water 65.4 midopropyl pg-dimonium chloride phosphate, linseed oil, Jaguar C-14S O.S magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, magnesium sulfate, malic Phenobact 1.O Fragrance (High End Botanicals AFF #ACR2492019E) O.1 acid, menthol, menthyl anthranilate, menthyl lactate, meth Citric Acid monohydrate powder 2.0 oxypropylgluconamide, methyl gluceth-20, methylcellu Schott Glass sol-gel-derived bioactive glass 4.0 lose, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazol, meth 1OOO ylisothiazolinone, mineral oil, mink oil, monoglyceride 25 citrate, myristyl lactate, myristyl myristate, neopentylglycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, nylon-12, octyl hydroxy Stearate, octyl methoxycinamate, PEG-8 beeswax, phenylbenzimidazole EXAMPLE 10 Sulfonic acid, octyl methoxycinnamate, octyl palmitate, octyl salicylate, octyldodecanol, octyldodecyl myristate, 30 Cream Foundation Makeup with Bioglass octyldodecyl neopentanotate, oleyl sarcosin, oxybenzone, palm oil, palmitic acid, PEG 100 stearate, PEG-10 soya Formulas CPD3-34 A, B, C sterol, PEG-100 stearate, PEG-15 cocamine, PEG-4 dilau rate, PEG-40 stearate, PEG-5 glyceryl stearate, PEG-50 stearate, PEG-8 distearate, PEG-8 stearate, petrolatum, PG 35 dioctanoate, phenol, phenoxyethanol, phenylcarbinol, phe nyldimethicone, phospholipids, polyacrylamide, polyglyc INGREDIENTS wt %. A wt % B wt % C eryl-3 methyl glucose distearate, polyglyceryl-4 isostearate, polyglycerylmethacrylate, polyoxyl 40 stearate, polysorbate Part A 20, polysorbate 40, polysorbate 60, potassium hydroxide, 40 Crodafos CES 3.0 3.0 3.0 potassium Sorbate, potassium Stearate, progesterone USP Volpo 10 O.8 O.8 O.8 Volpo 3 O6 O6 O6 propylene glycol, PVM/MA decadiene crosspolymer, PVP/ Jojoba Oil 1O.O 1O.O 1O.O eicosene copolymer, PVP/hexadecene copolymer, pyridox Cyclomethicone D5 S.O S.O S.O ine HCL (vitamin B6), quaternium-15, resorcinol, retinyl Part B palmitate, saccharide isomerate, Salicylic acid, SD alcohol 45 Deionized Water 59.9 59.9 59.9 40-b, shea butter, silk amino acid, sodium benzoate, sodium NaOH O.1 O.1 O.1 borate, Sodium calcium alginate, Sodium carbomer, sodium Volpo 10 O.1 O.1 O.1 chloride, Sodium DNA, sodium hyaluronate, Sodium isos TiO, 7.0 7.0 7.0 tearoyl lactylate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium PCA, Yellow Iron Oxide O.8 O.8 O.8 Red Iron Oxide O.3 O.3 O.3 Sodium pyruvate, sodium Stearate, Sorbic acid, Sorbitan 50 50:50 Black Brown Iron Oxide Blend O.1 O.1 O.1 laurate, Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitol, soybean oil, special pet Part C rolatum fraction, squalane, steapyrium chloride, Stearamide dea, Stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, Propylene Glycol 3.0 3.0 3.0 Jaguar 13S O.3 O.3 O.3 Steareth-2, Steareth-21, Stearoxytrimethylsilane, Stearyl alco Part D hol, tea, tea-acrylates/c10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, 55 tea-carbomer 941, TEA-stearate, tetrasodium EDTA, trans Tac USP 8.0 vector-delivery system (lipo copolymer complex), tricitrate, Bioglass 45s (c) 1.6 L 8.0 tricaprin, tridecyl stearate, tridecyl trimellitate, triethanola Bioglass 58s (a) 0.77 I. 8.0 mine, triisocetyl citrate, trilaurin, trisodium EDTA, trola Part E. mine, urea, wool wax, alcohol, collagen, elastin, propylpa 60 Germaben II 1.O 1.O 1.O raben, PEG-40, sodium cetearyl sulfate, stearyl alcohol, quaterinium-22, Sodium hydroxide and silica. 1OOO 1OOO 1OO.O The present invention provides for novel formulations of facial moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, and eye care products and Observations: Both 34 B and 34 C have more even hand and body lotion products by incorporating bioactive 65 application than 34 A (the talc formulation) and both feel glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredi much less oily than 34A after drying. 34C is less oily than entS. 34 B. US 7,250,174 B2 35 36 Foot Care Products nol-HC, Solarcaine, Sting Kill, Tecnu, Tegrin, Tinactin, The present invention includes novel formulations which Unguentine, and products produced by high-end and generic incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of foot care manufacturers. products including products directed to treating athlete's Generally, anti-itch products comprise the active ingredi foot, fungal conditions and odor, as well as foot pumice ent , novacaine or . products such as the products marketed under the brand Common formulations of anti-itch products comprise names Absorbine Jr., Afiate, Aloe Vesta, Alpha Hydrox, BFI, active ingredients consisting of a combination of camphor, Baza, Blis-to-Sol, Brite-Life, Carrington, Cruex, Desenex, benzocaine, pramoxine hydrochloride, Zinc acetate or Desert Essence, Dr. Scholls, Earth Therapeutics, Fougera, hydrocortisone. Freeman, Fungi Care, Fungiclear, FungiCure, Funginail, 10 Anti-itch products may also include one or more of the Fungi Nail, Fungus Stop, Gold Bond, Health at Home, following inactive ingredients: 1-hexadecanol, 5-chloro-2- Johnson's, LA Cross, Lamisil, Lotrimin, Mavis, Micatin, methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (and) 2-met, acetic acid, adhe Miconazole, Neutrogena, NP-27, Odor-Eaters, Orly, Out sives, alcohol, aloe Vera, aluminum sulfate, ammonia, ben grow, Parex, Pinaud, Podiacin, Pretty Feet & Hands, Quin Zalkonium chloride, benzyl alcohol, bisabolol, butylene sana, St. Ives Swiss Formula, Sween, Tetterine, Tinactin, 15 glycol, calamine, calcium acetate, carbomer, ceresin, cet Ting, TingAF, Trim, Triple Care, Vaseline, Zeasorb, and eareth-20, cetearyl alcohol, ceteth-2, cetyl alcohol, cetyl products produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. palmitate, chlorothymol, citric acid, coal tar Solution, dia Foot care formulations comprising bioactive glass are Zolidinyl urea, dimethicone, dioctyl sodium SulfoSuccinate, anti-microbial and create a soothing effect. The anti-micro diphenhydramine HCl, disodium EDTA, distearlydimonium bial effect of bioactive glass includes antifugal properties chloride, edetate disodium, ethoxydiglycol, fragrance, glyc making bioactive glass particularly well-suited for foot care erin, glyceryl Stearate SE, glyceryl tribehenate, hydroxypro products. In addition, the hygroscopic properties of bioac pyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, iodopropyl tive glass help to reduce foot moisture. Bioactive glass also butylcarbamate, isobutane (propellant), isopropanol, isopro can be used to create or be incorporated into a foot pumice. pyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isos For example, powders may be sintered by any acceptable 25 tearyl neopentanoate, karaya, laneth-16, lanolin, laureth-23, method to form a porous solid material for use in a foot hydrochloride, maltodextrin, menthol, menthol, pumice. isopropyl alcohol, methyl gluceth-20, methyl salicylate, Generally, foot care products comprise the active ingre methylparaben, mineral oil, oatmeal flour, octoxynol-9, dient allylamine, azole, griseofulvin, oxiconazole or tolnaf olive oil, panthenol, PEG-2 oleate, petrolatum, polyethylene tate. 30 glycol, polysorbate 40, potassium hydroxide, potato dextrin, Common formulations of foot care products comprise PPG-1 trideceth-6, propylene glycol, propylparaben, SD active ingredients consisting of a combination of tolnaftate, alcohol 38-b, SD alcohol 40, sodium acrylates copolymer, Zinc undecylenate, miconazole, nitrate, corn starch, Zinc Sodium borate, sodium cetearyl Sulfate, sodium chloride, oxide, kaolin and . Sodium citrate, sodium lauryl Sulfate, Steareth-2, Steareth-21, Foot care products may also include one or more of the 35 Stearic acid, Stearyl alcohol, styrenefacrylates copolymer, following inactive ingredients: acetone, acrylate copolymer, Sulfated castor oil, thymol, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl aldioxa, behenoxy dimethicone, calendula, carbohydrate acetate, triethanolamine, various coloring agents, water, acrylic copolymer, ceteareth-6, , diazolidinyl white petrolatum, white wax, Zinc oxide, , urea, edetate disodium, fragrance, imidurea, , isobu paraffin, yellow wax, maltodextrin, and various fruit, veg tane, isopropyl myristate, menthol, microporous cellulose, 40 etable, mineral and vitamin extracts. monobasic sodium phosphate, Stearamidoethyl diethy The present invention provides for novel formulations of lamine, myristyl myristate, polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80, anti-itch products by incorporating bioactive glass into a potassium iodide, quaternium, SD alcohol 40, Sodium bicar combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. bonate, Stearalkonium hectorite, Stearamidoethyl diethy lamine, Stearic acid, Stearyl alcohol, talc, thymol, triglyceryl 45 Antibacterial, Antiseptic, Antibiotic and First Aid Products disoStearate, wormwood oil, Xanthan gum, water, Salicylic The present invention includes novel formulations which acid, methyl salicylate, bentonite, camphor, benzethonium incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of antibac chloride, terbinafine hydrochloride, benzyl alcohol, cetyl terial, antiseptic, antibiotic and first aid products Such as the alcohol, cetyl palmitate, sodium hydroxide, Sorbitan products marketed under the brand names Absorbine, B-D, monostearate, starch, magnesium Stearate and various 50 Baciguent, Bactine, Bag Balm, Ben Gay, Betadine, Betasept, herbal, plant and mineral extracts. BFI, Blue Star, Boil Ease, Brite-Life, Campho-Phenique, The present invention provides for novel formulations of Carraklenz, Clinipad, Clocream, Dermoplast, Dyna-hex, foot care products by incorporating bioactive glass into a Family Medic, Flex-All, Fougera, Glover's, Gold Bond, combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. Good Sense, Hibiclens, Hibistat, Humco, Iodex, Johnson & 55 Johnson, Lanabiotic, Lanacort, Lander, Lanocane, Lavocal, Anti-itch Products Medi-Quik, Mentholatum, Mineral Ice, Myciguent, Myci The present invention includes novel formulations which tracin, Neosporin, NeXcare, Polysporin, Resinol, Sayman, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of anti-itch Sensogard, Spectrocin, Sportscreme, Stopain, Swan, Top products such as the products marketed under the brand Care, Unguentine, Vicks, Zephiran Chloride, and products names A&D Ointment, After Bite, Americaine, Aquaphor, 60 produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. Arctic Spray, Aveeno, Baciguent, Bactine, Benadryl, Beta Generally, antibacterial, antiseptic, antibiotic and first aid dine, Blue Star, Boil Ease, Caladryl, Caldecort, Campho products comprise alcohol, , povo-iodine, Phenique, Chiggerex, Cortaid, Cortizone, Dermarest, Der phenol or resorcinol. moplast, Exorex, Foille, Gold Bond, Good Sense, Humco, Common formulations of antibacterial, antiseptic, antibi Itch-X, Ivarest, Ivy Block, Ivy-Dry, KeriCort-10, Lanabi 65 otic, and first aid products comprise active ingredients otic, Lanacane, Lanacort, Lotrimin, Medi-Quik, Micatin, consisting of a combination of polymyxin B Sulfate, baci Mycitracin, Neosporin, Nupercainal, Polysporin, Rhuli, Sar tracin Zinc, and pramoxine hydrochloride. US 7,250,174 B2 37 38 Antibacterial, antiseptic, antibiotic, and first aid products tions can be combined with an ointment, white petrolatum, may also include one or more of the following inactive mineral oil and other Substances known to those of ordinary ingredients: bacitracin, benzalkonium chloride, benzoic skill in the art. acid, bismuth-formiciodide, butylparaben, camphor, choles These bioactive glass and topical antibiotic compositions terolized ointment, citric acid, base, dibasic sodium phos 5 may also be combined with other wound, burn and abrasion phate, edetate disodium, emulsifying wax, isopropyl alco treatments or dressings such as collagen, fibrin, fibronectin, hol, licocaine hydrochloride, glycerin, hydrogen peroxide, Vitamin E. gauze, cotton, cellulosic, synthetic wound or bum imidurea, isopropyl alcohol, light mineral oil, magnesium dressings and other wound or bum dressingS/treatments carbonate, menthol, methylparaben, microcrystalline wax, known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Dressings of octoxynol-9, petrolatum, phosphoric acid, poloxamer 188, 10 fiberglass and fiberglass made from fibers of bioactive glass polymyxin B sulfate, potassium Sorate, pramoxine HCl, can also be used. propylene glycol, silica, Sodium benzoate, Sodium lauryl Bioactive glass may also be used to a skin grafting Sulfate, Sodium matabisulfite, thymoli, tocopheryl acetate, particulate bioactive glass may be added to the graft before water, white petrolatum and Zinc phenol Sulfenate. it is placed in its intended location. The graft may also be The present invention provides for novel formulations of 15 further treated with a topical antibiotic prior to placement. antibacterial, antiseptic, antibiotic, and first aid products by The application of bioglass to grafts is intended to increase incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of the likelihood that the graft will “take' and incorporate in the the above-listed ingredients. host bed. Formulations of particulate bioactive glass yield a com While not being bound to any particular theory or mecha position which is capable of dramatically reducing the nism, it is believed that the high surface area and reactivity amount of time necessary for wound healing to occur and of particulate bioactive glass provides for a release of can augment the natural healing process. The effect of these Sodium which increases pH and increase oxygen in the formulations is most dramatically illustrated in the immune wound or burn which otherwise has a lower pH. This has an compromised patient whose ability to heal wounds is some antimicrobial effect when bioactive glass is used and when what Suppressed. 25 used in combination with an antibiotic permits the antibiotic Particulate bioactive glasses which are useful in treating to function by activating various growth factors implicated wounds, bums, and abrasions typically have the following in tissue repair. These reactions cause a higher negative composition by weight percentage: Surface charge on the glass Surface and the development of a high specific Surface area (e.g., from 0.5 m2/g by 12 hours) 30 which attracts collagen, fibronectin and cells. Moreover, the bioactive glass provides for the precipitation of calcium and Component Percent phosphorous naturally present in wound exudate and blood SiO2 40-60 which cause the rapid formation of a calcium and phosphate CaO 10-30 layer that may incorporate collagen, fibrin and fibronectin to Na2O 1O-35 35 POs 2-8 stabilize the wound quickly and effectively. In some cases, CaF2 O-2S wounds, bums, or abrasions healed with the composition or B2O3 O-10 method of the present invention heal without the necessity of KO O-8 scab formation. That is, new epithelial tissue is formed MgO O-S directly. 40 When bioactive glass is to be used in combination with an The preferred composition of the bioactive glass is: antibiotic it is preferable to mix the particulate bioactive glass and the antibiotic just before application to wound, burn, or abrasion. Accordingly, bioactive particulate glass and a topical antibiotic may be incorporated into a two part SiO2 45 45 CaO 24.5 system wherein bioactive glass and topical antibiotic are Na2O 24.5 mixed and simultaneously applied. For example, a two part POs 6 mixing syringe with two separate storage chambers and a mixing chamber can be used. Other two part systems could also be used. For example, particulate bioactive glass can be The preferred particle size range for the bioactive glass is 50 incorporated into a bandage and the topical antibiotic can be small and less than 90 microns is recommended. Particle applied to a wound, burn, or abrasion followed by applica sizes less than 10 microns as well as less than 2 microns can tion of the bandage. Alternatively, other two part delivery also be used. Particles of Such a small size range generally systems may be used. are effective without illiciting any undesirable immune response. 55 Soap and Bath Salt Products Topical antibiotics are antibiotics suitable for skin treat The present invention includes novel formulations which ment. Examples of Such antibiotics include: chlorampheni incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of bath and col, chlortetracycline, clyndamycin, , erythromy shower soap in bar, liquid, gel form and bath salts such as cin, framycetin, , fusidic acid, gentamicin, the products marketed under the brand names Abra, Alba mafenide, mupiroicin, neomycin, polymyxin B, bacitracin, 60 Botanica, Albolene, Aloe Vera 80, Alpha Hydrox, Aroma, silver sulfadiazine, tetracycline and chlortetracycline. Those Aura Cacia, Aussie, Aveeno, Baby Magic, Balmex, Bare of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that there are other Elegance, Basis, Body & Earth, Bodycology, Bubble Fac appropriate topical antibiotics Such as those listed in tory, Burt’s Bees, Calgon, Camay, Capri, Caress, Car U.S.P.D., for example. rington, Cashmere Bouquet, Cetaphil, Clairol, Clearasil, The bioactive glass and topical antibiotic can be com 65 Clearly Natural, , Conti Castile, Cuticura, Dermalab, bined in any pharmaceutically acceptable carrier to facilitate Desert Essence, , Dove. Earth Therapeutics, Eucerin, application to a wound, burn, or abrasion. These composi Exorex, , Fels Naptha. Formula 405, Gillette, Grandpa's, US 7,250,174 B2 39 40 Humco, Irish Spring, Ivory, Jason, Jean Nate, Jergens, palmitate, silk peptide, sodium benzoate, Sodium citrate, Johnson & Johnson, Johnson's, Keri, Kirks Castile, Kiss My Sodium cocglyceryl ether Sulfonate, Sodium cocoyl Face, Lava, Lever 2000, LifeBuoy, Lindora, Lowila, Lubri glutamate, Sodium cocoylisethionate, sodium dodecyl ben derm, Lux, Masada, Moisturel, Nate Naturals, Naturade, Zene Sulfonate, Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium Nature's Gate, Neutrogena, Nivea, No Rinse, Noxzema, Oil formate, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium isethionate, Sodium of Olay, Oilatum, Packer's, Palmolive, PanOxyl Bar, Phi laurate, Sodium laureth Sulfate, sodium laureth Sulfate, soderm, Polytar, Purell, Pure & Natural, Pure Pleasure, Sodium lauroyl lactylate, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Purpose, Revlon, Safeguard, San Francisco Soap, Sarah Sodium myreth Sulfate, Sodium palm kernelate, Sodium Michaels, Sayman, Shield, Shikai, Simply Be Well, Soft ricinoleate, sodium Stearate, Sodium styrenefacrylates soap, Stiefel, St. Ives Swiss Formula, State of Mind, Suave, 10 copolymer, sodium styrenel acrylates/divinylbenzene Summer's Eve, Sween, The Healing Garden, Tom's of copolymer, Sodium Sulfate, Stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium Maine, Tone, Ultra Swim, Vaseline, Vel Beauty Bar, Village chloride phosphate, Stearic acid, Sunflower seed oil, tallow Naturals, White Rain, Yardley’s of London, Zest, and prod acid, tealauryl Sulfate, tea-oleate, TEA-Stearate, titanium ucts produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. dioxide, tocopheryl acetate, triclosan, Sodium c 14-16 olefin The anti-microbial properties of bioactive glass are par 15 sulfonate, triethanolamine, trisodium EDTA, trisodium ticularly useful in Soap formulations. In addition, since etidronate, trisodium HEDTA, ultramarine blue, sodium soap-making is generally an anhydrous process, creating laureth Sulfate, water, disodium laureth Sulfo Succinate, coca Such formulations is a relatively straightforward process. midopropyl betaine, sodium laureth-13 carboxylate, fra Bioactive glass having certain particle sizes, create an abra grance, glycerin, panthenol, aloe gel, ammonium chloride, sive effect and are particularly well-suited for certain hand DMDM hydantoin, PEG-150 distearate, glycol distearate, Soaps (i.e., "Lava'). In addition, bioactive glass may be citric acid, polyduaternium-7, cocamide MEA, tetrasodium spheroidized for facial Soap similar to polymer beads EDTA, laureth-7, Various coloring agents, and various plant, included in certain facial cleaners. mineral and vitamin extracts. Anti-inflammatory properties of bioactive glass are par The present invention provides for novel formulations of ticularly useful in both soak and anti-itch soak products. 25 bath and shower soap in bar, liquid, and gel form and bath Such novel products reduce redness and skin irritation. salt products by incorporating bioactive glass into a com Generally, bath and shower soap in bar, liquid and gel bination of any of the above-listed ingredients. form and bath salt products comprise sodium or ammonium hydroxide, tallow, coconut or palm kernel oil and fragrance. Shampoo Detangling, Hair Mousse, Hair Gel and Hair Spray Products Common formulations of bath and shower soap in bar, 30 liquid, and gel form and bath salt products comprise triclo The present invention includes novel formulations which carboin, soap, sodium tallowate, sodium pamitate, sodium incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of shampoo, cocoate, palm kernelate types, water, PEG-6, methyl ether, hair detangling, hair mousse, hair gel and hair spray prod fragrance, glycerin, Sorbitol, Sodium chloride, tetra sodium ucts Such as the products marketed under the brand names etibronate, pentasodium pentetate, BHT and various color 35 Adorn, Agree, Alberto VO5, Allercreme, Aloe Vera 80, ing agents. American Crew, Aqua Net, Aussie, Aussie Land, Baby Bath and shower soap in bar, liquid, and gel form and bath Magic, Balsam, Breck, Brite-Life, Brylcreem, Citre Shine, may also include one or more of the following: acetami Clairol, Color Soft, Condition 3-in-1, Consort, Cortexx, dopropyl trimonium chloride, alkyl aryl polyether alcohol, DeepEarth, Denorex, Dep, DHS, Dippity-Do, Dry Look, allantoin, aminomethyl propanol, ammonium laureth Sul 40 Dry Style, Elta, European Mystique, Final Net, Finesse, fate, ammonium lauryl Sulfate, behenamidopropyl pg-dimo Flex, Free and Clear, Freeman, Freeze It, Frizz Control, nium chloride, benzopheonone 4, BHT, biotin, boric acid, Frizz Ease, Garden Botanika, Gillette, Good Sense, Groom C12-15 alkyl benzoate, calcium pantothenate, carbomer, Clean, Hask, Head & Shoulders, Henna Gold, Herbold, cetyl alcohol, chromium hydroxide green, cocamide DEA, Infusium 23, Ionil T, Ivory, Jason, Jeris, Jheri Redding, cocamidopropyl oxide, cocoa butter, cocobetane PEG 18, 45 Jhirmack, John Frieda, Johnson & Johnson, Johnson's, cocoglyceryl ether Sulfonate, coconut fatty acid, corn oil, Joico, Kiss Kids, Kiss My Face, La Bella, L.A. Looks, cottonseed oil, decyl glucoside, diazolidinyl urea, dimethi Landers, Looney Tunes, L'Oreal, Loving Care, Marci Gelle, cone, dimethicone copolyol, disodium cocoyl, disodium Mane in Tail, Mink Difference, Nestle, Neutrogena, Nexxus, EDTA, disodium phosphate, EDTA, ethoxydiglycol, ethyl Nizoral, No Rinse, Ogilvie, Pantene, Paul Mitchell, Perma alcohol, etidonic acid, etidronic acid, glyceryl laurate, glycol 50 Soft, Pert Plus, Physique, Pinaud, Protein 29, Pro-V. Prell, Stearate, glycolipids, guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlo Progaine, Psssssst, Queen Helene, Rave, Redken, Revlon, ride, hexylene glycol, hydrolyzed silk protein, hydroxpro Royal Crown, Russ Kalvin's Generic, Salon Grafix, Salon pyl, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, imidazolidinyl urea, Selectives, Salon Style, Scalpicin, Sebastian, Sebucare, iodopropyl butylcarbamate, isopropyl lanolate, isopropyl Sebulex, Sebutane, Selsun Blue, St. Ives Swiss Formula, myristate, lanolin oil, lauramide DEA, lauramide MEA, 55 Stiff Stuff, Style, Suave, Superset, Tegrin, The Dry Look, laureth-10, laureth-23, lauric acid, lauryl alcohol, lauryl Theorie, Thermasilk, Thicker Fuller Hair, Tigi, Toms of Sulfate, lecithin, lemon juice, linoleamide DEA, magnesium Maine, Top Brass, Tres Flores, Tresemme, Ultimate Look, cocoate, magnesium laurate, magnesium Stearate, methyl UltraSwim, University Medical, Vaseline, Venture, Vidal gluceth-10, methyl gluceth-20, methylcellulose, methyl Sassoon, Vital Care, Vitalis, White Rain, Wildroot, Willow chloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, methylpara 60 Lake, Youth Hair, Zincon, and products produced by high ben, mineral oil, oleate/cocoate, oleyl alcohol, oleyl lactate, end and