Manly Council 199 Report Environment State of 9— 2000
CONTENTS © Copyright Manly Council — 2000
Manly Council 1 Belgrave Street Manly NSW 2095. Telephone 99761500
This document is copyright. Reproduction of parts of it by non-profit community organisations in pursuit of the aims outlined in the document, or for private study, is permitted by the copyright holder provided the source is acknowledged. Otherwise, apart from fair dealing as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission.
Every effort has been made to trace the ownership of copyright material. Information that will enable the author to rectify any errors or omissions in subsequent additions will be welcomed. Should an infringement have occurred the publisher tenders its apologies. Contents LAND INTR PREAMBLE 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 Acknowledgements Community Consultation Structure oftheReport Guide tothe1999/2000 Verification oftheReport Period andLegalContextoftheReport Codes forResponsibilitie Acronyms UsedInThisReport Manly SustainabilityIndicators ODUCTION 1.5.1 Response 1.4.3 1.4.2 1.4.1 Pressure onOurLand 1.3.2 1.3.1 State ofOurLand Community Perceptions 1.1.1 Trends ataGlance 2000 SoECommunityWorkshop Council Staff Manly CouncilCommunityEnvironmentCommittee Scientific AdvisoryPanel State AgenciesandOtherOrganisations Contributions: 1.5.1.5 1.5.1.4 1.5.1.3 1.5.1.2 1.5.1.1 Planning Instruments,Policies and ManagementPlans 1.4.3.4 1.4.3.3 1.4.3.2 1.4.3.1 Land Degradation 1.4.2.4 1.4.2.3 1.4.2.2 1.4.2.1 Future UrbanDevelopment Urban Development 1.3.2.3 1.3.2.2 1.3.2.1 Landuse 1.3.1.3 1.3.1.2 1.3.1.1 Geodiversity Our Aim ...... Ocean BeachPlanofManagement Geographical InformationSystem Review ofStatePlanningLaw and theRoleofLand&EnvironmentCourt State EnvironmentalPlanning Policy No5 Development ControlPlan(DCP) fortheResidentialZone Chemical &PesticideUse Contaminated Sites Northside StorageTunne Soil Erosion St Patrick’sCollegeEstateDevelopment RTA DUAPSurplusGovernmentLandatSeaforth Older PeopleandwithaDisability(SEPP5) State EnvironmentalPlanningPolicyNo.5Housingfor Land &EnvironmentCourt Open Space Environmentally SensitiveAreas Urban Capabilites Soil Landscapes Geology Landform ...... Comprehensive ...... s— ...... Manly ConservationStrategyImplementationPriorities ...... SoE l— ...... Ground SettlementinManly ...... 14 10 viii viii viii 14 14 14 14 14 14 13 12 12 12 12 10 10 10 11 11 11 vi vi vi iv iv 7 7 7 7 5 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 v v v v v i CONTENTS 1.5.1.6 RTA DUAP Surplus Government Land at Seaforth—Planning Study ...... 15 1.5.1.7 On-site Sewage Management ...... 15 1.5.1.8 Environmental Planning and Assessment Act, 1979— Review of Part 3 Plan Making ...... 15 1.5.1.9 Landslip and Subsidence Policy ...... 15 1.5.2 Works on the Ground ...... 16 1.5.2.1 Remediation of Land Adjacent to Burnt Bridge Creek Deviation Kitchener Street, Balgowlah ...... 16 1.5.2.2 Slope Stabilisation at Peronne Avenue, Clontarf ...... 16 1.5.2.3 Underground Cabling—Bollingbroke Parade to Lauderdale Avenue, Esplanade Park, Fairlight ...... 16 1.5.2.4 Manly Oval—Future Development ...... 16 1.5.3 Funding ...... 17 1.5.3.1 Lagoon Park—Funding Approval ...... 17 1.5.3.2 Environment Levy Projects Relevant to this Chapter ...... 17 1.5.4 Committee Updates ...... 17 1.5.4.1 North Head Planning Advisory Committee ...... 17 1.5.5 Education Initiatives ...... 17 1.5.5.1 Manly Design Awards 1999 ...... 17 1.6 Recommendations for Management Plans ...... 17 1.7 Manly Conservation Strategy Implementation Progress 1999/2000 ...... 18
AQUATIC SYSTEMS 2.1 Trends at a Glance ...... 21 2.1.1 Our Aim 2.2 Community Perceptions ...... 22 2.3 State of our Aquatic Systems ...... 22 2.3.1 Rainfall ...... 22 2.3.1.1 Southern Oscillation Index ...... 22 2.3.2 Catchments ...... 22 2.3.2.1 Manly Lagoon ...... 23 2.3.2.2 Burnt Bridge Creek ...... 25 2.3.3 Recreational Water Quality in Manly LGA ...... 25 2.3.4 Coastal Environments ...... 24 2.3.4.1 Shorelines ...... 26 2.3.4.2 Intertidal Rock Platforms ...... 26 2.3.4.3 Cabbage Tree Bay ...... 27 2.3.4.4 North Harbour Aquatic Reserve ...... 27 2.3.4.5 Seagrasses ...... 27 2.3.4.6 Riparian Zone ...... 27 2.3.5 Water Consumption ...... 29 2.3.5.1 Water Consumption Across the LGA ...... 29 2.3.5.2 Ocean Beachfront Facilities Water Consumption Audit ...... 29 2.4 Pressure on our Aquatic Systems ...... 30 2.4.1 North Head Sewage Treatment Plant ...... 30 2.4.2 Northside Storage Tunnel ...... 31 2.4.3 Pollution Licences and Trade Waste Permits ...... 31 2.4.4 Sewer Overflows ...... 31 2.4.5 Urban Runoff and Stormwater ...... 32 2.4.5.1 End of Line Devices ...... 32 2.4.5.2 Warringah Mall Upgrade and Ardel Development—Manly Lagoon Catchment ...... 33 2.4.6 Pollution Complaints and Incident Reports ...... 34 2.4.7 Algal Blooms ...... 34 2.4.8 Boating Activities ...... 34 2.4.8.1 Expansion of Existing Boat Shed, Storage and Access Ramp— Manly 16’ Skiff Sailing Club and Manly Yacht Club ...... 35 2.4.9 Dams, Creek & Ground Water Extraction ...... 35 2.4.10 Flooding ...... 36 2.4.11 Beach Erosion / Shoreline Recession ...... 36 2.4.12 Rock Platform Biodiversity Loss ...... 36 2.4.13 Riparian Vegetation and Seagrass Loss ...... 36 2.4.14 Aquatic Weeds ...... 37 2.4.15 Potential Acid Sulphate Soils ...... 37 2.4.16 Oil Spills ...... 37 BIODIVERSITY 2.7 2.6 2.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 Manly ConservationStrategyImplementationProgress1999/2000 Recommendation forManagementPlan 2.5.9 2.5.8 2.5.7 2.5.6 2.5.5 2.5.4 2.5.3 2.5.2 2.5.1 Response tothesePressures 2.4.18 2.4.17 BallastWaterContamination 3.4.6 3.4.5 3.4.4 3.4.3 3.4.2 3.4.1 Pressures onourBiodiversity 3.3.3 3.3.2 3.3.1 State ofourBiodiversity Community Perceptions 3.1.1 Trends ataGlance 2.5.9.5 2.5.9.4 2.5.9.3 2.5.9.2 2.5.9.1 Education Initiatives 2.5.8.2 2.5.8.1 Committee Updates 2.5.7.2 2.5.7.1 Funding 2.5.6.4 2.5.6.3 2.5.6.2 2.5.6.1 Studies 2.5.5.6 2.5.5.5 2.5.5.4 2.5.5.3 2.5.5.2 2.5.5.1 Planning Instruments,PoliciesandManagementPlans 2.5.4.3 2.5.4.2 2.5.4.1 Memorandum ofUnderstandings Burnt BridgeCreekRestoration 2.5.2.5 2.5.2.4 2.5.2.3 2.5.2.2 2.5.2.1 On theGroundActivities Review ofWaterQualityMonitoringProgress Impacts ofClimateChange Introduced Animals Bushfire Introduced PlantInvasion Urban Runoff 3.4.2.1 Land Clearing Native AnimalRescureData Wildlife CorridorsandTreeCanopy Fauna 3.3.1.1 Flora Our Aim ...... AdaptiveEnvironmentAssessmentandManagerment ...... Manly LagoonWaterQualityMonitoringandRestorationProject Ocean CareDay Stormwater PollutionReductionProject EPA StormwaterGrantsforSeaforthOvalandManlyLagoo Threatened Species Environmental AuditProgramme Northern BeachesCommunityLandcareInc. Catchment ManagementCommittees Environment LevyProjects The CoastalProgramm Sedimentation inBurntBridgeCreek Pilot UrbanStreamAssessmentonBurntBridgeCreek Defence ScienceandTechnologyOrganisation(DSTO)SonarMapping Manly OceanBeachSeawallProtectionWorks Middle HarbourandNorthernBeachesStormwaterManagementPlans Rainwater TankPolicy Cabbage TreeBayDraftManagementPlan&SupportingDocument Sydney HarbourFederationTrustBill Draft EmergencyFloodingProceduresforManlyLagoon (AEAM) Model(MacquarieUniversity) Sydney Water Manly GolfClubandCouncil Manly LagoonJointEstuary/FloodplainManagementCommittee Shelly BeachSewagePumpStation Burnt BridgeCreekbySydneyWater Interim Infiltration/ExfiltrationProgrammeinAllambie/ManlyValeand Management PlanandManlyLagoonFloodplain Progress UpdateonImplementationofManlyLagoonEstuary Low FlowPipesLaunch Water ConservationProgramme Clearing ofCanopy Bush Restoration ...... e— ...... DLWC ...... n — ...... 50 49 39 60 56 56 55 49 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 47 47 47 46 46 46 46 45 45 45 44 44 44 43 43 43 43 42 42 41 41 40 40 40 39 39 39 39 37 61 61 60 60 60 60 60 59 57 57 56 55
CONTENTS 3.4.7 Companion Animals ...... 62 3.4.8 Problems Incurred—Companion Animals Legislation ...... 62 3.5 Response to these Pressures ...... 63 3.5.1 On the Ground Activities ...... 63 3.5.1.1 Burnt Bridge Creek Restoration ...... 63 3.5.1.2 Fox Baiting Programme ...... 63 3.5.2 Planning Instruments, Policies and Managment Plans ...... 63 3.5.2.1 Companion Animals Plan of Management ...... 63 3.5.2.2 Norfolk Island Pines on the Ocean Beach Front Manly—Plan of Managment ...... 63 3.5.2.3 Long Nosed Bandicoots Draft Recovery Plan ...... 64 3.5.2.4 Little Penguin Draft Recovery Plan ...... 64 3.5.3 Studies ...... 64 3.5.3.1 Street Tree Study ...... 64 3.5.3.2 Bushfire Risk in Manly ...... 64 3.5.4 Funding ...... 60 3.5.4.1 Harbour to Hawkesbury—Stage 2—$65,000 ...... 65 3.5.4.2 Stream Bank Stabilisation—Burnt Bridge Creek—$19,700 ...... 65 3.5.4.3 Arabanoo Lookout—$20,000...... 65 3.5.4.4 Environment Levy Projects Relevant to this Chapter ...... 65 3.5.5 Education Initiatives ...... 66 3.5.5.1 Noxious Weed Community Liason & Education Project ...... 66 3.5.5.2 Threatened Species ...... 66 3.5.5.3 Community Watchdog Project...... 66 3.6 Recommendation for Management Plan ...... 66 3.7 Manly Conservation Strategy Implementation Progress 1999/2000 ...... 67
AIR 4.1 Trends at a Glance ...... 69 4.1.1 Our Aim ...... 70 4.2 Community Perceptions ...... 70 4.3 State of our Atmosphere ...... 70 4.3.1 Air Pollution in Manly ...... 70 4.3.1.1 Regional Air Quality—the Regional Pollution Index ...... 70 4.3.1.2 Pollution Complaints ...... 70 4.3.2 Energy Consumption ...... 71 4.4 Pressure on our Atmosphere ...... 71 4.4.1 Global Issues ...... 71 4.4.1.1 Global Warming ...... 71 4.4.1.2 Ozone Depletion ...... 72 4.4.2 Regional Issues ...... 72 4.4.2.1 Potential Pollutants ...... 72 4.4.3 Transport ...... 73 4.4.3.1 Modes of Transport ...... 73 4.4.3.2 Public Transport ...... 73 4.4.3.3 Private Transport ...... 73 4.4.4 Odours...... 74 4.5 Response to These Pressures ...... 75 4.5.1 Greenhouse Challenge ...... 75 4.5.1.1 Award Success: Local Government Excellence in the Environment Awards & Metro Pride ...... 75 4.5.1.2 Cities for Climate Protection ...... 75 4.5.1.3 Energy Smart Business Programme ...... 75 4.5.1.4 Staff Education & the Australian Municipal Energy Improvement Facility (AMEIF) Green Energy Learning Programme Workshop ...... 76 4.5.1.5 The Green House Project for Schools ...... 76 4.5.1.6 Community Energy Education ...... 76 4.5.1.7 Green Power ...... 77 4.5.1.8 Alternative Fuels ...... 77 4.5.2 SHOROC—Park and Ride Project ...... 77 4.5.3 Manly Bicycle Planning ...... 77 4.6 Recommendations for Management Plan ...... 77 4.7 Manly Conservation Strategy Implementation Progress 1999/2000 ...... 78 NOISE WASTE 6.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 6.2 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.1 Recommendations forManagmentPlan Response tothesePressures 6.4.2 6.4.1 Pressures CausedbyNoiseontheEnvironment State ofourEnvironmentwithRegardtoNoise Community Perceptions 6.1.1 Trends ataglance Manly ConservationStrategyImplementationProgress1999/2000 Recommendations forManagementPlan 5.5.7 5.5.6 5.5.5 5.5.4 5.5.3 5.5.2 5.5.1 Response tothesePressures 5.4.4 5.4.3 5.4.2 5.4.1 Pressures onourWasteSystems 5.3.1 State ofourWasteSystems Community Perceptions 5.1.1 Trends ataGlance Sydney Flight-pathNoise 6.4.1.1 Special Events Our Aim Manly FoodCo-operative 5.5.6.2 5.5.6.1 Education Initiatives Environment LevyProjectsRelevanttothisChapter 5.5.4.1 Committe Updates 5.5.3.3 5.5.3.2 5.5.3.1 Planning Instruments,PoliciesandManagmentPlans 5.5.2.1 Awards 5.5.1.2 5.5.1.1 On theGroundActivities Littering andIllegalDumping 5.4.3.1 Special Events 5.4.2.1 Council WasteManagementServices 5.4.1.3 5.4.1.2 5.4.1.1 Major WasteStreams Waste DisposalSites/Landfill Our Aim One SummerEvent Composting Workshops Great TasteLessWasteattheManlyFoodandWineFestival Joint ServiceCommittee—KimbrikiWaste&RecyclingCentre Draft 3YearStrategicPlan2000-2003 Northern SydneyWasteBoard—RegionalPlan Waste Managemen Development ControlPlanforWasteMinimisationandManagement by aLocalGovernmentBody Waste Managemen Northern SydneyWasteBoar Mobile Dishwasher One SummerEvent Financial Considerations Hazardous WasteManagement Construction andDemolitionWaste Municipal Waste ...... t t— — ...... Green OrganicsStrategy Award forExcellenceinWasteMinimisation ...... d— ...... Post ConsumerKerbsideRecyclables ...... 90 90 90 89 89 89 86 85 83 81 80 80 79 90 90 90 89 85 85 85 86 85 84 84 84 84 84 84 84 83 84 83 83 83 82 82 82 82 82 82 81 81 80 79
CONTENTS ABORIGINAL AND NON-ABORIGINAL HERITAGE 7.1 Trends at a glance ...... 91 7.1.1 Our Aim ...... 91 7.2 Community Perceptions...... 92 7.3 Aboriginal Heritage ...... 92 7.3.1 State of our Aboriginal Heritage...... 92 7.3.1.1 Aboriginal Heritage ...... 92 7.3.1.2 Aboriginal Sites ...... 92 7.3.2 Pressures on our Aboriginal Heritage ...... 93 7.3.3 Response to these Pressures ...... 93 7.3.3.1 NAIDOC Week ...... 93 7.3.3.2 Regional Aboriginal Project ...... 93 7.4 Non-Aboriginal Heritage ...... 93 7.4.1 State of our Non-Aboriginal Heritage ...... 93 7.4.1.1 History of Manly ...... 93 7.4.1.2 Heritage Sites ...... 94 7.4.2 Pressure on our Non-Aboriginal Heritage...... 94 7.4.2.1 Quarantine Station—Conservation Management Plan and Tourist Development Proposal ...... 94 7.4.3 Response to these Pressures ...... 95 7.4.3.1 North Head National Estate Nomination ...... 95 7.4.3.2 Ocean Beach Plan of Managment ...... 95 7.4.3.3 Manly Local Environmental Plan Heritage Amendments ...... 95 7.4.3.4 Studies ...... 96 7.4.3.5 Funding ...... 86 7.4.3.6 Education 7.5 Recommentations for Management Plan ...... 97 7.6 Manly Conservation Strategy Implementation Progress 1999/00 ...... 98
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 8.1 Trends at a glance ...... 99 8.1.1 Our Aim ...... 100 8.2 Community Perceptions...... 100 8.3 State of our Social Environment ...... 100 8.3.1 Demographics (statistics from Census 1996)...... 100 8.3.2 Tourism...... 101 8.3.3 Manly Library ...... 101 8.3.4 Precinct Community Forums ...... 101 8.3.5 Volunteers ...... 103 8.3.6 Affordable Housing...... 103 8.4 Pressure on our Social Environment ...... 104 8.4.1 Crime...... 104 8.4.2 Visual Pollution ...... 104 8.4.3 Unemployment ...... 104 8.4.4 Tourism and Ecotourism...... 105 8.4.5 Special Events ...... 105 8.4.5.1 One Summer Event ...... 105 8.4.5.2 Olympic & Torch Relay Event ...... 105 8.5 Response to these Pressures ...... 106 8.5.1 Sydney 2000 Olympics ...... 106 8.5.2 Manly a Nuclear Free Zone...... 106 8.5.3 Planning Instruments, Policies and Managment Plans ...... 106 8.5.3.1 Manly Social Plan ...... 106 8.5.3.2 Northern Sydney Region Aboriginal Social Plan ...... 107 8.5.3.3 Northern Beaches Peninsular Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Social Plan ...... 107 8.5.3.4 Crime Prevention Plan 2000-2001 ...... 107 8.5.4 Funding ...... 107 8.5.4.1 Cultural Group Subsidies Allocation of 1999/2000 Grants ...... 107 8.5.5 Committee Updates ...... 108 8.5.5.1 Homelessness ...... 108 8.6 Recommentations for Managment Plan ...... 108 8.7 Manly Conservation Strategy Implementation Progress 1999/2000 ...... 109 APPENDIX MAN SUMMAR REFERENCES IMPLEMENT Flora inManlyLGA(asidentifiedbyCouncil) NSW NPWSManlyLocalGovernmentAreaFaunaList NSW NPWSManlyLocalGovernmentAreaFloraList Noxious WeedsList Staff ResourcesDedicatedtoEnvironmentalSustainability Community Participants—SoEWorkshop Aboriginal andNon-AboriginalHeritage,SocialEnvironment,Implementation Land, AquaticSystems,Biodiversity,Air,Waste,Noise, References 9.6 9.5 9.4 9.3 9.2 9.1 A GEMENT PLAN2001+BEY Manly ConservationStrategyImplementationProgress1999/2000 Recommendations forManagementPlan Environmental Levy 9.3.3 9.3.2 9.3.1 Manly ConservationStrategy 9.2.6 9.2.5 9.2.4 9.2.3 9.2.2 9.2.1 Manly EnvironmentCentre Our Aim Y OFRECOMMEND ...... A Environmental ManagmentSystem Ethical Standards Scientific AdvisoryPanel New SouthWalesCouncilonEnvironmentalEducation Beaches EnvironmentNetwork Stella MarisCommunityEco-Garden Environmental EncouragementAwards Stormwater ConferenceatWestonHotel Volunteers TION ...... A ...... TIONS FOR ...... OND ...... 133 128 127 126 125 124 121 119 118 114 112 111 111 113 113 112 112 112 111 111 111 111
CONTENTS
Preamble
MANLY National University, and are based 2. Represent something that can SUSTAINABILITY on the shared Council and be influenced by community or community vision statement: government INDICATORS 3. Be measurable, with the data “A thriving community where The Sustainability Indicators are a already available or easily residents and visitors enjoy a short, precise list of indicators that obtained clean, safe and unique natural can be easily measured to identify 4. Be compatible with the environment enhanced by Manly’s progress towards the goal Council and community vision heritage and lifestyle”. of sustainability. They determine statement whether Manly is moving away Indicators must meet a 5 point 5. Reflect the key objectives and from or towards sustainability. criteria check-list: strategies of the Management The indicators have been Plan and Manly Conservation 1. Be fundamental to long-term developed with the assistance of Strategy. economic, environmental or academics from Macquarie social health of the community University and the Australian
MANLY SUSTAINABLILTY INDICATORS
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Environment Total volume of waste sent to landfill 6,052.589 6,243.4 6,206.2 6,149.330 è (tonnes)
Volume of water consumption (kl) • total • 3,957,372 • 4,745,004 • 4,395,300 • 4,538,482 è • per capita • 112.15 • 130.84 • 115.99 • 119.04 ç
Number of water pollution incidents 96 131 189 - reported to NSW EPA and Council.
Area of open space per capita 143.3m2 121.2m 2 120.44m2 119.52m2 ç (population (population (population estimate) estimate) estimate)
Area classified as SEPP 19 26.11 26.11 26.11 26.11 - (Bushland in Urban Areas) (hectares)
Amount of Council staff resources 22.5 25.5 26.5 è (effective full time) dedicated to environmental sustainability (see Appendix)
Number of heritage listings • Aboriginal • 103 known • 112 known • 74 (different • 123 (different è sites sites methodology) methodology) • Cultural • 224 • 226 • 226 • 229 è PREAMBLE i MANLY SUSTAINABLILTY INDICATORS (CONT.)
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Total passengers using public transport: 1. Sydney Ferry service 1. 5,670,000 1. 5,941,710 1. 6,097,099 1. 5,888,913 1. ç (includes Jetcats) 2. Bus (Manly Warringah, 2. Statistics 2. 12 million 2. 12.7 million 2. 12,864,000 2. è Brookvale Depot Buses) not available
Average number of vehicles 1993: 88716 1996: 85,814 Data not 89,715 ç entering and leaving Manly per available day (see 4.0 Air)
Annual greenhouse gas emissions (energy equivalent CO2) tonnes • Corporate • 6344.8 • 10910.7 • 6620.8 Not yet è • Community • 146038.2 • 337353.9 • 158520.8 determined è
Economic 1. Population 1. 37, 885 1. 38,078 1. 38,316 1. 38,580 1.ç (estimate (estimate) (estimate) (estimate, 1997) based on 2. Age Structure 2. 2. average rate 2. - 0-10=3388 0-10=3808 of change of 10-19=3327 10-19=3400 0.69%) 20-29=6296 20-29=6205 30-39=5494 30-39=6382 40-49=4496 40-49=5009 50-59=3116 50-59=3670 60-69=3409 60-69=2762 70-79=2843 70-79=2737 80-84= 753 80-84= 866 85+ = 514 85+ = 644 3. Sex Structure 3. 3. 3. - 48.40% male 48.48% male 51.60% female 51.52% female
Percent of residents employed 64.85% (1991) 51.43% No new No new ç census data census data
Number of affordable housing 27 27 27 30 è
Relevant grants obtained by Environmental Environmental Environmental - Council and Council sponsored grants: grants: grants: organisations $329,303 $1,597,969 $432,488 Social grants: Social grants: Social- $837,936 165,678 economic Total: Total: Grants: $2,463,373 $1,763,647 $1,598,150 (no subsidies) Total grants (including subsidies) $3,654,566
ii MANLY SUSTAINABLILTY INDICATORS (CONT.)
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Social Number of crime incidents 3966 823 (Manly 4480 4521 ç CBD only)
Number of traffic incidents Manly/ 453 major 285 driving Cannot Davidson motor offences compare LAC: 109 vehicles* statistics Manly CBD: 49
Number of active volunteers 337 1072 1026 -
Usage rates of library (door count) 404,124 391,462 372,252 354,935 -
Average response time for emergency Statistic not Urgent: 10mins Statistic not - services (police, fire, lagoon available Priority: available openings) 33mins #
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability LAC Local Area Command kL kilolitres CBD Central Business District * Data parameters different to past year, hence cannot be compared. # Police data only available. Response times are commenced when the police officer acknowledges a job and is completed when they attend the job and call off at that location. Due to the constant use of the radio channel police can’t always call off when arriving at a location and do call off as soon as is possible. This may cause a delay in the actual response times reported. PREAMBLE iii ACRONYMS USED IN THIS REPORT AHD Australian Height Datum ANZECC Australian & New Zealand Environment & Conservation Council AWT Australian Water Technologies (Consultancy unit of Sydney Water) DLWC Department of Land and Water Conservation DUAP Department of Urban Affairs and Planning EPA Environment Protection Authority (NSW) EP&A Act Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 LEP Local Environmental Plan LGA Local Government Area LGSA Local Government and Shires Associations MEC Manly Environment Centre MHCMC Middle Harbour Catchment Management Committee MHL Manly Hydraulics Laboratory MOU Memorandum of Understanding NATA National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia NPWS National Parks and Wildlife Service (NSW) NSW EPA New South Wales Environment Protection Authority NSW NPWS New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service SCCG Sydney Coastal Councils Group SEDA Sustainable Energy Development Authority (NSW) SEPP State Environmental Planning Policy SHOROC Voluntary Regional Organisation of Councils (Pittwater, Warringah, Mosman and Manly) SNBCMC Sydney Northern Beaches Catchment Management Committee SoE State of the Environment Report STP Sewage Treatment Plant
CODES FOR RESPONSIBILITIES—MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PRIORITIES CCS Customer & Corporate Services Group, Finance & Governance Division CSP&D Community Services Planning & Development Group, Service, Planning & Commissioning Division PDE Planning, Design & Environment Group, Service, Planning & Commissioning Division AMC Asset Management & Contracts Administration Service, Planning & Commissioning Division LUM Land Use Management Group, Service, Delivery & Business Division CM Construction & Maintenance Group, Service, Delivery & Business Division WC Waste & Cleansing Group, Service, Delivery & Business Division ed Waste Education Officer (Waste & Cleansing Group) iv Introduction
PERIOD AND LEGAL sectors of the environment, and and the guidelines for SoE also identify those areas that will reporting produced by the NSW CONTEXT OF need attention in the future by Department of Local Government REPORT providing a sound, reliable basis (2000). Supported with the This is the seventh consecutive for better informed environmental assistance of indicators, it State of the Environment Report decision making at a local level. describes the current state of the (SoE) prepared by Manly Council This is assisted by the environment within the Manly and the Community for the recommendations for the Local Government Area, identifies Manly Local Government Area Management Plan identified pressures on this environment, (LGA), covering the period of 1st throughout this report as and documents responses—or July 1999 to 30th June 2000. generated from the review of actions—of Council, the trends and community community and other agencies This SoE has been prepared as a consultation. operating within the LGA, to comprehensive document under protect and enhance the Manly the terms of Section 428(c) of the Please note as the next census is local environment as one of the Local Government Act 1993, and due in 2001, this report is reliant most diverse environments in the the Local Government (General) upon the 1996 Australian Bureau Sydney Region. Regulation 1993. of Statistics Census information, and respective estimates based This model does have some upon this data. limitations, as distinctions cannot VERIFICATION OF always be made between pressures, states and responses. THE REPORT STRUCTURE OF In addition, the model does not This report has been reviewed adequately allow for ecological by the Manly Council Community REPORT responses or the consequences of Environment Committee to The report has been based upon society’s failure to respond. ensure all local issues pertaining the environmental sectors of land, to the Manly environment have aquatic systems, biodiversity, air, To further enhance the SoE as a been identified and reported waste, noise, Aboriginal and non- monitoring tool, the accurately, and by the Scientific Aboriginal heritage and the social implementation progress of the Advisory Panel to ensure the environment. The Manly Manly Conservation Strategy is report is scientifically sound. Conservation Strategy identified a reported at the end of the relevant need for introducing an additional environmental sector chapters. sector of the social environment in The major programmes identified GUIDE TO THE response to the parameters of for 2000/01 have also been included in Council’s Corporate 1999/2000 sustainability: natural environment + economic Plan. COMPREHENSIVE environment + social environment SOE = local sustainable development. The aim of this SoE is to provide These sectors form the main COMMUNITY accurate and recent information chapters of the document. CONSULTATION for Council, the Community and Each chapter initially presents a The Local Government Act 1993 other government agencies on ‘snap shot’ of indicator trends requires councils to involve the the state of the Manly referred to as trends at a glance. community, including environment and environmental The community consultation environmental groups, in the management responses taken in results are then briefly reported preparation of the SoE. The Manly relevant to the reporting under Community Perceptions. community are well placed to ODUCTION period. provide information on their The State–Pressure–Response Comparing SoE reports from year environment, as they interact (SPR) format is used to describe to year enables Council to gauge with their environment on a daily each Chapter in accordance with basis. improvements in different the Local Government Act 1993 INTR v Manly’s Precinct Community m restoration of habitat for the Manly Council Community Forums, Sub Committees of endangered Long-nosed Environment Committee: Council, community members, Bandicoot population has been Keelah Lam community groups and relevant undertaken at Shelly Beach state agencies were invited to Headland Council staff: attend a workshop or forward a m significant implementation of Jim Hunter, Jeff Thompson, Skye submission to assist with the Council’s two Stormwater Addison, Jennie Minifie, Christie preparation of this report. Reports Management Plans has Watson, Melinda Ierace, Warrick generated from the information occurred Hay, Ted Pirola, Intan Abdul Aziz, collected have been included in m a review of the Residential George Tsprounis, Michael the respective chapters under the Development Control Plan has Biddulph, Renee Ezzy, Fiona Community Perceptions sub- been initiated with a focus on Campbell, Beth Lawson, Gareth heading. sustainability Curtis, Terry Jones, Richard m the Draft Waste (Demolition) Remmer, Pam Bateman, James Highlights of 1999/2000— Development Control Plan was Rennie, Steve Grieve, Melanie significant Council initiatives for exhibited Hamilton, Ajantha Premaratne, the environment Joanne Scarsbrick, Michele m substantial grant funds have Major achievements for Council in been successfully applied for Poepjes, Kate Everett, Ruth Holten, Carol Yuen, Jon Morgan, this reporting period include: to match Environmental Levy Judy Reizes, Rick Lewis, Julie Funding. m Council received two awards Eaton, Michelle Greenfield, for the Manly Greenhouse Danielle Maestri, Barbara Todes Challenge Programme—The ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and Chris Parsons. Excellence in the Environment This report was prepared by Layout: Fiona Campbell. LGSA Awards for 1998/99— Manly Council’s Planning, Design Greenhouse Category, and the and Environment Group under the Maps prepared by Renee Ezzy. Metro Pride Energy Efficiency direction of Council’s ESD Planner, Highly Commended Award Skye Addison, with contributions Illustration: Michael Biddulph. m significant savings have been and assistance from many other made since the benchmark Council Officers, State Agency Photography year of 1997/8 (two years) on Officers, Community Groups and Front cover: Aerial: David the Manly Greenhouse representatives, and the Scientific Messent; Underwater: Phil Lane. Challenge Programme Advisory Panel. ($80,000) and the Water Chapter banners: Mark Conservation Programme Donaldson Photography + Fiona ($50,000) Contributions: Campbell + Warrick Hay. m the Draft Cabbage Tree Bay State Agencies & Other General: Chris Parsons, James Plan of Management was Organisations: Rennie, Julie Eaton, Innocenza prepared and exhibited. State Transit Authority, NSW Toritto, Mark Donaldson m a Poll of Electors in Manly Bureau of Crime Statistics and Photography, Northern Beaches resulted in 63 per cent of Research, Manly Police, DLWC, Weekender. voters responding to AGL, NSW Fisheries, EPA, RTA, continuing the Environment Bureau of Meteorology, Energy 2000 SoE Community Levy indefinitely Australia, NPWS, Waterways Workshop m Council has initiated an Authority, Sydney Ports Carole Douglas, Clr Dr Judy Environmental Management Corporation, Sydney Ferries, Lambert, Clr Barbara Aird, Irene System for all Council services Sydney Water, Sydney Northern Williams, Peg Ibbotson, Margaret m the mobile dishwasher was Beaches Surf Life Saving Branch, Morbell, C.Campbell, Dr Peter successfully used at the Manly Manly Food Coop. Mitchell, Di Mitchell, Robyn Hay, Wine and Food Festival, with G. Bird, Dr Jan Ritchie, Tim the introduction of a $2 refund Scientific Advisory Panel: Evans, Richard Hewitt, Bev on plates Dr Peter Mitchell, David Rissik, Dr Cowan, Keelah Lam, Judy Reizes, m significant progress on Tony Fischer-Cripps, Seanna Skye Addison. restoration and regeneration McCune. of native vegetation has been undertaken at Burnt Bridge Creek
vi Land “...the range of earth features including geological, geomorphological, palaeontological, soil, hydrological and atmospheric features, systems and earth processes”.
xtensive clearing of native vegetation and poor land E management practices have resulted in vegetation loss and land degradation. This has been exacerbated by the introduction of exotic plants and animals. Increased urban development has resulted in soil erosion, sedimentation of aquatic systems, weed growth, pollution and waste production.
1.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Total area of Open Space 461.5ha 461.5ha 461.5ha 461.5ha -
Per capita area of Open Space 143.3m2 121.2m2 120.44m2 119.52m2 (population (population (population estimate) estimate) estimate) ç
Residential density (population per area of land within residential zoning) 145.31m2 144.57m2 143.67m2 142.69m2 ç (population (population (population estimate) estimate) estimate)
Land Use Applications Approved 1225 1082 1010 1079 -
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away form sustainability
1.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m to ensure that development integrates the principles of ESD and TCM, and is compatible with identified landuse constraints m to prevent, control and manage all forms of land degradation and to restore currently degraded land m to minimise the risk of environmental damage by chemicals and waste products emanating from human activities m to maintain an accessible and healthy open space system that provides passive and active recreational opportunities to the community over a range of ecosystems, and that maintains the integrity of the environment. LAND 1 1.2 COMMUNITY 1.3 STATE OF A barrier lagoon estuary has PERCEPTIONS OUR LAND formed at the northern end of Queenscliff Beach. This is a Responses received at the 2000 Manly LGA is in the County of shallow lagoon formed at the SoE Community Workshop Cumberland, Parish of Manly head of a drowned bedrock indicated an overall high level of Cove, and is bounded by Mosman embayment behind a coastal concern regarding ‘over Council to the south and barrier or sandspit. Prior to development’ of the Manly LGA. Warringah Council to the north. human impact, it had an Major issues of concern included The Manly Council LGA includes ephemeral entrance that was the development of St Patrick’s the suburbs of Manly, Fairlight, breached only when lagoon levels College Estate, the amount of Balgowlah, Balgowlah Heights, rose with heavy rains, or the sand multi-storey and unit Clontarf and Seaforth. spit destroyed by heavy seas. development in the CBD, the This would have normally closed decreased amount of open space, again within weeks. Except for the increase of impervious paving 1.3.1 Geodiversity the entrance tunnel, the lagoon is and hard surfaces, contaminated virtually non-tidal and often sites in Manly, and the Land & 1.3.1.1 Landform brackish for long periods of time. Environment Court’s tendency to Manly is located at the southern The entrance tunnel consists of override Council—and end of the Manly—Warringah ‘low flow pipes’, constructed to Community—decisions. peninsula of the Northern allow free flow of water between Beaches, immediately to the Manly Lagoon and the ocean. In Highlights of Manly’s land north-west of the entrance to the past, these pipes systems noted by the workshop Sydney Harbour. The area is unfortunately blocked with sand included the improvements of the 16.57km2 and has a boundary due to deposition. However, the Ocean Beachfront and The Corso 39.4km long, of which 29.9km is a completion of the ‘low flow pipes’ and past Councils’ support for the water margin. No part of Manly is extension project has alleviated conservation of the St Patrick’s more than 1km from either the this problem. College Estate. Harbour or ocean (Manly Council Foredunes at the ocean beach Recommendations of the 1997/8). have been flattened for the Workshop for land systems The topography of Manly (refer to development of parks and included the importance of taking Map L1, page 3) is characterised housing, with a seawall ‘notice’ of Community Precinct by a high ridge running east-west constructed the length of the Forums’ considerations, the need along Balgowlah Heights with beach. During periods of violent for compliance of building sites, steep south facing slopes above storms, beach sand is normally and the need to curb further high- North Harbour and more transported offshore by wave rise and unit developments. moderate slopes to the North. The action. With no foredune store of area plateaus to the west of sand available to buffer the effect Balgowlah Heights and Seaforth of the waves, sand continues to with a very steep escarpment be eroded from the beach. Sea dropping to the Middle Harbour walls generate wash turbulence shoreline. The general relief of the rather than dissipate wave area ranges from sea level to the energy. As a consequence, waves highest point located at Bantry erode deeper into the beach Reserve, a level of 121.1m AHD profile. During periods of less (Manly Council 1997/8). intense wave activity, some reforming of the beach takes To the north, the area is bounded place. for the most part by Burnt Bridge Creek, running from the 1.3.1.2 Geology northwest end of Seaforth to Manly Lagoon. The Manly town The Manly LGA forms part of the centre is located on a narrow Hornsby Plateau, a structural unit isthmus of sand, separating the of the Sydney Basin (refer to Map waters of North Harbour from the L2, page 4). Pacific Ocean. The isthmus The major geological formations connects the mainland to the in the area are middle Triassic northern headland of Sydney Hawkesbury Sandstone, overlying Harbour, creating a tied-island the Newport Formation of the known as a tombolo. Narrabeen Group. This is clearly identified at North Head where
2 Manly Lagoon
MANLYMANLY
South Pacific SEAFORTHSEAFORTH BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH FAIRLIGHTFAIRLIGHT Ocean
Manly Beach
Manly Cove MANLYMANLY BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH Middle Harbour HEIGHTSHEIGHTS CLONTARFCLONTARF CLONTARFCLONTARF North Harbour •
Grotto Pt *Tied Island known as a North ‘tombola’'tomola' Head
N LEGEND: Contour line (2m interval)
Contour line (10m interval)
SOURCE: Surveyor Generals Department 1998 MAP L1 SCALE:
NTS TOPOGRAPHY PLAN LAND 3 N LEGEND: ABBREVIATIONS:
Rh Rh Hawkesbury sandstone Dyke (Wianamatta Group) Rnn Rnn Garie Formation (Narrabeen Group) Qpd Qpd Med to fine grained marine Qhb sand with podsols Qhb Coarse quartz sand Qha Qha Silty to peaty sand, silt and clay Qhf Qhf Med to fine marine sand
SOURCE: Herbert, 1980
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP L2 SCALE: NTS GEOLOGY PLAN 4 the lower half of the seaward Soils Landscapes of the Manly LGA facing cliffs are composed of the (source: Chapman and Murphy (1989) - refer Map L3, page 6) Newport Formation, with Groupings & Names Description Hawkesbury Sandstone forming Marine the upper blocky cliffs. A shale na: Narrabeen Landscape beaches and coastal foredunes on marine sequence marks the top of the (eg. ocean sands. Extreme wind and wave erosion hazard. Non Newport Formation. The beaches) cohesive, very low soil fertility, high soil permeability. Vegetation: spinifex grassland to closed scrub on Hawkesbury Sandstone is foredunes. Calcareous and siliceous sands. characterised by medium to coarse-grained quartz sandstone, ww: Woy Woy Level to gently undulating non-tidal beach ridges on very minor shale and laminite (eg. under The marine sands. Permanently high water tables, localised lenses. The Newport formation is Corso) flooding, periodic water logging in depressions. Very low characterised by interbedded to low soil fertility, localised areas of high erosion hazard. laminite, shale and quartz, to Siliceous sands and podzols. lithic-quartz sandstone. Aeolian nh: North Head Elevated gently, undulating dune fields of wind blown Aeolian sand deposits occur on (eg. deposit on sands or coastal headlands. Heath land and scrub with the top of North Head, and are North Head) occasional woodland. Extreme wind erosion hazard, high transgressive in nature. These water erosion hazard. Podzols. deposits, or dunes, should be considered an important heritage Swamp item. An igneous basaltic dyke of wa: Warriewood Level to gently undulating swales, depressions and infilled lagoons on Quaternary sands. Localised flooding Jurassic Age running in an east- (eg. Manly Lagoon and run on, high water tables, highly permeable soil. south-easterly direction occurs and floodplain) Siliceous sands. on the south-western side of North Head (inner North Head). Colluvial wn: Watagan Rolling to very steep hills on fine grained Narrabeen The low lying areas of the Manly (eg. east side of Group sediments. Tall open forest with closed forest in Lagoon floodplain are North Head) sheltered positions. Mass movement hazard, steep characterised by silty quartz sand, slopes, severe soil erosion hazard, occasional rock silt and clay, with common shell outcrop. Yellow podzolics. layers through deposition of ha: Hawkesbury Rugged rolling to very steep hills on Hawkesbury marine and estuarine sediments in (eg. along cliff line Sandstone. Mostly un-cleared open woodland and tall the lower catchment and erosion of Middle Harbour) open forest. Extreme soil erosion hazard, mass processes in the upper catchment. movement (rock fall) hazard, steep slopes, rock outcrop, The ocean beach is characterised shallow, highly permeable soils, low soil fertility. by medium quartz sand with Siliceous sands, earthy sands and yellow podzolics. varying amounts of shell Erosional fragments, with the dune system gy: Gymea Undulating to rolling rises to low hills on Hawkesbury (now heavily urbanised) of fine (eg. area Sandstone. Extensively cleared open-forest and quartz sand. surrounding Spring woodland. Localised steep slopes, high soil erosion Cove) hazard, rock outcrop, shallow highly permeable soil, very 1.3.1.3 Soil Landscapes low soil fertility. Yellow earth, siliceous sands and yellow podzolics. The soil landscapes of the Manly LGA can be considered diverse in la: Lambert Undulating to rolling low hills on Hawkesbury Sandstone. comparison to other LGAs in the (eg. Balgowlah Open and closed heathland, scrub and occasional low Sydney metropolitan area, with Heights) open woodland. Very high soil erosion hazard, rock outcrop, seasonally perched water tables, shallow, highly nine different landscapes permeable soil, very low soil fertility. Earthy sands. identified. Included within these classifications, the North Head Residual soil landscape can be considered so: Somersby Gently undulating to rolling rises on deeply weathered unique to the deposit on North (eg. Seaforth oval) Hawkesbury Sandstone plateau. Extensively cleared, Head, with limited distribution low open-woodland and scrubland. Localised elsewhere. The adjacent table and permanently high water tables, areas of laterite and stony soil, very low soil fertility, highly permeable soil. Map L3 (see page 6) outlines the Red and yellow earths. soil landscapes of the Manly LGA—please note that the map Disturbed was developed at 1:100,000 scale xx: Disturbed Completely disturbed by human activity. Land fill and hence should be considered terrain (eg. includes soil, rock, building and waste materials. Original indicative only. North Head vegetation completely cleared replaced with turf or STP) grassland. LAND 5 MANLYMANLY MANLYMANLY South BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH Pacific Ocean SEAFORTHSEAFORTH
FAIRLIGHTFAIRLIGHT
Manly Cove MANLYMANLY Middle BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH Harbour HEIGHTSHEIGHTS North Harbour CLONTARFCLONTARF
Grotto Pt
North Head
N LEGEND: ABBREVIATIONS: la na (marine) Narrabeen na nh (aeolian) North Head nh ww (marine) Woy Woy ww xx (disturbed) Disturbed terrain xx wn (colluvial) Watagan wn gy (erosional) Gymea gy la (erosional) Lambert wa wa (swamp) Warriewood ha ha (colluvial) Hawkesbury so (residual) Somersby so
SOURCE: Chapman & Murphy, 1989
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP L3 SCALE: NTS SOIL LANDSCAPES 6 1.3.2 Land use Land use zonings in Manly LGA (hectares) Manly has a rich and diverse character of residential, business, industrial and natural landscapes. The area is well known for its natural environment, with areas such as Sydney Harbour, North Head, harbour foreshores and frontage to the Pacific Ocean being recognised as important and sensitive environments. Both the natural and developed land uses contribute to making Manly an attractive place for permanent For further description of 1.3.2.3 Open Space residents and visitors alike. atmospheric and hydrological Open space areas are important processes, please see the for leisure and recreation as well 1.3.2.1 Urban Capability chapters on Air and Aquatic as for the conservation of natural Urban capability, as described by Systems respectively. ecosystems and communities. Chapman and Murphy (1989), is Manly has 461.5ha of parks, the ability of a parcel of land to 1.3.2.2 Environmentally reserves and open space, support a particular intensity of Sensitive Areas representing 28% of the total urban development without The LEP identifies area —1657ha (refer to Map L5, serious erosion and sedimentation Environmentally Sensitive Areas page 9). In 1999/2000 there was occurring during construction, as 2 (ESA) of the LGA. This area has an estimated 119.52m open well as possible instability and been compiled using information space per person (population drainage problems in the long from a variety of Council studies change is estimated). term. However, this does not and State Environmental Planning mean that proper pollution Manly was established as a Instruments. The ESA identifies prevention measures should not holiday destination and still offers those areas within which be maintained. residents and visitors many development cannot qualify as opportunities for recreation, Complying. Many areas in Manly that are including areas of public open classified as ‘not capable of urban It is important to note that the space, natural features and development’ by this system have ESA has been identified purely for numerous Council facilities already been extensively the purpose of Complying available for their responsible urbanised. Soil and landscape development and has no effect on enjoyment. limitations have caused major any other provisions of Council’s continuing problems such as Key features are: DCPs, the LEP or any State flooding, cracking of roads and Environmental Planning Policies. buildings, sedimentation of m over 20 beaches (includes In particular it is important to streams and blocked drains. ocean and harbour beaches) note that SEPP 5 housing could m harbour, ocean and lagoon still be developed within the m 47 bushland reserves Manly ESA. (refer to Map L4, page 8). m National Parks at North Head, Dobroyd and Bantry Bay Urban development capability related to soil m Many parks and ovals characteristics (Chapman and Murphy, 1989): m Olympic size outdoor Urban Development Capability Soil Type swimming pool m Manly Scenic Walkway High Capability for urban development Somersby m volunteer bush regeneration in Council bushland reserves and Low to Medium Capability for urban development Lambert in Sydney Harbour National Gymea Park North Head Woy Woy m cycleway network Warriewood m skateboarding facility m tennis courts Not capable for urban development Watagan m many privately owned Narrabeen facilities for public use. Hawkesbury LAND 7 South Pacific Ocean
Manly Beach
Manly Cove
Middle Harbour
North Harbour
Grotto Pt
N
SOURCE: Manly Council LEP Amend. No. 34
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP L4 SCALE: ENVIRONMENTALLY NTS SENSITIVE AREA 8 MANLYMANLY
South Pacific Ocean BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH SEAFORTHSEAFORTH
FAIRLIGHTFAIRLIGHT
Manly Cove MANLYMANLY BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH Middle HEIGHTSHEIGHTS Harbour HEIGHTSHEIGHTS
CLONTARFCLONTARF North CLONTARFCLONTARF Harbour
Grotto Pt
North Head
N
LEGEND: NationalRegion Parks Land
OpenRegion Space zoning
OtherRegion zone areas
SOURCE: Manly Council: Local Environment Plan 1988 (as amended)
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP L5
SCALE: OPEN SPACE +
NTS NATIONAL PARK AREAS LAND 9 Council’s Parks and Reserves 1.4 PRESSURES 1.4.2 Future Urban bookings reflect the high usage ON OUR LAND Development rates of Manly’s reserves. Council’s ovals are allocated year- 1.4.2.1 Land & round by the Manly Warringah 1.4.1 Urban Environment Court Sporting Union for many sports Development There are concerns regarding the including soccer, football and There are around 16,389 way in which the Land & cricket. Ovals are also used by households (ABS Census 1996) Environment Court operates, school sporting activities and and approximately 16,500 rate having considerable impact upon carnivals. paying properties in the Manly the local natural, social and built Council’s reserves—Clontarf, LGA. environments. Concerns include Lagoon Reserve, Little Manly the practice of applicants Point, Ivanhoe Park and Shelly The amount of land available for submitting amended plans often Beach - are popular for wedding development within the Manly considerably different to those ceremonies, family barbecues and area is virtually static, except for considered by Council for the gatherings, corporate and private the proposed development of St Court’s consideration which the functions (often erecting a Patrick’s College Estate and the Council has not had the marquee). Roads and Traffic Authority land opportunity to examine or assess. in Seaforth. The majority of development applications In many cases if these plans had presented to Council are for re- been submitted to Council they development. A key role for Manly would have addressed many, if Council is to ensure responsible not all, the concerns pertaining to and appropriate decisions are the appeal and enabled Council to made to control the use of land in have granted a consent rather line with the Manly LEP and DCPs than a refusal. and in a manner consistent with land capability and community Many Commissioners do not have aspirations. the expertise in relevant fields to adequately assess a particular The graph below indicates the application. Further, there is no number of development and review of the Court’s decisions, to building applications approved by assess the outcome of their Council for the past six reporting decision in situ. periods, and reflects a steady increase in development Council has supported the Local applications, with a decline in Government Association in calling building applications and for a review of the functioning of construction certificates. Note the Land and Environment Court. that the above graph is indicative only—a single development application may refer to several dwellings, and that with the amended EP&A Act, Construction Certificates are included and Building Applications excluded.
