Security Brief for prepared on: Jul 12, 2021 8:07:21 PM UTC

Security Assessment Rating Security Rating for 3 - Moderate Indonesia:

Sub-Ratings 1 2 3 4 5 Crime 3 Overall Rating: Security Services 4 3 Civil Unrest 4 Terrorism 3 Moderate Kidnapping 2 Geopolitical 3

Security Overview : Overview of Indonesia The main threat to travelers stems from opportunistic crime which is prevalent in Indonesia's main population centers. There is also a localized conflict threat stemming from an armed insurgency in the Papua and West Papua regions, whilst violent incidents resulting from communal and sectarian conflict occasionally occur in other parts of the country. There is an enduring threat of terrorism in Indonesia, despite significant efforts by local authorities to disrupt local extremist groups and in recent years, attacks have targeted major urban centers such as and Surabaya.

Related Advice: General guidelines to protect yourself against terrorism. Related Advice: Recognizing suspicious objects and the threat of hidden explosives while traveling Related Advice: Avoiding and surviving kidnapping situations.

No Current Security Alerts

Other Alerts & Advisories Critical Alerts

Entry/Exit: Indonesia to implement emergency COVID-19 restrictions in Java and Bali July 3- 20. Other measures remain in effect. Incident: COVID-19 restrictions Location(s): Nationwide (map) Time Frame: Indefinite Impact: Entry ban, transport and business disruptions, quarantine measures; possible protests

Summary Officials will implement emergency public activity restrictions (PPKM darurat) and tighten health protocols in Java and Bali amid increased COVID-19 activity, July 3-20. Under the restrictions, all employees in nonessential industries must work from home, while 50 percent of employees in essential industries, such as banking, can work on-site. Administrative departments of essential businesses may only operate with 10-25 percent of staff in an office, depending on the industry. Critical sectors, such as health and food establishments, may operate with full capacity on-site. Shopping malls must close and grocery stores and supermarkets can operate until 20:00 daily at 50-percent capacity. Food establishments may only offer takeaway or delivery services. Authorities have also shut places of worship and tourism sites in the affected areas. Public transport may operate at 70-percent capacity. Air and long-distance bus and train travelers must produce a vaccine card indicating at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Facemasks are mandatory in public areas. Authorities have instructed security forces to enforce the protocols.

The government continues to enforce public activity restrictions (PPKM) in all other provinces through July 20. Officials permit on-site staff at 50-percent in most zones. Shopping centers and food establishments can operate until 17:00 daily at 25-percent capacity; restaurants may offer takeaway or delivery services through 20:00. Authorities categorize localities with the highest COVID-19 activity as red zones. In red zones, authorities prohibit social gatherings and meetings and shut places of worship and tourism sites. Officials also limit on-site employees in nonessential industries to 25 percent. Essential sectors can operate at full capacity nationwide. Intercity travel restrictions remain in place. Individuals must provide a negative result from an PCR test taken within 72 hours of departure or a negative GeNose breathalyzer test result taken at the point of departure for air, sea (except inter-Java routes), and rail travel. Officials will also allow travelers with a negative rapid antigen test result taken within 48 hours before departure for air passengers and 72 hours for rail and maritime travelers. Authorities do not require testing for bus passengers or private vehicles but encourage them before trips. Officials may randomly subject some passengers to tests. Travelers to Bali must show a negative result from an RT-PCR or a rapid antigen test taken within 48 hours of departure. All nonrail domestic travelers must also register on the Health Alert Card (eHAC) mobile application before travel; officials advise travelers to download the PeduliLindungi contact tracing application.

A nationwide public health emergency remains in effect until further notice. While central authorities have instructed local officials nationwide to enact distancing and other protocols, enforcement varies. Locals affected by the pandemic and related controls have protested across Indonesia and may stage further rallies.