generic manufacturers. palm acid, palmitic acid, paraffin, PEG 55 propylene glycol Generally, shampoo and hair detangling products com oleate, PEG 7 glyceryl cocoate, PEG-12, PEG-120 methyl prise ammonium lauryl Sulfonate, triethanolamine, laura glucose dioleate, PEG-20, PEG-3 distearate, PEG-5M, mide DEA, lecithin, glycol Stearate, methylparaben and PEG-75, PEG-8, PEG-90M, petrolatum, phenoxyethanol, 65 methylisothiozoline. polyduaternium-10, polyduaternium-22, polysorbate 20, Bioactive glass and sol-gel derived bioactive glass can PPG-5-ceteth-20, propylene glycol, propylparaben, retinyl react with aqueous fluids to form a solution that is rich in US 7,250,174 B2 41 42 inorganic elements, such as calcium, phosphorous, sodium 75, quaternium-80, retinyl palmitate, ricinoleamidopropyl and silicon. Incorporating bioactive glass into Such hair care ethyldimonium ethosulfate, SD alcohol 40, serum protein, products allows these inorganic elements to precipitate on silk amino acids, silk protein, Silsesquioxane copolymer, hair to form a mineralogical layer (i.e., hydroxyapatite). This sodium benzoate, sodium C14-17 alkyl SEC sulfonate, mineralogical layer is expected to add strength to hair, while 5 Sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, Sodium glutamate, sodium also possibly improving the “softness” and “style-ability” of hydroxide, sodium hydroxymethyglycinate, sodium laureth hair. In addition, bioactive glass provides an anti-microbial Sulfate, Sodium laureth-13 carboxylate, sodium laurimino effect which reduces the occurance of dandruff. dipropionate, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, Sodium lauryl Common formulations of shampoo and hair detangling Sulfate, sodium methylparaben, Sodium myreth Sulfate, products comprise water, ammonium laureth Sulfate, ammo 10 Sodium oleth Sulfate, Sodium phosphate, sodium styrene? nium lauryl Sulfate, glycol distearate, dimethicone, cocam acrylates/divinylbenzene copolymer, Sodium sulfate, ide MEA, cetyl alcohol, fragrance, polymethacrylamidopro sodium trideceth sulfate, solubilized coal tar extract, soluble pyl, trimonium chloride, sodium citrate, DMDM hydantoin, collagen, soyamide DEA, stearyl alcohol, talloweth-60 sodium chloride, PEG-14M, dihydrogenated tallowmidoet myristylglycol, TEA-dodecylbenzenesulfonate, TEA-dode hyl hydroxyethylmonium, disodium EDTA, phenoxyetha 15 cylphenylsulfonate, TEA-lauryl sulfate, tetrasodium EDTA, nol, citric acid, methyldibromoglutaronitrile, ammonium tissular fluid extract, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl acetate, Xylene-Sulfonate and various coloring agents. topical tar Solution, trideceth-12, triethanolamine lauryl Sul Shampoo and hair detangling products may also include fate, trimethylsilylamodimethicone, wheat oligosaccharides, one or more of the following: 2-oleamido-1,3-octade wheatgermanidopropyl dimethylamine, Xanthan gum, yeast canediol (ceramide-r), acetamide MEA, acrylates/C10-30 extract, hydrolyzed soy protein, sodium PCA, ethoxydigly alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, acrylic acid polymer (carbomer col, linoleamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, 1342), alcohol, aloe Vera gel, aluminum starch octenylsuc hydrogenated polydecene, trimethylolpropane, phenoxy cinate, amodimethicone, arginine, benzophenone-3, ben ethanol and various fruit, mineral and vitamin extracts. Zophenone-4, biotin, butylated hydroxytoluene, butylene The present invention provides for novel formulations of glycol, butylparaben, carbomer, carboxylic acid, cetrimo 25 shampoo and hair detangling products by incorporating nium chloride, chloroxylenol, coal tar distillate, cocamide bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed DEA, cocamide MIPA, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocami ingredients. dopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropylamine oxide, Generally, hair mousse, hair gel and hair spray products cocobetaine, cocodimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed hair comprise mineral oil, lanolin, Stearic acid and Zinc keratin, cocotrimonium chloride, cyclomethicone, cysteine, 30 pyrithione. DEA-methoxycinnamate, decyl polyglucose, diazolidinyl Common formulations of hair mousse, hair gel, and hair urea, dimethiconol, dimethyl ether, disodium cocoamphodi spray products comprise water, isobutane, polyduaternium acetate, disodium laureth Sulfo Succinate, disodium lauroam 4, propane, propylene glycol, C9-11 pareth-8, DMDM phodiacetate, disodium oleamido MEA SulfoSuccinate, diso hydantoin, fragrance, panthenol, disodium EDTA, panthenyl dium phosphate, disodium ricinoleamido, ergocalciferol, 35 ethyl ether, pantethine, lauramine oxide, keratin amino acids ethylparaben, glycerin distearyldimonium chloride, glyc and citric acid. erin, glycol Stearate, glycosaminoglycans, guar hydroxypro Hair mousse, hair gel, and hair spray products may also pyltrimonium chloride, , hydrolyzed ani include one or more of the following: acetamide MEA, mal protein, hydrolyzed collagen, hydrolyzed keratin, acrylate copolymer, acrylates/dimethicone/methacrylate hydrolyzed silk, hydrolyzed vegetable protein, hydrolyzed 40 copolymer, alanine, alcohol denat, allantoin, aminoethylpro wheat protein, hydrolyzed wheat starch, hydrolyzed yeast, panol, aminomethyl propanol, ammonium benzoate, ammo hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, nium hydroxide, amodimethicone, arachidonic acid, argin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyltrimonium ine, ascorbyl palmitate, behenic acid, benzophenone-3, hydrolyzed wheat protein, imidazolidinyl urea, inositol, benzophenone-4, betaine, boric acid, butyl ester of PVM/ iodopropyl butylcarbamate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, 45 MA copolymer, C13-14 isoparaffin, calcium pantothenate, isobutane, isolaureth-6, isostearamidopropyl morpholine carbomer, carbopol, catalase, cetearyl octanoate, ceteth-16, lactate, keratin amino acids, , lactamide MEA, ceteth-20, bromide, , lauramide DEA, lauramphoglycinate, laureth-10, laureth cetyl alcohol, dihydrochloride, cocamide 23, laureth-4, laureth-6, lauryl alcohol, lecithin, magnesium DEA, cocamidopropyl betaine, cocamidopropyl hydrox citrate, magnesium laureth Sulfate, measulfoSuccinate, men 50 ySultaine, collagen, cyclomethicone, DEA-methoxycin thol, methenamine, methoxypropylgluconamide, methyl namate, diazolidinyl urea, diisobutyl adipate, dimethicone chloroisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone, methylpara copolyol, dimethiconol, dimethyl ether, dimethyl lauramine ben, mica, octoxynol-40, octyl Dimethyl PABA, octyl isostearate, dimethyl Stearamine, dioctyl sebacate, distear hydroxy Stearate, octyl methoxycinamate, olealkonium chlo lydimonium chloride, ethosulfate, ethyl ester of PVM/MA ride, palmitic acid, pantethine, panthenol, panthenyl ethyl 55 copolymer, ethyldimonium, gelatin, glutamic acid, glycerin, ether, pantothenic acid, PEG-12, PEG-120 methyl glucose glycine, hyaluronic acidm, hydrofluorocarbon 152A, hydro dioleate, PEG-15 coco polyamine, PEG-150 distearate, lyzed elastin, hydrolyzed soy protein, hydrolyzed wheat PEG-23M, PEG-27 lanolin, PEG-55 propylene glycol ole protein, hydrolyzed wheat starch, hydrophilic polyether ate, PEG-60 almond glycerides, PEG-600, PEG-7 glyceryl polyurethane, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl guar, cocoate, PEG-80 sorbitan laurate, phosphoric acid, 60 hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, iodopropynylbutylcarbam phytantriol, phytic acid, polyduaternium-16, polyduater ate, isododecane, isopropyl alcohol, isosteareth-10, keratin nium-10, polyduaternium-11, polyduaternium-30, protein, lactamide MEA, laneth-16, lauramide DEA, laura polyduaternium-4, polyduaternium-46, polyduaternium-7. mide MEA, laureth-11, laureth-23, laureth-4, laureth-7, lau polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, potassium cocoyl hydro reth-9, lecithin, linoleamidopropyl, linoleic acid, lysine, lyzed collagen, potassium sorbate, PPG-12 buteth-16, 65 lysine hydroxypropyl trimonium chloride, methylchloroio PPG-5 laureth 5, PPG-9, propylene glycol, propylparaben, Sothiazolinone, methylchloroisothiazolinone, methylchlor pyrithione Zinc, quaternium-15, quaternium-22, quaternium oisothiazolinone, methylisothiazoline, methylisothiazoli US 7,250,174 B2 43 44 none, methylparaben, mineral oil, myristoyl hydrolyzed EXAMPLE 12 collagen, niacinamide, SD alcohol 40, nonoxynol-10, octyl hydroxy Stearate, octyl salicylate, octylacrylamide/acrylates Hair with 45s5 Glass (Three Separate copolymer, octylacrylamide/acrylates/butylaminoethyl Formulas: CPD3-15A, B, C, D) meth, octylmethoxycinnamate, olealkonium chloride, oleic acid, oleth 20, oleth-16, palmitic acid, palmitoyl myristyl serinate, PEG-15 cocamine chloride, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-6 cocamide, PEG-60 hydrogenated castor INGREDIENTS wt % A wt % B wt % C wt % D oil, PEG-75 lanolin, PEG-8 sorbitol, phenoxyethanol, phe nyl trimethicone, phospholipids, phytantriol, polyacryla 10 Standapol ES-2 3O.O 3O.O 3O.O 3O.O Consultaine C-50 1O.O 1O.O 1O.O 1O.O mide, polyduaternium-11, polyduaternium-46, polyduater Foamid C S.O S.O S.O S.O nium-7, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, polyZophenone-4, Deionized Water 48.0 48.0 48.0 48.0 potassium dimethicone copolyol panthenyl phosphate, Phenobact 1.O 1.O 1.O 1.O Citric Acid monohydrate powder 1.O 1.O potassium hydroxide, potassium sorbate, PPG-12-PEG-50 15 Schott Glass 45s5 (<4 I. S.O S.O lanolin, PPG-5-ceteth-20, PPG-9 diethylmonium chloride, ave. part. Size) proline, PVP. pyridoxine HCL, quaternium-15, retinyl palmitate, ribonucleic acid, serine, silk amino acids, silk 1OOO 94.0 95.0 99.0 protein, sodium benzoate, sodium C13-15 pareth-8 butyl phosphate, sodium C13-15 pareth-8 phosphate, sodium EXAMPLE 13 C14-16 olefin sulfonate, sodium chloride, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (amino acid Hair Shampoos with Bioactive Glass derived), sodium PCA, sorbitol, soyamide DEA, stearalko nium chloride, Steareth-16, Steareth-2, Stearic acid, Stearyl Formulas CPD3-31 A, B, C, D alcohol, tea-dodecylbenzenesulfonate, tetrasodium EDTA, 25 threonine, tocopheryl acetate, trideceth-12, triethanolamine, trisopropanolamine, urethane/C1-C20 peg alkyl copolymer, VA/crotonates/vinyl neodecandate copolymer, various fruit, plant, vitamin extracts, wheat germanidopropyl ethyldimo NGREDIENTS wt % A wt % B wt % C wt % D 30 nium ethosulfate, yeast extract, isobutane, AMP-isostearoyl Steo CS-230 3O.O 3O.O 3O.O 3O.O hydrolyzed soy protein, butylene glycol, and SD alcohol 40. Crosultaine C-50 1O.O 1O.O 1O.O 1O.O Foamid C S.O S.O S.O S.O The present invention provides for novel formulations of Deionized Water 49.0 48.0 47.0 46.0 hair mousse, hair gel, and hair spray products by incorpo Phenobact 1.O 1.O 1.O 1.O Citric Acid monohydrate powder 1.O 2.0 3.0 rating bioactive glass into a combination of any of the 35 above-listed ingredients. Bioglass (<5 Lave. part. Size) S.O S.O S.O S.O The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are 1OOO 1OOO 1OO.O 1OOO particularly useful in shampoo and other hair care products initial pH values to reduce bacteria and to normalize the pH level of hair. In addition, the ability of bioactive glass to release minerals 40 pHo 31 A-8.9 pHo 31 B - 8.2 which bind to the hair surface is useful for enhancing hair pHo 31C - 5.7 strength, body, and Volume. pHo 31 D - 4.8 Examples 11-13 below provide exemplary embodiments 24 hour pH values of shampoo formulations incorporating bioactive glass, 45 pH-31A - 9.6 including Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. pH-31B - 9.2 pH 31C - 8.5 EXAMPLE 11 pH 31D - 7.2 Composition of Hair Shampoo with Bioactive 50 Anti-Perspirant and Deodorant Products Glass The present invention includes novel formulations which incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of anti perspirant and deodorant products in powder, creme, roll-on, aerosol and Stick form such as the products marketed under INGREDIENTS wt % 55 the brand names 5 Day, Allercreme, Almay, Aqua Velva, Arm & Hammer, Arrid XX, Ban, Banish, Brut, Certain Dri, Standapol ES-2 3O.O Crosultaine C-50 1O.O Clearly Fresh & Natural, Crystal Clean, Crystal Stick, Foamid C S.O Degree, Desert Essence, Dove, Dry Idea, English Leather, Deionized Water 47.3 Gillette, Hi & Dri, Jason, Jockey Club, Kiss My Face, Lady Jaguar C-14S O.S 60 Crystal, Lady Mitchum, Lady Speed Stick, Lady's Choice, Phenobact 1.O Fragrance (Wildberry AFF #24551) O.2 Mennen, Mitchum, Nair, Nature's Gate, Nautica, Nullo, Old Citric Acid monohydrate powder 3.0 Spice, Pinaud, Power Stick, Revlon Hi & Dri, Right Guard, Schott Glass Bioactive (<4 Lave. part. size) 3.0 Secret, Soft & Dry, Speed Stick, Suave, Sure, Teen Spirit, Tom’s of Maine, Tussy, Soft & Dri, Yodora, and products 65 produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. The anti-microbial and hygroscopic properties of bioac tive glass in deodorant and anti-perspirant formulation con US 7,250,174 B2 45 46 trol odor causing bacteria, while the anti-inflammatory prop Common formulations of aftershave and shaving lotion erties reduce underarm irritation. Bioactive glass may be products comprise SD alcohol 40, water, glycerin, menthol, incorporated into Solid amorphous forms, similar to deodor fragrance, benzophenone-1 and various coloring agents. ant “crystals'. A wipe with the polished solid form also has Aftershave and shaving lotion products may also include an anti-microbial effect. one or more of the following: aloe extract, aluminum starch Generally, antiperspirant or deodorant products comprise octenylsuccinate, benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, BHT, C12 aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, Zirconium 15 alkylbenzoate, carbomer 980, cassava flour, cyclomethi chlorides or triclosan. cone, dimethicone, disodium EDTA, ethylenediamine, iso Common formulations of antiperspirant and deodorant decyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, methylparaben, myristyl products in Stick, roll-on, aerosol, creme, pad, and powder 10 propionate, panthenol, PEG/PPG-17/6 copolymer, PEG-60 form comprise active ingredients consisting of aluminum hydrogenated castor oil, PG, phenoxyethanol, polysorbate Zirconium tetrachlorohydrex gly or aluminum chlorohy 80, PPG-15, propylene glycol, SD alcohol 39-C, Stearyl drate. ether, tetrahydroxypropyl, tocopheryl acetate, triethanola Anti-perspirant and deodorant products may also include mine, various plant, fruit, and vitamin extracts, Xanthan one or more of the following: alcloxa, alcohol, allantoin, 15 gum, propylene glycol, benzoic acid, benzophenone-2, aloe Vera gel, aluminum chloride, PPG-14 butyl ether, BHT, PG, and benzyl alcohol. cyclomethicone, baking Soda, behenyl alcohol, benzetho The present invention provides for novel formulations of nium chloride, benzoic acid, BHT, C12-15 alkylbenzoate, aftershave and shaving lotion products by incorporating C18-36 acid triglyceride, ceteareth-20, cetearyl alcohol, bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed citric acid, corn starch, cyclomethicone, cyclopentasiloxane, ingredients. cyclotetrasiloxane, dibenzylidene Sorbitol, dicaprylate/dica The anti-inflammatory effects of bioactive glass are par prate, diisopropyl adipate, diisopropyl sebacate, dimethi ticularly useful in aftershave and shaving lotion products to cone, dipropylene glycol, L. panthenol, farnesol, fragrance, reduce inflammation. glycerin, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl Stearate, hectorite, hydrof luorocarbon 152A, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated 25 Shaving Products polyisobutane, hydrogenated vegetable oil, hydroxyethyl The present invention includes novel formulations which cellulose, isobutane, isopropyl alcohol, isopropyl myristate, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of shaving laureth-4, methylparaben, mineral oil, myristyl myristate, products in creme, gel, powder and Soap form such as the octoxynol-9, octylisononanoate, octyl palmitate, octyldode products marketed under the brand names Afta, Alba canol, PEG-100 stearate, PEG-20, PEG-25 propylene glycol 30 Botanica, Aveeno, Barbasol, Brut, Bump Stopper, Burma Stearate, PEG-8 distearate, pentadecalactone, petrolatum, Shave, Burt’s Bees, CAM, Colgate, Earth Science, Edge, PG, phenyl trimethicone, polyethylene, polyol, polysaccha Everready, Gillette, Jason, Kiss My Face, Lady Legs, Magic rides, polysorbate 20, polythylene, potassium alum, potas Platinum, Magic Shaving Powder, Noxzema, Old Spice, sium sorbate, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-1-PBG-9 lauryl Palmolive, Pinaud, Remington, Requa, Rise, Shave in the glycol ether, propane, propylene carbonate, propylene gly 35 Shower, Skin Bracer, Skinnate, Skintimates, Soft Shave, col, propylparaben, purified clay, quaternium-18, SD alco Tom’s of Maine, Williams, and products produced by high hol 40, silica, silk powder, Sodium bicarbonate, sodium end and generic manufacturers. laureth 13 carboxylate, Sodium Stearate, soyaethyl morpho Generally, shaving products in cream gel, powder, or Soap linium ethosulfate, starch, Stearyl alcohol, talc, T-butyl alco form comprise a moisturizer Such as aloe gel and a pro hol, T-butyl hydroquinone, tetrasodium EDTA, tribehenin, 40 tectant such as Stearic acid. triclosan, triclosan, triethyl citrate, urea, various coloring Common formulations of shaving products cream gel, agents, various mineral and vitamin extracts, vegetable oil, powder, or soap powder comprise water, triethanolamine, vegetable starches, water, Xanthan gum, Zinc oxide. palmitic acid, Stearic acid, isopentane, monoglycerides, Sor The present invention provides for novel formulations of bitol, PEG-90M, PVP fragrance, isobutane, various coloring anti-perspirant and deodorant products by incorporating 45 agents, and various floral, Vitamin, and mineral extracts. bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed Shaving products in cream gel, powder, or soap form may ingredients. also include one or more of the following: 1-dodecanol, The antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and hygroscopic allantoin, aloe extract, aluminum starch octenylsuccinate, effects of bioactive glass are particularly useful in anti ammonium hydroxide, barium Sulfide, behentrimonium perspirant and deodorant products to reduce bacteria, odor 50 methosulfate, benzaldehyde, benzophenone-1, benzyl alco and moisture. hol, BHA, BHT bromelain, butane, C16 to C22, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, calcium thioglycolate, car Aftershave and Shaving Lotion Products bomer, cellulose polymer, cetearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, The present invention includes novel formulations which chlorhexidine gluconate, corn starch, diazolidinyl urea, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of aftershave 55 dimethicone, dimethyl Sulfate quaternized, dioctyl Succi and shaving lotion products Such as the products marketed nate, esters with triethanolamine, fatty acid esters, glycer under the brand names Aceite. Afta, Aqua Velva, Aspen, ides, glycerin, glyceryl oleate, glyceryl Stearate, guanidine Brut, Bump Fighter, Burt’s Bees, Earth Science, Edge, carbonate, hydroxyethycellulose, isopropyl myristate, iso Flents, Gillette, Hoyt Co., Ice Sport, Iodex, Jason, Jovan, propyl palmitate, lanolin alcohol, lanolin oil, laureth-23, Mennen, Old Spice, Pinaud, Pomada, Requa, Samborns, 60 lecithin, menthol, methylparaben, milk protein, myristyl Saxon, Skin Bracer, Super Macho, Williams, and products propionate, nonoxynol 10, oxidized polyethylene, paraffin, produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. PEG 14M, PEG 150 pentaerythrityl tetrastearate, PEG 6 Aftershave and shaving lotion formulations which include caprylic/capric glycerides, pentane, pentasodium pentetate, bioactive glass provide excellent anti-inflammatory effects petrolatum, phenycarbinol, polyethylene, polyduaternium to reduce post-shaving irritation. 65 10, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 60, potassium myristate, Generally, aftershave and shaving lotion products com PPG-12-PEG-65, propane, propyl gallate, propylene glycol, prise propylene glycol, menthol and benzoic acid. propylparaben, resorcin, retinyl palmitate, SD alcohol 40, US 7,250,174 B2 47 48 Soap, Sodium benzoate, Sodium borate, sodium chloride, of Maine, Topol, Ultra Brite, Ultra Plus, Vademecum, Via Sodium lauryl Sulfate, Sodium metasilicate, sodium dent, and products produced by high-end and generic manu myristate, Stearyl alcohol, TEA Stearate, teamaleate, tetra facturers. Sodium etibronate, titanium dioxide, tocopheryl acetate, Generally, toothpaste products comprise fluoride, tri triclosan, isobutane, cyclomethicone, and C12-15 alkylben closan, pyrophosphates, silica, baking Soda, potassium ZOate. nitrate and natural and/or artificial flavoring. The present invention provides for novel formulations of and gel products by incorporating bioactive Common formulations of toothpaste products comprise glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredi sodium fluoride, water, sorbitol, hydrated silica, Zinc citrate entS. 10 trihydrate, sodium lauryl sulfate, SD alcohol 38-B, flavor, The antimicrobial effects of bioactive glass are particu cellulose gum, sodium saccharin, and various coloring larly useful in shaving products to reduce bacteria and the agents. possibility of infection from nicks and cuts inflicted during Toothpaste products may also include one or more of the shaving. following: acesulfame potassium, alumina, ammonium 15 chloride, beta-d-glucose, calcium peroxide, calcium sulfate, Depilatory and Hair Bleaching Products carbomer, carboxymethylcellulose, citric acid, coenzyme The present invention includes novel formulations which Q10, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, glycerin, hydrogen incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of depilatory, peroxide, lactoperoxidase, glucose oxidase, lysozyme, mag epilatory and hair bleaching products in cream, wax, and nesium chloride, methylparaben, microdent poloxamer, powder form such as the products marketed under the brand monoammonium phosphate, papain, PEG 300, PEG 60, names Andrea, Ardell, Better-Off, Bikini Bare, Hair Off, hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-12, PEG-32, PEG-6, PEG-75, Jolen, Nair, Natural, Neet, Nudit, One Touch, Sally Hanson, phosphoric acid, poloxamer 407, poloxapol 1220, Potassium Zip, and products produced by high-end and generic manu Nitrate, potassium Sorbate, potassium thiocyanate, propy facturers. lene glycol, propylparaben, pyrophosphate, SD alcohol Generally, depilatory, epilatory, and hair bleaching prod 25 38-B, silica, simethicone, Sodium benzoate, sodium bicar ucts comprise the active ingredient calcium thioglycolate or bonate, Sodium carbonate, sodium carrageenan, Sodium calcium hydroxide. chloride, Sodium citrate, Sorbitol and related polyols, sodium Common formulations of depilatory, epilatory or hair hydroxide, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium monofluo bleaching products comprise water, mineral oil, calcium rophosphate, sodium monofluurophosphate, Sodium percar hydroxide, cetearyl alcohol, calcium thioglycolate, sodium 30 bonate, Sodium phosphate, Sodium tripolyphosphate, tet thioglycolate, ceteareth-20, various floral and herbal, and rapotassium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, Vitamin extracts, and various coloring agents. titanium dioxide, trisodium phosphate, PEG-8, various natu Depilatory, epilatory and hair bleaching products may ral and artificial flavorings, Xanthan gum, Zinc chloride, Zirconium silicate, thymol, methyl salicylate, and benzoic also include one or more of the following: ammonium 35 bicarbonate, benzalkonium chloride, camphor, cetyl alcohol, acid. chamomile extract, citric acid, dimethicone, fragrance, glyc Bioactive glass compositions are useful in, for example, eryl Stearate, hydrogen peroxide, iron oxides, isopropyl enamel remiralization, incipient caries remineralization, myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl Stearate, maltodex carious dentin remineralization, caries prevention, arresting trin, octoxynol-9, pentaerythrity1 