Land use applications approved in Manly LGA
10 1.4.2.2 State There is also concern regarding 1.4.2.4 St Patrick’s Environmental the inability of councils to ensure College Estate Planning Policy No. that developments are occupied Development 5 Housing For by people aged 55 and over, or This development refers to the Older People and people with a disability. 1997 lodgement of eight People with a development applications to Disability (SEPP 5) The Policy does not allow develop part of the St Patrick’s SEPP 5 was introduced in 1982 to Councils to levy S94 contributions. College Estate by Lend Lease provide a wider range of non- The direction was introduced to Development Pty. Ltd. on behalf of institutionalised housing for older encourage this form of the Trustee of the Archdiocese of people than was available at that development, and to protect the Roman Catholic Church. time. It permitted large-scale developments which provided Council was adamant that the development on sites which services and facilities on site from development should not occur on would not otherwise have been further contributions (S94 applies a ‘piece-meal’ basis but within a developed for residential housing only to contributions for coherent and comprehensive without first requiring rezoning, provisions of capital facilities— framework which recognises the where the development creates such as schools and hospitals. significance of the Estate as part extra demand for facilities or of our National Heritage. For this The Policy was amended in services). As the Policy no longer reason, Council resolved to February 1998. This removed the requires developments to include prepare a Local Environment Plan requirement for support services on site services and facilities, (LEP) for the area. to be provided for smaller scale councils maintain that SEPP 5 developments and also extended developments will generate Manly Council continues to the Policy to land in the foreshore demand on council’s facilities and pursue an agreement from the scenic protection area, where that services. Heritage Council of New South land was zoned residential and Wales and DUAP to exhibit its draft Local Environmental Plan to permitted 2 storey development, 1.4.2.3 RTA DUAP Surplus replace the redundant zonings on or adjoined such land. Government Land the St Patrick’s College Estate. at Seaforth In the Manly LGA the Policy The land is currently zoned applies to all of the foreshore The Roads & Traffic Authority and Special Uses Seminary, Special scenic protection areas which Department of Urban Affairs & Uses Church Purposes and part were previously exempted, and Planning are instructed to dispose Residential. Council has been permits SEPP 5 development on of 116 residential lots at Seaforth seeking approval to exhibit a draft all special uses zones including on the abandoned Warringah LEP to zone the land for heritage northern part of St Patrick’s Transport Corridor. conservation, heritage landscape Estate, including Shelly Beach conservation and residential for The land near Pickering Point has three years. The existing Headland and the former School high habitat values on the eastern Conservation Management Plan of Artillery site. side of Clavering Road, and requires revision as requested by The amended SEPP 5 controls access and hydrology issues as the Heritage Council of New permit development of housing well as bushland and natural South Wales. features such as rock shelves. for older people in circumstances DUAP will not proceed with the Please refer to Response section which would normally require a exhibition of a draft Local for studies. full heritage and environmental Environmental Plan until a revised assessment, and preparation of Conservation Plan has been specific development controls or a considered and adopted by the residential strategy; or a Heritage Council of New South rezoning. Wales.
Councils are concerned that the Council is concerned that during SEPP operates as a back door the long delay the amendment of SEPP No 5 has applied this type of medium density policy which development to all areas of the overrides local controls permitting Estate including the entire inappropriate development and northern estate, and including the are a means of expanding the most visually and environmentally urban boundaries without the most sensitive undeveloped areas necessary studies. of the Estate to the east of Moran Photography: St Patrick’s House, and Shelly Beach Estate 1999, Innocenza Headland. Council continues to Toritto Collection: Manly pursue a satisfactory resolution of the planning issues.
Art Gallery & Museum LAND 11 1.4.3 Land The Report, prepared by Coffey These sites include: Degradation Partners International Pty. Ltd, concluded that tunnelling induced North Head Sewage Treatment Plant 1.4.3.1 Soil Erosion settlement had not resulted in damage to structures at Manly Land clearing in Manly has been Disused Gasworks Site at Manly and that it is unlikely to do so. undertaken for urban, commercial, Point (whilst the site is classified This is provided tunnel inflows and some industrial development, as remediated, it requires ongoing are controlled by grouting to less with the majority of this clearing management, including than 20 litres per second. It occurring in the past 50 years groundwater collection systems recommended that the settlement with the development of the which discharge to trade water. In monitoring programme be suburbs of Clontarf, Balgowlah addition, Sydney Water’s continued at intervals not less Heights and Seaforth. Northside Tunnel excavations than fortnightly until it is present a risk to the integrity of demonstrated that the settlement Today, the loss of soil in Manly is this site (see Aquatic Systems effects due to tunnelling have primarily from exposed areas, chapter)). such as building sites and stabilised. disturbed bushland. When it rains Car repair/service stations (lead on a building site, damage occurs 1.4.3.3 Contaminated and hydrocarbon contamination of both on and off-site, with Sites soil and groundwater are the stormwater run-off flowing into Contaminated Land is defined in primary concerns where creeks and rivers, polluting them the Environmental Planning and petroleum compounds have been with sediment. This sediment fills Assessment Amendment stored, especially from leaking up mud flats and creeks, leading (Contaminated Land) Act 1996, as underground storage tanks. to destruction of benthic land in, on or under which any Groundwater contamination is community habitats. Land substance is present at a especially a concern in Manly due degradation created by a concentration above that naturally to the high water tables and developer can lead to further present and that poses, or is likely sandy aquifer.) costs incurred on the developer, to pose, an immediate or long Landfill sites–both garbage purchaser or rate paying term risk to human health or the dumping areas and the community to undertake environment. restoration works. introduction of soil for landfill (eg. Contaminated sites that are not leaching of chemicals and heavy Bushland can often be degraded properly managed or identified metals into ground water and in Manly through vegetation may result in an increased risk to Manly Lagoon. Leachates and the disturbance (both natural and health and safety of people on or composition of chemical human induced), which leads to adjacent to the site. These sites compounds are the main cause for exposure to wind and water may also result in detrimental concern). erosion of soil. A natural effects to the environment if Road systems are a source of soil disturbance generally does not pollutants are disturbed as they contamination. Land adjoining have the same amount of impact may impact on building structures major roadways can become as a human induced impact. through chemical attack, and contaminated with lead, zinc, create unanticipated costs to the carbon and rubber dust. 1.4.3.2 Northside Storage developer and a potential liability Tunnel—Ground to Council. (Sites as identified from the Manly Settlement in Council State of Environment Several sites within the Manly Manly Report 1995/6). Council area are identified as Following the incidence of ground being potentially contaminated settlement in the Manly CBD due The Environment Protection due to possible chemical or to the construction of the Authority (EPA) regulates hazardous deposits resulting from Northside Storage Tunnel, Council contaminated land and can previous or current use. requested the Northside Tunnel require that steps be taken to Alliance fund an independent assess, manage and clean up expert study to conduct a risk contaminated land via the issuing assessment of the entire tunnel of a notice. The EPA may direct route and assess the the occupier of the land to remove consequences and severity of the the cause of contamination, settlement on surface reduce the contamination of the infrastructure. premises, eliminate or reduce any danger arising from the contamination of the premises and restore the premises to a safe 12 standard. It can also direct an iii) Addiscombe Road Site, 1.4.3.4 Chemical & occupier to vacate the site and Manly Vale Pesticide Use stop carrying out any activity on During site investigation into the The long-term use of pesticides, the premises. proposed Department of Housing herbicides and other chemicals (DoH) remediation strategy, an has had many direct and indirect The NSW EPA Contaminated Sites independent auditor engaged by effects on the environment, yet Register indicates there is one DoH discovered fibro asbestos the extent of damage that can contaminated site in Manly—the contamination across the site. occur is complex and not always old Little Manly Point Gasworks, well understood. The residues which has a current notice for DoH arranged, as a precautionary from these chemicals enter the maintaining remediation. measure, to fence off most of the soil and aquatic ecosystems and contaminated area, provided have harmful effects on the biota The following iste are undergoing appropriate signage, and living in these habitats. They can remediation: informed local residents and be ingested by organisms and school users. i) Remediation of Land Adjacent accumulate in animal fats, with to Burnt Bridge Creek Further testing by DoH under EPA the effects being magnified along Deviation Kitchener Street, guidelines to determine the the food chain up to 50,000 times Balgowlah extent of fibro asbestos the original concentration (State The RTA have undertaken a contamination is to be undertaken of the Environment Advisory thorough investigation of the including groundwater testing in Council, 1996). site’s history and the follow uses two locations to determine the The use of fertiliser to increase have been identified: stability of previously identified soil nutrients can enhance weed metal contaminants and any m Australian Gas Light (AGL) growth and adversely affect possible impacts on the adjacent storage area native plants. The majority of lagoon. m RTA Site native vegetation has evolved and m tyre manufacturer/sales Council is continuing to liase adapted to nutrient poor soils and m sewage bin storage facility closely with the DoH over the is less competitive in nutrient rich m possible mechanics workshop. future remediation of the site, and conditions. Weeds which are is satisfied that appropriate better adapted to these higher A site environmental measures have and are being nutrient levels, thrive in these investigation was undertaken by implemented by the DoH during conditions and invade areas of Johnstone Environmental the remediation review process. native flora. Increased nutrients in Technology Pty Ltd (JET) in 1996 watercourses can also result in and revealed the presence of algal blooms, depriving the water waste from a gas plant that was and aquatic life of oxygen. used as fill on the portion of the site, a dump for various materials Most of the Manly community including vehicle mechanical uses chemicals in some way, from parts and body panels, old tyres garden chemicals to bathroom and wheels, concrete pieces and cleaning products. If not used and Photography: Manly Wharf, rock rubble. stored responsibly, they can pose Innocenza Toritto a serious threat to our health and Please refer to the Response Collection: Manly Art Gallery & Museum the environment. section. ii) Manly Wharf Interchange and Sydney Ferries Fuel Storage Tanks During the construction works at the Manly Wharf Interchange, the underground fuel storage tanks used by Sydney Ferries under the Manly Wharf Forecourt were found to be corroded and leaking.
The defective underground storage tanks were removed and replaced with modern safe tanks and the contaminated soil was removed and disposed in a safe manner. LAND 13 1.5 RESPONSE TO environmental areas including all In addition to the Working Party, a THESE of St Patrick’s College Estate and Reference Group is also planned part of Shelly Beach headland to be established and will consist PRESSURES which is within the Estate and all of expert advisors and areas zoned Special Uses representatives of the Property 1.5.1 Planning including land on North Head Council of NSW, the Instruments, such as the School of Artillery. Environmental Defenders Office, Policies and the Environment and Planning It is considered that the policy Law Association, the Total Management has been applied inappropriately Environment Centre and Justice Plans to areas having heritage Paul Stein of the Supreme Court of conservation significance without NSW. 1.5.1.1 Development adequate regard to the need for Control Plan (DCP) special site specific controls to be The role of the Reference Group for the Residential prepared to protect sites which will be to scrutinise and provide Zone are of heritage significance. In informed comment to the Steering Council is currently undertaking a addition, the policy in its current Committee on draft sections of review of the DCP for the amended form applies to many the report, raise issues for Residential Zone, to integrate key Special Uses sites which have consideration of the Steering principles of ESD, as well as to substantial areas of natural Committee and provide advice protect the amenity of existing bushland with high conservation upon submission received in the and future residents. Key value such as the Dalwood site at course of the public consultation sustainability considerations Seaforth. Council has requested process which is intended to be include energy efficiency, that the Policy be further conducted as part of the overall stormwater reuse, site reviewed to address all of the review. management (environmental above issues and the protection), air and noise inappropriateness of applying 1.5.1.4 Geographical considerations, waste blanket controls on a statewide Information minimisation, environmentally basis without regard to local System friendly building products, issues. Council’s Geographical biodiversity conservation, Information System’s (GIS) use as stormwater infiltration, and water 1.5.1.3 Review of State a strategic planning tool has conservation. Areas of Manly Planning Law and expanded over the past year have been assessed to identify the Role of the through the following: the ‘character’ to ensure Land & preservation from unsympathetic Environment Court m aerial photography purchased development. Council, along with numerous covering part of the Manly other councils and the LGSA have CBD, and Pickering Point at Workshops with Councillors, been vigorously seeking a review Seaforth, round the coast council staff and also for the of the Land & Environment Court taking in the Spit through to practitioners (architects, real in reviewing development Forty Baskets estate agents, developers etc) applications. m layers identified and mapped have been held. Workshops for include SEPP 19 bushland, the Precincts and Council Sub- As a result of this ongoing action, reserves and open space areas Commiteees have also been th the NSW Attorney General on 7 m integration with the new planned. A draft DCP is expected April 2000 announced a review of property system forecast for to be approved by Council for State planning laws and the role 2001, which will result in exhibition early 2001. of the Court to be headed by Mr. greater accessibility for Jerrold Cripps former Chief Judge council staff, improved 1.5.1.2 State Environmental of the Land & Environment Court communication and Planning Policy No 5 and former Judge of the Supreme dissemination of information Following the publication of a Court of NSW. to the community. review document by DUAP on SEPP No. 5 Housing for Older The Working Party will comprise 1.5.1.5 Ocean Beach Plan People and People with a representatives of the Attorney of Management General’s Department, the Disability, Council has made a Please refer to the Aboriginal and Department of Local Government, submission to the Department Non-Aboriginal Heritage chapter DUAP, the LGSA and a Judge of addressing its concerns with the for heritage concerns. Policy in its present amended the Court to be nominated by the form. These concerns are—the current Chief Judge of the Land & The Plan of Management for the application of the policy to Environment Court, Justice Marla Ocean Beach was adopted by inappropriate and sensitive Pearlman. Council in February 2000. It 14 addresses the requirements of area will be placed on public plan making and that the existing Local Government Act, exhibition for comment and provisions are not utilised to their Community Land Provisions, and similarly all development full extent currently. the Crown Land Act. It seeks to applications for other parts of the provide an effective framework for study area will be notified for The submission stresses the need use and management of the comment. for co-ordination by the Regional Ocean Beachfront. The plan has and State bodies on policy and regard to the heritage, 1.5.1.7 On-site Sewage planning strategies, as well as conservation and recreational Management regional environmental studies eg. Flora and Fauna. values which the community Council chose to endorse the use attributes to the beach. It also of the Environment & Health A summary of submissions was seeks to ensure that issues of Protection Guidelines for On-site published by the Department this environmental sustainability are Sewage Management for Single year. addressed through the Households, prepared by the preparation of Council’s Department of Local Government, 1.5.1.9 Landslip and Environmental Management Plan. the EPA, the Department of Subsidence Policy Health, the DLWC, and DUAP, as During 1999 Council engaged 1.5.1.6 RTA DUAP Surplus an On-site Sewage Management Coffey Partners to undertake a Government Land Strategy. at Seaforth— preliminary geotechnical study of Planning Study The guidelines offer detailed the Manly Council area with the view to producing a potential The RTA and DUAP are instructed information and guidelines on landslip policy. to dispose of 116 residential lots legislative requirements, on-site sewerage management at Seaforth on the abandoned This policy is to form part of a strategies, assessment, Warringah Transport Corridor. Hazards Plan which is intended to installation, maintenance, include policies relating to At Council’s request a Planning operation, regulation and Flooding, Bushfire Protection, Study was prepared for the land. monitoring for single households. Coastal Erosion, and Landslip. It examined a range of The first stage of the Hazards environmental planning, open Due to the shallow soils and rock Plan prepared by Coffey Partners space, traffic and access issues. shelves in the Manly area, it may includes coloured plans dividing The study identified several prove that many sites are the area into four landslip/ options in consultation with the unsuitable for on-site sewage subsidence zones: A, B, C & D. local community to improve traffic systems, when the above local factors and the application in safety and access, to improve Zone A Ridge crests, major pedestrian movement and safety, general is assessed according to spur slopes and to protect important habitat and the Guidelines. In those dissected plateau bushland, and, identified the need circumstances where such a areas. to carry out additional studies on proposal is deemed to pose a Zone B Flanking slopes. residential land in the Pickering public health or environmental Zone C Steeper slopes, Point area. risk, full connection to the Sydney generally near coastal Water Sewerage System would be or harbourside areas. Supplementary studies of the land required. Zone D Beach, foredune and near Pickering Point have alluvial flats identified the high habitat values 1.5.1.8 Environmental of land on the eastern side of Planning and A preliminary checklist has been Clavering Road, and access and Assessment Act, prepared to simplify and remove hydrology issues as well as the 1979 —Review of as much liability from Council by need to retain bushland and Part 3 Plan Making placing onus on the applicant to natural features such as rock In 1999 Council made a complete this checklist. The shelves. submission in response to the checklist determines whether a Green Paper issued by DUAP geotechnical report must be Council has resolved to adopt the which suggested further prepared by a qualified person for agreed options from the original amendments to the plan making the geotechnical aspects of the study and to rezone certain land provisions of Part 3 of the Act. application. Both the checklist for residential and other land for and (if the checklist determines a open space within the vicinity of Council’s submission questioned report is necessary) the Pickering Point in accordance the basis of several of the geotechnical report must be with the recommendations of the recommendations for change in submitted with the Development supplementary study. The draft recognition that the Act provides Application. All applicants will be Local Environmental Plan and for comprehensive local required to complete the Development Control Plan for this
environmental studies to proceed preliminary checklist. LAND 15 1.5.2 Works on the 1.5.2.3 Under ground 1.5.2.4 Manly Oval—Future Ground cabling— Development Bollingbroke Following the removal of the Parade to 1.5.2.1 Remediation of grandstand roof at Manly Oval for Lauderdale Land Adjacent to public liability reasons in January Avenue, Esplanade Burnt Bridge Creek 1999, Council endorsed the Park, Fairlight Deviation Kitchener preparation of a master plan for Street, Balgowlah Energy Australia have given Council’s Sport/Recreation Council has agreed to participate Council and adjoining property Facilities in Ivanhoe Park and in the remediation of the site with owners the opportunity to engaged GSA Architects Pty Ltd the RTA on a basis of a pro rata underground light poles and in July 1999. allocation of funds based on the power lines along the Manly area of ownership, to carry out the Scenic Walkway section of GSA prepared a series of options remediation works pursuant to Bollingbroke Pde Lauderdale Ave, for considerations at stakeholder SEPP No.55—Remediation of Fairlight. Council canvassed the workshops. Land. A suitably qualified willingness of adjoining property environmental consultancy firm is owners to make contribution to Council and stakeholders alike to be engaged to undertake the the under grounding of these endorsed Option 2—optimal work. facilities on the basis that it upgrade but keep the Village would fundamentally improve the Green (Character)—as the most 1.5.2.2 Slope Stabilisation amenity and value of their appropriate, which includes: at Peronne Avenue, properties. m improved public toilets Clontarf m additional change rooms The construction of Peronne Whilst Manly Council may have the view that Energy Australia Avenue has involved extensive m better and larger spectator cutting into the hillside and left a should be forced to put its viewing areas steep slope up to 4m or so in infrastructure under ground, they m upgraded lighting are not required to do so at the height. Surface runoff and water m upgrading of existing change ingress into the underlying present time and once the poles rooms that need replacing are done, it is sandstone and colluvium has m new kitchen facilities unlikely that this area will be resulted in a slope failure and the m improved and increased revisited in terms of potential for adjoining uphill section has accessibility. moved. This has been exacerbated under grounding for at least 20 to 30 years. by the placement of uncontrolled GSA Architects have been fill at the crest of the slope. engaged to further detail the It is hoped that the success of this designs of Option 2. The project project with joint sharing of cost A geotechnical engineering has been costed by a Quantity by Energy Australia, the adjoining consultant was appointed by Surveyor at $1.363 million. The owners and Manly Council Council to investigate and report real cost will only be determined through the Environment Levy, the stability of the slope and at the tendering stage. recommended the following in may well be a model for further order to maintain the safety of the under grounding works along the Walkway. road users and the public:
m construction of an appropriately designed retaining wall m relocation of services and construction of appropriate drainage devices m removal of loose fill and re- stabilisation of the surface of the slope and re-vegetation.
The required retaining wall is 4m to 5m high and is about 100m long. As the design of the wall require specialised skills and knowledge, it has been undertaken by external consultants. Aerial Photograph of Manly Oval
16 1.5.3 Funding 1.5.4 Committee 1.5.5 Education Updates Initiatives 1.5.3.1 Lagoon Park— Funding Approval 1.5.4.1 North Head 1.5.5.1 Manly Design Council has committed $10,000 to Planning Advisory Awards 1999 match a grant of $10,000 from the Committee Since 1980 Manly Council has Metropolitan Greenspace The Committee was established conducted the Design Awards, Program. by the Minister for Urban Affairs which recognise high quality and Planning to develop a design of buildings and These funds will be applied to planning strategy for North Head. renovations that have been extending the foreshore riparian The aim of the strategy was to undertaken in the Manly Council zone plantings at Lagoon Park, a provide a framework for the area. The purpose of the Awards is project which was commenced in preparation of future development to raise community awareness of 1998 with a Metropolitan and planning controls in addition quality architectural design. The Greenspace grant. The project to management guidelines for awards also encourage builders, will assist in contributing to an North Head. architects and property owners to improvement in water quality in strive for high quality and the Lagoon through filtering of A draft report to the Minister was imaginative design that adds to nutrients and litter etc, as well as prepared by DUAP as the and retains the amenity of the built providing wildlife habitat, and Committee convenor in 1999. A forms in Manly. improvement of the landscape group of eight community and setting. The grant also covers Council representatives prepared In 1999 categories were: additional tree plantings a detailed submission which was 1. Alterations and additions throughout the park. forwarded to the Minister in awards for residential building December 1999. Council is and non-residential buildings. 1.5.3.2 Environment Levy awaiting the outcome of the 2. Historic buildings awards for Projects Relevant Minister’s consideration of the the renovation of a building to this Chapter submission and his decision on listed as an Item of For progress on each project, the preferred strategy for future Environmental Heritage or as please see the Implementation planning and conservation of clearly recognisable example of Chapter. North Head. a defined architectural style of a previous era.
Environment Levy Projects (relevant to this chapter) The award’s activities involved a Project Budget Target / day’s excursion touring the Completion Date Awards entries and an evening where the winners are presented 20. Esplanade Park & with awards. Members of the Jury underground cabling Total: $43 650 June 2001 included Councillors and representatives from the Manly 24. Contaminated Land Policy Daily, Manly Warringah Historical & Data Base - June 2001 Society, Manly Art Gallery and Museum Society, the Royal 44. Potential coastal Hazards Total: $30 000 Management Grant: $15 000 Institution of Architects and Council Staff.
1.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN m develop controls to restrict the amount of impervious surfaces in the Manly LGA m continue to lobby against SEPP 5 legislation and for improvements in the Land and Environment Court process m place priority on the completion of the Residential DCP–ensure community participation in its development. LAND 17 1.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Comments Reference
L1 Sediment control policy. PDE S H Initiated Residential sediment control policy incorporated into Residential DCP.
L3 Sediment control policy PDE Investigate and prepare policies (further described in biodiversity chapter ref: B2) that include:
L3.1 - the prevention of damage to or PDE M M Initiated The relevant provisions of the removal of vegetation, rocks and Residential DCP are in final soils draft form.
L3.2 - guidelines for appropriate PDE/ S H Initiated The relevant provisions of the indigenous species for use in LUM Residential DCP are in final landscaping draft form.
L3.3 - investigate the inclusion of pervious PDE S M Initiated The relevant provisions of the area controls in planning Residential DCP are in final instruments. draft form.
L6 Improve integration of TCM and ESD PDE M H Initiated The relevant provisions of the principles within existing Manly Residential DCP are in final planning instruments. draft form.
L7.1 Consideration be given to the PDE M H Initiated LEP amendment now introduction of an environmental complete. Environmentally protection zone into the Manly LEP. Sensitive Area map is now part of LEP, but is only relevant for complying development.
L8 Provisions in external contracts for AMC O H Initiated A procurement policy is ESD. currently being put together. This procurement policy will incorporate input from relevant groups within Council. Council’s ESD Standards work will be integrated into this policy.
L10 Identify soil landscapes and stability PDE L L Initiated Interim processes now in place in LUM & Customer Service to implement plan. Legal advice received and a report has been prepared for adoption by Council.
L11 Highlight the location of Acid Sulphate PDE L L Completed LEP finalised. Information is Soils now in LEP.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. 18 Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Comments Reference
L12.1 Identify and map sites requiring AMC O H Initiated Identification of mapping sites restoration. requiring rehabilitation has recently commenced. This is being carried out by the Bushland Management Officer, and work to continue in 2000/01.
L12.2 Ensure Bushland Plan of AMC S H Initiated Comments on draft currently Management addresses rehabilitation being processed. of degraded sites.
L12.3 Seek funding to undertake an AMC Ongoing Ongoing Shelly Beach Long-nosed environmental restoration Bandicoot habitat restoration demonstration project and promote (complete). Environment Levy the benefits of a cooperative effort to bids undertaken for bushland boost community participation and projects. New grant motivation. application for Tania Park bushland. Current management of grant projects namely, Harbour to Hawkesbury trail, Seaforth Oval revegetation, Arabanoo Lookout - community participation through volunteer support and publicity of projects.
L13 Increase opportunities for community AMC Ongoing Ongoing Living Creek Programme education and activities related to continuing, with the re- environmental restoration and commencement of the rehabilitation. Volunteer Network Committee meetings to promote bushland, Council sponsored Streamwatch programme.
L13.4 Actively promote community AMC Ongoing Completed Quarterly ‘Bushcare’ involvement in environmental Newsletter. Newspaper restoration projects. articles, press releases. Volunteer Network Committee meetings.
L15 Increase public awareness of land CI M H Completed Ongoing community degradation issues. involvement through weekly working bees at Stella Maris Community Garden.
L17 Control and manage access to CM L L Initiated Fragile areas need to be significant natural areas. Where identified first. Flora and necessary, eliminate access to Fauna study applied for with significant areas. Environment Levy bid.
L23 Provide alternatives to harmful CI Ongoing Completed Poster complete and brochure chemicals and publicise these. being distributed within the community. For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. LAND 19 Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Comments Reference
L25 Council work with businesses to CI M M Completed Green Business Awards minimise use of chemicals. presented in August, 1999.”Waste Savers” is an additional initiative from the Northern Sydney Waste Board that is being offered to Manly businesses. A proposal has been developed to supervise Greencore volunteers to promote the Waste Savers initiative to businesses when they are not engaged in Greencore activities. MEC meeting with Waste Savers Project Officer. Local business being invited to attend seminar.
L28 Commission a comprehensive CSP&D L L Completed Sport and Recreation study into the range of recreational Facilities Strategy completed opportunities provided and needs in 1997. required by all residents.
L30 Raise awareness of Manly Scenic AMC O H Completed New brochure distributed. Walkway.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
Manly Scenic Walkway
20 Aquatic Systems
quatic Systems refers to the ocean environments (including A beaches), harbour, lagoon, aquatic habitats, creeks, wetlands, groundwater, and the catchment activities which may impact upon them.
2.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Annual Rainfall 1996: 1997: 1998: 1999: 1117.2mm 1405.0mm 1981.3mm 1648.4mm N.A.
Volume of water consumption (kL) • total 3,957,372 4,745,004 4,395,300 4,538,482 è • per capita 112.15 130.84 115.99 119.04 ç
Council’s water consumption 127,474 187,205 168,269 157,412 è
Average percent compliance Beachwatch data (ocean beaches) 95.2% 96% 80.06% 88.5% è?
Average percent compliance Harbour watch data (harbour beaches) 96.27% 81.5% 61.32% 81.11% è?
Number of pollution control devices (including trash racks and baskets) 61 88 118 121 è
Number of stormwater outlets into water bodies with no pollution control device 56 53 41 38 è
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability STEMS 2.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m to promote and encourage the responsible use and consumption of water m to achieve a coordinated, strategic approach to pollution prevention and enforcement in conjunction with other organisations and
government agencies TIC SY
m to have our catchments, lagoon, harbour and oceans provided with A clean water and supporting biologically diverse indigenous aquatic
and terrestrial ecosystems through TCM and ESD principles U m to create a TCM aware, involved and practising community. Q A 21 2.2 COMMUNITY 2.3 STATE OF 2.3.1.1 Southern Oscillation Index PERCEPTIONS OUR AQUATIC The Southern Oscillation Index The 2000 SoE Community SYSTEMS (SOI) is calculated from the Workshop identified several areas monthly or seasonal fluctuations of concern including: 2.3.1 Rainfall in the air pressure difference between Tahiti and Darwin. m the Northside Storage Tunnel The graph below indicates rainfall Sustained negative values of the and lack of satisfactory for the 1999/2000 financial year at SOI often indicate El Niño biosolids strategy the NSW Department of Public episodes. These negative values m the ‘seawall protection Works and Services, Manly are usually accompanied by measures and exposed rocks Hydraulics Laboratory monitoring sustained warming of the central on Manly Beach’ issue station at Manly Dam. and eastern tropical Pacific becoming political Annual rainfall data over the past Ocean, a decrease in the strength m the problem of ‘end of pipe’ ten years is presented below, of the Pacific Trade Winds, and a solutions (GPTs) and their lack from the nearest active Bureau of reduction in rainfall over eastern of maintenance Meteorology monitoring station, and northern Australia. The most m concern that the Cabbage Frenchs Forest (source: Bureau of recent strong El Niño was in 1997/ Tree Bay Plan of Management Meteorology, 2000). 98. didn’t ‘go far enough’.
Annual rainfall data Positive values of the SOI are Good news stories identified by associated with stronger Pacific Year Rainfall (mm) the Workshop included the trade winds and warmer sea relining of sewerage pipes in temperatures to the north of Burnt Bridge Creek Catchment, 1934 1810 1990 1725 Australia, popularly known as a signage of creeks and drains, and 1991 939 La Niña episode. Waters in the the environment levy. 1992 1315 central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean become cooler Recommendations of the 1993 714 1994 828 during this time. Together these Workshop included the need for 1995 1298 give an increased probability that holistic management of Manly 1996 1117.2 eastern and northern Australia Lagoon, policing of building sites 1997 1405.2 will be wetter than normal. The and fishing legislation, and the 1998 1981.3 most recent strong La Niña was need for review and regular 1999 1648.4 in 1988/89; a moderate La Niña maintenance of GPTs. 2000 (Jan–Jun) 573.2 event occurred in 1998/99, which weakened back to neutral conditions before reforming for a shorter period in 1999/2000. This last event finished in Autumn 2000, as indicated by the adjacent graph.
Rainfall for the 1999/2000 financial year
22 2.3.2 Catchments either stormwater pipes directly 2.3.2.1 Manly Lagoon onto the ocean beaches, or by Manly LGA is located within two Manly Lagoon is a small coastal entering Manly Lagoon. administration ‘catchments’, the lake with a catchment of 14 sqkm and a waterway of 0.1sqkm. The Middle Harbour and Sydney The Manly Lagoon Catchment size of the lagoon and its Northern Beaches Catchments contains parts of all the suburbs associated wetlands has (refer to Map AQ1, page 24). The of Manly, and the Warringah decreased substantially since Sydney Northern Beaches suburbs of North Manly, Allambie, European settlement of the area. Catchment is actually a series of Allambie Heights, Beacon Hill, Land has been reclaimed for smaller catchments from Manly Vale, and Brookvale. The housing, playing fields, golf Barrenjoey Headland in the north approximate boundaries for the courses and commercial to North Head in the south, all catchment are, Warringah Rd to development. draining into the Pacific Ocean. the north, Sydney Rd to the south, Wakehurst Parkway to the west Both catchments extend outside A combination of the reduction of and Queenscliff Beach to the east. the Manly LGA, with Middle wetlands, the relatively steep catchment, the development in Harbour extending into the LGAs The catchment and the Lagoon the catchment (60% urban, 7% of Mosman, Willoughby, environment are significantly industrial and commercial), Warringah and Kur-ing-gai modified, with much of the sewage overflows and exfiltration Council. The Sydney Northern catchment having been cleared. It from a degraded sewerage Beaches Catchment covers the covers an area of approximately system, have led to the lagoon LGAs of Manly, Warringah and 18km2 (Manly Council, 1996). The being highly degraded and Pittwater Councils. catchment contains 9 sub- unable to assimilate nutrient catchments and three main Water draining from the Sydney loads. The lagoon is perceived as tributaries: Burnt Bridge, Northern Beaches Catchment being one of the most degraded Brookvale and Manly Creeks. into the Pacific Ocean arrives by coastal lagoons in NSW. The MEC prepared a comparison table (below) on nutrients in the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) 1995–2000 Lagoon with the ANZECC Draft Water Quality Guidelines. Trigger values are values which if exceeded indicate potential risk to the system (data sourced from John Laxton (1999) 1994 - 1999 Report). See table below.
Poor development practices and a changes hydrological regime in the catchment have accelerated a flood regime that affects approximately 400 properties within the catchment in a 1 in 100 year storm event. The lagoon is therefore managed for both flood and environmental purposes.
Source: Bureau of Meteorology— STEMS www.bom.gov.au/climate/current/soi2.shtml (19/2/00)
The sites below are 3 of 9, and are the sample sites which are of greatest concern ANZECC Results Jan–Dec 1999 Trigger Values Brookvale Creek Burnt Bridge Creek Lagoon Entrance mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l
Oxidised Nitrogen 0.15 0.404 0.254 0.047 TIC SY A Total Nitrogen 0.30 1.076 0.907 0.559 U Ammonia 0.015 0.106 0.101 0.107 Q Total Phosphorous 0.03 0.062 0.115 0.067 A 23 South Pacific SNBC Ocean Manly Beach MHC
Manly Cove NHC Middle Harbour
NHC North Harbour
Grotto Pt
N LEGEND:
SNBC—Sydney Northern Beaches Catchment (includes Manly LagoonNHC
North Harbour Catchment
MHC—Middle Harbour Catchment
SOURCE: Manly Council 2000 MAP AQ1 SCALE: NTS CATCHMENTS PLAN 24 Although the responses of the 2.3.2.2 Burnt Bridge Creek 2.3.3 Recreational past years’ actions have not been Burnt Bridge Creek is Manly Water Quality monitored in a scientific fashion, Council’s only significant open in Manly LGA there is anecdotal evidence of creek. It rises near Wakehurst some recent colonisation by Parkway and winds through a The shoreline water quality in mangroves. This may be an corridor between the rear of Manly is monitored under the indication that the low flow pipes suburban homes, and in parts Beachwatch and Harbourwatch are contributing to increased tidal forms the boundary with Programmes by the Beachwatch movement. Warringah Council. Branch of the NSW EPA in cooperation with local councils Manly lagoon has anecdotally It provides a vital habitat corridor and other government agencies. been reported to have a diverse between Manly Lagoon and The programmes monitor the and varied fish fauna. Fish Seaforth. As with many other water for bacterial contamination species captured and released by creeks in urban catchments and visual pollution, with water community members during the within the Sydney Basin it has samples collected between the reporting period include bass, suffered under the pressure of ocean bathing flags or the most bream, flathead, big eye travalley, urbanisation. This severely frequently used part of the beach, golden travalley, mangrove jack degraded watercourse has been and harbour swimming area, at and whiting. While catch and the focus of environmental works least five times each month— release fishing is permissible, since 1991 when a small group of approximately every six days. fishing for consumption is volunteers endeavoured to restore strongly advised against and is native vegetation. The indicators measured are signposted as such. faecal coliforms and enterococci, The DLWC Pilot Urban Stream with the results based on A Southern Cross University Assessment on the Creek (1999) guidelines published by the study of sediment nutrient fluxes states that the current ecological National Health and Medical in Manly lagoon indicated that condition to support aquatic life Research Council (NH&MRC). high loads of organic matter into was generally good in the upper The guideline limit is an the estuary resulted in a high catchment, poor in the middle indication of the probability of sediment oxygen demand, with catchment and very poor in the swimmers developing illnesses subsequent low dissolved oxygen lower catchment. These findings from the water. in the water column. were based on the diversity and Denitrification efficiency was low cover of riparian vegetation, the The tables on the following page with most nitrogen returned to naturalness of the channel present the percent of sampling the water column as ammonia and morphology, the abundance of days compliant with guidelines. not lost to the atmosphere as N2 pool and riffle zones, stream bank The results indicate a 89.94% gas as occurs in pristine systems. stability, stream bed stability and water quality compliance at three Most phosphorous is trapped in land use. All sites failed to comply ocean beaches, and a 80.05% the sediment. The benthic to aquatic ecosystem protection compliance for harbour beaches microalgae reduce the flux of guidelines for dissolved oxygen, over four years of sampling with nutrients to the water column, but total phosphorous, total nitrogen still unacceptable results. For this ammonia flux is still high. and oxidised nitrogen on all reason, the EPA does not Sediments in the lagoon basin are occasions. a significant contributor of recommend primary water nutrients to the water column contact activity (eg. swimming) during times of low rainfall. for at least three days after heavy rains. STEMS The lagoon entrance is managed intensively for flood reasons resulting in an opening level of 1.4 m AHD. This prevents a build up of a sufficient water level to scour out the entrance sufficiently and enable the natural removal of fine sediment from the lagoon basin. TIC SY A U Q A 25 2.3.4 Coastal There is only one ocean 2.3.4.2 Intertidal Rock Environments embayment within the Manly Platforms LGA, at the west north-west Small intertidal rock platforms Manly has a very diverse range of facing Shelly Beach, and the main exist at Shelly Beach and around coastal environments, including easterly facing ocean beach of North Harbour. In July 1993, NSW wetlands, seagrasses, beaches, Manly, North Steyne and Fisheries officially gazetted the mud flats, and intertidal rock Queenscliff. The harbour contains closure of 14 intertidal areas platforms. All these features have 20 small harbour beaches, within the Sydney Metropolitan been affected by the urbanisation including Collins, Fairlight and Region as Intertidal Protected of Manly, with many natural Clontarf Beaches, and many Areas (IPAs), in order to protect features substantially altered, and small, tidal flats. intertidal invertebrates in some instances entirely (including cunjevoi) within these removed for urbanisation. No dune system remains along habitats. Manly has two IPA the main ocean beach, having areas, protecting Shelly Beach been wholly contained within the 2.3.4.1 Shorelines and the whole of the Sydney ocean wall. The aspect of Shelly Manly’s shorelines include open Harbour foreshores excluding the Beach, and its shelter from coastline with rocky headlands foreshores of North Harbour, from extreme winds, has not resulted (for geodiversity, please see the Manly Point around to the in any natural dune formation. Chapter 1: Land), cliffs, sandy western end of Forty Baskets beaches, sheltered coasts, bays Beach. and estuaries with muddy and sandy tidal flats.
