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THE INTERNATIONAL MAGAZINE

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APRIL 2014 No. 916 : LRT’S ROLE IN RESHAPING A NATION

On the up: Worldwide market review US unveils USD302bn transport bill Search is on for London’s new Tube Moscow’s first PESA Foxtrot arrives ISSN 1460-8324 £4.10 04 Reconnecting a Metro development diverse community plans examined 9 771460 832036 2014

11-12 June 2014 – Nottingham, UK Nottingham Conference Centre

The UK’s premier two-day networking and knowledge exchange event and exhibition, including over 65 speakers and panellists, an exclusive technical tour of the Nottingham Express Transit expansion projects and a networking dinner hosted by international transport operator .

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TAUT1404_UKLRC14 advert CMYK print.indd 1 10/03/2014 14:14 144 CONTENTS The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association APRIL 2014 Vol. 77 No. 916 www.tramnews.net EDITORIAL EDITOR Simon Johnston Tel: +44 (0)1733 367601 E-mail: [email protected] 13 Orton Enterprise Centre, Bakewell Road, Peterborough PE2 6XU, UK ASSOCIATE EDITOR Tony Streeter E-mail: [email protected] WORLDWIDE EDITOR 168 Michael Taplin Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK. E-mail: [email protected] NEWS EDITOR John Symons 17 Whitmore Avenue, Werrington, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffs ST9 0LW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] SENIOR CONTRIBUTOR Neil Pulling WORLDWIDE CONTRIBUTORS 152 Tony Bailey, James Chuang, Paul Nicholson (Australia), Richard Felski (), Ed Havens, Bill Vigrass (USA), Andrew Moglestue (), NEWS 144 BRUSSELS: DEVELOPING THE METRO 165 Mike Russell, Nikolai Semyonov (), Vic Simons, Obama unveils USD302bn transit plan; In part two of their review of the Belgian Alain Senut (), Thomas Wagner (). tram-train launched; Final go-ahead capital, Geoffrey Skelsey and Yves-Laurent PRODUCTION for Liège first phase; Search on for London’s Hansart turn their attention to the . Lanna Blyth new Tube; First PESA Foxtrot unveiled. Tel: +44 (0)1733 367604 E-mail: [email protected] SYSTEMS FACTFILE: LE HAVRE 168 DESIGN LRT GROWTH IN THE MENA REGION 150 Neil Pulling explores the French port city, Debbie Nolan ’s Gian-Luca Erbacci discusses the where a new tramway opened in late 2012. ADVERTISING COMMERCIAL MANAGER opportunities for growth in the Middle Geoff Butler East and Africa. WORLDWIDE REVIEW 173 Tel: +44 (0)1733 367610 E-mail: [email protected] Jena approves tramway expansion; ADVERTISING MANAGER THE ALGERIAN LRT EXPLOSION 152 Test running starts on extension; Andy Adams TAUT considers the remarkable growth of approves budget to extend metro line Tel: +44 (0)1733 367605 E-mail: [email protected] Algerian light rail, and looks to the current 14; Nagpur to build 38km two-line metro. PUBLISHER plans to develop a further 14 new systems Howard Johnston over the next decade. MAILBOX 178 Tramways & Urban Transit is jointly published by the An open letter to city planners in Dundee, UK. LRTA and LRTA Publishing on the third Friday of each month preceding the cover date. TRAM MARKET REVIEW 2014 158 LRTA WEBSITE AND DIARY With the number of on order up CLASSIC TRAMS: BERGISCHE LAND 180 Brian Lomas from 2013, Michael Taplin gives his annual Mike Russell a rare example of a E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] round-up of the global tram and LRV market. working narrow-gauge tramway in Germany. LRTA MEMBERSHIP (with TAUT subscription) Tramways & Urban Transit is sent free to all paid-up members of the Light Rail Transit Association. SUBSCRIPTIONS Why we need to start preparing for 2040 LRTA Membership Secretary (Dept T06), 38 Wolseley Road, Sale M33 7AU, UK. Looking for inspiration this month, my attention has been drawn to the BACK ISSUES glittering Geneva Motor Show. As the first major auto show of the year, Tel: +44 (0)1406 373070 it offers interesting insights into the way the world’s manufacturers are PRINT AND DISTRIBUTION shaping their plans for the coming years. Warners (Midlands) plc, The Maltings, West Street, Bourne, A lot of new electrical vehicles (EVs) and hybrids – both concept and Lincs PE10 9PH, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1778 391000. production-ready – were revealed, as well as some very efficient fossil LRTA REGISTERED OFFICE fuel-burners that claim 80-90mpg (around 3-2.5 litres/100km) figures. Cheap ‘city cars’ c/o 138 Radnor Avenue, Welling, Kent DA16 2BY, UK. and superminis also appeared to be this year’s dominant class of vehicle. So as the cost Private company limited by guarantee, No. 5072319 in England and Wales. of ‘traditional’ internal combustion-engined vehicles becomes more affordable as we LRTA CHAIRMAN wait for cheaper EVs, driven by tougher regulations and manufacturers competing in Andrew Braddock ever harder marketplaces, surely the case for electrified urban transport decreases? LRTA DEPUTY CHAIRMAN No. Because despite the fact that carmakers are still obviously pushing their latest and Vic Simons greatest machinery (and sales have grown after a blip in western markets), and billions LRTA PUBLISHING REGISTERED OFFICE: are still committed to highways, the issues of congestion and emissions remain. c/o 8 Berwick Place, Welwyn Garden City, Herts AL7 4TU, As we move towards more urbanised societies and the economies of agglomeration UK. Private Limited Company, No. 06169422 become ever more apparent, unless societies take a more -oriented in England and Wales. © LRTA Publishing 2014. approach our cities are going to grind to a halt. This will happen sooner than we think. Articles are submitted on the understanding they may also later be used on our websites or other media. A contribution According to ExxonMobil, one of the world’s largest oil producers, the number of is accepted on the basis that its author is responsible for the cars and light trucks on the world’s roads is expected to double by 2040 to 1.7bn. With opinions expressed in it, and such opinions are not those of LRTA Publishing or the LRTA. All rights reserved. a population that many suggest could increase by two billion by then, that is going to No part of this magazine may be reproduced or transmitted in make existing cities – as well as a whole host of new ones – very crowded indeed; 2040 any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including might seem a long way away, but in terms of urban development it’s the blink of an eye. photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from Of course the huge budgets of car manufacturers will continue to develop cleaner cars the copyright owner. Multiple copying of the contents of the and battery and hydrogen technology will also improve at an exponential rate, but this is magazine without prior written approval is not permitted. where light rail, and indeed all forms of electrified mass transit, come in and where we can make a difference by thinking beyond private city transport. Simon Johnston, Editor COVER: Algiers’ tramway opened in 2011, the first of many for the African nation of Algeria. Alstom

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 143 News Obama unveils four-year USD302bn transportation bill Presidential visit to Minneapolis sees ambitious public transport funding proposals revealed

nited States President four-year USD10bn programme Barack Obama has intended to eliminate outlined a proposal for bottlenecks for freight. a four-year USD302bn Mr Obama made the speech Utransportation initiative, funded on the plan during a 26 February in part by dedicating revenue from visit to the twin Minnesota pro-growth business tax reform. cities of Minneapolis and St Details of the plans are Paul, during which he toured included in the President’s the Metro transit Green line proposed budget for the 2015 operations and maintenance financial year, which says the facility. The Green line linking money would be spent on repairs the downtown areas is to open to existing infrastructure, as in June. He added that he will well as new investments that launch a USD600m competition would include both transit and for transport infrastructure passenger inter-city rail. projects of significant national or The proposed budget provides regional impact. USD72.3bn for public transport In early March US Department over that period and USD17.6bn of Transportation (DOT) While in Minneapolis, President Obama and DOT Secretary Anthony Foxx in 2015, compared with the Secretary Anthony Foxx inspected the Green Line that will connect Minneapolis and St Paul in June. It will USD10.8bn enacted in the 2014 described the USD90.9bn budget link to the existing ‘Hiawatha’ Blue line at Downtown East Station. METRO Transit financial year. This figure includes for the DOT in 2015 as “the kind almost USD14bn for transit of aggressive transportation A ‘transportation cliff’ could – but the 2012 transportation formula grants and USD2.5bn for budget our country needs – one come in August or September, bill mandated USD54m in capital investment grants. that replenishes the Highway it is feared. Fuel tax brings in spending. Some USD1.25bn a year is to Trust Fund (HTF) today around USD35bn each year to The President is urging be allocated to the programme while also helping ensure the the Highway Trust Fund, a figure congress to pass a transportation of TIGER (Transport Investment country has a safe, efficient that has been dropping in recent funding bill by the end of the Generating Economic Recovery) transportation system for years as Americans drive less and summer. The current bill expires grants, and also included is a tomorrow.” adopt more fuel-efficient vehicles on 30 September.

Nantes – Châteaubriant New Transit Commission chair appeals for more funding tram-train launched Following Karen Stintz’s Wynne to push for more French state railway SNCF decision to step down provincial funding; its launched tram-train from chairing Canada’s subsidy to TTC has fallen from services between Nantes and Toronto Transit Commission 50% to 27% in recent years. Châteaubriant in the west of (TTC) in order to join the The Queens Quay the country on 28 February. mayoral race, North York revitalisation project – a The service runs on part of the councillor Maria Augimeri work in progress of more Nantes – Rennes railway line has been elected as the new than 20 years to date – has that dates from 1877, but which commission chair. fallen behind schedule, closed to passenger traffic in Ms Augimeri immediately and the latest date for the 1980 and freight in 2008. sought a meeting with resumption of tram service Now 11 new stations have Ontario Premier Kathleen on line 509 is 31 August. An Dualis on new been built and track relaid for tracks in Nantes railway station with a 100km/h (62mph) running, tram passing on the other platform in with 25kV ac electrification on the background. J-P. Masse the 49km (30 miles) beyond Škoda’s catenary-free tram tests Babiniere. The first 15km (nine ac operation for the service; they miles) from new terminus tracks achieve an end-to-end journey Škoda Transportation is (18.6mph) without drawing at Nantes Gare to Babiniere time of 67 minutes. Some seven trialling a tram capable of power through its . are electrified at 750V dc and return trips per day operate over catenary-free operation at Škoda Transportation Senior include parallel runnin and a the whole line, connecting at its Plzenˇ manufacturing Vice President Zal Shahbaz flat crossing with the SEMITAN Châteaubriant with diesel trains facility, following regulatory said: “Catenary-free tram tramline 1 to Haluchere and to Rennes. Between Nantes and certification in January. operation is nothing new Ranzay. There is no track sharing Sucé-sur-Erdre there are hourly The technology, branded for Škoda as we have already between trams and tram-trains. tram-trains, increasing to Catfree, is installed on a 28T supplied battery powered SNCF has provided 24 Alstom half-hourly at peaks. tram from the order for Konya, trams for depot operations to Citadis Dualis eight-axle Patronage on the revived , and enables it to cover USA, , , Latvia and double-ended low-floor LRVs line is expected to reach 11 200 a claimed 3km (1.86 miles) at , among others, equipped for 750V dc and 25kV passengers/day. an average speed of 30km/h since 2006.”

144 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org test scheduled for June Final go-ahead given for The first test run using one of the 22 43.7m Tramlink vehicles being built by Vossloh for Santos first phase of Liège tram (Brazil) is scheduled for June. The first 11km (seven miles) is a section from São Vicente to ’s economic centre is first tramway phase to open in 2018 Conselheiro Nébias; the second stage will add 5.8km (3.6 miles), he construction permit Phase 1: Ligne courte Standard – Basse Campagne connecting Conselheiro Nébias for the new tramway in Coronmeuse – Bressoux with Valongo Terminal in Santos’ P+R old centre. A footfall of 70 000 Liège, (initially Phase 2: Pont de Seraing – passengers/day is projected. 12.5km/7.8 miles Standard and Coronmeuse – fromT Standard to Coronmeuse, Place Licourt Lynx extension contract Basse Campagne with 21 stops) was issued on A consortium of 17 February; the construction Coronmeuse and Blythe Development has won the USD108m contract to extend consortium for a 30-year public P+R Lynx light rail (Charlotte, US) private partnership contract is Place des 7.2km/4.5 miles to the University due to be announced shortly so Déportés Depot and maintenance centre of North Carolina. Place St-Lambert that major work can begin in Bressoux The FTA has indicated approval October. Utility diversion started Pont d’Avroy P+R for the second stage of the Charlotte on 24 February. Streetcar with a USD63m grant A condition of the permit is for half the cost. The first stage is that a surface contact system already under construction. is installed between Général Guillemins Košice picks PRAGOIMEX P+R P+R Leman and Blonden in the city Place DPMK, transport operator for Pont de Leman the Slovakian city of Košice, centre near Liège-Guillemins Seraing P+R P+R has awarded PRAGOIMEX a station. An unusual aspect of Standard the operation between Place EUR33.33m contract for 23 Saint-Lambert and Place des VarioLF2plus 43% low-floor trams and 15 years’ maintenance. Déportés will be Sunday closure river alongside a park-and-ride sites will offer a total of 2650 Deliveries are to begin in August of the eastbound track along site; four other park-and-ride sites parking spaces. 2014 and there is an option for a the river quay (where there is a are planned along the main line. Passenger services are further 23 trams . regular market) with single-track Once the extensions at either end now predicted to start in 2018. EU sources are to cover 85% operation on the other track. of the line are opened, adding a Some 19 low-floor articulated of the funding, with the central The depot will be at Gare de further 5km (3.1 miles) and 11 trams will be needed. Government providing 10% and Bressoux on the south side of the stops, three more park-and-ride Liège’s last trams ran in 1967. DPMK the remaining 5%. Victoria stop work begins The nine-month transformation of ’s Victoria stop (UK) began on 21 February. ’s ‘biggest ever LRV investment’ The area is being redesigned with additional platforms and tracks for the new Second City Crossing. Belgian light rail operator De Lijn delivery of which is due to start Closure of the stop will last has issued a call for 146 low-floor in November. for the full period with Shude trams for Antwerp, and the De Lijn requires 62 trams Hill being suggested as the West (Kusttram) coastal for the Kusstram coastal line appropriate alternative. During line, describing the EUR320.2m services linking Knokke, Ostend this time trams are only able to project as its ‘largest ever LRV and De Panne; five are for a use one through track and revised investment’ and increasing its proposed extension to Veurne. services have been introduced. overall fleet numbers by 25%. Antwerp will receive 66 trams, Mumbai opens The order will allow and Ghent 18 cars. The first 8.9km (5.5 miles) of replacement of the coastal fleet Two vehicle widths are monorail, from Wadala to Chembur and PCC trams in Antwerp and required: 84 should be 2.3m wide Belgian light rail operator De Lijn in the eastern suburbs of Mumbai currently has 48 2.3m-wide Flexity 2 Ghent, as well as providing and the remaining 62 for West (India), opened on 2 February after LRVs on order in a EUR128.6m deal an inauguration the previous day. additional vehicles for future Flanders need to be 2.4m wide. with Bombardier signed in 2012. lines. The procurement is in All trams should be 32m long A further 11.2km (seven miles) from The first deliveries of these new Wadala to Sant Gadge Maharaj addition to 48 Bombardier with a passenger capacity for at trams are due to begin in November. Chowk is under construction. Flexity 2 trams already on order, least 260 passengers. Bombardier

NEWS IN PICTURES

Chinese-built 15T on trial The first licence-built Škoda 15T ForCity tram began dynamic trials on the test track at the Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Company factory in Qingdao City, eastern China, on 17 February. The three-section articulated low-floor car can carry up to 300 passengers and has a maximum speed of 70km/h (43mph). Škoda signed a ten-year contract with CSR Sifang in June 2013 that could see up to 400 trams of this type worth USD250m built in China. CSR Sifang hopes it may be selected for a large tram The first CSR Sifang/Skoda 15T tram on the test track at CSR Sifang’s factory in Qingdao City. order planned by the city of . Above right: An interior view of the 100% low-floor tram. Both: CSR Sifang.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 145 News

Washington invites interest Search is on for London’s for 35km tram network new Underground trains The District Department New trains to boost comfort and capacity while retaining Tube’s ‘heritage’ of Transportation has invited expressions of ondon Underground Thomas Heatherwick’s New Brown is dismissive of claims interest for a Design- has begun its search Bus for London and wanting to that a fully automated network Build-Operate-Maintain for a supplier to build work with designers to create will effectively erode the power contract for Washington the ‘New Tube for a similarly distinctive future of the unions, claiming that DC’s 35km (22-mile) priority LLondon’. This next generation of style. He says: “It will have all “strike resilience is not the tramway network, which automated, deep-level, walk- the modern features… but will point”, as LU has guaranteed will require 62 cars. through trains is to run on the really incorporate our heritage. every driver a job for life. Three cities including Bakerloo, Central, Piccadilly, and I don’t want a train to look It is likely that driverless trains Washington are expected Waterloo & City lines, boosting like a hospital waiting room, will instead have on-board to open new tram circuits capacity and supporting the UK I want something that feels ‘captains’, like those on London’s this year, with the US capital’s population growth distinctively London.” undergoing something of – estimated to increase from TfL has said that combined network; and the trains that a streetcar revival in an today’s 8.4m to 10m by 2030. with signalling upgrades the run on the existing network attempt to free up traffic- The 250 new trains are to new fleet will boost capacity will remain conventionally clogged streets and drive be fully automated and air- by at least 25% on the Central driver-piloted. urban regeneration aims. conditioned, a first for the and Bakerloo lines, 50% on the In February LU was to place A further 12 cities are deep level sections of the Waterloo & City line and as a notice with the OJEU seeking also expected to take the Tube. LU Managing Director much as 60% on the Piccadilly interest to build the new trains, first steps in constructing Mike Brown is promoting a line, which serves all five with a formal Invitation to tram circuits. new look, desiring an echo of terminals at Heathrow Airport. Tender expected early in 2015. LRT expansion

Three joint ventures have been shortlisted for the construction and operation of the 12.6km (7.8-mile) tramline linking Circular Quay and Randwick in Sydney, Australia. The extension includes an extra 20 stops, and a planned three-minute headway in the CBD and major interchanges with , heavy rail and bus services. A new fleet of 45m LRVs will be required, as well as a stabling facility in Randwick and a maintenance depot in Rozelle. The shortlisted consortia are Serco/John Holland, Keolis/ Balfour Beatty/Macquarie, and /Alstom, with a final decision being made this summer and construction estimated to take five to six years to complete. More immediately, it is hoped to open the Dulwich Hill extension of the existing line by March 2014, with nine new light rail stops between Lilyfield and Dulwich Hill already completed, and a week of initial track testing reported to have gone well. The delivery of an additional ten trams is expected in the next 18 months. Sydney’s Inner West extension is to open imminently as the next phase in a major expansion of the network over the next decade. Transport NSW

146 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org International light rail First PESA Foxtrot revealed route given go-ahead Maastricht city council has Future face of Moskva’s tramway unveiled; metro investment continues granted planning permission for the city centre section of the proposed international LRT line to delegation from Moskva Hasselt in Belgium. The terminus (Moscow) transit will be outside the NS station and authority MosGorTrans the line will cross the river Maas and rolling stock on the Wilhelmina bridge. At Bospoort it joins the existing Abuilder Uraltransmash visited heavy rail line to Hasselt, to be the Polish city of Bydgoszcz for electrified as part of the project. the unveiling of the first of 120 The target date for passenger low-floor articulated trams service is 1 January 2018. for the Russian capital on 20 Bombardier’s Crossrail February. The type name Foxtrot success crucial for Derby has been chosen. Bombardier has won the contract The order was placed last June, to deliver and maintain 65 and the first four are on their way trainsets and a new depot at to the city in March where they Old Oak Common for London’s will be tested on . Crossrail project. The firstAventra The 26m three-section is to be delivered in 2017 ready for Foxtrot can accommodate 190 The first PESA Foxtrot on the factory test track in Bydgoszcz, Poland. MosGortrans the line’s opening in 2018. There is passengers (60 seated) and (2.2-mile) western section of line planned for September. an option for 18 further trains. Around 75% of the contract is designed to operate in a 8 from Park Pobedy to Delovoy was the first to go live, with testing is to be delivered in the UK with temperature range of -40°C to Tsentr opened on 31 January. starting in September 2013. construction having confirmed the +40°C, with air conditioning This section will join the rest of Last year viability of the Derby factory that for the summer. The line 8 in 2015, when the Delovoy awarded Maxima Telecom the has been under threat of cutbacks is 1524mm, and the maximum Tsentr to Novokuznetskaya installation contract, which if new work was not forthcoming. speed 75km/h (47mph). section is opened. A fleet of 104 is being privately funded with Parry gains grant transfer Alstom’s Citadis was similarly eight-car metro trains have been paid-for advertising designed to Ltd (UK) presented to the media on 25 ordered from Metrovagonmash/ recoup investment costs. has secured a transfer of the February, with a trip between Transholdleasing for line 8 in a Also, Siemens and Russian Technology Strategy Board grant and Schukinskaya. contract, including maintenance Machines Corporation have to enable work to resume on the Carrying fleet number 0201, the over 30 years, valued at agreed to invest EUR160m in a Class 139/2 railcar. It is intended demonstrator will be tested from RUB143.9bn (EUR2.89bn). joint venture employing up to to complete a test bed railcar, early April on route 6 alongside Meanwhile, deployment of 800 people; the new company already started by JPM Parry & the new PESA-built tram. free wi-fi across the network hopes to offer new metro trains Associates before that company was put into receivership last year. On the metro, the 3.5km is underway with completion built to a Siemens design.