tetracaprylate/caprate, pet 40 decay, reversing decay, anti-caries, pit and fissure sealants, rolatum, phosphoric acid, potassium Sorbate, SD alcohol 40, prophylactic pastes, fluoride treatments, dentinal sealants, Stearamidopropyl dimethylamine, Stearyl Stearate, Sweet etc. Bioactive glass may be included in toothpastes, liners, almond oil, calcium glyceryl Stearate, octyl palmitate, bases, gels, and restorative material e.g., packing, indirect Stearic acid, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, imidazolidi pulp capping agent, etc. Such compositions are also useful nyl urea, PEG-100 stearate, soluble collagen, lanolin alco 45 in the treatment of Surfaces after periodontal Surgery to hol, disodium EDTA, carbomer, methylparaben, thioglyco decrease dentinal sensitivity and enhance tissue attachment. late, Stearyl alcohol, and silica. These compositions are active in treating various defects The present invention provides for novel formulations of associated with a variety of dental and other conditions and depilatory, epilatory, and wax products by incorporating actually chemically and physically bond to the tooth thereby bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above-listed 50 remineralizing tooth structure. ingredients. As referred to herein, remineralization is the formation of The anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects of bio hydroxyapatite. The formation of hydroxyapatite begins active glass are particularly useful in depilatory, epilatory, with exposure of a bioactive glass composition to aqueous and wax products to reduce inflammation, bacteria, and solutions. It is believed that the sodium ions (Na+) in the odor. 55 bioactive glass exchanges with H+ ions in body fluids causing pH to increase. Calcium and phosphorus then Toothpaste Products migrate from the bioactive glass forming a calcium-phos Bioactive glass may also be incorporated into various phorous rich Surface layer. An underlying silica rich Zone brands of toothpaste products such as the products marketed slowly increases as the Sodium ion in the bioactive glass under the brand names Act, Aim, Aquafresh, Arm & Ham 60 continues to exchange with the hydrogen ion of the solution. mer, Biore, Biotene, Boiron, Breath Remedy, Brite-Life, After time, the calcium-phosphorous rich layer crystallizes Butler, Cepacol, Close-Up, Colgate, Crest, Dentu-Creme, into a hydroxyapatite material. Collagen can become struc Desert Essence, Enamelon, Fixodent, Fresh N Brite, Gel turally integrated with the apatite agglomerates. An effective Kam, Gleem, Interplak, Keep, Kids Dental Kare, Listerine, remineralizing amount refers to any amount capable of Mentadent, Natural White, Nature's Gate, Orajel, Oral-B, 65 forming hydroxyapatite. Pearl Drops, Pepsodent, Plak Smacker, Plus+White, Polli As the term “a tooth structure' is used herein, it is dent, Q-Dent, Rembrandt, Sensodyne. Thermodent, Tom's intended to refer to any feature or features of a tooth US 7,250,174 B2 49 50 including but not limited to enamel, dentin, pulp, tooth root bination includes a mixture of particles, wherein the mixture structure, cementum, root dentin, coronal dentin, any dental comprises particles less than 2 microns and particles more manufacture, etc. than 45 microns. For example, the following composition by weight will Theses bioactive glass compositions generally do not provide a bioactive glass suitable for toothpaste and mouth- 5 require time to set and are not easily washed away by wash formulations: mechanical abrasion caused by brushing, exposure to mild acids in food, salivary flow or other liquids which normally come in contact with the teeth. Such compositions can generally withstand significant agitation, rinsing with water Component 10 and long term soaking in simulated saliva for five days. SiO2 Moreover, many of the Small particles do not require a set CaO time because they begin to chemically react and adhere to Na2O tooth structure as soon as they come into contact with these POs CaF2 Surfaces and fluids naturally present in the mouth. Although B.O. 15 Such compositions are effective with a single application, it KO is likely that multiple applications will be more efficacious. MgO As previously noted, relatively small particulate bioactive glass does not generate a significant immune response. Such bioactive glasses provide an efficacious material for Moreover, it is generally not engulfed by macrophages and interaction with the tooth structure and do not trigger an rendered inactive. overwhelmingly adverse immune response. In addition, these bioactive glass compositions are Bioactive glasses of specified particle sizes are particu capable of providing a bioactive layer that will form a new larly useful in toothpaste and formulations espe structural layer which is a lasting remineralization of tooth cially when small and very small particles are combined. For structure. This has been verified by the reformation of a example, when compositions including Small particles that 25 hydroxycarbonate apatite layer on dentin Surfaces after are capable of bonding with tooth structure (e.g., less than treatment with bioactive glass compositions with Fourier about 90 microns) as well Smaller particles (e.g., less than Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). about 10) are used in combination, the larger of these Such bioactive glass compositions may comprise particles particles adhere to tooth structure and act as ionic reservoirs having a particle size of about 20 microns with about 30 while the Smaller are capable of entering and lodging inside 30 percent of the particles less than 10 microns. Other formu of various tooth structure surface irregularities. The larger of lations may comprise bioactive glass particles have an these particles provide a reservoir of additional calcium and average particle size of 10 microns with at least 25% smaller phosphorous so that the mineralization, or depositing of the than 2 microns. calcium phosphate layer begun by the Small particles can These compositions may be formulated into toothpaste. In continue. Additional calcium and phosphorous can be 35 fact, the particles may replace the silica currently used in leached to all tooth structure as well as to particles which toothpastes. The addition of fluoride in the glass composi have become attached to the inside or at the openings of tion will enhance and strengthen the tooth structure. In Surface irregularities of tooth structure Such as dentinal addition to direct application of the bioactive glass to the tubules. This in turn provides for continuation of the entire 40 teeth, these bioactive glass compositions may also be reaction and continued growth of the smaller of these applied in a saline or distilled water based medium. These particles which have lodged inside or over the openings of compositions may also be formulated into mouthwash, gel Such surface irregularities and can result in effectively or they may be applied by a dentist as a paste. coating or filling the Surface irregularity. This excess con These compositions can be used in methods for whiten centration of ions of calcium and phosphorous is necessary as ing, lightening or bleaching teeth. These methods are also for continued reaction of the smaller of these particles to useful for removing stains from teeth. These methods take place because the Smaller particles quickly exhaust their include contacting teeth with an effective tooth-whitening ions as a result of their relatively high surface area. The amount of bioactive glass, especially methods using mul larger of these particles will react and release their ions more tiple applications. Each application may include between slowly as a longer term effect. Furthermore, the larger of O about 0.02 to 0.3 grams of bioactive glass. Suitably, these these particles will mechanically abrade the tooth surface methods of whitening teeth comprise contacting the teeth opening various Surface irregularities allowing Small par with an effective tooth-whitening amount of bioactive glass ticles to enter and react with the surface irregularity. twice daily for two weeks or more. “Tooth-whitening This effect is very beneficial in a variety of applications. amount generally refers to any amount that will result in a For example, in preventing caries or decay, the composition ss Vita shade guide lightening of one or more shades in a of the present invention is capable of penetrating into the patient with a pre-treatment shade darker than A3.5 after 4 depths of the Smallest of Surface irregularities and receiving weeks of application twice daily for two minutes or more per a continued Supply of ions from larger nearby particles so application. that it is able to grow after exhausting its stored ion Supply. Methods for whitening teeth may also comprise contact This is also very useful in sealing pits and fissures and a 60 ing teeth with an effective tooth-whitening amount of par much more effective and long lasting seal is obtained. ticulate bioactive and biocompatible glass comprising sili For some applications extremely small particles are used. con oxide or hydroxide and optionally one or more elements For example, particles that are in the range of 2 microns are such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, B, Ti, Al, P N or F. used to fit inside dentin tubules that are approximately 1-2 Such bioactive glass compositions usually comprises at microns in diameter. The occlusion of these tubules leads to 65 least Na, Ca and P. although it is possible to use simple a significant reduction in the amount of sensitivity after, for Sodium silica glasses together with external sources of example, periodontal Surgery. A particularly effective com calcium and phosphate. An external source of calcium and US 7,250,174 B2 51 52 phosphate may be from saliva itself, or may be formulated as well as water insoluble dye lakes prepared by extending into the oral hygiene composition. calcium or aluminum salts of FD&C dyes on alumina Such The addition of fluoride in bioactive glass compositions as FD&C Green #1 lake, FD&C Blue #2 lake, FD&C R&D enhances and strengthens the tooth structure. Other #30 lake and FD&C Yellow #15 lake. The pigments have a examples include Solgel glasses having, for example, about 5 particle size in the range of 5-1000 microns, preferably 40 to about 86% by weight SiO, Substantially no amount of 250-500 microns, and are present at a concentration of 0.5 sodium, about 6-36% by weight Ca and about 2-12% by to 3% by weight. Dyes are generally sensitive to the pres weight POs. ence of the peroxide ingredient and are not included in the Bioactive glass compositions comprising extremely small dentifrice although FD&C Green #3 has been found to be particles may also be used. For example, particles that are in 10 resistant to fading when CaO2 is present in the dentifrice. the range of 2 microns are beneficial. Particle size may be Any suitable flavoring or Sweetening material may be determined by Scanning electron microscopy or laser light employed. Examples of Suitable flavoring ingredients are scattering techniques (e.g., Coulter LS100). As Stated pre flavoring oils, e.g., oils of spearmint, peppermint, winter viously, relatively small bioactive particulate glass does not green, Sassafras, clove, Sage, eucalyptus, marjoram, cinna generate a significant immune response. Moreover, it is 15 mon, lemon, and orange, and methyl salicylate. Suitable generally not engulfed by macrophages and rendered inac Sweetening agents include Sucrose, lactose, maltose, Sorbi tive. tol, Sodium cyclamate, perillartine, and sodium saccharin. These compositions may be formulated as oral hygiene Suitably, flavor and Sweetening agents may together com compositions such as dentifrices, toothpaste, gels, powders, prise from 0.01% to 5% or more of the preparations. , irrigating Solutions, and presentations for Various other materials may be incorporated into-these Sucking or chewing Such as gums, pastilles, tablets, and oral compositions. For example, preservatives, silicones and lozenges. Such oral hygiene compositions may comprise chlorophyll compounds, vitamins such as vitamins B6, B12, between 0.1 to 50% by weight. Formulations comprising 1 C, E and K, antibacterial agents such as chlorhexidine, to 25% by weight are preferable, while formulations com halogenated diphenyl ethers such as triclosan, desensitizing prising 5 to 10% by weight of the bioactive glass are even 25 agents such as potassium nitrate and potassium citrate and more preferable. mixtures thereof may be included. These adjuvants are In addition to the active ingredients, Suitable oral hygiene incorporated in the dentifrice in amounts which do not compositions may contain the usual carriers, binders, Sur substantially adversely affect the properties and character factants, humectants, coloring agents, pigments, antiplaque istics desired, and are selected and used in proper amounts, agents, anti-bacterial agents, bioadhesive-type agents, abra 30 depending upon the particular type of component involved. sives, anticaries agents, flavorings, Sweeteners, bulking The making of gels, toothpastes, rinses, mouthwashes, agents, and the like. gums, and chewing gums are well known in the art. Bioac In the case of a toothpaste formulation, an abrasive tive glasses can be introduced into these products by a typically includes amorphous, gelled, precipitated, or fumed variety of methods including simple mixing. In some cir silica, plastics particles, alumina, calcium carbonate, and 35 cumstances it will be necessary to keep the bioactive glass Zinc orthophosphate, insoluble metaphosphates and calcium from coming into contact with the aqueous or other com pyrophosphate. Silica is an especially Suitable abrasive. The ponents of the delivery vehicle to prevent the bioactive glass bioactive glass particles may replace all, some, or none of from pre-reacting. This can be accomplished in a number of the abrasive currently used in toothpastes. ways including, for example, two piece Syringes with a Inorganic thickeners may be included in the dentifrice's 40 mixing chamber. and further include fumed silicas such as Cabosil available from Cabot Corporation, and thickening silicas including Mouthwash and Mouth Rinse Products those available from J. M. Huber designated Zeodent 165. The present invention includes novel formulations which Organic thickeners such as natural and synthetic gums and incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of mouth colloids may also be incorporated in dentifrice composi 45 wash and mouth rinse products such as the products mar tions. Examples of Such thickeners include carrageenan keted under the brand names Act, Doctor Tichenor, Glyoxide (Irish moss), Xanthan gum and sodium carboxymethyl cel Antiseptic, Betadine, Biotene, Cepacol, Colgate, Good lulose, starch, polyvinlpyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl propyl cel Sense, Lavoris, Listerine, Listermint, Plax, Reach, Rem lulose, hydroxbutyl methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl brandt, Salivart, Scope, Signal, Targon, Toms of Maine, cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose (co-dried blends of 50 Viadent, Vince, Weleda, and products produced by high-end microcrystalline celluloselcellulose gum). The inorganic or and generic manufacturers. organic thickener may be incorporated in Such compositions Generally, mouthwash and mouth rinse products comprise at a concentration of about 0.05 to about 2% by weight and fluoride, antibacterial agents, hydrogen peroxide and sodium preferably about 0.1 to about 1.5% by weight. carbonate. Fluoride-providing salts having anti-caries efficacy may 55 Common formulations of mouthwash and mouth rinse also be incorporated in the oral compositions and are char products comprise thymol, eucaluptol, methyl salicylate acterized by their ability to release fluoride ions in water. It menthol, water, alcohol, benzoic acid, poloxamer 407, is preferable to employ a water-soluble salt fluoride provid Sodium benzoate, and caramel. ing about 10 to 5,000 ppm of fluoride ion and preferably Mouthwash and mouth rinse products may also include about 1000 to 1500 ppm of fluoride ion. Among these 60 one or more of the following: aloe Vera, calcium chloride, materials are water-soluble alkali metal salts, for example, calcium lactate, , citric acid, domi Sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, Sodium monofluoro phen bromide, glucono delta lactone, glucose oxidase, glyc phosphate and sodium fluorosilicate. Sodium monofluoro erin, hydrogenated Starch, hydroxyethylcellulose, lactofer phosphate is a preferred fluoride-providing salt. rin, lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, magnesium chloride, Pigments may include non-toxic, water insoluble inor 65 methylparaben, natural and artificial flavorings, nitrogen, ganic pigments such as titanium dioxide and chromium poloxamer 237, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, potassium oxide greens, ultramarine blues and pinks and ferric oxides chloride, potassium phosphate, povidone-iodine, propylene US 7,250,174 B2 53 54 glycol, Saccharin, Saccharin Sodium, SD alcohol 38-B, nylmercuric nitrate, polyvinyl alcohol, anionic , Sodium carboxymethylcellolose, Sodium chloride, sodium sodium phosphates, polysorbate 80, hydroxyethyl cellulose, citrate, sodium gluconate, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium lauryl polycuad, papain, cocoamphocarboxyglycinate, Sodium lau Sulfate, sodium saccharin, Sorbitol, Sodium pyrophosphate, ryl Sulfate, hexylene glycol, pancreatin, tyloxapol, Sorbic various natural and artificial flavorings, Xanthan gum, Xyli acid, Subitilisin A, poloxame 407, amphoteric 10, tween 21 tol, Zinc chloride and Zinc oxide. The present invention provides for novel formulations of stabilizer, microclens, potassium chloride, proteolytic mouthwash and mouth rinse products by incorporating bio enzyme, sodium carbonate, poloxamine, sodium borate, active glass into a combination of any of the above-listed isotonic Saline, antimicrobial buffer system, sodium perbo ingredients. 10 rate, hydrogen peroxide, phosphonic acid, nitrogen, borate buffer system, water, EDTA, caramide, glycerin, and povi In addition to direct application of the bioactive glass to dine. the teeth, these bioactive glass compositions can also be In addition, bioactive glass may be added to or included applied in a saline or distilled water based medium. in ear drops and nose drops to provide or enhance anti These oral formulations may be used together with a 15 bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and hygroscopic effects. Source of calcium and/or phosphate in the manufacture of a composition for whitening teeth. Bioactive glass also may be added to or incorporated into The antimicrobial and abrasive effects of bioactive glass nail files, e.g., fingernail and toenail files. The anti-inflam are particularly useful in mouthwash and mouth rinse prod matory properties of bioactive glass make it particularly ucts to reduce bacteria and to remove stains. well-suited for use with such nail care devices. In addition, bioactive glass may be used with men's or Eye Drop Products women's shaving devices, including but not limited to The present invention includes novel formulations which disposable and electric razors. The antibacterial and anti incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of eye drop inflammatory properties of bioactive glass make it well products such as the products marketed under the brand 25 Suited for use in Such products. names Medic's Choice, Alcon, All Clear, Baush & Lomb, Bioactive glass may also be added to or included in oral Bio, Tears Naturale, Clear Eyes, Murine Plus, Naphcon, care products such as Ambisol. The anti-inflammatory and OcuClear, Opcon-A, Prefrin, Vasoclear, Visine, and products antimicrobial properties of bioactive glass can be beneficial produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. 30 in Such products. Generally, eye drop products comprise polyethylene gly Example 14 below provides exemplary embodiments of col 300, naphazoline hydrochloride and benzalkonium chlo additional prototype cosmetic formulations incorporating ride. bioactiv glass, including sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. Eyedrop products may also include one of the following: boric acid, edetate disodium, water, Sodium borate, polyvi 35 EXAMPLE 1.4 nyl alcohol, povidone, tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, dex trose, disodium EDTA, potassium chloride, water, sodium Additional Protype Cosmetic Formulations bicarbonate, Sodium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium phos phate, oxymetazoline HCl, hydroxpropyl methyl cellulose, 40 Several prototype cosmetic products comprising bioactive pheniramine maleate, liquifilm, phenylephrine HCl, sodium glass were developed as follows. acetate, Sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid. 1. A Soft focus cosmetic product was developed and The present invention provides for novel formulations of comprised a sol-gel-derived bioactive glass powder mixed eye drop products by incorporating bioactive glass into a with a commercially available facial cream. This product combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. 45 gave the appearance of wrinkle reduction and skin-tighten ing when applied to the face. Contact Lens Treatment Products 2. A shampoo product, containing 5 wt % of 4 um Bioactive glass may also be incorporated into various brands of contact lens treatment products, including clean bioactive glass formulated in a combination of Standapol 50 ES-2, Crosultaine C-50, Foamid C. deionized H2O, Pheno ing solutions for hard and Soft lens, saline solutions, and bact and citric acid. rewetting Solutions. Such as the products marketed under the 3. A nail-hardening/protecting gel, containing gelled brand names Alcon, Allergan, Barnes Hind, Bausch & jojoba oil or glycerin and a PemulenR polymer, or glycerin, Lomb, Boston, Ciba, Clean-N-Soak, ClerZ Z. Liquifilm, water, citric acid, Jaguar C-14S and phenobact. Opti-Soak, ProFree, Resolve, Soac-Lens, Wet-N-Soak, 55 Alcon, Allergan, Ciba Vision, Complete, Lens Plus, Mira 4. Makeup formulas, containing gelled jojoba oil and with flow, Opti-Clean, Opti-Free, Opti-Zyme, Pliagel, ReNu, Lubrajel(R) MS with various pigments Sensitive Eyes, Ultra Zyme, drugstore.com, Softwear, 5. A skin lotion/makeup, containing Polawax, mineral oil, Unisol, Clear Eyes, ClerZ Z, Opti-One, and products pro glycerin, Jaguar C14-S, citric acid, Phenobact, colorant and duced by high-end and generic manufacturers. 60 fragrance Generally, contact lens treatment products comprise boric 6. A Sunscreen product, containing gelled jojoba oil, octyl acid, sodium chloride, thimersol, and edetate disodium. methoxycinnamate and benzophenone-3 Contact lens treatment products may also include one or 7. A deodorant stick containing 8% bioactive glass and more of the following: benzalkonium chloride, alkyl ether 65 composition MV00/036/02/01 Sulfate, ethoxylated alkyl phenol, tri-quaternary cocoa-based 8. A deodorant stick containing 8% bioactive glass and phospholipid, silica gel, titanium dioxide, fragrance, phe composition MV00/036/01/01 US 7,250,174 B2 55 56 9. A deodorant stick containing 5% bioactive glass and incubation period (1-5 days), the samples were checked for composition MV00/030/02/01 inhibition Zone formation and growth. 10. A deodorant cream containing 50% bioactive glass The test organisms used were: and composition MV00/036/03/01 Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 11. A nail hardening creme containing 15% bioactive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 glass and composition MVO0/036/04/01 A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 12. A nail hardening creme containing 30% bioactive glass and composition MV00/036/04/01B Candida albicans ATCC 10231 Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 Example 15 below demonstrates that the cosmetic for 10 mulations comprising bioactive glass, including sol-gel Results: derived bioactive glass, do not irritate the skin or result in any perceivable allergic hypesensitivity. Size of inhibition Zone in mm per sample batch