Beachwatch Results Site Faecal coliforms Enterococci Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer 1996-97 1997 1997-98 1998 1998-99 1999 1999-00 1996-97 1997 1997-98 1998 1998-99 1999 1999-00 (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
Queenscliff Beach 100 100 100 86 90 100 100 94 73 84 45 74 100 48
North Steyne 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 55 100 100 71
South Steyne 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 97 59 71 100 68
Shelly Beach 100 100 100 86 100 100 100 100 100 87 50 65 100 29
Harbourwatch Results Site Faecal coliforms Enterococci Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer Winter Summer 1996-97 1997 1997-98 1998 1998-99 1999 1999-00 1996-97 1997 1997-98 1998 1998-99 1999 1999-00 (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)
Sandgrado 92 57 91 62 88 100 84 88 38 75 43 53 33 28
Gurney 100 76 91 62 88 100 94 92 62 91 57 44 52 71
Clontarf 100 86 94 62 94 100 76 90 67 84 29 25 100 68
Forty Baskets 100 100 100 100 94 100 71 94 81 72 38 28 100 61
Manly Cove 100 100 100 95 100 100 71 94 95 72 29 22 100 90
Little Manly Cove 100 100 94 86 100 100 86 74 57 63 10 44 100 48
Fairlight Beach 100 100 100 90 100 100 67 94 81 56 33 41 100 81
LEGEND The results indicate a 89.94% water quality compliance at three ocean beaches, and a 80.05% compliance for harbour beaches over four years of sampling with still unacceptable results. 26 These closures were gazetted for number of weedy sea dragon 2.3.4.5 Seagrasses a five year period expiring on 8th sightings in the state, with only Seagrass is generally confined to July 1998. NSW Fisheries decided Kurnell recording a larger colony the protected Harbour areas and to extend the term of these (NSW Regional Ripples, 7, 2, the sheltered Shelly Beach and is closures until 31st December, Winter 2000—Marine and Coastal essential fish habitat. The main 1999 so that a review could be Community Network). seagrass species in the Manly and undertaken in conjunction with Middle Harbour areas are ribbon Strong community concern for the local government, community weed (Zostera sp), and paddle protection of Cabbage Tree Bay groups and other stakeholders. weed (Halophila sp) (NSW resulted in a request to Council to This review is to help determine Fisheries submission 1998). Map protect the bay from exploitation the most effective means of AQ2, page 28, indicates the in 1990. managing these areas for the current distribution and protection of intertidal considerable loss of seagrass beds biodiversity in the Sydney Region. 2.3.4.4 North Harbour since 1989 as researched by the Aquatic Reserve Manly Environment Centre in The Instruments of Appointment North Harbour Aquatic Reserve is 1995. for Council Officers as Rangers an 80ha reserve managed by NSW were also to expire on Monday Fisheries. The Reserve was Activities such as anchoring of 8th July, 1998, however were declared in 1982, and features boats and other craft, commercial renewed and extended until 31st tropical fish expatriates netting practices and upper December, 1999 to coincide with throughout autumn and winter catchment activities have lead to the planned extension of the IPA and significant stands of kelp. It is sedimentation and pollution, and closures. NSW Fisheries have recognised under the IUCN degradation of these habitats since extended the closures and (World Conservation Union) (Manly Council 1996). Boat appointments past the 1999 Guidelines for Protected Area moorings can also cause immense expiry date to coincide with the Management as category IV— damage to seagrasses. In the review of IPA closures. Habitat/Species Management Manly LGA, there are 675 Area: Protected Area Managed moorings which includes 501 2.3.4.3 Cabbage Tree Bay Mainly For Conservation Through private moorings—an increase Cabbage Tree Bay is a north Management Intervention - Area from 403 identified by NSW facing bay encompassing water of land and/or sea subject to Waterways Authority in 1998/99 and submerged lands between active intervention for (data supplied by NSW Manly Point and Fairy Bower management purposes so as to Waterways Authority, 2000). Headland. Shelly Beach, within ensure the maintenance of the embayment, is possibly the habitats and/or to meet the 2.3.4.6 Riparian Zone only west facing beach along requirements of specific species The riparian zone, which includes Australia’s east coast (Cresswell and Thomas, 1997). the beds of rivers, as well as the (Environmental Resources banks and adjacent lands, forms a Management Australia, 2000). Taking, disturbing, injuring, critical link between land and The embayment is listed on the destroying or interfering of fish or water environments. Manly’s main National Estate. marine vegetation is prohibited. riparian zones are surrounding Exemption for commercial fishers Manly Lagoon and along Burnt The Bay is a popular swimming, —may take rock lobster, and fish Bridge Creek, yet these surfing, fishing, snorkelling and my means of a hauling net, but environments are highly SCUBA diving recreation area. only from the part of the Reserve disturbed, and in some instances, Shelly Beach was designated an
north of Cannae Point and east of completely removed. Council’s STEMS Intertidal Protection Area in 1993 a line drawn from Cannae Point to initiatives (see Response section) —see 2.3.4.2 Intertidal Rock Manly Point. are working to restore the riparian Platforms. zone to the creek lines and lagoon NSW Fisheries has recently The biota in the Bay features a edge. engaged the University of Sydney high number of transient tropical to review all aquatic reserves in species known to occur during NSW. warmer months, thought to be brought south from Queensland TIC SY waters with the East Australian A Current (Environmental
Resources Management Australia, U 2000). At Ocean Care Day Survey
1999, the Shelly Beach site Q returned the second greatest A 27 South Pacific Ocean Manly Beach
Manly Cove
Middle Harbour
North Harbour
Grotto Pt
N
LEGEND:
Extent of seagrass beds from foreshore quality assessment and definition of development control classes (July 1989 MSB)
Extent of seagrass beds from observation of January 1995 aerial photo
SOURCE: Surveyor Generals Department 1998
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP AQ2 SCALE: NTS SEAGRASSES PLAN 28 2.3.5 Water After use, much domestic waste Manly LGA (Statistics provided by Consumption water is piped into the sewerage Sydney Water). Sydney Water is system to the Sewage Treatment required to meet a 25% reduction All of Manly is connected to the Plant, or acts as runoff, draining in consumption by 2010/11 based Sydney Water Corporation’s water into stormwater drains, creeks, on 1996/7 figures (as mentioned supply infrastructure which wetlands, oceans or groundwater. earlier), thus the Manly provides potable (fit for drinking) community has a target of water service from Warragamba 2.3.5.1 Water 2,685,000 kL for 2010/2011 - just Dam to 3.77 million people (NSW Consumption under half the present total EPA 1997). The Sydney Water Across the LGA consumption. Corporation was established in 1995 under the Water Board Water consumption data for the 2.3.5.2 Ocean Beachfront Corporatisation Act 1994, giving a Manly LGA: Facilities Water license to grant Sydney Water the The graph below indicate a total Consumption Audit power to take and control water increase from 1996/97 to 1999/ within its area of operation. Under See table below and graph on 2000 of 581,210kL in the overall this Act, Sydney Water is required next page. consumption of water in the to aim to reduce the quantity of water drawn from all storages by Total Water Consumption for Manly LGA (kl) 25% between 1990/91 and 2010/11.
Australian households’ greatest use of water is for watering gardens and lawns (State of the Environment Advisory Council, 1996). This level fluctuates with season, rainfall and temperature, and reflects the abundance of exotic gardens and lawns, as opposed to native gardens needing little watering.
The table and graph below, outline water consumption at the Ocean Beach Front facilities (statistics provided by Sydney Water) Property 1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/2000 Price 98/99 Price 99/00 (kL) (kL) (kL) (kL) (kL) (kL) ($) ($)
VIC 6030 2423 0 12605 9644 10066 8197.4 9059.4
Manly SLSC 312 4692 6751 7212 8343 7531 7091.55 6777.9
Nth Steyne SLSC 174 158 485 911 547 512 464.95 460.8
Queenscliff SLSC 4452 3294 3098 5089 5005 4836 4254.25 4352.4
South Steyne bubblers STEMS & Showers 2268 2287 3212 7124 3307 2829 2810.95 2546.1
Queenscliff irrigation & showers 2170 83 11433 10139 7940 7827 6749 7044.3
North Steyne irrigation & showers (metre 1) 1736 0 0 10856 9018 6787 7665.3 6108.3 TIC SY North Steyne irrigation
& showers (metre 2) 0 0 0 0 0 86 A
TOTAL: 19142 12937 24979 53936 43804 40474 37233.4 36349.2 U Q A 29 There has been a substantial 2.4 PRESSURES Pacific Ocean (Manly Council decrease of 13,462 kL of water ON OUR 1998) in the hope that the marine being consumed since the water environment will “finish” off the conservation programme has AQUATIC treatment. As an emergency, been implemented in 1998/99. SYSTEMS when the system fails, untreated Please note: or partially treated sewage is 2.4.1 North Head discharge directly into the m there was a 5c/kl increase for adjacent ocean waters through water in November 1999 to Sewage the original cliff face outfall. 90c/kl Treatment Plant Chemical tracer studies by the m some sites have 0 The Northern Suburbs Ocean CSIRO indicate that sewage consumption due to faulty Outfall Sewer, or NSOOS, carries signals can be detected in meters the waste water from an sediments around the outfalls m water usage often dependent estimated 1,000,000 people to (NSW EPA 1997). Possible longer- upon weather/climate. North Head Sewage Treatment term effects, such as the Plant (STP), a 15.9ha site at North accumulation of effluent material Head (Sydney Water, 1997). The around the outfalls and their NSOOS has expanded since it was effects on the animals living in first built in 1916, although much the surrounding sediments, will of it is now over 50 years old. The be evaluated through further original design did not envisage monitoring. either the population it now serves or the present extent of the All treatment plants are licensed system. by the NSW EPA, with North Head STP holding two licences to North Head Sewage Treatment discharge to water, which places Plant is licensed to discharge up limits on the volume and to 1002.7 ML/d to the Tasman Sea pollutants in discharges and may (Sydney Water, 1997). This require implementation of services an area of 416km2, pollution reduction programmes. extending from the STP to Sydney Water is required to report Prospect, running parallel to Port annually on the performance of Jackson and the Parramatta River, their treatment plants, yet is not north to Narrabeen Lagoon, St independently audited. Ives and Hornsby (Sydney Water, 1997). From the North Head STP, there are 2699 trucks movements per The material treated at North year, equating to 1350 loads, Head STP is only minimally removing solid material captured treated to the primary level. The through the primary treatment bulk of the solid material is process. This sludge is removed by screening, and the transported from NHSTP to rest is discharged through ocean Riverstone STP, and more recently outfalls 2.7km offshore in the to Bathurst and Lithgow for processing and distribution to the agricultural industry. This activity impacts upon the social and Ocean Beachfront Facilities Water Consumption natural environments through noise and air pollution.
While visual clarity of the waters directly off the Manly ocean beachfront has improved significantly in comparison to previous years, there is no treatment in place for the excess grease, viruses, bacteria and other contaminants within the discharged sewage.
30 It is for these reasons Manly the tunnel from Little Manly Point, 2.4.3 Pollution Council is committed to seeking including the risk to protected Licences and the decommissioning of the North seagrasses, the Aquatic Reserve, Trade Waste Head STP. and the listed endangered population of the Little Penguin. Permits Data gaps: The North Head Sewage Ground settlement has also been 1. Virus and bacteria Treatment Plant has been granted a problem in the Manly CBD contamination of ocean water. two pollution licences under the (please refer to the Land chapter). 2. The amount and type of NSW EPA legislation to discharge direct to water (Reticulation discharges by each trade Key promises of The Alliance for System & Storage Tunnel). This is waste license holder is the Tunnel’s construction (the the only premise with such a unknown. Alliance of Sydney Water license within the Manly LGA. 3. Waste illegally dumped into Corporation Ltd, Transfield Ptd sewerage system. Ltd, Montgomery Watson A total of 165 trade waste permits Australian Pty Ltd, and Connell have been issued to industry in Wagner Pty Ltd) were the 2.4.2 Northside the Manly LGA, with 4 new inclusion of service conduits and permits being issued in the past Storage Tunnel pipes to remove sludge from financial year, allowing these North Head Treatment Plant, and In preparation for the 2000 premises to dispose of a restricted the concreting of the tunnel floor. Olympics, the State Government’s amount of liquid waste to the It is now clear that the sludge favoured option to improve water sewerage system. pipe has been deleted from the quality of the Harbour was the tunnel design and construction as Northside Storage Tunnel, a previously proposed, and the second tunnel from Lane Cove to 2.4.4 Sewer tunnel has concrete lining only in North Head. Overflows areas where the substrate is weak The storage tunnel will capture and needs reinforcing. In the Manly LGA, there are 27 sewer overflow points and 11 wet weather sewage overflows Other Councils have concerns from the four largest overflow pumping stations built into the regarding the ventilation aspects points to the harbour—Lane Cove, sewerage system to avoid backup of the tunnel including concerns into homes, should the pipe Quakers Hat Bay, Tunks Park and that the previously proposed vent Scotts Creek. The tunnel will capacity be exceeded. Two of at Tunks Park at North Sydney store these overflows and these overflow points are now has been removed, and the disused—Craig Avenue, Little transport them for later treatment increase in size of tunnel being at North Head STP. Construction Manly (off SPS 200) and constructed between Tunks Park commenced in January 1998. Ashburner Street submain on the and Scott’s Creek in Willoughby corner of Craig Avenue and Stuart Council has declared the could increase the volume of air Street at Little Manly. strongest of objections to the being released. Pipe capacity is often exceeded Tunnel to the State Government. Operation of the NST will add Council’s policy has always been during rain events due to between 2 and 5 percent to the in favour of decentralisation of defective pipes and illegal annual average flow through the connections allowing stormwater sewage management and the North Head STP which is reuse of whatever components inflow. Often residents are not considered within the existing are possible. aware that their own property’s hydraulic capacity of the plant. system may be defective or Council and community are Currently the STP license has a illegal. Overflows discharge the STEMS concerned also about the adverse through put of 1050ML/day (mega untreated contents of the sewer impacts of the Tunnel’s litres per day) and consultation is directly into waterways. Sewer construction, including water, air underway with the EPA on the overflows are the source of 98% of and noise pollution, vibration, pollution control licence to faecal coliforms found in Middle structural damage to properties increase the maximum daily flow Harbour (Middle Harbour CMC, and the need for equitable and to 1400ML/day making it 1996), and 94% of faecal coliforms efficient ways of reporting consistent with the existing in Manly Lagoon (Sydney Water, TIC SY complaints. Of particular concern hydraulic capacity of the STP. 1998b). Hence many ocean and
was the proposal to tunnel harbour beaches are unsuitable A through the contaminated soils at for primary contact (swimming
Little Manly Point and the etc.) for approximately three days U associated risks of the barging following rain. operation to remove the spoil from Q A 31 In the Manly Lagoon catchment 2.4.5 Urban Runoff 55 stormwater drains have been alone there are 18 existing and 11 and Stormwater mapped (Skelton, 1996). NSW EPA sealed sewage overflow studies have indicated that points.(Skelton, 1996). Sydney The majority of urban catchments contaminants such as chlordane, Water does not monitor any sewer have been developed with a high DDT and PCBs were found in overflows in the Manly LGA, proportion of hard impervious areas of Middle Harbour, at however, it does monitor 25 in the surfaces such as concrete concentrations likely to cause Sydney sewerage system as pavements, bitumen roads and biological effects (NSW EPA 1997). representative, with an average buildings. This has decreased the wet weather overflow volume of land’s ability to soak up rainwater, Pollution warning signs advising 18,179 ML/a (Sydney Water, 1997). increasing the likelihood of of polluted stormwater were flooding, reducing groundwater erected on 20 occasions at Manly Overflow problems in Manly infiltration and renewal, and Beach, 22 at North Steyne and 40 Lagoon identified in Sydney creating other stormwater- at Queenscliff Beach during the Harbour and Northern Beaches management problems down- reporting period. Geographic Area EIS note that stream such as reduced water overflows contribute over 40% of quality. Sydney Water estimates 2.4.5.1 End of Line total Nitrogen (8.4 t/yr) and 50% that in a typical Sydney natural Devices of total Phosphorus (1.2 t/yr), bushland catchment, Council has a total of 121 33 t/yr of suspended sediment, approximately 10% of rainfall pollution control devices 94% of faecal coliforms to Manly flows into local waterways, while (including gross pollutant traps, Lagoon annually. Manly Lagoon in a highly urbanised catchment, trash racks and baskets) which presently has a containment level the figure is around 90%. Most of includes 17 major end of the line of 71 events/10 years and an the land available to soak up run- devices operating in the Manly overflow volume of 5228 ML/10 off in urban areas is the home LGA. During the reporting period, years. garden (NSW EPA 1995), while in Council installed a GPT at Manly, important areas are Cemetery Creek in the Manly Of particular note, the Shelly remnant bushland, parks, golf Lagoon Catchment. Beach overflow was ranked as courses and playing fields. follows, when compared to other In the past, these have been overflows: Water quality deteriorates when cleaned at three monthly pollutants such as suspended intervals. The majority of the sediments, organic litter, Shelly Beach overflow material removed from the nutrients, chemicals from devices are plastics, PET bottles Category NSOOS Sydney domestic and industrial sources, System Wide and organic matter. Council, along vehicle-emission waste, rubber, with many other councils, is grease, litter, dog faeces and having difficulty in maintaining Wet weather other miscellaneous pollutants the devices. In particular, the overflow enter the water body. Pollutants GPTs create liquid wastes that if ranking 4 of 1042 14 of 3109 enter receiving waters via road not cleaned continually, can and land run-off, stormwater contribute to further pollution outlets, sewer overflows, illegal Sewage pump should further rain events occur. dumpings/release and boat station ranking 2 of 87 27 of 642 In order to make the cleaning discharge. In Manly, a significant process more efficient, Council is source of aquatic pollution in This is of particular concern with intending to clean the units at Manly is untreated waste water the listed endangered Little more regular intervals and runoff from building sites not Penguin population habitat, and immediately following major practising adequate legal the recent release of the draft storm events. sediment and waste water Cabbage Tree Bay Plan of controls. Also a threat to the The volumes of material collected Management. Manly environment is the velocity in the major end of line devices by at which stormwater discharges contractors is presented below. Data gap: to our waterways and beaches, Please note that this is indicative Discharges from Sydney Water often causing substantial erosion only, and that some devices have overflows and exfiltration from to banks and beaches, and also only just been included in the cracked pipes. the design of the discharge point. cleaning contract.
Stormwater pollution is now the most common source of visible pollution affecting Manly’s beaches. Around Manly Lagoon,
32 2.4.5.2 Warringah Mall In October 1999 Manly Council Key concerns of the study Upgrade and Ardel resolved to commit $5,000 to pay include: Development— for an independent consultant to Manly Lagoon report on the water quality control m inadequate maintenance of Catchment pond at the site of the Ardel GPT proposed While not in the Manly LGA, the development and requested m the proposed water quality piping of Brookvale Creek by Warringah Council to share control pond (WQCP) would developers AMP for the expansion Manly’s contribution, i.e. $2,500 not meet the criteria of 30% of Warringah Mall is of high per Council. Geoff Sainty & TP (Total Phosphorous) community concern. In addition, Associates was engaged to carry retention according to the the Ardel Development—a site in out the study, as recommended by NSW EPA curves and would the National Estate listed Manly the Save the Manly Dam need a surface area Dam catchment will have a Catchment Committee. approximately twice that considerable impact on the water proposed if this criteria were quality of Manly Lagoon and its The document draws attention to to be achieved. tributaries. the process whereby it has been suggested that the CDS units will A water cycle management plan In March 1998 Ardel won an only need to be cleaned out once is recommended for the whole of appeal in the Land and per year. This report suggests Manly Dam catchment detailing Environment Court against that a more frequent regime is appropriate objectives to be Warringah Councils decision to recommended in order to achieve achieved and the location and reject the development efficient pollutant removal and type of pollution controls to be Application for a 33 Lot sub- comply with the pollution adopted. division on the site. The 3.6ha retention advantages of a site is one of the few remaining ‘treatment train’ approach to habitats for the red-crowned managing stormwater pollution. toadlet and a variety of endangered plant species. Despite efforts of the community, neither the State or Federal Governments supported Warringah Council with funding to purchase part of the site for preservation.
Volumes of material collected in the major end of line devices Device Location Type Weight collected 1999/00 Dry (kg) Wet (kg) Total (kg)
Manly West Boom 2140 2140 Keirle Park Boom 1582 1582 Skateboard Creek Boom 1770 1770 Manly West Net Tech 375 375 Kitchener St Net Tech 530 530 Baringah (1) Net Tech 360 360 Baringah (2) Net Tech 365 365
North Steyne Beach Net Tech 30 30 STEMS Manly West Ecosol (GPT) 6000 7500 13500 Clontarf CDS (GPT) 5500 6900 12400 Sandy Bay (1) CDS (GPT) 4000 4500 8500 Sandy Bay (2) CDS (GPT) 3300 4000 7300 Sandy Bay (3) CDS (GPT) 3800 4200 8000 Balgowlah CDS (GPT) 7800 10300 18100 Keirle Park (1) CDS (GPT) 5000 6500 11500
Kerile Park (2) CDS (GPT) 3800 5200 9000 TIC SY East Esplanade (1) Rocla (GPT) 7000 7000
East Esplanade (2) Rocla (GPT) 7000 7000 A
TOTAL 109,452 kgs U Q A 33 2.4.6 Pollution 2.4.7 Algal Blooms 2.4.8 Boating Complaints and Red tides of Noctiluca scintillans Activities Incident Reports have occurred in Sydney and The Maritime Services Act 1935 The new Protection of the North harbour and along the controls discharges of sewage Environment Operations Act was ocean beaches off Manly, causing from specified vessels, relating to introduced on 1 July 1999. A whole significant community concern. Sydney Harbour. Discharges from new range of pollution prevention This was the most frequently vessels are also controlled under and clean-up powers were blooming species of algae in NSW the Clean Waters Act where introduced, with the number of during 1995–1996 (NSW EPA vessels do not have a licence to offences able to be dealt with via 1997). Although not toxic, the discharge to waters. However, on-the-spot fines increased. high ammonia content of its enforcing compliance, records and Penalties for all environmental vacuole has been linked to fish monitoring, particularly of offences were also substantially kills, and is believed to cause skin recreational vessels and their increased. irritations. discharge practices, is an ongoing Council Rangers and problem. Noctiluca scintillans are large, Environmental Health Inspectors heterotrophic dinoflagellates, inspected 169 incidents directly In addition, pollutants from relating to pollution of water feeding on other organisms such boating activities such as toxins (general–105, sewage–46, seepage/ as other phytoplankton. They leaching from antifouling paints, other–18). This is an increase from appear to manifest themselves in oily bilge water illegally pumped 119 received in the last reporting response to increased nutrients overboard and poor antifouling period and 64 the year prior, such as following ocean upwelling practises impact upon water however, this may indicate (a natural process). They can, quality. resident’s awareness and however, reflect increased willingness to report an incident. nutrients in marine environments In the Manly LGA, there are 675 Additionally, 22 water pollution from man-made sources. There moorings (data supplied by NSW infringements and two Pollution were no reported algal blooms in Waterways Authority, 2000), Prevention Notices were issued by the Manly LGA during the which includes 501 private Council under Protection of the reporting period. moorings—an increase from 403 Environment Operations Act. identified by NSW Waterways In Manly Lagoon, chlorophyll a Authority in 1998/99: In 1999/00 there were 20 reports levels (an indicator of regarding water pollution incidents phytoplankton biomass) are often in the Manly LGA made to the NSW Moorings... very high (greater than EPA (NSW EPA Pollution Incident Location Private Commercial acceptable levels in estuaries). Reports, 2000), in contrast to 41 Moorings Moorings This indicates a response of reported in the previous period. phytoplankton to increased One Infringement Notice was Little Manly nutrients from stormwater, issued by EPA in Manly Council Cove 33 1 sewage, sediment release or from Area 1999/00. Further, two Manly Cove 87 8 the ocean since the permanent chemical pollution incident reports North opening to the ocean water with were made to the EPA during this Harbour 111 91 period, the same number reported the installation of the low flow Clontarf 11 1 in the previous period. pipes. Phytoplankton integrate Fisher Bay 18 Nil environmental factors such as Pickering Council has a public register light, temperature and nutrients, Point 56 2 available listing all the clean-up with excess phytoplankton Powder and pollution prevention notices production resulting in Hulk Bay 105 Nil which have been issued in the eutrophication with fluctuating Sandy Bay 24 70 Manly Council area. dissolved oxygen levels and Seaforth 56 1 The Sydney Ports Corporation possible decay of organic matter reported that three pollution and death of estuarine organisms. TOTAL 501 174 incidences occurred in the Manly LGA during the reporting period. There are two marinas located at Two incidents occurred at Manly Clontarf and Fairlight, and 6 Wharf and were the result of lube slipway facilities—one at Clontarf pipes on the gang-way rupturing. Marina, and 5 in North Harbour— These were both quickly boomed 2 at Davis Marina and 3 at Manly off and repaired. The other incident Boatshed. (Data supplied by NSW was due to a boat sinking. It was Waterways Authority, 2000) similarly contained with little impact.
34 The North Harbour area is far As a condition of consent, a 2.4.9 Dams, Creek & removed from its natural state. detailed photographic record of Ground Water Like the rest of Sydney Harbour, it sea-grass species and leaf density Extraction is subject to repetitive artificial under and adjacent to the wave action from ferries and other development must be provided to Dams and weirs alter the craft, which is regular enough to New South Wales Fisheries. This environmental flow of creeks and change the natural conditions information shall be provided prior rivers, including the velocity and significantly. to construction of the ramp and at amount of water in the waterway. twelve (12) months, twenty four The Manly LGA has one weir Data gap: (24) months and thirty six (36) licensed for surface water Illegal release of boating vessel months after construction. The extraction with DLWC, located on liquid wastes. monitoring program along with Burnt Bridge Creek. This is any subsequent mitigation plan if associated with one licensed any seagrass loses are detected, is 80mm centrifugal pump with a 2.4.8.1 Expansion of pumping capacity of 13 l/s that Existing Boat to be approved by the New South irrigates an unregulated irrigation Shed, Storage and Wales Fisheries. Access Ramp— area of 10.50ha. Manly 16’ Skiff Manly Creek also has two Sailing Club and licensed 65mm centrifugal pumps Manly Yacht Club extracting water, with a pumping The Manly 16' Skiff Sailing Club capacity of 9 l/s that irrigates an and Manly Yacht Club submitted unregulated irrigation area of a DA seeking approval for the 28.50 ha. expansion of an existing boat Groundwaters provide the single shed, storage and access ramp in largest potential source of water Manly Cove. It is zoned as Manly in NSW with an estimated volume Local Environmental Plan, 1988— of about 5 billion megalitres, Open Space and is within the about 200 times more water than Foreshore Scenic Protection Area is stored in NSW dams (NSW EPA, and REP23—General Waterways. 1997). Many aquifers have low The existing boat shed is listed as rates of natural recharge an item of environmental heritage. compared with the volumes of As there was concern regarding groundwater stored, and must be the impact on aquatic fauna and carefully managed. Land use flora, the Application was within a catchment affects the reviewed by Council’s Scientific amount of water infiltrating to Advisory Panel. groundwater and can often lead to contamination. To minimise environmental Within the Manly LGA, there four impact, the Applicant agreed to active groundwater licenses amend the application by issued by the DLWC permitting removing the existing boat ramp water extraction, with no new to the north of the Manly Yacht licenses issued during the Club as compensation for the reporting period (Source: DLWC, request to widen the approved 2000). The rate of extraction is boat ramp located between the STEMS unknown. two clubs. As the existing ramp is required for use during The Sydney Water Sydney construction, a time limit of two Harbour and Northern Beaches (2) years has been imposed on the Geographic Area EIS (1998) noted removal of the existing ramp. groundwater contamination at Little Manly Point. Further, the applicant has also agreed that the ramp be Data gap: TIC SY constructed of timber supported 1. Rate of groundwater A by concrete or steel piers, as extraction opposed to the original design of 2. Rate of groundwater recharge U concrete. 3. Quality of groundwater. Q A 35 2.4.10 Flooding The Manly ocean embayment 2.4.13 Riparian stretches from Shelly Beach to the Modifications to the natural water Vegetation and entrance of Manly Lagoon at flow and reduced infiltration Seagrass Loss Queenscliff. For its entire length causes increased runoff and flow the shoreline is backed by a Past clearing of creekline velocity, and the potential of seawall and adjoining promenade vegetation combined with infilling, localised flooding in the lower which has isolated the dune poor building site management parts of the catchment. The system, resulting in the loss of the and land reclamation has led to increase of urban land clearing increased erosion and dune’s functions and processes of and impervious surface coverage continually capturing sand and sedimentation placing additional further exasperates this effect. replenishing the beach berm. pressures on the health of the creek systems. Flooding in the Manly Lagoon From time to time, parts of the wall floodplain, within the local Seagrass loss in Manly has have been subjected to attack by government areas of Manly and occurred due to sedimentation, storm waves and have suffered water pollution and human Warringah, has in the past caused damage. Consequently, over the activities causing physical damage considerable loss of property and years, approximately 20% of the damage to homes in the area. To to the plants. NSW Fisheries is original seawall length has been highly concerned about the address this, the sandspit rebuilt or substantially repaired apparent loss of seagrass beds in obstructing the Lagoon’s entrance (Patterson Britton & Partners Pty. the Manly area and Middle to the ocean is opened by Ltd.). On average a storm event Harbour. The distributions of these excavation before the lagoon has occurred once every twelve species may fluctuate according to height reaches 1.4m (water level years that was sufficient to erode natural as well as human measured at Queenscliff Bridge). some part of the embayment to an influences, and unlike strapweed Currently 38 commercial, extent that a length of the seawall (Posidonia sp), these species can industrial and public premises, became unstable and failed. The recolonise an area and can be and 77 residential buildings are resulting beach profile was narrow transplanted. An application for a flooded above floor level in the 1% and steep. permit must be made to cut, AEP (Annual Exceedance remove, damage or destroy marine Probability) flood. The average There a was significant series of vegetation, under Sections 204 to annual flood damage in the Manly storm events during 1999 leaving 205 of the Fisheries Management LGA is estimated at $270,000 with Manly Beach (and many New Act 1994. a potential damage bill of about South Wales beaches) exposed to $5.6 million in the 1% AEP flood the subsequent complex No licences have been issued by (Department of Land and Water interaction of oceanographic and NSW Fisheries to allow the Conservation, 1997). coastal processes. removal of live seagrass plants in the Manly LGA. However, The beach has recovered since commercial netting in the waters 2.4.11 Beach Erosion / completion of the remedial actions of North Harbour and Cabbage Shoreline and the beach is presently in good Tree Bay impacts on seagrass Recession condition, with the beach berm beds where haul netting activities increasing considerably. take place. The harbour netting Erosion is part of the natural occurs in the Middle Harbour response of a beach to changing waters, and is of concern around wave and water level conditions. 2.4.12 Rock Platform the Clontarf/Castle Rock area, and Generally, eroded sand is returned Biodiversity to a lesser extent around Little to shore and the beach is rebuilt Loss Manly Cove. during calmer periods of swell Natural processes are also waves. The communities of species on responsible for aquatic vegetation coastal rock platforms are subject loss. Council was issued a permit Large waves, elevated water to natural physical disturbances of to remove seagrass wrack (dead levels and strong onshore winds wave action and sunlight, and seagrass) from the local beaches. generated by a storm can cause human induced disturbances of As one of the conditions of the severe erosion to the beach berm. stormwater pollution, urban runoff permit, Council is required to Storm waves undercut the beach and also by the increasing inform NSW Fisheries of the berm and frontal dune to form a pressures of human harvesting. estimated volumes of wrack pronounced erosion escarpment. This leads to a decrease in species removed from the beach, returned Buildings and facilities located diversity and reduction in the size to the sea and left on the beach. within the ‘active’ beach system, of individuals. or area subject to erosion, will be Data gap: undermined, and if not designed Extent of riparian vegetation and for this hazard, may collapse. seagrass loss within Manly LGA. 36 2.4.14 Aquatic Weeds depth of soil disturbance, and the Overall, a very high proportion of depth of occurrence of PASS the spilt oil was recovered. An In Manly, only Burnt Bridge creek materials; therefore, estimated 120 - 150 tonnes of oil remains in a relatively natural environmental risk is dependant was lost through evaporation and state. Our other aquatic systems upon the type of landuse activity of the remaining oil 90% was suffer from water weed and where it is carried out. recovered. 18 recommendations infestation, restricting flow and have been made in response to disrupting natural oxygen the incident, mostly of an concentrations in the water which 2.4.16 Oil Spills operational nature. can starve the creek system of During the construction works at dissolved oxygen and lead to fish This oil spill had the potential to the Manly Wharf Interchange, the kills. impact on Manly’s aquatic underground fuel storage tanks environments and on the used by Sydney Ferries under the endangered little penguin Manly Wharf Forecourt were 2.4.15 Potential Acid population, had it not been found to be corroded and leaking Sulphate Soils adequately contained. into the soil and harbour. The creation of Potential Acid Information from Graeme Edgely, The defective underground Sulphate Soils (PASS) occurred Sydney Ports Corporation storage tanks were removed and many years ago, in most cases (August, 2000) and the Response replaced with modern safe tanks from the infilling of wetland areas. to the Laura D’Amato oil spill, and the contaminated soil was While they remain buried, they Incident Analysis Team, April, removed and disposed in a safe pose no immediate environmental 2000. threat. ASS develop when water- manner. saturated soils with a high iron sulphide content are disturbed One major oil spill occurred in 2.4.17 Ballast Water Sydney Harbour during the and exposed to oxygen resulting Contamination in the production of ferrous reporting period. On 3 August, sulphate and sulphuric acid. This 2000, the Laura D’Amato , a 96 With the Manly LGA containing may occur due to dredging, 121 DWT Italian registered oil part of the international shipping draining or excavation. The acid tanker, was berthed alongside at lane of Sydney Harbour, our produced is toxic and causes the Shell Gore Bay terminal in adjoining marine waterways are severe degradation of estuaries, Sydney discharging its cargo of at risk to the accidental fish kills and contributes to Murban light crude oil. Between introduction of alien marine corrosion of steel and concrete 6.26pm and 6.50pm an estimated species to our marine structures. It also mobilises heavy 250 to 300 tonnes of cargo was environment. Many organisms metals such as aluminium and pumped into Sydney Harbour from from fish to micro-organisms, are iron from the sediment, making the ship through an open sea known to be spread in ballast then bioavailable, and can impact valve system. These sea valves water, and are transferred upon flora and fauna. are normally closed. This was the between regions, countries and largest ship sourced oil spill in continents. Toxic species of There are 7 areas in the Manly Sydney Harbour. dinoflagellates may be eaten by LGA which have high acid shellfish and result in food The prevailing conditions of a sulphate potential, and 3 areas poisoning and human fatalities. with low potential, as indicated southerly wind and flood tide confined the majority of the oil to on Map AQ3, page 38, (identified Data gap: Gore Cove and Balls Head Bay, from Naylor, 1997). The bottom Species introduced into the Manly
thus restricting the movement of STEMS sediments within the whole LGA marine environment through the oil through the Harbour. harbour, including North Harbour ballast water contamination. and Middle Harbour, are Rapid reaction by the Sydney considered high risk for acid Ports Corporation duty sulphate soil potential. Similarly, operational crew and the Shell high risk potential exists for Gore Bay terminal staff had the Manly Lagoon at or near ground vessel surrounded by boom by surface to a depth of three metres 7.10pm, thereby minimising the below surface sediments. TIC SY spread of oil. The potential for environmental A risk from a particular landuse U activity will cause any
acidification hazard in an area by Q exposing PASS will depend on the A 37 South Pacific Ocean
Manly Beach
Manly Cove
Middle Harbour
North Harbour
Grotto Pt N LEGEND: Class1 Any works
Class 2 Works below the ground surface; works by which the watertable is likely to be lowered. Class 3 Works beyond 1 metre below the natural ground surface; Works by which the watertable is likely to be lowered beyond 1 metre below the natural ground surface. Class 4 Works beyond 2 metres below the natural ground surface; works by which the watertable is likely to be lowered beyond 2 metres below the natural surface. Class 5 Works within 500 metres of adjacent class 1, 2, 3 or 4 land which are likely to lower the watertable below 1 metre in class 1, 2, 3 or 4.
SOURCE: Manly Council LEP Amend. No. 34
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP AQ3 SCALE: NTS ACID SULPHATE SOILS PLAN 38 2.4.18 Impacts of 2.5 RESPONSE 2.5.2 On the Ground Climate Change TO THESE Activities The consensus of scientific PRESSURES 2.5.2.1 Water opinion is that the Enhanced Conservation Greenhouse Effect will result in a 2.5.1 Review of Programme number of changes, including a Water Quality world wide sea level (eustatic) Water Conservation Programme is rise, and a change of temperature, Monitoring a Council initiative established to rainfall, wind and wave climates. Progress advance the water conservation message by installing water Water quality monitoring is being A sea level rise of between 0.5 efficient devices in Council public addressed on two levels: the and 1.5m is expected by the year facilities. A target of a 50% Community level (Streamwatch 2100 (NSW Government 1990). It reduction by 2005 has been program) and the State Agency is anticipated that the shoreline adopted. level. Various other agencies are would move landwards because involved such as Beachwatch and of inundation due to increased sea Implementation for 1999/2000 has Manly Hydraulics Laboratory who levels and any changes to the focused on: monitor Manly Lagoon on a 24 direction of wave attack. The hour basis. John Laxton, a m the retrofit of Ocean extent of sea level rise, associated consultant engaged by Manly and Beachfront facilities— changes in weather patterns and Warringah Councils to conduct Queenscliff to Shelly Beach (in major storm events are still highly regular water quality monitoring, association with Sydney debated. is also continuing monitoring. Water) m irrigation in Council reserves Data gap: The data being used for the model reviewed for efficiency Impact of climate change on is NATA certified and will be m all new facilities, upgrades Manly LGA. supplied by Sydney Water, MHL and designs integrate water and AWT who are carrying out conservation devices modelling in Burnt Bridge Creek m awareness training. and Manly Lagoon. Macquarie University is responsible for the A saving of $48,904 has been development of the Model from made since February 1999 (based the data base. While not NATA on the 1997/8 expenditure certified, Streamwatch data will figures). It should be noted that a provide information as to trends price rise of five cents/kL in water quality, and is an occurred in November 1999. important education tool for Council has recovered its invested schools. funds in a pay back period of just over one year.
A reinvestment plan has been adopted to reinvested all annual savings into further stages of the water conservation programme. Further stages of the programme are: STEMS m Clontarf Reserve public facilities m Manly Andrew ‘Boy’ Charlton Swim Centre.
By investing all savings made from the Water Conservation
Programme into further water TIC SY conservation initiatives, Council is
Olympic water polo Gold Medalist Debbie Watson reducing water costs A tries out a new water efficient shower. considerably. U Picture courtesy of Northern Beaches Weekender Q A 39 2.5.2.2 Low Flow Pipes Projects carried out in 1999–2000 2.5.2.4 Interim Infiltration/ Launch include: Exfiltration The Manly Lagoon Low Flow Programme in Pipes were officially opened by m completion of the Low Flow Allambie/Manly the Mayor of Manly, Jean Hay AM Pipes Project Vale and Burnt and the Mayor of Warringah, m improved lagoon entrance Bridge Creek by Councillor Peter Moxham on breakout management, Sydney Water Saturday 4 December 1999 at the through the production of These project areas were selected Queenscliff Amateur Swimming Draft Emergency Flooding to address concerns that the Club. The launch was held to Procedures for Manly Lagoon Sydney Water sewerage system mark the completion of m improved flood warning was impacting water quality in engineering works comprising 50 capability by installation of an Manly Lagoon through dry metres of new extensions to ‘low alarm at the Riverview Parade weather leakage and wet weather flow’ pipes from Manly Lagoon to water level gauge overflows. The projects have increase tidal ‘flushing’ of m upgrade of the Lagoon Watch involved investigation of the pollutants from the Project sewage system contributing to environmentally stressed m Manly Golf Club Wetland Plan Burnt Bridge Creek and Manly waterway. of Management, October 1999 Creek upstream of Manly Golf course. The launch was attended by 50 m Manly Lagoon Proposed guests, including the Warringah Rehabilitation Works The extent and nature of and Manly community, state Background Paper. infiltration/exfiltration throughout government organisations, state m Gross Pollutant Traps in the the catchment, is identified using members of parliament, Manly Manly Local Government that detailed water quality sampling, and Warringah Councillors and flow directly into Manly sewer flow gauging data and members of the Manly Lagoon lagoon or indirectly into Manly information on system Joint Estuary Floodplain Lagoon via Burnt Bridge performance from system Management Committee. Creek: operators. - two on Pittwater Road 2.5.2. Progress Update - two Net Techs on More detailed investigations are on implementation Balgowlah Road carried out using closed circuit TV (CCTV), smoke testing properties, of Manly Lagoon - one on Burnt Bridge Creek a detailed inspection of all access Estuary - one on Quirk Road, Management Plan chambers, root cutting and line Balgowlah and Manly Lagoon cleaning. Rehabilitation of Floodplain - one proposed on Manly identified defects is carried using Management Plan Golf Course (Construction lining for structural faults and planned for next month) The Manly Lagoon Estuary grout for non-structural faults, m support for the Burnt Bridge Management Plan and Floodplain access chamber sealing and other Creek Program. Management Plan provide an repairs necessary to seal leaks. ‘integrated, balanced, responsible and ecologically sustainable’ SewerFix Programme - Smoketesting Results system of management for both (Data provided by Sydney Water, 2000) the estuary and floodplain. CATCHMENT No. DEFECTS* COMPLIANCE NON- NET Properties AFTER COMPLIANCE COMPLIANCE The primary function of the Manly Tested TESTING AFTER TESTING No. % of No. % of No. % of Lagoon Joint Estuary Floodplain Properties Tested Properties Defect Properties Defect Properties Tested Management Committee With Properties Complied Properties Non - Properties Complied Properties Defects to Notice Complied (MLJEFMC) is to act as an advisory body, assisting with the Allambie/ management of Manly Lagoon. Manly Vale 2343 342 15% 322 94% 20 6% 2323 99% The MLJEFMC is responsible for monitoring the progress of the Burnt implementation of both Plans. Bridge 3393 877 26% 690 79% 187 21% 3206 94% Manly and Warringah Councils share the servicing Total 5736 1219 21% 1012 83% 207 17% 5529 96% responsibilities of the Committee * Defects are mainly direct connections and low gullies. Low gullies on a two yearly basis. Manly which have areas less than 10sqm draining to them are not Council is presently servicing the considered to a defect.Broken pipe sections are not assessed as Committee until July 2001. defects. ** Some Properties have more than one defect.