Santiago to tender works, and reveals BRT plans Five consortia have been a public consultation on a The NTA expects to apply upgrades shortlisted to tender for EUR650m Dublin Bus Rapid to An Bord Pleanála (Ireland’s Dublin’s Luas Cross City main Transit (BRT) network. The Planning Board) for the Modernisation of the metro infrastructure works: BAM ‘Swiftway’ would use priority Swords/Airport to City Centre in the Chilean capital will be Dragados JV, Ferrovial Farrans lanes and is said to offer the scheme this year, and for the undertaken by Alstom, following JV, OHL JPC JV, Sisk Steconfer performance of a light rail other lines in 2015. the placing of a EUR220m JV, and Somague Wills JV. system, but at a third of the The agency believes the contract by operator Metro SA. A decision will be made in the cost. BRT services would Swords route would be almost Santiago’s Metro carries more last quarter of 2014 to allow connect existing bus, Luas and as fast as the shelved Metro than two million passengers each works to start in April 2015 for rail networks on three routes: North scheme, and that day, and is the second longest completion by the end of 2017. Blanchardstown – UCD, Swiftway vehicles could handle such network in Latin America The National Transport Swords/Airport – City Centre, 2400 to 3600 passengers in after Mexico City. Authority has also launched and Clongriffin – Tallaght. each direction per hour. The work is intended to add two decades to the lifespan of the 35 seven-car trains, now around 40 years old. As well as increasing Munich unveils Siemens C2 reliability and comfort, the revamp NEWS IN PICTURES The first six-car C2 U-Bahn train is expected to reduce energy from Siemens was unveiled to consumption by 30%. Work is to the media and public on be undertaken in the Neptuno 21 February. A further 20 depot, and include new traction examples will follow by 2015, equipment, static converters making a total of 126 new cars. for auxiliary equipment, a new The contract for the 21 communications system, doors, new trains, worth EUR185m, interiors and air-conditioning. was awarded to Siemens in November 2010; options are Alstom is also in charge also in place for a further 46 of technical assistance and trains to come online between maintenance for a period of ten 2016-20, which would increase years – and will supply a training investment on C2 rolling stock to simulator. Some 150 local jobs EUR555m. Siemens are expected to be generated.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 147 News

New performance record for Docklands German and French networks London’s Docklands Light Railway (DLR) has achieved the highest scores for punctuality partner up to save costs and performance in its 26-year history; 99.67% of its trains ran on time between 5 January to 1 February 2014, and it also A sign of the future? Significant savings to be realised for joint tram orders operated 99.77% of its scheduled services. The figures are ermany’s Kölner comprised of the departure score Verkehrs-Betriebe (how many trains ran), and the reliability score (how many of (Köln/Cologne) those trains ran on time). and Rheinbahn (Düsseldorf)G have issued a Kayseri tramway joint tender for 66 high-floor stretches eastwards cars, with an option The tramline in central for a further 12 that would have Anatolia, Turkey, was extended the capability to operate under eastwards by 9.5km (six miles) from Dogu Terminali to Ildem 5 both BOStrab (tramway) and EBO on 1 February. The 4km (railway) regulations. (2.5-mile) branch from Some 46 cars are required Erciyesevler to the University for the Rheinbahn and 20 for opened on 14 February. KVB, and the 12 with tram-train capability would be shared. A coupled set of Düsseldorf Stadtbahn-B cars on the interurban tramway to The double-ended cars will be Duisburg. The 1981 cars of this type will be replaced under the new order. D. Siegele 28m long and 2.65m wide, with FirstGroup 22m minimum curve radius The Rheinbahn cars will replace tramlines. The first step is a joint capability. A maximum speed remaining GT8SU stock and the tender for 50 trams, 18 for Amiens suggests NGT of 80km/h (50mph) is specified, 12 steel-bodied Stadtbahn-B cars. and 32 for Caen. It is hoped to with up to four cars able to KVB will replace its remaining achieve savings of 12-15%. alternative operate in multiple. The KVB cars first seriesStadtbahn-B cars. Amiens is building a new will have one driving position, In a similar move, the French 10.5km (6.5-mile) north-south The public inquiry into the UK’s the Rheinbahn cars two. cities of Amiens and Caen have tramline, while Caen is Leeds New Generation Transport Delivery of prototypes should signed a convention on joint replacing its 15.7km (9.8-mile) (NGT) is to start on 29 begin in 2017, with the remainder activities for the construction rubber-tyred TVR tramway with April. West Yorkshire ITA Metro coming at two-week intervals. and equipment of their new a conventional tramline. and Leeds City Council published a ‘Statement of Case’ and updated ‘Business Case Review’ on 30 January, accompanied by around 450 supporting documents. Cardiff’s first steps towards a metro Statements of Case have also Work on the Cardiff metro October 2013, with GBP65m would be a Business and been submitted by objectors to project (UK) has seen its (EUR78m) earmarked for Enterprise Board set up for the the scheme. first tentative steps with the first phase, promising SE Wales City region, which However, FirstGroup, the GBP18m (EUR22m) worth “potentially transformational” would include responsibility principal bus operator in West of improvements planned improvements to bus and for overseeing the new metro. Yorkshire, has proposed a ‘New to transport links between rail links for the region. Funding is to be sought from Bus for Leeds’ modelled on Cardiff Bay and the city centre. The network has an aimed the Welsh and UK Governments London’s new double-deckers as a These works are set to begin completion date of 2030, at a and the European Regional lower-cost alternative. FirstGroup before 2020, and take up to total cost of GBP4bn (EUR5bn). Development Fund. claims it could fund and introduce three years to complete. Edwina Hart, Business and l For more detail on the South up to 200 such buses and an Plans for a South Wales Transport Minister, announced Wales Metro proposal, see Oyster-style smartcard to speed metro were first announced in in November 2013 that there TAUT 904. up public transport over a wider area, provided investment comes from Metro and the City Council in highway improvements. Lisboa markets city with new ‘tram’ font First’s Regional Managing NEWS IN PICTURES Director, Dave Alexander, The Portuguese capital Lisboa (Lisbon) said: “A common objective has come up with a campaign to market the city by using tram overhead wiring to between First, the Council, create a new font called LX Type. and Metro is for Leeds to have a Each letter and number are formed by radical improvement in public a pattern based on overhead wire layouts transport that enhances its image against the sky, and each are linked to a and boosts its status. We are specific tourist attraction (for example concerned that the trolleybus ‘M’ is Mosteiro dos Jerónimos). scheme will not achieve this. T-shirts and other souvenirs are being “On the other hand, the produced as part of the campaign, devised by advertising agency Leo Burnett. ‘New Bus for Leeds’, combined The font can be downloaded free from with other measures, will bring the website en.lxtype.pt radical improvements to far more passengers, in a much shorter A sunset scene with Lisboa tram time and with huge savings to overhead silhouetted against the sky and the public purse compared with the LX typeface. LX Type the trolleybus proposals.”

148 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Advertorial VELOSTRAIL: AN END TO THE OPEN FLANGEWAY PROBLEM STRAIL explains its innovative VeloSTRAIL: Now installed in the UK The UK now has its first veloSTRAIL solution for safely and crossing, installed appropriately at Aiskew cost-effectively closing the on the , just off the A1(M) trunk road near Leeming Bar Services. flangeway gap on street track. With low speeds and light traffic, there was no need for regular panel removal to maintain the track. As such, the installation n the 1970s, Kraiburg rubber was is similar to that for an on-street tramway, in the tyre retreading business, and giving a cost reduction through usage of only generating a growing volume of the (1.2m) 4ft panels, and bringing the road cured rubber waste ground off during surfaces up to the outer edges of the rails. the process. The 41.4m crossing at a 15° skew was IAlready realising the potential for the installed, with inserts, in just four hours. use of this material in a variety of products Preparation for a VeloSTRAIL installation at Aiskew – in agricultural and other industries – VeloSTRAIL: Retrofitting to ensure a robust and low maintenance crossing, with Kraiburg saw a significant market in the It has also been possible to retrofit well-supported Tarmac at the thresholds. rail industry, to provide rubber panels for veloSTRAIL to existing on-street systems, level crossings. where a particular location has proved The product range has since grown to problematic for cycle users and others include STRAIL, the rail level crossings affected by the flangeway gap. range, and STRAILastic for insulation and Whether the track construction systems vibration management. This is mainly for used to date in the UK can be adapted in the embedded rails employed for on-street same way as in Geneva remains to be seen, tramways, and also grassed track. and this may be a candidate for an European Kraiburg’s rubber moulding experience, Institute of Innovation and Technology (EiT) using heat and pressure, produces stable, grant for innovative solutions. precisely moulded, durable units. Come A further benefit of veloSTRAIL is that renewal time, they can also be fully recycled. it keeps grit and other road contamination out of the flangeway, reducing the issues The history of VeloSTRAIL that can arise when this builds up. This is a unique product with the potential The smooth detail at the road-rail interface, similar for widespread use in solving a problem for Other STRAIL products to an on-street tram installation, due to the low many on-street embedded rail systems. Elsewhere, there is the ability to rapidly maintenance required for light rail track use. Originally installed on the Salzburger install panels for underrun protection Lokalbahn in 2006, this type of level (pedeSTRAIL) and track access for road-rail crossing employs a replaceable insert plant (TAPSTRAIL) without the requirement which compresses under a rail wheel flange for precise sleeper spacing but presents a near-flat, gap-free running Next month, we’ll look at the alternative surface for the tyres and wheels of cycles, to factory encapsulation of rails and the in-line skates, wheelchairs, and scooters. STRAILastic_W system, which offers easy Clear evidence of the durability of stripping back for welded repairs and this product is that those original 2006 enhanced vertical compliance. installations retain the original inserts, notwithstanding light rail vehicles running over them at speeds up to 80km/h (50mph). A more challenging location is the Kattwyck lifting bridge in Hamburg, Germany. Here is an installation effectively For more details visit www.strail.com – Contact: Salzburg: The rail wheel compresses the insert as equivalent to a tramline, with heavy road +44 (0)1483 222090 or [email protected] vehicles cross, with many administrations approving traffic running along the same alignment crossing speeds of up to 80km/h (50mph). as the rails, which merge with the road surface as both line up to cross the main channel on a span of 290m, which is raised up by 46m to let ships pass underneath. Prior to the installation of veloSTRAIL over a transition zone at each end of the bridge, it was a no-go zone for bikes and motorcycles. Now, they cross daily with the 3000 trucks, 7000 other motor vehicles and around 40 freight trains. This adds up to roughly seven million axles a year. This intensive use, with the variation in axle loadings and wheel profiles, plus tangential and longitudinal road tyre loadings, clearly demonstrates that The infilled flangeway delivers a near-flat running veloSTRAIL has delivered the solution to Hamburg's Kattwyck Bridge: two cyclists per month surface, ensuring that the tyre contact bridges the rail the flangeway problem. suffered injury falls prior to VeloSTRAIL installation. head and keeps the flangeway free of debris.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 149 News focus ‘THE MENA REGION IS ONE OF THE MOST PROMISING FOR THE INDUSTRY’

Gian-Luca Erbacci, Senior Vice President of Alstom Transport Middle-East & Africa, discusses the major light rail and metro growth in the region – and how the future looks even stronger.

The North African market counts a population of around six million all the know-how and resources needed to Q has grown substantially over with an expected increase by 2030 to more implement turnkey solutions. the past decade, and the Middle than eight million; this city decided to The 10km system is currently under testing East is now embarking on LRT build six metro lines, the largest metro and is scheduled to be in commercial service developments on a massive scale; project ever launched. The network will be by the end of 2014. what do you think are the key 170km long and will include 87 stations. There are further opportunities in the reasons for this – and why now? Alstom will provide a complete automatic region that include (phase 2 and 3), Urbanisation. This phenomenon is and driverless metro system to equip three Lusail (Qatar), or Abu Dhabi (tramway lines A global of course, but it is even more of the six lines, and the network is scheduled 1 and 2). significant in fast emerging countries. to open in 2018. Rapid urbanisation increases the need for Tramways are also booming in MENA. How big a cultural shift is the mobility and for a system that reduces traffic For example, in Algeria 12 tramway projects Q move towards public transport congestion, enhances economic dynamism, have been launched in the past five years in the MENA region? and improves inhabitants’ quality of life. and all have been awarded to Alstom. Today people spend a lot of time in their It is thus no surprise that in the MENA Among them, three are already in service – A cars stuck in traffic, commuting from (Middle East & North Africa) region that so Algiers, , Constantine – and three have their home to work, giving their kids a ride to many new systems have been launched in just been awarded – , school, going shopping, etc. A public the last decade and that more are underway. and . Expansion projects of the existing transportation system eases congestion, In terms of metros, MENA represents about three are are set to be launched soon. improves air quality, shortens commuting 10% of the global market and will grow by In Morocco, two tramway lines have been time, and reduces nuisance related to noise 10% per year over the next three years. awarded to Alstom (, ) and (for example, tram vs traffic: 5dB below the The in Egypt was the first in 1987 new projects are scheduled with expansion level generated by automobile traffic, or (around nine million inhabitants), and more in phase 2 as well as Marrakech and Fez. nearly four times less noise). recently Algeria launched a metro system for In the Middle East, the authorities of In UAE for example, Dubai, with over two its capital city, Algiers (nearly four million Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, and Qatar million inhabitants, which is now equipped inhabitants). In the Middle East, there are have also invested in tramway projects. with a metro is greatly benefiting from it. several metro projects in cities including For example, the city of Dubai (UAE) has In Egypt, the Cairo Metro has been the most Riyadh, Mekkah and Jeddah in Saudi Arabia, launched the first tramway system in the widely used means of transport worldwide Abu Dhabi in UAE, Kuwait, Doha in Qatar, Gulf region; this is also the first fully by far for more than 30 years. We have and Baghdad in Iraq. catenary-free in the world. Alstom has been supplied the city with the metro cars as The city of Riyadh for example currently awarded the turnkey contract as it possesses well as signalling and the modernisation.

150 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org ALSTOM’S KEY CONTRACTS

In the past five years, Alstom has been awarded major urban rail projects, some of them associated with maintenance service. These include:

Algeria: Trams for Algiers, Oran and Constantine Algiers (2006): 41 Citadis tramsets, infrastructure, signalling and telecomms Oran (2008): 30 Citadis tramsets, signalling, telecommunications, depot equipment and substations Constantine (2007): 27 Citadis tramsets and infrastructure (electrification, power supply, tracklaying, signalling, ticketing, telecommunications and maintenance equipment) Sidi Bel Abbes (2013): 30 Citadis tramsets Ouargla (2013): Tramway system project Mostaganem (2013): Tramway system project Marking its first tram contract Egypt: Cairo metro in Algeria, Alstom supplied (2007): Refurbishment of 52 41 Citadis tramsets to Algiers metrosets, infrastructure, signalling and in 2006 – it now has contracts telecommunications across the country and a new Line 2: Signalling and telecommunications assembly facility in the country. (2007): Signalling and telecommunications (Urbalis, points machines The Casa Tramway has proved and station system equipment), plus supply of a great success, with Alstom electromechanical systems supplying low-floor trams as well Morocco: Tramways for Rabat and as signalling, télécommunications Casablanca and électrification. Expansion is Rabat (2007): 40 + 15 Citadis tramsets + already underway. maintenance Casablanca: 74 Citadis tramsets (2009), The is the largest Signalling, telecommunications and such project in the world and has electrification (2010) a tight timescale of just five years Tunisia: tramway – 55 Citadis tramsets to construct 170km of métro for (39 ordered in 2004 and subsequent options), the desert city. plus maintenance of the entire fleet Turkey (2007): 20 metrosets + 37 Citadis How important is this region for What specific challenges are tramsets Q the rail industry? Q there to developing light rail and UAE: Dubai tramway: 11 Citadis tramsets , plus APS surface power supply, tracklaying, Urbalis The MENA region is one of the most metro solutions in the region – i.e. A signalling, communications and maintenance promising for the industry climate, culture, economics? (2012) in the next five to ten years. For example, Our customers (the transit operators) Saudi Arabia: Riyadh Metro (2013): 69 in Morocco, the urban population has A and civil work companies that work with metrosets, Urbalis signalling, communications grown at 60% against 26% in 1950. them are very competent and have good skills. and infrastructure (Appitrack tracklaying + We are well present in the region, with From the pre-tender to project execution HESOP) headquarters in and several phases, our priority is to partner with our Iraq (2013): Baghdad elevated metro system, engineering, manufacturing, and assembling clients to find the best and most adequate for which Alstom has undertaken detailed sites in the region, including Algeria, UAE, transport system that fits their needs. design studies for the first phase. Morocco, Turkey and Egypt. We have an international culture, which involves not only speaking the same What approaches are you taking language, but also feeling and understanding Q to doing business in the region? local transport needs – which differ from one ABOUT THE AUTHOR Our strategy is to be close to our customers country to another. In terms of climate, we A while developing our industrial footprint know well how to adapt a transport system Gian-Luca Erbacci and our partnerships. We want to be more and to the conditions. For example, the tram has been Senior Vice more local. We tend to develop local for Dubai is the first to be tropicalised and President of Alstom competencies in project management and adapted to the extreme weather conditions of Transport Middle East technical skills, calling on a lower number of the Gulf, including temperatures above and Africa since 2013. Prior to this he covered expatriates. That’s key for the success of our 50° C, high levels of humidity and sand. the Southern , projects and the motivation of our people. Middle East Europe and We create JVs when there are opportunities. With pockets of political North Africa regions; For example, we have launched a Joint Q instability in the region, while before 2009 he Venture in Morocco called Cabliance to does this affect your approach to was Vice President of the supply trains with low-voltage electrical evaluating or implementation of Train Life Services unit. wiring, harnesses and boxes. In Algeria, new projects? From 2005, Gian-Luca worked with Italian we created CITAL’s JV for the maintenance Alstom is a multi-national company rail operator Trenitalia, in charge of the technical operations. and assembly of trams, which aims to address A and does not enter into political debates. In 1999, Gian-Luca joined Alstom (previously local needs and to reinforce our industrial We respect the governments and public Fiat Ferroviaria) as Industrial Director and has and economic cooperation with Algeria. authorities that we are partnering with, and held positions in charge of bogies, LRVs, and Other partnerships may soon arise in the just want to offer the best service we can. later on the Rolling Stock Engineering unit. Middle East; consortia for specific projects He holds a Mechanical Engineering degree. are also common in this market. All images courtesy of Alstom.