EXAMPLE 1.5 15 Batch No. Skin Sensitivity Tests Test organism 1 2 3 Several prototype products (Bioglass (30% utl.) in an Bacilius subtiis O/W-Formulation) were tested to determine if skin irritation or allergic hypersensitivity was present following the use of 1 day 5 5 3 2 days 2 2 1 any of the protypte cosmetic compositions comprising bio 3 days 2 1 1 active glass. 5 days 2 O O Patch testing represents a Sound, relatively safe and Staphylococcusatiretts 25 reasonable reliable method for identifying allergens. A posi 1 day 4 4 4 tive reaction to a correctly applied patch-test proves that the 2 days 3 3 2 person has a contact sensitivity to the Substance tested, but 3 days 3 3 2 not necessarily that the Substance is the cause of the clinical 5 days 3 2 2 dermatitis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 30 In patch testing, the Suspected topical allergen has to 1 day 4 4 3 penetrate the stratum corneum to the viable (effector) cells 2 days 2 2 1 of the skin to present a local challenge to the immune 3 days 2 2 O 5 days 2 O O system. Candida albicans Methods: The product to be tested is applied on a patch of filter paper, placed on an impermeable sheet and fixed to the 35 1 day 3 3 3 2 days O 1 1 skin with adhesive tape (Leukotest (R), Fa. Hartmann). Test 3 days O O O site: inner side of the forearm. The test patch is left in place 5 days O O O for 24 hours then removed. The examination by the derma Aspergilius niger tologist followes. A second and third examination are per 40 1 day 5 5 5 formed after 48 and 72 hours by the dermatologist. 2 days 5 5 4 All assessments were performed under standard lighting 3 days 3 3 2 conditions by the responsible dermatologist. 5 days 2 2 O Panellists were instructed to keep the test sites dry over the application period. 45 Results: Under the conditions of this test no evidence of pH controls on nutrient media without seeding with primary irritation or allergic hypersensitivity was present. microorganisms, but in the presence of the sample resulted None of the thirty patch-tests resulted in positive reactions in the following: after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The tested products are considered safe for use. 50 Examples 16 and 17 below provide the results of inhibi on glass powder: pH >= 10 tion Zone tests and demonstrates the anti-microbial effects of on agar near glass powder pH 9.5 bioactive glass. The anti-microbial effects of bioactive glass on agar (periphery): pH 8.5 are useful in many of the cosmetic formulations described (control plate without glass powder: pH 7.5) above. 55