40 Sealing of private sewers up to Water and the Alliance meeting to act as habitat while the native the boundary trap to a maximum with community representatives vegetation is maturing. When this of $2000 also occurs. Further from diverse areas such as, is sufficient the remaining weeds sampling, hydrostatic testing and Surfriders Association, residents, are removed and those areas flow gauging data will be precinct committees and NPWS. replanted and left to regenerate. collected on completion of rehabilitation work to determine Sydney Water advise that the ii) Educational materials improvements (from Sydney characteristics and impacts of the To involve the community and Water, 2000). preferred option will determine develop a better understanding of whether a Review of total catchment management we Based on these investigations, Environmental Factors or an have produced materials that are approximately 75% of the sewers Environmental Impact Statement widely available together with have been selected for is required for the project. Once quarterly work updates. A rehabilitation including all the preferred option has been comprehensive interpretative Sydney Water assets, and private chosen, the Environmental Impact signage package has been sewers from the Sydney Water Assessment can begin. developed to increase the main to the first inspection awareness of visitors. opening where accessible and feasible. A total of 43 km of 2.5.3 Burnt Bridge iii) Green Corps. main sewers, 225 access Creek The Burnt Bridge Creek chambers and 1000 private Restoration Restoration secured a major sewers will be rehabilitated. project under the Federal At 30 June 2000 Allambie/Manly Grant funds Government Training scheme the Vale Project rehabilitation was Green Corps. The team of 17-21 40% complete and Burnt Bridge NHT $180,340 year olds trained and worked on rehabilitation was 20% complete. Rivercare $19,700 the creek for six months clearing Expected final completion dates Dept. of Agriculture $10,000 weeds and planting over 2500 are December 2000 and June native plants. 2001 respectively. The Burnt Bridge Creek rehabilitation works are guided by iv) Rapid Assessment Protocol for 2.5.2.5 Shelly Beach the Burnt Bridge Creek Urban Creeks Sewage Pump Restoration Management Plan Now known as the Manly Lagoon Station which was adopted by Council in Project, this project is a key The Shelly Beach Sewage Pump December, 1998. A full time component of an Integrated Station (SPS) is located on the coordinator oversees and Catchment Management project Manly Ocean Outfall Sewer facilitates the community input, that Council is undertaking in (MOOS). It provides for the provides training and educational relation to the restoration of diversion of dry weather sewage materials for residents and Burnt Bridge Creek. flows and a portion of wet schools. This position is funded weather flows from the MOOS to by the Natural Heritage Trust The Manly Lagoon Project was the North Head outfall. However (NHT) with the Living Creek completed with presentations during wet weather the MOOS Project. Currently there are five made in December 9, 1999 by must take some discharge. As volunteer groups working on the DLWC and UNSW that also well as the cliff face outfall at the creek with workdays held twice a provided additional information end of Bower Street the MOOS week. on the project study areas. Copies has an overflow pipe on Marine of DLWC’s report have been
A committee oversees the project STEMS Parade that discharges to supplied to the Burnt Bridge Cabbage Tree Bay. The MOOS and is made up of representatives Creek Working Party for their from Manly and Warringah system currently experiences information to assist in their Councils, State Government overflows approximately once management decision processes. every 2-3 months. Departments, Balgowlah Golf Club and the Community. The reports contained a written As part of the Northside Storage documentary on the creek at a Tunnel Project (NSSTP) the i) On-ground works particular point in time - a snap overflow frequency at Shelly Paid casual staff undertook 6000 shot. This identified soil erosion, TIC SY Beach is to be reduced. vegetation status, water quality,
hours of work on the Creek to A bank stability and identification of Community consultation for the progress and maintain the project. stormwater outlets, riffle zones, selection of a preferred option They remove weeds in a mosaic U was undertaken, with fashion leaving large stands of etc. The written documentary was
supported by layers of GIS maps Q representatives from Sydney Lantana and other dense weeds in hard copy and digital format, to A 41 assist in making informed vi) Student involvement 2.5.4 Memorandum decisions about particular natural All the local schools within the of resource issues in landuse catchment have been involved in Understandings management further up the various aspects of the project. Catchment and in the creek itself. Seaforth Primary School have 2.5.4.1 Manly Lagoon constructed a frog pond and This project is now being Joint Estuary/ regenerated an unused area of the Floodplain supported by a Streamwatch school that adjoins the creek. A Management programme that is undertaking student from the University of Committee chemical water quality monitoring Western Sydney is conducting a To proceed and make application at 15 sites along the creek. This study into the feasibility of a major for appropriate supplementary monitoring will be upgraded to wetland (1ha). include macro-invertebrate, grant funds, there was a need to have an understanding of the macrophytes and algae monitoring vii) Stormwater control as teachers are trained in commitment of the respective Gross pollutants entering the procedures by Sydney Water. In Councils to fund improvement creek from this predominantly addition to this to complement the programmes in current and future urban area have reduced the information and to further enhance years. The Memorandum of visual amenity of the creek. To decision making Council is Understanding (MOU) was an combat this in the short term funding, through its Environment attempt to provide a framework traps have been utilised. A Levy a Biomonitoring Assessment for future commitment of the number of devices are being of the creek, in the same sites. This respective Councils and therefore trialled including CDS, Ecosol, will be follows up again in 12 to facilitate forward planning. Net-tech, Boom and Trash Rack. months with funding provide by The basic premise behind the the stage 3 Stormwater Trust viii) Noxious weed control agreement is that each respective funds. In 1999–2000 target weeds Council will make approximately It has been recommended that included Toxicodendron the same financial commitment. DLWC carried out a further study succedaneum, Ludwigia Manly Council committed in 2003. This study will evaluate peruviana, Anredera cordifolia, $179,666 from its Environmental the change in Management Arundo donax, Parietaria judaica Levy funds in the 1999/2000 year practices especially in the riparian and Ricinus communis throughout and Warringah Council committed zones of the creek which have the creek corridor. $225,688. The scope of the works been substantial and supported by to be completed include: funding from Council’s m a major Gross Pollutant Trap Environment Levy and Natural on Brookvale Creek heritage Trust Funds for the past 3 (Warringah Council) years to undertake restoration of m environmental Impact Studies the creek. for the reaffirmation of Hinkler Island and the deepening and v) Erosion control selective dredging of the A grant from Rivercare has enabled Lagoon adjacent to Pittwater the council to prepare and Road bridge (Warringah implement a plan. This plan Council, Manly Council, addresses sites of severe erosion in Department Land and Water the upper reaches of the creek. Soft Conservation) engineering options have been m removal of Coral Trees (Manly incorporated throughout the plan Council) in keeping with the aims and objectives of the overall project. m carrying out the deepening under the Pittwater Road bridge and instruction of an additional water link to the south of Hinkler Island under Pittwater Road (Warringah Council, Manly Council, Department Land and Water Conservation)
42 m implementation of 2.5.4.3 Sydney Water 2.5.5 Planning improvement works at the Council and Sydney Water are the Instruments, Keirle Park Wetland key stakeholders for managing Policies and (Warringah Council, Manly various asset management and Council, Department Land and Management landuse matters, such as Plans Water Conservation). stormwater, water conservation and infrastructure. An MOU has The total funding for these 2.5.5.1 Adaptive been proposed to assist with projects, including anticipated Environmental establishing priorities and funding grant funds, is $1.5 Million. Assessment and by the two parties. Management (AEAM) Model 2.5.4.2 Manly Golf Club The Sydney Water and Manly and Manly Council (Macquarie Council Partnership have been University) Manly Golf Club and Council are regularly meeting to encourage This project is an element of jointly responsible for a number of discussion and co-operation in implementing a Water Cycle land management issues. An relation to various high priority Management program in the MOU has been prepared, as an issues. The basic premise behind Manly LGA, and is managed informal agreement, to assist with the agreement is that both Sydney through the Manly Council and enhancing the co-operation and Water and Manly Council agree to Sydney Water Partnership, constructive liaison between the undertake specific projects within supported by the MOU mentioned Golf Club and Council. a given timeframe. earlier. The Golf Club recognises that the m the activities that Manly The project is built within the wellbeing of the environment is Council has undertaken to frame work of sustainable vital and both organisations are implement are at various development with the objective to committed to working with the stages of completion. Council’s provide management with advice Manly Lagoon Joint Estuary / two Stormwater Plans are to be for the most ecologically Floodplain Management adopted by Council shortly. sustainable way of achieving Committee to improve the Stormwater education, water Primary Contact by 2010 and waterways through and around quality programs, Water aquatic ecosystem health by 2003 the Golf Course. The Club has just Conservation Program and the in Manly Lagoon, harbour, recently updated its Restoration of Burnt Bridge beaches and waterways. It will Environmental Management Creek are funded in the also identify the cost of the Polices and Practices. Environmental Levy 1999/2000 reparation of Manly Lagoon. m Sydney Water has undertaken The parties to the MOU also the Water Conservation Audit address the need for co-operation The project development is in and has committed to jointly and liaison in relation to land three stages: funding Water Conservation tenure and heritage matters. The Devices and an associated 1. An internal Council staff basic premise behind the informal education and promotion workshop (August, 2000) to agreement is that the parties will campaign identify the priorities, issues meet on a quarterly basis to m the Working Party has agreed and direction to be followed in discuss landuse matters, which that where appropriate third achieving primary contact by require close liaison. These parties will be invited to be a 2010 and aquatic ecosystem include: party to the Agreement where health by 2003. m Manly Golf Club Wetland it is considered desirable or 2. Workshop involving a broader (Keirle Park) necessary to give effect to the range of stake holders STEMS m Cemetery Creek desired outcomes (e.g. Roads including parties to the MOU m Streamwatch Access Protocol and Traffic Authority, (September 2000). m Land tenure matters (right of Environment Protection Both these workshops have access, etc.) Authority, etc.). been funded by the former m Matters of public and private Catchment Management The MOU will be reviewed on an concern arising from the Committees of Sydney annual basis and has a sunset above. Northern Beaches and Middle TIC SY clause of review and termination Harbour. By signing the MOU each party in 2010. 3. Modelling to address the A has committed to: sharing prioritised issues and to information, facilitating liaison and assess council’s management U co-operation to fulfil the purpose and policy decisions to provide
of the Agreement. The MOU is to Q ‘what if’ scenarios but no be reviewed on an annual basis.
solutions to problems A 43 identified. The cost of Lagoonwatch recommendations of 2.5.5.4 Cabbage Tree Bay reparation of the lagoon will incorporating the break out Draft Management also be identified and the routine and considering hydraulic, Plan & Supporting responsible bodies identified weather and oceans when Document along with the associated attempting to open the flood In mid 1999, Council costs. The model is yet to be channel. commissioned consultants funded. Funds are being Environment Resources pursued from various sources. The public can access Lagoon Management (ERM) to prepare watch at the following web the Cabbage Tree Bay Draft address, http:// 2.5.5.2 Draft Emergency Management Plan, supported marlin.mhl.nsw.gov.au/www/ Flooding with funding from the Natural lwmanly.html, which gives the Procedures for Heritage Trust ‘Coast and Clean user up to date information on Manly Lagoon Seas’ programme and Council’s rainfall and water level. Manly and Warringah Councils Environment Levy. have worked in cooperation to The study area extends to areas review the opening procedures for 2.5.5.3 Sydney Harbour Federation Trust beyond the care and control of Manly Lagoon and have produced Bill Manly Council, including those the associated Draft Emergency that relate to the land-water Flooding Procedures. The final Manly Council, along with interface. This provided an review is being undertaken by Mosman Council, the Defenders of opportunity to bring together the Manly Council in August/ Sydney Harbour and the Headland various government agencies September 2000. Preservation Group has been involved in the preparation of a involved andidentify strategies The draft procedures incorporate large number of suggested and actions for the future the principles of the Lagoonwatch amendments to the draft Sydney management of the area. It system, a system developed by Harbour Federation Trust Bill. looked at the following areas: Manly Hydraulics Laboratory These changes would bring the m aquatic biodiversity (MHL) in 1997 which comprises a draft Bill into line with current m conservation management suite of computer programs and planning practice and community field instrumentation linked expectations in regard to public m user groups and conflicts together to monitor and predict consultation and environmental m boating lagoon water levels. Since its planning in New South Wales. m Fairy Bower rock pool implementation, Manly and The draft Bill, with the m terrestrial flora and fauna Warringah Councils have been amendments as put forward by m water quality and stormwater jointly operating the system. the Councils and community m sand migration and grass During the April and August 1998 groups, has been passed by the interface storms, the State Emergency Senate and referred back to the m pollution Services used the Lagoonwatch House of Representatives for its m sewage pumping station system as a supporting tool to consideration. make appropriate emergency m cliff stability decisions. The current position is that many m heritage of the amendments requested and m access Since the Lagoonwatch system passed by the Senate may be m interpretation and signage. has been in operation, additional unacceptable to the Government requirements of the system have in the House of Representatives. Extensive consultation was been identified and led to The Minister for the Environment undertaken with user groups, agreement by the Councils and has advised that transfer of land community members and the DLWC, to improve the existing to Sydney Harbour National Park government agencies responsible system. is not acceptable and the for the Bay’s ongoing care and Government wishes to retain the management. Many issues, A break out routine developed by capacity to dispose of land in including some conflicts, were MHL is based on 0.6 m head order to finance remediation. identified between different user difference between lagoon and Another area which is of concern groups. The consultation process ocean for five hours and a lagoon is the amendment sought by the was further extended and a level between 1.0 and 1.4 m AHD, Council and community group to Conflict Resolution Workshop was and has been incorporated as a have the Federation Trust subject held in order to progress the feature in Lagoonwatch. The to State laws. The Minister for preparation of the management entrance opening decision-making the Environment has not agreed plan. process detailed in the Draft to this recommended amendment. Emergency Flooding Procedures for Manly Lagoon is based on the
44 The Draft Management Plan 2.5.5.5 Rainwater Tank 2.5.5.6 Middle Harbour and Supporting Document provides the Policy Northern Beaches framework for preparing the An Installation of Rainwater Stormwater Management Plans recommendations outlined in the Tanks Policy was prepared with action plan. It outlines the the aim of achieving a number of The EPA in April 1998 directed all background to the project and objectives including: NSW councils to prepare study area, guiding policies and Stormwater Management Plans on legislation, general agency m conservation a catchment by catchment basis. responsibilities and provides m recycling The purpose of the plans is to background information compiled m reduced run-off and provide a more effective from a literature review, which m sustainability. management of urban stormwater shows how the recommendations thereby contributing to were developed. The guidelines cover typical environmental protection. installations, general advice on Council has outlined a short term water quality, health and safety Stormwater Management and long term option. The short- aspects. A supplement is Committees were formed, one for term option being the adoption of included which addresses the Middle Harbour Catchment the proposed user zones and rainwater tanks and drinking and the other for the Northern management recommendations water. It is proposed rainwater Beaches Catchment. outlined in the plan. There is an tanks of up to 3000 litres be The Middle Harbour Catchment additional zone applied in considered as ‘exempt November to April to coincide with Management Committee was development’ in Manly LEP— represented by Ku-ring-gai, Manly, large fish spawning at this time of Amendment No. 34. year. There is a need for an Mosman, North Sydney, appropriate designation to ensure Water tanks of up to 3000 litres Warringah and Willoughby protection of existing values. must meet certain criteria, in Councils and other main terms of location and impact, to stakeholders. The Northern The long-term option is that a be considered an ‘exempt Beaches Catchment Management detailed study in conjunction with development’, otherwise they are Committee was represented by relevant agencies be undertaken subject to, as with tanks over Manly, Pittwater and Warringah which: 3000 litres, the normal approval Councils and other main process. stakeholders. m samples habitats and species over time Willing and Partners consulting m evaluates conservation engineers were engaged by significance Middle Harbour Stormwater m assess human impacts on the Management Committee and ecosystem and Patterson Britton and Partners Pty. m evaluate and assess the Ltd were engaged by Northern economic services provided by Beaches Catchment Stormwater significant components of the Management Committee to aquatic ecosystem (eg. Little prepare the plans. As an integral Penguins, Weedy Seadragon, part of the preparation of Blue Groper) to Manly and the Rainwater tank education Stormwater Management Plans, region. display at Stella Maris High community consultation meetings School Eco-Garden were conducted in order to obtain A launch for the Cabbage Tree Bay input from the wider community STEMS Draft Management Plan and Supporting Document was held on Both Stormwater Management Tuesday 4th July, 2000 at Le Kiosk, Plans were handed over to the Shelly Beach, to celebrate the EPA by 24 July 1999. Draft’s preparation. A celebratory The proposed management coffee mug was also developed for options in the implementation the occasion. The Draft was schedules for 1999/2000 financial endorsed by Council for a public year shall be funded from TIC SY exhibition period of six weeks. Stormwater Trust Grant and A Council’s Environment Levy
funds. A significant amount of U management options have already
been implemented through these Q funds. A 45 2.5.6 Studies 2.5.6.2 Defence Science 2.5.6.4 Sedimentation in and Technology Burnt Bridge Creek 2.5.6.1 Manly Ocean Organisation Kellie Naughton from UNSW (DSTO) Sonar Beach Seawall undertook a study entitled ‘The Mapping Protection Works Effects of Urbanisation on the During 1999, the Ocean Beach Defence Science and Technology Hydrology and Sedimentology of Seawall protection works Organisation (DSTO) has donated Burnt Bridge Creek’. The study constructed in 1998 were a mosaic underwater image of describes the nature and extent of continually exposed. Council Cabbage Tree Bay to Council. urbanisation impacts upon the approached both Manly This mosaic underwater image Manly Lagoon catchment, Hydraulics Laboratory and was created as part of DSTO’s focusing primarily on Brunt Patterson Britton and Partners to research in the Sydney area into Bridge Creek, and the effects of assist with an explanation of the Defence uses of advanced side- modifications to the natural events leading to the exposure, scan sonar, a technology which hydrology, sedimentology and monitor and advise what remedial can make near-photographic geochemistry were determined. action Council should take. images of the seabed using pulses of sound. Mosaic underwater The main findings included: The reports noted that it was images are an important resource removal of vegetation and spread likely that the observed erosion at for Council in the sustainable of impervious surfaces has Manly Beach was a result of a management of foreshore areas. resulted in increased peak series of storm events leaving discharges, with reduced lag Manly Beach in (and many New 2.5.6.3 Pilot Urban Stream times due to the construction of South Wales beaches) exposed to Assessment on extensive drainage systems; the subsequent complex Burnt Bridge Creek increased sedimentation rates interaction of oceanographic and due to construction activities, in DLWC trialled the departments’ coastal processes, most particular Burnt Bridge Creek ‘Stressed Rivers Assessment particularly that of sea level rise. Deviation road works, with high Method’ on Burnt Bridge Creek to heavy metal concentrations report on the current ecological In early 2000, Council associated mainly with the fine condition, provide tools to assist commissioned a review of the particles; and instances of severe in identifying areas for seawall protection works bank erosion, bed aggradation management actions, provide a undertaken in 1998. The report and weed infestation associated benchmark of stream condition was commissioned from Professor with areas of high disturbance. B.G. Thom, Chairman of the and enable broad comparisons Coastal Council of NSW, with between subcatchments. technical input from Manly Three assessment methods were Hydraulics Laboratory (MHL). undertaken: Whilst the reports differ on some m GIS mapping stream health points, they are common on the indicators and features for 19 general thrust that a Coastline stream reaches along the Management Committee has an creek essential role in bringing together m a riparian zone audit using the necessary advice, information, field sheets modified from the expertise and processes to Anderson Riverine Habitat effectively manage these complex Assessment Method issues. Its focus would initially be on interim measures then leading m snap shot (one off) water on to adoption of a long term quality sampling, carried out strategy and implementation plan. at six key sites. Council is currently engaged in discussion with DLWC to obtain funding to remediate the beach (remove most of the rock blanket) pursuant to Council’s resolution of 3rd July, 2000 and 28th August, 2000.
The beach is presently in good condition, with the beach berm increasing considerably.
46 2.5.7 Funding 2.5.7.2 Environment Levy Projects (relevant to this chapter) For progress on each project, please see the Implementation chapter. 2.5.7.1 The Coastal Project Budget Target / Programme—DLWC Completion Date DLWC has agreed to provide 2. Manly Lagoon Wetland/ grant contributions for the Queenscliff Low Flow Pipes Total: $359,907 June 1999 development of a Coastline Management Plan at Forty 3. Sandy Bay Gross Pollutant Traps Total: $143,203 Baskets and the concept and Grant: $70,000 June 1998 design for the re-construction of 7. Seaforth Runoff Control Study Total: $5,000 June 1998 the damaged seawall at Forty • Implementation Total: $68,810 Baskets. The contributions from Grant: $38,810 Sept 2000 DLWC for this project are $37,750. • Education Total: $10,000 Sept 2000 • Perimetre Bushland Control Total: $47,000 June 2001 The DLWC is also contributing to funding the development of a 8. Tania Park Runoff Control Study Coastline Management Plan at • Stormwater Control Total: $3,423 June 1998 • Bushcare Total: $13,000 Little Manly Cove. The contributions to this project are 9. Manly Dam Catchment $15,000. • Bantry Reserve Total: $19,401 Grant: $14,876 Dec 1999 Council is to support this funding • Manly Dam Valve Total: $51,250 on a dollar for dollar basis with Grant:$19,000 June 2001 funding budgeted for in the 1999/ 10. Water Quality Control Equipment Total: $15,000 Dec 1997 2000 Environmental Levy*. 11. Cabbage Tree Bay Management The development of the Coastline • Draft preparation Total: $60,000 June 2000 Management plans require the Grant: $30,000 (stage 1) creation of steering committees • Study Implementation Total: $20,000 June 2001 and extensive community (stage 2) consultation to assist in the 12. Wetlands Flood Management Total: $95,750 June 1999 development of these plans, Program Grant: $17500 which provides the opportunity • Implementation Total: $40,000 for community participation from • Catchment water quality monitoring Total: $50,000 these relative geographical 13. Sydney Harbour Gross Pollutant Traps Total: $240,000 June 2001 locations. 14. Ocean Beach Gross Pollutant Traps -
15. Manly Lagoon Gross Pollutant Traps • Construction Total: $270,190 Grant:$80,190 June 2001 • Education Total: $11,000 Sept 2000
16. Forty Baskets Beach • Coastal Management Plan development Total: $30,000 Grant: $15,000 June 2001 • Detail design of seawall Total: $37,500 Grant: $18750
• Implementation of Mgt. Plan STEMS • Construction of Seawall Total: $120,000 • Erosion Control at Gourley Ave
17. Construction of Stormwater Devices Total: $224,000 June 2001
18. Pilot Street Sweeping project-attached to the EA Stormwater Project June 2001
19. Little Manly Cove TIC SY • Coastal Management Plan and seawall Total: $30,000 June 2001
Grant: $15,000 A
21. Catchment Water Cycle Model Project Total: $20,000 June 2000 U Grant: $10,000
22. Water Conservation Programme Total: $30,000 Q Grant:$20,000 August 2000 A 47 2.5.8 Committee 2.5.9 Education 2.5.9.2 Threatened Updates Initiatives Species The MEC has continued its work 2.5.8.1 Catchment 2.5.9.1 Environmental with the Recovery Teams for the Management Audit Programme Little Penguins. Committees Following one year operating On 31 May 2000, DLWC under the new environmental National Threatened Species Day established 18 new Catchment protection legislation, Council’s was celebrated with a display on Management Boards to replace 43 Environmental Audit Program is The Corso. The display included of the 45 catchment management under review. The review is the Bushcare Trailer and Manly’s committees and the five regional intended to achieve a greater threatened species, including the catchment committees. Catchment balance between educational and marine species of Weedy Sea Management Boards are a new regulatory aspects of the Dragon, Elegant Wrasse, Black and deemed stronger system of program. In this regard, Council Rock Cod and Grey Nurse Shark. catchment management which staff will be accompanying concentrates community, industry Environmental Auditors in other 2.5.9.3 EPA Stormwater and government efforts on Council’s in the Metropolitan area Grants for Seaforth managing our land, water, where the balance is working Oval and Manly vegetation and other natural very effectively. This will Lagoon— resources. They are established produce: Stormwater under the Catchment Management Pollution Reduction Act 1989, and have representation m informed & educated Project employees and managers who from the community, industry and The MEC is conducting the can then implement best government. education component of the management practices in local Seaforth Oval and Manly Lagoon Hence the Sydney Northern industries Stormwater Grants. Beaches and Middle Harbour m a program which is consistent Catchment Management with other local authorities in Education materials are being Committees have been adsorbed the region prepared, community workshops into the much larger Sydney m a reduction in the number of have been held and many events Harbour Catchment Management pollution incidents in the are planned. A Keep the Board. The more regional focus of industrial area. Catchment Clean Poster the new Board is of concern to Competition involved Manly West Manly community members, The new audit program will also School and Fairlight Shopping especially with regard to the be boosted with the employment Centre. Staffed displays at Totem important environmental projects of an Industrial Stormwater Shopping Centre, Manly Corso, and initiatives both CMCs were Educator. The new position is Warringah Mall, Balgowlah engaged in during their terms. funded by the NSW Government’s Seaforth RSL generated much Stormwater Trust Stage 3 interest. 2.5.8.2 Northern Beaches Stormwater Grants Program. The Community Industrial Stormwater Educator 2.5.9.3 Ocean Care Day Landcare Inc. will focus on tailored packages for In reflection of the strong industries in the Balgowlah The seventh Ocean Care Day was community network of the now Industrial Estate. Educational held at Manly Cove with a Weedy defunct Sydney Northern Beaches strategies will be based on Best Sea Dragon theme. A parade CMC, the past Committee and Management Practices for each down the Corso included the enthusiastic supporting type of industry—including Rainbow Dragon from Manly community members have banded Council run operations. Village School, the St. George together to continue the successful Dragon and George the Giant Fish localised projects by forming the The new program should achieve from the Georges River. Northern Beaches Community an overall improvement in Artists involved the community in Landcare Inc. The Group holds a industrial practices and minimise dragon theme sandsculpting, similar representation as the past local environmental impacts as a chalkart and mural painting. Committee, and has a landcare/ result. There were many hands on TCM focus, with the immediate displays of fish and frogs and focus of the Greenlink project. The games about stormwater. Divers Group has strong support from the cleaned up the harbour bottom Greenlink Stakeholders, other and searched for weedy sea community groups, Councils on dragons, one of the eleven the Peninsula, influential protected fish species in NSW. politicians and others.
48 Dragon search in Manly waters Waste-saver kits developed by the found 26 Weedy Sea Dragons, the Northern Sydney Waste Board second highest count in the state. were promoted to a variety of businesses. 2.5.9.4 Manly Lagoon Water Quality v) Winners for Weedbusters Week Monitoring and Manly West School students won Restoration Project the Department of Agriculture Weedbusters Competition i) Streamwatch A joint water quality monitoring vi) Green Holiday Program initiative started in April, A free holiday program offered involving Sydney Water’s people of all ages the chance to Streamwatch, the Centre, take part in a range of activities, Balgowlah Boys High School, Tony Abbott MP welcomes including water quality testing, Green Corp to Burnt Bridge Stella Maris College and tree planting, drain stencilling, Creek Mackellar High School . coastal walking and weed hunting. The program took place ii) Rehabilitation at Keirle Park. Many volunteer hours have gone into removing weeds around the vi) ‘Trashed’ Programme lagoon and replanting with native Skaters, the Youth Centre, Manly species. This has been assisted Blades and the MEC joined by members of the Help Program, forces to reduce litter at the skate Green Corp., schools, senior bowl with a major skateboarding citizens, skateboarders and competition called ‘Trashed’. seventy visiting Japanese Participants skated a particular students. course, picking up the litter and throwing it in a specially iii) Education designed bin. It is part of an Staffed displays were part of overall scheme to breath life back World Water Day, the Pollution into the Manly bowl and it is Prevention Expo, and Heritage hoped skaters will take the lead in Week. helping to keep the area clean. New bins and seats have been iv) Education Package for the Seaforth Primary School put in place and local skaters Motor Industry planting at Burnt Bridge have painted graffiti art on the Creek 30 kits have been prepared and bowl. delivered to local businesses. The kits include seven stickers about best environmental practice, a detailed self-assessment checklist and a variety of publications/ information.
2.6 RECOMMENDATIONS STEMS FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN m review Gross Pollutant Traps and devices with regard to the maintenance schedule m allocate appropriate resources for sediment control and its enforcement m use the Adaptive Environmental Management and Assessment Model as a tool for the holistic management of Manly Lagoon TIC SY
and catchment A m adoption of Cabbage Tree Bay Management Plan which places
an emphasis on clear and achievable management strategies to U conserve and protect the natural environment. Poster of the major
skateboarding competition Q —‘Trashed’ A 49 2.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Comments Reference
AQ1.2 Education of water conservation PDE, M, M Completed Sydney Water “Every Drop CI Counts” programme promoted. Brochures on mulching, native gardens and water tanks.
AQ1.3 Assist and encourage industrial and CI M M Initiated MEC and Council applying for commercial businesses to undertake EPA grant. Staff conducting voluntary environmental audits, education campaign with including the issue of water motor industry. conservation.
AQ2.1 Water audit of Council buildings AMC S, M Initiated Beachfront (Stage 1) competition est. Aug. 2000. Report to Council on programme progress July 2000.
AQ2.2 Develop practices in response to AMC S, M Initiated Completion expected August water audit 2000. Then Stage two to proceed with savings gained from Stage 1.
AQ2.3 Review irrigation practices AMC S, M Initiated Clontarf Reserve and Shelly Beach reviewed and appropriate measures taken.
AQ2.4 Investigate rainwater harvesting as an PDE M, M Initiated An Environmental Australia alternative to groundwater irrigation grant application has recently been submitted (for project reported last quarter). Results of the application will be available in the coming months.
AQ3 Rainwater Tank Policy PDE S, M Completed Adopted by Council 18th October, 1999.
AQ4 Promotion of water conservation CI S, M Completed Sydney Water “Every Drop initiatives Counts” programme launched, highlighting water conserv- ation. Provisions included in Residential DCP draft.
AQ7 Stormwater Management Plans PDE S, H Completed Plans completed. Two grant applications were lodged under stage III grant. One end of line trap @ Manly Golf Course is in progress. Further investigations are being carried out regarding best structural options for individual cases. For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. 50 Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Comments Reference
AQ10 Work with the EPA, CMCs and PDE S H Initiated Sydney Water and Council are Sydney Water to eliminate sewer continuing work together to overflows through upgrading existing reduce overflows through systems. various programmes - infiltration/exfiltration programme in the Manly catchment, redesign of the Shelly Beach pumping station.
AQ11.1 Liaise with Sydney Water to identify PDE O H Initiated. Illegal connections are problems such as illegal connections. gradually reduced, with further follow up work to be forthcoming by Sydney Water.
AQ13 Discourage and educated re. fishing CI O H Completed Meeting held with Government around Little Penguin habitat Departments, experts, stakeholders to scope problem.
AQ17 Reduce boating impact on the marine CI O H Initiated Grant successful for Little environment through education. Penguins
AQ20.1 Water quality monitoring program PDE S H Initiated Streamwatch programme will continue in 2000/01. Modelling project continuing.
AQ20.3 Prevent further erosion of creek AMC M M Initiated Currently happening on Burnt banks. Bridge Creek. Greencorps have undertaken minor stormwater alleviation work, revegetation and erosion control of riparian banks.
AQ22.5 Become involved in community CI O H Completed Schools and MEC conducting streamwatch tests on same day. Continuing 2000/01.
AQ24 Use GIS to combine an inventory of PDE S H Initiated - Drainage data collection in landuses, drainage assets and water new financial year. quality information - Acid Sulphate Soils and Environmentally Sensitive STEMS Areas gazetted. LEP consolidated zoning Section 54 sent to DUAP. - Burnt Bridge Creek UNSW & DLWC information completed. - Properties data matching is being incorporated with the GIS database to facilitate high level of accuracy with Section TIC SY
149. A
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. U Q A 51 Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Comments Reference
AQ26.7 Establish “Friends of Lagoon“groups CI M M Initiated “Adopt -a-Creek” programme being implemented with students and companies in line with Living Creeks project.
AQ27 Retention and rehabilitation of AMC M, H Initiated Council is applying for funding wetlands. to construct wetlands at Witches Glen to capture sediment and reduce nutrients entering Manly Lagoon.
AQ27.4 Coordinate local frogwatch groups CI S, M Initiated Frogs and Tadpoles Society information promoted at MEC. Brochure on building frog ponds.
AQ27.5 Encourage residents to report to CI O M Initiated Bandicoot / penguin Manly Environment Centre any native information night planned. fauna sightings using wetlands and waterways and undertake research surveys.
AQ29 Identify potential re-users of CI / Ongoing Initiated A reuse option for stormwater stormwater. AMC runoff is proposed for Seaforth Oval.
AQ37.2 Review Council cleaning products WC S H Initiated Awaiting a list of products from Cleansing Coordinator to enable preparation of list.
AQ42 Continue to provide free indigenous AMC O H Completed The annual free plant giveaway plants to residents to encourage the is supported by an “Information removal of impervious surfaces. trailer”.
AQ45.1 Educates about catchments and their CI S H Initiated Catchment Liaison Officer’s significance in a local, regional and role. Catchment model national context with CMCs complete. Northern Beaches Environment Network provides regional approach, starting with World Environment Day launch.
AQ45.2 Increase the awareness of the CI S H Initiated EPA Stormwater Grant Keirle significance of wetlands on both Park Wetland underway. public and private lands “Trashed” programme held at skateboard ramp.
AQ45.3 Educate the community on nutrient CI S H Initiated EPA Stormwater Grant Keirle enrichment problems in conjunction Park and Seaforth Oval with CMCs projects underway. Once community workshop held. Precinct and community groups workshop held. For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
52 Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Comments Reference
AQ45.4 Educate difference between CI S M Initiated Talks to Precincts undertaken stormwater and sewerage by MEC. infrastructure.
AQ46 Continue drain stencilling programs CI Ongoing Initiated Ongoing.
AQ47 Support local water quality monitoring CI Ongoing Complete Ongoing. Data on Streamwatch programs. website. Complete.
AQ48 Erect interpretative signs along the PDE S, M Initiated These are preferred lagoon and other areas identified to management options educate people about the different committed to in a National ecosystems and inform them of their Heritage Trust grant for Burnt value to our environment. Investigate Bridge Creek. Other signage boardwalk opportunities. has been placed that explains the objective of the environment levy in targeted areas - mainly associated with end of pipe solutions.
AQ49 Further extend kcc program by CI Ongoing Initiated Living Creeks programme introducing MOUs between peak commenced involving schools industry bodies and Council. and local companies. Ongoing.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. STEMS TIC SY A U Q A 53 54 Biodiversity
iodiversity is defined as the variety of life forms: the different Bplants, animals and micro-organisms, the genes they contain, and the ecosystems they form. It is usually considered at four levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and community diversity.
3.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Classified area of SEPP 19 (Bushland 25.31ha 25.31ha 25.31ha 25.31ha - in Urban Areas)
Number of trees approved for removal 287 216 498 465 è under the Tree Preservation Order. 45 refused 126 refused 140 refused
Number of vulnerable and 11 vulnerable 6 endangered No change 7 endangered questionable endangered species and populations 2 endangered 30 vulnerable 30 vulnerable listed under the Threatened Species populations Conservation Act in the Manly LGA. 2 endangered 2 endangered populations populations
Number of new native plantings 12,500 12,000 14,000 è within the Manly LGA (includes bush restoration sites)
Number of companion animal 2100 2200 1953 - registrations in the LGA
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability
3.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m to conserve and enhance the integrity and diversity of the indigenous flora and fauna, and their ecosystems m to achieve community awareness and assistance through education and participation for the conservation of Manly’s biodiversity. BIODIVERSITY 55 3.2 COMMUNITY 3.3 STATE OF patterns of Manly. Steeper slopes PERCEPTIONS OUR drain more quickly than gentler slopes, more sunlight is received Major issues of concern identified BIODIVERSITY on north and west facing slopes at the 2000 SoE community and deeper soils accumulate workshop included: 3.3.1 Flora downslope. Different communities of plants have m the impact of tourists Within the 47 reserves that are adapted to the differing m uncontrolled dogs and cats, owned and managed by Council, environmental conditions. For and feral animals impacting there are 29 hectares of remnant example: rainforest species occur on fauna populations bushland. In addition, within the in the southern slopes along the LGA is 269ha of National Park m power line impact on the tree Manly Scenic Walkway and canopy and 70ha of Crown land. hanging swamps occur at North Approximately 90% is degraded m weed infestation. Head and adjacent to Bantry Oval to some extent due to human at Seaforth. The workshop identified: activities (Manly Council 1997). Other areas of remnant bushland The Hawkesbury Sandstone m bush regeneration being occur in roadside reserves and woodland and coastal heath are undertaken by Council private property. the primary vegetation types through the environment levy evident in the Manly LGA (Manly and grant funding Two plant species are listed as Council, 1998b). Dominant m education programmes being Endangered (Schedule 1, part 1) sandstone woodland canopy and four plant species are listed delivered by the Manly species include Angophora as Vulnerable (Schedule 2) on the Environment Centre. costata (Sydney red gum), Threatened Species Conservation Eucalyptus piperita (Sydney as having great benefit to the Act, 1995 (sightings recorded by peppermint), and Corymbia community and environment. NSW NPWS on the Atlas of NSW gummifera (Red bloodwood). Wildlife). Recommendations made by the Associated woodland species workshop include: Endangered Species (Schedule 1, include Allocasuarina distyla and Allocasuarina littoralis, as well as part 1): Acacia bynoeana, Acacia m the need for an Approved a large variety of understorey terminalis ssp terminalis Plant Species List shrubs and grasses. m feral animal eradication Vulnerable Species (Schedule 2): Coastal heathland communities programmes Eucalyptus camfieldii, Syzygium feature Banksia integrifolia m a comprehensive companion paniculatum, Caladenia fessellata (Coastal banksia), Allocasuarina animal impact on biodiversity and Tetratheca glandulosa. distyla, Westringia fruticosa, education programme. A rare Tetratheca glandulosa was Baeckea imbricata, sighted in Griffiths Street, Leptospermum laevigatum, Fairlight by Energy Australia, and Correa alba, with Hakea and a rare wetland herb Lilaeopsis Pultenaea as the dominant polyanthus was recorded on species. Over 750 species have Manly Golf Course. Also, Council been recorded as occurring in the bush regeneration staff located coastal heaths of Sydney (Manly Leucopogon amplexicaulis in the Council 1998b). bushland near Dalwood Homes along Gurney Crescent, Seaforth. The rainforest patches found in Manly are tree dominated According to Fairley and Moore communities with little native (1989) Native Plants of the Sydney District, understorey because of a lack of light penetrating to this level. “...although it may be locally Dominant tree species include common, it is regarded as a Ceratopetalum apetalum plant at risk of extinction (Coachwood), Elaeocarpus because of its small reticulatus (Blueberry ash), populations and restricted Acmena smithii (Lily pily), distributions”. Callicoma serratifolia (Black wattle) and Livistona australis The topography of Manly’s (Cabbage tree palm). Hanging landscape and the resultant swamps in the area also feature a differing moisture levels high degree of floral diversity. influences the vegetation Some of these species include 56 Allocasuarina distyla, Burnt Bridge Creek (sites located (Schedule 1 part 1) (note that one Allocasuarina littoralis, Acacia throughout the entire length ie species has not been seen for over ulicifolia, Angophora hispida, Clontarf St to Manly Lagoon) a century) and 23 species listed as Eucalyptus haemastoma, Kunzea vulnerable (Schedule 2) (sightings ambigua, Leptospermum sp., Manly Scenic Walkway (from recorded by NSW NPWS on the Melaleuca armillaris and Esplanade Park by Art Gallery) to Atlas of NSW Wildlife). Melaleuca quinquinervia. Spit Bridge (including Fisher Bay, Forty Baskets, Castle Rock to Endangered Species Apart from its panoramic views Clontarf, Mitchell Walk and (Schedule 1, part 1): and aeolian sand dunes, North Ellery’s Punt). m Gould’s petrel (Pterodroma Head also has special significance leuoptera) (last recorded 1991) as a place of natural heritage, as North Harbour Reserve, North m Wandering albatross it has a high level of plant Harbour (Diomedea exulans) (last community diversity. Shelly Beach Headland. recorded 1985) m Beach Stone-curlew (Esacus Benson and Howell have Data gap: neglectus) (last recorded 1985) identified Sydney’s regional vegetation and have 1. Comprehensive species lists m Little tern (Sterna albittrons) identified 4 broad vegetation of each reserve. This has been (last recorded 1991). types within the Manly LGA identified as a project for m Regent Honeyeater (refer to Map B1), as identified from 2000/01. “The natural vegetation of the (Xanthomyza phrygia) (last Sydney 1:100 000 map sheet” 2. Lack of knowledge of recorded 1859) Benson, D. and Howell, J. (1994) bushland on private properties in Manly LGA. Vulnerable Species 21b Coastal Dune Heath (eg. 3. Accurate mapping at a scale (Schedule 2): coastal dunes, North Head) appropriate to management. m Giant burrowing frog on Pleistocene sand (Heleioporus australiacus) 3.3.2 Fauna m Red-crowned toadlet 21g Coastal Sandstone Heath (Pseudophryne australis) (eg. Coastal cliff edges) on The fragmentation of natural located among the sandstone Hawkesbury Sandstone bushland areas in Manly has heathland of Dobroyd Head reduced the viability of habitat in and Tania Park 10ag Sydney Sandstone Gully many bushland reserves to m Green turtle (Chelonia mydas) Forest (eg. gully areas) on support populations of native m Little shearwater (Puffinus Hawkesbury Sandstone fauna. The bushland surrounding assimilus) Sydney Harbour is known to have m Shy albatross (Diomedea 10ar Sydney Sandstone once supported a diversity of Ridgetop Woodland (eg. St mammalian fauna including cauta) Patrick’s Estate) on wallabies, bandicoots, possums, m Black-browed albatross Hawkesbury Sandstone. quolls and echidnas, as well as a (Diomedea melanophrys) variety of reptiles, amphibians m Sooty albatross (Phoebetria 3.3.1.1 Bush Restoration and avifauna (Manly Council fusca) There are 42 active bushcare 1998b). m Black bitten (Ixobrychus flavicollis) volunteers who are dedicated to Many of these species are now restoring Manly’s bushland. m Osprey(Pandion haliaeus) locally extinct, however, the Bushcare and Council staff m Sanderling(Calidris alba) bushland areas, shorelines and regeneration teams are currently m Great knot (Calidris aquatic environments within the working in the following reserves tenuirostris) Manly LGA still support some listed in the table below. species. These include five fauna m Sooty oystercatcher species listed as endangered (Haematopus fuliginosus)
Seaforth Clontarf Balgowlah Heights Balgowlah Bantry Reserve Alder St Bareena Park Wellings Reserve Bligh Park Avona Cres Cutler Road (Lot 30) Manly Castle Circuit Cutler Road (lot 5) Mulgowrie St Esplanade Park West Foreshore Moore St Elevation Ave and East MacMillan St Harbourview St Cnr Fisher/Geddes Kangaroo Park Pickering Point cnr Kanangra & Heathcliff Reserve Little Manly Reserve Sangrado Reserve Peronne Avenue Nanbaree Street Seaforth City Centre Nolans Bush Tania Park BIODIVERSITY 57 MANLYMANLY
South BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH Pacific SEAFORTHSEAFORTH Ocean FAIRLIGHTFAIRLIGHT
Manly MANLYMANLY Cove BALGOWLAHBALGOWLAH HEIGHTSHEIGHTS Middle Harbour CLONTARFCLONTARF North Harbour
Middle Harbour Grotto Pt
North Head
N LEGEND: ABBREVIATIONS: c c cleared 21g Coastal sandstone Heath - HSS 21g Geology 10ag Sydney sandstone Gully Forest 10ag part of the Sydney sandstone Complex, HSS 10ar 10ar Sydney sandstone Ridgetop Woodland - part of the Sydney 21b sandstone Complex, HSS 21b Coastal Dune Heath - coastal dunes North Head, Pleistocene sand SOURCE: Benson & Howell, 1994
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP B1 SCALE: NTS VEGETATION PLAN 58 m Pied oystercatcher m a grey-faced heron is regularly occurs, with generally predictable (Haematopus longirostris) sighted in Manly West Park (a negative long term effects on the m Greater sand plover former wetland) viability of those populations. (Charadrius leschenaulii) m black water hens at Manly Every tree is an important feature m Lesser sand plover Lagoon for connecting reserves and other (Charadrius mongolus) m a powerful owl and glossy remnant areas, creating the m White tern (Gygis alba) black cockatoo were recorded wildlife corridor piece by piece by a fauna study in Seaforth m Sooty tern (Sterna fuscata) and facilitates the movement of m a buff-breasted kingfisher was m Wompoo fruit-dove (Ptilinopus native animals. Mature trees are recorded at Heathcliff Reserve magnificus) also important, allowing limbs to m Common Bent-wing Bat m red-crowned toadlets at overlap and form a canopy (Miniopterus schreibersii) Wellings Reserve corridor. Enhancing the tree m Superb fruit-dove (Ptilinopus m Marsh snake in Fairlight canopy also includes street trees superbus) m a golden-crowned viper was in the network. m Powerful owl (Ninox strenua) seen on Dobroyd headland The Street Tree Masterplan m Tiger quoll (Dasyurus m a half-banded snake-eel was indicates that Manly LGA is maculatus) recorded in the water off characterised as having a diverse Collins Beach. This species is m Koala (Phascolarctos often found in the open bays pallet of mainly indigenous street cinereus). trees. The majority of the street of southern Queensland and trees are mature in age and are The humpback whale (Megaptera northern NSW. mostly under 6m in height and novaeangliae), southern right spread. Almost half of the whale (Eubalaena australis) and Other mammals recently sighted in bushland reserves in Manly recorded species were found to sperm whale (Physeter include the brown antechinus be in fair condition, some macrocephalus) are also identified suffering from insect damage, on this listing, visiting Manly (Antechinus stuartii), common ringtailed possums with only a few suffering from during migration. (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) disease. The street trees are Two endangered populations are common brushtailed possums causing very little pavement also listed on the NSW (Trichosurus vulpecula), sugar uplift, security and safety Threatened Species Conservation gliders (Petaurus breviceps), long- problems with only a small Act 1995 - the little penguin nosed bandicoots (Perameles proportion causing interference (Eudyptula minor) and long-nosed nasuta) and short-beaked with power lines. bandicoot (Perameles nasuta) echidnas (Tachyglossus More than half of the street trees populations situated at North aculeatus). Interesting were found to be not suitable to Head (Manly Council, 1996). observations by residents include the eastern spinebill the site and only a minority have any type of significance to the Higher incidences of sightings of (Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris), Manly Council area. The native fauna tend to occur in grey shrike-thrush those reserves that adjoin or are (Colluricinincula harmonica), the database identified a number of new planting opportunities and close to larger natural bushland fan-tailed cuckoo (Cuculus also recommended the removal areas including Sydney Harbour pyrrophanus), and the tiger quoll and Garigal National Parks, and (Dasyurus maculatus). and replacement of a small the Manly Warringah War percentage of street trees with Memorial Park. one of 50 recommended species 3.3.3 Wildlife (as appropriate). Reported sightings by the public Corridors and to the Manly Environment Centre No habitat and wildlife corridors include: Tree Canopy have been formally identified Without suitable habitat within the Manly LGA. m an echidna in Bower Lane and connecting the isolated pockets of one crossing the path on vegetation, the movement of Data gap: Shelly Beach headland organisms and ‘mixing’ of genes 1. Little information on animal m an antechinus above Reef virtually ceases. This creates movements, number and Beach small populations in ‘islands’ of quality of corridors. m a white-bellied sea eagle (now habitat surrounded by uncommon within the Sydney inhospitable ‘seas’ of urban or Basin) around Grotto Point rural development. Inbreeding and Shelley Beach BIODIVERSITY 59 3.4 PRESSURES 3.4.2.1 Clearing of Canopy 3.4.4 Introduced ON OUR Under Council’s Tree Preservation Plant Invasion BIODIVERSITY Order, 465 trees were approved The problem of rampant weed for removal by Council’s Parks growth represents a significant and Reserves Technician in 1999/ threat to the long term survival of 3.4.1 Native Animal 2000, with 140 refused. This is a bushland in urban areas. Weed Rescue Data favourable improvement on the invasion has occurred as a result past year’s statistics, as there has of: The majority of native animals are m development causing bushland been 33 less trees removed and taken into care because of: disturbance 14 more applications refused. m introduced soil/fill m cat attack m increasing light levels m collision with motor vehicles Data gap: m altering soil moisture levels and windows 1. The total number of trees and m increasing soil nutrient levels. m loss of habitat eg. tree vegetation removed without consent. All these factors change the removal and lopping bushland profile, often to the m disease. detriment of native species.
