CHARLES NICHOLL Leonardo The Flights of the Mind

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ALLEN LANE an imprint of PENGUIN BOOKS Contents

Author's Note Xlll Introduction: The Cooling of the Soup I j PART ONE Childhood: 1452-1466

Birth 17 The da Vinci 21 Caterina 26 'My first memory ... ' 30 At the Mill "- 37 Speaking with Animals 42 The ' of the Snow' 47 Education 53

PART TWO Apprenticeship: 1466-1477

The City 61 Men 68 Andrea's Bottega 72 Learning the Trade 77 Spectaculars 90 On the Lantern 94 First Paintings 98 The Dragon I04 Ginevra I07 The Saltarelli Affair Iq 'Companions in Pistoia' 124

IX CONTENTS

PART THREE Independence: 1477-1482

Leonardo's Studio 13 1 The Hanged Man 13 8 Zoroastro 141 The Technologist 145 'Poets in a Hurry' 151 The Musician 155 St Jerome and the Lion 160 The Gardens of the Medici 165 The Adoration 168 Leaving 176 J

PART FOUR New Horizons: 1482-1490

Milan 185 Expatriates and Artists 193 The 196 Ways of Escape 201 The First Notebooks 209 Tall Tales, Small Puzzles 216 Architectural Projects 222 The Moor's Mistress 226 The Milanese Studio 23 2 The Anatomist 240 The Sforza Horse 24 8 At the Carte Vecchia 251

PART FIVE At Court: 1490-1499

Theatricals 257 'Of shadow and light' 264 Little Devil 269 Hunting Bears 276 Casting the Horse 280

x CONTENTS , 'Caterina came ... 28 5 Echoes of War 288 The Making of the Last Supper 29 2 The 'Academy' 30 3 Leonardo's Garden 31 2 'Sell what you cannot take .. .' 319

PART SIX On the Move: 1500-1506

Mantua and Venice 325 Back in 331 The Insistent Marchioness 33 6 Borgia 34 2 J Autumn in Imola 349 A Letter to the Sultan 353 Moving the River 35 6 Mistress Lisa 36I The Fresco (I) 37I 376 A Death and a Journey 383 The Anghiari Fresco (11) 389 The Spirit of the Bird 394

PART SEVEN Return to : 1506-1513

The Governor 40 3 'Good day, Master Francesco .. .' 4IO Brothers at War 4I2 Dissections 4I8 Back in the Studio 423 The World and Its Waters 43 I Fetes Milanaises 434 La Cremona 43 8 The 'Medical Schools' 443 Chez Melzi 446 Portrait of the Artist at Sixty 449

Xl CONTENTS

PART EIGHT Last Years: 1513-1519

Heading South 457 At the Belvedere 462 The Baptist and the 466 The Deluge 474 Sickness, Deception, Mirrors 477 Last Visit to Florence 483 Maistre Lyenard 486 The Cardinal Calls 489 'Night was chased away' 493 The Great Sea 498

Notes 50 3 Sources 568 Illustrations 581 Index 593

Xli INDEX

Pages includ,ing relevant illustrations are shown in italic.