Travel Restrictions An entry ban for most foreigners remains in place. The government provides exemptions for high-level state visits and Limited Stay Permit Cardholders, among others. Permitted travelers must present a COVID-19 vaccination certificate, a negative RT-PCR test result within 48 hours of departure and register on the eHAC app. Arrivals from most locations must quarantine for eight days at designated facilities and undergo two COVID-19 tests before release. Exemptions are in place for individuals visiting under the travel corridor arrangement with , Singapore, South Korea and the United Arab Emirates. Authorities continue to ban entry for all noncitizens who have visited India in the past 14 days; it is unclear whether any exemptions are in place. Travelers from India must quarantine at designated premises for 14 days. Officials encourage international travelers to download the PeduliLindungi contact-tracing application.

Advice Follow all official instructions. Abide by national health and safety measures. Reconfirm all travel arrangements. Consider delaying traveling if experiencing symptoms associated with COVID-19, as they may prompt increased scrutiny and delays. Liaise with trusted contacts for further updates and guidance. Maintain contact with your diplomatic representation. Ensure contingency plans account for further disruptive measures or extensions of current restrictions.

Resources State COVID-19 Portal World Health Organization (WHO) PeduliLindungi application eHac application

Alert begins: 07/03/2021 Warning Alerts

Health: Several countries in Southeast Asia continue to report COVID-19 cases through June. Maintain basic health precautions. Incident: COVID-19 transmission Location(s): Southeast Asia (map) Period: May-June 2021 Transmission: Respiratory (coughing, sneezing, speaking)

Summary Several countries and territories continue to report COVID-19 transmission through June 25. The following countries and territories have identified confirmed COVID-19 cases May 28-June 25. Countries are classified by risk of transmission according to the incidence rate over the past four weeks:

Very high risk of transmission

Maldives

High risk of transmission India Nepal Sri Lanka: Timor-Leste

Moderate risk of transmission

Bhutan Indonesia

Low risk of transmission

Bangladesh Myanmar

Background and Analysis COVID-19 is a viral respiratory disease caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Human-to-human transmission does occur, primarily through respiratory droplets from infected individuals or contact with contaminated surfaces or objects. Symptoms occur 1-14 days following exposure (average of 3-7 days). These symptoms typically include fever, fatigue, and dry cough; less common symptoms include headache, diarrhea, loss of taste or smell, reddening of the eyes, skin rash, or discoloration of the fingers or toes. Symptoms may worsen to difficulty breathing, pneumonia, and organ failure - especially in those with underlying, chronic medical conditions. Some infected individuals display no symptoms. Multiple variants of COVID-19 have been identified globally, some of which spread more easily between people. COVID-19 vaccines are being distributed to frontline workers and the elderly in some countries, while other vaccines are in varying stages of development and clinical trials; more data is required to determine the efficacy of vaccines against COVID-19 variants.

Older individuals and people of any age with chronic medical conditions or compromised immunity should consider postponing nonessential travel, including domestic travel, and take special precautions to avoid becoming ill, especially where sustained community transmission of COVID-19 is ongoing. All individuals should monitor their health and limit interactions with others for 14 days after returning from travel.

Advice Emphasize basic health precautions, especially frequent handwashing with soap and water, or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water are unavailable. Practice good coughing/sneezing etiquette (i.e., covering coughs and sneezes with a disposable tissue, maintaining distance from others, and washing hands). There is no evidence that the influenza vaccine, antibiotics, or antiviral medications will prevent this disease; however, several COVID-19 vaccines have been made available and distributed in some countries. Monitor government vaccination schedules, and get a government-approved vaccine when eligible and when it is offered. All individuals, including vaccinated individuals, should continue to prioritize basic health precautions as long-term immunity against COVID-19 is still being investigated.