EXAMPLE 16 EXAMPLE 17 Inhibition Zone Test Concentration Dependent Inhibition Test 60 Liquid Caso agar or Sabouraud agar was mixed with the Liquid Caso agar or Sabouraud agar was mixed with the corresponding test organism (target: 10 CFU/plate) and corresponding test organism (target: 10 CFU/plate) as well poured into petri dishes. After the agar had cooled, a disk as variable amounts (see chart below) of 45S bioactive glass (approx. 1 cm in diameter) was punched out of the agar and powder and poured into petri dishes. The agar was stored for was filled with approximately 0.5 g 45S (BioaglassTM) 65 2 hours at 5° C. and subsequently incubated. After comple bioactive glass powder. The agar was stored for 2 hours at tion of the incubation period (1-5 days) the samples were 5° C. and subsequently incubated. After completion of the checked for inhibition Zone formation and growth. US 7,250,174 B2 57 58 The test organisms used were: pH value unchanged Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 Non-sterilized aqueous Solution Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 Arrangement: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 Overview tables of load test of individual microorganisms Candida albicans ATCC 10231 Test formulas V.99/020/01/11-19 (aqueous supernatant) Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 Test formulas V99/020/02/01a-h (O/W emulsion) Results: Organism count using different amounts of glass (a-h-different concentrations BioGlas/none to 0.2% powder VSM12650) 10 Test formulas V99/020/02/02a-f (O/W emulsion) (a-f-different concentrations BioGlas/none to 20% VSM12650) Content of glass in Ing Test formulas V99/020/03/01a-h (W/O emulsion) (a-h-different concentration BioGlas/none to 0.2% Test organism O 100 2OO 500 1OOO 15 VSM 12650) Bacilius subtiis Test formulas V99/020/03/02a-f (W/O emulsion) (a-f different concentration BioGlas/none to 20% 1 day >10 >10 -10 O O 2 days >10 >10 >10 O O VSM12650) 3 days >10 >10 -10 O O Load test MB990669-713 (aqueous supernatant) 5 days >10 >10 -- Staphylococcusatiretts Load test MB990714-743 (O/W emulsion) Load test MB990744-773 (W/O emulsion) 1 day >10 >10 -10 O O 2 days >10 >10 -10 O O Stability test S990029 (for V99/020/02/01h) 3 days >10 >10 >10 O O Stability test S990046 (for V99/020/02/02e) 5 days >10 >10 -- 25 Stability test S990030 (for V99/020/03/01h) Pseudomonas aeruginosa Stability test S990047 (for V99/020/03/02e) 1 day >10 >10 >10 O O 2 days >10 >10 >10 O O Results: 3 days >10 >10 -10 O O 5 days >10 >10 -- 30 Aqueous Supernatent Candida albicans Except for Aspergillus niger, all load tests show a logical 1 day >10 >10 O O O course of the test series. From a concentration of between 2 days >10 >10 >3OO O O 3% and 5% of bioactive glass, no growth is detectable even 3 days >10 >10 -300 O O after 6 load cycles. Bioactive glass is most effective against 5 days >10 >10 ------Aspergilius niger 35 Staphylococcus aureus. Aspergillus niger, starting from the 4th load cycle, no longer shows any growth inhibition. 1 day n.d n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. 2 days >10 >300 >30 O O Bioactive glass is effective against Aspergillus niger at 3 days >10 >300 >30 O O higher concentrations up to the 4th load cycle. (Note: this 5 days >10 ------40 result is not surprising since Aspergillus niger, compared to + = growth detectable after subcultivation other species, frequently presents a problem with other - = no growth detectable after subcultivation preservation systems as well.) n.d. = not performed O/W Emulsion/W/O Emulsion The antimicrobial effect of bioactive glass could be 45 Even at lower concentrations of bioactive glass (2%), a detected both in the inhibition Zone test as shown in clear preservative effect is observed. But here, too, Aspergil Example 16 and as a function of concentration as shown in lus niger exhibits the behavior described above. Example 17. Stability The reduction in microbial growth correlates with a pH 50 emulsion base V99/020/02/01 h=0.2% increase in the medium. Examples 18 and 19 below demonstrate the effect of Normal test: -7°C./40° C.; stable bioactive glass on a variety of microorganisms. Extreme test: - 14° C./60° C.; separation in 3rd cycle emulsion base EXAMPLE 1.8 55 Microbiological Test Series Normal test: stable Extreme test: stable emulsion base V99/020/03/01 h=0.2% Microbiological test series with individual microorgan 60 isms of an aqueous Solution of bioactive glass (clear Super Normal test: separation after 3rd cycle natant), O/W emulsion, W/O emulsion each with different Extreme test: n/a concentrations of bioactive glass. emulsion base V99/020/03/02e=20% Conditions: 65 Individual microorganism suspension Separation of emulsion even before the start of the test With common salt (in the aqueous solution) series. US 7,250,174 B2 59 60

