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Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida Charles S View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquila Digital Community Northeast Gulf Science Volume 7 Article 8 Number 1 Number 1 7-1984 Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida Charles S. Manooch III National Marine Fisheries Service Diane L. Mason National Marine Fisheries Service DOI: 10.18785/negs.0701.08 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Manooch, C. S. III and D. L. Mason. 1984. Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida. Northeast Gulf Science 7 (1). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol7/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Manooch and Mason: Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida Northeast Gulf Science Vol. 7, No.1, p. 109·115 July 1984 AGE, GROWTH, AND MORTALITY OF LANE SNAPPER FROM SOUTHERN FLORIDA Charles S. Manooch, Ill and Diane L. Mason National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Center Beaufort Laboratory Beaufort, N C 28516-9722 Abstract: Rings on sectioned otoliths were used to determine ages of lane snapper, Lutjanlis synagris, sampled from the south Florida headboat and commericial handline and trap fisheries. Rings were identified and counted on 76% of the otoliths examined, and measurements were made on 61%. The oldest fish encountered was 10 years and 512 mm TL. Back-calculated mean lengths at annulus formation were 135, 196, 233, 261, 285, 310, 338, 367, 411 and 426 mm TL for age groups 1 to 10, resNectively. The von Bertalanffy 0 133 49 equation describing theoretical ~rowth wasQ = 501 (1- 6- · (I+ 1 · ~. The length-weight rei a· 6524 1 tionship was W = 0.000102TL · • The relationship of fork length to total length was TL = -2.6252 + 1.0891 FL. Lane snapper were fully recruited to the hook·and·line fishery as 5 year old fish. A Beverton and Holt yield·per-recruit model suggests a maximum yield· per-recruit of 500 g when instantaneous fishing mortality was 0.5 and recruitment ages were 1.5 to 3.0 years. The lane snapper, Lutjanus common throughout its range and is synagris, known in Latin America as caught by hook-and-line, beach seines, Pargo biajaiba and Dibujo de una fish traps, and trawls. Recreational biajaiba, is a tropical and warm anglers fish for reef fish from headboats temperate marine fish, which common­ or smaller private boats, using manual or ly occurs in the western Atlantic from the electric reels, sturdy boat rods, heavy northern coasts of Florida to monofilament line, and two-hook bottom southeastern Brazil and is often reef rigs baited with squid or cut fish (Hunt­ associated. Occasionally, juveniles are sman 1976). This form of deep water found as far north as North Carolina as fishing is very popular off Florida where a result of Gulf Stream transport of the lane snapper is caught along with eggs and larvae and are probably not in­ mutton snapper, Lutjanus ana/is, gray dicative of local, established popula­ snapper, L. griseus, red snapper, L. tions. The habitat of adults is highly campechanus, and yellowtail snapper, variable. It includes irregular substrates Ocyurus chrysurus, as well as grunts such as coral reefs, rock outcroppings, (Haemulidae), groupers (Serranidae), and and shipwrecks offshore, and smooth porgies (Sparidae). Smaller reef fish, in­ bottom usually associated with seagrass cluding young lane snappers, are caught beds and mangrove thickets inshore. by anglers fishing from piers, jetties, Larger individuals generally occur off­ bridges, and the shore. shore, smaller fish are found in estuaries Three previous studies have been and coastal waters (Starck and published on the age and growth of lane Schroeder 1971) . snapper (Rodriguez Pino 1962; Alegria . Like other iutjanids, the lane snap­ and Menezes 1970; and Claro and per is important to both recreational and Reshetnikov 1981). However, all three commercial fisheries. The species is were primarily directed at small (young) 109 Published by The Aquila Digital Community, 1984 1 Gulf of Mexico Science, Vol. 7 [1984], No. 1, Art. 8 110 C. S. Manooch, Ill and D. L. Mason .fish, hence the data are only marginally were mounted dry between two glass useful in calculating growth parameters slides and were examined at 40X on an needed to derive harvest strategy,models Everbach 1 scale projector. for the fishable stock(s) off Florida. Otoliths (sagittae) were removed Our research was part of the Na­ either by making a cross cut in the tional Marine Fisheries S'ervice, cranium with a hacksaw, thus exposing Southeast Fisheries Center's continuing the earbones, or by opening the otic major research program on reef fisheries. bulba with a wood chisel and entering Special appreciation . is exterded to the cranium from under the operculum. Robert