Aas bridge 355-6 Amboise 486-93,502 Accattabriga see Buti, Antonio Amboise, Charles d' 403, 404-8, 413, Adda river 446, 448-9 414,434,446 Adda, Count Girolamo d' 214 Amboise, Georges d' 398 Adige river 433 Ammirato, Scipione 141-2, 144, 145, Aelius Donatus 214 383 Aesop 42,215,221 Amoretti, Carlo 159, 231,439 Africa 2I6-17 Anchiano 18-20, 21, 28, 29 Agnadello, Battle of 435 Andrea da Ferrara, Giacomo 271-2, Agnolo, Baccio d' 332 30 7,330 Alamanni, Pietro 248, 249 Angelico, Fra 71, 100, 296 Alberti, Leon Battista 55,69-72,76, Anonimo Gaddiano 10 127,161,163,176,202,221,463 on Anghiari fresco 378, 392 Leonardo and 69, 71,149-50,221, on Ginevra portrait 107 223,224 on Leonardo as musician 155 Albizzi, Alessandro degli 357-8 on Leonardo's appearance 10, I I, Albizzi, Antonfrancesco degli 457 70,126,356 Alciato, Andrea 435 on Leonardo's departure to Milan Alessandro (model) 296 177 Alexander VI, Pope 342, 353, 354 on Leonardo's mother 27 Alfei, Giacomo 440-41 on Leonardo's quarrel with Alfonso, King of Naples 290 Michelangelo 379-80 Almedina, Fernando Yafiez de la on Lorenzo de' Medici 165-7 (Ferrando Spagnolo) 389,469 on lost Adam and Eve and Alps 277-80, 417 104-5 Amadori, Albiera di Giovanni on Tommaso Masini 141 (Leonardo's stepmother) 26, 28, on 367 33,36,61,104,459-60 omits Leda 396 Amadori, Alessandro (Leonardo's on Vision of St Bernard project uncle) 62, 104,375,459-60 133

593 INDEX

Antiquarie prospetiche Romane on Last Supper 292-3, 299, 300, (anon. poem) 308-10, 387 302,372 Antonio da Bologna 489 Bandinelli, Baccio 117,469 Apelles 474 Barbari, Jacopo de' 303-4 Apennines see Romagna Barberino, Andrea da 387 Apollinaire, Guillaume 369 Barcelon, Pinin Brambilla 302 Appiano, Jacopo d' 388 Baroncelli, Bernardo di Bandino Aquila, Battista dell' 466 13 8-40 Aquilino, Serafino 152, 158 Bascape, Gualtiero 289, 300, 316 Arabic science 68 Basle, St John by follower of Leonardo Archimedes 148, 149, 210, 21 3, 345, 469 480 Bastiano 465 Aretino, Pietro 152, 250, 440 Baudelaire, Charles 368 Arezzo 339, 345, 360, 372 Bayonne 289 Argyropoulos, Joannes 68,149 Bazzi, Giovanni ('11 Sodoma') 235 Arigo (assistant) 319 Beatis, Antonio de 302, 365, 367, Aristotle/Aristotelianism 68,113,149, 467,477,485,488,49°-92 24°,242-3,265,3°8,417,419, Beck, J ames 171 481-3,499 Bejazet, Sultan 353-4 Arno river and valley 57, 345,475 Bella, Stefano della 435 canalization schemes 125,357-60, Bellincioni, Bernardo 152, 154, 385 177-8,195,226,228-9,230, Arrigo di Giovanni Tedesco 20 23 2,257-8,440 Arrigoni, Simone 409 ... Bellini, Giovanni 174, 230, 326 Arte dei Medici, Speziali e Mercai 84, Beltrami, Luca 313-14, 318 99 Bembo, Bernardo 110-13, 114, 145, Arundel, Earl of 5 366 Ashburnham, Baron 209 Benci family 104, 109, 113, 145, 165, Astrakhan 13 5 169 Atalante see Migliorotti, Atalante di Benci, Ginevra de' 107-14, 238, 366, Manetto PI. 6 Atellani family 314-15, 457 Benedetto (assistant) 299 Attavante di Gabriello 356, 378 Benedetto de I' Abaco (Benedetto Attila flagellum dei 387 Arithmeticus) 148 Aubigny, Stuart d' 322 Benivieni, Antonio 241 Auton, Jean d' 409 Benois, Leon 135 Avicenna 433 Bentivoglio, Giovanni 131-2 Berenson, Bernard 134, 369 Babbitt, Isaac 284 Bergamo, version of 'Nude Gioconda' Bacon, Roger 488 44 1 - 2 Baiedo 409 Bergognone,1I (Ambrogio da Fossano) Bandello, Matteo 227, 230, 252, 301, 195 489 Bernazzano 429