Resources WHO coronavirus knowledge base WHO: Public health considerations while resuming international travel US CDC: Guidance for Businesses and Workplaces US CDC: Preventing COVID-19 Spread in Communities Mental Health Considerations during COVID-19 Outbreak US CDC: Manage Anxiety and Stress New England Journal of Medicine: COVID Vaccine Frequently Asked Questions Alert begins: 06/25/2021

Flood: Heavy rainfall and possible flooding forecast in Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi provinces, Indonesia, through July 13. Incident: Possible flooding Location(s): Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi provinces (map) Date: Through at least July 13 Impact: Possible localized transport and utility disruptions

Summary Indonesia's Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Council (BMKG) has issued a flooding watch through July 13 for Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi provinces where the heaviest rainfall is forecast. Officials could update and possibly extend the coverage of the relevant weather alerts over the coming days.

Hazardous Conditions The storms may be capable of producing heavy downpours and damaging winds across the affected area through at least July 13. Should sustained heavy rainfall occur, it could trigger flooding in low-lying communities near rivers, streams, and creeks. Urban flooding is also possible in developed areas with easily overwhelmed or a lack of stormwater drainage systems. Sites located downstream from large reservoirs or rivers may be subject to flash flooding after relatively short periods of intense rainfall. Landslides are possible in hilly or mountainous areas, especially where the soil has become saturated by heavy rainfall. Disruptions to electricity and telecommunications services are possible where significant flooding or landslides impact utility networks.

Transport Floodwaters and debris flows could render some bridges, rail networks, or roadways impassable, impacting overland travel around affected areas. Ponding on road surfaces could cause hazardous driving conditions on regional highways. Authorities could temporarily close some low-lying routes that become inundated by floodwaters.

Flooding could block regional rail lines; freight and passenger train delays and cancellations are likely in areas that see heavy rainfall and potential track inundation. Localized business disruptions may occur in low-lying areas; some businesses might not operate at full capacity because of flood damage to facilities, possible evacuations, and some employees' inability to reach work sites.

Advice Monitor local media for weather updates and related advisories. Confirm all transport reservations and business appointments before travel. Make allowances for localized travel delays and potential supply chain disruptions where flooding has been forecast. Do not drive on flooded roads. Charge battery-powered devices in the case of prolonged electricity outages.

Alert begins: 07/12/2021 Informational Alerts

Volcanic Activity: Further volcanic activity possible at Mount Merapi, Central Java Province, Indonesia, through at least late July. Disruptions possible. Incident: Volcanic activity Location(s): Mount Merapi, Central Java Province (map) Time Frame: Indefinite Impact: Possible air and ground transport disruptions, evacuation orders, health concerns

Summary Additional volcanic activity remains possible at Mount Merapi in Central Java Province through at least late July. Authorities have recorded several lava flows and ashfall incidents as well as multiple earthquakes June 25-July 5. Six pyroclastic flows occurred July 8. Mount Merapi remains at alert level 3 on a four-tier scale. Officials continue to recommend against any activity within 5 km (3 miles) of Merapi's crater, warning that lava flows could affect areas within that radius of the mountain's peak. Authorities have also warned residents to avoid rivers originating from the volcano and to be aware of landslides caused by heavy rain in the vicinity of Mount Merapi. Officials may issue evacuation orders if there is increased volcanic activity in the coming days or weeks. The volcano is around 29 km (18 miles) north-northeast of Yogyakarta. Flight disruptions may occur at nearby airports, including Yogyakarta's Adisutjipto International Airport (JOG), if large eruptions occur and produce significant ash clouds. Authorities may impose ground travel restrictions along roads in affected areas, as ash could reduce visibility and make streets slippery. Localized ground traffic disruptions are possible.

Health Volcanic activity may impact air quality in the areas of Central Java surrounding Mount Merapi. Air quality could become a concern, particularly in areas near the crater, following any explosive event. Individuals in the region - especially those with underlying pulmonary conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or lung cancer - may experience difficulty breathing and could suffer from lower tolerance to physical exertion.