3.4.3 Urban Runoff The most troublesome weeds Data gap: found in Manly’s bushland Urban runoff is the result of rain 1. Number of native animals originate from household gardens. flowing from highly urbanised taken into care. This particular infiltration of areas with large areas of weeds is facilitated by the impervious surfaces, such as dumping of garden refuse 3.4.2 Land Clearing shopping centres, car parks, roofs containing seeds and propagules and roads. This water is generally of exotic garden species, seed Significant vegetation removal collected in stormwater drains dispersal by people, birds, wind has affected large areas of Manly which discharges into larger and water, and the close proximity at various stages of the area’s drainage channels, bushland of bushland to domestic gardens development. The majority of areas, then into natural and parks. Bushland areas into clearing in Manly has occurred in which stormwater drains empty, waterways such as local creeks the past 50 years (Manly Council such as creek lines, suffer greatly and estuaries. 1998a), with the development of from weed infestation. the suburbs of Clontarf, During this process, the water Common exotic weeds in the Balgowlah Heights and Seaforth. collects a range of materials Manly LGA include vines (eg. cape including: ivy, madeira vine, balloon vine, In recent years, land clearing has morning glory and turkey been limited to smaller m chemicals rhubarb), garden escapees and subdivisions, such as the St. m animal excrement understorey weeds (eg. privet, Patrick’s College Estate m leaf litter wandering jew, asparagus fern development where the and bamboo), weeds of disturbed m detergents endangered population of long- areas (eg. lantana, blackberry, nosed bandicoots has lost a m oil crofton weed, pampas grass) and significant amount of quality m weed material including seeds large trees including coral trees, habitat. m car tyre rubber and soil camphor laurels, willow and rhus trees. (Manly Council 1998b). Clearing and fragmentation of Many of these weeds are classified urban areas has resulted in The impact of urban runoff is as noxious as they can pose a isolated pockets of remnant highly significant. The discharge problem to human health, the vegetation, usually of minimum of stormwater in bushland and environment, livestock or the size, poor quality and under great waterways increases soil agriculture industry. Legally, these pressure. When habitats decline, moisture levels, as well as weeds must be removed or faunal species compete for the bringing with it extra nutrients controlled in accordance with the remaining resources, causing such as phosphorus, and carrying NSW Noxious Weeds Act, 1993. their populations to decline and weed seeds and rooting plants. Council must enforce this Act by ensuring noxious weeds are lose genetic diversity. This This runoff also reduces water controlled or removed. See reduces their ability to compete, quality in natural streams and Appendix for Noxious Weed list. fight disease or adapt to changing groundwater, and increases conditions. The limited resources siltation and flooding of these Australian plants not indigenous also force animals into residential waterways. to Manly such as the Western areas. Australian Acacia saligna, have also taken on weed characteristics in Manly and require control.
60 3.4.5 Bushfire areas (Manly Council 1998b). A m Foxes are general omnivores, lack of fire in urban areas such as eating insects, vertebrates, Fire is a natural occurrence, with Manly has favoured the growth of and fruits from introduced the Australian biodiversity temperate rainforest native plants, spreading exotics such evolving under its influence. Yet species such as Pittosporum as blackberries today’s fire patterns are vastly undulatum and Glochidion m Feral birds such as Indian different from those that shaped ferdinandi, which in dry mynas, and natives from other our landscape over 200 years ago. scholerphyll areas have now parts of Australia not become an adventitious native, or Upon European arrival, the originally from this area, such ‘bushland weed’. These were settlers observed that Aborigines as the Rainbow lorikeet, are frequently burnt the land. It is once mainly confined to moist very aggressive and compete gully areas by regular fire now understood that the with local native birds for regimes, yet now have colonised Aborigines had a detailed food, habitat, nesting material knowledge of using fire to burn many dry schlorophyll bushland and nesting spots. areas where they thrive, shading the bush in a mosaic pattern to Council received increasing out many species with their manage their lands. This practice numbers of complaints changed the distribution of the dense crowns. regarding pigeons in the biota and created a range of Manly CBD area. Pigeons are habitats. Using fire as a land Data gap: known carriers of lice, mites, management tool had the dual 1. Impacts of fire and Council’s fleas and parasitic worms and purpose of stimulating seed- hazard reduction programme are linked to spreading setting and germination, on biodiversity. several diseases. The regenerating other species, and of potential risks to public health driving out game animals or escalate when pigeon attracting large marsupial grazers 3.4.6 Introduced populations are large and to areas of new shoots. Animals highly concentrated. In Manly the numbers are not The impact of introduced species The loss of continuous, regular considered to be large nor on the Australian environment burning since the arrival of highly concentrated and has been immense. Introduced Europeans has resulted in a therefore the associated risk is fauna have competed with native change of vegetation patterns considered to be manageable. fauna for food and habitat, preyed and species composition. This Recent surveys by Council’s on native fauna, and caused great combined with native vegetation Environmental Health Officers destruction of the bushland and clearing has resulted in the loss of revealed a maximum of 24 other habitats. indigenous biodiversity and pigeons in The Corso and increased weed growth. Bushland Manly’s environment has been surrounding areas. Several adjacent to urban areas has seen invaded by several feral species private properties in the CBD the need for the introduction of including the cat, fox, rat area have been investigated prescribed burn-offs, undertaken (particularly at Little Manly and the owners notified of the to lower the risk of wildfire for the Point), rabbit, and bird species problem. protection of property, and to such as the pigeon, sparrow, m Feral and domestic cats are assist native species in natural starling and Indian myna. Foxes major predators of Australian regeneration. are especially evident at Tania fauna, and carry and spread Park, where volunteer bush toxoplasmosis, a disease Excluding fire can result in the regenerators observe individuals which affects both humans development of dense shrub regularly. and native wildlife, causing layers which favour moisture blindness, birth defects and loving species, including exotic Feral animals impact on the miscarriage in humans. weeds, and inhibit the Manly environment as: germination and establishment of It can also cause blindness sclerophyllus species. Excessively m Rabbits compete with many and damage to the central frequent fires (often the result ground-dwelling native nervous system and from hazard reduction burns) may animals for food and shelter, respiratory organs of kill vegetation before they mature their burrows can cause major bandicoots. Few native enough to set seed. These may soil erosion, and they attack animals recover from this subsequently be replaced by newly planted tubestock disease. grasses, bracken and other plants—especially at Shelly resprouting plants if recruitment Beach headland. Data gap: is not possible from adjacent 1. Extent of feral animal populations. BIODIVERSITY 61 3.4.7 Companion 3.4.8 Problems Councils are required to access Animals Incurred— the electronic central register for Companion the identification and registration Irresponsible pet owners of animals as part of the lifetime contribute to the rapid decline of Animals registration process. As at 30 wildlife. The increase of feral cats Legislation April 2000, Manly Council had and dogs (through dumping of The Companion Animals Act was accepted registrations for a total unwanted pets), contribute to the legislated on 1 September 1998 of 1953 animals. There have been increasing nuisance of wandering and the Companion Animals continuing difficulties with the and barking dogs, and interfere Regulation followed on 1 July processing of registrations which with the well-being of the 1999, to replace the Dog Act 1966. has led to inefficiencies in community. It included new measures maintaining both registers (i.e. that of the new lifetime register Cats are hunters by nature, including the microchipping and and the ‘old’ current system of hunting at all hours, especially at registration of both dogs and cats annual registration which will dusk and night, with the prey for life. cease to operate on 1 July 2002). commonly consisting of bats, Council made representations to possums, bandicoots, native rats the Minister for Local The Council is required to collect and mice, birds, lizards, and Government concerning all of the registration fees and snakes. Cats have been dissatisfaction with the then forward that (reconciled) implicated in the decline and Companion Animals Register and amount each month into the possibly the local extinction of a the funds received by Council in Department of Gaming and number of species. They can also registration fees and access to the Racing. Thereafter Council will carry bacteria and blood parasites Companion Animal Register. be reimbursed every quarter a which can be passed on to sum, ‘to be determined’. This wildlife that have little to no The Veterinary Council was situation makes it very difficult resistance. concerned regarding the amount for the Council to determine and of time spent completing the data rely on, for budget purposes, an Dogs also have a direct impact on entry of animals in the initial amount of revenue from this bushland by: identification stage and directed source. m preying on wildlife its members to send the forms to the Councils for data entry. This m urinating on trees to mark out has resulted in a large backlog of territory, sending out warning animals yet to be entered onto the signals to native animals to register and invoiced for the keep away registration fees due for payment. m dog droppings are very high in phosphorous, promote growth of exotic weeds, are unpleasant to walkers, are a health hazard, and can carry parasites m disturbing burrowing fauna m harassing wildlife, people and other pets.
There were 1953 dogs registered by Council in 1999/2000—a decrease from 2200 in 1998/9.
The NPWS noted that one bandicoot carcass was sent for post-mortem, with results indicating a dog was responsible for the attack.
Data gap: 1. Number of domestic cats in Manly.
62 3.5 RESPONSE TO m the DLWC have completed a 3.5.2 Planning THESE benchmark study on the creek Instruments, to assess its current state and Policies and PRESSURES develop a rapid catchment assessment protocol for urban Management 3.5.1 On the Ground creeks—this study took into Plans Activities consideration vegetation types, bank stability, 3.5.2.1 Companion geomorphology, aquatic life, Animals Plan of 3.5.1.1 Burnt Bridge Creek Management Restoration overall disturbance, water quality, and habitat The Local Companion Animal For further information, please m Seaforth Primary School have Advisory Committee was refer to the Aquatic Systems constructed a frog pond and established to ensure community chapter. regenerated an unused area of representation in the development of a Local Burnt Bridge Creek provides a the school that adjoins the vital habitat corridor between creek Companion Animals Management Manly Lagoon and Seaforth. The m in 1999-2000 target weeds Plan. rehabilitation works are guided included Toxicodendron The committee has identified by the Burnt Bridge Creek succedaneum, Ludwigia eleven key issue areas that form Restoration Management Plan. peruviana, Anredera the framework of the cordifolia, Arundo donax, management plan. The key issue Initiatives relative to this Parietaria judaica and Ricinus areas address responsible pet Biodiversity chapter include: communis throughout the ownership, waste and creek corridor. m a full time coordinator funded environmental management, by the Natural Heritage Trust regulatory services and oversees and facilitates the 3.5.1.2 Fox Baiting community education. community input, provides Programme training and educational The Sydney Harbour NPWS The committee is currently working on a draft of the materials for residents and commenced a 1080 fox baiting schools programme in June, 2000 for one management plan. m five volunteer groups work on month. The areas baited included the creek with workdays held Middle, Dobroyd and North Heads 3.5.2.2 Norfolk Island twice a week however, this does not include the Pines on the Ocean Beach Front Manly m paid casual staff undertook Artillery School. Much of the —Plan of 6000 hours of work on the activity was centred around the Management Creek to progress and Quarantine Station. Little Manly maintain the project—they Point was considered too close to The Norfolk Island Pine Plan of remove weeds in a mosaic the residential area for baiting to Management has been developed fashion leaving large stands of be carried out. However, the to enhance and maintain the Lantana and other dense Service established a strategy to population of Pines along the weeds to act as habitat while cover this area. Ocean Beach front and to provide the native vegetation is a sound basis for long term care The program will continue until maturing—when this is and monitoring. fox activity has ceased. NPWS sufficient the remaining would like to repeat the program The plan involves maintaining weeds are removed and those in 12 months time with Manly and recording the health of areas replanted and left to Council to include areas such as existing trees, replacing trees as regenerate Clontarf and sewer areas. necessary and addressing m the Burnt Bridge Creek potentials for damage, all relevant Restoration secured a major cultural practices necessary for project under the Federal sustaining the pines. Government Training scheme the Green Corps. The team of Council adopted the 17–21 year olds trained and recommendations in the report, worked on the creek for six with the exception of application months clearing weeds and of liquid fertilisers which should planting over 2500 native be revised to granular plants Burnt Bridge Creek applications under a reduced regeneration team schedule. To reduce cost and impact on the environment, liquid BIODIVERSITY 63 application will be restricted to The draft Recovery Plan has been 3.5.3 Studies those trees surrounded by prepared by NPWS, in concrete such as at South Steyne. consultation with a recovery plan 3.5.3.1 Street Tree Study team on which Council, In March 1998, Council resolved Council supplemented the present landowners, Taronga Zoo and the to engage Pittenrigh Shinkfield budget allocation for the Manly Environment Centre are and Bruce to carry out a street management of the pines with represented. tree assessment of Manly at a $76,000 of additional funds to total cost of $40,000. The data carry out the plan’s Council funding required to was collected using the position recommendations. undertake its allocated actions is approximately $33,000. of the trees recorded as an X and Y co-ordinate and assigned 3.5.2.3 Long Nosed Whilst Council is pleased that the an adjoining street number, and Bandicoots Draft draft Recovery Plan has been identified 12,883 trees within Recovery Plan prepared, a number of issues Manly. The NPWS has prepared a draft require further resolution or recovery plan for the long nosed inclusion in the document, such The data included genus, bandicoots on North Head. The as: species, height, condition, bandicoot population has been suitability, whether it is causing listed as a threatened population 1. Guidelines for development on a problem and recommendations under the Threatened Species land with potential for for removal and replacement. Conservation Act, 1995. Penguin habitat. This data has been transferred 2. Identification of critical to Council’s Geographical In 1999, Council approved habitat which may be Information System (GIS). expenditure to support the essential in the planning of Currently information regarding recovery plan, and also continued any future development or tree pruning and removal is to pursue issues such as the expansion of existing recorded on Excel. This identification of critical habitat development on North Head. information can be transferred with the NPWS. The draft plan is 3. Include a summary of the to the GIS system. awaiting approval by the Minister monitoring of the Penguin for the Environment to proceed to The Consultants also prepared a population carried out to date. exhibition. Street Tree Masterplan which illustrates a range of species for 3.5.2.4 Little Penguin Draft planting on arterial—sub arterial Recovery Plan and local roads and delineates areas of Gateway planting. The Little Penguin (Eudyptula minor) was listed as a threatened population under the Threatened 3.5.3.2 Bushfire Risk In Species Conservation Act 1995 on Manly 31 January 1997. The size of the During August 1999, Council population is estimated by NPWS staff inspected the 47 reserves to be approximately 47 breeding and Manly Scenic Walkway and pairs, however, the Service subsequently categorised in advises it may have been as few accordance with NSW Fire as 35 birds. A recent study Brigades recommendations. undertaken in August, 2000 Tula the Penguin with They are presented in the table identified 60 breeding pairs (120 Elka Graham below with the past five individuals) plus 30 juveniles or assessment periods. non breeders (Julie Bourne, NPWS, pers. comm.).
Bushfire risk in Manly SEPT 1994 NOV 1995 NOV 1996 MAY 1997 APRIL 1998 AUG 1999 (Summer 1997)
39 low 38 low 44 low 42 low 41 low 41 low 6 low/med 9 low 3 low/med 5 low/med 6 low/med 6 low / med 2 med/high No med/high No med/high No med high No med/high No med/high No high No high No high No high No high No high No very high No very high No very high No very high No very high No very high
64 The low to medium risk reserves 3.5.4.3 Arabanoo Lookout were: —$20,000 Council received $20,000 funding m Elevation Avenue under the Federation Community m Jellicoe Street (rear 1-5) Projects Programme towards m Wellings Reserve (Gourlay and upgrading the Arabanoo Lookout. New Streets end) The project includes m Castle Circuit Foreshore improvements to the paving and (opposite number 69) new signage relating to m Castle Circuit Park (adjacent indigenous heritage and the and below number 58) trigonometic aspect of the site. m Gurney Crescent (dead end This project will involve working beyond number 71). closely with the NPWS who are the landowners of Arabanoo Action will be taken for those Lookout. areas prescribed as areas that proved to be a risk. This work A sketch plan has been prepared will be carried out within the by Council in conjunction with Parks and Reserves budget with NPWS. The Metropolitan Local the assistance of the NSW Fire Aboriginal Land Council have Brigade. given approval to the design.
3.5.4.4 Environment Levy 3.5.4 Funding Projects Relevant The following grant applications to this Chapter have been successful (those not For progress on each project, already mentioned). please see the Implementation chapter. See table below. 3.5.4.1 Harbour to Hawkesbury— Stage 2—$65,000 Environment Levy Projects (relevant to this chapter) Project Budget Target / The Harbour Hawkesbury Grant Completion Date has been applied for on behalf of three other Council (Warringah, 1. Burnt Bridge Creek Valley Park Total: $915,135 Bushland Kur-ring-gai and Hornsby) the m Bush regeneration Grant: $248,373 regeneration National Parks of Garigal and Kur- m GPT’s June 2001. ring-gai and DLWC. $65,000 was m Flora & Fauna Study GPT’s to be granted under the NHT m Aboriginal Archaeological study completed. Programme to the project, with m Community Education Programme Council’s share being $13,000 to m Noxious Weed Removal link the Manly Scenic Walkway to m Cycleway - design the track in Garigal National Park. m Erosion Control The project involves bushland regeneration, revegetation, Burnt Bridge Creek community education and skills Bio-assessment Total: $18,000 June 2001 development. 4. Clontarf Reserve Foreshore Total: $459,833 May 1999 3.5.4.2 Stream Bank Grant: $256,000 Stabilisation— Burnt Bridge Creek 5. Shelly Beach Headland Total: $230,634 Mar 2000 —$19,700 Restoration Grant: $31,000 This project addresses soil 23. Little Penguin Recovery Program Total: $32,990 June 2000 erosion of the creek bank of Burnt Grant: $17,990 (stage 1) Bridge Creek by stabilising the June 2001 creek bank. The areas that (stage 2) needed stabilisation have been identified in the Burnt Bridge Creek Restoration Plan. BIODIVERSITY 65 3.5.5 Education 3.5.5.2 Threatened 3.5.5.3 Community Initiatives Species Watchdog Project The MEC has continued its work Manly Council, in partnership 3.5.5.1 Noxious Weed with the Recovery Teams for the with the other Councils of the Community Liaison Longnosed Bandicoots and Little region and co-ordinated by & Education Penguins. Warringah Council, obtained a Project grant from the Storm Water Trust National Threatened Species Day Council received grant funds from to implement the Community was celebrated with a display on NSW Agriculture totalling $10,000 Watchdog Project. The project’s The Corso. The display included to be matched dollar for dollar by objective was to generate the Bushcare Trailer and Manly’s council to employ a Noxious Weed awareness of the effects of dog threatened species, including the Community Liaison Officer three faeces on our waterways and to marine species of Weedy Sea days per week. Key tasks are to encourage dog owners to take Dragon, Elegant Wrasse, Black identify and locate noxious weeds responsibility for their dog’s Rock Cod and Grey Nurse Shark. growing on private, commercial waste and dispose of it and council land, and thereafter thoughtfully. Two very successful bandicoot to provide education to the monitoring nights at Shelly Beach The project included a project community on methods of Headland involving community launch, development of a eradication. The aim of the members were held. A travelling display, an educational noxious weeds strategy is to researcher from The University of brochure and a volunteer training provide sustainable results. Sydney provided background on package, and purchasing of the habits of the bandicoots and All precinct areas and Council POOch pouches. The project was Council’s bush regenerator spoke lands have been inspected and promoted through Council’s about habitat restoration. 3,650 assessment notices issued. community precincts and Community newsletters. Further funds were received from Two ‘Long-nose Day Parades’ Council’s honorary rangers and NSW Agriculture to progress the were held at Manly Village School program over 99/00. other Council officers, along with with prizes presented by the Councillors and other interested Mayor for the best long nose. A preliminary report has been community members were Ranger Rachel Miller from the prepared, along with a matrix involved in the distribution of the NPWS spoke to the children about outlining objectives and strategic POOch pouches and spreading the need to protect the actions for 1999/2000. These the anti-poo message. bandicoots. The majority of the actions, once completed, will children had seen bandicoots in assure compliance with the Act. the gardens or streets. Further documentation and recording of information onto the GIS system will be carried out over 99/00 giving a comprehensive database of noxious weeds in the Manly LGA.
The programme’s success has been reflected in the good response from our community, with return visits to sites by the Noxious Weeds Liaison Officer showing a high level of compliance with the assessment/ POOch pouch direction notices and education kit.
3.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN m expand upon the existing Indigenous Flora Species List for residents, developers and for Council use m consider preparation of a feral animal eradication programme m undertake a comprehensive biodiversity / companion animal awareness campaign.
66 3.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
B1 Bushland Management Plan AMC S M Initiated Under review.
B1.6 Control and manage access to areas AMC Ongoing Initiated Interpretative signage of bushland and reduce appropriate underway and budgeted for signage. Manly Scenic Walkway - June 2000. Directional signage earmarked and budgeted for Harbour to Hawkesbury grant project.
B2.4 Investigate the feasibility of PDE M H Initiated The relevant provisions of the implementing a policy requiring Residential DCP are in final developments to plant and maintain a draft form. certain percentage of indigenous species within their boundaries, to be identified on the landscape plan submission.
B4.2 Record all sightings of fauna, CI M M Initiated Monitoring programme encourage residents to report their established. sightings for inclusion on a database.
B9.7 Promotion of wildlife corridors CI S M Initiated Bandicoot / penguin information night planned.
B11 Street Tree Study PDE S H Initiated $20,000 per year (over five years) has been voted for the Street Trees Management Plan implementation, to commence in 2001.
B12 Educate residents re. bushfire AMC O H Initiated Draft Plan of Management hazards. prepared by Manly Mosman District Bushfire Committee still in draft form.
B13 Weed Management Strategy AMC S M Completed Adopted by Council August, 1999.
B15 Feral Animal Eradication Program PDE S M Initiated Regional Urban Feral Animal Strategy Committee applied for grant funding to prepare strategy. Unsuccessful. As Committee serviced by CMC (disbanded), this Committee will no longer exist.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. BIODIVERSITY 67 Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Comments Reference
B17 Local Policy for responsible pet PDE S H Initiated The Committee is developing ownership. actions for the key performance areas. The education day has been incorporated into the North Shore Council’s “stormwater Trust” Grant project - Community Watchdog Project. A media launch was held recently and voluntary rangers have been approached to participate.
B18 Dog registration drives, using CCS S M Completed Ongoing and further incentives for first time registrations advertising.
B22 Guidelines and responsibilities for CM S H Completed All volunteers must register bush regen. groups for insurance purposes, also monthly work reports for unsupervised volunteers.
B24 Educate volunteer regeneration CM S H Completed Free bush regeneration groups training programs available to volunteers throughout the year as well as professional on-site supervision at established bushcare sites
B27 Continue to implement existing CI O H Ongoing Three Creeks and Living community based programs through Creeks programs assisting to the MEC. achieve this action.
B37 Encourage use of MEC as CI H O Ongoing Upgrading Internet Site. community resource and information centre.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
Burnt Bridge Creek restoration
68 Air
he earth’s atmosphere, which extends for about 100km above the earth, is critical in regulating our Tweather and climate. The combination of climatic conditions and anthropogenic emissions of gases and other pollutants results in three significant environmental problems: depletion of the ozone layer, the enhanced greenhouse effect and, in some areas, regional and local air pollution.
4.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Council’s electricity Data not 2,477,030 4,085,621 4,100,316 ç consumption kwh available (does not (does not (does not include include include streetlighting) streetlighting) streetlighting) 11,676,272 (includes street lighting)
Council’s natural gas consumption Data not 97,451 69,635 51,693 è (megajoules) available
LGA electricity consumption (kwh) Data not Data not 181,181,196 Residential: - available available 97,950,407 Commercial & Industrial: 110 492 312 Total kWh’s 208,442,719 Includes Public Lighting: 7,575,956
LGA natural gas consumption Data not 385,741,039 393,810,882 Not yet ç (megajoules) available determined
Annual greenhouse gas emissions (energy equivalent CO2) tonnes Corporate 6,344.8 10,910.7 6,620.8 Not yet è Community 146,038.2 337,353.9 158,520.8 determined è
Number of trips made by public transport: 1. Bus: (Manly Warringah, Data not 12 million 12.7 million 12,864,000 è Brookvale Depot Buses) available passenger loadings 2. Ferry and Jetcat (to and from Manly): 1996/7: 5,670,000 5,941,710 6,097,099 5,888,913 ç 1995/6: 5,598,206
Level of car ownership in Manly 1995: 18,608 1997: 19,410 20,054 18,912 è 1996: 18,981
Average number of vehicles 1993: 88716 1996: 85,814 Data not 89,715 ç entering and leaving Manly per day available
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability
ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability AIR 69 4.1.1 Our Aim 4.3 STATE OF 4.3.1.1 Regional Air Quality—the Key goals of the Manly OUR Regional Pollution Conservation Strategy: ATMOSPHERE Index
m to promote the conservation Manly is part of the EPA’s eastern and efficient use of energy in 4.3.1 Air Pollution in air pollution monitoring region. Manly Manly This is based on a network of air quality monitoring stations which m to significantly improve the air Urban areas like Manly suffer the change sites periodically, quality of Manly impact of accumulated air including a station in Kur-ing-gai, m to reduce the amount of pollution—that is, the proximity Leichhardt and Randwick. As a greenhouse gases emitted to the city, and being in a coastal result, this monitoring does not from Manly and consider the area where natural circulation of produce data indicative of air possible impacts of climate polluted air occurs. Air pollution quality conditions in the Manly change knows no boundaries and is area. m to ensure that ozone depleting subject to the prevailing weather gases and goods which conditions and atmospheric contain them are not disposed circulation. 4.3.1.2 Pollution Complaints of carelessly and recycled where possible, and their use The Metropolitan Air Quality In 1998/99 there were 2 air reduced. Study (MAQS) showed the pollution incident reports made to summer overnight and early the NSW EPA (NSW EPA Pollution morning land breezes carry Incident Reports, 2000). Similarly, 4.2 COMMUNITY pollutants (photochemical smog two incidents were reported to PERCEPTIONS precursors) out to sea where they NSW EPA in the previous At the 2000 SoE Community begin to react in the sunlight to reporting period. form ozone; the afternoon sea Workshop, major issues of In 1999/2000, Council’s concern identified included the breezes carry this ozone back on- Environmental Health Officers increased usage of cars as shore to concentrate in Sydney’s south west. This results in the attended to 39 air pollution transport, poor air quality— complaints (a decrease from 61 in possibly from North Head Sewage concentration of ozone and other 1998/9 and 47 the year prior). Treatment Plant, the lack of local pollutants in the western areas of the Sydney basin over a bicycle parking and tracks, and A breakdown of these complaints number of days. the lack of incentive to catch is as follows: public transport to Manly rather Air quality issues at the regional than drive a car. m general–25 level concern: m odour/smell–11 Positive initiatives identified by 1. photochemical smog (visible m wood heaters–2 the Workshop include Council as a white haze in summer), m backyard burning–1 purchasing Green Power, the usually identified by the improved bus shelters since 1995, m no legal action was taken. presence of ozone; this is Council joining the international formed though chemical programme—Cities for Climate Data gap: reactions between oxides of Protection and the Energy 1. No specific air quality data for nitrogen and reactive (or Efficiency DCP. the Manly LGA. volatile) organic compounds in Recommendations of the the presence of sunlight, and Workshop include electric shuttle 2. fine particle pollution from buses, a car free CBD, and the emission sources such as encouragement of public motor vehicles, industry and transport. home wood burning heaters, or resulting from bushfire hazard reduction burning or soil erosion; it is visible as a brown haze on winter mornings and results from overnight temperature inversions trapping fine particles at the ground surface.
70 4.3.2 Energy 4.4 PRESSURES m a possible increase in the Consumption ON OUR severity of storms, and increases in flood frequency Please note Trends at a glance. ATMOSPHERE and damage m the potential for small In 1999/2000, Council consumed 51,693 megajoules of natural gas 4.4.1 Global Issues increases in fire danger (a continuing decreasing trend). m probable sea level rise of less 4.4.1.1 Global Warming Community consumption has as than 0.5m. not yet been determined by AGL. The enhanced greenhouse effect Although there are many is expected to lead to warming of uncertainties surrounding the In 1999/2000, Council’s 88 the earth’s atmosphere and other electricity accounts consumed a climatic changes, and is therefore timing, magnitude and patterns of the change, there is strong total of 4,100,316 kilowatt hours a global problem that requires a evidence that the change is the of electricity. Coupled with the global response. 150 countries 7,575,956kWh of public lighting, signed the international result of human influence. this resulted in 4,100,316kWh, an agreement United Nations Since the Industrial Revolution increase from 1998/9. Framework Convention of Climate (approximately 300 years ago), Change (FCCC) at the 1992 Rio Please note that data from Energy the emissions resulting from Earth Summit, coming into force Australia for street lighting has human activities have in March 1994 to address the changed in past years and substantially increased the global concern. therefore is not readily compared. atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and Researchers suggest that possible The total community consumption climate changes indicates that: nitrous oxide - commonly of electricity was 208,442,719kWh recognised as the three major —including both residential, m by 2030, temperatures in all greenhouse gases. commercial and industrial, an seasons are likely to increase Through participating in the increase from the 1998/99 figures by 0.5–2.0 degrees Celsius Cities for Climate Protection (181,181,196 kWh in 1998/99). along the NSW coast, and by 0.5–2.5 degrees C inland of Programme, Council has determined Manly’s greenhouse the ranges gas emissions for the years 1995– m the potential for an increase in 1998, for both Council and the the frequency of days over 35 community’s activities. Further, degrees Celsius in some parts forecasts have been made which of NSW identify business as usual m the average rainfall intensities greenhouse gas emissions in may increase, with heavy 2010, without undertaking any rainfall perhaps more than abatement programmes (see twice as often by 2070 below).
Council’s Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Forecast AIR 71 Community Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Forecast Activities contributing to air pollution in Manly are:
m transport pollution—arterial roads within Manly service much of the traffic travelling between the Northern Beaches and the City m through daily activities, such as private vehicle use, commercial cooking facilities (eg. charcoal chicken shops/ takeaways) m industry m bushfires and burnoffs (fire management) m solid fuel heaters m illegal backyard burning m indoor air pollution such as smoking. Data gap: chloroflurocarbons (CFCs) and 1. Specific regional predictions In Manly, domestic solid fuel halons were contributing on the enhanced greenhouse heaters, transport vehicle significantly to the depletion of effect impacts. emissions and dust from building ozone in the stratosphere. sites are the greatest contributors to air pollution. 4.4.1.2 Ozone Depletion The hole in the ozone layer has 4.4.2 Regional Issues Council continues to receive attracted a great deal of complaints and many enquiries international attention over the 4.4.2.1 Potential regarding the operation of past decade, with reductions in Pollutants domestic solid fuel or wood total ozone levels over Antarctica The Metropolitan Air Quality burning heaters. New first identified in 1984. Seasonal Study (MAQS) and Air Quality developments in heater ozone losses above Antarctica Research Program (HARP) technology as prescribed in have been severe, with more than determined that the main sources Australian Standard 4013, are 60% of the total ozone being of air pollutants come from motor promising significant reduction in destroyed in spring over a region vehicles, industry and domestic emissions. The Standard is covering most of the continent activities. The main pollutants are designed to ensure solid fuel (State of the Environment carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, heaters give the most efficient Advisory Council 1996). nitrogen oxides, volatile organic and greatest heat for the least compounds and fine particles; all cost and pollution. Ozone depletion has also except carbon dioxide are toxic to 20, 479 Manly businesses and occurred in mid latitudes humans and other living including over Australia, with a organisms. Motor vehicles were residential consumers (a growth loss of between two and four of 1.29% connections) were major sources of carbon monoxide connected to the electricity grid percent (State of the Environment and reactive organic compounds; Advisory Council 1996). The diesel vehicles were significant and consumed in 1999/2000: Bureau of Meteorology carries out sources of nitrogen oxides and m residential: 97,950,407 kWh stratospheric ozone monitoring total suspended particulates. m commercial & industrial across Australia, where studies Solid fuel home heaters were a show that depletion is occurring :110,492,312 kWh major source of total suspended m total kWh: 208,442,719. over the most populated parts of particulates in winter. Australia year round. (Data from Energy Australia, 2000) The ozone layer is located in the stratosphere, and protects life on Note: the surface of the Earth from the 1. Includes Public Lighting worst of the Sun’s UV radiation, (7 575 956 kWh) which is harmful to plants, other organisms and humans. Scientists discovered that
72 4.4.3 Transport Daily Traffic Counts in Manly
4.4.3.1 Modes of Transport in Manly In 1997, the number of Manly residents commute to work were as follows: m 4375 (23.46%) travel by public transport at some stage of the journey m 9830 (52.7%) travel only by private means m 138 (0.74%) used a bicycle m 1014 walked (5.44%) (ABS, 1997).
4.4.3.2 Public Transport 4.4.3.3 Private Transport Deviation (# 34012); Condamine Use of public transport urgently There is approximately 247km of near Balgowlah Shops (#34014); needs to be encouraged. Australia road within the Manly area, Wakehurst Parkway near wide, 15 million more cars classified as Arterial, Sub Arterial, Warringah Road (55041); journeys are expected each year Collector and Local Roads. Pittwater Rd near Eurobin Ave (State of the Environment (#34027) (RTA, 1999). Advisory Council, 1996). The daily trend for traffic in the Manly area is indicated on the A more accurate picture can be Sydney Buses Brookvale Statistics graph above. The daily trends are drawn from including the new since the 1997/98 period indicate determined through the addition loop detector at Queenscliff bridge an increase in patronage (source of loop detectors at Sydney Rd which was introduced in 1996, from Brookvale Depot, 2000): near Burnt Bridge Creek where the daily traffic count has increased by 5 thousand cars in three years. Sydney Busses Brookvale Statistics The SHOROC Transport Policy Measured parametres 1997/98 1998/9 1999/2000 (1998) has identified more than 8,500 Manly residents travel by Scheduled bus trips 382, 500 365,000 363,274 car, 1,200 by ferry and 2,600 by bus each day. The table below Adult fares (trips) 12,000,000 12,700,000 12,864,000 indicates that there are 18,912 vehicles (not including registered A total of 5,888,913 patrons travelled the Sydney Ferry and Jetcat trailers) registered to owners in service to and from Manly in 1999/2000, with a total of 4,368,797 ferry the Manly LGA (Statistics and 1,520,116 jetcat passengers (Sydney Ferry Data, 2000). The graph provided by the RTA of NSW, below demonstrates the increasing patronage. 2000) a decrease of 51 vehicles from 1998/99. There are currently Sydney Ferry and Jet Cat Patronage 20,140 registered vehicle operators, a decrease of 4313 from 1998/99 and a further 5181 decrease since 1997/8 (Statistics provided by the RTA of NSW, 2000). The SHOROC Policy also identified the approach to the Spit Bridge as a major traffic congestion area, where southbound traffic from Warringah Road, the Burnt Bridge Creek deviation and Sydney Road converge on the approach to the Spit Bridge. AIR 73 Vehicle Registration Statistics for the Manly LGA Statistics provided by the RTA of NSW, 2000). Adjusted for postcodes shared by more than one LGA. Diesel LP Unleaded Petrol Leaded Fuel Type Others Group Petrol and LPG Petrol Not Total Recorded
Bus 18 0 4 0 2 0 0 24 Motorcycle 0 0 276 0 91 4 0 371 Trailer 0 0 0 0 0 0 1228 1228 Plant & Tractor 10 1 2 1 1 1 0 16 Prime Mover 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Rigid Truck 146 3 195 2 68 15 2 431 Passenger Vehicle 27 63 12,650 54 2014 458 8 15274 Utility & Van 235 4 2172 21 326 32 5 2795 Total 437 71 15299 78 2502 510 1243 20,140
Odours are produced from several Registered Operators in Manly LGA as at June 2000 sources in Manly, with many complaints received by Council regarding premises manufacturing and processing food, the sewage pumping stations/treatment plant, overflows (Sydney Water, 1998b), sludge trucks carrying biosolids from the North Head Sewerage Treatment Plant and paint fumes.
Council received 11 complaints directly relating to offensive odours, fumes or smells. No penalty infringement notices were issued for breaches of the Protection of the Environment Operations Act during the reporting period. The above graph indicates the 4.4.4 Odours total, gender ratio and age An Odour survey is to be grouping of the RTA register of ‘Bad smells’—or rather odours, undertaken in the Balgowlah area vehicle keepers (Statistics are an important issue with the following clustered odour provided by the RTA of NSW, public, with from 30% to 60% of complaints. This should assist 2000). all air pollution complaints Council’s investigations by received by State environmental identifying odour sources, agencies relating to odours (State leading to specific odour of the Environment Advisory abatement education and Council 1996). The gases and enforcement. aerosols usually responsible for unpleasant odours are volatile organic and sulphur containing compounds. The odours detected are usually mixtures, making it difficult to quantify and regulate them.
74 4.5 RESPONSE TO 4.5.1.2 Cities for Climate 4.5.1.3 Energy Smart THESE Protection Business In December, 1998, Council Programme PRESSURES signed a commitment to The NSW Government’s participate in the International Sustainable Energy Development 4.5.1 Greenhouse Cities for Climate Protection Authority’s (SEDA) Energy Smart Challenge Programme (CCP), to reduce the Business Program provides a Programme production of greenhouse gas mechanism whereby businesses emissions. This committed are encouraged to upgrade their Council established the Manly Council to completing 5 major premises with energy-efficient Greenhouse Challenge milestones, each a significant equipment. Programme in February 1999 as a step to reducing greenhouse gas response to actions identified in emissions. To become an Energy Smart the Manly Conservation Strategy. Business partner, Council This programme commits Council Council completed Milestone 1 in committed to: and community to reducing August, 1999. This Milestone greenhouse gas emissions, by required Council to establish an m sign a voluntary Memorandum combining monitoring, inventory and forecast for key of Understanding (MOU) with forecasting, education delivered sources of greenhouse gas SEDA by the Manly Environment Centre emissions for Manly Council and m develop an energy efficiency (school, community and Council the community. This had taken action plan within three staff), new technologies, Council staff 8 months to months alternative fuel use, policy, design complete and is considered a m upgrade 75% of Council and implementation to reduce significant achievement. operations, where profitable, greenhouse gas emissions, over five years. decrease energy use and make Milestone 2—Setting an significant cost savings in Council Emissions Reduction Goal, was SEDA has offered Council free and the community. completed in March 2000. The technical assistance through Greenhouse Gas Emissions Council’s Partner Support Since the programme’s Reduction Goal is the quantified Managers to identify and help implementation (February, 1999), objective to be set for the local implement profitable energy $81,173 has been saved on energy action plan. It represents a efficiency projects. expenditure based on 1997/8 quantitative objective for the local consumption and cost. action plan against which Council Council received an award at the can evaluate proposed measures SEDA Green Globe Awards recognising the completion of two 4.5.1.1 Award Success: and monitor progress. major milestones: Local Government Council also considered Manly’s Excellence in the m development of Council’s five Environment leading role and achievements in year action plan Awards & Metro reducing waste to landfill and as m Pride Manly has an above average implementation of a cost– success rate, should set a higher effective upgrade project in Council was awarded the overall target than the generally the Council Chambers, winner and Division winner of the accepted 20%. Therefore a referred to as a representative Energy Efficiency/Greenhouse reduction goal of 25% was set for space. Award for the Local Government both the Council and Community Excellence in the Environment Council’s Action Plan has sectors. Awards 1998-99, presented by the identified the 6 highest electricity Local Government and Shires consuming sites as areas for Associations of NSW. action over the next 5 years: Council Chambers, Manly Library, Council was awarded ‘Highly Andrew ‘Boy’ Charleton Manly Commended’ for the Swim Centre, Manly Council Environmentally Friendly and Depot, Manly Art Gallery & Renewable Energy Practices Museum, and the Whistler St Category for the Metro Pride Carpark. Awards, presented by Keep Australia Beautiful. AIR 75 The total investment and savings to date are as follows: Project CO2e Total GJ Cost IRR Savings/yr
1 printer, 4 large copiers 8.05 32 $613 Upgrade to triphosphor tubes 17.36 68 $704 214% $1,510 43 x Enviro Disks (125w MH) 12 51 $5,449.20 29% $1,522 11 x Enviro Disks (125w MH) 3.32 13 $1,394 27% $389 Delamp with Reflectors 5.6 22 $1,449 31% $926 CFL delamp, reflectors, triphosphor 6.6 26 $1,978 27% $556 Installation of gas hot water 7.2 28 $2,000 41% $840
TOTAL 60.13 240 $12,974.20 61.50% $6,356 average
CO2e = equivalent CO2 (greenhouse gas savings) IRR = Estimated Rate of Return.