594 INDEX

Biagio, Rafaello di 390 Bramantino see Suardi, Bartolomeo Bibbiena, Cardinal 153 Bramly, Serge 48,51,236,4°4, 4II Billi, Antonio 10, 27,107,199,392 Brandano, Pacifica 363, 365 Bisticci, Vespasiano da 214 Brianza, La 447 black people in 216-17 Bronzino, Agnolo 462 Blois 492 Brown, David A. 100 Boccaccio, Giovanni 222 Brunelleschi, Filippo 57, 69, 72,92, Boissif, Artus 486 94-8,359 Bologna 485-6 Brunelleschi, Ghigo 387 Boltraffio, Giovanni Antonio 134, Buchi, Benedetto 371 233-4,238-40,257-8,271, Bugati, Girolamo 300 273-4,30 7,411,458 Buonaccorsi, Biagio 359 Bona of Savoy, Duchess of Milan 93, Burchiello, 11 (Domenico di Giovanni) 190 15 1- 2 Bonate, Leonardo 403 Burckhardt, Jacob 68, 70 Bonasana, Marquises of 231 Buriano 339, 345, 363 i Borghini, Vincenzo 146 Busti, Bernardino de' 403 Borgia family 342-3 Buti family (Leonardo's half-brothers Borgia, Cesare ('11 Valentino') 290, and -sisters) 28-3°,33 321- 2 ,342 -53 Buti, Antonio ('Accattabriga', Borgia, Lucrezia 342, 364 Leonardo's stepfather) 27-30, Borsieri, Geralomo 306 51,57 Bossi, Giuseppe 439-43 Buti, Caterina (Leonardo's mother) Botro, 11387, 414 26-3°,33,41,52-3,136, Botta, Bergonzio 321, 330 285-7,33 1 Botti family 135 Butinone, Bernardino 196 Botticelli, Sandro 71, 72, 85-6, 102, Byzantium, scholars from 68,149 112,117,139,14°, 167,331 Adoration of the Magi 86,170, Cako, Bartolomeo 195, 230 176 Cammelli, Antonio ('11 Pistoiese') 125, 85, 100 151-5,158,160,178-80,215 Divine Comedy illustrations Campana, Giulia 489 n8-1 9 Campo Zeppi 28-30, 38,52 Leonardo and 85, II8, 134, 165, Canigiani, Bernardo di Simone I I 3 176, 267 Caparra 146 Botticini, Francesco 88 Caprotti, Giacomo ('Salai') 269-76, Braccesi, Alessandro 109, 110, III 299,337,347,366-7,39°,412, Bracciolini, Poggio 215, 222 414,423,424,458,496,498 Bramante, Donato 195, 220, 223, appearance 116, 272, 273-5, 450, 293,3°6,310,387,463-4,484 471 frescos 11,310-12 as artist 367, 441, 469 and Leonardo 195, 202, 224, 306, character and misdeeds 234, 309,335 270-72,4II