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org APRIL 2014 / 151 Algeria BLACK GOLD PAYS FOR ALGERIAN LRT DEVELOPMENT Africa’s largest country has embarked Algiers Béjaïa Mostaganem Constantine on an ambitious metro and tramway Oran Blida Sétif Batna KEY development plan, with four systems in Sidi Bel Abbès Tébessa LRT systems open Biskra operation since 2011 and a further 14 due in Tlemcen Djelfa Algiers: Metro/tramway the next decade – TAUT gives an overview Oran: Tramway Constantine: Tramway of Algeria’s light rail progress to date. Tramways under Béchar Ouargla construction Sidi Bel Abbès ince the Sudan split in two in 2011, Mostaganem Algeria has become the largest Sétif country by area in Africa (although Tramways to start not by population, sitting in construction in 2014 eighth, with less than 25% of that Ouargla ofS Nigeria) and has an economy based upon Batna vast oil and gas reserves that have driven ALGERIA Tramway feasiblity comprehensive programmes of infrastructure studies investment since the turn of the century. Tlemcen The country remains dominated by Béchar the state, a legacy of its socialist post- faces a number of Béjaïa independence development model, and of short- and Biskra around 66% of the 38 million population medium-term Skikda live in urbanised areas with some 90% living problems including Blida and working along the northern coastal improving the business Djelfa region. Unemployment remains high as climate and reducing Tébessa manufacturing and agricultural sectors congestion in its major cities. have declined as the economy has focused Against a background of continued highway on the oil, gas, and petrochemical sectors development – Algeria’s road networks are the and industrialisation since the 1960s. most dense on the continent – the transport metro for the capital, Algiers, and tramway Attempts to attract private sector involvement ministry has also embarked on major urban projects in no less than 14 major cities under and diversify outside a the energy sector have transit projects using its hydrocarbon the remit of the state-owned Entreprise Metro seen limited success, and the government revenues, including the development of a d’Alger (EMA), established in 1984.

Urban rail to serve the capital The first scheme to open was the in October 2011 – the second metro project in Africa after the Egyptian capital, Cairo. Following a troubled history of stop-start construction dating back three decades due to financial and security issues, the first 9.2km (5.7-mile) phase serves a city population of over three million and covers six communes: Bachdjarah, , , El Hamma, Sidi M’Hamed and . It links the Haï el Badr terminus in the southeast, the system’s only ground level station, to Tafourah Grande Poste in the centre with an alignment largely following the coastline. The first tunnels were excavated by Algerian firms – encountering geological difficulties and archaeological discoveries along the way. However, the decision was taken early in the 21st Century to speed up the process, and in January 2006 the project was relaunched with a EUR380m turnkey contract for completion of civil works, The city of Constantine, about 80km inland from the Mediterranean coast, now has a modern tramway that electrical and mechanical systems and fitting runs on-street in the city with a long segregated southern section that could soon reach the airport and satellite out awarded to a Siemens-led consortium town of Ali Mendjeli. D. Spencer/PMP that included CAF and Vinci Grand Projets.

152 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Algeria’s second city, Oran, opened an 18.7km tramline in May 2013; a short extension to the city’s airport is planned. D. Spencer/PMP

While Vinci was responsible for the saw its first 7.2km (4.5-mile), 13-stop section Two more tramways open main construction duties, including the between Bordj El Kiffan and the Zerhouni Algeria’s second city, Oran, opened its line’s ten stations and the Bachdjerah Mokhtar neighbourhood in Bab Ezzouar east tramline in May 2013. Known as the nation’s depot and maintenance facility in the of the city inaugurated on 8 May 2011. seaside playground, with a high percentage northern suburbs of the city, Siemens has In 2012 this line was extended 9.1km of affluent residents due to the city’s strong supplied its Trainguard MT CBTC system to (5.6 miles) westwards to reach the multi- commercial and educational focus as well allow automated operation – a first for the modal station Fusillés, outside the city centre, as it being a major export port, Oran is an continent – and fare collection systems, and providing a connection with the metro, cable important trading centre and as such features equipped the operations control centre at El car, and lines of urban transport by bus to Les new conference and congress centres, Anasser. CAF has supplied 14 six-car 108m Annassers. The system now has 28 stops, with necessitating the need for high quality hotels. air-conditioned trains, 2.83m wide and priority signalling at junctions to allow for The 18.7km (11.6-mile) line runs east-west capable of carrying 1290 passengers with a shorter headways. from Sidi Marouf, running through the city maximum speed of 70km/h (43.5mph). Alstom has supplied 41 air-conditioned to cover the university district and eventually The system runs 05.00-11.00 each day, Citadis 302 low-floor trams (deliveries began reaching Es Sénia in the south. There are with 99.8% punctuality according to the in 2008), each 40m long with capacity for depots at both ends of the line, served by latest figures, and is operated and maintained 350 passengers and passenger information short branches from the running line, by RATP subsidiary RATP El Djazair, in both Arabic and French. The firm is and in total there are 32 stops. following the firm’s assistance in the pre- now three years into a ten-year contract to Construction was formally launched in operational phase of the system’s development. maintain both the vehicles and the line’s December 2008 by the Tramnour consortium EMA is currently developing a 4km electrical and mechanical equipment, of Alstom and Isolux Corsán, which was (2.5-mile) extension of line 1 from Haï el with vehicle storage and maintenance at a awarded a EUR255m turnkey contract by Badr to -Centre, and in October dedicated 42 000m2 facility just beyond the Metro d’Alger in November 2007. 2012 awarded a consortium of Colas Rail and Bordj El-Mokhtar Kiffan stop. Isolux was responsible for civil Algeria-based KOU.G.C a EUR85m contract, The ACS-supplied ticketing system is based engineering, track and electrification work, based upon a 23-month schedule of works. on an open central platform with ability including two major new structures, a Two further routes are planned to eventually for multi-modal integration that is yet to be 358m underpass to allow trams to pass from create a three-line network by 2020. realised. Ticket validation machines onboard Hammou Mukhtar to Dar el Beïda and a 259m For future operations and maintenance the trams are able to read the magnetic- viaduct at the intersection of 3rd Avenue. of light rail systems, a special purpose stripe tickets used on the buses, but teams of Alstom’s EUR148m contract share included vehicle, Société d’Exploitation des Tramways onboard staff are still employed. signalling and telecoms, depot equipment, (SETRAM), was set up by EMA, Etablissement A further 7km (4.3-mile) eastward substations, and the supply of 30 Citadis 302 Public de Transport Urbain et Suburbain extension to Dergana began testing in trams, each 43.9m long with a passenger d’Alger (ETUSA), and RATP Dev in May 2012. January 2014, taking the line to 23km capacity of 325, assembled at its facility in EMA and ETUSA together hold a 51% stake, (14.3 miles). The first phase of this, . Ridership is expected to reach while RATP Dev holds the remaining 49%. Bordj El Kiffan to Kahouat, will open on 90 000 passengers per day. The first new tramway that came under 16 April, with the remainder in July. A number of extensions are proposed for the SETRAM remit (replacing Keolis who Average daily ridership is 150 000 the , covering a short link withdrew from an operating contract) was passengers, expected to increase to 185 000 south from Es Sénia to the city’s airport and the country’s first tramline in Algiers, which when all three sections are open. an extension east to the Belgaid area.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 153 Algeria

Tenders for both were launched at the end of “In August 2012, investment population around 150 000. A popular 2013. A proposed further 16.5km (10.3 miles) tourist destination due to its souq markets, from USTO to Bir El Djir would add a further of over USD6bn was the city has undergone major renovation 28 stations to the tram network. in recent years, accompanied by significant Moving 650km (400 miles) east, the city committed to equip 14 congestion. of Constantine inaugurated its first tramline A feasibility study conducted by Egis just two months after Oran on 4 July, with cities across the country Rail and Systra recommended a 23-stop timetabled services beginning the following east-west tramway, and in 2013 a EUR228m day. The city, famed for its biblical references with tramway systems.” contract for the first 12.6km (7.8-mile) and deep ravines that intersect the central line was awarded to a Spanish consortium areas, boasts arguably the greatest civil generators, the Djillali Liabes University, of Rover Alcisa, Elecnor, and Assignia engineering input for light rail in Algeria. named after one of nation’s most famous Infraestructuras for trackwork and stop Running 8.1km (five miles) north-south academics. The loop will also serve the construction, electrification, signalling and from Benabdelmalek in the historic quarter, city’s new station, built as part of the state- communications, five substations and a the line includes ten stops – three of which sponsored 1200km High Plateau east-west depot with space for 24 trams. Alstom is to are intermodal interchanges – passing the mainline railway project. supply catenary installation and a fleet of city’s 20 000-seater football stadium, the Yapi Merkezi has mobilised a team of 24 Citadis 402 trams. Stade ben Abdelmalek, before circling around around 2700 workers for the project, with a The chosen route runs from Nasr in the the large Mosque Emir Abdelkader. construction period estimated at 38 months. eastern suburbs, passing through the old Subsequently running south largely The inverted Y-shaped network of two Ksar boulevards, November 1, and the parallel to the N79 highway, the tramway lines for the city of Mostaganem, population République, including a 2.4km (1.5-mile) moves into segregated off-street running, around 150 000, began construction in single-track city loop around d’el Ksar – passing the city’s two main university January with a 40-month construction including five key intermodal interchanges campuses on its way to Zouaghi, site of the schedule under a consortium of Isolux and two park-and-ride sites on the city’s system’s depot and maintenance facility. Corsán (72%) and Alstom (28%), awarded a outskirts. A depot and control centre site built The line involved the construction of two EUR250m contract in 2013. to the west of the city is planned to cover viaducts, stretching 465m and 114m, with The main 12.2km (7.6-mile) north-south 10ha, featuring environmentally-friendly one passing over the slope of the Rhummel section from Salamandre – Kharouba construction and solar power to harness the river, an underpass for urban traffic with an includes 20 stops, making it possible to region’s desert climate. open cutting at the Emir Abdelkader Mosque. transport 3300 passengers/hour in both Trams are to run every four minutes at peak Ridership is predicted to be 70 000 passenger directions during peak hours. The shorter hours, with an end-to-end running time of per day, with services from 05.00 to 23.00. 2km (1.2-mile) section that connects the 37 minutes when the first trams enter service A consortium of Alstom and Pizzarotti main SNTF (Société Nationale des Transports in 2016, catering for 5000 passengers/hour. won the turnkey contract to deliver the Ferroviaires) station, includes a further four The on-street route will necessitate line, with construction beginning in 2008. stops along a key artery to accommodate significant remodelling of the urban Pizzarotti took responsibility for major civil 5000 passengers/hour during the peak. environment, introducing cycle lanes and engineering works with Alstom completing The project includes six multimodal wider pavements. tracklaying, electromechanical works, interchanges, ten park-and-ride sites, a 12ha Following detailed designs produced by signalling, telecommunications and depot maintenance and storage facility and three Korean consultancy Dohwa (also involved equipment, as well as delivering 27 Citadis underpasses – respectively measuring 460m, in the Oran tramway), tenders have been 302 trams. 358m, and 130m in length – and a 177m-long received for construction of a 21.8km Two extensions are planned: an viaduct to integrate the LRT system into the (13.5-mile) tramway in , with a approximately 3km (1.9-mile) continuation fabric of the city. decision due imminently. Bids have come south past the National Metreological Centre On 30 October 2013, EMA announced the from leading European rail suppliers, as well to Mohamed Boudiaf International Airport, award of a EUR380m contract to construct as domestic and Asian consortia, with prices and then onto the satellite town of a two-line tramway in the city of eastern ranging from DZD38.1bn (EUR356.5m) to Ali Mendjeli to help drive development highland city Setif, population 240 000, to a DZD49bn (EUR458m) and construction of the southern suburbs. consortium of Alstom and Yapı Merkezi. estimates ranging from 31 to 39 months. The two lines cover a 15.5km (9.6-mile) This north-eastern coastal city is USD6bn to equip 14 more cities section that links developing neighbourhoods experiencing some of the nation’s most In August 2012, EMA and the Algerian in the east, and a 7.2km (4.5-mile) route that promising growth as a leading industrial and transport ministry announced investment runs south to Ain Trick. In total, 45 stops commercial centre; it has a population of of USD6bn to equip 14 cities across the are planned with five park-and-ride sites, around 265 000, making it the fourth largest country with tramway systems. and the project is to create 1200 jobs during city in Algeria. Probably the most advanced tramway the construction phase and 750 permanent Running largely on a coastal alignment project is that in Sidi Bel Abbes, 75km positions once operational in 2017. starting from Kouba in the north and (45 miles) south of Oran, with a population of Moving inland and on the edge of the running via the central SNTF station and port almost 600 000. Sahara Desert sits the city of Ouargla, to El Bouni, an inland loop takes the line via Construction is already underway by Badji Mokhtar University and the planned Turkish construction giant Yapi Merkezi, in a maintenance and control centre at Bidari on contract worth EUR420m. Ground-breaking ALGERIAN TRAMS the western side of the loop. Thirty-four stops took place on 22 June 2013 on the 13.8km are planned, including five park-and-ride To serve the needs of the Algerian and wider (8.6-mile) line, with 21 stops covering an sites. End-to-end journey times of 40 minutes MENA market for trams, 2011 saw the formation average distance of between 400m and of CITAL. A joint venture between domestic are anticipated, with a frequency of three 1370m, four interchanges, four park-and-ride rail manufacturer Ferrovial (41%), EMA (10%), minutes during peak hours, carrying 16 000 sites, and a depot and maintenance facility in Alstom Transport France (43%) and Alstom passengers/hour/direction. the south of the city. Algérie (6%), CITAL has built a 50 000m2 plant Following a SYSTRA design contract, A fleet of 30 AlstomCitadis 302 trams, to be in Annaba. bidding for construction contracts in built at CITAL’s new facility in Annaba (see The facility includes a rolling stock Batna are expected in April with tramway panel), are on order, with the line scheduled manufacturing and storage facility and a construction in Algeria’s fifth largest city due to open in 2016. The target speed for dedicated 800m test track, and has created to begin later in 2014. around 400 local jobs, importing LRT expertise commercial service is 19km/h (12mph). from Alstom’s European production sites. Situated in a natural break in the Atlas This line will connect the southern, The first tram is due to roll off the Annaba mountains, Batna is not an ancient city, western and northern suburbs with the city production line in April 2014, with a capacity for with a population of less than 10 000 at the centre, the north-western section forms a five new trams per month. start of the 20th Century. Following rapid loop that serves one of the city’s key traffic industrialisation in the 1950s, ’60s and ’70s,

154 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org the population now numbers 300 000, Algier’s finally realised a more than 30-year ambition with theopening of its first metro line in 2011; two bringing congestion and a growth in more are planned in the creation of a multi-modal link that also includes an Alstom-supplied low-floor emissions to an otherwise spacious and tramway. Courtesy of Magharaebia, D. Spencer/PMP Archive diverse city. The proposed 15km (9.3-mile) line starts in the Bouzourane neighbourhood in the east of the city, running through the centre south-west before continuing to the growing urban centre of Hamla, with 25 stops and an average spacing of 650m. A maintenance and operations centre will cover seven hectares and cater for 30 45m Alstom Citadis trams. Each tram will have capacity for 300 passengers, and the system’s expected ridership is 5000 passengers/hour.

Further planned systems Feasibility studies for a further eight systems are underway in the cities of Tlemcen, Béchar, Béjaïa, Biskra, Skikda, Blida and Djelfa. Details are scarce on most of these projects with detailed designs still to be presented in most cases, but one that has been recently presented is a plan for a 13km (eight-mile) line with 20 stops in the city of Tébessa, 20km (12.4 miles) from the Tunisian border. Egis Rail’s study was presented in February, with a decision to proceed expected in April on the plan to connect Hammamet in the west and central Tébessa via the university. Although it has Africa’s third largest oil infrastructure planning, the volume of A second phase proposes links to the two new reserves, the second-largest natural gas public investment in Algeria exceeded urban centres of Dukan and Boulhaf Dyr. reserves on the continent, and is in the top two-fold that of its neighbours over the Whether the ambitious hydrocarbon- ten nations globally for shale gas reserves, past five years and shows little signs fuelled light rail development in Algeria Algerian households face tough challenges of slowing as the nation pushes for can be realised during the timescales set by as social conditions fall and unemployment diversification and growth. the government remains to be seen. rates remain high – over 21.5% amongst the Although political stability is returning to 15-24 population according to official figures. TAUT would like to thank Dave Spencer of the region, Algeria is vulnerable to a decline Plus, while Algeria’s neighbours of PMP Transport Archive for providing images in oil prices, placing additional pressure on Morocco and Tunisia are faring better in and general background on Algerian transport its intensive infrastructure programmes. terms of economic growth and structured (www.pmpfilms.com)

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 155 Advertorial YAPI MERKEZİ: A WORLD BRAND IN RAIL SYSTEMS Since its foundation in 1965, Yapı Merkezi's mission has been “to create and to realise construction projects that will serve humanity by creating happy environments”. Beginning in the 1980s, our activities have shifted towards large-scale general contracting works, especially the design and construction of metro and tramway projects. Yapı Merkezi has been included in the Top 225 International Contractors List published annually by Engineering News Record since 1995. In the Mass Transit/Light Rail category Yapı Merkezi was ranked the fourth largest in the world in 1998, third largest in 1999 and seventh largest in 2000. With 1550km of railways and 300 stations across 37 projects, Yapı Merkezi provides safe transport for more than two million passengers each day on three continents.

Yapı Merkezi in North Africa and installation of workshop equipment, The project is being undertaken by a electrification and catenary systems, the consortium consisting of Yapı Merkezi Caroubier workshop and depot: Algeria construction of access roads and parking (consortium leader with 87% share) and The Yapı Merkezi-Infrarail SpA consortium areas and landscaping of the entire complex. Infrarail SpA (13% contract share ). The project was awarded the turnkey Caroubier Workshop is expected to be completed in July 2015. and Parking Area contract by the Algerian Bir Touta – Zeralda double-track National Railway Operator SNTF (Société railway line: Algeria : Morocco Nationale des Transports Ferroviaires). This project is located 25km (15.5 miles) The Casa Tramway consists of 31km (19.3 miles) The goal was to replace the existing freight south-west of the Algerian capital, Algiers, of double-track tramline with 48 stops. train workshop in the Algerian capital and and consists of a new 20km (12.4-mile) The capacity of the transportation system is build a new maintenance and depot area for double-track railway line with a 140km/h about 250 000 passengers/day. It’s the biggest the fleet of 64 new suburban trains. (87mph) design speed. Once completed, urban rail system in North Africa, the second Yapı Merkezi acted as the leader of the it will serve as the railway link between the tramway in Morocco after Rabat and the first consortium in partnership with the Algerian city centre and the Zeralda district. tramline in Casablanca. company Infrarail SpA, a subsidiary of the Along the alignment there are four railway After its inauguration in December 2012 SNTF specialised in railway construction. viaducts, five railway bridges, six highway the tramway has contributed massively to The project was completed in April 2011, bridges, one 343m cut-and-cover tunnel, address the lack of urban mass transport within 27 months. one 261m cut-and-cover structure, 540m in Casablanca, and has also generated an The scope of the project consisted of of retaining walls and five new stations. equilibrium between the different quarters of dismantling 13km (eight miles) of existing The region's hilly geography requires the city by opening up the suburan areas and track, laying a total of 10km (6.2 miles) approximately 10 million of earthworks bringing them closer to the city centre. of new track, infrastructure works and and 27 500m2 of new heavy construction This project is also leading Casablanca into construction of the new workshop and other structures like bridges and viaducts. a new phase of urban regeneration through technical and administrative buildings Electrification, signaling (ERTMS Level 1), the completed works, which include the (a 28 500m2 closed area). This included telecommunications and commissioning are rehabilitation of the existing pavements electromechanical installations, the supply also within the scope of the turnkey contract. with new borders, renewal of the city’s underground sewer network, installation of a new public lighting infrastructure and modern street furniture, the opening of five interchange stations to integrate with the other public transport modes and the planting of 4000 palms and shade trees. Within the remit of this project, Yapı Merkezi has completed 21km (13 miles) of double-track tramway, a 61 000m2 depot area, 6.5km (four miles) of single-line tramway at the depot and 12 stops. As the main contractor, Yapı Merkezi carried out the mobilisation works and successfully completed its phase of the works in less than two years – well ahead of the expected completion time. The project was completed within 26 months in total. The Casa Tramway project was “Highly Commended” by the judges in the Worldwide Project of the Year category at the 2012 Light Rail Awards – held in association with Tramways & Urban Transit.