Total investment: $12,974.20 Total savings: $6,356.00 per year Average IRR: 61.5% Average Payback 2.4 years Total Greenhouse Gas Savings: 60.13 tonnes
Current projects include the With Council’s win at the asked to rate their house or unit potential replacement of the Excellence in the Environment using the score sheet in the Town Hall air conditioning Awards, Council won three places Watt’s What? Guide. Then they system, which promises to save (worth $500 each) to the drew a picture of their ideal more than 99.36 tonnes of Australian Municipal Energy energy efficient house or unit and greenhouse gases per year. Improvement Facility (AMEIF) submitted this to the Manly Green Energy Learning Environment Centre as their 4.5.1.4 Staff Education & Programme, developed by entry. Great prizes were offered the Australian Newcastle City Council to for the winners and their school. Municipal Energy transfer its award winning The purpose of the project was to Improvement knowledge and experience in educate and involve students, Facility (AMEIF) greenhouse action. In addition, their parents and teachers on Green Energy Council has won another three how to reduce greenhouse gases Learning places through completion of through energy conservation and Programme Milestone One for the Cities for efficiency. Workshop Climate Protection Campaign. To complement the Energy Smart Council has sent three staff in 4.5.1.6 Community Energy Business Programme, the February, 2000, and also three Education Environmental Education Officer staff in December, 1998. Three A series of community workshops conducted a comprehensive staff places have been held in credit were held for targeted community training programme for Council for future staff. groups in the Manly Lagoon staff. This programme included catchment. These workshops, displays, regular educational e- 4.5.1.5 The Green House also supported by Energy mails, a regular Energy Link Project for Schools Australia, were part of an overall newsletter, stickers, posters and Primary schools on the Northern community awareness campaign staff competition. The Beaches were involved in an in conjunction with other competition aimed to create staff exciting new initiative called the national, state and local awareness and encourage Green House Project, based on initiatives to reduce greenhouse involvement in environmental the Watt’s What? Energy Guide gas emissions. The workshops initiatives by providing incentives produced by the Manly focussed on group work and ($150 voucher at Harvey Norman Environment Centre (MEC) and active participation relating to Balgowlah as well as indoor supported by Energy Australia. issues such as the greenhouse plants) for the most creative ideas This guide educated about energy effect, global warming and how to and suggestions regarding usage / efficiency and acted as a save money and energy at home energy and water efficiency and home energy audit kit for kids. and at work. The community conservation, both at home and at Students from 21 primary schools responded very well to these fun work. on the Northern Beaches were and informative sessions.
76 4.5.1.7 Green Power shown that patronage of buses on Council resolved to allocate the Northern Beaches to city run $6,000 in the 2000/01 budget for has increased by 6% compared to ‘Green Power’. This is equivalent the same time last year (Gomola, to 10% of energy use for Council’s 1999). A passenger check at contestable sites—the Council Collaroy in a weekday in July Offices, Manly Library, Manly Art 1999 showed that between Gallery and Manly Swim Centre, 6.45am and 9.05am, 195 people being the greatest energy use boarded a city or Milsons Point facilities. bus. On that same day 2,091 commuters passed by the Collaroy bus stop on express or 4.5.1.8 Alternative Fuels limited stop buses between the To date, Council has added 7 LPG same time period. (dual fuel) vehicles to its fleet. These vehicles are under study in order to evaluate their economy, 4.5.3 Manly Bicycle functionality of vehicles equipped Planning with dual fuel and user acceptance. Council has installed full bicycle racks at the following locations: Council also has a program for gas conversion of some units in m along the South Steyne Surf Club the heavy fleet underway. m along the North Steyne Surf Club 4.5.2 SHOROC—Park m at the Queencliff Surf Club And Ride m in the Corso immediately Project south of Darley Road. The SHOROC Group of Councils Council has constructed 100m of adopted the SHOROC Regional on-road cycle path including a Transport Policy on 25th July, bicycle refuge at the intersection 1998. One of the recommended of Kenneth Road & Addiscombe actions from the Regional Road. Transport Policy was to investigate potential Park and Currently, a 1 kilometre off-road Ride facilities at major stops at bicycle route along Burnt Bridge Newport Beach, Warriewood, Creek between Brooke Road & Mona Vale and Collaroy, to Baringa Avenue is on public encourage Pittwater and exhibition. It is envisaged that Warringah residents to use public this project will be completed by transport for the journey to work. the end of this financial year. This will assist to decrease the number of cars using the Burnt Bridge Creek By-pass through the 4.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR Manly LGA. MANAGEMENT PLAN The NSW Department of m continue the development and maintenance of the bicycle Transport funded $15,000 which network. was matched by the member m undertake a public transport survey with support from the Councils, to implement a Park & Manly Council Community Environment Committee. Ride pilot scheme.
Sydney Buses have given a commitment to extend the Park & Ride service indefinitely. The new bus timetable is working well for Sydney Buses and five new buses have been put into service during the morning peak. Research by Sydney Buses has AIR 77 4.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
AR1 Encourage energy efficiency in CI S H Initiated Rebates on shower heads, solar hot home and workplace water heaters, photovoltaics.
AR4 Liaise with SEDA in regard to PDE O M Initiated See AR6 for results. latest energy efficient technology
AR5 Undertake energy audit of all AMC S H Initiated Council awarded Milestone 2– Council buildings and reduction goal set. Milestone 3–Local operations. Action Plan, now being initiated.
AR6 Undertake recommendations of AMC S M Initiated Invested $12929 energy audit. Annual Savings $6356 Average IRR of projects 62% Greenhouse gas emissions (GGE) 60.13 Tonnes PA.
AR8.1 Council vehicle fleet having AMC M M Initiated 7 LPG cars have been purchased as alternative environmentally part of the total light fleet within friendly fuels. Council.
AR9 Investigate the viability of AMC M, M Initiated Geothermal not appropriate for renewable energy sources to Council Town Hall. Will pursue supplement Council’s energy conventional system with economy supplies. cycle and energy savings.
AR13 Develop and distribute resource CI/ S M Initiated Sydney Water Every Drop Counts materials through hardware PDE project. Postcard distribution to all stores and other outlets which households on the Northern Beaches. outline benefits of incorporating renewable energy inclusions into new and existing dwellings.
AR15 Encourage and promote the use CI M H Initiated See AR9 above. of energy alternatives.
AR20.3 Publicise environmentally CI M H Initiated Ongoing provision of education friendly driving techniques and material—Living Creeks brochure benefits of regular car tuning covers this. and servicing.
AR24 Education program on air CI M M Initiated Incorporated into community quality. workshops, except multilingual information.
AR29 Adopt relevant PDE O M Completed Council’s Manly Greenhouse recommendations of the NSW Challenge Programme addresses Greenhouse Policy. both international agreements and federal and state policy.
AR30 Enhanced Greenhouse Effect CI O M Initiated Negotiations with Energy Australia & education. Australian Greenhouse Office to extend the programme Australia wide.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. 78 Waste
s the population continues to grow, waste is growing proportionally, Aplacing greater pressure on our waste management systems. We all need to be responsible for our waste, and avoid generating it in the first place.
5.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Total volume of domestic waste sent to landfill (no recycling) (tonnes) 6,052.589 6,243.4 6,206.2 6,149.330 è
Total volume of domestic waste diverted to recycling (tonnes) 5,088 7,511.75 7,689.25 7,681.01 è
Public place waste (tonnes) does not include GPT waste 1,898 1,041.42 1,085.08 1,540.66 ç
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability
5.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m to reduce the total amount of waste sent to landfill from Manly m to ensure that waste disposal does not compromise the integrity of the environment or human health m to create a resource efficient community within Manly. WASTE 79 5.2 COMMUNITY 5.3 STATE OF OUR WASTE SYSTEMS PERCEPTIONS At the 2000 SoE Community 5.3.1 Waste Disposal Sites/Landfill Workshop, participants identified the following major issues of Waste Disposal Sites concern: the overuse of takeaway food containers and the State Putrescible/ general household waste Belrose Waste Management Centre Government’s lack of support for Container Deposit Legislation. Paper & cardboard Belrose Waste Management Centre
Positive initiatives in Manly Solid waste Kimbriki Recycling & Waste identified by the Workshop Disposal Centre include the establishment of the Manly Food Co-op (1997), kerb Glass Belrose Waste Management Centre side collection of recyclables, green vegetation and wastes, the Plastics for recycling Belrose Waste Management Centre Events Waste Policy and the draft DCP for waste management. Aluminium Belrose Waste Management Centre
Recommendations of the Garden Waste Kimbriki Recycling & Waste Workshop included the need for Disposal Centre all community members to lobby for Container Deposit Legislation, The Kimbriki Materials Recovery There is an estimated five years enforce littering laws and Facility is a Solid Waste Class landfill space left at the Belrose encourage composting and Two Non-Putrescible Landfill and Waste Management Centre for avoidance of waste. Recovery Centre managed by putrescible wastes. An inquiry is Warringah Council for Pittwater, currently taking place with regard Mosman, Warringah and Manly to landfill space in the Sydney Councils and has a life region due early September, 2000. expectancy of 60.8 years as at An agreement has been drawn up July 2000, compared with by the Northern Sydney Regional approximately 10 years in 1990. Waste Planning and Management During 1999/2000, 72% of all Board and SHOROC to ensure the materials entering the facility Warringah, Manly, Mosman and were recycled (pers. Comm. Peter Pittwater Councils have sole use Duffy, Kimbriki Materials of the Centre for the remaining Recovery Facility). The Facility years. has recently purchased 10 hectares of land with the There are no active landfill sites intention of building a large in the Manly Council LGA. recycling centre to further extend the life of the landfill.
80 5.4 PRESSURES Manly’s Domestic Waste Collection ON OUR WASTE SYSTEMS
5.4.1 Major Waste Streams The National Solid Waste Classification System classifies solid waste into three major streams according to the origin of the waste: m municipal m construction and demolition m commercial and industrial. Manly’s Public Place Waste The Kinhill Waste Minimisation Strategy for Manly estimated that 42,225 tonnes of waste was produced in Manly in 1996. This was composed of the following waste stream components— domestic (30%), commercial and industrial (20%), construction and demolition (42%) and public place (8%) (Kinhill, 1997).
5.4.1.1 Municipal Waste The total amount of recyclable organic material disposed of in the Northern Sydney Region is in the order of 110,000 tonnes per for decreasing waste in public Landfill space is now rare and annum representing an estimated areas, such as the mobile high-cost. The Northern Sydney disposal cost of over $5 million dishwashing service at Public Waste Board plans to have landfill per year. The Waste Board notes Events, and the Events Policy. sites situated at remote locations that Manly has contributed 1,626 Public place waste includes waste and the need to operate on high tonnes of kerbside-collected material collected from reserves, environmental standards have green organics to Kimbriki in beaches, plaza areas and street made disposal a costly exercise. 1999. In addition 150 car and 100 sweeping activities. Council is Yet there continues to be a trailer loads of green organics are increasing its street sweeping growing trend by residents to pay self-hauled to Kimbriki each activities to assist with the private contractors (in addition to month. improvement of water quality. Council domestic waste charge The graph top right indicates an and service) for private collection increase in Manly’s total domestic and disposal of larger volumes, To give an indication of paper use, waste to landfill (tonnes). which is not contributing to a if Council stacked the reams of However, the increase has been in reduction of waste. An ongoing paper on top of one another (not recycling rates, and domestic concern from an environmental end on end), the stack would be waste to landfill is continuing to perspective is the lack of as tall as a 88 storey building increase. Manly’s waste to legislation for Container Deposit (based on 2.6m per floor). landfill is well below the North Legislation which would place Sydney average (NSW Dept Local Government 2000). Council paper use (in reams): 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 Public place waste collection on the graph mid-right indicates an White Photocopy (in reams) 4704 3440 3875 increasing trend over the past 3 years, despite Council’s initiatives Total paper use (in reams) Not available 5668 4361 WASTE 81 responsibility directly onto those 5.4.2 Council Waste 5.4.2.1 Financial who manufacture and consume Management Considerations products which create waste. Services Due to the limited landfill for Sydney’s waste, the cost to 5.4.1.2 Construction and Council provides a domestic Councils for disposing of Demolition Waste waste and recycling service at domestic wastes is becoming market prices to the Manly LGA The Kinhill report (1997) stated increasingly more expensive. to provide for the purpose of that in 1996, domestic waste may Should the Northern Sydney community health and has regard account for less than half of the Waste Board commence long for the protection of the total waste stream, and that haulage to more remote landfill environment and increasing construction and demolition sites in the near future, costs are emphasis on waste avoidance waste is a highly significant part anticipated to increase three-fold. and minimisation. of the waste stream, possibly as Domestic waste collections costs high as 36%. The current domestic service is: in 1997/8 were $1,773,328.13— increasing to $2,749,000 m one x 55 litre bin per week 5.4.1.3 Hazardous Waste (including depreciation) for 1999/ plus a sticker system ($3) per Management 2000. Public area cleaning costs additional collection An average household is thought in 1997/8 were $1,508,076.07, m a 120 litre recycling collection to dispose of from 1.5 to 2kg of increasing to $1,956,000 in 1999/ for paper/cardboard and 120 hazardous waste per year. As it is 2000. indicating that public area litre co-mingled recyclable very expensive to collect, costs (including tourism wastes) materials (glass, aluminium, transport, store and dispose of are 71% of Council’s total waste PET, HDPE, liquid paperboard these wastes, this is a serious management bill. and steel cans) emptied problem. Unfortunately no waste alternate weeks. minimisation strategies exist to reduce the amounts households m two general clean-ups per 5.4.3 Special Events generate. It is therefore the year responsibility of the individual to m a monthly green waste (of an 5.4.3.1 One Summer Event unlimited quantity) collection purchase carefully and *Please refer to the Noise and per year responsibly. Council promotes the Social Environment Chapter for annual hazardous waste The current commercial service further information. collection services offered by comprises: Sydney Water at the Belrose The One Summer Event was Waste Facility to remove any m a waste service with container presented by On Line Sports Events on 5th and 6th February unwanted chemicals from the sizes ranging from 55 litres to community. 2.2 cubic metres, with a seven 2000. This was the culmination of day morning and afternoon a sporting series that brought together the Uncle Toby’s Data gap: operation. Ironman competition and the St 1. Quantity of hazardous wastes m a recycling service that George Triathlon in the final produced in the LGA. collects paper/cardboard and event at Manly Beach. co-mingled recyclate (same material as Residential) in There was concern regarding the containers varying from 120 impacts of the event on both the litres to 2.2 cubic metres social and natural environmental seven days per week surrounding the venue. In m an on-call rubbish removal particular, regarding giveaways service and on the use of non-recyclable products which were in breach of Council’s conditions for waste management at events.
A number of companies ambush marketed at the event. One company was fined by Rangers while other companies were too difficult to contact on the day and disappeared before Rangers or Event Organisers could be contacted. The Beach Services Co-ordinator was able to identify 82 one of the companies since that 5.4.4 Littering and 5.5 RESPONSE TO time and they have been issued Illegal Dumping THESE with a fine. Litter is the most common visual PRESSURES Two of the event sponsors used pollutant affecting our waterways packaging that did not comply and terrestrial environment. 5.5.1 On the Ground with the Waste Guidelines. These Beaches are often lined along the Activities companies were fined and one tide marks with plastics, bottles, shut down until the approved tangled fishing lines, nets and 5.5.1.1 Mobile Dishwasher packaging was introduced whilst other rubbish discarded by the other ceased distribution of humans. Litter enters the The mobile dishwasher operated the offending product. environment after being for the second time at the Manly carelessly dropped by passers-by, Food & Wine Festival in June 2000. A number of refinements have washed from building sites, This year a $2 refundable plate been added to the Event blown out of bins, washed down deposit was trialled in order to Guidelines issued to prospective stormwater drains, dumped off ensure re-usable plates were event organisers to emphasize ships and boats, or from remote returned into the operating the compliance issues more sources after drifting with the forcefully in relation to Waste system. The trial proved that ocean currents. Litter not only introducing a deposit system Minimisation and non-compliance looks bad, it poses a major threat effectively returned plates to the with event conditions for the sale to marine life. system, and reduced the overall of merchandise not associated level of waste produced at the with the event. For example, the It is estimated that 7 billion event. bond taken for events will now tonnes of debris enters the cover non-compliance with waste world’s oceans each year, 48— In comparison, when no deposit minimisation conditions and other 99% being plastic (NSW EPA was charged, the number of plates more general conditions as well 1995). Council’s Waste and returned to the system decreased, as damage to the beach reserve. Cleansing Team collect between placing demands on limited one to seven tonnes of resources to collect the non- Council officers have analysed the stormwater litter per week from returned plates. It was also issues raised by the presentation Manly ocean and harbour noticed that Festival patrons were of such a large event in Manly. beaches. This amount varies due not disposing of nor separating This analysis has identified the to a number of factors, including their waste if there was no need for some change to the weather events such as rainfall incentive to return the plate. information provided to and wind. Should a southerly Analyses of the waste stream prospective event organisers, in “buster” wind be occurring, revealed there was less the level of detail required by Manly harbour beaches receive contamination of recyclables, Council in event applications, harbour litter which can originate compostables and general additional briefing sessions for from the Lane Cove and garbage, when the deposit scheme Rangers and Beach Staff in non- Parramatta Rivers. was in operation. compliance issues and for additional conditions to cover the A dedicated Manly resident Council expects the business plan possible forfeiture of part or all of collects rubbish from Manly’s and information package to be the Bond for non-compliance. harbour and ocean beaches every completed by late 2000. This will morning and estimates that over allow Council to generate income two years, 18.25 tonnes of by hiring the facility to other rubbish has been collected, organisations, festivals and Local Authorities. including 35,000 bottles and cans. Already, Council has hired the facility to external organisations, including the Greg Norman International Golf Classic, held at The Lakes Golf Course, Mascot in February 2000. The unit is also fully booked for the Olympic Period and will be operating at an Olympic Contracted Catering Facility at Homebush Bay. Prospective hirers like the convenience of portability as well as the benefits of a reduction in
waste produced. WASTE 83 5.5.1.2 Northern Sydney 5.5.3 Planning It is expected that the strategy Waste Board—Post Instruments, may take up to six months to Consumer Kerbside complete. Recyclables Policies and Management When the Local Government Co- 5.5.3.3 Northern Sydney operative went into liquidation, Plans Waste Board— the exploration of the possibility Regional Waste of the Northern Sydney Waste 5.5.3.1 Development Plan Draft 3 Year Board taking a greater role in Control Plan for Strategic Plan Waste aggregating Council’s 2000-2003 Minimisation and significance and influence in the Management Council’s Waste Committee market place has been explored reviewed the Regional Waste Plan Council is preparing a draft further and the Northern Sydney Draft 3 Year Strategic Plan 2000- Development Control Plan for Waste Board has now agreed to 2003 plan and held discussions act as a ‘Regional Manager’ to Waste Minimisation and concerning Council’s proposed Management. facilitate optimal arrangements submission for the Regional for processing and/or selling of Waste Plan. The aim of the Development recyclables collected in the Control Plan is to encourage northern region, comprising Council endorsed the submission waste avoidance, reuse and eleven Councils and a population to the Northern Sydney Waste recycling in the demolition and of approximately 770,000. Board Waste Board forwarded in construction sectors and assist in December 1999. the planning of waste facilities for 5.5.2 Awards new developments. The Development Control Plan 5.5.4 Committee 5.5.2.1 Waste Management will require development Updates —Award for applicants to submit a waste Excellence in management plan that identifies 5.5.4.1 Joint Service Waste Minimisation Committee— waste produced during by a Local Kimbriki Waste & demolition, construction and site Government Body Recycling Centre occupancy and provide details on Council was presented with a the proposed management of that The various management options third prize award for Excellence waste. which have been considered by in Waste Minimisation at the the SHOROC Councils over the NSW Waste Management past two years regarding the 5.5.3.2 Waste Conference and Expo 2000 held at Kimbriki Waste & Recycle Centre Management— Australian Technology Park on Green Organics were considered by Warringah the 7th and 8th of June. Strategy Council in March 2000. The Council resolved to decline to The awards are sponsored by the The impending ban on disposal of negotiate any different Environment Protection Authority green organic waste to landfill is management option arrangement action one of the NSW Green and Waste Services NSW. to replace the current Joint Representatives from Waste Waste Action Plan (EPA 1997), Service Committee and they will Services NSW, the EPA and the which proposed that green not be pursuing any joint organic waste be banned from NSW Waste Board conduct management arrangement after judging of the awards based on landfill by 1st January 1998. The the expiration of the current annual recycling and garbage Northern Sydney Waste Board agreement (1 January 2007). collection statistics. proposed a timetable that is currently before the Minister, At an appropriate time, Warringah Council was commended for a recommending a green organics Council will negotiate agreements 58% diversion rate of material ban commencing towards the end with those Councils regarding from landfill and consistent of 2001. their, and their residents, access performance in the area of waste to Kimbriki after 1 January 2007. minimisation. In order to progress a regional solution for the collection, transport, processing and marketing of recyclable organics all constituent Councils are participating in formulating a regional strategy through a Regional Green Organics Strategy Working Party. 84 5.5.5 Environment Levy Projects Environment Levy Projects (relevant to this chapter) Relevant to this Project Budget Target / Completion Date Chapter For progress on each project, 6. Mobile Dishwashing Facility Total: $63,500 please see the Implementation Grant: $33,500 May 1999 chapter.
5.5.6.2 Composting 5.5.7 Manly Food 5.5.6 Education Workshops Initiatives Co-operative The Waste Minimisation Manly Food Co-operative, located Education Officer continues to 5.5.6.1 Great Taste Less at 21b Whistler St, Manly, is a conduct monthly composting Waste at the Manly not-for-profit community workshops at the Stella Maris Food and Wine organisation that offers friendly Community Eco Garden Festival waste free shopping, organically addressing composting, worm *Refer to the Mobile Dishwasher grown foods and other household farming, eco gardening and other report earlier. products which support the aspects of waste reduction. These environment and community. The waste reduction initiatives at free workshops aim to educate the 2000 festival were residents in waste avoidance and successfully assisted by 200 minimisation, particularly in volunteer hours. The colour relation to diverting all vegetation coordinated flags on recycling and food scraps from landfill by stations, posters on food stalls composting or worm farming at and t-shirts were very effective at home. directing patrons to dispose of their compostables, recyclables and waste. 5.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN The $2 refunds on washable plates acted as an excellent m continue to encourage composting and avoidance and to lobby incentive for patrons to return for Container Deposit Legislation. plates on the Saturday until change ran out at 4pm. By contrast on Sunday, when there was no deposit, large numbers of plates were left lying where people dropped them and had to be collected for return to the dishwasher.
Manly Council’s Mobile Dishwashing Facility WASTE 85 5.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
W1 Establish a user-friendly & efficient WC O H Initiated Waste Planner and Waste office waste minimisation scheme and ed Educator working on a review bi-annually. This includes the number on initiatives. development of a comprehensive staff training program.
W2 Develop Council practices to Ed. S H Initiated Council currently reviewing purchase recycled goods where the Northern Sydney Waste possible. Board generic procurement policy to develop Manly specific policy.
W6.1 Construction and Demolition DCP. PDE M M Initiated Original Draft ‘Waste Not’ DCP has been reviewed and has been given to staff for comment. Draft to be presented to Council at SPC meeting of 31 July 2000.
W6.3 Investigate planning instruments to PDE M M Initiated Original Draft ‘Waste Not’ encourage separation of recyclables DCP has been reviewed and in the commercial and industrial has been given to staff for sector, and in the construction and comment. Draft to be demolition sector, and encourage on presented to Council at SPC site sorting. meeting of 31 July 2000.
W6.4 Demonstrations of best practice WC S H Initiated New Waste Educator is waste avoidance recycling in the C&I ed working with the NSWB to and C&D sectors help reduce C&I waste, through the ‘Waste Savers’ program. C&D waste reduction relates to the ‘Waste Not’ DCP, which is being developed by PDE.
W7 Promote wastewise business WC M L Initiated Waste Educator is introducing agreements (to set targets and ed the ‘waste savers’ program, achievable goals, minimise waste, which assists businesses to report bac—ie. Savings in resources reduce/avoid waste. and monies). Set up a wastewise registry and accreditation system.
W8.1 Providing achievement awards — PDE L M Completed See Green Business Awards recogition for businesses with Ed below. NSWB interested in innovative waste management developing regional awards. programmes.
W8.3 Business/Industry waste reduction WC M M Completed Ceremony for Green achievements. Business Awards organised by the Environmental Education Officer. For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms. 86 Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Comments Reference
W9.5 Publicise the Internet waste WC ed M H Completed Information and explanation exchange—a Waste to Resource— of service given to Customer matching system—waste becomes Service. someone else’s resource.
W9.3 Encourage and assist to undertake WC L L Initiated See ‘Waste Savers’ program waste minimisation audits on an ed below. annual basis and publicise successful results.
W9.4 Encourage community, commercial WC M M Initiated Waste Educator is and industrial businesses to reduce ed introducing the ‘Waste and reuse office and other waste, by Savers’ program, which providing information on options for assists businesses to reduce/ recycling and promoting benefits, and avoid waste. Also Educator is education. visiting residences that have been detected as poor recyclers, to proactively improve this area.
W9.7 Improve recycling participation—less CCS/ S M Initiated New designs for the Public one-use containers in public places ed Place recycling bins are *** being evaluated to improve hand to the integrity of the deposited PDE material.
W9.9 Encourage increased separation of WC/ed M M Completed New brochure has been waste delivered to all Manly residents. Completed.
W18 Assess & monitor garbage collection WC S H Completed Diversion of recyclables by with emphasis on waste minimisation Council’s Trade Waste customers has improved to about 30% due to an added focus of improving this area. The new Waste Educator is also focusing on reducing contamination in the residential recycling by improving detection methods and follow-up procedures.
W20 Encourage domestic composting. WC M M Completed Composting workshops continue monthly and on demand for groups. New Green Waste display at MEC.
W21 Investigate the feasibility of requiring PDE M H Residential Information / requirements waste management plans for zone have been incorporated in appropriate development completed review of the Residential applications. Smaller applications to DCP. be given appropriate advisory notes, larger developments to submit plans.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble–Acronyms. WASTE 87 Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Comments Reference
W22 Build into DCPs planning for space PDE M M Residential Information / requirements in appropriate development (DCP to zone have been incorporated in identify type and size of completed review of the Residential development) which can be devoted DCP. to green waste reduction, such as composting, worm farming, mulching. This shall be included as part of the open space allocation.
W26 Develop ‘how to’ guides for avoiding WC S H Completed Social Change Media has the use of toxics, and better ed developed and advertised management of them. the above mentioned brochure which is being utilised by the MEC and Customer Service.
W28 Mobile dishwasher service CCS S H Initiated Final grant report and business plan and information package being finalised.
W35 Encourage avoid, reduce, reuse, WC, Ongoing Ongoing Program has begun and recycle in high density dwellings. ed. results will be available following evaluation.
W37 Survey—baseline of community WC/ M M Initiated Waste Educator is currently understanding—bi-annually and ed developing a database and target areas which have low is targeting those areas that participation rates. require attention.
W39 Charities to provide a list of useful WC, M M Completed Promoted through bi-weekly items. ED. column in Manly Daily.
W40 Educate the community to minimise WC, H ongoing Initiated A new format for the green waste. ed. monthly composting/ vermiculture workshops has been devised by the new Waste Educator and is currently being implemented. Monthly workshops occurring at the Eco-Garden.
W41 Community composting and WC, H ongoing Completed Monthly workshops demonstration area. ed. occurring at Eco-garden. Funding has been made available to ensure the garden is maintained as well as funding to develop a further garden at a place yet to be determined. Complete.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
88 Noise
hen a sound is undesirable to a listener, it is regarded as noise Wpollution. There are three different undesirable effects of noise: amenity effects, health effects, and communication effects.
6.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Number of noise complaints received Council: Council: Council: ç by Council and EPA 105 122 150 EPA: 2 EPA: nil. EPA 2
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability
6.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m To minimise, and where possible eliminate, noise pollution problems.
6.2 COMMUNITY 6.3 STATE OF OUR m health effects—tension, ENVIRONMENT headaches and fatigue, may PERCEPTIONS contribute to cardiovascular Major issues of concern identified WITH REGARD and digestive system at the 2000 SoE Community TO NOISE ailments; Workshop included the problems When a sound is undesirable to a m communication effects— of noise created by jet skis, late listener, it is regarded as noise interference with business parties, barking dogs, traffic - pollution. There are three different and social communication, including trucks carrying undesirable effects of noise: reduction in enjoyment of biosolids, and noise created by activities. patrons leaving Manly CBD hotels. m amenity effects—sleep interference, annoyance (both Noise pollution is considered to Recommendations made by the can lead to health impacts), loss cause a major reduction in the Workshop noted continued of privacy, interference with quality of life. education and enforcement. activities NOISE 89 6.4 PRESSURES There was concern regarding the Council resolved to express CAUSED BY event, in particular concern concern at the impact of a new regarding the noise generated airport at Badgery’s Creek on the NOISE ON THE from the media helicopter. people of the Greater West and ENVIRONMENT support the call of Goulburn City Council does not control air space, Excessive noise in Manly is Council and the Goulburn however, in future Event usually associated with: Chamber of Commerce for an EIS Organisers will be required to to be carried out for a second m transport (2699 truck indicate more fully the nature of airport at Goulburn. movements from North Head expected media coverage with a per year (Sydney Water, 1998)) view to ensuring that a media There has been increasing reports helicopter does not hover above and concerns regarding aircraft m construction an event for extended periods. A noise in the Manly Council area m rubbish removal condition will also be included in following changes to flights m industry future approvals to ensure that paths. m public entertainment any use of helicopters for media m air conditioner units coverage is not at a level that will m barking dogs cause nuisance to residents. 6.5 RESPONSE TO m swimming pool pumps Council officers have analysed the THESE m building site noise issues raised by the presentation PRESSURES m house and car alarms of such a large event in Manly. The increase in noise complaints m private parties and amplifiers This analysis has identified the has prompted the inclusion of for music. need for some change to the noise controls in the review of the information provided to In 1999/2000 Council Rangers and Residential DCP in an attempt to prospective event organisers, in Environmental Health Officers ensure these matters are the level of detail required by received 150 complaints directly prevented BEFORE new Council in event applications, relating to noise pollution. This is developments take place. It is additional briefing sessions for an increase from 122 received in hoped that noise complaints Rangers and Beach Staff in non- the last reporting period, and 105 would begin to plateau and compliance issues and for the year prior, however, this may slowly decrease over time additional conditions to cover the reflect a resident’s ability to following the introduction of the possible forfeiture of part or all of report an incident. Three Noise DCP and the continuation of the Bond for non-compliance with Control Notices, three Pollution dissemination of educational conditions of consent to control, Prevention Notices, one Noise material and our enforcement where possible, the excessive use Abatement Direction and one actions. of helicopter media coverage. infringement were issued in 1999/ The Environmental Health 2000. There were no prosecutions. Officers undertook individual In 1999/2000 there were two noise 6.4.2 Sydney Flight- noise readings using the Bruel & pollution incident reports made to path Noise Kjaer Type 2236 Precision Sound Level Meter. These readings were the NSW EPA (NSW EPA Pollution Adjusted flight path planning has taken ranging from business Incident Reports, 1997/98). This indicated an impact on Manly hours to 12.30am. Results are represents 4% of all pollution LGA is likely, more so over the analysed using the Bruel & Kjaer incident reports to the EPA during next few years. It is understood Reporter Type 7736 Noise this period. that Manly will have a share of Application Software installed on the plane movements flying the Environmental Health Unit’s through local airspace. 6.4.1 Special Events PC. Council Officers continued to seek Remaining noise complaints are 6.4.1.1 One Summer Event information and monitored resolved by the issue of verbal proposals for Sydney Airport and *Please refer to the Waste and and written advice and warnings. Social Environment Chapter for the second Sydney Airport. further information. The One Summer Event was 6.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR presented by On Line Sports Events on 5th and 6th February MANAGEMENT PLAN 2000 at Manly Beach. Continue education and enforcement actions.
90 Aboriginal + Non-Aboriginal Heritage
eritage is defined as those places, objects and indigenous languages Hthat have aesthetic, natural, historic or social significance or other GE special value for future generations as well as for the community today. It provides cultural, physical and emotional links to our past and is integral A to our ‘sense of place’, an element central to the cultural identity of any area and a source of spiritual wellbeing.
7.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
Number of grouped items of heritage 224 226 226 229 è AL HERIT listed on Manly LEP 1993
Number of known Aboriginal sites in 103 112 74 123 è Manly (different (different methodology) methodology)
Areas listed of local, state, national Manly Dam on North Head no no - or world heritage significance the Register of further further the National Estate listings listings (headwaters of Manly Lagoon)
Visitors to Manly Art Gallery 34,000 49,000 è and Museum
LEGEND è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability
7.1.1 Our Aim Key goals of the Manly Conservation Strategy: m to protect and preserve all culturally significant sites including
Aboriginal sites within Manly AL + NON-ABORIGIN m to raise the awareness and appreciation of cultural and Aboriginal heritage in Manly. ABORIGIN 91 7.2 COMMUNITY 7.3 ABORIGINAL 7.3.1.2 Aboriginal Sites PERCEPTIONS HERITAGE Aboriginal heritage encompasses items and sites of cultural Major issues of concern identified significance to the Australian at the 2000 SoE Community 7.3.1 State of our Aboriginal and Torres Strait Workshop included the leasing of Aboriginal Islanders, such as artefacts, the Quarantine Station (and Heritage engraving art sites, sites of associated changes), the religious significance, dance and development of St Patrick’s 7.3.1.1 Aboriginal Heritage music, College Estate, and At the time of European unsympathetic development and The authority responsible for the settlement, the Manly area was conflicts with heritage buildings. management of Aboriginal sites the traditional home of the and relics in NSW on both public Positive initiatives identified by Kuringgai tribe, speakers of the and private land is the NSW the Workshop included Council’s Kuringgai language. The 50 - 60 National Parks and Wildlife work for Aboriginal Aboriginal people who lived in Service. Council is working Reconciliation, Council’s support Manly were known as the closely with the NSW National for the conservation of the Cannalgal clan, while there may Parks and Wildlife Service to Quarantine Station and St also have existed a second clan ensure the conservation of Patrick’s College Estate and known as the Gayimai. The name culturally significant sites within programmes to conserve the ‘Cannalgal’ is derived from the the Manly LGA. Most sites of heritage of Manly. word ‘canna’ meaning to burn. significance are located within A recommendation identified by Initially, relations were good the Sydney Harbour National the Workshop was greater use of between the first European Parks, some are located in Aboriginal names and terms in settlers and the Kuringgai tribe, bushland reserves, others remain Manly. but were soon soured when unidentified in residents’ convicts began stealing from and backyards. attacking the Aborigines. In 1789 NSW NPWS has reported 123 a smallpox epidemic spread known Aboriginal sites in Manly through the local Aboriginal LGA (NPWS data, 2000). tribes and killed between 50–90% of the population. By the 1830s, Breakdown of sites is as follows: only a few dozen Aborigines remained in the Sydney area m axe grinding grooves–2 (Manly Council, 1996). m burials–4 m middens–26 m open camps–13 m rock engraving–26 m shelter with art–12 m shelter with deposit–7 m shelter with midden–31 m other– 2
TOTAL: 123.
92 7.3.2 Pressures on 7.3.3 Response to 7.4 NON- our Aboriginal these ABORIGINAL Heritage Pressures HERITAGE Threats to the conservation of Northern Sydney Region Aboriginal heritage and sites Aboriginal Social Plan—refer to 7.4.1 State of our include: Social Environment chapter. Non-Aboriginal Heritage m lack of understanding, leading 7.3.3.1 NAIDOC Week to vandalism and destruction 7.4.1.1 History of Manly The following events were of sites The area was traditionally conducted: m erosion or damage of sites inhabited by indigenous people GE from wind, water, sun and 1. The Reconciliation Debate ‘A (please see Aboriginal Heritage in human activities this Chapter). It was visited by A Vision for Manly’. A panel of Europeans and claimed for Britain, m loss of language, traditions, indigenous and non which sent an occupying force and/or culture through indigenous speakers provided with settlers and prisoners to isolated generations a range of views on the Sydney Cove in 1788, under m development pressures. progress of Reconciliation to Captain A Phillip, R.N. 2000. They also shared their views for the future of Manly takes its name from the relationships between area’s Aboriginal Clans - Phillip’s Aboriginal peoples and other impression for the natives found in Australians and on the this locale were of a ‘manly’ impacts of the Reconciliation stature. However, Manly did not AL HERIT Walk conducted in May 2000. always have this name, with the estate referred to as Brighton by 2. ‘Your place, my place our Henry Gilbert Smith—the ‘Father place’, an exhibition of prints of Manly’, who later purchased the resulting from a collaboration NAIDOC Week land. of the Ernabella Women’s artists and the Warringah The region remained in a natural Print Makers was held at the state for many years, accessible Manly Art Gallery and only by water and by land via the Museum. The exhibition also punts at The Spit and North included a program of artists Sydney in the 1850s—a two-hour talks and demonstrations of trip. print making. Yet remoteness was not the only 3. A Flag raising ceremony was reason for Manly’s slow conducted by the mayor to development, as settlers were mark the beginning of already at Pittwater. The rough NAIDOC week terrain of Manly made the agricultural potential very poor, 7.3.3.2 Regional Aboriginal seen as a ‘primeval forest’ in 1852. Project The Researcher/Archaeologist has Henry Gilbert Smith recognised the conducted a series of interviews potential of the area, especially for for the oral history component of tourism, with its boundaries both the project. A report and draft adjacent harbour and ocean. On publication is in progress. 9th March, 1853, Smith bought his
first land right in the heart of AL + NON-ABORIGIN present Manly—100 acres for 800 pounds from John Thompson, embracing all lands now north of The Corso to nearly Carlton Street, and bounded by Parkview Road on the west.
Smith developed the area as an estate, responsible for all public amenities, including roads and open space areas such as parks, while creating Australia’s first tourist resort. ABORIGIN 93 Manly Council was formed in Heritage Groups... 1877, 10 years after Smith’s Heritage Listings No of group No. of group departure to England. Prior to listings listings this, Manly was a ‘private town’ 1998/9 1999/2000 for which he was wholly responsible. Smith was then to Architectural and Archaeological Listings 150 153 give Manly Council control of his estate at a very reasonable cost, Landscape items 75 75 with an 1888 deed indicating that another ‘gift’ of land (including Heritage Conservation Area 1 1 Kangaroo, Gilbert and Tower Hill parks, tennis courts and Market There are a total of 229 Heritage Listing Groups on the Manly LEP. Square), was given to Manly 7.4.2.1 Quarantine Station Council for 10 shillings. This 7.4.2 Pressures on included a narrow strip of land on —Conservation the harbour foreshore, resulting in our Non- Management Plan the formation of East and West Aboriginal and Tourist Development Esplanade, and demonstrating Heritage Proposal Smith’s commitment to Threats to the conservation of conserving public open space. NPWS announced its decision to cultural heritage include: lease the Quarantine Station for accommodation and tourist 7.4.1.2 Heritage Sites m lack of awareness and appreciation of cultural related commercial activities in Non-Aboriginal heritage includes February 2000. The lessee, heritage, often resulting in historic sites modified and built Mawlands Pty Ltd, is currently environments with community damage of important cultural features finalising an Environmental values, such as townscapes, Impact Statement for public buildings, roads, and aspects of Development, including: exhibition and comment. our current multicultural society involving ethnic traditions, m development adjacent to sites Council’s principal concern is to cultural events, national, state, m detraction of special qualities protect the heritage and cultural and local symbols, artworks, craft, m loss of views important to significance of the Quarantine and literature. heritage Station for present and future generations and to ensure that m loss of heritage colour Cultural landscape is part of appropriate preservation, use and schemes cultural heritage, and refers to management of the site occurs. those parts of the environment m unsympathetic alterations and that have been significantly additions A new conservation management modified by human activity, and m destruction Plan was prepared by the NPWS, as such distinguishes them from m loss of record and was endorsed by the NSW the natural landscape, where m deterioration Heritage Council in April 2000. human impact is less apparent. A m population pressures—as the Council and community cultural landscape is an representatives participated in a population grows, pressure expression of human attitudes, mounts for an increase in reference group which sought to values and interactions with the residential densities around ensure that the natural environment, and the relation of environmental and cultural values town centres and public people and place. transport modes. of the Quarantine Station, within its setting on North Head, was A cultural item may be recognised fully considered in the due to its: Conservation Management Plan.
m aesthetic and social Quarantine Station significance m architectural and building significance m typical representative sample m connection of place with major historical event or person m information content m rarity m past usage.