595 INDEX

Caprotti, Giacomo - cont. Chiaravalle 224 and Leonardo's house in Milan 276, Chiavenna valley 279 313,424,446,486 Cianchi, Renzo 387 and Leonardo's will 272, 276,486, Ciardi, Roberto Paolo 439 499 Cimabue 55, 174 nickname 215, 270 Cintio, Giambattista Geraldi 298 parents 269-70, 272 Cione family 73,103 payments/gifts from Leonardo 271, see also Verrocchio, Andrea del 275-6,319,437,496 Civitavecchia 484 portraits of (?) 273-5 Clan ton, Jimmy 370 relationship with Leonardo 272, Cl ark, Sir Kenneth (Baron): 275-6,498 on drawing of old man 451 Caracciolo, Fra Roberto 101 on drawings of boys 273 , Michelangelo Merisi da on grotesques 263 105,440,472 on horse studies 249 Cardano, Fazio 319 on Last Supper 302 Cardano, Girolamo 252, 319, 395 on Leonardo's curiosity 7 Carpaccio, Vittore 229 on Litta Madonna 133, 198 Carraia del Ferro 447 on 102 Casio, Girolamo 233, 238 on rebuses 218 Casola, Nicola da 387 on Verrocchio 72 Castagno, Andrea del 71, 296 on Virgin of the Rocks 198 Caste I del Rio 355 Clayton, Martin 263 Castiglione, Baldassare 259, 4€1, 464 Clement VII, Pope 102 Castiglione, Cristofano da 296 Cl os Luce see Cloux Castiglione, Sabba 331 Cloux (Clos Luce) 487-93, 496-8 Castracani, Castruccio 22 see Leonardo Cattanei, Giovanna or Vannozza 342 (writings and manuscripts) Cattanei, Simonetta II2, 134, 194 Codex Huygens 5, 245 Cellini, Benvenuto 117, 157,463, see Leonardo 486-7 (writings and manuscripts) Cellini, Giovanni di Andrea 358, 378 53, 213-14, 386 Cennini, Cennino 77,83,84,266 Codex Urbinas 5,434 see Sesto Cole, NatKing 361, 370 Cesariano, Cesare 219, 309 Compagnia di San Luca 98-9 Cesena 5, 346-7, 352-3 Condivi, Ascanio 355 Charles I, King of England 4 Confraternity of the Immaculate Charles V, King of Spain 489 Conception 197-9,201,403, Charles VIII, King of France 64, 290, 409-10,423-4 309,3 21 Confraternity of St John of the Chatsworth, Devonshire Collection Florentines 483 396-7,429 Constantinople 68,140,149,276; see Chaucer, Geoffrey 22 also Byzantium INDEX

Conte, Giovanni 296 Drumlanrig Castle 339 Copernicus, Nicolas 432 Duccio, Agostino di 377 Coppier, Andre 363 Duchamp, Marcel 370 Corio, Bernardino 93,321 Diirer, Albrecht 305 Correggio, Niccolo da 41 Dylan, Bob 370 Corsali, Andrea 43, 478 Corte, Bernardino da 320 Ebreo, Guglielmo 157 Costa, Lorenzo 326, 494 Egidius Romanus 488 Costereccia 23 Eliot, T. S. 369,474 Credi, Lorenzo di 72, 75,102,124, emblems 435-7 33 1 Embolden, William 135 and Leonardo 86-7,124-5,165 Empoli 57, 359 Cremona (town) 159,438 Epicurus 432 Cremona, La 438-43, 450, 488 Este family 317, 325,413 Crivelli, Biagino 457 Este, Alfonso d', Duke of Ferrara 259, Crivelli, Lucrezia 234, 237,457, 398,472 J 492 Este, Beatrice d', Duchess of Milan Crivelli, Protasio 234 227-8,230,237,238,239,259, Crumb, Robert 262 293,3°0,316,326 Curzio, Ambrogio 321 Este, Ercole d', Duke of Ferrara Curzio, Lancino 283 290-91 Cusano, Girolamo 307 Este, Cardinal Ippolito d' 413-14 Cusano, Niccolo 307 Este, Isabella d', Marchioness of Czartoryski family 231-2 Mantua 41,158,160,230-3 1, 325-9,397-8 Daddi, Bernardo 133 and Leonardo 333, 336-7,34°, Dagomari, Paolo 214 341-2,373-5,494 Daniel, Samuel 43 5 portraits by Leonardo 326, 328-9, Dante Alighieri 40, 379-80 336,341,363,366,375 Divine Comedy IL7-I8, 184, studiolo 326, 336, 341, 375, 397 493 Eton College library I I I Dati, Leonardo 372-3 Evans, Ray 361 Dei, Benedetto 63, 65,193-4,216, 226 Fabriano, Gentile da 50 Desio 447 Fermo, Olivorotto da 352 Domenico da Prato, Ser 387 Ferrando Spagnolo see Almedina, Domenico Veneziano 71 Fernando Yaiiez de la Donatello 56-7, 64, 65 , 71, 72, II6, Ferrante di Aragona, King of Naples 249,378 23 0,290 Doni, Antonio Francesco 392 Ferrara, Dukes of see Este Doni, Maddalena 33 5, 364 Ferrari, Ambrogio 316 Doria d'Angri, Prince 391-2 Ferrucci, Francesco di Simone 75,126 Dreyfus Madonna (anon.) 102 Ferrucci, Simone 377