LOAD TEST with BIOGLAS ASPERGILLUS NIGER Test Series 3A V99/020/01/11–V99/020/01/19 Aqueous Solution/Supernatant V99,020 O2/O2 OW Emulsion V99,02003/02 WO Emulsion Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Concentration O 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aqueous Solution (Supernatant without Sediment) (V99/020/01/11–19) O.S9/o +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Explanation: O.8% +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Cycle 0: Smear without 190 +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ inoculation 2% +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Cycles 1–6: inoculated 3% +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ with above species 59% ------+++ +++ +++ Concentration in Sample 10% ------+++ +++ +++ container; ca. 10 15% ------20% ------OW Emulsion (V99/020/02/02)

2% ------+++ ++ +++ Explanation: 59% -- + Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% ------++ Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% ------++ with above species Blank test +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas W/O Emulsion (V99/020/03/02) 2% +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Explanation: 5% ------+ Cycle 0: Smear without 10% ------inoculation 15% + Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% - with above species Blank test +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Concentration in sample container; ca 10 Blank test: without BioGlas

RESULTS OF LOAD TEST with BIOGLAS CANDIDA ALBICANS Test Series 3B V99/020/01/11–V99/020/01/19 Aqueous Solution/Supernatant V99,020 O2/O2 OW Emulsion V99,02003/02 WO Emulsion Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Concentration O 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aqueous Solution (Supernatant without Sediment) (V99/020/01/11–19) O.S9/o ++ +++ +++ +++ Explanation: O.8% -- +++ +++ +++ Cycle 0: Smear without 190 +++ +++ +++ inoculation 2% ++ +++ Cycles 1–6: inoculated 3% - with above species 59% - Concentration in sample 10% - container; ca. 10 15% 20% OW Emulsion (V99/020/02/02) 2% - Explanation: 59% - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% - with above species Blank test +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas US 7,250,174 B2 61 62

-continued

RESULTS OF LOAD TEST with BIOGLAS CANDIDA ALBICANS Test Series 3B V99/020/01/11–V99/020/01/19 Aqueous Solution/Supernatant V99,020 O2/O2 OW Emulsion V99,02003/02 WO Emulsion

Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Concentration O 1 2 3 4 5 6

W/O Emulsion (V99/020/03/02)

2% +++ +++ +++ +++ Explanation: 59% -- - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% - with above species Blank test +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas

LOAD TEST with BIOGLAS ESCHERICHA COLI Test Series 3C V99/020/01/11–V99/020/01/19 Aqueous Solution/Supernatant V99,020 O2/O2 OW Emulsion V99,02003/02 WO Emulsion Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Concentration O 1 2 3 4 5 6 Aqueous Solution (Supernatant without Sediment) (V99/020/01/11–19) O.S9/o -- +++ +++ +++ Explanation: O.8% -- - Cycle 0: Smear without 190 +++ +++ inoculation 2% +++ Cycles 1–6: 3% - inoculated with above 59% - species 10% - Concentration in sample 15% - container; ca. 10 20%

2% - Explanation: 59% - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% (+) - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: 20% - inoculated with above Blank test - species Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas W/O Emulsion (V99/020/03/02) 2% -- (+) (++) (++) - Explanation: 59% - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: 20% - inoculated with above Blank test ++ species Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas (+), (++): contamination with foreign microorganisms US 7,250,174 B2 63 64

LOAD TEST with BIOGLAS PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA Test Series 3D V99/020/01/11–V99/020/01/19 Aqueous Solution/Supernatant V99,020 O2/O2 OW Emulsion V99,02003/02 WO Emulsion

Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Concentration O 1 2 3 4 5 6

Aqueous Solution (Supernatant without Sediment) (V99/020/01/11–19)

O.S9/o +++ +++ +++ Explanation: O.8% +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Cycle 0: Smear without 190 +++ +++ +++ inoculation 2% +++ +++ +++ +++ Cycles 1–6: inoculated 3% +++ +++ +++ with above species 59% -- - Concentration in sample 10% - container; ca. 10 15% 20% OW Emulsion (V99/020/02/02)

2% - Explanation: 59% - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% - with above species Blank test - Concentration in sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas W/O Emulsion (V99/020/03/02)

2% +++ +++ +++ +++ Explanation: 59% - Cycle 0: Smear without 10% - inoculation 15% - Cycles 1–6: inoculated 20% - with above species Blank test +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ Concentration in Sample container; ca. 10 Blank test: without BioGlas

EXAMPLE 19 Results/Conclusions: 50 Although, microorganism sterility with O/W emulsions is Microbiological Test Series difficult to achieve the first smear (blank) shows sterility except for E.coli. In addition, despite selecting a suitable Microbiological Test Series with individual microorgan O/W emulsion base this base has its own preservative effect isms of selected O/W emulsion against E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus. (V99/020/04/03 (G4)=new laboratory sample V99/020/06/ 55 01) The results from Example 19 indicate: Conditions: 1. The pH value of the O/W base increases again in the individual microorganism suspension course of the test series to the values before adjustment pH value changed to values typical in cosmetics (citric with citric acid. The pH value of the sample without acid) 60 bioactive glass remains unchanged. non-sterilized 2. Microorganism growth is clearly inhibited. Arrangement: 3. With hight concentrations even a difficult to control overview table of load test of individual microorganisms organism Such as Aspergillus niger is effectively inhib overview table of pH adjustment and change over time 65 ited. test formulas V99/020/06/O1a-f 4. High pH value correlates with microorganism inhibi load test MB991 000-1034 tion. US 7,250,174 B2 65 66

Load Test with Bioglas Test Series 7A Aspergilius niger Candida albicans V99/020/06/01 OW Emulsion (Dragil) non-sterilepH non-adjusted

Product NE O/W Cream (Dragil) Test Number Prod. date Test start

Cons. No. Bioglas V99 iO2OO6 O1 Oct. 11, 1999 Oct. 15, 1999

MB99 % Blank Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 pH Value before start of test A. niger 10 CFU/ml

OOO a) 2 ------10.9 OO1 b) 5 11.6 OO2 c) 10 11.8 OO3 d) 15 12.1 OO)4 e) 20 12.2 005 f) none ------7.1 C. albicans 107 CFU/ml

OO6 a) 2 10.9 OO7 b) 5 11.6 O08 c) 10 (+++P) 11.8 O09 d) 15 12.1 O10 e) 20 12.2 O11 f) none ------7.1

