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ÏN T UKMÀIHJN Iu ÜSEKS This Manuscript Has Been Reproduced ÏNt UKMÀIHJN iU ÜSEKS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and ohotoeraohs. orint bleedthroueh. substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6” x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMÎ University Microfilms Internationa! A Beil & Howell information Company 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 313.'761-4700 800.521-0600 Order Number 9401197 Late Mamluk patronage: Qansuh al-Ghurl’s w a q fan d h is foundations in Cairo Alhamzeh, Khéiled Ahmad. Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1993 UMI 300 N. ZeebRd.^^^^ Aiiii Aiboi, ivîî 48106 LATE MAMLUK PATRONAGE: QANSUH AL-GHURI’S WAQF AND HIS FOUNDATIONS IN CAIRO DISSERTATION Presented in Partial FnHilmenc of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Khaled Ahmad Alhamzeh, B.A., M.A. % * * * * The Ohio State University 1993 Dissertation Committee: I ^ Approj^d by ; i I Howard G. Crane i J/fOA/ _ Mathew Herb an III Adviser Timothy McNiven Department of History of Art To Sa'diyya Hamid For her unlimited support, kindness and encouragement 1 1 In the name of God, the Most Gracions, the Most Merciful ACKNOWLEDGMENTS All praise be to Almighty God for His favours upon me. Dr. Howard Crane, my adviser and chairman of my Doctoral Committee, fully guided, supported, and encouraged me throughout the research and during the graduate study as well. I express sincere appreciation to him for his advices and cherished friendship. His demands for excellency and perfection enriched my study. All his precious comments and criticism will remain effective for my future scholarly works. I extend gratitude to the committee members. I deeply appreciate the encouragement and support of Dr. Herban III throughout my entire doctoral program as well as this study; and Dr. Timothy McNiven and Dr. Stephen Dale for their valuable comments. A special appreciation goes to Dr. Christine Verzar and other faculty members for their encouragement throughout the program. To family and friends, I am particularly indebted to my father, father-in-law Ali Alkholy, my wife Inas and my brother Majed, Dr. Hussin Rizq, Ahmad al-Urqan whose help and on-going inspiration are highly appreciated. Thank you Noha, Nida and Nile for respecting your father’s time and work. 111 VTTA January 1 0 ,1 9 5 5 ............................................... Bom- Ramth, Jordan 1977.................................................................. B.A. Hei^an Universiy, Cairo 1984.................................................................... M.A. Helwan University, Cairo 1985-1987.......................................................... Instructor, Yarmonk University, Jordan FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: History of Art IV TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION....................................................................................... ü ACKNOWLEDGMENTS................................................................... iü VTTA..................................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES.............................................................................. v i CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION.................................................... 1 II. QANSUH AL-GHURI’S LIFE. CHARACTER AND PATRONAGE................................................ 34 III. THE WAQFIYYA OF THE GHURIYYA COMPLEX : Imroduction................................................ 73 The Introductoiy Protocol....................... 75 The Discriptioû of the Bthlding in al-Ghnri’s W aqfiyya .................................. 80 Properties and Lands Bequeathed to the W aqf ........................................................... 105 The Stip'oiations and Expenditures of the W aqf ........................................................... 143 The Conditions of the Waqf.................... 175 IV. CONCLUSION....................................................... 182 BIBLIOOIAPHY......................................................................... 201 APPENDIX....................................................................................... 208 Vi LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGE 1. Map of the Mamluk state in al-Ghüri’s reign .................. 208 . Sultan al-Ghûfï sitting on the mastaba and recieving the Venetian ambassador, 1512, painting, Louvre, reproduced in Schéfer 203........... 209 3. The first page of al-Ghün's waqfiyya as it appears in waqfiwa 882 ................................................. 210 4. Al-Qasaba al-‘Uzma or al-Mu'izz li Din Dlah Strea, Cairo, plan ........................................................... 211 5. The site of the Ghüriyya complex, plan. Revault, Maury and Zakariya 33 .................................................. 212 1. Maq‘d al-Ghürï. 3. Wakâlatan-Nakhlah. 2. Mausoleum. 4. Madrasa of al-Ghürï. 6. Bazaar of the Silk Mercers, painting, David Roberts. From an Antique Land 79............................... 213 7. The Ghüriyya complex, plan, Briggs 128 .................. 214 8. The main façade of the madrasa, Wizarat ai-Awqaf, Masajid Misr. pi. 145 ................................... 215 VII 9. The minaret of the madrasa after restoration, Wizarat ai-Awq âf, Masajid Misr. pi. 251 .................. 216 10. The minaret of the madrasa in its original form, painting, Avennes, Atlas, I, pi. XXIII. 217 11. The façade of the madrasa, detail ................................. 218 12. The portal of the madrasa ............................................... 219 13. The door of the madrasa................................................ 220 14. Intfior of the madrasa, facing east, Wizarat al-Awqaf, Masajid Misr. pi. 146 ..................... 221 15. One of the small iwans of the madrasa, Wizarat al-Awqif, Masajid Misr. pi. 148 ..................... 222 16. The main iwan of the madrasa, Wizarat al-Awqaf, Masajid Misr pi. 147 ...................................... 223 17. The mihrâb of the madrasa, Hautecœur and Wiet, pi. 210..................................................................... 224 18. The minbar of the madrasa, Hantecceur and Wiet, pi. 211..................................................................... 225 19. The eastern part of the Ghüriyya complex, plan, Kessler 263 ................................................................ 226 20. The eastern part of the Ghüriyya complex, Wizarat al-Awqaf, Masajid Misr. pi. 149 ..................... 227 21. The main façade the eastern part of the Ghüriyya complex....................................................... 228 22. The portal of the eastern part of the Ghüriyya complex, Hautecœur and Wiet, pi. 208 ......................... 229 VI!! 23. The Mausoieuin of al-Ghuri, interior, Wizarat al-Awqâf, Masajid Misr. pi. 150 ..................... 230 24. The mihrâb of the mausoleum, Hautecœur and Wiet, pi. 210...................................................................... 231 25. Chadelier of the mausoleum, Wizarat al-Awqâf, Masâjid Misr. pi. 233................................... 232 26. The ceiling of the khanqâh. restored, Wizârat al-Awqâf. Masâjid Misr. pl. 151.................. 333 27. The sabîl and kuttâb of the Ghüriyya complex. Revault, Maury and Zakariya, pi. XXIV-B ............. 234 28. The courtyard and Maq'ad of al-Ghürï, Revault, Maury and Zakariya 41 ................................ 235 1. Vestibule 4. Staircase leading to the 2. Gallery khanqâh. 3. Courtyard 5. Staircase leading to the maq'ad. 29. The facade of the maq'ad on the courtyard. Revault, Maury and Zakariya, pi. XXII ..................... 236 30. The Maq'ad of al-Ghürï, plan, Revault, Maury and Zakariya 43 ................................................ 237 10. Entrance 14. Staircase 11. Open area 15. The roof of the dependences 12. The main hall 16. Shaft for light and air 13. Dependences 31. The hall of the maq'ad. interior. Re vault, Maury and Zakariya, pi. XXIII-A ............. 238 i X 32. Wakalat al-Ghun, plan, the first story, Meinecke-Berg, Architecture of the Islamic Worid. ed. G. MicheU 229............................................ 239 33. Wakalat al-Ghürî, view to the east, Meinecke-Berg, Architecture of the Islamic Worid. ed. G. MicheU 229............................................ 240 NOTE ON TRANSLITERATION Arabic words appear in transliterated form in this text. I have followed convention nsed in the International Journal of Middle East Studies without any modifications. The reader
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