94 7.4.3 Response to The elements which are however had been identified in these Pressures considered to make up the the earlier 1978 heritage study. cultural significance include: Council’s heritage advisor was of 7.4.3.1 North Head m the Ocean and the Ocean the opinion that the building National Estate Beach should have been listed as it was Nomination m the Promenade with its stone identified in the earlier heritage The Register of the National seawall study. A more detailed heritage Estate currently includes 9 m the planting of Norfolk Island study of the subject building individual items on North Head. Pines noted that 19-21 Jackson Street, Council prepared the nomination m the small shelters and minor Balgowlah is considered to be of in recognition of the significance structural elements local, primarily aesthetic GE of the natural environmental significance as a rare example of m North Steyne Surf Life Saving heritage of North Head. The the Federation Arts and Craft A Pavilion nomination has identified the style architecture in semi- m Queenscliff Surf Life Saving geological and ecological values of detached form, and of unusual Pavilion North Head, which include a height and scale. number of unique features, as well m South Steyne Surf Life Saving as a number of plant and animal Pavilion Amendment 32: House—7 Pine St communities which are identified m the Visitor Information Centre The house at 7 Pine Street, Manly as threatened populations. These m North and South Steyne is a substantial single storey include the Little Penguin, Long streetscape Federation Queen Anne Style Nosed Bandicoot, Eucalyptus m the historic junction of The dwelling, with some Federation Camfieldii and Acacia terminalis. Corso and the Ocean Beach Arts & Craft style influence. It is AL HERIT North Head meets many of the Promenade considered to be of historic and criteria for National Estate Listing, m views and vistas from the aesthetic significance at a local from a natural and cultural Promenade, and level as a representative example heritage perspective, in terms of m views and vistas. of a substantial and finely its historical, scientifica, natural, detailed Queen Anne Style The Review also includes aesthetic and education value for dwelling which illustrates the Preliminary Management Policies current and future generations. Federation-era role of Manly as a for the conservation of each of the The nomination has been placed scenic middle class residential above items and elements. Both on the Australian Heritage area and the preeminent sea-side the preliminary Conservation Plan Commission Website pending its resort for the city of Sydney. and Manly Ocean Beach Review consideration for listing in of the Statement of Significance October, 2000. Amendment 41—Hilderlea — will be considered during the Commonwealth Parade Manly, Heritage Listings Review and No. 7 7.4.3.2 Ocean Beach Plan form part of the Plan of The building is shown as Of Management Management. Montreaux Flats in the 1917 ** For a more comprehensive Sand’s Directories, a block of 21 outline on the Ocean Beach Plan 7.4.3.3 Manly Local flats, which were occupied in that of Management, please refer to Environmental Plan year. According to the Land Titles the Land chapter. Heritage for the period, Richard Peters Amendments Blundell, Builder, of North Sydney Following the amendment of the purchased the site in May 1916. It The following amendments to the community land provisions in therefore appears that Richard December, 1998, a revised Plan of Manly LEP 1988 were prepared to Peters Blundell, constructed the Management for the Ocean Beach ensure that the heritage of Manly building between May and continues to be adequately and AL + NON-ABORIGIN was prepared in accordance with December of 1916. The building the amended provisions of the accurately protected. was renamed Hilderlea Flats after Local Government Act, 1993. purchase by Leopold Levy in April Amendment 30: House—19-21 1920. It is considered likely that Accompanying the Plan of Jackson Street, Balgowlah the building is the work of one of Management is a preliminary The house at 19-21 Jackson the architects firms responsible Conservation Plan for North Street, Balgowlah is a two story, for early high rise apartments in Steyne Surf Life Saving Clubs, semi-detached dwelling. The Sydney City e.g. Esplin & Mould which is intended to guide any house was not included in the (designer of Astor Apartments in future alterations and Manly Heritage Study 1986, and Macquarie Street. conservation works on the therefore was not listed in the building. LEP. The property in question ABORIGIN 95 Hilderlea at 7 Commonwealth 7.4.3.4 Studies A review of the manner in which Parade, Manly, is considered to be heritage advice is provided within 7.4.3.4.1 Heritage Review of of regional heritage significance Council was undertaken as a The Corso for the Sydney region as a rare result of the increasing This project is part of the Manly and remarkable early 20th Century importance of detailed Heritage Listing Review which is high-rise apartment building in consideration of heritage aspects currently underway. the Inter-War Chicagoesque style of development applications, and which stands as a landmark The Corso is Manly’s only existing the limited availability of the overlooking Manly Cove. heritage conservation area and Advisor. It was concluded that an was the first area reviewed by the ‘inhouse’ Heritage Advisor for An Interim Heritage Order was consultants. The report three days a week was sought for Hilderlea, from the recommended that the current appropriate, to be trialled for a Chairperson of the N.S.W. listing should be amended to period of 12 months. A charge of Heritage Council, until Council identify specifically those $50.00 per half (½) hour applies to could incorporate the building buildings which are of historic the service in excess of the first into the Heritage Schedule of the and architectural significance and one (1) hour free consultation to Manly Local Environmental Plan also that a development control assist to defray some of Council’s 1988. plan be prepared to protect the costs of providing the expanded streetscape of The Corso by service. Amendment—63 Ethel Street And encouraging sympathetic 569 Sydney Road The provision of this expanded development of historic and The pair of shops at 63 Ethel role clearly demonstrates to adjoining properties. Street and 569 Sydney Road at the applicants Council’s commitment main intersection of Sydney Road, The preparation of the Draft Local to heritage issues and its Ethel Street, and French’s Forest Environmental Plan is currently determination that these matters Road are both currently occupied underway. be appropriately addressed in by restaurants (Trudy’s and each and every relevant application. Mistomare). They share a common 7.4.3.4.2 Heritage Planner And wall and appear to have been Heritage Advisory constructed as single building. Service 7.4.3.4.3 History Of Manly Since 1994 Council has engaged a The ‘History of Manly’ research Their architectural style, building heritage advisor, initially for one and writing continues with materials, finishes and day a month and, more recently, regular project reports and construction methods are one day each three weeks, to comment from the Heritage consistent with having been assist applicants with the Committee. The book is due to be erected in the 1920’s. The preparation of development published in September 2001. buildings both have individually applications for sites that might detailed facades, though the have heritage implications either patterns of wall shapes, openings 7.4.3.5 Funding in respect to the building itself, and overall dimensions are other heritage aspects of the site 7.4.3.5.1 Manly Council Heritage virtually identical. Both are or possibly on other heritage Fund examples of Inter War Stripped items in close proximity to the The purpose of the program is to Classical in style. development site. In addition to provide small grants and loans to the owners of listed heritage A development application was this service to applicants, the items under Schedule 4 of the submitted to Council for these heritage advisor also provides Manly Local Environmental Plan properties, which would result in Council officers with comment in 1988, to assist in their appropriate the demolition of these buildings. relation to applications that have heritage implications which restoration. Grants and/or loans Council resolved to prepare a needed to be specifically are given to applicants on a dollar Draft Local Environmental Plan, addressed in the report to for dollar basis. pursuant to section 54 of the Council. Application forms and information Environmental Planning and regarding the program were sent Assessment Act, 1979 to Amend When this service was originally to all owners of heritage items in the Manly Local Environmental introduced Council received Manly. Council’s Heritage Advisor Plan, 1988 by adding to Schedule assistance funding of $5,000 from selected four properties for the 4—items of Environmental the State Government under the 1998–1999 heritage grants, all of Heritage, 63 Ethel Street and 569 Heritage Assistance Programme. which are listed as items of Sydney Road, Seaforth. This funding continued for four years, ceasing at the end of 1998 heritage. with the funding responsibility Generally the grant assistance in falling solely onto Council. most instances involves a $250 96 grant with $750 interest free loan. Alternatively, pensioners or 7.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR superannuants are eligible for a grant of up to $1000 on a dollar for MANAGEMENT PLAN dollar basis. In 1999/2000, Council m erect Aboriginal Heritage signage for education and awareness offered a one-off grant (maximum purposes $1000) to churches that are listed m undertake a heritage awareness survey of the community. as Heritage Items.
4 grants were approved totalling $2,103 with a $750 loan, including
a grant to St Cecilia’s Church for GE the repair of broken windows.
The restoration works of the A selected applications are to be completed by end of June/early July.
7.4.3.6 Education
Heritage Week The following events were conducted:
m the Manly Library conducted a AL HERIT talk on the sporting history of Manly—the talk was give by the consultant historian Pauline Curby m the oral history project that is in progress capturing the experiences of people during the Great Depression during the 1930s was the subject of another talk m an information session on tracing your family history was also conducted m a photographic exhibition ‘Manly’s Olympic Heritage’ was installed in the Library m the Manly Art Gallery and Museum presented two exhibitions ‘True Blue Hawaii’ —the Hawaiian shirt in Australia and ‘Heritage’ rugs m a series of tours were conducted at the Quarantine
Station and North Fort AL + NON-ABORIGIN Museum. m a series of heritage exhibitions at surf clubs, the Rugby and Tennis clubs, Seaforth Library and several churches were presented during the week. ABORIGIN 97 7.6 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
H6.2 Develop a publication describing CSP M M Initiated Arabanoo project Manly’s cultural assets. &D commenced. Competition for CI plaque interpretative signage sent to schools during Heritage week.
H6.5 Natural and cultural heritage CI L M Initiated Environmental Levy projects interpretative signs include interpretative signage.
H6.6 Cultural walks CI S M Initiated Ongoing activity by Heritage Committee and VIC. Senior’s Week programme incorporated walking group activities.
H6.7 Further publicise the Manly Art CI Ongoing Initiated Planning in place for NAIDOC Gallery & Museum Week contribution.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
98 Social Environment
ivability is defined as the human requirement for social amenity, Lhealth and well being and includes individual and community well being in both the human and wider environment. * For further detail, please refer to Council’s 1999/2000 Annual Report. 8.1 TRENDS AT A GLANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATOR 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 MOVEMENT TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY
1.Population (source: ABS 1. 34,895 (1991); 1. 38,078 1. 38,316 1. 38,580 1.ç Regional Statistics NSW, 37, 885 (estimate (estimate) (estimate) (estimate, based 2000) 1997) on average rate 2.Age Structure 2. 2. 2 & 3—update of change of 2. - 0-10=3388 0-10=3808 not available. 0.69%) 10-1 =3327 10-19=3400 2 & 3—update not 20-29=6296 20-29=6205 available. 30-3 =5494 30-39=6382 40-49=4496 40-49=5009 50-59=3116 50-59=3670 60-69=3409 60-69=2762 70-79=2843 70-79=2737 80-84= 753 80-84=866 85+ = 514 85+ =644 3.Sex Structure 3. 3. 3. - 48.40% male 48.48% male 51.60% female 51.52% female
Percent of residents 64.85% (1991) 51.43% Data not Data not ç employed (1996) available available
Amount of affordable 27 27 27 30 è housing
Number of crime incidents 3966 823 (Manly CBD) 4480 4521 ç
Number of active 337 1072 1026 - volunteers
Percent of population 0.5% of the 0.5% of the 0.5% of the -
attending Precinct Manly population Manly Manly ONMENT Community Forums per population population month
Usage rates of libraries • door count • 404,124 • 391,462 • 372,252 • 354,935 • ç • circulation (books/item • - • 412,490 • 413,102 • 395,304 • è lent)
Visitor bed occupancy in Data not 1997 Jan- Dec Data not Data not - Manly per night. available 77.575% available available * This indicator is no total - 191, 817 longer available & requires review.
Visitor Information Centre Data not 104,184 (1997) 80,000* 105,089 Visitors available LEGEND
è trend of indicator is moving towards sustainability SOCIAL ENVIR ç trend of indicator is moving away from sustainability 99 8.1.1 Our Aim 8.2 COMMUNITY 8.3 STATE OF Key goals of the Manly PERCEPTIONS OUR SOCIAL Conservation Strategy: Major issues of concern identified ENVIRONMENT by participants at the 2000 SoE m to significantly improve the Community Workshop included 8.3.1 Demographics level of amenity and quality of the impact of major events on the (statistics from life for both residents and community, the possible closure visitors in Manly of Manly Hospital and Seaforth Census 1996) m to foster community and civic Tafe, lack of affordable housing The 1996 Census recorded the pride in Manly and safety around the Manly CBD. population of Manly as 36,265 m to assist Manly to become a (48.48% male, 51.52% female) Workshop participants were major ecotourism destination, with 16,389 households. This is an supportive of Council’s efforts to yet ensure that this does not increase from the 1991 Census curb vandalism and create a safer compromise the environment which estimated Manly’s environment. of local residents and the population at 34,895. Estimates natural environment. Recommendations from the based on this figure state that Workshop included the need to approximately 38,580 for 1999/ put the community—not 2000 (0.69% rate of change— businesses or tourists—first, the source: ABS Regional Statistics need for more playgrounds for NSW, 2000). Census 1996 data children, and to encourage a indicated that Manly has a high ‘sense of ownership’ in proportion of residents born community members. overseas (26.91%), with 50% of these bring born in the United Kingdom or New Zealand. There are 97 Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders living in the Manly LGA. (ABS, 1997).
Population of Manly—Age Groups
Visitors to Manly
100 8.3.2 Tourism 8.3.3 Manly Library Tourism is the major industry of A survey of Manly Library service and resource user numbers for the last Manly, making significant financial year showed continued public support for this facility. contributions to sustaining a viable business community and Manly Library Service and Resource User Numbers an income stream for the 1996/7 1997/8 1998/9 1999/2000 maintenance and improvement to infrastructure and amenities for Library door count 1,132 391,462 372,252 354,935 the benefit of residents. average (total) per day Manly is a seven-day-a-week functioning international and Library membership 23,027 25,936 26,801 27,903 domestic tourist destination. It is (equivalent to (equivalent to estimated that Manly attracts 65% of the 72% of the more than 6 million visitors each Manly Manly year from both international community) community) places and locally (Visitor Information Centre data). This Loans - 412,490 413,102 395,304 includes tourists, visitors and day trippers, arriving by road or 8.3.4 Precinct The Committees are organised by water. The Manly State of the the residents, and play a vital part Environment Report 1995/96 Community in ensuring that future changes in states Manly as NSW’s third most Forums the local area are taken into popular destination in NSW. In 1990, Council resolved to account, and sympathetic to the extend the involvement of its amenity of the local residents. As at April, 1998, there were an community in decision-making Their decisions are advisory, their estimated 1021 rooms/apartments through community consultation comments responded to and available for the leisure market, and participation by introducing a considered by Council in its offering a people capacity per system of 12 Precinct Community statutory decision making role. night of 3076 (Visitor Information Forums. The monthly average attendance Centre data). No update is at Precinct Community Forums available. Precinct Community Forums are during is as follows: groups of people who live, work Council’s Visitors Information or own property in the local Monthly Average Attendance Centre had a total of 105,089 Precinct area (refer to Map S1). at Precinct Community Forums visitors to the Centre during 1999/ They meet on a monthly basis to 1999/2000 2000. This is significantly greater discuss matters referred by than the past year, yet on par Council for Community Population 36,750 with the year prior. It should be consultation, and matters of local Number of Precincts noted that this statistic is closely importance and interest to the areas 12 correlated to weather conditions. community. Number of Precincts The following graph gives a operating in 1999 11 month by month trend. Average population
per Precinct 3,063 ONMENT Visitors to Manly VIC Average attendance per Precinct meeting during 1999 18 SOCIAL ENVIR 101 OCEAN BEACH BANTRY South BAY MANLY WEST Pacific IVANHOE PARK Ocean
SEAFORTH FAIRLIGHT NORTH THE Middle CORSO Harbour HARBOUR Manly CLONTARF Cove FAIRY BOWER
BALGOWLAH HEIGHTS North Harbour
Middle LITTLE Harbour MANLY
N LEGEND: precinct boundary
SOURCE: Manly Council SoE 1998
NOTE: Boundaries are indicative only MAP S1 SCALE: NTS PRECINCT PLAN 102 The Manly West Precinct 8.3.6 Affordable Community Forum is currently not Housing operational. The following approvals were Average Monthly Attendance—Precinct Community Forum granted by Council to the Department of Housing for Affordable housing:
1. 4 new dwellings replaced 2 existing 2. 2 new dwellings replaced 1 existing.
This provided a total of 6 new dwellings, thereby increasing Department of Housing stock by 3 new dwellings.
8.3.5 Volunteers
Volunteers in Manly LGA: Area Active Project Dependant (Special Events)
Bush Restoration 42 Art Gallery 9 Library 25 Manly Environment Centre 89 323 Visitor Information Centre 5 Meals on Wheels 254 Proficient Surf Lifesavers 346 Precinct Community Forum Executives 36 Council Committee community representatives 220 ONMENT
Sub total: 1026 323
TOTAL: 1349 volunteers in 1999/2000 SOCIAL ENVIR 103 8.4 PRESSURES The below graph indicates the 8.4.2 Visual Pollution ON OUR 1999 Manly and NSW average comparisons per 100,000 Our visual environment—that SOCIAL population (Source: NSW Bureau which we see every day—has a ENVIRONMENT of Crime Statistics and Research, large impact on our well-being, 2000). Note that Manly has an and can have an effect on how we feel. 8.4.1 Crime above average theft rate and an on par assault rate. Residents in Manly consider The Manly Police Station has Graffiti, aerial cabling and the prepared statistics for the period Average response time in the ocean beach stormwater pipes as of July 1998 to June 1999. This Manly/Davidson LAC attending visually obtrusive. data has been interpreted urgent jobs was 10 minutes and differently compared to the past 33 minutes to priority jobs. Police year’s data, hence comparison is only data available. Response 8.4.3 Unemployment not readily made. However, the times are commenced when the Manly LGA has an unemployment reported data for 1998/99 is more police officer acknowledges a job rate of 4.5% (5.2% for male, 3.7% appropriate, as it covers the entire and is completed when they for female) (ABS, 1997). Manly LGA, as compared to 1997/ attend the job and called off at 98 covering the Manly/Davidson that location. Due to the constant Local Area use of the radio channel police can’t always call off when arriving The Manly CBD include offences at a location and do call off as occurring on the Corso, Belgrave soon as is possible. This may St, Darley Rd, Wentworth St, cause a delay in the actual South Steyne, Darley Rd, Central response times reported. Ave and Whistler St. NSW & Manly 1999 Rate per 100,000 Population The below graph indicates the number and type of crime incidents occurring in the Manly LGA during 1999/00 (Source: NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, 2000).
Crime Statistics 1997–99
104 8.4.4 Tourism and 8.4.5 Special Events 8.4.5.2 Olympic & Torch Ecotourism Relay Event 8.4.5.1 One Summer Event Council is expecting a large influx Manly Council has a vision to of tourists to visit the Manly area become a world class eco-tourism *Please refer to the Waste chapter for further information. during the 2000 Olympic Games. destination. Ecotourism is defined This event will have considerable by the Ecotourism Association as: The One Summer Event was impact on the community presented by On Line Sports ‘Ecologically sustainable members of Manly. th th tourism that fosters Events on 5 and 6 February Council’s formal involvement with environmental and cultural 2000. This was the culmination of a sporting series that brought the Olympics includes: understanding, appreciation together the Uncle Toby’s and conservation’. m Olympic Torch Relay Ironman competition and the St Celebration Site 15/9/2000 The impact on the landscape, the George Triathlon in the final m Paralympic Torch Relay pressures on culturally significant event at Manly Beach. Celebration Site 17/10/2000 sites and the intrusion of privacy Many residents and community can all be detrimental, while, the m look of the Games Programme positive effects include a greater members contacted Council to Designated Host Council knowledge and appreciation voice their concern regarding the m sponsor Presence Programme event and its impacts on both the being developed for the m torch Bearer Selection Panel environment, with funds social and natural environmental Host. generated for assisting in the surrounding the venue. In particular, the noise generated rehabilitation, restoration and After 100 days travelling around regeneration of the area. from the media helicopter, Australia, on Friday 15 September Ecotourism can only have positive concern regarding giveaways, the 2000 at 5.00am, the Olympic proximity of giveaways to benefits where it can be Flame will leave Sydney Town controlled. It has the potential to commercial businesses in Manly Hall and proceed through enhance the effect of other and on the use of non-recyclable Chatswood and down Wakehurst products which were in breach of conservation activities, such as Parkway to Narrabeen and then education and raising donations. Council’s conditions for waste south along Pittwater Road to Therefore management and management at events. arrive in Manly at 12.30pm. The education are essential to ensure Torch will stay in the Manly area A number of refinements have that it is a sustainable activity. for several hours during which been added to the Event time SOCOG will conduct a formal Guidelines issued to prospective The responsibilities of Council ceremony. Up to 60,000 people are associated with tourism include event organisers to emphasize the expected in Manly, depending on the provision of services such as compliance issues more forcefully. weather. The ceremony is yet to waste removal, servicing public be finalised however, it will Council officers have analysed the toilets, litter removal from parks include some of the following: issues raised by the presentation and reserves and the servicing of of such a large event in Manly. special events for the community, m video highlights This analysis has identified the regional and international tourist. m introduction and Welcome need for some change to the speeches information provided to
m National Anthem ONMENT prospective event organisers, in the level of detail required by m official Community Welcome Council in event applications, m games Music additional briefing sessions for m reading of the Olympic Rangers and Beach Staff in non- Message compliance issues and for m gift presentation to host additional conditions to cover the Council. possible forfeiture of part or all of the Bond for non-compliance with There is a 40 vehicle convoy that conditions of consent to control, accompanies the Torch. where possible, the excessive use of helicopter media coverage. SOCIAL ENVIR 105 8.5 RESPONSE TO By becoming a Nuclear Free Zone, including those with HIV/ THESE Council was able to join the AIDS) Nuclear Free Zone and Toxic m Aboriginal and Torres Strait PRESSURES Industries Secretariat. The Islander people Secretariat is an organisation of m people from Culturally and 8.5.1 Sydney 2000 currently 21 Local Government Linguistically Diverse (CALD) Olympics Councils, NGOs and community Backgrounds (including racial, groups which was established to ethnic and ethno-religious In March 1999 Council resolved to lobby against the storage and minority groups). establish a special staff Olympics transport of radio active waste Co-ordination and Management and other toxic and hazardous Late 1998 Council commissioned team to develop a Management materials, uranium mining, and consultants GHD to assist with Plan covering the following key the future of the Lucas Heights development of the Manly Social strategy areas: nuclear reactor. Plan. After extensive consultation with the local community, m information The Secretariat considers that organisations and agencies, the m crowd control Councils could be affected by a Plan was adopted by Council on m amenities nuclear disaster at Lucas Heights 24th May 1999. Early in 2000 the m facilities if within a 40km radius from Manly Social Plan Implementation m transport Lucas Heights (Manly is—safe Committee (SPIC) was formed to levels are considered in excess of m traffic Management oversee the prioritisation and 80km). m entertainment implementation of the strategies recommended in the Plan. m security A study commissioned by ANTSO m Council resources. in 1996 showed that 83% of While some strategies are ready Sutherland Shire residents to be actioned, others require This group was termed MOCOG preferred that it be built in a policy statements to be developed ‘Manly Organising Committee for remote location, not close to an and service specifications to be the Olympic Games’. The aim of urban community. prepared. Some strategies the Committee is to ensure that require further research and the social and environmental investigation as to their viability impacts of the celebrations during 8.5.3 Planning and validity before realistic and post games will be as greatly instruments, actions can be carried out. minimised as possible. policies and management The SPIC has identified the plans following strategies to pursue as 8.5.2 Manly a Year 1-2 priorities: Nuclear Free Zone 8.5.3.1 Manly Social Plan m an audit of community In 1998 the NSW Local services currently provided in Manly resolved to become a Government (General) the Manly area Nuclear Free Zone with 21 other Amendment (Community and m a policy framework for councils in NSW following the Social Plans) Regulation was Children’s Services Federal Government’s approval of introduced. For the first time m a policy for services for Older building a new nuclear reactor local Councils were required to People (twice the size of the current one) prepare a Social/Community Plan m affordable housing and at Lucas Heights in Sutherland for their local government area. Shire and a national radioactive homelessness on the Peninsula waste repository near Woomera, As well as planning for the South Australia. This means that broader community, the Manly m access to information. the waste from the nuclear Social Plan targets the following The Manly Social Plan is not a reactor and that which has groups within the community: static document. Implementation accumulated from the old reactor of the actions and performance during the past 41 years, will be m children (i.e. those aged 0–11) indicators will be continually transported by road and/or rail m young people (i.e. Those aged monitored, and issues and from Lucas Heights to South 12–24) strategies will be revised Australia. There would also be m women accordingly. The complete Social regular movements of spent m older people (people aged 55 Plan will be revised at least every nuclear fuel to the docks for years and over) five years. shipment overseas, to be m People with disabilities reprocessed. (covering all disabilities
106 8.5.3.2 Northern Sydney backgrounds living on the 8.5.3.4 Crime Prevention Region Aboriginal Northern Beaches. The aim of the Plan 2000-2001 Social Plan Social Plan was to build upon A Crime Prevention Plan has been The Department of Local existing work and to document developed for the Manly Local Government (General) the needs of CALD residents and Government Area as a result of a Amendment (Community and communities, with the funding grant from the NSW Social Plans) Regulation 1998, development of relevant Attorney General’s Department requires that local Councils, in strategies responding to those Safer Towns and Cities Project. developing their Social Plans look needs and implemented Following community consultation at the social needs of a number of collaboratively. and research, three priority issues target groups. Aboriginal and have been identified of greatest The main issues emerging from Torres Strait Islander people are concern in the Manly area: the consultation process were: one of these target groups. 1. Property Theft. m insufficient information e.g. Late in 1998 it was decided at a translations, services 2. Anti-Social Behaviour and NorthPlan (Northern Sydney Alcohol Related Violence in m english language classes Planning Forum) meeting that this the CBD. m sense of belonging and forum would be the most 3. Drink Driving. appropriate for the development community, including the of a Northern Sydney Region celebration of difference A series of strategies have been Aboriginal Social Plan. The initial m multicultural environments for developed to address these safety objectives of the plan were: children issues and are currently being m the monitoring and support of implemented with the guidance of m improved outcomes for the new arrivals the Manly Community Safety Aboriginal Community m support for older people Committee and the Crime m improved coordination and m public transport Prevention Steering Committee. relation ships within m appropriate and affordable government on Aboriginal housing Issues 8.5.4 Funding m education and training m increased sharing and co- operation between m safety 8.5.4.1 Cultural Group individuals, and groups and m youth services Subsidies agencies. m health services Allocation of 1999/ m access. 2000 Grants Development of the plan involved Council resolved to allocate $3000 11 Northern Sydney Councils, A number of strategies were for Cultural Grants in the 1999/ representatives from many state developed in response to these 2000 Budget. Categories of government departments, priority issues. These strategies financial assistance, eligibility community organisations and formed the basis for developing and selection criteria are: extensive consultation with partnerships with the community Aboriginal communities in the to address the needs of CALD 1. Operational Assistance— region. residents on the Peninsula. While contribution to the general some related to Manly, Pittwater operation of the group or The Plan is currently in the stages and Warringah Councils and their programme up to $1,500. of final editing and is expected to ONMENT services, programs and facilities, 2. Capital Grant—allocation of be ready for endorsement by both many were beyond the funds to purchase equipment, NorthPlan and the local Councils responsibility and scope of upgrade facilities of a specific involved in September 2000. Councils and so would require an project up to $1,500. active partnership with the 3. Seeding/Establishment Grant 8.5.3.3 Northern Beaches Northern Beaches Multicultural —a one-off grant to enable a Peninsular Cultural Network for their implementation. group to meet establishment and Linguistic For all strategies, the Councils costs/incorporation costs. Diversity Social would work in partnership and Groups will only be eligible for Plan maintain a minimum role of this grant on one occasion for In development of the Social Plan monitoring the implementation of up to $1,000. targeting people from CALD these strategies. backgrounds, a partnership between Manly, Pittwater and Warringah Councils was formed to develop the Social Plan focusing on people of CALD SOCIAL ENVIR 107 Ideally the cultural group or 8.5.5 Committee Council’s Position Paper on organisation should satisfy as Updates homelessness states that many of the following criteria as Council, ‘by utilising appropriate possible: 8.5.5.1 Homelessness community support services, and working co-operatively, will Early in 2000 it was felt that there 1. Provide or service an achieve an acceptable standard was the need to reform the Manly identified community cultural of behaviour and therefore of Council Homelessness Working need. personal and community safety’. 2. Service a participant group of Party with the aim of promoting which at least 50% are tolerance and goodwill by Moreover, the Working Party residents of Manly Council working with both ‘the homeless’ aims to develop awareness LGA. and ‘the broader community’, to within the community, to encourage mutual respect for 3. The service complements each others’ rights and to communicate with local support existing cultural services and encourage harmony and services which help homeless programmes provided to the tolerance. people, and to channel people to community of Manly. support services, the aim being 4. Be an incorporated body. to get them off the street. 5. Is consistent with Council’s Cultural Policy. 6. Is not a Manly Council Service 8.6 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR or Project MANAGEMENT PLAN The 1999 programme saw six m develop a programme to engender a ‘sense of place’ in the applications were received. The broader community successful organisations are as m ensure the events policy takes into consideration the impacts of follows: events on the community and environment.
Successful Organisations: Organisation Amount Photo extract from: Manly’s crime 1. Manly Warringah prevention Pipe Band $500 educational 2. Manly Peninsula brochure Regional Fellowship of Australian Writers $500 3. Manly Children’s Choir $1,000 4. Short Black Film Festival $1,000
Total $3,000
108 8.7 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status
Brief description of action Responsibility Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
S5 Encourage ‘good’ graffiti by locating CI M M Initiated Keirle Park project for skate appropriate sites and undertaking a bowl will incorporate ‘good local program with assistance from graffiti’. the Manly Youth Council.
S12 Continue to liaise with University of CI/ O H Initiated Student placement currently Western Sydney and others in CDU with MEC on ecotourism in relation to ecologically sustainable Manly. ecotourism in Manly where appropriate.
S14.1 Undertaking a strategy to encourage CI S/O M Initiated Destination brochure and developers and visitors to appreciate maps for walks to be the environment of Manly. reprinted in preparation for Olympic tourists.
S14.2 Developing natural history information CI S/O M Initiated First draft of Cabbage Tree and field guides to distribute at Bay Plan completed by June relevant locations, such as VIB, 2000. Penguin Recovery Plan hotels and holiday apartments, with Minister of the promoting natural attractions Environment. Bandicoot Recovery Plan in preparation.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
Continue to liaise with University of Western Sydney and others in relation to ecologically sustainable ecotourism in Manly where appropriate. ONMENT SOCIAL ENVIR 109 110 Implementation
9.1 OUR AIM 9.2.1 Volunteers 9.2.4 Stella Maris Key goals of the Manly In the last two years volunteer Community Eco Conservation Strategy: hours have doubled, their financial Garden value is estimated at $165,000. m to ensure the Manly The Stella Maris Community Eco Local volunteers include individuals Conservation Strategy is an Garden, launched in September from all walks of life as well as active document, and is 1999, is a worthwhile and various employment, training and continually monitored, impressive demonstration site in university and school student work reviewed and updated to the grounds of Stella Maris experience programs. keep Manly on track towards College in Manly. The garden is open to the public and showcases ecological sustainability. Graduate researchers from Milan, a host of sustainable practices Barcelona and Wales committed including: 9.2 MANLY many hours to research projects. Together with local graduates they ENVIRONMENT m green waste reuse and made a significant contribution to minimisation—composting, CENTRE Manly’s environmental knowledge worm farming and mulching and resources. *Please note that many MEC m water conservation—on-site Education Initiatives are A Japanese tour of 70 students rainwater tanks, slo-flo highlighted throughout the SoE assisted with weed removal at irrigation systems, mulching in the relevant Environmental Manly Lagoon and at the Shelly and water-conserving plants Sector chapters. Beach clean up event. m energy conservation—solar pump and panel, reduction of The Manly Environment Centre greenhouse gases through (MEC), now in its tenth year, is decreased transport, energy located in a shop front location 9.2.2 Stormwater usage and reuse of organic at 41 Belgrave St Manly. The Conference at waste at source and promotion MEC is a comprehensive Weston Hotel of alternative energy sources environmental resource centre, The Manager of the MEC and aimed at educating members of m biodiversity—the installation Education Officer presented a the community, industry, of possum boxes, pond system paper to this annual national business, Council, schools and (frog and invertebrate habitat) conference, titled ‘Walking the special interest groups. The and a wide diversity of native Talk’. The paper described one of MEC also facilitates positive plants the first council staff training environmental change in the m edible landscapes—food forest programs on sediment and erosion Manly Lagoon Catchment plantings including bush control issues and was very well TION through programmes, projects tucker, orchard, herbs and received. and events based on the vegetables A principles of ESD, TCM and m permaculture—a design environmental best practice 9.2.3 Environmental system bringing all of the management. Encouragement above points, including organic gardening, together Three full-time staff members Awards into an integrated plan for are funded by Manly Council, This annual Council Award sustainable urban living to along with a grant-funded involved local Rotary Clubs and the maximise natural energy Catchment Liaison Officer. The Manly and Balgowlah Chamber of inputs and resources. MEC is supported by corporate Commerce. The winners’ plaques sponsorship with community were presented by the Mayor to volunteers contributing to Clontarf Marina, Manly Food Co-op thousands of hours a year in- and Royal Far West Children’s kind sponsorship. Health Scheme. IMPLEMENT 111 9.2.5 Beaches 9.3 MANLY 9.3.1 Scientific Environment CONSERVATION Advisory Panel Network STRATEGY A 12 member Scientific Advisory Beaches Environment Network The Manly Conservation Strategy Panel has been established to (BEN), launched in early 2000, is a was adopted by Council in April provide expert advice in the network of very proactive 1998. It is a 10 year plan implementation and validation of educators and project officers on developed to integrate actions identified within the the Northern Beaches working Ecologically Sustainable Strategy, as well as provide together to foster community Development (ESD) and Total advice for other Council environmental awareness, Catchment Management (TCM) initiatives. The Panel is composed involvement and empowerment. principles throughout Council and of members of the community the community, to place Manly who are professionals in various The network acts as an firmly on track towards environmental fields relevant to opportunity to swap resources, sustainability. The Strategy the Manly Conservation Strategy, share information, provide addresses the Ecologically and are offering their services support, strengthen links and Sustainable Development (ESD) voluntarily. provide avenues for joint projects. amendments of the Local The Members of the Scientific BEN takes a holistic and regional Government Act (NSW) 1993 and Advisory Panel: approach to environmental the international agreement of education on Northern Beaches Local Agenda 21. Assoc. Prof. Peter Mitchell with members promoting and Associate, Macquarie University; marketing Council, Government It aims to direct six key areas of Proprietor Groundtruth and non-government action over the next 10 years: Consulting. environmental initiatives and 1. Managing and improving services. Prof. Val Brown Council’s own environmental Foundation Chair in performance. Environmental Health, School of 9.2.6 New South 2. Integrating ESD and TCM into Applied and Environmental Council’s policies and Wales Council Sciences, University of Western activities. on Sydney. Environmental 3. Awareness raising and Education education within Council and Phil Colman community. Associate Australian Museum Council nominated Councillor Aird 4. Involving the community in Carole Douglas for consideration by the Local planning and action. Principal and founder, Government Association for 5. Developing and strengthening Greenline Group Pty Ltd representation on the NSW partnerships with the Council on Environmental community, business and Dr Anthony Fischer-Cripps Education. The Association other government agencies. Project Leader, Surface accepted the nomination and the 6. Measuring monitoring and Mechanics. CSIRO Division of Minister confirmed Councillor reporting on progress towards Telecommunications and Aird’s three year appointment. sustainability. Industrial Physics The role of the Council is to The Strategy is linked with Anna Kachka improve the co-ordination of Council’s SoE, enhancing the use Director, environmental education across of the report as an auditing tool, Orbis Environmental Pty. Ltd. Government and between other by allowing the SoE to monitor, key sectors (industry, report and review the Dr Jim Kohen environmental groups and Local implementation process of the Senior Lecturer, School of Government). The Council is Manly Conservation Strategy (see Biological Sciences, Macquarie made up of a broad balance of each chapter of this SoE). The SoE University academics, professionals, may also identify certain educators, environmental groups Seanna McCune responses, which will be and various levels of Government Botanical Information Service, translated into future directions of representation. National Herbarium, Royal Council via the Manly Botanic Gardens Conservation Strategy’s three year review or the annual Dr Armstrong Osborne Corporate Plan review. Senior Lecturer, University of Sydney
112 David Rissik (pending PhD) 9.3.2 Ethical 9.3.3 Environmental Acting Senior Environmental Standards Management Scientist, Estuary Management System Program, DLWC Council resolved in June 1999 to form a Working Party to develop a An Environmental Management Dr Jan Ritchie ‘Statement of Sustainability and System (EMS) is being introduced Senior Lecturer and Coordinator Ethical Standards’ for use in the into Manly Council. The EMS is of Health Promotion Programs, consideration of tenders, a system the next layer, or process, of the University of NSW to achieve a balance between Manly Conservation Strategy, as it these standards and their provides a delivery mechanism to Marc Salmon negative impacts on Council implement the principles and Manager ESE Land, activities. actions identified within the Environmental Science and Strategy into Council activities Engineering Pty. Ltd. A Discussion Paper has been and practices. An EMS provides a prepared by Council staff which systematic framework for Prior to January 2000, the Panel outlined: had assisted Council with over 50 ensuring that Council complies projects. m Newcastle City Council’s with environmental and OH&S experience legislation and improves its From January to August, 2000, performance, with emphasis on m Council’s current legislative the Panel have assisted with 23 continual improvement. requirements for tendering programmes, of which some are m national research undertaken identified below: The key tasks are to: by Council staff, and m ocean beachfront seawall highlights appropriate models, 1. Identify Council’s protection works review and or parts thereof. environmental risks and advice m Council’s requirement to impacts. m erosion controls design for prepare a Procurement Policy 2. Decide which of those are the Burnt Bridge Creek m proposed direction for Council. most significant and prioritise. m Cabbage Tree Bay Draft Plan 3. Implement ways of managing The Working Group has been set of Management review and minimising those impacts with the task of developing a set in order to improve Council’s m 2000 State of Environment of criteria against which tenders environmental and business Report community workshop are assessed. This criteria should performance. m Manly Lagoon remediation set a subjective ‘benchmark’ and workshop be developed from Council’s The development of the EMS is m mobile telephone tower policies relevant to ESD and their expected to continue over a two impacts (medical position) key objectives, such as the Manly year period. Implementation will m interpretative signs Conservation Strategy. focus on ‘continual improvement’, preparation for Manly Scenic and for this reason, will be for an Walkway indefinite period. m adaptive Environmental A Senior Management EMS Management and Assessment Workshop was held for Senior Model for Manly Lagoon Managers of Council to introduce m street sweeping programme the EMS principle, discuss review in Manly LGA opportunities and challenges, and TION m flora species confirmations set an agreed implementation m review of Cabbage Tree Bay process. At this workshop, Senior A Marine Environment Survey Managers agreed for a whole-of- m rock pool cleaning alternative Council approach. This will methods incorporate all Council services. m ground settlement in Manly from the Northside Storage Tunnel m preparation of a community consultation discussion paper. IMPLEMENT 113 9.4 ENVIRONMENTAL An Environmental Levy LEVY Expenditure Review Committee comprising of Council staff, Council received approval from Councillors and Community the State Government to representatives, has been introduce a three year Special established: Rate increase from 1 July 1997 to fund a range of projects of an 1. To monitor expenditure and to environmental nature, with the ensure that such funds are aim of achieving substantial accounted for separately to enhancement of Manly’s normal budget provisions. environment. 2. To ensure that such funds are used for new Works and The Levy expired at the end of the environmental initiatives over Council term in September, 1999, and above Council’s normal and went to referendum at the operational and capital Council Elections. A Poll of expenditure budgets. Electors in Manly has resulted in 3. To periodically report (by way 63 per cent of voters responding of Newsletter) to residents on ‘Yes’ to the question: ‘Should the the progress of the ‘Environment Levy’ which has environmental projects been in place for the last 3 years relative to budget forecasts. be continued? 4. To report at the end of the financial year on whether the The voting was: funds have been separately Yes 12,603 (63%) accounted for and, in No 6,404 (32%) particular, to express a view Informal Votes 860 (5%) as to whether the additional revenue has been directed to Council has a policy of conducting new environmental initiatives a Poll on issues affecting the additional to the Council’s Manly area in conjunction with normal operational and capital Council Elections. The Council budget expenditure. resolved to submit the question to electors in conjunction with the 44 projects are funded by the Ordinary Election of Councillors Levy, supported by $1,204,389 of and the election for Mayor being external grant funds from the held on 11 September, 1999. The Commonwealth and State question was asked in a separate Government. non-compulsory poll. The 1999/2000 Levy raised The Director of Service Planning $3,767,525, which includes and Commissioning has divisional $1,204,389 grant funding and responsibility for the project, and interest of $252,050. This results has nominated the Group in a total of $5,223,964dollar Manager of Asset Management committed from the past four and Contracts to take carriage of years. the project. Further details of these works are Each year, a proposed list of located under the relevant projects is presented to the Manly chapters within this Report. Council Community Environment Committee for recommendation to Progress to date on the Council for adoption. Three Environment Levy works weekly progress meetings are (including all years) is as follows: held to ensure the Levy implementation is progressing Note: smoothly. TOTAL includes grant, levy and interest funding.
114 Progress to date on the Environment Levy works (including all years) is as follows: Note: TOTAL includes grant, levy and interest funding
Project Budget Description/progress Target/ completion date
1. Burnt Bridge Creek Valley Park Total: Second year of NHT grant funding has Bushland • Bush regeneration $915,135 enabled significant bush regeneration and regeneration • GPT’s Grant: revegetation to take place. Council is funding June • Flora & Fauna Study $248,373 a Bushcare Officer responsible for the 2001. • Aboriginal Archaeological study restoration of Burnt Bridge Creek. Rivercare GPT’s to • Community Education grant funds have enabled Council to address be Programme Streambank erosion. A team of five completed. • Noxious Weed Removal Professional bush regenerators has recently • Cycleway–design commenced work on a further stage. • Erosion Control
Burnt Bridge Creek Bio-assessment Total: Bio-assessment of Burnt Bridge Creek. This June 2001 $18,000 project will evaluate the status of the indigenous flora and fauna in and along the creek.
2. Manly Lagoon Wetland/Queenscliff Total: Project Complete June 1999 Low Flow Pipes $359,907
3. Sandy Bay Gross Pollutant Traps Total: Project Complete June 1998 $143,203 Grant: $70,000
4. Clontarf Reserve Foreshore Total: Project Complete May 1999 $459,833 Grant: $256,000
5. Shelly Beach Headland Restoration Total: Initial Grant associated project complete June 2001 $230,634 Significant improvements in habitat restoration Grant: of the Long Nosed Bandicoot. Ongoing $31,000 maintenance is needed. Five professional bush regenerators to undertake one full day (every Thursday) bandicoot habitat restoration work plus supervision of volunteers.
6. Mobile Dishwashing Facility Total: Project Complete Waiting on Report. May 1999 $63,500
Grant: TION $33,500 A
7. Seaforth Runoff Control Study Total: Study completed. Stormwater Runoff Control June 1998 $5,000 Project due to be finalised by August 2000.
• Implementation Total: This project received a variation of Sept 2000 $68,810 finalisation date to August 2000 by the EPA. Grant: Due to problems with the details design the $38,810 project has been varied again for completion to the end of October 2000. This will include construction and planting out. The education side to the project will also be completed by then. A final report has to be prepared on the planting out, construction detail and education components by the end of October and submitted to the EPA. IMPLEMENT 115 Project Description/progress Budget Target/ completion date
• Education Total: Draft brochure/poster design is running to Sept 2000 $10,000 schedule.
• Perimeter Bushland Control Total: Bushland Regeneration and Revegetation June 2001 $47,000 program is underway along degraded oval perimeter edge. Lantana being targetted for initial removal along SW corner.
8. Tania Park Runoff Control Study Total: Study completed. Community Committee June 1998 Stormwater Control $3,423 has resolved to prepare a Management Plan Bushcare Total: for the area. Concept Plans have been $13,000 developed to address the parking area and management of surface and sub-terranian on the south side of Tania Park.
9. Manly Dam Catchment Total: Initial grant related project complete. The Dec 1999 • Bantry Reserve $19,401 Environmental Levy has provided an Grant: additional $3k to assist the community with $14,876 maintenance. Ongoing maintenance of the revegetated site.
• Manly Dam Valve Total: This additional scour valve construction will June 2001 $51,250 enable draw-down of the storage level in Grant: response to runoff and is an obligation under $19,000 the Manly Lagoon Joint Estuary and Floodplain Management Plans. Tender documents have been produced by Public works and services. Four tenders were received in June 2000 and are being evaluated.
10. Water Quality Control Equipment Total: Equipment purchased. Dec 1997 $15,000
11. Cabbage Tree Bay Management Total: The draft Management Plan on public June 2000 • Draft preparation $60,000 exhibition until 21 July 2000. The Launch of (stage 1) Grant: the draft was held on the 4 July, 2000. $30,000
• Study Implementation Total: The stage 2 project will commence when the June 2001 $20,000 Management Plan is adopted. An (stage 2) Implementation Management Committee will be established to implement the Study.
12. Wetlands Flood Management • Total: Stage 1 Complete: Wetland Management June 1999 Program $95,750 Plan and Maintenance Manual has been • Implementation Grant: prepared and adopted by Council and the • Catchment water quality $17500 Manly Lagoon Joint Estuary & Floodplain monitoring • Total: Management Committee. $40,000 • Total: $50,000
13. Sydney Harbour Gross Pollutant Total: 2 GPT’s completed; another is waiting June 2001 Traps $240,000 Development Approval.