Load Test with Bioglas Test Series 7B Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa V99/020/06/01 OW Emulsion (Dragil) non-sterile, pH non-adjusted Product NE O/W Crean (Dragil Test Number Prod. date Test start Cons. No. Bioglas Oct. 11, 1999 Oct. 15, 1999 MB99 % Blank Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 pH Value before start of test E. coli 107 CFU/ml 1012 a) 2 O.9 1013 b) 5 1.6 1014 c) 10 1.8 101S d) 15 2.1 1016 e) 20 2.2 1017 f) none ------7.1 Ps. aeruginosa 107 CFU/ml 1018 a) 2 O.9 1019 b) 5 1.6 102O c) 10 1.8 1021 d) 15 2.1 1022 e) 20 2.2 1023 f) none 7.1 US 7,250,174 B2 67 68

Load Test with Bioglas Test Series 7C Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli (pH adjusted) V99/020/06/01 OW Emulsion (Dragil) non-sterile, pH non-adjusted

Product Test Number Prod. date Test start NE O/W Cream (Dragil) V99 iO2OO6 O1 Oct. 11, 1999 Oct. 15, 1999 St. aureus 107 CFU/ml Cons. No. Bioglas MB99 % Blank Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 pH Value before start of test 1024 a) 2 10.9 1025 b) 5 11.6 1026 c) 10 11.8 1027 d) 15 12.1 1028 e) 20 12.2 1029 f) none ------7.1 E. coli 10 CFU/ml (control measurement with adjusted pH value) Cons. No. Bioglas Cycle Cycle Cycle pH Value MB99 % Blank 1 2 3 Nov. O9, 1999

1030 a) 2 ------8.5 1031 b) 5 10 1032 c) 10 ---- 10 1033 d) 15 10 1034 e) 20 10

30 Cleaning Agents visible. Stains are usually removed oxidatively after the General 9.rease and p1gmpigment dirt is dissolved. Oxidative removal is generally accomplished, for The present invention provides novel cleaning agent example, with chlorine-containing chemicals. Chlorine-con compositions comprising bioactive glass. The present inven 35 taining chemicals generally remove only the coloring part of tion also provides methods of making and using these novel the stain, whereas the other indissoluble substances remain non-toxic cleaning agents. with the basic substance. Because of its high reactivity, the Particulate bioactive glass and/or aqueous extracts of disadvantage of chlorine is that it aggressively attacks particulate bioactive glass can be added to standard house colored Surfaces or Substances such as fabrics changing the hold cleaning agents as well as industrial cleaning agents. 40 color tone or causing the colors to bleed. In addition, The resulting formulations provide cleaning agents with chlorine aggressively attacks the Substance to be cleaned, enhanced cleaning and anti-microbial properties. In addition especially fabrics, so that their basic structure is destroyed to the direct anti-microbial effects of bioactive glass, the after multiple washings. increased pH resulting from the presence of bioactive glass Previous attempts to alleviate the oxidizing effect of 45 chlorine involved the use per-acetic acid. Although per also enhances cleaning. In addition, bioactive glass has a acetic acid has an adequate disinfecting effect, its ability to high affinity for proteinaceous matter, Such as blood and penetrate porous material is insufficient, which in turn leads food as well as oil and grease. Cleaning agents containing to an unsatisfactory sterilization effect. In addition, per bioactive glass may be used to effectively clean and disinfect acetic acid has an oxidizing effect, although to a smaller Surfaces including, but not limited to painted walls, wood 50 degree. Although the oxidizing effect of per acetic acid may furniture, vinyl floors (waxable and nonwax), vitreus china, not create a color-destroying bleaching effect, in most cases porcelain enamel, stainless steel, plastic laminate (For its disinfecting effect is not sufficient. For this reason is not micaR), plastic, acrylic, fiberglass, and chrome. These new possible, for example, to remove aerobic spore producers. cleaning agents may also be used to effectively clean textile Furthermore, the use of per-acids results in significant materials, including but not limited to, rugs woven from 55 damage to some materials, such as woolens. wool, various synthetic fibers, and articles of clothing. Accordingly, a goal of one embodiment of present inven A traditional cleaning agent may be, for example, a tion is to produce cleaning agents which are non-toxic, yet compound containing one or more surfactants useful for provide an antimicrobial effect, while also providing good dissolving dirt in a solvent, especially in an aqueous solvent. cleaning qualities. Surfactants are generally effective in cleaning grease or oily 60 Since bioactive glass releases Ca" ions, it was expected dirt. However, other dirt, Such as proteins or dirt containing that the presence of bioactive glass in an aqueous solution proteins, e.g., blood, other staining Substances such as coffee would significantly increase the hardness of the solution. It or tea, as well as invisible dirt, including dirt from micro was therefore expected that calcification would increase organisms, cannot be cleaned in this way alone. For this resulting in a reduction of cleaning action, so that these reason a bleaching agent and/or disinfecting agent are usu 65 glasses would not be Suitable for use as washing and ally added to the cleaning formulations, so that the remain cleaning agents. Moreover, it was expected that the abrasive ing dirt is at least removed to the point that it is no longer effect of glass particles would result in a mechanical damage US 7,250,174 B2 69 70 of materials, especially in textiles, which would lead to a Such cleaning agents are not only useful for cleaning and corrosion of the fabric. Nevertheless, applicants unexpect sterilizing Surfaces and textile materials but also may be edly found that a variety of effective cleaning agents could used to clean and sterilize Surgical instruments. In addition, be formulated comprising bioactive glass. Surprisingly, the cleaning agents containing bioactive glass are useful as dish effectiveness of the washing agent is not hindered by the washing agents, especially for use in dish washers. These release of alkaline ions and there is no increase in the novel cleaning agents may also be used in for disinfecting hardness of the water or calcification. Also, these novel and cleaning Surfaces and materials in the sanitation, hos cleaning agents do not corrode or damage the materials pital, and gastronomy industries. being cleaned, especially textile fabrics, as feared through Methods of Making the addition of the glass particles. 10 The present invention also provides a method of making Bioactive glass is well-suited as a glass cleaner since it is cleaning agent compositions comprising bioactive glass. An “softer than standard household cleaners and is suitable as effective antimicrobial amount of the bioactive glass is a mild abrasive. In addition, the soluble minerals released by added to or included in a cleaning agent formulation. An bioactive glass strengthens glass. For example, silicon “effective, antimicrobial amount of bioactive glass' refers to released by bioactive glass is especially helpful in strength 15 a Sufficient amount of bioactive glass having an appropriate ening and protecting glass products by preventing crack particle size to effectively prevent or control microbial propagation. Bioactive glass coats cracks in glass and builds contamination. The amount and particle size of bioactive up a protective silicon layer. glass to include in a cleaning agent formulation will vary The present invention also provides a cleaning agent depending on the desired length and degree of purity as well containing bioactive glass which not only acts as a biocide as the anticipated microbial challenge. An "effective anti against viruses and bacteria, but is also gentle on skin and microbial amount of bioactive glass' also may refer to a materials, causes no allergic reactions and cleans hard to Sufficient amount of an aqueous extract of bioactive glass to remove dirt Such as set-in proteins. The present invention effectively prevent or control microbial contamination. An also provides non-toxic cleaning agents having biocidal and effective antimicrobial amount of bioactive glass may also dirt removing properties to be used in conjunction with a 25 refer to a combination of particulate bioactive glass and Solvent having at least one Surface active agent. aqueous extract of bioactive glass to effectively prevent or In one embodiment the cleaning agent is non-toxic and control microbial contamination. has biocide and dirt-removing features for joint usage with Bioactive glass may be added to or included in cleaning a dissolving agent containing at least a surface active agent agent formulations using, for example, techniques or com and contains bioactive glass particles that release more than 30 binations of techniques such as general mixing with slow 250 g of alkaline ions per gram of glass particles. In another medium, moderate, or even vigorous agitation. Sufficient embodiment the cleaning agent comprises bioactive glass agitation should be provided to achieve relative homogene particles which release at least 300 ug of alkaline ions per ity. Preferably, mixing and agitation will avoid excessive gram of glass particles. aeration and will have a low sheer rate. Other methods or The glass particles preferably have an average particle 35 combinations of methods of blending, dispersing, mixing, size of smaller than 400um. In another embodiment the glass combining, and/or emulsifying may be utilized. Agitation particles have an average particle size of smaller than 100 may be achieved, for example, with devices such as standard lm. mixers. General mixing and blending may be achieved, for example, with an impeller. In one embodiment the cleaning agent comprises tenside 40 as a Surface active agent. In another embodiment the clean Bioactive glass may be added to or included in virtually ing agent contains bioactive glass which has components any known cleaning agent formulation. Applicants antici within the following ranges on a % weight basis: 40-60% pate as well that bioactive glass will be suitable for inclusion SiO; 10-30% CaO; 0-35% NaO; 2-8% P.O.s, 0-25% CaF: in any as yet to be developed cleaning agent formulation. In 0-10% B.O.; 0-8% KO; and 0-5% MgO. 45 one embodiment the bioactive glass may be particulate. In In one embodiment the cleaning agent comprises approxi another embodiment the bioactive glass may be an aqueous mately 1-7% of the weight of glass particles in terms of the solution derived from particulate bioactive glass. In still total weight of cleaning agent. In one embodiment the another embodiment the bioactive glass may be a combina invention provides a method of making a cleaning agent in tion of particulate bioactive glass and an aqueous Solution which glass particles are added to at least one Surface active 50 derived from bioactive glass. agent, which release at least 250 ug of alkaline ions per gram In one embodiment the method of making these novel of glass particles. In another embodiment the invention cleaning agents comprises combining a cleaning agent with provides a method of using a cleaning agent in clean objects one or more Surfactants and with bioactive glass. The Such as a variety of Surfaces and textile materials. In one method may also include adding a solvent. In one embodi embodiment the cleaning agent is a dish-washing agent. In 55 ment the method comprises adding particulate bioactive another embodiment the invention provides a method of glass and/or an aqueous extract of bioactive glass. The using a cleaning agent for cleaning in hospitals, clinics, and aqueous Solutions of bioactive glass may be dried, for in the gastronomy industry. example, by spray drying or by drying in vacuo to provide an antimicrobial composition. The compositions can be In one embodiment the cleaning agent containing bioac incorporated into other antimicrobial Solutions or cleaning tive glass releases more than 250 ug of alkaline ions per 60 gram of glass particles. The glass particles contained in the agents to provide an additional antimicrobial component to cleaning agent according to another embodiment of the the solutions or cleaning agents. present invention preferably release more than 300 ug, and The present invention will be more clearly understood especially more than 500 g of alkaline ions per gram of with reference to the following non-limiting examples. glass particles. Glass particles that release more than 1 mg 65 Categories of Cleaners of alkaline ions per gram of glass are even more especially The present invention will produce novel formulations preferred. which incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of US 7,250,174 B2 71 72 cleaning products including: laundry detergents, stain sodium carbonate, trisodium HEDTA, sodium metabisulfite, removers, and fabric Softening products, dish washing prod and various quality control agents. ucts, air fresheners, deodorizing products, bathroom tissues, The present invention provides for novel formulations of facial tissues, paper towels, napkin products, cotton Swabs, dish-washing products by incorporating bioactive glass into handiwipes, Scouring and sponge products, oven cleaning a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. products, toilet cleaning products, tub and shower cleaning The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are products, carpet cleaning products, all purpose cleaning particularly useful in dish-washing products to reduce bac products, and jewelry and metal cleaning products. teria and to increase cleaning power.