597 INDEX

Ficino, Marsilio, and his circle 69, Palazzo Medici 64, 65, 66, 83,93, 109, Ill, 112-13, 117, 145, 149, 98,169,17°,484 158,165,194,215,3°8,310- 11, Palazzo della Mercanzia 8 I 43 2 133,346 Fiesole 32, 394-5 Council Hall (Sala del Maggiore Figino, Girolamo 245 Consiglio) 37I-6, 380-82,385, Filarete, Antonio 187, 202, 223 389-94,485 Filelfo 215 philosophy and science in 68-7I, Filippo, Giandomenico di 372 113,117,145,148-9,158,194, Fioravanti, Aristotele 146 3°8,310-11,386,414 Fioravanti di Domenico II6, 122-4, poetry and literature in 151-5, 218 125,133 Ponte alle Grazie (Rubaconte) Fiore di virtu 2I 5, 229 417-18 Florence 60-72 regeneration plans 484 architecture 64-6, 71, 73, 94-8, sacre rappresentazioni 92,94,258 17°,484 San Lorenzo 100,484 Badia 133,416 San Marco sculpture-gardens Baptistery 146, 4I5 165-6,376 Bargello 64, 67, 73,139,14°,460 San Miniato del Monte 170 Verrocchio: David 74-5, I75-6, San Salvatore dell'Osservanza 335 378; Woman with a Bunch of Santa Maria Novella 83, I6I-2, Flowers I08-9, 110, I I I, 201 17°,174,176,371-2,375-6, Biblioteca Riccardiana, Martini MS 386,460,499 with Leonardo's note 268 Santa Maria Nuova, Ospedale di and Cesare Borgia 343-4,349-53 32~33I,34I,356,403,4I~ catasti 23,27,28,33,1°9, II4, II8 4 19,422 cathedral 99, 224, 484 Santissima Annunziata 332-4, dome 94-8,145,480 356-7,364 'Chain map' 62-4,418 Sant'Onofrio, Ospedale di 38o, 385 guilds 62, 84,98-9, 157 : homosexuality in 114-18 anon., drawing of dragon 106 jousts and shows 90-92, 284,4°6 Botticelli, Adoration of the Magi Leo X in 484-5 17° Leonardo and 60, 94,193,483, Leonardo: Adoration of the Magi 484-5,497 see Leonardo (paintings and lion-house 162-3,497 frescos); Annunciation see Mercato Vecchio 285 Leonardo (paintings and music in 157-8 frescos); drawings with flying­ Ognissanti 297 machine I50-5I; 'Fioravanti painters and sculptors in 71-3,83, folio' 122-4, 125, 133, I75-6; 84,98-1°3,241,296-7,376-8, head of a child (related to 484 ) 135, I37-8; Palazzo Martelli 414-15 old man and beautiful youth INDEX