116 Project Budget Description/progress Target/ completion date
14. Ocean Beach Gross Pollutant - Funds re-allocated to No. 17 as per Council Traps Resolution.
15. Manly Lagoon Gross Pollutant Total: 2 GPT’s completed; a third is under June Traps $270,190 construction. 2001 • Construction Grant: $80,190
• Education Total: Planting with Manly Union stars complete. Sept $11,000 Tula the Penguin, Council’s Stormwater 2000 Mascot launched at the Swim Centre. Calendar art work going through final editing. Seaforth Oval brochure/poster artwork finalised.
16. Forty Baskets Beach Total: DLWC Grant funds are being provided on a June • Coastal Management Plan $30,000 $1:$1 basis to develop a Coastal 2001 development Grant: Management Plan for Forty Baskets. $15,000 Council has now received the nominated Community and Councillor representatives for the Steering Committee. Council has liaised with DLWC and is now in the intial stages of project brief preparation.
• Detail design of seawall Total: Implementation of Mgt. Plan will be $37,500 progressive, as funds become available. Grant: $18750
• Implementation of Mgt. Plan Priorities already identified are the detail design for the seawall construction.
• Construction of Seawall Total: Funds need to be allocated for the $120,000 reconstruction of the seawall. Seawall construction will be funded on a $:$ basis.
• Erosion Control at Gourley Ave Erosion control at Gourley Ave behind Middle Harbour Sailing Club.
17. Construction of Stormwater Total: This project is associated with the June Devices $224,000 implementation of both Stormwater 2001 TION Management Plans. Implementation in
progress. Design options being considered. A
18. Pilot Street Sweeping project- June attached to the EA Stormwater 2001 Project
19. Little Manly Cove Total: This project is jointly funded on a $1:$1 basis June Coastal Management Plan and $30,000 with DLWC grant funding to fund the 2001 seawall Grant: development of a Coastal Management Plan. $15,000 Council is seeking additional funds for the restoration of the seawall. Council has now received the nominated Community and Councillor representatives for the Steering Committee. Council has liaised with DLWC and is now in the intial stages of project brief preparation. IMPLEMENT 117 Project Budget Description/progress Target/ completion date
20. Esplanade Park & underground Total: Nearing completion. June cabling $43,650 2001
21. Catchment Water Cycle Model Total: Workshops associated with stages 1 & 2 are June Project $20,000 being delivered by Macquarie Uni. Stage 1 2000 Grant: workshop has been held to identify issues $10,000 and relevant stakeholders external to the organisation to invite to the Sage 2 workshops. The beginning of the Stage 2 workshops will begin 7/9/2000.
22. Water Conservation Programme Total: A Joint funded project between Manly and August $30,000 Sydney Water, stage 1 Ocean Beach front in 2000 Grant: progress. $20,000
23. Little Penguin Recovery Program Total: Council has gained $:$ funding in the June $32,990 implementation of the Little Penguin 2000 Grant: Recovery Plan, prepared by NPWS and (stage 1) $17,990 associated stakeholders including Manly June Council. This will fund Council’s previous 2001 commitment to the Recovery Plan. (stage 2)
9.5 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT PLAN m undertake a broader consultation programme with the community for the three year review of the Manly Conservation Strategy. m continue to development the whole-of-Council EMS.
9.6 MANLY CONSERVATION STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 1999/2000 Does not include actions completed in past reporting periods. Status Responsibility Brief description of action Time frame Priority Progress omments Reference
I10 Initiate an Environmental PDE S M Initiated Approval received from Management System MANEX for first stage— Senior Management Workshop.
For key to Responsibility codes, please see Preamble—Acronyms.
118 References
ABS (1997) Census 1996—Manly DLWC (1997) Manly Lagoon Naylor, S.D., Chapman, G.A., Local Government Area Basic Floodplain Management Plan—for Atkinson, G., Murphy, C.L., Tulau, Profile May 1998 release 2. Manly and Warringah Councils. M.J., Flewin, T.C., Milford, H.B., Morand, D.T. (1998) Guidelines for AWT EnSight (1998) Burnt DLWC (1999) Pilot Urban Stream the Use of Acid Sulphate Soil Risk Bridge Creek Restoration Assessment on Burnt Bridge Creek Maps, 2nd ed. Department of Management Plan. Sydney. —for Manly Lagoon Catchment Land and Water Conservation, Committee. Sydney. Benson, D., and Howell, J. (1994) Cunninghamia: A journal of Environmental Resources Naylor, S.D. (1997) Acid Sulphate plant ecology. National Management Australia (2000) Soil Risk of the Sydney Heads and Herbarium of NSW, Royal Cabbage Tree Bay Draft Prospect/Parramatta Sheets. Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Management Plan. Supporting Department of Land and Water Document. Conservation, Sydney. Benson, D., and Howell, J. (1994) The natural vegetation of the Gutteridge, Haskins & Davey Pty New South Wales Environment Sydney 1:100 000 map sheet. Ltd (1998) Safety Assessment: Protection Authority( NSW EPA) National Herbarium of NSW, Report on Safety Surveys. (1995) NSW 1995 State of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney. Environment Report. EPA, NSW. Geological Survey of NSW Dept. of Cairnes, L.B. (1996) Australian Mineral Resources (1983) Sydney New South Wales Environment Natural Heritage Charter: 1:100 000 Geological Sheet 9130. Protection Authority ( NSW EPA) Standards and Principles for the (1997) NSW 1997 State of the Herbert, C. (ed) (1980) Geology of Conservation of Places of Environment Report. EPA, NSW. Natural Heritage Significance. the Sydney 1:100 000 Sheet. Australian Heritage Commission Geological Survey of NSW Dept. of New South Wales Environment and the Australian Committee Mineral Resources, NSW. Protection Authority ( NSW EPA) for IUCN, Sydney. (1997b) Proposed interim Kinhill Engineers Pty Ltd. (1997) environmental objectives for NSW Waste Minimisation Strategy. Manly Centre for Research on waters: Sydney, Central Coast Council. Ecological Impacts of Coastal and Illawarra catchments. Cities (1998) Annual Report Manly Council (1996) Manly State of 1997. Northern Sydney Waste Planning the Environment Report 1995/6 and Management Board (July Chapman, G.A. & Murphy, C.L. Manly Council (1997) Manly State of 1998) Regional Waste Plan. (1989) Soil Landscapes of the the Environment Report 1996/97. Sydney 1:100,000 Sheet. Soil NSW Government (1990) Conservation Service of NSW. Manly Council (1998a) Manly Coastline Management Manual. Conservation Strategy 1998 Crown. Chapman, G.A., Murphy, C.L., Tille, P.J., Atkinson, G. and Manly Council (1998b) Draft NSW Department of Local Morse, R.J. (1989) Soil Bushland Plan of Management June Government (1999) Comparative Landscapes of the Sydney 1:100 1998. Information on NSW Local 000 Sheet Map. Soil Government Councils 1997/98. Conservation Service of NSW. Manly Council (1999) Manly Social Plan Patterson Britton & Partners Pty. Cresswell, I.D., and Thomas, G, Ltd. (1994) Manly Embayment M. (1997) Terrestrial and Marine Naughton, KS (1999) The Effects of Seawall Stability Analysis. Protected Areas in Australia. Urbanisation on the Hydrology and Reark Research (January 1997) Environment Australia Sedimentology of Burnt Bridge Manly DRT Service—Research Biodiversity Group, Canberra. Creek. University of NSW. into market potential, a research report. REFERENCES 119 Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW (1996) Traffic Volume Data for Sydney Region 1996 Volume 1. Universal Press Pty. Ltd.
Skelton, N (1996) Manly Lagoon Exotic Vegetation Management Strategy for Manly and Warringah Councils. GIS Environmental Consultants.
SHOROC (1998) Traffic or Transport?—SHOROC Regional Transport Policy. SHOROC Regional Organisation of Councils. Sydney.
State of the Environment Advisory Council (1996) Australia State of the Enviornment. CSIRO Publishing
Susan Gomola (1999) SHOROC Park & Ride Project—Progress Report December, 1999. SHOROC Sydney.
Sydney Water Corporation (1998) Manly Council Beachfront Area— Water Audit Findings.
Sydney Water Corporation (1998b) Licensing Sewage Overflows EIS.
Sydney Water Corporation (1997) The Northside Storage Tunnel— Environmental Impact Statement.
Sydney Water Corporation (1997b) WaterPlan 21.
TAVERNER Research Company (1997) Who cares about the environment in 1997? NSW Environment Protection Authority.
120 Summary of Recommendations for Management Plan 2001 + Beyond
LAND BIODIVERSITY ABORIGINAL AND m develop controls to restrict m expand upon the existing NON-ABORIGINAL the amount of impervious Indigenous Flora Species List HERITAGE surfaces in the Manly LGA for residents, developers and for m erect Aboriginal Heritage Council use m continue to lobby against signage for education and SEPP 5 legislation and for m consider preparation of a feral awareness purposes improvements in the Land animal eradication programme. m undertake a heritage and Environment Court m undertake a comprehensive awareness survey of the process biodiversity / companion animal community. m place priority on the awareness campaign. completion of the Residential DCP. Ensure community SOCIAL participation in its AIR development. ENVIRONMENT m continue the development and m develop a programme to maintenance of the bicycle engender a ‘sense of place’ in network the broader community AQUATIC SYSTEMS m undertake a public transport m ensure the events policy takes m review Gross Pollutant Traps survey with support from the into consideration the impacts and devices with regard to Manly Council Community the maintenance schedule Environment Committee. of events on the Manly community and environment. m allocate appropriate resources for sediment control and its enforcement WASTE m use the Adaptive m continue to encourage IMPLEMENTATION Environmental Management composting and avoidance m undertake a broader and Assessment Model as a consultation programme with m to lobby for Container Deposit tool for the holistic the community for the three Legislation. management of Manly year review of the Manly Lagoon and catchment Conservation Strategy m adoption of Cabbage Tree m continue to development the Bay Management Plan which NOISE whole-of-Council EMS. places an emphasis on clear m continue education and and achievable management enforcement actions. strategies to conserve and protect the natural environment. Y SUMMAR 121 122 APPENDIX Community Participants—SoE Workshop ...... 124 Staff Resources Dedicated to Environmental Sustainability ... 125 Noxious Weeds List ...... 126 NSW NPWS Manly Local Government Area Flora List ...... 127 NSW NPWS Manly Local Government Area Fauna List ...... 128 Flora in Manly LGA (as identified by Council) ...... 133 APPENDIX 123 Community Participants—SoE Workshop The following community members participated in the 2000 SoE Community Workshop held on 10th August, 2000.
m Carole Douglas, Scientific Advisory Panel & Greenline Group Pty. Ltd. (Facilitator) m Clr Dr Judy Lambert, Chair Manly Council Community Environment Committee & Manly Conservation Strategy Management Group m Clr Barbara Aird, Chair Manly Council Waste Management Committee m Irene Williams, Sydney Metropolitan Wildlife Services m Peg Ibbotson, Ocean Beach Precinct m Margaret Morbell, Ocean Beach Precinct m C.Campbell, Fairy Bower Precinct m Dr Peter Mitchell, Scientific Advisory Panel & Groundtruth Consulting m Di Mitchell m Robyn Hay m G. Bird, Greens NSW m Dr Jan Ritchie, Scientific Advisory Panel & University of NSW m Tim Evans, Ocean Beach Precinct & Manly Conservation Strategy Management Group m Richard Hewitt, Fairlight Precinct m Bev Cowan, Manly Food Co-op m Keelah Lam, Manly Conservation Strategy Management Group & Manly Food Co- op m Judy Reizes, Manly Environment Centre m Skye Addison, Manly Council.
124 Staff Resources Dedicated to Environmental Sustainability
Staff Positions EFT
PLANNING & RESEARCH m ESD Planner m Environmental Planner m Total Catchment Management Officer (Part Time) m Director Manly Environment Centre m Environmental Education Officer m Manly Environment Centre Coordinator m Waste Education Officer m Catchment Liaison Officer (Part Time - grant funded) m Living Creeks Coordinator (Part Time - grant funded) 7.5
COMPLIANCE m 3 Environmental Health Officers m 10 Rangers m Tree Preservation Officer 14.0
BUSHLAND MANAGEMENT m Bushland Management Technician m 4 Bush Regenerators 5.0
Total 26.5 APPENDIX 125 Noxious Weed List
THE REVISED LIST OF NOXIOUS PLANTS DECLARED BY THE MINISTER FOR AGRICULTURE, OPERATIVE IN THE MANLY LGA.
Categories: W1 The presence of the weed on land must be notified to the local control authority and the weed must be fully and continuously suppressed and destroyed. W2 The weed must be fully and continuously suppressed and destroyed. W3 Noxious weed, the weed must be prevented from spreading and its numbers and distribution reduced. W4 The action specied in the declaration must be taken in respect of the weed. - W4a Shall not be sold, propagated or knowingly distributed. - W4b Shall not be sold, propagated or knowingly distributed. Established plantings must be prevented from flowering and fruiting. - W4c Shall not be sold, propagated or knowingly distributed. Occupier must prevent spread to adjoining property.
Botanical Name Common Name Category Acacia karoo Karoo thorn W1 Ageratina adenophora Crofton weed W3 Alternanthera philoxeroides Alligator weed W1 Anredera cordifolia Madeira vine W4 c Arundo donax Giant reed, Elephant grass W4 a Cannabis sativa Indian hemp W1 Cardiospermum grandiflorum Balloon vine W4 c Cestrum parqui Green cestrum W2 Chromolaena odorata Siam weed W1 Cortaderia spp Pampas grass W2 Cotoneaster glaucophyllus Cotoneaster W4 b Cotoneaster pannosus Cotoneaster Delairea odorata Cape ivy W4 c Eichhornia crassipes Water hyacinth W1 Equisetum spp Horse tail W1 Erythina crista - galli Cockscomb coral tree W4 b Erythroxylum coca Coca leaf W1 Genista monspessulana Cape broom W4 b Gymnocoronis spillanthoides Senengal tea plant W1 Hypericum perforatum St Johns wart W2 Ipomoea indica Morning glory W4 c Ipomoea cairica Morning glory Kochia scoparia Kochia W1 Lagarosiphon major Lagarosiphon W1 Lantana camara Lantana ( red flower ) W2 Lantana camara Lantana ( pink flower ) W2 Ligustrum lucidum Privet - Broad leaf W4 b Ligustrum sinense Privet - Narrow leaf W4 b Ludwigia peruviana Ludwigia W2 Nephrolepis cordifolia Fishbone fern W4 Macfadyena unguis - cati Cat’s claw creeper W4 c Ochna serrulata Ochna W4 b Papaver somniferum Opium poppy W2 Parietaria judaica Pellitory W3 Parthenium hystorophorus Parthenium weed W1 Phyllostachys spp Rhizomatous bamboo W4 a Pistia stratoites Water lettuce W1 Protoasparagus aethiopicus Asparagus fern W4 c Protoasparagus plumosus Climbing asparagus W4 c Ricinus communis Castor oil plant W2 Rubus fruticosa ( agg )spp Blackberry W2 Salvinia molesta Salvinia W1 Senna pendula Cassia W4 b
Noxious Plant Control in Manly Toxicodendron succedaneum Rhus tree W2 Tradescantia albiflora Wandering jew W4 c 126 NSW NPWS Manly Local Government Area Flora List Extracted from the Atlas of NSW Wildlife, a NSW NPWS database, and hence does not cover all flora species identified in Manly. The data is only indicative and cannot be considered a comprehensive inventory, and may contain errors and omissions.
Legal Status key:
U = unprotected P = protected P13 = protected native plants V= vulnerable E1= endangered
Family Name Scientific Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Amaranthaceae Alternanthera philoxeroides U 27/04/98 Dilleniaceae Hibbertia hermanniifolia U 7/10/74 Dilleniaceae Hibbertia nitida U 09/09/1889 Epacridaceae Leucopogon amplexicaulis U 8/01/98 Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Acacia terminalis U 15/06/97 Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Acacia bynoeana V 1/03/51 Fabaceae (Mimosoideae) Acacia terminalis ssp terminalis E1 12/03/98 Haloragaceae Gonocarpus salsoloides U 25/09/96 Myrtaceae Angophora crassifolia U 2/03/92 Myrtaceae Darwinia diminuta U 16/09/61 Myrtaceae Darwinia leptantha U 15/06/97 Myrtaceae Darwinia procera U 22/03/92 Myrtaceae Eucalyptus camfieldii V 18/04/85 Myrtaceae Eucalyptus luehmanniana U 14/05/79 Myrtaceae Syzygium paniculatum V 14/03/47 Orchidaceae Caladenia tessellata V 1/10/45 Orchidaceae Dipodium punctatum P13 30/04/93 Orchidaceae Genoplesium baueri U 1/01/96 Polypodiaceae Platycerium bifurcatum ssp bifurcatum P13 15/06/97 Proteaceae Grevillea caleyi E1 28/09/83 Rutaceae Boronia fraseri P13 30/09/22 Sterculiaceae Rulingia hermanniifolia U 15/06/97 Tremandraceae Tetratheca glandulosa V 27/08/96 APPENDIX 127 NSW NPWS Manly Local Government Area Fauna Data Extracted from the Atlas of NSW Wildlife, a NSW NPWS database. The data is only indicative and cannot be considered a comprehensive inventory, and may contain errors and omissions.
Legal Status key:
U = unprotected P = protected P13 = protected native plants V= vulnerable E1= endangered
Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Heleioporus australiacus Giant Burrowing Frog V 31/05/94 Crinia signifera Common Eastern Froglet P 11/01/95 Limnodynastes peronii Brown-striped Frog P 12/04/94 Limnodynastes peronii Brown-striped Frog P 11/01/95 Litoria freycineti Freycinet’s Frog P 26/12/92 Pseudophryne australis Red-crowned Toadlet V 30/08/96 Litoria phyllochroa Leaf Green Tree Frog P 11/01/95 Diplodactylus vittatus Stone Gecko P 21/08/80 Oedura lesueurii Lesueur’s Velvet Gecko P 31/12/78 Phyllurus platurus Southern Leaf-tailed Gecko P 31/10/92 Underwoodisaurus milii Thick-tailed Gecko P 21/08/80 Lialis burtonis Burton’s Legless Lizard P 31/12/92 Pygopus lepidopodus Common Scaly-foot P 21/10/47 Chelonia mydas Green Turtle V 18/03/93 Physignathus lesueurii Eastern Water Dragon P 2/10/97 Varanus varius Lace Monitor P 12/04/94 Bassiana platynota Red-throated Skink P 11/09/92 Ctenotus taeniolatus Copper-tailed Skink P 20/04/93 Eulamprus quoyii Eastern Water Skink P 11/01/95 Lampropholis delicata Grass Skink P 11/01/95 Lygisaurus foliorum P 31/12/78 Saiphos equalis Three-toed Skink P 31/10/92 Tiliqua scincoides Eastern Blue-tongued Lizard P 7/01/94 Dendrelaphis punctulata Green Tree Snake P 28/06/94 Cacophis squamulosus Golden Crowned Snake P 30/08/95 Furina diadema Red-naped Snake P 31/12/92 Notechis scutatus Eastern Tiger Snake P 31/12/90 Pseudechis porphyriacus Red-bellied Black Snake P 24/05/92 Vermicella annulata Bandy Bandy P 22/11/72 Astrotia stokesii P 1/11/92 Disteira kingii P 12/08/98 Coturnix ypsilophora Brown Quail P 8/01/98 Anas castanea Chestnut Teal P 27/12/91 Anas rhynchotis Australasian Shoveler P 11/12/85 Anas superciliosa Pacific Black Duck P 6/09/77 Dendrocygna eytoni Plumed Whistling-Duck P 24/01/82 Tadorna tadornoides Australian Shelduck P 23/11/87 128 Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Eudyptula minor Little Penguin P 15/06/97 Puffinus assimilus Little Shearwater V 13/07/85 Calonectris leucomelas Streaked Shearwater P 17/02/91 Pterodroma leucoptera Gould’s Petrel E1 19/12/91 Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-Petrel P 16/09/90 Macronectes halli Northern Giant-Petrel P 31/12/91 Pachyptila desolata Antarctic Prion P 8/08/86 Pachyptila turtur Fairy Prion P 8/08/92 Pelecanoides urinatrix Common Diving-Petrel P 31/08/92 Pterodroma inexpectata Mottled Petrel P 8/11/84 Pterodroma lessonii White-headed Petrel P 8/11/84 Pterodroma macroptera Great-winged Petrel P 27/10/85 Puffinus bulleri Buller’s Shearwater P 17/02/91 Puffinus gavia Fluttering Shearwater P 9/07/92 Puffinus griseus Sooty Shearwater P 21/11/82 Puffinus huttoni Hutton’s Shearwater P 10/11/85 Puffinus pacificus Wedge-tailed Shearwater P 4/05/85 Puffinus tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater P 15/12/93 Pandion haliaetus Osprey V 21/05/88 Calidris alba Sanderling V 13/04/92 Calidris tenuirostris Great Knot V 23/12/91 Ixobrychus flavicollis Black Bittern V 1/09/91 Diomedea cauta Shy Albatross V 8/08/86 Diomedea exulans Wandering Albatross E1 13/07/85 Diomedea melanophrys Black-browed Albatross V 25/10/92 Phoebetria fusca Sooty Albatross V 10/07/92 Diomedea chlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross P 24/06/92 Pelagodroma marina White-faced Storm-Petrel P 9/10/92 Morus serrator Australasian Gannet P 29/05/82 Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant P 18/02/73 Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Little Black Cormorant P 18/02/73 Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican P 6/09/77 Ardea intermedia Intermediate Egret P 26/04/81 Ardea pacifica White-necked Heron P 15/03/92 Butorides striatus Striated Heron P 23/07/84 Egretta novaehollandiae White-faced Heron P 11/01/95 Egretta sacra Eastern Reef Egret P 27/12/91 Nycticorax caledonicus Nankeen Night Heron P 31/12/91 Platalea regia Royal Spoonbill P 18/02/73 Plegadis falcinellus Glossy Ibis P 6/01/92 Accipiter cirrhocephalus Collared Sparrowhawk P 1/03/86 Accipiter fasciatus Brown Goshawk P 31/05/88 Aquila audax Wedge-tailed Eagle P 29/01/85 Circus approximans Swamp Harrier P 22/12/91 Elanus axillaris Black-shouldered Kite P 30/06/86 Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea-Eagle P 1/11/93 Haliastur sphenurus Whistling Kite P 2/09/89 Hieraaetus morphnoides Little Eagle P 8/08/92 Milvus migrans Black Kite P 18/08/81 Falco cenchroides Nankeen Kestrel P 15/12/93 Falco longipennis Australian Hobby P 5/08/90 Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon P 5/12/92 Gallinula tenebrosa Dusky Moorhen P 18/02/73 Gallirallus philippensis Buff-banded Rail P 11/01/92 Porzana fluminea Australian Spotted Crake P 11/01/92 Rallus pectoralis Lewin’s Rail P 15/12/83 APPENDIX 129 Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Turnix pyrrhothorax Red-chested Button-quail P 31/12/73 Turnix varia Painted Button-quail P 23/06/85 Arenaria interpres Ruddy Turnstone P 1/12/91 Heteroscelus brevipes Grey-tailed Tattler P 11/01/92 Heteroscelus incanus Wandering Tattler P 10/11/85 Limosa lapponica Bar-tailed Godwit P 15/10/82 Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew P 31/07/82 Esacus neglectus Beach Stone-curlew E1 28/02/85 Haematopus fuliginosus Sooty Oystercatcher V 31/12/92 Haematopus longirostris Pied Oystercatcher V 5/05/86 Numenius phaeopus Whimbrel P 25/09/83 Philomachus pugnax Ruff P 30/01/86 Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank P 19/01/86 Tringa stagnatilis Marsh Sandpiper P 15/12/91 Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt P 27/02/91 Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Red-necked Avocet P 20/04/85 Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded Plover P 4/09/92 Pluvialis squatarola Grey Plover P 26/12/91 Charadrius leschenaultii Greater Sand Plover V 13/01/85 Charadrius mongolus Lesser Sand Plover V 11/01/92 Vanellus miles Masked Lapwing P 11/01/95 Anous minutus Black Noddy P 8/02/69 Anous stolidus Common Noddy P 26/02/92 Catharacta skua Great Skua P 7/10/90 Chlidonias leucopterus White-winged Black Tern P 1/11/87 Gygis alba White Tern V 2/05/96 Sterna albifrons Little Tern E1 14/09/91 Sterna fuscata Sooty Tern V 9/02/85 Larus dominicanus Kelp Gull P 13/06/92 Larus novaehollandiae Silver Gull P 28/06/94 Larus pacificus Pacific Gull P 12/06/90 Stercorarius longicaudus Long-tailed Jaeger P 8/04/90 Stercorarius parasiticus Arctic Jaeger P 16/10/83 Stercorarius pomarinus Pomarine Jaeger P 14/11/81 Sterna bergii Crested Tern P 23/10/84 Sterna caspia Caspian Tern P 13/12/92 Sterna hirundo Common Tern P 29/01/92 Sterna paradisaea Arctic Tern P 19/11/83 Sterna striata White-fronted Tern P 4/09/92 Columba livia Rock Dove U 11/01/95 Ptilinopus magnificus Wompoo Fruit-Dove V 9/09/85 Ptilinopus superbus Superb Fruit-Dove V 29/05/92 Geopelia humeralis Bar-shouldered Dove P 4/11/85 Ocyphaps lophotes Crested Pigeon P 11/01/95 Phaps elegans Brush Bronzewing P 21/06/86 Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Turtle-Dove U 11/01/95 Cacatua galerita Sulphur-crested Cockatoo P 28/06/94 Cacatua roseicapilla Galah P 29/01/94 Cacatua sanguinea Little Corella P 17/03/94 Cacatua tenuirostris Long-billed Corella P 27/11/83 Calyptorhynchus funereus Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo P 12/08/96 Alisterus scapularis Australian King-Parrot P 5/12/93 Barnardius zonarius Australian Ringneck P 6/11/85 Glossopsitta concinna Musk Lorikeet P 3/06/90 Platycercus elegans Crimson Rosella P 11/01/95 Platycercus eximius Eastern Rosella P 11/01/95
130 Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus Scaly-breasted Lorikeet P 30/04/84 Trichoglossus haematodus Rainbow Lorikeet P 11/01/95 Chrysococcyx basalis Horsfield’s Bronze-Cuckoo P 30/06/86 Chrysococcyx lucidus Shining Bronze-Cuckoo P 30/09/72 Eudynamys scolopacea Common Koel P 11/01/95 Centropus phasianinus Pheasant Coucal P 26/11/86 Ninox novaeseelandiae Southern Boobook P 2/09/94 Tyto alba Barn Owl P 30/09/85 Ninox strenua Powerful Owl V 6/05/91 Podargus strigoides Tawny Frogmouth P 11/01/95 Apus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift P 9/03/83 Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated Needletail P 24/03/83 Dacelo novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra P 11/01/95 Todiramphus sanctus Sacred Kingfisher P 11/01/95 Eurystomus orientalis Dollarbird P 11/03/85 Pitta versicolor Noisy Pitta P 23/04/91 Menura novaehollandiae Superb Lyrebird P 26/09/94 Malurus cyaneus Superb Fairy-wren P 11/01/95 Malurus lamberti Variegated Fairy-wren P 30/06/86 Acanthiza chrysorrhoa Yellow-rumped Thornbill P 31/12/82 Acanthiza lineata Striated Thornbill P 31/12/60 Acanthiza nana Yellow Thornbill P 30/06/86 Acanthiza pusilla Brown Thornbill P 11/01/95 Gerygone mouki Brown Gerygone P 30/06/86 Gerygone olivacea White-throated Gerygone P 31/08/85 Origma solitaria Rockwarbler P 31/12/84 Pardalotus punctatus Spotted Pardalote P 30/06/86 Sericornis frontalis White-browed Scrubwren P 11/01/95 Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris Eastern Spinebill P 11/01/95 Anthochaera carunculata Red Wattlebird P 11/01/95 Anthochaera chrysoptera Little Wattlebird P 2/10/97 Lichenostomus chrysops Yellow-faced Honeyeater P 8/08/86 Lichenostomus fuscus Fuscous Honeyeater P 13/07/86 Lichenostomus leucotis White-eared Honeyeater P 28/06/94 Lichenostomus melanops Yellow-tufted Honeyeater P 31/08/89 Manorina melanocephala Noisy Miner P 11/01/95 Melithreptus brevirostris Brown-headed Honeyeater P 26/05/92 Phylidonyris melanops Tawny-crowned Honeyeater P 26/05/92 Phylidonyris nigra White-cheeked Honeyeater P 11/01/95 Phylidonyris novaehollandiae New Holland Honeyeater P 11/01/95 Eopsaltria australis Eastern Yellow Robin P 30/06/86 Petroica multicolor Scarlet Robin P 13/07/86 Petroica rosea Rose Robin P 22/08/86 Psophodes olivaceus Eastern Whipbird P 11/01/95 Colluricincla harmonica Grey Shrike-thrush P 11/01/95 Pachycephala pectoralis Golden Whistler P 14/05/87 Pachycephala rufiventris Rufous Whistler P 12/08/88 Dicrurus bracteatus Spangled Drongo P 28/06/94 Grallina cyanoleuca Magpie-lark P 30/06/84 Monarcha melanopsis Black-faced Monarch P 4/10/84 Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher P 1/11/83 Myiagra rubecula Leaden Flycatcher P 6/10/82 Rhipidura fuliginosa Grey Fantail P 11/01/95 Rhipidura leucophrys Willie Wagtail P 28/06/94 Coracina novaehollandiae Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike P 11/01/95 Lalage leucomela Varied Triller P 1/09/84 APPENDIX 131 Scientific Name Common Name Legal Status Last officially recorded date
Oriolus sagittatus Olive-backed Oriole P 26/08/87 Artamus cyanopterus Dusky Woodswallow P 24/10/84 Artamus superciliosus White-browed Woodswallow P 25/11/82 Cracticus nigrogularis Pied Butcherbird P 6/03/94 Cracticus torquatus Grey Butcherbird P 11/01/95 Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie P 11/01/95 Strepera graculina Pied Currawong P 12/08/96 Corvus coronoides Australian Raven P 11/01/95 Alauda arvensis Skylark U 13/12/92 Neochmia temporalis Red-browed Finch P 11/01/95 Dicaeum hirundinaceum Mistletoebird P 31/05/86 Hirundo neoxena Welcome Swallow P 28/06/94 Pycnonotus jocosus Red-whiskered Bulbul U 11/01/95 Cinclorhamphus mathewsi Rufous Songlark P 7/11/82 Cisticola exilis Golden-headed Cisticola P 31/10/84 Megalurus timoriensis Tawny Grassbird P 4/08/91 Zosterops lateralis Silvereye P 28/06/94 Acridotheres tristis Common Myna U 28/06/94 Sturnus vulgaris Common Starling U 26/11/92 Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked Echidna P 31/12/92 Dasyurus maculatus Tiger Quoll V 31/05/93 Phascolarctos cinereus Koala V 23/02/97 Perameles nasuta Long-nosed Bandicoot P 2/10/97 Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail Possum P 28/06/94 Pseudocheirus peregrinus Common Ringtail Possum P 11/01/95 Wallabia bicolor Swamp Wallaby P 2/03/74 Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed Flying-fox P 11/01/95 Chalinolobus gouldii Gould’s Wattled Bat P 11/01/95 Mus musculus House Mouse U 28/08/74 Rattus fuscipes Bush Rat P 5/01/94 Rattus rattus Black Rat U 11/01/95 Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit U 28/06/94 Vulpes vulpes Fox U 11/01/95 Arctocephalus pusillus Australian Fur-seal P 15/06/98 Arctocephalus sp. Unidentified Fur-seal P 19/05/91 Seal sp. Unidentified Seal P 23/08/92 Hydrurga leptonyx Leopard Seal P 7/08/92 Mirounga leonina Southern Elephant Seal P 16/08/94 Dugong dugon Dugong P 21/04/72 Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback Whale V 15/06/98 Eubalaena australis Southern Right Whale V 16/08/89 Physeter macrocephalus Sperm Whale V 3/02/95 Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke Whale P 22/08/93 Balaenoptera sp. Unidentified Rorqual P 1/01/95 Whale sp. Unidentified Whale P 07/09/1790 Whale sp. Unidentified Whale P 22/06/88 Kogia breviceps Pygmy Sperm Whale P 3/03/29 Mesoplodon layardi Strap-toothed Beaked Whale P 3/04/62 Delphinus delphis Common Dolphin P 27/06/90 Grampus griseus Risso’s Dolphin P 31/12/75 Tursiops truncatus Bottlenose Dolphin P 15/06/98
132 Flora in Manly LGA (as identified by Council)
Key: * - Species introduced to the Manly LGA (includes natives) ** - Protected species
Scientific Name Common Name GYMNOSPERMS Pteridophytes CUPRESSACEAE ADIANTACEAE Callitris muelleri Mueller’s Cypress Adiantum aethiopicum Maiden Hair Fern Pine A.hispidulum Rough Maidenhair C. rhomboidea Port Jackson Cypress Fern Pine ASPLENIACEAE PODOCARPACEAE Asplenium australasicum Bird’s Nest Fern Podocarpus spinulosus Plum Pine
BLECHNACEAE ANGIOSPERMS Blechnum indicum Monocotyledons Doodia aspera Rasp Fern DORYANTHACEAE Doryanthes excelsa Gymea Lily CYATHEACEAE Cyathea australis Rough Tree Fern COMMELINACEAE Commelina cyanea DAVALLIACEAE Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jew Davallia solida var. pyxidata Hare’s Foot Fern CYPERACEAE DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Caustis flexuosa ** Curly Sedge Pteridium esculentum Bracken Fern C. pentandra ** Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike Rush DICKSONIACEAE Gahnia clarkei Saw Sedge Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree Fern Lepidosperma concavum (f-squamatum) GLEICHENIACEAE L. gunnii (f-lineare) Gleichenia dicarpa Pouched Coral Fern L. laterale L. viscidum LINDSAEACEAE Schoenus brevifolius Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern S. imberbis Coast Sedge L. microphylla Lacy Wedge Fern Isolepis nodosa Tricostularia pauciflora Needle Bogrush POLYPODIACEAE Nephrolepis cordifolia * Fishbone Fern HAEMODORACEAE Haemodorum planifolium Blood Root SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella uliginosa IRIDACEAE Patersonia fragilis Short Purple Flag P.glabrata Leafy Purple Flag P. sericea Silky Purple Flag Watsonia meriana cv. bulbillifera * Wild Watsonia
ASPARAGACEAE Protasparagus aethiopicus* Asparagus Fern Burchardia umbellata Milkmaids Dianella caerulea Blue Flax Lily D. longifolia D. revoluta Mauve Flax Lily APPENDIX 133 Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name PHORMIACEAE L. glauca Thelionema umbellatum L. longifolia (f-Stypandra) XANTHORRHOEACEAE Xanthorrhoea arborea Grass Tree LILIACEAE Lilium formosanum* Formosan Lily XYRIDACEAE Sowerbaea juncea Vanilla Plant Xyris operculata
ANTHERICACEAE Thysanotus juncifolius Fringe Lily DICOTYLEDONS AIZOACEAE ORCHIDACEAE Carpobrotus edulis * Caleana major ** Large Duck Orchid Cryptostylis sp. ** APIACEAE C. erecta Actinotus helianthi ** Flannel Flower Dendrobium speciosum Rock Lily/Orchid A. minor Diuris aurea ** Golden Donkey Orchid Platysace lanceolata Erythrorchis cassythoides P. linearifolia (f.Galeola) ** Bootlace Orchid Xanthosia pilosa
LUZURIAGACEAE APOCYNACEAE Eustrephus latifolius Wombat Berry Parsonsia straminea Geitonoplesium cymosum Scrambling Lily ASTERACEAE PHILYDRACEAE Bidens pilosa * Philydrum lanuginosum Woolly Frogmouth Chrysanthemoides POACEAE monilifera subsp. monilfera * Andropogon virginicus * Whisky Grass Boneseed / Bitou Bush Anisopogon avenaceus Oat Speargrass Conyza albida * Axonopus affinis * Coreopsis lanceolata * Cortaderia selloana * Pampas Grass Epaltes australis Entolasia stricta Ageratina adenophora * Eragrostis brownii Brown’s Love Grass Gnaphalium sp. * Imperata cylindrica var major Blady Grass Ozothamnus diosmifolius Microlaena stipoides Weeping Grass Olearia tomentosa Oplismenus imbecillis Basket Grass Picris sp. * Paspalum dilatatum * Paspalum Senecio spp. * P. quadrifarium * Soliva sessilis Pennisetum clandestinum * Kikuyu ASCLEPIADACEAE Poa annua * Winter Grass Marsdenia suaveolens P. affinis Sporobolus indicus BAUERACEAE var. capensis Parramatta Couch Bauera rubioides Dog Rose Stenotaphrum secundatum * Buffalo Grass Themeda australis Kangaroo Grass BIGNONIACEAE Pandorea pandorana RESTIONACEAE Empodisma minus Tassel Rope-rush CAPRIFOLIACEAE Hypolaena fastigiata Lonicera japonica * Lepyrodia scariosa LAURACEAE Guringalia dimorpha (f.Restio) Cassytha pubescens Saropsis fastigiata (f.Restio) Tassel Rush Restio tetraphyllus CASUARINACEAE subsp. meiostachyus ** Allocasuarina distyla A. ittoralis Black She-oak SMILACACEAE A. verticillata Drooping She-oak Smilax glyciphylla Native Sarasparilla Casuarina cunninghamiana River Oak LOMANDRACEAE C. glauca Swamp She-oak Lomandra filiformis CUNONIACEAE subsp. filiformis Callicoma serratifolia Black Wattle Ceratopetalum gummiferum Christmas Tree
134 Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name DILLENIACEAE A. saligna * Hibbertia dentata Twining Guinea Flower A. sophorae Coastal Wattle H. empetrifolia A. suaveolens Sweet Wattle H. fasciculata A. terminalis H. linearis A. ulicifolia Prickly Moses H. scandens Golden Guinea Flower GOODENIACEAE DROSERACEAE Goodenia bellidifolia Drosera peltata ELAEOCARPACEAE LAMIACEAE Elaeocarpus reticulatus Blueberry Ash Westringia fruticosa Coast Westringia
EPACRIDACEAE LAURACEAE Astroloma humifusum Cinnamomum camphora* Camphor Laurel Brachyloma daphnoides LOBELIACEAE Epacris longiflora Fushsia Heath Lobelia gibbosa E. microphylla E. obtusifolia MELIACEAE E. pulchella Toona ciliata Red Cedar Leucopogon ericoides Melia azadarach L. esquamatus var. australasica White Cedar L. lanceolatus Beard Heath Synoum glandulosum Scentless Rosewood L. microphyllus Monotoca elliptica MENISPERMACEAE M. scoparia Stephania japonica var. discolor Snake Vine Sprengelia incarnata ** Styphelia triflora MORACEAE S. tubiflora Ficus elastica * India Rubber Tree Woollsia pungens F. macrophylla* Mortan Bay Fig F. rubiginosa Port Jackson Fig EUPHORBIACEAE Amperea xiphoclada MYOPORACEAE Breynia oblongifolia Breynia Myoporum acuminatum Glochidion ferdinandi Cheese Tree MYRTACEAE Micrantheum ericoides Acmena smithii Lilly Pilly Omalanthus populifolius Native Bleeding Heart Angophora costata Smooth-barked Apple Phyllanthus hirtellus A. hispida Dwarf Apple Pseudanthus orientalis Callistemon citrinus Lemon Scented Ricinocarpos pinifolius Bottlebrush FABACEAE C. linearis Narrow-leaved Sub-family Faboideae Bottlebrush Aotus ericoides C. pinifolius Bossiaea heterophylla C. rigidus Dillwynia retorta Eggs and Bacon Corymbia gummifera Red Bloodwood Erythrina x sykesii Coral Tree E. botryoides Hardenbergia violacea False Sarsparilla E. camfieldii Kennedia rubicunda Dusky Coral Pea E. haemastoma Scribbly gum Pultenaea daphnoides E. piperita Sydney Peppermint P. elliptica E. punctata Grey Gum P. stipularis Bush-pea Kunzea ambigua Tick Bush Leptospermum trinervium Paperbark Tea-tree FABACEAE L. polygalifolium Yellow Tea-tree Senna pendula var. glabrata L. squarrosum Peach Tea-tree Sub-family Mimosoideae Lophostemon confertus * Brush Box Acacia baileyana * Cootamundra Wattle Melaleuca armillaris Bracelet Honey Myrtle A. binervia Coast Myall M. ericifolia Swamp Paperbark A. decurrens * Early Black Wattle M. linariifolia * Snow-in-summer (Green Wattle) M. nodosa A. linifolia M. quinquenervia Broad-leaf Paperbark A. terminalis Sunshine Wattle Tristania laurina Water Gum A. longifolia Sydney Golden Wattle APPENDIX 135 Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name OLACACEAE RUTACEAE Olax stricta Boronia ledifolia Sydney Boronia B. microphylla Small Leaf Boronia OLEACEAE Ligustrum sinense * Small-leaved Privet SAPINDACEAE L. lucidum * Broad-leaved Privet Dodonaea triquetra Large Leaved Hop Bush Notelaea longifolia Olea. europaea subsp. africana African Olive SOLANACEAE Solanum nigrum * PITTOSPORACEAE Billardiera scandens STERCULIACEAE Pittosporum revolutum Rough-fruit Lasiopetalum ferrugineum Pittosporum STYLIDIACEAE P. undulatum (sometimes *) Stylidium lineare PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago lanceolata* Lamb’s Tongue THYMELAEACEAE Pimelea linifolia POLYGALACEAE Comesperma ericinum VERBENACEAE Lantana camara * Lantana POLYGONACEAE Persicaria capitata * VIOLACEAE Viola hederacea PRIMULACEAE Anagallis arvensis * VITACEAE Cissus hypoglauca Water Vine PROTEACEAE (native grape) Banksia oblongifolia B. ericifolia Heath Banksia ARECACEAE B. integrifolia Coastal Banksia Livistona australis Cabbage Tree Palm B. marginata B. robur Swamp Banksia MANLY SCENIC WALKWAY B. serrata Saw-leafed Banksia SPECIES WEEDS B. serratifolia B. spinulosa Hairpin Banksia Ipomoea indica * Morning Glory Tradescantia fluminensis * Wandering Jew Grevillea buxifolia Grey Spider Flower Acetosa sagittata * Potato Vine G. robusta * Silky Oak Cardiospermum grandiflorum * Balloon Vine G. sericea Pink Spider Flower G. speciosa Ageratina adenophora * Croften Weed Hakea dactyloides Anredera cordifolia * Madeira Vine Nephrolepis cordifolia * Fishbone Fern H. gibbosa Rock Hakea Bambusa spp. * Bamboo H. sericea Silky Hakea Toxicodendron succedaneum * Rhus H. teretifolia Isopogon anethifolius Hedychium gardnerianum * Wild Ginger Lambertia formosa Parietaria judaica * Sticky Weed Bryophyllum delagoense * Mother of Millions Persoonia lanceolata Ochna serrulata * Mickey Mouse Bush P. levis Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora * Montbretia Telopea speciosissima Waratah Xylomelum pyriforme Canna indica * Canna Lily Alocasia (macrorrhizoa) RHAMNACEAE brisbanensis* Taro (Elephants Ears) Crytandra amara Araujia sericiflora * Moth Vine Lonicera japonica * Honeysuckle ROSACEAE Rubus fruticosus species Cotoneaster pannosus * Red Cotoneaster - aggreagate* Blackberry Rhaphiolepis indica * Indian Hawthorn Salvinia molesta * Salvinia Rubus fruticosus species Agave americana * Century Plant - aggregate* Cynodon dactylon * Couch Pennisetum clandestinum * Kikuyu RUBIACEAE Stenotaphrum secundatum * Buffalo Grass Opercularia aspera Ricinus communis * Castor Oil Plant Cestrum parqui * Green Cestrum
136