Sidi Bel Abbès Tramway: Algeria This new light rail project in Sidi Bel Abbès is a tramway with a core portion in the northern part of the city (Inter-station Sidi Djilali / Benhamouda). It will connect the city from the new August 20 stop on the southern ring road Caroubier workshop and depot area – Algeria to the Cascade station located in the east,

156 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org YAPI MERKEZİ: A WORLD BRAND IN RAIL SYSTEMS

Sidi Bel Abbès Tramway Project – Algeria Bir Touta – Zeralada Raliway Project – Algeria

Sétif Tramway Project – Algeria Casa Tramway – Morocco

along the western ring road that encircles between stops of 700 m. The expected Through its network of specialised the city. This route will allow the service to completion date is October 2016. companies, Yapı Merkezi has completed serve major points of interest and significant numerous successful national and passenger generators such as the Institute of Sétif Tramway: Algeria international projects within the fields of Medical Sciences, the hospital, the southern Another new project for Yapı Merkezi in transportation, rail systems, tunnels, bus station, public gardens, the city’s core Algeria is the Sétif First Line Tramway bridges, viaducts, industrial and general downtown area, Sidi Yacine, Maternity, Project in the city of Sétif, located 220km service buildings, water collection and the North Bus Station, the future railway (approximately 170miles) south-east of the supply systems, restoration, strengthening station and the university campus. capital city. Construction of the project and repair works, and mass housing and In addition to the tramline, four has been awarded to a consortium of city planning. park-and-ride sites and four interchange Yapı Merkezi and Alstom Transport. Yapı Merkezi aims to continue its universal stations are planned. These intermodal The scheme consists of two sections: the contributions to the civil construction sector hubs are located at the South Bus Station, first will link the eastern neighborhoods by assuming and successfully executing the new railway station, the North Bus and university with El Bez; the second will important duties in construction projects Station and Bus Station East. The park-and- connect the crossroads of the Wilaya to both in Turkey and around the world. ride sites are located at the South Bus Station, Nova Bus Station and then on to Ain Trick. Yapı Merkezi is a company with the proud Maternity, Bus Station and North Station The lengths of the lines, without taking quality of being a trusted and admirable Road East. into account the terminal connections and “world brand”. There will also be a Maintenance Centre the depot total 22.2km (13.8 miles); 27 stops (CDM) and a Centralised Command Post will be created for the first section and ten (PCC) that will be located in the workshop. stops for the second section. REFERENCES The proposed tram system will feature There are a total of 15 substations on low-floor trams with a length between 40m the line, supplying a line voltage of 750V and 45m with a power supply of overhead dc. There are two depots, one on a plot of catenary lines. eight hectares and the other on a plot of two The entire line, including infrastructure hectares. There are four interchange stations and switche, is 17.9km (approximately and six park-and-ride sites along the line. 11miles). A total of 26 stops will be served The duration for this tramway project is www.ym.com.tr by the tramline with an average spacing 44 months.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 157 2014 tram orders OPPORTUNITIES CONTINUE AS NEW TRAM ORDERS RISE

158 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org With the number of trams on order on the up, Michael Taplin reports on how manufacturers around the world are bidding for bigger business.

t is 30 years since the first ‘low-floor’ tram was delivered to Genève (although ironically 26 of this type are currently being rebuilt to bring their floor height at the Ientrances from 450mm to what later became the norm for low floor, 350mm). Since then over 8200 low-floor trams have been ordered, while orders for high or middle floor cars have reached about 2100. The number of trams currently on order worldwide has gone up compared to a year ago, from around 2750 to over 3300, indicating that economic recovery is helping cities find the money to invest in their transport systems. The manufacturers’ bidding teams have been busy too, as the number of potential future orders has leapt from 435 to 1360.

TOP: The first two trams built by CNR Tangshan in China for the Turkish city of Samsun were delivered by air, to meet a contract deadline. Y. Ming

ABOVE: PESA is winning orders in eastern Europe, as shown by the first of its Swing trams to arrive in the Bulgarian capital, Sofia. A. Stoyanov

LEFT: Bombardier is still receiving strong orders for its proven Flexity Classic low-floor platform; a recent order for ten new trams for Mülheim was placed with an order value of around EUR27m. Bombardier

No new manufacturers have entered remains uncertain as decisions about subway the market, unless one takes into account and light rail ebb and flow. However the other the Lviv workshop Elektron with its one major players, Alstom, CAF and Siemens, prototype, and what appear to be ‘self-built’ have all seen their order books expand, cars for Addis Ababa, being put together in an whereas Bombardier’s has fallen back a little. Ethiopian railway workshop with Hungarian Alstom and CAF have benefited from a new technical assistance. It is not clear what arena for tramway development in South progress the Romanian company Astra is America, whilst Vossloh has been quietly making with the supposed order for Imperio winning orders, including one from that trams for Arad, with perhaps only a single continent. Spurs to this development are the prototype having been produced. FIFA World Cup in 2014 and the Olympic Games in in 2016. However, The big players it seems unlikely that many of the proposed Bombardier is still the manufacturer with the systems will actually be open for the former. largest number of orders on its books, though Alstom has been the winner in the rapid the future of one of its large Toronto orders expansion of the North African tramway

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 159 2014 tram orders

market, boosted by its decision to build a so far are relatively small. The only progress Russia’s, capital city, Moskva, local tram assembly plant in Algeria (see the AnsaldoBreda has made in the last year is a is now on its third manufacturer in a interview with Alstom’s Gian-Luca Erbacci Chinese joint venture. merry go-round of orders for the supply on page 150 for more detailed information On the export side, Chinese-built trams of low-floor trams, with PESA replacing on the manufacturer’s ambitions in the have reached the Asian part of Turkey – Bombardier, which in turn replaced Alstom. MENA region). Morocco looks set to follow will China’s tram builders follow their bus However, Alstom is having another crack the example of Algeria in choosing trams for counterparts and start bidding for (and at the market with a second demonstrator more and more cities. winning) European orders? The Samsun shipped to the city. More recently a similar decision has been cars cost EUR1.5m each, compared with A characteristic of the Russian market made to open a EUR15m assembly plant in EUR3.62m for a Siemens Avenio (München). is that apart from the capital and Sankt Brazil; it seems unlikely that this was justified Quick delivery times are one advantage the Peterburg, orders are likely to be small, as by the two orders so far on the books, so look Chinese seem to be able to offer, even if it the provincial systems have not yet felt the out for more news from that part of the world. means flying in the new stock. trickle-down benefit of investment cash from Two big unknowns are still the Hitherto-tramless European capitals the robust economy. World Bank funding is Chinese and Russian markets. The major have announced projects, with Skopje and being discussed. Other former Soviet states manufacturers have been busy signing Tiranë being the latest to plan new Balkan are not faring much better – the proposal for licensing agreements with their domestic tramways. Škoda could do with winning a new tramway in Astana, the new capital of Chinese counterparts, so as to be ready for some more orders as it completes the large Kazakhstan, has been abandoned as what seems likely to be a rapid expansion of batch of 15T ForCity cars for Praha (Prague), too optimistic, even for President tramways in one of the world’s faster-growing although it has recently been successful in Nursultan Nazarbayev. economies, although the orders materialising winning a large order for Konya in Turkey. Challenges to progress In the US the polarised political situation does not make progress easy for tramway promoters: every scheme is pounced on by those opposed to ‘big government’ and subsidised passenger transport, with political and legal challenges. Nevertheless the Obama administration has been steadfast in its support for new lines, and so far opponents have succeeded in slowing things down but not stopping them. The new manufacturers have to take a long view, and mostly live on small production runs. ’s intention to replace its entire LRV fleet with 260 new cars must mean much sharpening of pencils in the bid teams and a tough contest is expected between Bombardier, Siemens, and Kinkisharyo – already very strong in the US market – with possible interest from one or two other big players. The Middle East is another region with significant potential for the LRV salesmen. The Gulf States seem to be able to invest large sums in expensive metro and tramway

“The Obama Government has been steadfast in its support for new lines, and so far opponents have succeeded in slowing things down but not stopping them.”

Above: Solaris is completing orders for its Tramino design for Jena (Germany) and Poznan (Poland). Solaris

Right: Alstom has already won orders for its ‘mini-tram’ Citadis Compact from the French cities of Aubagne (pictured) and . Alstom

160 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org MANUFACTURER ORDERS (+ OPTIONS) 3124 (+ 893) DELIVERY MANUFACTURER ORDERS + OPTIONS (3320 + 893) DELIVERY

Alstom 374 (+ 214) CSR Tangshan 5 Aubagne (F) 8 (+ 10) Citadis Compact 2014 Samsun (TR) 5 Low-floor tram 2013-14 Avignon (F) 24 Citadis Compact 2016 CSR Zhuzhou 37 (F) 26 (+ 30) Citadis 2013-15 Izmir (TR) 30 Light metro 2013-14 Constantine (DZ) 24 Citadis 2015 7 Low-floor tram Guangzhou (CN) 2014 Cuenca (EC) 14 Citadis 2014-15 (with Siemens) Dubai (UAE) 11 (+ 14) Citadis 2013-14 Durmazlar 10 (F) 4 (+ 14) Citadis 2015 10 Silkworm Bursa (TR) 2014-15 Nottingham (GB) 22 Citadis 2013-14 (with Siemens) Ottawa (CDN) 34 Citadis 2014-15 Inekon 70 (+ 21) Oran (DZ) 28 Citadis 2015 Almaty (KZ) 34 (+ 21) Superior+ 2013-14 Ouragia (DZ) 24 Citadis 2015-16 Olomouc (CZ) 14 Vario LF 2013-14 Paris (F) 57 Citadis 2014-15 Seattle (USA) 6 Trio 2013 Rio De Janeiro (BR) 32 Citadis 2015-16 Tashkent (UZ) 16 Vario LF 2013 Sétif (DZ) 32 Citadis 2016-17 Sidi Bel Abbès (DZ) 30 Citadis 2015-16 Kinkisharyo 175 (+ 97) SNCF (F) (54) + 146 Citadis Dualis 2015-20 Los Angeles (USA) 175 (+ 97) P3010 2015-18 (F) 4 Citadis 2014 PESA 383 (+ 6) AnsaldoBreda 70 (+ 7) Gdansk (PL) 5 Jazz Duo 2014-15 Genova (I) 7 (+ 7) High-floor LRV 2014 Katowice (PL) 30 Twist 2014-15 FGC Genova (I) 1 Tram-train 2014 Krakow (PL) 36 Twist 2015-16 Firenze (I) 29 Sirio 2013-15 Moskva (RUS) 120 Twist (with Uraltransmash) 2014-16 Kayseri (TR) 21 Sirio 2014-15 Pavlodar (KZ) 85 Twist 2013-14 Zhuhai (CN) 12 Sirio (with CNR Dalian) 2013-14 Sofia (BG) 20 Swing 2013-14 Torun (PL) 12 (+ 6) Swing 2014-15 Astra 24 (+ 51) Warszawa (PL) 45 Swing 2014-15 Arad (RO) 24 (+ 51) Imperio (with Siemens) 2012-14 Warszawa (PL) 30 Jazz 2015-16 Bombardier 802 (+ 128) Siemens 282 Antwerpen (B) 38 (+ 24) Flexity 2 2015-16 Calgary (CDN) 60 S200 2015-16 Basel (CH) 61 (+ 48) Flexity 2 2014-17 Charlotte (USA) 22 S70 2014-15 Berlin (D) 100 Flexity Berlin 2013-17 Den Haag (NL) 40 Avenio 2014-15 Brussels (B) 50 Flexity 2011-14 Doha (Q) 19 Avenio 2014-15 Essen (D) 27 Flexity Classic 2013-14 Minneapolis (USA) 31 S70 2013-14 Frankfurt am Main (D) 40 Flexity Swift 2014-17 München (D) 8 Avenio 2013-14 Ghent (B) 10 (+ 16) Flexity 2 2014-15 Portland (USA) 18 S70 2014-15 Gold Coast (AUS) 14 Flexity 2 2013-14 San Diego (USA) 34 S70s 2014-15 Halle (D) 12 (+ 4) Flexity Classic 2013-14 Wien (A) 50 ULF 2013-14 Karlsruhe (D) 30 (+ 25) Flexity Swift 2013-14 Krefeld (D) 12 (+ 7) Flexity Outlook 2014-15 Solaris 38 Linz (A) 6 Flexity 2015 Braunschweig (D) 18 Tramino 2014 Manchester (GB) 54 M5000 2013-16 Jena (D) 5 Tramino 2013-14 (AUS) 50 Flexity 2013-14 Olgztyn (PL) 15 Tramino 2013-14 Mexico City (MEX) 4 LRV 2013-14 Skoda 153 (+ 30) Mülheim/Ruhr (D) 15 Flexity Classic 2015-16 Bratislava (SK) 30 (+ 30) 30T 2015-16 Nanjing (CN) 15 Flexity 2 (with CSR Nanjing) 2014 Konya (TR) 60 15T 2014-15 Plauen (D) 6 (+ 4) Flexity Classic 2013-14 Miskolc (H) 31 26T (with Ganz) 2013-14 (NL) 16 Flexity Swift 2016-17 Praha (CZ) 32 15T 2013-17 Suzhou (CN) 18 Flexity 2 (with CSR Nanjing) 2014 Stadler 102 Toronto (CDN) 204 Flexity Freedom 2013-15 Basel (BLT) (CH) 19 Tango 2015-16 Toronto (Metrolinx) (CDN) LRV 2014-16 Bergen (N) 8 Variobahn 2015-16 Waterloo-Kitchener (CDN) LRV 2015-16 Bochum-Gelsenkirchen (D) 15 Variobahn 2013-14 Wien (A) 20 Flexity Swift 2014-15 Croydon (GB) 4 Variobahn 2015 Brookville 2 (+ 2) Potsdam (D) 9 Variobahn 2013-14 Dallas (USA) 2 (+ 2) Liberty 2014 St Gallen (AB) (CH) 7 Tango 2016 CAF 257 (+ 144) Stuttgart (D) 40 DT8 2013-15 Besançon (F) 19 Urbos 3 2013-14 Vossloh 240 (+ 98) 2014-15 (Order Budapest (H) 37 Urbos 3 Chemnitz (D) 8 (+ 2) Tram-train 2014 challenged) (CN) 23 Tramlink 2013-14 Cagliari (I) 3 (+ 6) Urbos 2 2015 Gmunden (A) 11 Tramlink 2015-16 Cuiabá (BR) 40 Urbos 3 2013-15 100 (+ 46) Typ 3000 Hannover (D) 2013-14 Cincinnati (USA) 5 (+ 20) Urbos 3 2013-14 (with Alstom/Heiterblick) Debrecen (H) 18 Urbos 3 2013-14 Karlsruhe (D) 25 (+ 50) Citylink 2013-14 Freiburg im Breisgau (D) 12 Urbos 3 2015-17 Rostock (D) 13 Tramlink 2013-14 Houston (USA) 39 High-floor LRV 2013-14 Santos (BR) 22 Citylink 2014-15 Kansas City (USA) 4 Urbos 3 2014 South Yorkshire (GB) 7 Tram-train 2013-14 (RC) 9 Urbos 3 2014 (D) 31 Schwebebahn 2014-15 (S) 22 (+ 99) Urbos AXL 2013-16 Transtech 40 (+ 95) Sydney (AUS) 12 Urbos 3 2014-15 Helsinki (FIN) 40 (+ 95) 2013-16 Tallinn (EST) 16 (+ 15) Urbos 3 2014-15 West Midlands (GB) 21 (+ 4) Urbos 3 2014-15 United Streetcar 12 Portland (USA) 1 200 2015 CNR Dalian 48 Tucson 8 200 2013-14 Manila (RP) 48 High-floor LRV 2015-16 Washington 3 200 2014

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ORDERS PENDING 1340 (+ 279 OPTIONS) Athina (GR) 25 Bremen (D) 15 (+ 62) Bydgoszcz (PL) 15 Amiens/Caen (F) 50 (+ 20) Chemnitz (D) 10 Cosenza (I) 11 Darmstadt (D) 10 (+ 10) Daugavpils (LV) 12 De Lijn (Oostende) (B) 62 Detroit (USA) 6 Dortmund (D 26 Düsseldorf (D) 40 Goiania (P) 30 Göteborg (S) 40 (+ 60) Graz (A) 35 Hasselt (B) 12 Innsbruck (A) 22 Izmir (TR) 21 (IL) 46 København (DK) 24 Köln (Cologne) (D) 20 Liege (B) 19 Luxembourg (L) 12 Oslo (N) 45 Phoenix (USA) 11 Plzeň (CZ) 18 St Etienne (F) 3 (+ 13) San Antonio (USA) 5 San Diego (USA) 22 San Francisco (USA) 260 Sassi (I) 3 (+ 6) Skopje (MK) 22 (F) 12 (+ 38)

Hannover is taking delivery of a fleet of 100 3000-series cars built by a consortium of Vossloh/HeiterBlick/ Tel Aviv (IL) 90 (+ 30) Alstom, and assembled in Leipzig. Üstra Tiranë (AL) 20 Torun (PL) 12 “CAF has already scored one notable success in Ulm (D) 12 Washington (USA) 62 ... this is one ambitious firm that is going after Wien (Vienna) (A) 150 every order it can.” Zürich (CH) 30 (+ 40) systems, including some that are almost PESA has done well in its home market, achieved their systems (despite the offer private operations; while Jerusalem needs Poland, but still awaits its first order from of 'low-cost’ tramways). Fortunately, cities more cars, and eventually there will be a Western Europe. The other main Polish such as Bordeaux and Strasbourg are still significant order for Tel Aviv as it progresses manufacturer, Solaris, has achieved that expanding, with other minor extensions its plans for an ambitious six-line LRT breakthrough in Germany with its first on the drawing board – the Paris tramway network in the coming two decades. deliveries in Jena, and alo has a contract steamroller also continues apace. The Australian market is also coming to deliver 18 Tramino to Braunschweig. The market for remanufactured alive with expansion of existing systems Škoda and Stadler have fallen back slightly, trams is still brisk for companies like and new developments on the cards. perhaps a sign that too many manufacturers PRAGOIMEX and Cegelec, although More traditional tramway markets are are chasing too few orders at the moment. the second-hand market has died away starting to pick up again, with good sales Winning the imminent Zürich order will over the past few years as Western European prospects in Belgium, Germany, , undoubtedly be a feather in someone’s cap. systems cascaded their rolling stock Switzerland and Sweden. CAF has already Tram-trains seem to be falling from favour eastwards, following the sale of ’s scored one notable success in Sweden, with (or in Spain, are just too expensive) slightly, TFS2 trams to Gazantiep in Turkey. the Stockholm order and options for over with only Vossloh achieving success in this The Turkish system at Konya is using 100 trams; this is one ambitious firm that area. Although Alstom still has some options newly-built Skoda trams to replace the is going after every order it can (and fights in hand for its Citadis Dualis for SNCF, it high-floor articulated cars it bought if it thinks the tendering process has not remains to be seen if these will be taken up from Köln (Cologne) for its start up. been fair). Breaking into the German market beyond the Paris outer circle. Meanwhile Meanwhile, the Polish city of Gdansk in Freiburg-im-Breisgau must be causing the number of new French city tramways is is seeking 16 second-hand double-ended concern in the Bombardier and Siemens declining somewhat, as most conurbations eight-axle trams. One can only think management offices. where it makes sense have already they have Czech KT8s in mind.