(drawing) 273-5; pen-and-ink Ghiberti, Buonaccorso 148 landscape 49-53, PI. 2 Ghiberti, Lorenzo 54-5, 72,84 Verrocchio: Baptism of Christ Ghirlandaio, David 378 (with Leonardo) 50, 81, 103, Ghirlandaio, Domenico la, 71-2, 83, PI. 7; Venus and Cupid sketch 99,120,165,167,174,297,331, III 379,460 Via delle Prestanze 62, 66 see Rizzoli, Giovanni Foix, Gaston de 446, 447 Pietro Fontainebleau 199,472 Gibson, WilIiam 370 Foppa, Vincenzo 195 Gilliam, Terry 370 Forster, E. M. 369 Gillray, James 262 Forster codices see Leonardo (writings Giocondo, Fra 245 and manuscripts) Giocondo, Francesco del 361, 364-7 Fossombrone 347, 350 Giocondo, Lisa del 361, 363-7, 461 Francesco Napoletano see Galli, Giorgi, Rosa di 393 Francesco Giorgio (German assistant) 478-80 Franco, Matteo 154 Giorgione (Giorgio da Castelfranco) Fran~ois I, King of France 199, 33° 4 83-7,494 Giotto 55 and Leonardo 231, 285, 361,466, Giovanni degli Specchi 479-80, 481 4 85-7,493-4,500 Giovanni, Antonio di 372 Freud, Sigmund 32-4, 115, 132, 272, Giovanni, Bertoldo di 165 285-6,320,342 Giovio, Paolo la, 27,126,241,260, Frezzi, Federigo 215 282,434,435,451,462 Friuli 329 on Leonardo as teacher 78, 233 Fumagalli, Giuseppina I I 5 on Leonardo's studies 241, 433, 443-4 Gaddi family 10 Giraldi, Cristoforo 264, 298 Gaddi, Agnolo 57 Giraldi, Flavio Antonio 398 Gaddi, Taddeo 296 Giulio (German metalworker) 235, Gaffurio, Franchino 236-7 284,290 Galen 240, 444 Goethe, J. W. von 4 28, 439 Gallerani, Cecilia 226-32, 235, 237, Goncourt brothers 368 248,325,326,365,447,494 Gonzaga family 325-6, 494, 496 Galli, Francesco ('Il Napoletano') 234, Gonzaga, Francesco II, Marquis of 299 Mantua 325, 334 Gates, Bill 416 Gorizia 329 Gautier, Theophile 368 Gozzadini, Tommaso 34 Gavina, Il la, II-I2, 357, 379, 380 Gozzoli, Benozzo 65, 71, 83, 170, 173 Geneva ('Ginevra') 486 Grazzini, Anton Francesco 144 Geri, AIfredo 369-70 Greek science and philosophy 68 Gherardini, Lisa di Antonmaria see Green, Andre 469-70 Giocondo, Lisa del Gualanda, Isabella 363, 365,492

599 INDEX

Guicciardini, Francesco 138, 342 Larciano 49 Guidi, Counts 17 Lecco 277 Guiducci, Captain 358 Leicester, Thomas Coke, Earl of 416 Guiscardi, Mariolo de' 315 Leloup, Estienne 487 Guznago, Lorenzo 328, 363, 366 Lemaire, Jean 126 gypsies 263 Leno, Giuliano 462 Leo X, Pope (Giovanni de' Medici) Habsburg Collection 199 457-8,460-61,489 Hamilton, Gavin 424 and Leonardo 466-7, 483-6 Hauser, Arnold 68 (Leonardo di Ser Hawkwood, Sir John 22 Piero da Vinci): Hebborn, Eric 426 APPEARANCE 10,11-13,356-7 Hermetic philosophies 243 clean-shaven or bearded 11-12, Hippocrates 240 126,399 Hoefnagel, Josef 189, 318 hair 11, 126, 127,485 Holkham Hall 381 physical beauty 74,126-7 Hollar, Wenceslas 262, 263 spectacles 345, 460, 480 Holy League 446, 447 ARCHITECTURE 191 Horace 26 d' Amboise villa and gardens Houssaye, Arsene 225, 23 1,502 40 5-7 bell-towers 224 Imola 349-52,355 Duchess of Milan's pavilion India 43,259,433,478 project 224-6 Ioditti (assistant) 299 '- early projects 222-6 Isabella of Aragon 225, 230, 257-8, Florence regeneration schemes 289,29°,320,496 484 Isonzo river 329 Guiscardi mansion 3 I 5 Istanbul, Topkapi Museum 353 ideal city 202-3,209,316,493 project 97-8, Jacopo (German apprentice) 385 222-4 J ones, Inigo 23 8 in notebooks 209-10,213, Jonson, Ben 2-3,54 224-5,3 10 Julius 11, Pope 353,355,381,407, palace ground-plan 251 446,458 Romorantin schemes 329,493-4, 497 Kassel428 Santa Maria della Fontana 409 Kemp, Martin 100, 191, 210-12,493 stables 314 'temple' church designs 224-5, Landino, Cristoforo 69, 71, IIO, I I I, 310 118,149,152, 21 4 temple of Venus with landscape Landucci, Luca SI, 95,138-9,162-3, 406 378,385,484 Villa Melzi projects 448-9 Lanfredini, Francesca 62 see also technology below