Laundry , Stain Remover and Fabric Softening 10 Air-Freshener and Room Deodorizing Products Products The present invention includes novel formulations which The present invention includes novel formulations which incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of air fresh incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of varieties ener and room deodorizing products such as the products of laundry detergent, stain remover, and fabric softening marketed under the brand names Airwick, Arm & Hammer, products, such as the products marketed under the brand 15 Clorex, Country Air, Country Rose, Dale, Enoz, Glade, names Ajax, All, Arm & Hammer, Biz, Bold, Bounce, Lemon Fresh, Little Tree, , Moonlight Bay, One Drop, Carbona, Cheer, Cling Free, Clorox, Dow, Downy, Dreft, Pine Closet, , Solid Sachet, Wizard, and products Dryel, Era, Fab, Febreze, Fresh Start, Gain, Ivory, K2R, produced by and high-end and generic manufacturers. Oxydol, Purex, Rit, Shout, , Spray & Wash, Stain Common formulations of air freshener and room deodor Devil, Sun Cuddle, , Thoro, Tide, Ultra, Windfresh, izing products comprise N-alkyl, dimethyl benzyl ammo , , ZOut, and products produced by high-end nium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and generic manufacturers. dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and didecyl dimethyl Generally, laundry detergent, stain remover, and fabric ammonium chloride. softening products comprise cleaning agents (anionic and Air freshener and room deodorizing products also may nonionic Surfactants), enzymes, water softener, dispensing 25 include one or more of the following: alkyl methylbenzyl aid (propylene glycol), buffering agents, water, stabilizing ammonium saccharinate and ethanol. agents, soil Suspending agents, color-protecting agents, col The present invention provides for novel formulations of oring agents and fragrance. air freshener and room deodorizing products by incorporat Common formulations of laundry detergent, stain ing bioactive glass into a combination of any of the above remover, and fabric softening products comprise cleaning 30 listed ingredients. agents (anionic an nonionic Surfactants), buffering agent, Stabilizer, perfume, brightening agents and coloring agents. The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are Laundry detergent, stain remover, and fabric softening particularly useful in air freshener and room deodorizing products may also include one or more of the following: products to reduce bacteria and odor. , hydrogen peroxide, water softeners 35 Bathroom and Kitchen Paper Products (aluminosilicates, Sodium carbonate), various processing The present invention includes novel formulations which aids (sodium sulfate), various washer protection agents, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of bathroom various soil suspending agents, cationic Surfactants and tissue, facial tissue, paper towel and napkin products such as various preservatives. the products marketed under the brand names Angel Soft, The present invention provides for novel formulations of 40 Bounty, Brawny, Brite-Life, Charmin, Cottonelle, Good & laundry detergent, stain remover, and fabric Softening prod Plenty, Green Forest, Hi Dri, Kleenex, Marcal, Mardi Gras, ucts by incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of Md Bath Tissue, Northern, Puffs, Purely Cotton, Scott, any of the above-listed ingredients. Scotties, So-Dri, Soft N Gentle, Sparkle, Vanity Fair, Viva, The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are Wash N Dri, Zee, and products produced by high-end and particularly useful in laundry detergent products to reduce 45 generic manufacturers. bacteria and odor and to increase pH. Common formulations of bathroom tissue, facial tissue, paper towel, and napkin products comprise purified wood Dish-Washing Products pulp, skin conditioners, coloring agents and fragrance. The present invention includes novel formulations which The present invention provides for novel formulations of incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of dish 50 bathroom tissue, facial tissue, paper towel and napkin prod washing products such as the products marketed under the ucts by incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of brand names Ajax. All, Cascade, Crystal White, Dawn, any of the above-listed ingredients. Dove. Earth Friendly, Easy Off, Electrosol, Extra Plus, Glass Magic, Ivory, Jet Dry, Joy, Palmolive, Sun Light, Surf, and Cleaning Accessory Products products produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. 55 The present invention includes novel formulations which Generally, dish-washing products comprise a detergent, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of cotton an alkaline compound to increase pH, a and a Swab, handiwipe, Scouring and sponge products Such as the fragrance. products marketed under the brand names Arden, Ecko, Common formulations of dish-washing products com Guardsman, Handi Wipes, Johnson & Johnson, Lysol, Mr. prise triclosan, water, ammonium laureth Sulfate, lauryl 60 Clean, O-Cel-O, Pledge, Q-tips, S.O.S., Scotch Brite, and polyglucose, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, SD alcohol products produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. 3-A, Sodium Xylene Sulfonate, quaternium-15, lauramide The present invention provides for novel formulations of myristamide MEA, fragrance and various coloring agents. cotton Swab, handiwipe, Scouring and sponge products by Dish-washing products also may include one or more of incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of the following: chlorine bleach, silicate salts, lauryl polyglu 65 the above-listed ingredients. cose, DMDM hydantoin, methylchloroisothiazolinone, cal The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are cium carbonate, methylisothiazolinone, anionic Surfactants, particularly useful in cotton Swab, handiwipe, Scouring and US 7,250,174 B2 73 74 sponge products to reduce bacteria and odor. Additionally, agents, Various processing agents, various coloring agents, the abrasive effects of bioactive glass aid in the removal of and various quality control agents. dirt and stains. The present invention provides for novel formulations of Oven Cleaning Products tub and shower cleaning products by incorporating bioactive The present invention includes novel formulations which 5 glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredi incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of oven entS. cleaning products such as the products marketed under the The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are brand names Dow, Easy Off, Kleen King, and products particularly useful in tub and shower cleaning products to produced by high-end and generic manufacturers. reduce bacteria and odor. Generally, oven cleaning products comprise the active 10 ingredient sodium hydroxide. Carpet Cleaning Products Common formulations of oven cleaning products com The present invention includes novel formulations which prise water, Surfactants, grease cutting agents, sodium incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of carpet hydroxide, water conditioning agents, fragrance, and various cleaning products such as the products marketed under the coloring agents. 15 brand names Arm & Hammer, Carpet Fresh, Folex, Formula The present invention provides for novel formulations of 409, Glade, Simply Spot-Less, Spot Shot, Resolve, Shout, oven cleaning products by incorporating bioactive glass into Woolite, and products produced by high-end and generic a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. manufacturers. The antimicrobial effects of bioactive glass are particu Generally, carpet cleaning products comprise the active larly useful in oven cleaning products to reduce bacteria and ingredient sodium bicarbanate and fragrance. odor. The present invention provides for novel formulations of Toilet Cleaning Products carpet cleaning products by incorporating bioactive glass The present invention includes novel formulations which into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of toilet 25 The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are cleaning products such as the products marketed under the particularly useful in carpet cleaning products to reduce brand names Blu Boy, Bowl Fresh, Clorox, Dale, Dow, Lime bacteria and odor. Away, Lysol, Septonic, Sno Bol, Tiolet Duck, Ty-D-Bol, , Willert Bowl, and X-14, and products produced by All Purpose Cleaning Products high-end and generic manufacturers. 30 The present invention includes novel formulations which Generally, toilet cleaning products comprise the active incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of all purpose ingredient oxacil acid. cleaning products such as the products marketed under the Common formulations of toilet cleaning products com brand names Amazing White, Biz, Borateem, Cloralen, prise bromine, chlorine, 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhy Clorox, Ajax, Armstrong, Barkeepers Friend, Behold, Bon dantoin, 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, and 1,3- 35 Ami, , Brite, Cameo, Cinch, Clear Calcium Lime dichloro-5-ethyl-5-methylhydantoin. Rust Remover, Clorox, Comet, Dow, Easy-Off, Endust, Toilet cleaning products also may include one or more of Fantastik, Formula 409, Glass Magic, Glass Plus, Interna the following: hydrogen chloride, alkyl, dimethyl benzyl tional Brass & Metal Polish, Johnson, Lysol, Mop & Glo, ammonium chloride, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chlo Mr. Clean, Murphy’s, Old English, Pine O Pine, Pine Sol, ride, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and dioctyl 40 Pledge, Proctor & Gamble, Orange Clean, Orange Glo, dimethyl ammonium chloride. Scotts, Simple Green, Soft Scrub, Sparkle, Spic & Span, The present invention provides for novel formulations of Tilex, Twinkle, Xtra, Weinmans, Wince, Wright, Wrights, toilet cleaning products by incorporating bioactive glass into and products produced by high-end and generic manufac a combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. turerS. The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are 45 Generally, all purpose cleaning products comprise Sodium particularly useful in toilet cleaning products to reduce hypochlorite and/or calcium hypochlorite, a detergent, bacteria and odor. ammonia and alcohol. Common formulations of all purpose cleaning products Tub and Shower Cleaning Products comprise Sodium dichloro-S-triazinetrione dihydrate, clean The present invention includes novel formulations which 50 incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of tub and ing agents (calcium carbonate, Sodium carbonate, anionic shower cleaning products such as the products marketed Surfactants), perfume, various quality control agents and under the brand names Clean Shower, Comet, Dow, Edfred, various coloring agents. Lime-Away, Lysol, Parsons, Pine Sol, Scrub Free, Shower All purpose cleaning products also may include one or Power, Soft Scrub, Tilex, X-14, and products produced by 55 more of the following: dipropylene glycol butyl ether, citric high-end and generic manufacturers. acid, bleach, N-alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides, Generally, tub and shower cleaning products comprise N-alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, ammo Sodium hypochlorite and/or calcium hypochlorite, a deter nia-D, octyl decyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dioctyl gent and bleach. dimethyl ammonium chloride, isopropanol and Surfactants. Common formulations of tub and shower cleaning prod 60 The present invention provides for novel formulations of ucts comprise alkyl, dimethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides all purpose cleaning products by incorporating bioactive and detergents. glass into a combination of any of the above-listed ingredi Tub and shower cleaning products also may include one entS. or more of the following: dipropylene glycol butyl ether, The antimicrobial and pH effects of bioactive glass are citric acid, perfume, water, calcium carbonate, sodium 65 particularly useful in general purpose cleaning products to hypochlorite, dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chlorides, reduce bacteria and odor. Additionally, the abrasive quality glycol ether, Surfactants, Soil suspending agents, cleaning of bioactive glass aids in the removal of dirt and stains. US 7,250,174 B2 75 76 Jewelry and Metal Cleaning Products a draught. Suitable carriers may be starches or Sugars and The present invention includes novel formulations which include lubricants, flavorings, binders, and other materials of incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of jewelry the same nature. and metal cleaning products Such as the products marketed A tablet may be made by compression or molding, option under the brand names Brasso, International Brass & Metal 5 ally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed Polish, Twinkle, and Wrights. tablets may be prepared by compressing in a Suitable The present invention provides for novel formulations of machine the active compound in a free-flowing form, e.g., a jewelry and metal cleaning products by incorporating bio powder or granules, optionally mixed with accessory ingre active glass into any of the above-listed ingredients. dients, e.g., binders, lubricants, inert diluents, Surface active The abrasive and pH effects of bioactive glass are par 10 or dispersing agents. Molded tablets may be made by ticularly useful in jewelry and metal cleaning products to molding in a Suitable machine, a mixture of the powdered reduce bacteria and to remove stains. active compound with any Suitable carrier. A syrup Suspension may be made by adding the active Food Preservatives, Nutritional Supplements and Functional compound to a concentrated, aqueous solution of a Sugar, Food Formulations 15 e.g., Sucrose, to which may also be added any accessory Food Preservatives ingredients. Such accessory ingredients may include flavor Numerous foods are potentially infected with bacteria, ing, an agent to retard crystallization of the Sugar or an agent such as E. coli. Ground beef and chicken are particularly to increase the solubility of any other ingredient, e.g., as a Susceptible to bacterial infection. Aqueous solutions includ polyhydric alcohol, for example, glycerol or Sorbitol. ing an aqueous extract from bioactive glass have anti Categories of Functional Foods/Nutritional Supplements bacterial properties. The anti-bacterial effect is due, in part, One embodiment of the present invention will produce to the basic nature of the solution (pH greater than about 7. novel formulations which incorporate bioactive glass into preferably greater than about 9, more preferably greater than various brands of a variety of functional food and nutritional about 10.5). However, sodium hydroxide solutions of rela Supplements including: antacid products, calcium Supple tively high pH are not as effective at killing bacteria. 25 ment products, and silica Supplement products. Accordingly, the solutions have additional antibacterial ele ments present than merely a relatively high pH. Antacid Products The bioactive glass compositions may be sprayed on The present invention includes novel formulations which contaminated Surfaces, or incorporated into food products incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of antacid Such as ground beef. Since bioactive glass has been 30 products such as the products marketed under the brand approved for various uses by the FDA, the extract of names Alka-Mints, Alka-Seltzer, Amitone, Axid, Brite-Life, bioactive glass should be harmless to humans. In addition, Bromo Seltzer, Di-Gel, Gas-X, Gaviscon, Gelusil, Good bioactive glass has no effect on taste or texture. Sense, Imodium, Kaopectate, Lactaid, Maalox, Mag-OX, It should be noted that in addition to bioactive glass, Mylanta, Pepcid AC, Pepto-Bismol, Phazyme, Phillips, Pre antibiotics may also be added to food preservatives, nutri 35 lief, Riopan, Rolaids, Sal De Picot, Tagamet, Tempo, Titra tional Supplements and functional food formulations. The lac, Tums, Zantac, an products produced by high-end and addition of antibiotics to food preservatives, nutritional generic manufacturers. Supplements and functional food formulations which Common formulations of antacid products comprise aspi include bioactive glass is particularly effective in formula rin, Sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, Sodium citrate, sodium tions which are orally ingested. 40 acetylsalicylate, aspartame, flavor and phenylalanine. Antacid products also may include one or more of the Functional Foods/Nutritional Supplements following: calcium carbonate, magnesium Stearate, mineral It has been shown in several animal models that soluble oil, Sodium hexametaphosphate, starch, Stearic acid, Sucrose, silica is essential for proper absorption/metabolization of talc, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, alginic calcium. Thus, without adequate levels of soluble silica, the 45 acid, calcium Stearate, aspartame, croscarmellose Sodium, effects of supplemented calcium may be defeated. Accord silica, various artificial and natural flavorings, and various ingly, the addition of bioactive glass to calcium Supple coloring agents. mented foods may improve calcium absorption. The present invention provides for novel formulations of In addition, antacids are increasingly being sold as cal antacid products by incorporating bioactive glass into a cium Supplements. Accordingly the addition of bioactive 50 combination of any of the above-listed ingredients. glass to antacid formulation may increase calcium absorp The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects of bio tion, and due to its effects on pH also reduces acid. active glass are particularly useful in antacid products to Likewise, other calcium Supplements and calcium added reduce inflammation and bacteria. to foods such as orange juice, cereals, and nutritional shakes can benefit from the increased calcium absorption provided 55 Calcium Supplement Products by bioactive glass. In addition, the anti-inflammatory prop The present invention includes novel formulations which erties of bioactive glass make it suitable as a treatment for incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of calcium internal inflammations such as stomach and intestinal Supplement and calcium Supplemented products including: inflammations. dietary Supplements in pill and chewable form, antacids, 60 pain relievers, toothpaste, cereals, Snack foods, beverages, Methods of Making and various food seasonings and spreads such as the prod For enteral administration, the bioactive glass particulates ucts marketed under the brand names Alka-Mints, Amitone, can be incorporated into an inert carrier in discrete units such Basic Nutrition, Bayer, Biotene, Black Radiance, Brite-Life, as capsules, cachets, tablets or lozenges, each containing a Calcet, Cal-Max, Caltrate, Centrum Kids, Citracel, Dical-D, predetermined amount of the particles; as a powder or 65 Di-Gel, drugstore.com, Enamelon, Ensure, Equalactin, granules; or a Suspension or solution in an aqueous liquid or Estroven, FiberCon, Flintstones, Florical, FosFree, Future non-aqueous liquid, e.g., a syrup, an elixir, an emulsion or biotics, Gas-X, GNC, Good Sense, Healthy Woman, Konsyl, US 7,250,174 B2 77 78 Maalox, Mylanta, Natrol, Naturalife, Natural Wealth, Natu from the body. In this way, bioactive glasses can be used to rally Scientific, Nature Made, Nature's Bounty, Natures reduce or minimize the toxic effects of many metal ions. Reward, Nature's Way, Neo-Calglucon, Nephro-Calci, Bioactive glasses are particularly helpful in reducing or Nutrition Now, One-A-Day, Olry. Os-cal, Pharm Assure, minimizing the toxic effects of aluminum. In addition to the PhenSafe, Phillips, Posture, Prelief, Provate, R&C, R&D, sequestering or binding discusssed above, bioactive glasses Rainbow Light, Revlon, Roberts, Rolaids, Schiff, Similac, release additional calcium and phosphate, which aluminum Solgar, Stuart Prenatal, Sundown, Surfak, Thompson, Titra tends to bind. The aluminum so bound is thus made less lac, Tums, Twinlab, Viactiv, VitaFresh, and products pro available for toxic effects or damaging physiological pro duced by high-end and generic manufacturers. CCSSCS. Common formulations of calcium Supplement and cal 10 Accordingly, dietary Supplements incorporating bioactive cium Supplemented products comprise calcium carbonate, glass may be beneficial for treating or preventing many dicytl sodium SulfoSuccinate, hydrogenated cereal Solids, harmful disease processes and conditions associated with, magnesium Stearate, , Sorbitol, Sugar, for example, aluminum including, but not limited to, various artificial and natural flavorings and various coloring osteoporosis, osteodystrophy, and other conditions in which agents. 15 stimulation of of osteoblastic activity is desired. Calcium Supplement and calcium Supplemented products In addition, these dietary Supplements by binding alumi also may include one or more of the following: adipic acid, num, may be beneficial in preventing, slowing, or reversing silicon dioxide, sodium polyphosphate, starch, talc, aspar the effects of Alzheimer's disease, various forms ofencepha tame, mannitol, maltodextrin, cellulose, mineral oil, lopathy, and various forms of myocardial dysfunction. crospovidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, vegetable In addition to aluminum, bioactive glass can be used to glycerides, acacia gum, titanium oxide, polysorbate 80, bind other metal ions, including, for example, lead, cad Sodium lauryl Sulfate and Stearic acid. mium, Zinc, and iron. Accordingly, harmful or toxic effects The present invention provides for novel formulations of of these and other metal ions may be prevented, slowed, or calcium Supplement and calcium Supplemented products by reversed. incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of 25 the above-listed ingredients. Miscellaneous Products In addition to the products listed above, bioactive glass Silica Supplemented Products may be added to or included in the following household The present invention includes novel formulations which products: dust filters, wall paint/wallpaper, toilet seat covers, incorporate bioactive glass into various brands of silica 30 mold remover, ceramic/bathroom tile laminates, water fil Supplement and silica Supplemented products including the ters, mattress fillers, cleaning agents for Solariums and Sun following: dietary supplements in pill and chewable form, beds, toilet brushes, pet litter (such as the products marketed toothpaste, shampoo, body wash, and various food season under the brand names Litter Clean, Tidy Cat, Arm & ings and spreads, Such as the products marketed under the Hammer, Classy Cat, Everfresh, Fresh Step, Jonny, Sani brand names Body Essential, Crest, Futurebiotics, GNC, 35 Scoop and Scoop Away) and cutting boards to make these Natrol, Nature's Herbs, Nature's Way, Peter Thomas Roth, products highly resistant to microbial contamination and to and high-end and generic manufacturers. increase the pH. Common formulations of silica Supplement and silica The present invention also provides novel products useful Supplemented products comprise Stearic acid, dicalcium in the animal care and Veterinary fields. Bioactive glass may phosphate, cellulose, and magnesium Stearate. 40 also be added to or included, for example, in the following Silica Supplement and silica Supplemented products may animal/veterinary products to make these products highly also include one or more of the following: rice powder, resistant to microbial contamination and to increase the pH: silica, gelatin and water. sand for bird cages, kitty litter, flea powder, and dry sham The present invention provides for novel formulations of poos for animals. silica Supplement and silica Supplemented products by 45 Bioactive glass may also be added to or included in the incorporating bioactive glass into a combination of any of following products: fungicide/pesticide for agriculture, the above-listed ingredients. marine antifoulant, coating for glass and cleaners for indus Alternatively, bioactive glasss itself may be considered trial food and beverage containers, concrete, ceramics, and the silica Supplement or may replace the silica found in tile, to name a few, to make these products highly resistant existing formulations of silica Supplements. 50 to microbial contamination and to increase the pH. Applicants have found that bioactive glasses provide The numbered embodiments provided below further Superior and unexpected results in comparison to standard exemplify the invention and aspects therof. dietary silica Supplements. Applicants have found that bio 1. A cosmetic composition comprising bioactive glass and a active glasses release soluble silica into physiological envi 55 Substantially anhydrous cosmetic formulation. ronments in beneficial ways that have not heretofore been 2. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the bioactive appreciated. Bioactive glasses also provide for an unusually glass is melt-derived. large physical Surface area that presents silanol groups 3. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the bioactive which have activity that in many ways is similar to soluble glass is sol-gel-derived. silica. Note that this is particularly true for sol-gel-derived 60 4. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the bioactive glasses. glass is an aqueous extract. Applicants have found that both the released soluble silica 5. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the substan and the available silanol groups provide for an efficient tially anhydrous cosmetic formulation is selected from the mechanism for sequestering and removing metal ions from group consisting of lipstick, lipbalm, , eye the body. The glass particles, which may be micron-sized, 65 foundation, make-up foundation, and face powder. sequester or bind metal ions and are flushed through organs 6. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of of the body (e.g. the kidneys and intestines) and excreted Example 4B. US 7,250,174 B2 79 80 7. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of 37. The method of embodiment 34, wherein the bioactive Example 4C. glass is an aqueous extract. 8. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of 38. The method of embodiment 34, wherein the buffer is Example 5. citric acid. 9. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of 39. The method of embodiment 34, wherein the cosmetic Example 6. formulation is selected from the group consisting of: 10. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of lipstick, lipbalm, eye shadow, eye foundation, make-up Example 7. foundation, and face powder. 11. The composition of embodiment 1 in the formulation of 40. The method of embodiment 34 to make the formulation Example 8. 10 of Example 9. 12. The composition of embodiment 27 in the formulation of 41. A non-irritating, stable cosmetic composition comprising Example 9. bioactive glass and a cosmetic formulation, wherein the 13. The composition of embodiment 27 in the formulation of pH of the composition is between about 8 and about 12. Example 10B. 42. A method of making a non-irritating, stable cosmetic 14. A method of making a cosmetic composition comprising 15 composition comprising combining bioactive glass and a combining bioactive glass with a substantially anhydrous cosmetic formulation, wherein the pH of the composition cosmetic formulation. is between about 8 and about 12. 15. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the bioactive 43. A non-irritating cosmetic composition comprising bio glass is melt-derived. active glass and a cosmetic formulation, wherein said 16. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the bioactive cosmetic formulation comprises at least on Substance that glass is sol-gel-derived. is skin-irratating when not in the composition. 17. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the bioactive 44. A method of reducing and/or preventing skin irritation glass is an aqueous extract. comprising applying the cosmetic composition of 18. The method of embodiment 14, wherein the substantially embodiment 43 to the skin. anhydrous cosmetic formulation is selected from the 25 45. An odor reducing cosmetic composition comprising group consisting of lipstick, lipbalm, eye shadow, eye bioactive glass and a cosmetic formulation. foundation, make-up foundation, and face powder. 46. A method of reducing odor comprising applying the 19. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation cosmetic composition of embodiment 45 to a source of of Example 4B. odor. 20. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation 30 47. A UV-filtering cosmetic composition comprising bioac of Example 4C. tive glass and a cosmetic formulation. 21. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation 48. The cosmetic composition of embodiment 47, wherein of Example 5. the bioactive glass is sol-gel-derived. 22. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation 49. The cosmetic composition of embodiment 47 in the of Example 6. 35 formulation of Example 1. 23. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation 50. The cosmetic composition of embodiment 47 in the of Example 7. formulation of Example 2. 24. The method of embodiment 14 to make the formulation 51. The cosmetic composition of embodiment 47 in the of Example 8. formulation of Example 3. 25. The method of embodiment 34 to make the formulation 40 52. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin of Example 9. comprising applying the cosmetic composition of 26. The method of embodiment 34 to make the formulation embodiment 47 to the exposed skin. of Example 10B. 53. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin 27. A cosmetic composition comprising bioactive glass, a comprising applying the cosmetic composition of cosmetic formulation and a buffer. 45 embodiment 49 to the exposed skin. 28. The composition of embodiment 27, wherein the bioac 54. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin tive glass is melt-derived. comprising applying the cosmetic composition of 29. The composition of embodiment 27, wherein the bioac embodiment 50 to the exposed skin. tive glass is sol-gel-derived. 50 55. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin 30. The composition of embodiment 27, wherein the bioac comprising applying the cosmetic composition of tive glass is an aqueous extract. embodiment 51 to the exposed skin. 31. The composition of embodiment 27, wherein the buffer 56. A moisture-absorbing cosmetic composition comprising is citric acid. bioactive glass and a cosmetic formulation. 32. The composition of embodiment 27, wherein the cos 55 57. The cosmetic composition of embodiment 56, wherein metic formulation is selected from the group consisting the bioactive glass is sol-gel derived. of lipstick, lipbalm, eye shadow, eye foundation, make 58. A method of absorbing moisture comprising applying the up foundation, and face powder. cosmetic composition of embodiment 56 to a source of 33. The composition of embodiment 27 in the formulation of moisture. Example 9. 60 59. A personal care composition comprising bioactive glass 34. A method of making a cosmetic composition comprising and a personal care product. combining bioactive glass, a cosmetic formulation, and a 60. The composition of embodiment 59, wherein the bioac buffer. tive glass is melt-derived. 35. The method of embodiment 34, wherein the bioactive 61. The composition of embodiment 59, wherein the bioac glass is melt-derived. 65 tive glass is sol-gel-derived. 36. The method of embodiment 34, wherein the bioactive 62. The composition of embodiment 59, wherein the bioac glass is sol-gel-derived. tive glass is an aqueous extract. US 7,250,174 B2 81 82 63. The composition of embodiment 59, wherein the per 85. A method of absorbing moisture comprising applying the Sonal care product is selected from the group consisting personal care composition of embodiment 83 to a source of diaper products, adult incontinence products, feminine of moisture. hygiene products, shampoo products, hair care products, 86. A hair care composition comprising bioactive glass and deodorant products, foot care products, baby care prod a hair care product, wherein the hair care composition ucts, Sunscreen products, body products, skin provides a mineral coating to the hair. care products, and nutritional Supplement products. 87. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the 64. A method of making a personal care composition com formulation of Example 11. prising combining bioactive glass, and a personal care 88. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the product. 10 formulation of Example 12A. 65. The method of embodiment 64, wherein the bioactive 89. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the glass is melt-derived. formulation of Example 13 A. 66. The method of embodiment 64, wherein the bioactive 90. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising Red 7 Ca glass is sol-gel-derived. Lake, Red 6 Ba Lake, Red 33 A1 Lake, castor oil, 67. The method of embodiment 64, wherein the bioactive 15 carnauba wax, candellila wax, oZokerite wax, microcrys glass is an aqueous extract. talline wax, jojoba oil, vitamin E, methyl paraben, propyl 68. The method of embodiment 64, wherein the personal paraben, and 45s bioactive glass. care product is selected from the group consisting of 91. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising Red 7 Ca diaper products, adult incontinence products, feminine Lake, Red 6 Ba Lake, Red 33 A1 Lake, castor oil, hygiene products, shampoo products, hair care products, carnauba wax, candellila wax, oZokerite wax, microcrys deodorant products, foot care products, baby care prod talline wax, jojoba oil, vitamin E, methyl paraben, propyl ucts, Sunscreen products, body cleanser products, skin paraben, 45s bioactive glass, and 58s bioactive glass. care products, and nutritional Supplement products. 92. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising jojoba 69. A non-irritating, stable personal care composition com glaze and bioactive glass, wherein the bioactive glass has 25 an average particle size less than about 5 microns. prising bioactive glass and a personal care product, 93. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising glycerin, wherein the pH of the composition is between about 8 and PemulenR TR-2, and bioactive glass, wherein the bioac about 12. tive glass has an average particle size less than about 5 70. A method of making a non-irritating, stable personal care microns. composition comprising combining bioactive glass and a 30 94. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising jojoba personal care product, wherein the pH of the composition glaze, brown iron oxide, titanium dioxide, talc, and Sol is between about 8 and about 12. gel-derived bioactive glass. 71. An odor-reducing personal care composition comprising 95. The composition of embodiment 27 comprising mineral bioactive glass and a personal care product. oil, Polawax R, glycerin, deionized water, jugular C-14S, 72. A method of reducing odor comprising applying the 35 phenobact, fragrance, citric acid monohydrate powder, personal care composition of embodiment 71 to a source and Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. of odor. 96. The composition of embodiment 27 in the formulation of 73. A UV-filtering personal care composition comprising Example 10C. bioactive glass and a personal care product. 97. The composition of embodiment 27, comprising 74. The UV-filtering personal care composition of embodi 40 crodafos CES, Volpo 10, Volpo 3, jojoba oil, cyclomethi ment 73, wherein the bioactive glass is sol-gel-derived. cone D5, deionized water, NaOH, TiO2, red iron oxide, 75. The personal care composition of embodiment 73, 50/50 Black/brown iron oxide blend, propylene glycol, wherein the personal care product comprises Sunscreen. jaguar 13S, germaben II, and 45s bioactive glass. 76. The personal care composition of embodiment 73 in the 98. The composition of embodiment 27, comprising formulation of Example 1. 45 crodafos CES, Volpo 10, Volpo 3, jojoba oil, cyclomethi 77. The personal care composition of embodiment 73 in the cone D5, deionized water, NaOH, TiO2, red iron oxide, formulation of Example 2. 50/50 Black/brown iron oxide blend, propylene glycol, 78. The personal care composition of embodiment 73 in the jaguar 13S, germaben II, and 58s bioactive glass. formulation of Example 3. 99. The method of embodiment 14 to make a formulation 50 comprising Red 7 Ca Lake, Red 6 Ba Lake, Red 33 A1 79. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin Lake, castor oil, carnauba wax, candellila wax, oZokerite comprising applying the personal care composition of wax, microcrystalline wax, jojoba oil, vitamin E, methyl embodiment 73 to the exposed skin. paraben, propyl paraben, and 45s bioactive glass. 80. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin comprising applying the personal care composition of 100. The method of embodiment 14 to make a composition 55 comprising Red 7 Ca Lake, Red 6 Ba Lake, Red 33 A1 embodiment 76 to the exposed skin. Lake, castor oil, carnauba wax, candellila wax, oZokerite 81. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin wax, microcrystalline wax, jojoba oil, vitamin E, methyl comprising applying the personal care composition of paraben, propyl paraben, 45s bioactive glass, and 58s embodiment 77 to the exposed skin. bioactive glass. 82. A method of blocking UV light from exposed skin 60 101. The method of embodiment 14 to make a composition comprising applying the personal care composition of comprising jojoba glaze and bioactive glass, wherein the embodiment 78 to the exposed skin. bioactive glass has an average particle size less than about 83. A moisture-absorbing personal care composition com 5 microns. prising bioactive glass and a personal care product. 102. The method of embodiment 14 to make a composition 84. The moisture-absorbing personal care composition of 65 comprising glycerin, Pemulen R TR-2, and bioactive embodiment 83, wherein the bioactive glass is sol-gel glass, wherein the bioactive glass has an average particle derived. size less than about 5 microns. US 7,250,174 B2 83 84 103. The method of embodiment 14 to make a composition 123. The composition of embodiment 59 comprising a comprising jojoba glaze, brown iron oxide, titanium diox deodorant cream and bioactive glass, wherein the bioac ide, talc, and sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. tive glass is between about 30% and about 60% by weight 104. The method of embodiment 34 to make a composition of the composition. comprising mineral oil, Polawax R, glycerin, deionized 5 124. A cleaning agent composition comprising bioactive water, jugular C-14S, phenobact, fragrance, citric acid glass and a cleaning agent. monohydrate powder, and Sol-gel-derived bioactive glass. 125. The composition of embodiment 124, wherein the 105. The method of embodiment 34 to make the formulation bioactive glass is melt-derived. of Example 10C. 126. The composition of embodiment 124, wherein the 106. The method of embodiment 34 to make a composition 10 bioactive glass is sol-gel-derived. comprising crodafos CES, Volpo 10, Volpo 3, jojoba oil, 127. The composition of embodiment 124, wherein the cyclomethicone D5, deionized water, NaOH, TiO2, red bioactive glass is an aqueous extract. iron oxide, 50/50 Black/brown iron oxide blend, propy lene glycol, jaguar 13S, germaben II, and 45s bioactive 128. The composition of embodiment 124, wherein the 15 cleaning agent is selected from the group consisting of: glass. laundry detergents, stain removers, fabric softening prod 107. The method of embodiment 34 to make a composition ucts, dish washing products, air fresheners, deodorizing comprising crodafos CES, Volpo 10, Volpo 3, jojoba oil, products, bathroom tissue, facial tissue, paper towel prod cyclomethicone D5, deionized water, NaOH, TiO2, red ucts, napkin products, cotton Swabs, handiwipes, scouring iron oxide, 50/50 Black/brown iron oxide blend, propy products, sponge products, oven cleaning products, toilet lene glycol, jaguar 13S, germaben II, and 58s bioactive cleaning products, tub and shower cleaning products, glass. carpet cleaning products, all purpose cleaning products, 108. The composition of embodiment 47 comprising jojoba jewelry products, and metal cleaning products. glaze, octyl methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3 and bio 129. A method of making a cleaning agent composition active glass. 25 comprising combining bioactive glass and a cleaning 109. The composition of embodiment 47 comprising jojoba agent. glaze, octyl methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3 and Sol 130. The method of embodiment 129, wherein the bioactive gel-derived bioactive glass. glass is melt-derived. 110. The composition of embodiment 73 comprising jojoba 131. The method of embodiment 129, wherein the bioactive glaze, octyl methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3 and bio 30 active glass. glass is sol-gel-derived. 111. The composition of embodiment 73 comprising jojoba 132. The method of embodiment 129, wherein the bioactive glaze, octyl methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3 and Sol glass is an aqueous extract. gel-derived bioactive glass. 133. The method of embodiment 129, wherein the cleaning agent is selected from the group consisting of laundry 112. The composition of embodiment 86 comprising stan 35 dopol ES, crosultaine C-50, foamid C. deionized water, detergents, stain removers, fabric softening products, dish jaguar C-14S, phenobact, fragrance, citric acid monhy washing products, air fresheners, deodorizing products, bathroom tissue, facial tissue, paper towel products, nap drate powder, and bioactive glass. kin products, cotton Swabs, handiwipes, scouring prod 113. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the ucts, sponge products, oven cleaning products, toilet formulation of Example 12D. 40 cleaning products, tub and shower cleaning products, 114. The composition of embodiment 86 comprising stan carpet cleaning products, all purpose cleaning products, dopol ES, crosultaine C-50, foamid C. deionized water, jewelry products, and metal cleaning products. phenobact, citric acid monhydrate powder, and bioactive glass. 134. A nutritional Supplement composition comprising bio 115. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the 45 active glass and a nutritional Supplement. formulation of Example 13B. 135. The composition of embodiment 134, wherein the 116. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the bioactive glass is melt-derived. formulation of Example 13C. 136. The composition of embodiment 134, wherein the 117. The hair care composition of embodiment 86 in the bioactive glass is sol-gel-derived. formulation of Example 13D. 50 137. The composition of embodiment 134, wherein the 118. The composition of embodiment 86 comprising steol bioactive glass is an aqueous extract. CS-230, crosultaine C-50, foamid C, deionized water, 138. The composition of embodiment 134 wherein the phenobact, citric acid monhydrate powder, and bioactive nutritional Supplement is selected from the group consist glass. ing of antacids, calcium Supplements, and silica Supple 119. The composition of embodiment 86 comprising steol 55 mentS. CS-230, crosultaine C-50, foamid C, deionized water, 139. The composition of embodiment 134, further compris phenobact, and bioactive glass. ing iodine. 120. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising jojoba 140. A method of making a nutritional Supplement compo oil, Lubrajel R. MS, pigment, and bioactive glass. 60 sition comprising combining bioactive glass and a nutri 121. The composition of embodiment 1 comprising Pola tional Supplement. wax, mineral oil, glycerin, Jaguar C14-S, citric acid, 141. The method of embodiment 140, wherein the bioactive Phenobact, colorant, fragrance, and bioactive glass. glass is melt-derived. 122. The composition of embodiment 59 comprising a 142. The method of embodiment 140, wherein the bioactive deodorant Stick and bioactive glass, wherein the bioactive 65 glass is sol-gel-derived. glass is between about 4% and about 10% by weight of 143. The method of embodiment 140, wherein the bioactive the composition. glass is an aqueous extract. US 7,250,174 B2 85 86 144. The method of embodiment 140, wherein the nutri 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially tional Supplement is selected from the group consisting anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises glycerin. of antacids, calcium Supplements, and silica Supple 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially mentS. anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises jojoba glaze and What is claimed is: talc. 1. A method for preserving cosmetic compositions com 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially prising admixing bioactive glass and a substantially anhy anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises Red 7 Ca Lake, drous cosmetic formulation, wherein said bioactive glass Red 6 Ba Lake, Red 33 A1 Lake, castor oil, carnauba wax, comprises from about 30% to about 96% silicon dioxide candellila wax, oZokerite wax, microcrystalline wax, jojoba (SiO), from about 4% to about 46% calcium oxide (CaO), 10 oil, Vitamin E, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, and wherein from about 1% to about 15% phosphorus oxide (POs) and the bioactive glass comprises 45s bioactive glass. up to about 35% sodium oxide (NaO), all by weight of said 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially bioactive glass, with the proviso that said bioactive glass anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises jojoba glaze, and does not comprise ions of silver, copper or Zinc, wherein said wherein the bioactive glass has an average particle size less bioactive glass comprises from about 0.05% to about 30% 15 than about 5 microns. by weight of said cosmetic composition, wherein said cos 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially metic formulation is selected from the group consisting of anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises glycerin, and lip products, face powder products, hair care products, wherein the bioactive glass has an average particle size less deodorant products and Soap products, and wherein said than about 5 microns. composition does not result in a significant skin sensitivity 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially response when applied. anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises jojoba glaze, 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive glass is brown iron oxide, titanium dioxide, talc, and wherein the melt-derived. bioactive glass is sol-gel derived. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive glass is 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially sol-gel derived. 25 anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises jojoba oil, glyc 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially eryl polymethacrylate clathrate and pigment. anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises vitamin E and 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially paraben. anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises emulsifying 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially wax, mineral oil, glycerin, citric acid, colorant and fra anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises talc. 30 grance. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially anhydrous cosmetic formulation comprises jojoba glaze.