Advice In the event of eruptions, contact airlines for updated flight information; confirm flights before checking out of hotels or driving to the airport. Avoid areas with heavy ash accumulations. If operating in areas affected by an ash cloud, consider remaining indoors in air-conditioned facilities when possible. Those who must be outdoors should use protective face coverings and observe other precautions to avoid ash inhalation. Drive defensively; seek updated information on road conditions before driving or routing shipments through areas close to the volcano. Follow official instructions.

Resources MAGMA Indonesia Center for Research and Development of Geological Disaster Technology (BPPTKG) Twitter page (Indonesian)

Alert begins: 07/09/2021

Security Intelligence

SECURITY

Armed Conflict: Armed Conflict - Indonesia

The main conflict threat in Indonesia is in Papua and West Papua provinces, where a number of armed groups, notably the Free Papua Movement (OPM) continue to wage a low-level insurgency to protest their perceived marginalization by the Indonesian state. Cement groups. Common targets are security personnel and installations as well as local officials. However, foreign mining companies have also been attacked with regularity due to allegations of unfair royalty sharing as well as abuses against host communities and the environment. In addition, some of these armed groups have been accused of resorting to criminal activities, including banditry and extortion.

A similar insurgency affected Aceh province for almost three decades, though a peace agreement between the authorities and the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in 2005 ended the conflict and has significantly reduced the threat level.

In addition, sectarian and communal violence continues to affect the security landscape of several provinces, including Aceh, North Sumatra, and Central Java provinces. There has been a notable increase in violent attacks on religious minorities in recent years, driven in part by the greater sway of Islamist fundamentalists in the country. Human rights groups have also said that local authorities and the police force have failed to curb sectarian and communal violence.

Civil Unrest: The threat of civil unrest in Indonesia is high

Localized or nationwide protests occur with regularity in urban centers and major administrative centers, although the frequency of smaller-scale demonstrations is higher than major rallies. In Jakarta, protests are usually held near the Presidential Palace, the Hotel Indonesia circle, the National Monument, the House of Representatives, and foreign embassies. The majority of demonstrations only result in localized traffic disruptions, although the risk of violence is high when police are ordered to move in and forcibly break up the mobilisations. Acts of vandalism targeting public and private properties during mobilisations are also possible, although such unruly actions are usually associated with radical groups. Common triggers in recent years have included socio-economic concerns, notably increases in the cost of living, corruption, and local domestic issues, as well as unpopular government policies, such as the removal of state subsidies.

Similarly, localized and nationwide strike actions are observed with regularity, although their frequency is lower than street demonstrations. A highly collectivized workforce allows employees to use work stoppages to denounce various labor-related grievances as well as a bargaining tool to achieve demands.

Contacts and Communication: Emergency numbers and embassy contacts in Indonesia Familiarize yourself with the location and contact details of other foreign embassies in case your country's embassy closes due to an emergency or some other unexpected circumstances. Another embassy can often provide assistance in such cases.

Emergency contact numbers for Indonesia:

POLICE 110 FIRE 113 AMBULANCE 118 Contact information for select embassies in Indonesia:

If you are calling from outside Indonesia, dial +62 first.

Australia - Embassy Chinese - Embassy

Jalan H.R. Rasuna JL. Mega Kuningan No. 2 Said Kav. C 15-16 Jakarta Selatan Jakarta Selatan Phone: +62 21.5761.039 Phone: +62 11.4139.9900 Fax: +62 21.5761.037 Fax: +62 11.2688.5199 http://id.china-embassy.org www.indonesia.embassy.gov.au India - Embassy Japan - Embassy

7, Rue de l'Ile de Rhodes Rumah Maduma Les Jardins de Lac II Jl. Dr. Saharjo No. 52 Jakarta 12950 Jakarta Pusat 10350 Phone: +62 21.5204.150 Phone: +62 31.5030.008 Fax: +62 21.5204.160 Fax: +62 31.5030.007 www.indianembassyjakarta.com/ www.id.emb-japan.go.jp United Kingdom - Embassy United States - Embassy