600 INDEX

ASSISTANTS, PUPILS, SERVANTS left-handed 58, 88 on Anghiari fresco 378, 389-90 love of countryside 26, 73, 447 Arigo 319 melancholy 3,113,127,149, Atalante see Migliorotti, Atalante 155,160,180,311- 12 Benedetto 299 musician 155-60, 218, 253 Fanfoia, 11 458-9 physical strength and dexterity in Florence 131-2, 141-5,232, 127 33 2 ,337 psychiatric analyses of 30, 171, Galeazzo 288 334,342,418,421 Giorgio 478-80 and religion 483, 499-500 Jacopo the German 385 rigorously experimental 436 Lorenzo see Lorenzo di Marco sexuality: affair with La Cremona Mathurine I, 286,488,497, (?) II6, 438-43; distaste and 499 negativity about sex 27, 206-7, in Milan 134, 232-5, 238, 284, 2°9,442,469-7°,472; j 286,288,299,307,319, homosexuality 11, 87, 114-25, 424 127,132,166-7,206-7,263, Paolo see Paolo di Leonardo da 271-5,295, 4II; incest dreams Vinci and fantasies 31-5, 217; and in 458-9, 478-80 prostitutes 269, 439-43; Salai see Caprotti, Giacomo suggestions of effeminacy 94, Vilanis, Battista de 486, 498-9 127; and women and female Zoroastro see Masini, T ommaso anatomy 420-22,442-3 di Giovanni as teacher 78,233,241 see also Melzi, Francesco vegetarianism 1,43,141,383, BIOGRAPHIES, EARLY 9-11 477-8 see also Anonimo Gaddiano; BilIi; walker 127 Giovio; Lomazzo; Vasari DEPICTIONS OF 12-13 CHARACTERISTICS in Bramante fresco (?) II, aloof 127,221,341,418 3 10- 12 courtesy and grace 56, 69, 126-7, in a Ferrucci sketchbook 75 380 in Giovio 451, 452 dandy 69,94,127 in Lomazzo painting of Heraclitus fastidious 127, 202, 253,445 and Democritus (attrib.) 312 fears of plagiarism 96 Melzi portrait (attrib.) 12-13, frugality 127, 155, 383,477-8 410-II, 451-2, PI. 15 heretical, more philosopher than self-portraits see drawings and Christian 483 maps and paintings and frescos horseman 127, 250, 383 below humour 105-6, 185-6, 206, sketches by pupils (?) 399,452 220-22,262-4,420 Vasari 451, 45 2, 4 85 interest in superstitions 213, 263, Verrocchio's David (?) 74-5, 383-4,423 175-6,378