L. Dixon, Beaufort Laljloratory, The latter technique was used to avoid and Harold Brusher, Panama City disfiguring fish, which were to be sold. Laboratory, who directed field sampling Otoliths were stored dry in labeled vials activities along the east coast of Florida or coin envelopes and were examined and in the Florida Keys, respectively. first whole and then again after being The objectives of this study were to: sectioned. Whole otoliths were placed in 1) determine the age structure and a blackened-bottom watch glass contain­ growth rates of lane snapper. in south ing clove oil and were viewed under a Florida, 2) estimate total inst~ntaneous dissecting microscope at 20X using mortality rates from catch curves derived reflected light. Reflected light revealed from recreational headboat catches, and two distinct types of rings, an opaque 3) construct a yield-per-recruit·model to ring that appeared white and a trans­ demonstrate the effects of ~ifferent luscent or hyaline band that looked dark. levels of fishing and recruitment age on Opaque rings were counted as annuli. potential yields. Such information is Measurements were made from the core needed by various regional :Fishery to each ring and to the otolith radius. Management Councils for preparing reef Since the field of measurement may vary fishery management plans as provided between species, we examined represen­ for under the Fishery Conservqtion and tative otoliths microscopically before Management Act of 1976. sectioning to identify the area where rings were more legible and where METHODS erosion of the edge was minimal. Otoliths were then aligned and mounted Lane snapper were sampled from in a chuck to prevent lateral movement recreational and commercial boats and sectioned with a Buehler1 lsomet operating out of ports along ,the east 11-1180 low speed saw yielding three, coast of Florida from Jack~onville 0.012-inch sections. Sections were read southward to Key West, 1977 td 1982. A and measured in the same manner as total of 931 fish were weighed to the described above for whole otoliths. A nearest tenth of a kilogram and detailed discussion of methods for measured (total length or fork length to preparing and sectioning otoliths is pro­ the nearest millimeter), and scales and vided by Matheson (1981). otoliths were removed from 423 lane snapper. Fork lengths were later con­ RESULTS AND DISCUSSION verted to total lengths. Scales were removed from under the Examination of several hundred tip of the posteriorly extended pe.ctoral fin and were placed in labeled. coin 'Mention of products does not mean an endorse­ envelopes. Four to six scales per sample ment by the NMFS, NOAA. https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol7/iss1/8 2 DOI: 10.18785/negs.0701.08 Manooch and Mason: Age, Growth, and Mortality of Lane Snapper from Southern Florida Lane snapper from southern Florida 111 scales from 150 fish of various sizes access to young fish (ages 0 to 3) revealed that scales were not useful in throughout the year, and had docu­ aging lane snapper. The majority of the mented the time of annulus formation. scales examined were regenerated. Those that were not regenerated were Length Conversions thick, often abnormally formed, and An equation to convert fork length rarely possessed a consistent pattern of (FL) to total length (TL) was developed markings. Scales and urohyal bones since some of the fish in this study were removed from lane snapper in Cuban measured in FL and some were mea­ waters had numerous false rings (Claro sured in TL, and all previously pub­ and Reshetnikov 1981). lished papers referred only to FL. The Whole otoliths (as used by Rodri­ following equation was based on random guez Pino 1961; Alegda and Menezes stratified sampling of fish lengths: 1970; and Claro and Reshetnikov 1981) were somewhat more readable than TL = - 2.6252 + 1.0891 FL; scales, but sectioned otoliths were even r = 0.999 and n = 100. more legible. On sectioned otoliths, rings were clear and, since they were formed Observed Growth around the entire structure, were easily Exclusion of smaller size classes by counted and measured. Growth marks the hook-and-line fishery reduced the could be identified on 76% of all those availability of younger fish for our study; examined, and measurements could be only one young-of-year fish (168 mm) was made on 61%. collected (Table 1). Rodrfguez Pino (1962) Validating that rings occurring on found young-of-year lane snapper in fish hardparts are true annuli and repre­ Cuban waters ranging from 60 to 159 mm sent age, is important yet particularly dif­ FL (63 to 171 mm TL). ficult for subject species that inhabit Although mean observed length in­ tropical waters, where temperatures are creased with age, there was much varia­ relatively stable.
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