162 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org London, 1 October 2014 ENTRIES OPEN NOW Best Customer Initiative Best Environmental and Sustainability Initiative Employee/Team of the Year Manufacturer of the Year Most Improved System Operator of the Year Outstanding Engineering Achievement Award Project of the Year EUR50m Significant Safety Initiative Supplier of the Year EUR10m Technical Innovation of the Year Judges’ Special Award Vision of the Year For advanced booking and sponsorship details contact: Geoff Butler – t: +44 (0)1733 367610 – @ [email protected] www.lightrailawards.com Advertorial THE GREAT LIGHT RAIL AND TRAMWAY ROBBERY Neville Hilton, Revenue Protection Specialist at AFD Software examines the changing face of revenue protection and how straightforward solutions can help operators lose less to the fare evaders.

n today’s money, GBP46m was stolen during the UK’s Great Train Robbery of 1963. Yet this is small beer compared with GBP2.2bn in revenue that has been stolen from theI UK’s light rail and tram networks over the past ten years – enough to pay for the new Nottingham Express Transit system four times over. This is a big crime by any standard, and one which is unfair to every investor, every transport group, every operator and every fare-paying passenger. All this revenue is lost one person and one journey at a time, and an estimated 10% of journeys are not paid for. So what makes an effective revenue protection strategy, and what are the practical issues that need to be considered? We at AFD Software have worked closely with major transport operators including First Group, National Express and Metrolink RATP Dev with our Names & Numbers software to underpin effective deterrence, increase the proportion of fines paid and prosecutions made.

Changing the game Ten years ago a revenue protection officer than buy a season ticket – word travels would check the details of a passenger quickly via social media sites. by telephoning a central office where an More than ever a visible staff presence advisor (if not already swamped with calls) is required to deter avoidance and issue would leaf through hard copy directories fines, along with an effective back office looking to confirm the name and address system that is able to actively follow- details given. The time taken through through to collect fines and prosecute this laborious process would delay and those who don’t pay. Consistency of frustrate the passenger, sometimes leading approach by revenue protection staff is to violent assaults! Thankfully, a lot has important and performance data needs to changed since then… be collected and analysed so appropriate In 2005, AFD Names & Numbers was training interventions and coaching can first introduced as a central component of be delivered. The days of rugby tackles are revenue protections systems. It compresses over, calming conflict and getting the right system so our efforts are focused on the encrypted name and address details of result without violence are key. creating an effective deterrent to travelling over 42 million people in the UK into less without a ticket. We believe that a failure than 1GB of data, making them instantly What does success look like? to take this seriously would be a disservice available and searchable on a handheld If there was a formula for success in revenue to the honest, fare-paying customers who device. This is very useful when parts of the protection, I think it would look like this: make up the majority of our passengers.” transport network have no internet access. Most of the money from the Great Train (Passion + Process) * (IT + Management Robbery was never recovered. Isn’t it time False information = No money + Training + Frontline Staff + Enforcement to recover more from the Great Light Rail Speed of access is vital, both in terms of + Prosecution + Publicity) = Revenue & Tram Robbery? productivity and in protecting staff from Protection Success. customer impatience. Staff can combine their local knowledge with rapid, instant It is the combination of these elements CONTACT data retrieval with Names & Numbers. that brings in revenue through deterrence It’s a powerful combination and enables and prosecution. I see how Names & T: +44 (0)1624 811711 careful questioning, which reduces the Numbers plays a hidden but practical and E: [email protected] possibility of staff accepting false crucial role in strengthening each aspect of W: www.afd.co.uk/nnsmart information. Accurate details mean more the revenue protection through delivering fines are collected and more prosecutions the information necessary to collect fines successfully made. and to prosecute offenders – day after day. As Ian Law, Head of Finance at Word travels fast Metrolink RATP Dev, told the Manchester If it’s easy to avoid paying fares, or it’s just Evening News: “Revenue generated from cheaper to pay the occasional excess fine ticket sales goes back into running the

164 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Brussels BRUSSELS: DEVELOPING THE METRO

Brussels' heavy metro is likely to grow again in future, although the network is stable at present. This is Yser station on the 1988 extension between Rogier and Simonis, which unlike other central metro sections was never worked by trams in the intermediate ‘pre-metro’ mode. Unlike other STIB rolling stock, the -type metro units still bear their distinctive original livery. Leading this eastbound train, 102 was one of the first pair of metro units to be delivered in November 1974; that was two years before trains replaced trams on the east-west line. Yves-Laurent Hansart s in many European cities, In part two of their article article, improvements in tramway services grand plans for underground have eroded this lead: at 132.4m journeys railways in Brussels were on Belgium’s capital, Geoffrey in 2012, metro traffic remains relatively advanced early in the last Skelsey and Yves-Laurent stable, whereas tram journeys have nearly century. Detailed proposals doubled over ten years to 123.5m in 2012. wereA announced in 1926, partly under Hansart turn their attention to Few commentators would have forecast in the auspices of the giant Belgian utilities the city’s metro. the 1980s that tram traffic would approach company Electrobel, which also had interests the level of metro traffic. in the Brussels – Tervuren electric railway. The last part of the metro system to be As published, the plans envisaged a limited westward extensions pushed high-capacity completed was the short extension of the central area network, where traffic would be transport into the suburbs, but at the cost of inner ring circle, and the final short section dense enough to justify the cost: a north- requiring more passengers to change to and (between Delacroix and Gare de l’Ouest south line between Midi and Nord; a line from feeder services. stations) was finished, under challenging beneath the eastern section of the ‘ceinture’, For four decades from 1969 work barely technical circumstances, in 2009. also between Midi and Nord and forming a ceased on progressive extension of the metro The new depot at Jacques Brel was lopsided circle; and an east-west line between system, including the conversion of the completed at the same time. Porte de Flandres and , ceinture pre-metro in 1988. The other via Gare de Luxembourg. These proposals pre-metro sections, completed between The present – and the future generally prefigured the developments that 1975 and 1993, have yet to be converted: Completion of the ring made it possible occurred after 1969, but in the dire economic more suitable articulated light rail rolling to link the former separate lines, with circumstances that beset Belgium after 1929 stock has greatly improved performance integration of services: the pattern is now a the project foundered. there in any case. circular line 2 (Simonis [low level, renamed Developments after 1945 began with the The opening of sub-surface lines, and ‘Elisabeth’ in November 2013] – Beekkant – ‘pre-metro’ concept – tram subways designed consequent improved speed and reliability, Simonis [high level] and return); a through for eventual conversion to metro – and these led immediately to growth in ridership which service between Erasme and Herrmann- took shape from 1969 when an east-west line had been falling since the late 1940s: in 1970 Debroux (line 5); and a new service operating between Ste-Catherine and Schuman was overall STIB traffic began to grow again and Elisabeth [Low Level] – Inner Ring – Beekkant opened, but using four-axle PCC rolling stock over the following years the metro assumed – Roi Baudouin, taking in both former lines of limited capacity. a predominant part in STIB activity: by 2008 (line 6). Former line 1 now runs between Conversion to full metro operation about half the total ridership used the metro Stockel and Gare de l’Ouest only. in 1976, rather earlier than originally (which was of course a small fraction of the These changes opened up through journey envisaged, enabled better use to be made of total route network). possibilities to inner ring stations for some the underground section, and eastward and However, as described in part one of this passengers, but involved an additional

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 165 Brussels

The Metro and pre-metro in 2013. Station abbreviations The BOA metro SE Elisabeth (formerly units, with full-width Simonis, Elisabeth) inter-car gangways, contrast greatly with R Ribaucourt the traditional M1 Y Yser units designed 40 years ago. Built by EN Étangs Noirs CAF and delivered CdeF Comté de Flandres from 1999 these SC Ste-Catherine trains are in the new corporate livery of DB De Brouckère grey and bronze. GC Gare Centrale In May 2010 two are seen near Beaulieu station in the east Some station names have of the city, on the changed since opening extension to Demey that opened in 1977. The integration of metro tracks Service pattern with the new E411 Stockel – Parc – highway is typical of 1 the period. Gare de l'Ouest Yves-Laurent 2 Simonis (E) – Louise GARE DE Hansart – Gare de l'Ouest – L'OUEST Simonis (L II) The metro was extended to Erasme 5 Herrmann-Debroux – hospital in 2003, Parc – Erasme replacing a reserved- track tramway on 6 Simonis (E) – Louise JACQUES BREL part of the route. – Simonis (L II) – The new terminus R Baudouin AUMALE is above ground and 1982 is an unusual fabric structure on light ST-GUIDON metal framing. 1985 Geoffrey Skelsey VEEWEYDE change for others. It is also the case, as removed. Trials with exit gates began at the 1991 learned in Toronto and elsewhere, that such end of 2013. BIZET interlinking threatens reliability and there A new contactless ticketing system, were significant problems in the early days of named ‘Mobib’ has also been introduced. 2003 the revised service pattern. The new services Apart from various extensions to the EDDY LA ROUE MERCKX were introduced with free travel on 4 April present metro, a long-term intention has 2009. Metro route length is now 39.9km been announced to extend the north- ERASME (24.8 miles), with 69 stations. Some 21 BOA south pre-metro tunnel northwards from 2003 CERIA six-car metro trains have entered service, Gare du Nord to Verboekhoven, Bordet bringing the total metro fleet to 66 units. and Stadium; and southwards A change apparent to all visitors is the from Albert to -Calevoet. In due installation of automatic ticket gates at metro course (perhaps in the 2030s) this would stations, to improve security and lessen fare be converted to metro operation using evasion; although gates had existed when automatic trains, as the traffic will then the metro opened they were subsequently exceed the maximum capacity by tram. Unresolved problems remain with the redesign of the Midi station layout, where pre-metro and conventional trams at present mingle in the 1957 subways, as well as with practicable arrangements to secure the continuation of street tram services entering the subway at either end of the north-south tunnel. In the meantime operation of existing service 55 remains subject to severe traffic congestion. It is also intended to extend the east-side peripheral pre-metro tunnel (services 7 and 25) north beyond Meiser and southwards to the Bois end of Avenue Winston Churchill. These tunnels would address several major congestion problems where the present tramway conflicts with street traffic. The long-term intention of replacing the north-south pre-metro line with a full metro will disappoint ardent tramway advocates, but is probably a rational recognition of the limitations of tram operation as traffic grows. If it takes place this move will be offset by substantial expansion of the tramway

166 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org 1998 HEYSEL 3 ROI BAUDOUIN 7 Brussels Metro HOUBA-BRUGMANN Also showing pre-metro (underground tram) lines STUYVENBERGH and through tram routes. 1985 Dates are years of opening BOCKSTAEL 7

1982 PANNENHUIS 3 KEY 55 Metro BELGICA Pre-metro

SIMONIS SE Selected OSSEGHEM ROGIER tramways 1988 7 R 23 1981 Y G du Nord to pre-metro EN CdeF 1974 1981 25 BEEKKANT BOTANIQUE 51 SC 1976 1974 GARE DE L'OUEST DB GC MADOU 1982 2009 ALMA 1988 DELACROIX 1970 Bourse 1969 ROODEBEEK 2006 MAELBEEK Diamant PARC ARTS- CRAIN- Depot 1976 SCHUMAN GRIBAUMONT 1982 VAN- LOI DER- HEM Anneessens 1969 Georges CLEMENCEAU TRONE Henri TOMBERG VELDE 1985 1976 1976 1993 Lemonnier PTE de NAMUR MERODE JOSEPHINE-CHARLOTTE STOCKEL 1988 G du MIDI LOUISE 1976 HOTEL DES MONNAIES MONTGOMERY PTE DE Parvis THIEFFRY HAL de St-Gilles Boileau Horta 1993 Albert 7 PETILLON 3 25 4 HANKAR Vanderkindere DELTA Depot 51 3 7 1977 HERRMANN-DEBROUX RP W Churchill BEAULIEU DEMEY 4 25 1985

network, enhancing its peripheral and Nivelles (line 124) are in progress. years ahead. Tramway schedule speed is feeder role. The most striking infrastructural still disappointingly low and has barely innovation is construction, which began in changed in recent years. On average trams RER 2008, of an entirely new 1.25km (0.78-mile)- are scheduled at 16.5km/h (10.3mph), and Conventional railway traffic within the line linking Schuman and Meiser stations, although continued efforts are being made Brussels metropolitan area has always thus joining services from the south and the to extend segregated track and to implement been limited, but the extent of employment ‘European’ district around Schuman station traffic priority, much remains to be done. growth within the confined Capital with Brussels International Airport to the Of the 140 route km (87 miles) of tramway, Region, and of population growth outside north. Complex engineering work has been 78.6km (48.8 miles) are now on segregated it, placed new emphasis on the need for faster necessary to construct the line within the track. Catering for continued traffic growth and more frequent medium-distance existing wholly-built-up area, most notably is a further medium-term issue. commuter services. involving a new RER bridge crossing the In the longer term the balance between Plans for a Brussels ‘RER’ (Réseau Express Metro within Schuman station. The total tram and metro is likely to change but Régional Bruxellois) were first aired in number of stations within the 350km investment in extension and renewal of 1995, but the complexity of the political, (217-mile) RER network will be about 120 tracks, and on a wholly-new fleet, is evidence jurisdictional, and technical issues resulted and completion is expected by 2016. of a long term future for the Brussels tram. in slow progress. Major work on four-tracking Incidentally, Belgian rail history is not certain radial lines has been proceeding for being overlooked: a comprehensive new some years, involving construction work railway museum, entitled ‘Train World’, Thanks to the Belgian journal ‘Tram 2000’ on bridges and stations. The Leuven and is to open at Schaerbeek railway station. and to material supplied by the STIB and by the Halle lines were already quadruple track, national rail infrastructure authority Infrabel. but work on the routes westwards towards Conclusion Copies of the authors’ comprehensive history Denderleeuw (line 50A), south-east towards The STIB, and especially the tramway, of the STIB since 1945 – Brussels: A Tramway Ottignies (line 161), and south towards will continue to face challenges in the Reborn – are still available from the LRTA.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 167 Le Havre

Neil Pulling explores

Le Havre the French port city of SYSTEMS Le Havre where a new tramway opened in

FRANCE late 2012 to connect an FACTFILE unusually dispersed No. Le Havre, community. 79 France

e Havre (‘the harbour’) Tram 006 leaves All now part of Le Havre, there has opposite the upper station and by is in France’s Seine- Hôtel de Ville, the long been a distinction between the providing tourists with a moving Maritime department, core of the lower mainly residential hill-top city viewpoint. part of Haute-Normandie town, on 30 October ‘Ville Haute’ and the more Buses and (1947-1970) 2013. region. La Communauté All pictures by commercially active ‘Ville-Basse’ replaced the original tramway that Lde l’agglomération havraise (CODAH) Neil Pulling unless containing the city centre, port lasted from 1874 to 1951, by 1913 authority identified a 2013 population otherwise noted district and seafront. Convenient reaching a peak length of 57km of 243 377 in its 17 communes. travel between the two levels has been (35.6 miles). Justification of the new Containing the tramway which a challenge for over a century. tramway’s EUR395m cost opened on 12 December 2012, Le Havre Providing 50m of vertical travel and (financed by 60% loans to CODAH; proper is the largest and most populous saving time over road alternatives, 23% regional and EC authorities; commune with 178 070 residents. Montmorency escalator in eastern Le 17% local employer tax) did not rest Prompted by silting of upstream Havre operated from 1928 to 1984, upon the conditions commonly harbours, Le Havre’s initial settlement the structure remaining for possible underpinning such schemes. was along low ground on the Seine’s restoration. A more centrally sited Amongst comparable settlements, north bank where it emptied into 0.34km (0.21-mile) with 77 Le Havre was not greatly troubled La Manche/the English Channel. vertical metres dates from 1890; its by air pollution, nor were traffic With expansion came use of the slopes survival and incorporation into the congestion or parking major problems of an ancient coastline, cliff-like in public transport network has been since much space is given over to places, then beyond onto the plateau. helped by a large school being situated roads. The lack of convenient access

168 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org

THE FLEET

From a July 2010 initial order, options on a further two trams brought the total fleet to 22 bi-directional 100% low-floor Alstom Citadis 302, numbered 001-022. Each costing EUR2.1m, the first vehicle arrived in February 2012. They are 2.4m wide, 32.6m long, with capacity for 152 standing and 54 seated with options to extend from five sections to seven. Two general-use sections have fixed seats on one side and padded rests on the other. In contrast to liveries devised to introduce brightness and colour, exemplified by and , Le Havre’s trams blend into the muted finish of the post-war rebuilding, with upholstery having similar styling. Each commune has a tram carrying its name, leaving five initially unnamed. Maintenance and storage (space for 24 trams) is at Grand Hameau, next to a new link road to the nearby regional airport. The 40 000m2 installation includes a bus depot, LiA’s control centre and a split-level park-and-ride site next to line A’s terminus platforms. Normal operations require 17 trams: only Jenner tunnel is cleared for the system maximum of 70km/h (43.5mph).

ABOVE: Gares stop outside the main railway station entrance is amongst the system’s busiest points.

LEFT: The long slope from Jenner tunnel towards Gares: in the distance a cruise liner towers over the mainly low-rise central area.

BELOW LEFT: Taking styling inspiration from the post-war rebuilding, Le Havre’s trams blend with their lower town surroundings: this is Hôtel de Ville.

BELOW: Porte Océane at the seaward end of Avenue Foch is now given over to trams and pedestrians.

“The new tramway’s EUR395m cost was financed by 60% loans to CODAH; 23% regional and EC authorities and 17% local employer tax.”

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 169 Le Havre

Tram 004 on training duties descends from Jenner tunnel, with one the longer Covered storage sidings at Grand Hameau depot. road tunnels to the left.

Shortly before snow stopped all services, resumed two days later, staff keep Grand Hameau tracks operational on 11 March 2013.