Jalan M H Thamrin 75 Jl. Merdeka Selatan No. 5 Jakarta 12950 Jakarta Phone: +62 21.3156.264 Phone: +62 33.2245.000 Fax: +62 21.3926.263 Fax: +62 33.5051.862 www.gov.uk/government/world/indonesia http://jakarta.usembassy.gov

Crime: Crime generally poses a moderate threat in the Indonesia

Criminal activity in Indonesia poses a serious concern to both local and foreign nationals. The main threat for foreigners, however, stems from petty and opportunistic crime, such as pickpocketing, purse-snatching and mugging, with thieves targeting wallets and electronic gadgets. Some criminals are known to work in a group and are armed with bladed weapons or firearms. It should be noted that the frequency of theft is higher in crowded areas and low-income communities of urban centers, notably Jakarta and Surabaya, and there is usually an uptick of such criminal activities in the lead-up to the holy month of Ramadan. Robbery can occur at any time of the day, although the risk is higher at night and in areas with low pedestrian traffic. Incidents of robbery can also take place in taxis, notably in Jakarta and popular tourist destinations, and on public transport, including intercity busses. Credit card fraud and currency exchange scams are also prevalent in major tourist destinations, including Bali.

Violent crime targeting foreigners is rare, although there have been sporadic incidents of tourists and expatriates being victimized in muggings and armed robberies. Assaults and brawls have also been known to occur in the vicinity of nightclubs and bars, fuelled by alcohol consumption.

Related Advice: Protecting yourself from carjacking and reacting when it happens. Related Advice: Strategies for reducing the risk of becoming a victim of LGBT hate crime.

Geopolitical: The geopolitical threat in Indonesia is moderate Indonesia has a stable political regime and there are no major threats to the current Joko Widodo government. However, high levels of corruption in the public sector and weak rule of law also remain enduring problems.

Kidnapping/Hostage Situation: The threat of kidnapping in Indonesia is low

Kidnapping

The threat of kidnapping in Indonesia is low. Kidnappers are more likely to target locals, although foreigners are occasionally affected. The threat of kidnapping is higher in the provinces of Papua and West Papua due to civil unrest and armed insurgency. Philippines-based Abu Sayyaf Group militants have staged kidnappings near the maritime border between East Kalimantan and Malaysia's Sabah State. The most common types of abduction in Indonesia include basic opportunistic kidnap-for-ransom, high net worth individual kidnap-for-ransom, and political kidnapping. Depending on the motive for the kidnapping, victims could face the threat of injury or death during confinement or may be held for long periods without any guarantee of safe release.

Related Advice: Increasing your chances of survival in a kidnapping/hostage situation Related Advice: Avoiding and surviving kidnapping situations.

Security Services: Security services generally poses a high threat in Indonesia

Security Services

The capabilities and responsiveness of security services in Indonesia are generally poor (risk is high). While Indonesia has a number of security forces, the Traffic Police Corps and the Sabhara are likely to be the most relevant for local staff and resident foreign nationals. Additionally, the Tourism Police is likely to be relevant for foreign nationals. Some police commands have foreign language-speaking officers, especially in Jakarta and Bali, but most personnel are unable to speak foreign languages. Corruption and indiscipline are present in Indonesian security forces, but have declined considerably, and violent confrontations with demonstrators have become uncommon outside persistent trouble spots such as Papua Province. In Indonesia, foreign nationals should always contact their diplomatic mission, in addition to security forces.

Terrorism: Terrorism generally poses a moderate threat in Indonesia

Terrorism continues to undermine Indonesia's security environment. Although authorities have made significant progress in weakening Islamist extremist groups, militant elements remain intent and capable of staging deadly attacks. In recent years, the main threat actors have been small militant cells often operating almost autonomously of each other, in contrast to the structured and hierarchical nature of organizations such as the Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and Jemaah Ansharut Tauhid (JAT), which were responsible for the majority of attacks in the 2000s. The current cells are also believed to receive the assistance of Indonesian militants associated with the Islamic State (IS) and/or returning from Middle Eastern conflict theaters.