The veteran of Le Havre’s transport network, the funicular opened in 1890.

for those in the outer districts with east of the longer road tunnels. Le Havre low car ownership was however The overall project was delivered with successfully combines the perceived as a social divide. 865 days identified for construction. NETWORK FACTS identities of being Helping to reduce the temptation With the tramway opening in Opened: 2012 France’s busiest for automobile use, a core tramway prospect, CODAH’s transport network international port Lines: 2 also added new capacity and allowed Bus Océane was rebranded LiA and a seaside resort: Stops: 23 for fewer vehicle movements across a (Les Lignes de l’Agglo) in July 2012. this is La Plage Distance: 13 km (8.1 miles) recast network. Initial studies for new The operating company is a Transdev terminus. public transport arrangements were subsidiary, La Compagnie des Depots: 1 started by SYSTRA in 2004, transports de la porte océane (CTPO) Approx. weekday hours: with the company leading the delivery which also has 165 buses for 15 city 05.00-midnight consortium from 2009. The daily routes. Trams serve two of LiA’s three Main frequency: 8 minutes each line passenger target for the tramway was designated main interchanges (pôles Gauge: 1435mm 56 000, with an hourly capacity in d’échanges). Hôtel de Ville is between each direction of 3 400. Bus lines the eastern end of the city hall and the Power: 750V dc overhead supply 1-3 are graded as comparable with main shopping district, with Gares Fleet: 22 Alstom Citadis 302 tram service standards, there being being the combined regional bus Network: LiA two lower bus categories. station and SNCF railway terminus for Operator: Transdev (as CTPO) Planned as an upper-lower link in the the line from Paris and Rouen. INFORMATION 1930s but delayed by war and austerity, The tramway’s configuration has City network: www.transports-lia.fr the paired Jenner road tunnels opened three arms of similar length that join in 1956. Completed between January at Place Jenner, immediately north Civic information: http://lehavre.fr 2011 and April 2012, the tramway of the tunnel which forms part of the Tourist information: counterpart is a 535m single bore long slope between the upper and www.lehavretourisme.com tunnel for twin tracks immediately lower levels. With the junction sited

170 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org

“Planned in the 1930s, but delayed by war and austerity, the paired Jenner road tunnels opened in 1956. Completed in April 2012, the tramway counterpart is a 535m single bore tunnel for twin tracks immediately to the east of the road tunnels.”

Dépôt Bigne à fosse A Grand Hameau

Queneau

Mt-Gaillard

Mare Rouge

Atrium Sacré-Coeur Schuman

St Pierre Mare au Clerc

Jenner Frileuse Curie Verlaine Caucriauville Pré fleuri B

Rond-Point

La Plage Université La Plage A B St Roch Hôtel de Ville Palais deGares justice

City-bound 020 climbs to Frileuse stop, set amongst one of line B’s more established upper town neighbourhoods. at the tunnel mouth, Place Jenner has separate pairs of platforms for line A towards the north-west and line B to the east. It is one of nine tramway locations with secure bike storage, free to LiA pass-holders from January 2014. South of Place Jenner, lines A and B share track to give a four-minute main frequency from here to La Plage terminus. Once clear of the tunnel, the southern arm is made up of two long near-straight stretches. From the road tunnel, Cours de la République was rebuilt to give space for the tramway on the eastern side, including removal of an underpass near Rond-Point stop. A curve outside the SNCF terminus takes the tramway towards the sea. A university site and commercial redevelopment on inner dock quays lie close to the station, helping traffic levels. The tramway’s backdrop in the lower town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005, a testament to the work of a team led by Auguste Perret – “An outstanding

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 171 Le Havre

“The decorative features and colouring applied to the only construction material readily available at the time, reinforced concrete, inspired the tram fleet’s livery.” post-war example of urban planning and architecture.” Rebuilding between 1945 and 1964 used a rubble base; archive photos show little remaining after Allied bombardments in September 1944. The decorative features and colouring applied to the only construction material readily available at the time, reinforced concrete, inspired the modern tram fleet’s livery. The east-west tramway axis was created down the grassed centre of Boulevard de Strasbourg leading to the city’s principal civic space, Place de l’Hôtel de Ville. Straight ahead, tree-lined Avenue Foch threads the tracks through Porte Océane. This stark break between buildings has been closed to road traffic, emphasising the dramatic approach to the sea front. Immediately after a curve, the terminus of lines A+B, La Plage, fully warrants the beach name. Trams normally pass beyond the platforms to return via a crossover, with enough space and existing developments beyond to make a coast extension possible. It takes about 26-28 minutes from One of many La Plage to either terminus. The two drastic road space northern arms each have many more reconfigurations changes of direction and gradient was at Avenue du 8 than the combined lines A+B section, Mai 1945 on line B. weaving to serve a mixture of old and new residential areas. Line A ends in The driver of a Le Havre’s north-west suburbs, where line A service scans housing estates and a large shopping the junction at the centre make Mont Gaillard the busiest north end of Jenner tunnel. upper town stop. The main structures near Grand The interior of Hameau terminus are hospitals and an LiA Alstom LiA’s tram and bus depot, sited on land Citadis 302. that was recently agricultural. Line B terminus Caucriauville-Pré Fleuri stops a little short of a run of high-density housing leading to a cliff top.

Detailed maps can be found at www.transports-lia.fr – follow ‘Votre déplacement’ then ‘Plans du réseau’.

ESSENTIAL FACTS Local travel: Maps and EUR3.70. ‘Je monte, je serves as the cruise line (also from machines) valide!’ signs abound to transfer point for Paris. tickets are available from remind passengers that On an otherwise low- two information centres: all ticket types must be level skyline, St. Joseph’s near the bus section of the validated upon boarding. Church and Hôtel de Ville SNCF station and Avenue What is there to see? The are outstanding buildings René Coty, slightly uphill city’s main information of the reconstruction. near Hôtel de Ville. Cross- centre is on Boulevard A patchy bus service mode including funicular, Clemenceau, near La Plage crosses the Pont de rechargeable contactless stop. Nearby access to the Normandie to Honfleur one-hour tickets which breakwater gives great (not to be confused with allow return journeys for views of river and harbour Le Havre’s Harfleur), a EUR1.50; ‘Titre Journée’ traffic: Le Havre is France’s picturesque fishing town one-day tickets are busiest container port and on the Seine’s south bank.

172 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Worldwide Review

ALGERIA ALGIERS. Test running on the 6.9km (4.29-mile) tramway extension from Bordj El Kiffan to Dergana began on 29 January. Bordj El Kiffan to Kahouat will open on 16 April, the rest in July, totalling 23km (14 miles). A. Senut BATNA. Tramway construction work on the 15km (nine-mile) line is due to start in the second half of 2014. Thirty Alstom Citadis trams will be supplied in 2016. A. Senut INDUSTRY. The first tram built at Cital’s new factory in Annaba was due to roll off the production line in April. The plant can build five trams a month. A. Senut TÉBESSA. Plans for a 13km (eight-mile) east-west tramline have been presented by Egis Rail, pending decision in April. A. Senut

ARGENTINA A tram on the new extension of line T1 crosses the Pont Raymond Barre. Y. Allain . In response to the financial crisis and increasing Route 62 will not run a Da Vinci– the first of ten three-car metro power on city centre sections budget gap, the Government is Eurocontrol in the evenings and trains for the South Island Line. without overhead have raised privatising the lines at weekends until the new NATO The 7km (four-mile) line should concerns about premature ageing that were nationalised in 2013 headquarters is opened. open in 2015. RGI of the equipment. Alstom/SAFT after three serious accidents. It is confirmed that construction WENZHOU. CSR Sifang has won are jointly investigating. A. Senut Wall St Journal of the line 94 extension from the contract to supply 32 four-car PARIS. STIF has approved a capital Woluwe to Roodebeek will start in commuter rail EMUs for the 52km budget of EUR787m for 2014-15, AUSTRALIA 2015 for completion in September (32-mile) east-west . I RG with EUR450m for the extension ADELAIDE. The first passenger 2018. The EUR1bn conversion of of metro line 14 to Marie de Saint- service using one of 22 new the north-south tram subway to CYPRUS Ouen, and the second phase of the Bombardier three-car EMUs metro and its extension north to NICOSIA. A preliminary study extending to Bagneux. ran on 21 February. The Seaford Scharebeek will not be achieved has determined the feasibility Work on the 4.3km (2.67-mile) extension was opened two until at least 2022. of a tramline to serve the city, extension of tramline T3 from days later, marking the official The delivery of Bombardier and further studies will report in Porte de la Chapelle to Porte inauguration of electric commuter Flexity trams has been completed December. The target date for a d’Asnieres is expected to start in rail service. Metro has decided with the arrival of 4069. T-2000 tramway is 2020. InCyprus.com 2015. The declaration of public against running the two restored CHARLEROI. Former Vicinal utility for the Tangentielle Ouest H class trams in regular weekend S class tram 9148 and matching FRANCE tram-train project (RER St Cyr service. They will still be available trailer 9309 are being restored at BESANÇON. The opening date to RER St-Germain-en-Laye) was for charter and special events. Anderlues depot to permit heritage for the first section of the new signed on 3 February. Completion I. Hammond, Guardian Messenger tram rides to be offered. T-2000 tramway will be 30 August; 11 CAF is expected in 2018. The DPU for the trams had been delivered by the 7.7km (4.8-mile) eastern extension AUSTRIA BRAZIL end of January. T-2000 of tramline T1 from Noisy-le-Sec LINZ. A EUR19m contract has SALVADOR. CCR, the company DIJON. In the year since the to Val-de-Fontenay was signed on been awarded to Bombardier for awarded the Design-Build- launch of tramway operation, 17 February. The EUR484m project six more 40m Flexity Cityrunner Operate-Maintain contract for passenger traffic on the network will be completed in 2017, and will 100% low-floor trams. They will the second phase of the metro, has increased by 20.2%; 83 000 require 15 more low-floor trams. be used to work extensions to the has ordered 49 four-car trains passengers/day are being carried RGI, A. Senut network from 2016. Marketwired from HyundaiRotem. They will on the two tramlines, and an ST ÉTIENNE. The first of 20 be assembled in Brazil by Iesa. IRJ increased capacity may need to be second series low-floor trams BELGIUM offered within two years. A. Senut to be sent to SAFRA in Albi for BRUXELLES/BRUSSEL. 10 CANADA . The first section renovation, in a EUR6m contract, March was to see network changes, MONTRÉAL. The Government of new tramline E, from Louise arrived on 18 February. A. Senut including the extension of line 62 transit agency AMT has purchased Michel to Saint-Martin-le-Vinoux, VALENCIENNES. Passenger from Da Vinci to Eurocontrol at its the 30km (19-mile) electrified will open on 28 June. The first service on tramline T2 began as eastern end, and from Bienfaiteurs Deux-Montagnes commuter clearance tests were carried out planned on 24 February. T-2000 to Cimitiere de (over the rail line from CN, replacing with 2034 on 18 February. A. Senut existing tracks of lines 25 and 93) the current lease. AMT plans to . Alstom is delivering GERMANY at its western end. increase capacity on the line. IRJ new Citadis 1027-34 ready for the BONN. The Südbrücke was closed Midi/Lemmonier short WATERLOO-KITCHENER. opening of line 2. T-2000 for Stadtbahn operation for three workings on lines 51 and 81 Construction of the 18.9km (11.7- LYON. The 2.3km (1.4-mile) weeks from 10 March. Diversions have been replaced by trams mile) light rail line will begin this extension of tramline T1 across the and timetables were introduced for running the whole route, and summer. GrandLinq has been Raymond Barre bridge to Debourg routes 63, 66, and 68. DS line 81 resumed its routing via recommended to DBFOM the ION opened on 19 February. The BRANDENBURG. KT4 tram Rue Théodore Verhaegen. Line Stage 1. E. B. Havens Alstom Citadis Dualis tram-trains 181 has been painted in a special 93 short workings to Cimitiere de re-entered service on the Ouest blue livery to advertise the 2015 Jette now run through to Stade. CHINA Lyonnais line 10 February.A. Senut Bundesgartenschau, which will The northern terminus of line 51 . Changchun . Two fires in the rooftop take place from 18 April to 11 was switched from Heysel to Stade. Railway Vehicles has delivered batteries used to provide traction October next year. DS

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 173 Worldwide Review

ESSEN. The symbolic start-work NAGPUR. The government has white livery designed to achieve an ceremony for the 1.3km (0.8-mile) approved a 38km (24-mile) two- OSLO. Siemens has delivered the optical illusion on one side, with of new tramway in Berthold- line metro project on the basis of last of 115 type MX300 three-car doors proud of the bodywork. Beitz-Boulevard took place on 18 a PPP contract. RGI metro trains. Tram 3034 re-enters service at February. The new tracks will be Easter after repair to fire damage used by route 109. DS ISLE OF MAN incurred at Hard depot in 2013. JENA. On 29 January the city GENERAL. The 2014 season LISBOA. The government is tram council decided to go ahead with began on 7 March with the steam considering options for the the EUR8m tramway extension railway, which runs services privatisation of both Carris (trams TURKEY from Zwätzen to Himmelreich until 5 November. Manx Electric and buses) and Metropolitano de ANKARA. On 12 February (1.5km/0.9 miles). Stadtwerke Jena Railway services run 4 April until 2 Lisboa, under the terms of the the metro was extended from KARLSRUHE. From 5 March November, and Snaefell Mountain memorandum of understanding Batikent to OSB Törekent (15.5km/ the eastern section of route 5 Railway services 11 April to 2 signed with the EU. IRJ 9.6 miles), costing EUR44.5m), to Rintheim was subject to bus November. Outside these dates PORTO. The annual tram parade doubling the length of the line. replacement, while tracks and there are various special events, has been scheduled for 3 May. Fifteen new trains have been stops were rebuilt for low-floor particularly in the run up to M. J. Russell delivered from China by CSR trams (due to be introduced in Christmas. Full details are on the Zhuzhou Electric. The line is now December). Trams remain on Isle of Man Transport website. RUSSIA designated M3, while the light rail the Rheinhafen – Kronenplatz KAZAN. BKM843 1306, the first line is M2. urbanrail.net section of route. KVG ISRAEL of ten more low-floor articulated ISTANBUL. Metro line M2 was POTSDAM. Tatra KT4D trams JERUSALEM. The government trams from Belkommunmash, has extended from Sishane across 123/4, 141/2/6/7, and 162 have has approved plans for a 1.5km entered service on route 5. The the Golden Horn on the Haliç been sold to Szeged in . DS (0.9-mile) tramway extension to same company has also delivered bridge to Yenikapi on 15 February. Giv’at Sha’ul industrial area. BKM62103 bogie tram 1330. The southern section of the M2 HUNGARY E. B. Havens transphoto.ru (Taksim – Yenikapi) is still operated DEBRECEN. The new 7.5km KRASNODAR. The tram fleet has separately from the northern (4.7-mile) tramline 2 was opened been strengthened by the arrival section pending integration of the on 1 March linking the railway AMSTERDAM. The operating of 15 KTM-23 from Ust-Katav, and different signalling systems. station and Doberdó. OR tram fleet at 1 January included five71-407 from Uraltransmash. urbanrail.net 58 eight-axle cars (780/1/4/6/7/94, S. Vasilyev KONYA. The first of 60 Skoda28T INDIA 801/4/5/9/13/5/6, 817-41, 901-20) ST PETERBURG. On 20 February low-floor trams being delivered JAIPUR. The target for the and 155 five-section Combino a Skoda Astra tram arrived at tram to replace the first generation inauguration of metro operation (2001-151, 2201-4). OR depot 7. This is one of the four-axle Düwag trams acquired from Köln is 30 June, between Chandpole DEN HAAG. The 150th low-floor cars that have been in (Cologne) entered passenger and Mansarovar. The 12.1km anniversary of tramway operation service in Ostrava, Czech Republic, service on 19 February. IRJ (7.5-mile) line 1 will be completed will be marked on 5 July with a for a number of years; it will be in 2018 by a 2.3km (1.4-mile) parade of trams, starting from tested on re-gauged bogies for at underground extension from Scheveningen at around 15.00 and least two months. N. Semyonov KOSTIANTYNIVKA. T he Chandpole to Badi Chaupar. RGI leading to Grote Kerk. M. J. Russell section of route 3 along KOCHI. A French loan of ROTTERDAM. O n t h e SWEDEN Novoselovka was closed from EUR180m has been agreed to city tramway, surviving GÖTEBORG. In 2013 trams midday on 10 February due to help finance metro construction 700-series trams are 702/3-6/ carried 120.5m passengers, an 11% reports of unsafe conditions – a 25km (15.5-mile) north-south 9-14/20/3/49/50. The metro’s increase on 2012. On 8 January posed by the overpass structure. elevated line is planned. RGI surviving SG2 cars are 5203/10/2/4/ the turning loop at Bellevue If confirmed, this will have to be KOLKATA (Calcutta). CTC has 7-9/21/34/6/8/9/43/5; 5219/43 are was replaced by a new loop at demolished and replaced. been able to plan the restoration destined for the museum. RGI, OR Nymånegatan. G. Zetterrmark transphoto.ru of tramway operation between Tollygunge and Ballygunge. After NIGERIA SWITZERLAND UNITED ARAB EMIRATES years of inaction, the sewer project PORT HARCOURT. Consultants BASEL. The order for Bombardier DUBAI. Bombardier has been that needs to be completed before working for Rivers monorail have Flexity trams has been increased awarded an AED35m (EUR6.9m) trams can run again is now being issued a request for qualification from 60 to 61 within the overall contract for a monorail between progressed with some urgency. for companies interested in price of CHF255m (EUR210.3m). Concourse 4 and Terminal 1 at CTC hopes to receive INR 90m operating and maintaining the The first two are due for delivery Dubai International Airport. (EUR1.05m) in compensation. 6.5km (four-mile) line. in the autumn. Eighteen trains will be delivered. Times of India A referendum will be held on 18 The National May seeking approval for CHF70m (EUR57.7m) to be spent on the 1.2km (0.75-mile) tramway from BLACKPOOL. Like many parts Badischen Bahnhof to Riehenring of the UK, Blackpool was affected via Erlenstrasse. by storms in early February and Construction has started the tram service as well as other on a new permanent way traffic on the Promenade had to and depot in be suspended at times. However, Münchensteinerstrasse, near damage was confined to some Dreispitz depot. Tages Woche, tram passenger shelters and tram BERN – SOLOTHURN (RBS). services quickly resumed. Be4/8 41/2/5/8 have been scrapped. The heritage tram service will Car 49 is stored at Worblaufen as a operate on a restricted number reserve vehicle. tram of days during 2014, apart from GENEVE LA PLAINE (CFF). during the Illuminations (29 The line voltage will be upgraded August-9 November). Heritage to 25kV ac in July, bringing to an services will be provided on end the operation of the five 1994 Saturdays/Sundays of Bank CFF dc LRVs. tram Holiday weekends, plus Good The first Škoda 28T trams for the Turkish city of Konya have entered ZÜRICH. Cobra tram 3051 has Friday, but not over the May Day passenger service. TDK been painted in a special grey and weekend or on Bank Holiday