Since the 2009 bombings at the Ritz-Carlton and Marriott hotels in Jakarta, the targets of terrorist groups have shifted away from Westerners to local security forces and religious officials, who have been repeatedly struck in mostly low-intensity attacks such as mail bombs and hit-and-run raids. In October 2019, two IS-inspired attackers wounded the Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs and a policeman in Pandeglang. However, there have also been more high-profile, one-off attacks targeting major urban centers. In January 2016, gunmen launched a brazen assault in Jakarta's central business district, killing several people in an area frequented by affluent locals and foreigners alike, in what was the capital's first major attack in seven years. The incident was subsequently claimed by IS. In May 2018, more than a dozen people were killed in coordinated suicide bombings on three churches and a police station in the country's second biggest city, Surabaya. Subsequent reports that the attacks had been perpetrated by members of two families, an unprecedented tactic in the country's and Southeast Asia's terrorist landscape, have fuelled fears of copycat bombings elsewhere. In November 2019, a suicide bomber from Jamaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD) disguised as a motorcycle taxi driver detonated his bomb vest within the grounds of the police headquarters in Medan, killing himself and wounding four police personnel and two civilians. Recent incidents include the suicide bombing outside a church of Makassar, South Sulawesi Province, and a gunman attack at the National Police headquarters (Mabes Polri) in Jakarta in early 2021. The government in response has passed legislation to expand the powers of the police in apprehending and detaining potential suspects.

Related Advice: Recognizing suspicious objects and the threat of hidden explosives while traveling Related Advice: General guidelines to protect yourself against terrorism.

Overview of Indonesia

The Republic of Indonesia is a transcontinental nation and archipelago in Southeast Asia. It is the world's largest Muslim-majority country and the fourth most populous. It has seen significant economic and political development since the end of authoritarian rule in the late 1990s and is now the largest economy in the region. Growth has been primarily driven by its extractive and agricultural sectors, although corruption, weak rule of law, and sectarian friction remain major obstacles to the country's continued development.

Opportunistic crime is the primary threat to travelers. Terrorism remains an enduring concern despite considerable efforts by authorities to reduce the threat posed by extremist groups over the past decade. In addition, the country has an active protest culture and strong unionization levels, resulting in regular bouts of civil and labor unrest that can cause significant disruptions.

Several parts of Indonesia are susceptible to powerful earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, while much of the country is vulnerable to flooding during the monsoon season. Access to healthcare is limited outside of major urban centers, and the proliferation of counterfeit drugs is a concern.

Indonesia is currently experiencing an outbreak of COVID-19, with the highest number of cases in Southeast Asia. The central government's move to hastily resume economic activities, instead of maintaining stricter protocols, may have caused the number of infections to remain at high levels. Containment also varies between regions, depending on the effectiveness of restrictions implemented by local authorities. Weather, Currency Exchange

INDONESIA WEATHER CURRENCY EXCHANGE

Jakarta Halim Perdanakusuma: CURRENCY 1 Indonesian 1 US Dollar 1 Euro = Jul 13 Jul 14 Jul 15 Jul 16 Jul 17 NAMES Rupiah = = Euro 1.0000 0.0001 0.8423 High: High: High: High: High: Indonesian 17,240.1027 1.0000 14,521.5281 89° F 86° F 88° F 89° F 88° F Rupiah (31° C) (30° C) (31° C) (31° C) (31° C) US Dollar 1.1872 0.0001 1.0000 Low: 76° Low: 75° Low: 76° Low: 76° Low: 76° F (24° F (23° F (24° F (24° F (24° C) C) C) C) C)

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