174 / APRIL 20143 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org Mondays. They will also run for LONDON (UNDERGROUND). ‘Totally Transport’ on 22 June Conflict between Transport for and ‘ Tram Sunday’ on London management and the 20 July. RMT union is continuing despite EDINBURGH. Daytime testing of the calling off of the second of the new tramway through the city two strikes in February against centre from the end of February. the removal of ticket offices Up until that time trams had only from most Underground stations been seen in the city centre with pending further consultation. overnight testing, daytime testing The RMT has also turned its being confined to the Edinburgh attention to proposals for Park to Airport section. A series of driverless trains, included in the safety videos has been prepared to London Mayor’s plans. inform pedestrians, cyclists, and MANCHESTER. The latest drivers how to interact with the batch of 30 Bombardier M5000 tram system. trams began passenger service at It is not now expected that the the end of January with 3075/6/7 line will open for public use earlier having a revised interior layout than the May target date. based on customer feedback. GLASGOW. Strathclyde The three new trams have Atlanta’s first Siemens S70 tram has arrived at the depot of the city centre Partnership for Transport has eight extra seats, taking the tramway that will open this summer. B. Gray awarded a GBP5.3m (EUR6.4m) total to 60 seats per tram, plus contract for modernisation of St additional handholds for standing as Nexus carries out a review of in February and should begin test Enoch Subway station – one of passengers. The first of this new ticket sales. There are currently running in April. E. B. Havens the busiest stations in Glasgow – batch has allowed withdrawal nine travelshops. BATON ROUGE, LA. Plans have to Graham Construction. Work of the final pair of T68 trams The 175th anniversary of the been unveiled for an 11.8km began in early February. St Enoch (1007/1022) which last ran in North Shields line is to be marked (7.3-mile) tramway on Nicholson will have a new station office and passenger service on 3 February. with events on 1 June. Drive, for USD100m. E. B. Havens travel centre. The revamp includes One T68 (1023) remains operable W E S T M I D L A N D S . CHAPEL HILL–DURHAM, new glass canopies inspired by as the de-icing tram and two T68A Consultation took place in NC. The FTA has given its initial Glasgow’s Kibble Palace and trams (2001/2003) remain, mainly February on the proposed approval to Triangle Transit’s installation of a lift. expected to operate as a pair on the expansion of Midland Metro proposed 27km (17-mile), Work on the concourse and new Bury – Abraham Moss shuttle. to serve more of Birmingham USD 1.3bn, light rail project. platform is to be completed in Extending Metrolink into city centre. As well as providing Work will now continue on advance of the Commonwealth Middleton town centre is just information on the extension planning and the environmental Games (23 July-3 August), with one scheme being considered to New Street station and the process, which should be ready for more complex work to install by Rochdale Council as part proposed onward expansion to final approval in 2016.E. B. Havens the lift and new canopy to begin of its Borough Transport Study. Centenary Square, it also covered DALLAS, TX. It is reported that afterwards. All work is due to be This calls for a feasibility a proposal to extend to Eastside Brookville is behind schedule completed in 2015. study to look at whether it to serve the station on manufacturing the first two LONDON (DOCKLANDS). The would be possible to link intended to be located there. Liberty trams for the Oak Cliff line. Docklands Light Railway has Middleton by building a new Some three alternative routes One report suggests that they may achieved its highest scores for line from Bowker Vale and are being investigated for this licence build the Škoda or Inekon punctuality and performance in into Middleton centre. It also extension, which is likely to leave design rather than develop their its 26-year history. During the first suggests extending the East the new line at the junction of Bull own design. E. B. Havens four-week period of 2014, the line Lancashire Railway from Street and Corporation Street to GALVESTON, TX. A plan to operated 99.77% of its scheduled Heywood to Castleton and provide a through service from the restore the heritage tram service services with a punctuality of providing a platform link to Wolverhampton direction rather suspended since Hurricane Ike in 99.67%. the main Calder Valley line, than Centenary Square. September 2008 has finally been Following a successful trial, which could cost around GBP4m Work is progressing on laying presented to the public. It proposes non-folding bicycles are now (approx. EUR5m). on-street tracks for the extension introducing rubber-tyred ‘trolleys’ permitted on off-peak trains. NOTTINGHAM. Training of new to New Street Station, where a in the short term, with the diesel A trial was conducted from drivers for the extension of the GBP600m (EUR730m) rebuild trams used before the hurricane July 2013, and more than 5000 tramway is now taking place; it has is due for completion next year. restored in late 2015. E. B. Havens cyclists took their bikes on trains. been reported by the Nottingham The GBP128m (EUR156m) HOUSTON, TX. Non-powered Bikes will now be allowed in all Evening Post that services to Clifton project is expected to increase testing of LRVs of the Green (East off-peak periods and at all times and Chilwell will begin on 14 the annual number of Midland End) and Purple (SE) light rail lines at weekends. December with the new Alstom Metro passengers from five to started on 5 February. E. B. Havens LONDON (TRAMLINK). Citadis trams entering service on eight million. The project includes LOS ANGELES, CA. The FTA has Croydon Council has granted the existing lines from June. It is a GBP13m (EUR16m) maintenance agreed USD670m in construction planning consent for a GBP1bn hoped that testing on portions of depot at Wednesbury and a grants for the Downtown (EUR1.2bn) retail development the new lines will begin in May. GBP40m (EUR49m) fleet of Connector light rail line. IRJ in the town centre after the Work has begun to install new trams, which are currently MINNEAPOLIS-ST PAUL, MN. developers agreed a package new tram stop ticket vending being delivered. Driver training on the Central of community benefits as machines and validators that will Proposals to withdraw tram and (Green) light rail line started on part of a planning agreement. allow elimination of ticket sales train free travel from concessionary 24 February, for opening on 14 This provides for the developers to by conductors on board trams. pass holders are not being pursued. June. President Obama visited on invest GBP29.1m (EUR35m) into Conductors are to transfer to Economies have been found 26 February. E. B. Havens Croydon’s transport networks, driving or customer service roles elsewhere, including reductions NEW YORK, NY. A ceremony comprising GBP15m (EUR18m) without redundancies. through staffing at Centro’s was held at the new 34th St/ for trams, GBP10m (EUR12m) TYNE AND WEAR. T he head office. Hudson Yards subway station on for additional bus services, and provision of new ticket machines 20 December to mark the first test GBP2.5m (EUR3m) for highway and smartcard ticketing will USA train on the 2.4km (1.5-mile) line improvements. Another GBP1.6m result in the closure of a number ATLANTA, GA. The first two 7 extension from Times Square. (EUR1.9m) has been allocated for of travelshops. Union leaders say Siemens S70 trams for the city The USD2.4bn project should sustainable transport. they are hopeful jobs can be saved centre line (1001/2) were delivered open this summer. ERA

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 175 Worldwide Review

supplement the Flexity fleet during preservation after 12 years in store busy periods, but little used. in Hoboken. E. B. Havens Car 167 is expected to be SEATON (UK). The company is to launched in Blackpool on 25 move two trams by road to allow a May, following its transfer Colyton to Colyford service after from Beamish after the Easter a section of trackbed was washed weekend. Car 711 will operate away south of Colyford station. at Crich and will be available The damage, over a roughly half- for the ‘Electric 50’ event mile (0.8km) section – took place in September, as well as Crich’s on 14 February, the same day ‘Ultimate Tram Driving Riverside Depot was flooded by Experience’. water from the River Axe. In a joint venture between the Complete-line services are NTM and Blackpool Transport suspended until further notice. Services, the project to overhaul The Tramstop Café and gift Blackpool & Fleetwood Box 40 shop at Colyton will remain open has begun. Its body is being during the advertised service. overhauled at Rigby Road with the WEHMINGEN (DE). 6-8 February saw Portland, Oregon, receive its heaviest snowfall for two trucks at Crich for overhaul. The Hannoversche Strassenbahn decades. The kept running as shown by this scene of a pair of The comprehensive overhaul Museum opens for the season Siemens S70 trams on The Mall in the city centre. S. J. Morgan of Sheffield 510 is nearing on 6 April on Sundays and NEW YORK – NEW JERSEY primarily a tourist service. completion with an expected Holidays 11.00-17.00. Bus 390 (PATH). The first platform at the However the idea has generated return to service on 17 May at a provides a connection from new World Trade Center station opposition from local residents ‘Best of Sheffield’ event. The tram Gleidingen stop on Stadtbahn was opened on 26 February. who use the line as part of their has already been tested on the line 1, or bus 330 from line 6 The WTC station will be closed public transport network. line, but requires completion of at Kronsborg. The museum is at weekends until early 2015 to E. B. Havens its internal fixtures and fittings. fundraising to bring prototype permit installation and testing of SEATTLE, WA. Pacifica Marine, Dr Mike Galer joins Crich in LRV 601 back from Edmonton new signalling. E. B. Havens assembling the Czech-built early April as the new General in Canada. HSM NORFOLK, VA. The Inekon trams for the new First Manager. He joins from Derby WIRRAL (UK). Ti mes of state budget for the coming year Hill Streetcar line, has reported Museums Trust. tramway operation have been includes USD10m towards the manufacturing delays. E. B. Havens DARMSTADT (DE). Open days amended to better connect with extension of line TACOMA, WA. The city council at Kranichstein museum tram leisure cruises provided by Mersey to the Naval Station. E. B. Havens has requested Sound Transit depot are scheduled for 29 May . The tramway remains open ORLANDO, FL. The SunRail to proceed with the 3.7km and 1 June, with heritage trams atweekends, as well as on Bank diesel commuter rail will have (2.3-mile) extension of the city providing a link from Hbf. AHH Holidays. During school holidays, a soft opening on 15 April; full centre tramway along North DUNDEE (UK). Former Dundee including half terms, the tramway services run 1 May. E. B. Havens 1st St, Division Ave. and Martin horse tram 24, which had been is open Wednesday-Sunday. PORTLAND, OR. The city Luther King Jr Way to Hilltop, at used as a summerhouse in a On all operating days the first council has decided to order a USD150m. E. B. Havens Perth garden, has been removed tram is now at 12.40 from sixth tram from United Streetcar, TUCSON, AZ. The fourth tram to Dundee Transport Museum Taylor Street and 12.55 costing USD2.3m, rather than from United Streetcar arrived on to be restored for the collection. from Woodside, with the last the option price of USD3.5m, 3 February, with the fifth expected The tram is believed to date tram leaving Woodside at as part of the liquidated damages in March. The city would like to from 1887 and is considered 16.25. A 30-minute headway is settlement negotiated for the late start services on 25 July, even internally remarkably complete, normally provided between these delivery of the first five cars. though not all eight trams will having been in the garden for at times but may be increased subject to E. B. Havens have arrived by then. E. B. Havens least 80 and probably 100 years. demand. The timetable is subject SACRAMENTO, CA. WASHINGTON, DC. T he The museum intends to fully to amendment if ferry times The Sacramento Kings basketball Mayor’s prediction that passengers restore the tram. are altered. franchise has agreed to contribute would be riding trams on H St in EAST HAVEN, CT (US). The USD599 000 towards the city February proved too optimistic, Shore Line Trolley Museum has CONTRIBUTORS centre tramway as environmental although the first of the United acquired three derelict PCC cars Worldwide items should be sent to mitigation for its new Downtown Streetcar trams was delivered from the failed heritage tramway Worldwide Editor Michael Taplin Plaza arena. E. B. Havens during the month. proposal at Red Hook, Brooklyn, at Flat 1, 10 Hope Road, Shanklin, ST. PETERSBURG, FL. The FTA has approved a NY, two Boston picture window Isle of Wight PO37 6EA, UK – A November referendum will seek USD1.9bn federal loan for the cars built by Pullman Standard, Fax: +44 (0)1983 862810 or approval for a 1% sales tax increase metro extension to Washington and a Shaker Heights car built by e-mail: [email protected]. to raise funds for the construction Dulles Airport. The first section, St Louis for Minneapolis – St Paul. UK and Ireland items are welcomed of a light rail line. E. B. Havens to Tysons Corner, is expected to They will probably be stripped for by the Home News Editor, John SAN DIEGO, CA. Construction open in July. E. B. Havens parts and scrapped. J. Marinoff Symons, 17 Whitmore Avenue, of the Blue line light rail extension WINSTON-SALEM, NC. A city EAST WINDSOR, CT (US). The Werrington, Stoke-on-Trent, ST9 to La Jolla should start in 2015 for council panel has recommended Connecticut Trolley Museum has 0LW, UK. E-mail [email protected] completion in 2018. E. B. Havens the route for a USD180m tramline been awarded a USD5000 grant Acknowledgements are due to SAN FRANCISCO, CA (BART). linking Wake Forest Medical from the United Bank Foundation Birmingham Mail, digitaltram.nl, An out of service train derailed Center and 5th St. E. B. Havens for a new exhibit hall. E. B. Havens DS Drehscheibe Strassenbahn, EA near Concord on 21 February. ROCKHILL FURNACE, PA Eisenbahn Amateur, EB Eisenbahn, The cars had to be lifted out by MUSEUM NEWS (US). On 15 February the Irish Times, IRJ International Rail crane and service east of Pleasant CRICH (UK). Blackpool Balloon Rockhill Trolley Museum returned Journal, Manchester Evening News, Hill was not restored until 23 711 is being loaned to the National its Chicago, North Shore & Metro, MTPS, Nottingham Evening February. San Francisco Chronicle Tramway Museum for operation Milwaukee Electroliner (St Louis, Post, OR Op de Rails, Ottawa Citizen, SAN FRANCISCO, CA (Muni). during the 2014 season, with 1941) (later SEPTA Liberty Liner RI Railway Gazette International, A budget proposal would see the Blackpool ‘Pantograph’ 167 being 803/4) to operation for the first , The Scotsman, fare on line F heritage tramway loaned to Blackpool following time since 1996. E. B. Havens T-2000 Tram 2000, TA Transit increased from USD2 to USD6 its visit to Beamish museum. RUSH, NY (US). 1946 New Australia, TMS, Transphoto.ru, TR (in line with the cable cars), Balloon 711 is one of the Jersey Transit PCC 7 has arrived Today's Railways, TW Trolley Wire, using the argument that it is modified fleet cars intended to at the museum near Rochester for urbanrail.net.

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www.lrta.org for algerian www.tramnews.net lrT developmenT APRIL 2014 N O. 916 africa’s largest country has embarked algiers Skikda on an ambitious metro and tramway Mostaganem Béjaïa Constantine development plan, with four systems in Oran Blida Sétif Batna KEY ALGERIA: LRT’S ROLE IN operation since 2011 and a further 14 due in Sidi Bel abbès Tlemcen Biskra Tébessa lrT systems open the next decade – TAUT gives an overview Djelfa Algiers: Metro/tramway Oran: Tramway Student membership available online only. of algeria’s light rail progress to date. RESHAPING A NATION Constantine: Tramway Béchar Tramways under Ouargla ince the Sudan split in two in 2011, construction Algeria has become the largest Sidi Bel Abbès country by area in Africa (although Mostaganem Sétif not by population, sitting in eighth, with less than 25% of that Tramways to start ofS Nigeria) and has an economy based upon construction in 2014 vast oil and gas reserves that have driven Ouargla comprehensive programmes of infrastructure algeria Batna investment since the turn of the century. Tramway feasiblity The country remains dominated by studies the state, a legacy of its socialist post- Tlemcen faces a number independence development model, and of Béchar around 66% of the 38 million population of short- and Béjaïa live in urbanised areas with some 90% living medium-term Biskra and working along the northern coastal problems including Skikda improving the business Blida Commercial members (12 issues) UK International region. Unemployment remains high as manufacturing and agricultural sectors climate and reducing Djelfa Tébessa have declined as the economy has focused congestion in its major cities.

on the oil, gas, and petrochemical sectors Against a background of continued highway

and industrialisation since the 1960s. development – Algeria’s road networks are the

Attempts to attract private sector involvement most dense on the continent – the transport ministry has also embarked on major urban metro for the capital, Algiers, and tramway and diversify outside a the energy sector have projects in no less than 14 major cities under seen limited success, and the government transit projects using its hydrocarbon revenues, including the development of a the remit of the state-owned Entreprise Metro £54.00 £67.00 d’Alger (EMA), established in 1984.

Urban rail to serve the capital The first scheme to open was the Algiers Metro in October 2011 – the second metro project in Africa after the Egyptian capital, Cairo. Following a troubled history of stop-start construction dating back three decades due to financial and security issues, the first 9.2km (5.7-mile) phase serves a city population of over three million and covers six communes: Bachdjarah, El Magharia, Hussein Dey, El Hamma, Sidi M’Hamed and Alger Centre. It links the Haï el Badr terminus in the southeast, the system’s only ground level station, to Tafourah Grande Poste in the centre with an alignment largely following Commercial members online only (12 issues) £41.50 On the up: Worldwide tram market review the coastline. The first tunnels were excavated by US unveils USD302bn transport bill Algerian firms – encountering geological difficulties and archaeological discoveries along the way. However, the decision was Search is on for London’s new Tube taken early in the 21st Century to speed up arrives the process, and in January 2006 the project Moscow’s rst PESA Foxtrot was relaunched with a EUR380m turnkey ISSN 1460-8324 The city of constantine, about 80km inland from the mediterranean coast, now has a modern tramway that contract for completion of civil works, £4.10 runs on-street in the city with a long segregated southern section that could soon reach the airport and satellite electrical and mechanical systems and fitting 04 town of ali mendjeli. D. Spencer/PMP out awarded to a Siemens-led consortium Le Havre Brussels that included CAF and Vinci Grand Projets. Metro development 9 771460 832036 152 / april 2014 Reconnecting a www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org diverse community plans examined 152-155_TAUT1304_Algeria_NEW.indd 1 Invoices available for Commercial membership only. 10/03/2014 13:49 10/03/2014 12:58

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Dundee’s disappointing decision: Streetcar could deliver value It was extremely disappointing to see Dundee reject the proposal for a low-cost streetcar project, which would undoubtedly bring many benefits to the city. Dundee has characterised a tramway as ‘expensive’ and whilst it will cost more than doing nothing or hoping a bus operator may provide a service, the type of system that has been proposed would not be as costly as those introduced in France or Spain over the last two decades. It could cost less per route kilometre than that in Croydon, London – Britain’s most successful surface tramway. It would certainly not be as costly pro rata as the soon to open Edinburgh tramway. This proposal was dismissed without even seeing a finished proposal, despite significant support. One wonders about the success of inward investment proposals? However, it is not cost that should be the key criterion, but value for money. Here the evidence from many sources is that a well-planned and operated small tramway can boost property sales and rental value within regeneration areas in a way that The proposal for a 4.4km Dundee circulator loop could be delivered generates far more inward investment than the system costs. quickly and effectively for as little as GBP34m, it is argued. Light Rail (UK) Dundee has decided to rely on buses, pointing out the fixed mix with pedestrians in a way that would not be acceptable nature of trams – but we argue that this aspect of the proposal with buses, and they can fit through narrow gaps in a manner is key to its potential success. Developers will be reassured no manually steered vehicle can emulate. that trams will still be there year after year (whereas bus Tramways are proven to attract modal switch (30%-plus) routes are only subject to 28 days’ notice of variation or from cars, while buses do not. The UK Government forecasts removal), meaning they can plan longer-term strategies on a growing urban car traffic; attracting some of this to sound assumption that local public transport will be available. new tramlines will help compensate for over 50 years of The route’s fixed nature is also a reassurance to those who continuous bus patronage decline. do not otherwise use public transport; the ride is reliable, you Starting with a low-cost single line would be a safe option know where it will go and it can even be a fun experience – and give a basis for adding more – a common premise for important when marketing to optional riders. almost every new tramway opened in Europe over the past A simple system such as the one we are proposing can be three decades. A network then becomes a long lasting urban built with minimum interruption to existing infrastructure asset, as continental tramways demonstrate. and services, and the route can be varied within certain Our proposals are not an alternative to what Dundee has at parameters to minimise disruption. present, but an addition to help improve public transport’s As our population ages and climate change leads to more market share and the attractiveness of the city as a place for extreme weather, the calls for short distance travel assistance investment, work, shopping, leisure and culture. Economic will only increase. In bad weather – as is often found in development of this kind is not a zero-sum equation; funding Scotland – an enclosed vehicle will be extremely welcome, decisions must be based on value for money and we believe a even for journeys of 500m, as a ‘pedestrian accelerator’. good case can be made for the sort of investment we propose. In addition an electrically-powered tram has no emissions All we need is the vision and courage to build now, to at the point of use and can make efficient use of renewable help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, create healthy urban energy. Running steel wheels on steel rails also requires less air for our children and grandchildren, and reduce traffic power than rubber tyres on asphalt. Yet it is not only here congestion to make our towns and cities civilised. that trams have the edge – their fixed track allows them to James Harkins, Managing Director, Light Rail (UK)

The true cost of Dublin’s unrealised moot point. After all, if the money isn’t there, cycles on the Docklands Light Railway transport investments surely that’s the end of the story? off-peak was a success and that the measure The news that more than EUR200m already Yet in the end the opportunity cost of not is now permanent. spent could be lost on unrealised transport going ahead stands the chance of being an LCC contributed to the pre-trial testing projects in Dublin (TAUT 915) is sad indeed – even bigger ‘loss’ than the tangible cash that that involved extensive usage of the DLR but the true cost could be much higher still. might now not be recovered. service by volunteers with bikes and How do you value the disadvantages of One more thought is relevant: how many reporting on their experiences. not having the planned new infrastructure, times in the past have we seen infrastructure The drive behind the trial was the London previously clearly considered needed, projects put on ice, never to be revived – or Mayor’s policy to deliver greater use of in terms of lower economic activity or only much, much later? cycling as a mode of transport and to increase regeneration over the longer term? We live in difficult times. the effective use of DLR and other rail After all, transport investment, and Name and address supplied services. The outcome is tangible, with more indeed infrastructure spending generally, than 5000 successful journeys made with a is surely an investment in our future. Docklands cycle success is welcome bicycle on DLR during the five-month trial. Of course in the straitened financial The London Cycling Campaign (LCC), the We hope the success of this scheme will climate many nations including Ireland UK capital’s primary cycle user group, is encourage Transport for London to dust off now find themselves in, this might seem a very pleased to see that the trial of accepting the report commissioned from prominent

178 / APRIL 2013 www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org ordered could have been standard low-floor platforms are needed – just an upgrade of the vehicles and all of the profiled city centre connecting signals. platforms have been completely rebuilt, In spite of all this Transport for Greater apart from Mosley Street which was totally Manchester is proposing tram-trains from removed at great cost, in spite of protests from Marple Rose Hill to the city centre, diverting practically every interested body including all Manchester, Marple, New Mills and other Greater Manchester authorities. Sheffield trains in the process, and still of In the case of the Oldham Loop line course requiring expensive new track to and the Rochdale extension, although the connect the heavy rail system to Metrolink. original line obviously had high platforms One suspects the real reason is that the majority of the stops on this extension are TfGM, like most PTEs, draws a wall round either new or extensively rebuilt. Furthermore its territory because it would be unthinkable the Second City Crossing and Airport for the residents of Cheshire to gain from a extension would also have been much cheaper Manchester initiative! to build, and in the case of the Second City Tony Fawthrop, by e-mail Identical to Croydon’s new trams, the Stadler Crossing more useful stops could have been Variobahn vehicles in Bergen, Norway, already allow included. This leaves just the original Bury Good work… just don’t forget Seattle bicycles on board. Tramlink’s existing Bomabrdier – Altrincham line where the practice used I enjoyed the February issue of TAUT (914) trams are also very similar to those in Koln, Germany, elsewhere could have been used of raising the very much; in particular the good news LCC where cycle carriage is a popular facility. track so that trams approaching use an uphill from Edinburgh and the coverage of specialists in light rail, TTK, in 2007, which the 150th Anniversary of the London recommended a similar trial with Croydon’s “Other UK cities may wish Underground. It was a nice piece on the Tramlink. We note that Tramlink’s new Cincinnati saga also. vehicles are identical to those delivered to to follow DLR’s example, However, in your article on the new Bergen where cycle carriage is permitted. tramways for 2014, you missed an important Other UK cities may also wish to follow which has helped generate one in the US as Seattle’s First Hill Streetcar London’s example, which has helped project will open sometime this year. This is generate revenue for DLR and increased the revenue and increased not an extension, but a separate line, although number of multi-mode journeys. there is considerable interest in connecting it Dr Ashok Sinha, CEO, London Cycling Campaign multi-modal journeys.” with the South Lake Union Streetcar. First Hill is an interesting project as it is More views on the Metrolink debate gradient which helps slow them down and funded by Sound Transit and construction It has been fascinating to read the arguments depart on a downhill gradient which helps is being carried out by the Seattle around low-floor trams for Manchester speed them up – saving electricity. Department of Transportation. Metrolink outlined in TAUT, but as local Yet perhaps a further great opportunity Keep up the good work with the magazine. expert Tony Young has pointed out, when is about to be missed. The UK Government You have one of the most professional of Metrolink was conceived low-floor trams did insisted on an experiment with tram-trains the dozen or so rail and transit journals I read. not exist. Moreover, the original route replaced and chose the Sheffield , Ronald Sheck, Sylvania, Ohio (USA) suburban railways which naturally had high probably the most unsuitable line in the platforms, but strange ‘profiled’ platforms entire country. Even the Department for were built for city centre stops to enable Transport eventually realised its mistake, but disabled citizens to gain level access to trams. in order to save face changed it to Sheffield to However, since phase 1 was built new Rotherham, which will still need new track extensions have opened to Eccles, Media connections and rebuilt stations. City, Ashton-under-Lyne, East Didsbury and Yet there is one obvious candidate for Rochdale, all of which would have been vastly tram-trains in the UK, from Manchester cheaper and probably more user-friendly city centre to Northwich via Knutsford had they had low-floor trams. Had low-floor and Altrincham on which there is a huge trams been ordered for the Eccles extension commuter flow. These commuters either have they could have temporarily connected at to stay on the train and go a long way round Cornbrook with the existing system, which to Manchester via Stockport, or change at could have gradually become wholly low-floor. Altrincham onto Metrolink as great numbers Bear in mind that all the original trams do with through tickets. Yet a rail connection Although construction on Seattle’s First Hill have now been prematurely withdrawn, and already exists at Altrincham between Streetcar is nearly complete, no vehicles have yet the new extensions would have been easier Metrolink and the Mid-Cheshire line, all been received for the line due to open later in 2014. and cheaper to build. All of the new trams platforms are high level so no new track or Courtesy of Seattle DoT

The full list of the year’s meetings and meeting places MEETINGS & EVENTS can also be found at www.lrta.org

MARCH 2014 Saturday 29. Garstang 14.00. Friday 11. Glasgow 19.30. Charlie Thursday 17. Dartford 19.30. Alan Pearce: Delving into the LRTA Thursday 27. Manchester 19.00. Computer technologies in tramway Loarridge: Transport in Colorado. archives. (TLRS) Peter Thompson: Bratislava, modelling. (TLRS) (STTS) Friday 25. Leicester 19.45. Martin Budapest, Milan and the Eccles Saturday 12. Birmingham 14.00. Jenkins annual lecture: More Metrolink line. APRIL 2014 TBA. (LRTA/TLRS) interurbans. (TMS) Saturday 12. Manchester 14.00. Friday 28. Edinburgh 19.30. Tuesday 1. Southampton 19.30. Saturday 26. Beeston 14.00. Andy Open models meeting. (TLRS) Graham Whiteley: From Montpellier Bruce Oliver: British DMU and EMU Lawton: Isle of Man Railways. (TLRS) Monday 14. Liverpool 19.30. Dennis to Paris by tram. liveries since privatisation. (LRTA/SEG) Saturday 26. Garstang 14.00. North Friday 28. Leicester 19.45. Bob Tuesday 8. Leeds 19.00 Richard Gill: An evening of nostalgia. (TLRS) Lancs AGM and trams in Geneva. (TLRS) Bracegirdle and Carl Isgar: Gosselies Buckley: Two centenaries, Attersee Monday 14. Richmond 19.30. John Saturday 26. Taunton 14.00. Bob at last (and more in Belgium). (TMS) and Woltersdorf. Parkin: Blackpool trams. (TLRS) Manders' Europe. (One week later than Saturday 29. Beeston 14.00. Wednesday 9. Brighton (Southwick) Tuesday 15. London 19.00. Geoff usual – 01275 857903 for details.) (TLRS) Modelling. Bring what's on your 19.40. Tony Sullivan and Brian Boddy: Tribe: Tramways of Southern and Monday 28. Wickham 19.30. Wally workbench. (TLRS) Dresden then and now. (TLRS) Eastern France – 2012 Stamper: Irish Railways, Part 2. (TLRS)

www.tramnews.net . www.Irta.org APRIL 2013 / 179 Classic Trams NARROW-GAUGE REVIVAL In Germany’s Bergische Land a rare example of a working narrow-gauge tramway museum line can be found, recreated from the remnants of a vast former network that traversed spectacular scenery. Mike Russell reports. 1

uppertal and the Bergische threading through steeply wooded banks – for the Bergische Kleinbahnen, whilst Hagen Land for many decades but being wholly on reserved track avoided Düwag motor car 323 and trailer 131 are also featured a fascinating issues with operation on the public highway. receiving attention. mixture of transport The process of establishing the Bergische modes. In addition to Museumsbahnen was protracted; following Public services standard-gaugeW tramways laid around the agreement in 1973, improvements were Public access to the museum depot is at valley floor of the River Wupper was an made to the track and infrastructure, Kohlfurther Brücke. Evidence that the line expansive network of metre-gauge lines, and a substation was later acquired from once continued across the Wupper bridge totalling over 250km (155 miles), that once Bremerhaven. A depot site was identified at towards is provided by retention of connected with tramways in towns as far Kohlfurther Brücke and this now features an track on the bridge. Its recent reconstruction away as Essen to the north, Remscheid to the impressive four-road building with workshop has visibly altered the alignment with south, and Solingen to the south-west. facilities. Examples of local rolling stock had the track crossing the public highway into A much-loved metre-gauge rack tramway, initially been acquired by private individuals the museum, and it should be seen as a the Barmer Bergbahn, which opened in and were later brought to Kohlfurth; once reminder of times past rather than presaging 1894 and survived with some original rolling the museum proposal was on a firm footing, a return of tramcars across the bridge. stock until 1959, connected the valley with further cars arrived from elsewhere. In the museum entrance will be found the higher land to the south. The famous Support from surviving regional metre gauge 1656, a 1960 Düwag–built Rheinbahn bogie Schwebebahn, opened in 1901, is arguably tramways led to rolling stock acquisition in trailer, which acts as an entrance kiosk and the region’s most famous feature. the nearby Ruhrgebiet as well as Bergische features a well-stocked tramway bookshop. If all this sounds remarkably disparate, Land vehicles, with cars from Hagen, Passengers boarding at the terminal stop there was good reason. Wuppertal as a unified Essen and Bochum-Gelsenkirchen. Electric within the depot at Kohlfurther Brücke are linear city dates only from 1929. Previously operations started in May 1992, initially treated to a steady climb through the woods the valley settlements consisted of contiguous between Kohlfurth and Friedrichshammer. for approximately 3.2km (two miles). but separate communities, spawning railed Cars from neighbouring tramways soon The line features four stops, though the route transport modes of their own choosing. became the mainstay of the service, including is almost entirely devoid of habitation. The region was served by trams of operators the Hagen Düwag-built Verbandstyp two-axle The line is single-track with no passing loop such as the Barmer Bergbahn, Bergische car 337 of 1957 and contemporary Bochum- until the terminus at Greuel; it terminates at a Kleinbahnen, and Elberfelder Strassenbahn. Gelsenkirchen six-axle Düwag articulated car bucolic spot adjacent to signed walkways, but Not until 1940 were they amalgamated under 275. Today, five cars are in operable condition. this is not the ultimate limit of the museum’s a single entity, Wuppertaler Bahnen AG. Car 105 was built in 1927 by Talbot for the ambitions. It wishes to extend the line by The Bergische Land is particularly Bergische Kleinbahnen; it is today presented one more stop, a distance of around 400m, difficult territory for operators even today; a as Wuppertal 105, for many years being part to Möschenborn, which would give the century ago it presented serious engineering of the Essen heritage fleet. tramway a much greater visible presence and challenges. Metre-gauge was selected for all Pride of place in today’s collection goes probably result in increased ridership. these lines, for the sinuous single tracks with to cars retrieved from exile. A gem is the The museum bookshop and depot are their steep inclines and tortuous curves were metre-gauge Rheinbahn bogie car 107 of open every Saturday, as well as on Sundays unsuited to standard-gauge cars. The terrain 1936, one of a series that operated on routes from May to October, but operating days of the steep-sided valleys constricted main- O and V south of Düsseldorf. The quality of are only on alternate weekends (normally line railway construction and thus tramway its restoration is a tribute to the painstaking the second and fourth weekends of each links were vital to regional development. workmanship of museum volunteers. month) during the season from April to With the establishment of services between Even more impressive is former Barmer October. For details of exact dates readers Wuppertal and Solingen and Remscheid, Bergbahn 94, saved privately in 1966 and are recommended to consult the museum a network of great value was created, and kept at Hückeswagen. This Schöndorff website, www.bmb-wuppertal.de. Service starts remarkably much of it remained intact until car has been beautifully restored to 1928 at 10.40 and continues at approximately the early 1960s. Thereafter a spiral of decline condition and the finish is such that it is quite 30-minute intervals until 17.20; in general set in, until the last lines closed in July 1970. justifiably brought out only in fine weather. two cars are used, passing on the short double- Metre-gauge cars from other German track section adjacent to the depot building. Characterful line tramways unconnected to the Bergische The line connecting Wuppertal with Line 5, linking Wuppertal and Solingen, Land were initially acquired, but space Solingen via Cronenberg and Kohlfurth closed on 3 May 1969, and was the last of the considerations later resulted in these being was built by the Barmer Bergbahn as part characterful single-track lines that permeated passed on elsewhere, enabling a concentration of its network of adhesion lines. As the last the hilly Bergische landscape. Nothing like of local exhibits. Rastatt-built Verbandstyp substantial link in the Bergische narrow- it existed anywhere else in Germany, and so works car 406 from Freiburg-im-Breisgau, gauge tramway chain, a ceremonial opening the enthusiast movement resolved to save however, was accepted as a useful addition to was planned for 4 August 1914. To the a section as a working memorial. The part the works fleet, which also includes a former promoters’ chagrin, this date coincided with which lay wholly within the Wuppertal Bogestra railgrinder (610), Wuppertal tower- the outbreak of World War One, leaving municipal boundary, between Cronenberg wagon car 628 and Bogestra works car 683, this engineering miracle to open without and Kohlfurth, was identified as being built in 1951 by Credé as passenger car 183. ceremony. The Bergische Museumsbahnen the most suitable. It not only included the Several cars await restoration. In the is planning festivities of its own to mark the topographical features that characterised workshop currently is 159, one of the centenary in August, representing belated the network – curvaceous single tracks impressive bogie cars built in 1925 by MAN recompense for 1914.

180 / APRIL 2014 www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org 1 The most recent completed restoration is Barmer Bergbahn two-axle car 94, built by Schöndorff in 1928 and later part of the amalgamated Wuppertaler Stadtwerke fleet. It is seen at the lower terminus of the line at Kohlfurther Brücke.

2 Wuppertal 105 was originally built by Talbot for the Bergische Kleinbahnen in 1927. After withdrawal in 1970 it formed part of the Essen museum fleet until returning to the BMB. Here it is at the upper terminal loop at Greuel.

3 The classic lines of Rheinbahn bogie car 107, one of 14 similar cars built by Düwag in 1936, are illustrated at Kohlfurther Brücke on 22 June 2003. The attractive scenery has since been obscured by new housing development.

4 Hagen Verbandstyp Düwag car 337 of 1957, very much a last flowering of the two-axle tradition on the Ruhrgebiet 2 metre-gauge tramways, has been a BMB workhorse ever since operation began in 1992. At Kaltenbach it shares the tight space with dog-walkers.

5 Ex-BOGESTRA railgrinder 610, with a body built in 1950 on a truck dating from 1900, stands as a visitor enticement on the stub of track abutting the actual Kohlfurther Brücke on 28 June 1998. The line originally continued over the Wupper on a tortuous alignment into central Solingen.

3 4 6 The first electric tramway in the Bergische Land, and indeed in western Germany, was at Remscheid and opened in July 1893. It is fitting that two examples of its rolling stock are represented at the BMB, though neither is operational. Two-axle car 49 was built by Weyer in 1921 and acquired on closure of the tramway in 1969.

7 After withdrawal, the six Remscheid Westwaggon-built Nachläufer articulated cars were sold to Darmstadt, where they served for more than 20 5 6 years. The last, Remscheid 106 (Darmstadt 66), was repatriated to the Bergische Land in 1992 and is awaiting attention before returning to service.

8 An interesting two-axle specimen awaiting restoration is this Wuppertal driver training car. It was built by MAN in 1918 and delivered to Augsburg, but transferred to the Bergische Kleinbahnen as 128, later passing into the Wuppertaler Stadtwerke fleet.

All photography by Mike Russell 7 8 on 22 September 2013 except where otherwise stated.

www.tramnews.net . www.lrta.org APRIL 2014 / 181 BOOKSHOP Order online from lrta.info/shop – or by post from: LRTA Publications, 31 Ashton Road, Wokingham RG41 1HL Postage & packing – Any UK address: Add 10% (minimum £2.00, maximum £7.50) All addresses outside UK: Add 20% (minimum £4.00, maximum £15.00)

STILL AVAILABLE Charleroi’s trams since 1940 – Coal, Newsteel book and cornfieldsfrom the LRTA

Geoffrey Skelsey & Yves By Geoffrey Skelsey & Yves-Laurent Hansart -Laurent Hansart have put together the story of t he Belgian industrial town of Charleroi ’s two tramways, which were part of one of Europe’s most This wide-ranging book explores the colourful history of the area’s two tramwaysextensive networks. since 1940,

with insight into the political and economic problems which lay behind theirTraditional decline two-axle trams and still ran in the 1970s and then, in a remarkable

partial revival. With images from photographers who knew the networks well,metamorphosis, this partis ofa the unique local network of the celebrated Vicinal national undertaking evolved - with considerable difficulty contribution to transport history. regional light rail system, extended in -2012. into a

A4 softback; 112 pages, with over 200 illustrations in colour and black & whiteThis wide-ranging and book explores the colourful history of the two tramways since numerous maps including a large fold-out plan of the combined STIC/SNCV1940, network with insight into thein political 1969. and economic problems which lay behind their decline and partial revival.

Price: £22.50 – An LRTA publication. Trade rates available to bookshops, librariesSupported by over and 200 outstanding illustrations by photographers who knew the networks well, this is a uniq museums. Contact [email protected] for more details. ue contribution to transport history.

Softback, A4-size, 112 pages with over 300 illustrations in colour and black & white and numerous maps including a l plan of the combined STIC/SNCV arge fold-out network in 1969. Tramways of Metropolitan Middlesex and North London STILL AVAILABLE Order on-line from: lrta.info/shop or by post from: By George Atkins LRTA Publications, 35 High Street, Moulton, Spalding PE12 6QB

£22.50 plus £2.25 postage & packing to a The author brings together personal memories of riding on north before£22.50 plus £4.50 postage & packing to a ny UK address ll addresses outside UK (by Airmail to Europe; surface mail to rest of world the late-1930s trolleybus conversions with a comprehensive history of the Metropolitandispatch to addresses outside Europe – for Airmail , please add £6.75 P&P) Electric Tramways and its predecessors. Evocatively illustrated in black & white with numerous maps and depot layout drawings, the days of horse, steam and electric traction are brought to life. The iconic “Feltham” cars are described, including their subsequent disposal in 1952. A4 softback; 196 pages, fully-illustrated in black & white. Price £28.50 – An LRTA publication. See details above.

Die Rhein-Haardtbahn 100 Jahre auf der Schiene zwischen Rhein und Haardt Skandinavien & Baltikum – Scandinavia & Baltic States

By Holger Blaul & Josef Kaiser

A superb album marking the centenary of the picturesque interurban tramway between Ludwigshafen and Bad Dürkheim. Once operating the longest tramcars in the world, the RHB is now part of the Rhein-Neckar light rail network. German text. A4 hardback, 106 pages, 340 photographs, 156 in colour. Published by proMESSAGE. Price: £28.50

The Tram-Trains of Europe A new regional mobility for Europe By Carles Salmerón i Bosch

A detailed account of every Tram-Train system in mainland Europe. From the pioneering trial in Karlsruhe in 1979 through to the latest developments in France, Germany, Italy, The Netherlands, Portugal and Spain, this is the most comprehensive work on the subject so far. A4 softback, 104 pages, 125 pictures all in colour. Published by Terminus.

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