601 INDEX

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. dragons and monsters 46, 106, DRAWINGS AND MAPS 260 allegories: Il Moro and Envy 289; drapery 78-80 Pleasure and Pain 204-7,220, early 48-53,61,77 406, 437; Virtue and Envy 204, elephant musician 260 207 emblems 43 2, 435-7 Alpine scenes 277 Envy 207-8 anatomical 4, 27, 163,240-47, erotic and homoerotic 116, 382,419-23,433,442,443-5, 207-9,463,468-71 448,490-91,499; female Isabella d'Este 326-9, 363 genitalia and anus 420-22; family property (sketch-map) 24 heart 444, 445, 448; mouths ferry-boat on the Adda 448-9 and lips 363, 422; pregnancy foetus in womb 48 I - 3 421-2,481-3; shoulder and grotesques 260-64 neck 420 hair 178, 450 Angelo incarnato rr6, 463, horse studies 44,249-50,281-3, 4 68-72,474 386,429 antique buildings and sculptures Leda see under paintings and (lost book) 335-6 frescos below Aristotle and Phyllis (?) 207-9 lion engulfed in flames 163, 220 armoured cars 190-91 lion-house in Florence 497 artillery 153 lira (lost) 159 Atalante portrait (lost) 159, in list of works of c. 1482 178-80 23 6 "- machines see under technology 11 Bagnetto 135-6, 137 below Baroncelli hanging 140, 167 Madonna and child with cat bat 399 13 6- 8 bears 279 'Madonna of the Snow' landscape birds 32,395 48-53, 103, 277, PI. 2 blurred peripheries 237 in manuscripts see writings and Cesare Borgia (?) 345-6 manuscripts below cartoons: for paintings see under maps 350-52,372,383,446; paintings and frescos below; Apennines 345; Imola 350-JI; tapestry 104 Milan 188; 48, 49, Caste! Sant'Angelo (?) 335 125,339; Vinci family property cats 46 24 Cesena window 346 masqueraders 494-6 David (after Miche!angelo) 382 Mont'Albano hills 387 'Deluge' series ISO, 217,432, mothers and children 135-8 474-6,493, PI. 27 Neptune 398 Desio fires 447, 448 old men and women 204, 207, disegni di groppi 42 261-4,493; 'nutcracker-men' dog (chalk sketch) 44-6 204,263,275, 4SI; old man

602 INDEX

with beautiful youth 273-5; young men 121-2, 124, 159-60, old man with water studies 4II 449-JI,493 ENGRAVINGS BASED ON HIS olive-press at Molino della WORKS Doccia 38 'academy' designs (Venice) Orpheus 434-5 40-42,3°5-6,329 for Pacioli's Battle of Anghiari copy 391-2 3 0 4-5 designs for Pacioli (Venice) 306 plants compared with human grotesques (by Hollar) 262, anatomy 445 263 Pointing Lady 493, 50I EXPERIMENTS 417-23,436 political emblems 288-90 animals 43, 420, 433, 448 Porto Cesenatico 347 arches 223 portrait-drawings 236 flight (?) 395 rebuses or picture-puzzles 163, human dissections 240-45, 2I8-20,25 1 4 19-23, 443-5, 4 8I-3, 491 Salai 273-5 metallurgical 480-8 I San Lorenzo fac;ade 484 water 417-18 self-portraits II-I3, I73-6; man FRESCOS see paintings and frescos using 'perspectograph' (?) below 148-9, I76-7; old man in IDEAS, OBSESSIONS profile with water studies (?) accidenti mentali 9, 101,476 449-JI, 493; shadow drawing against imitation 85 267-8; Turin II-I3, 477, agriculture 5,38-42,44,346 492-3; as (?) analogies 445 245-7,3 I2 anatomy 4,27, 163,240-47, stage-sets see theatre work, 386, 4 I 9-2 3, 433, 443-5, pageants etc. below 48I-3, 490-91, 499 studies see titles under paintings animals 34-5,42-6; bat 341, and frescos and sculpture 399,431-2; bears 279; birds below (liberation of) 43; dogs and cats techniques and training 77-80, 44-6,88-9, I36-8, 260-6I, 148,241,445 288; fish 88-9; horses 43-5, T ovaglia villa 3 34 - 5 69,91, 127, 250, 383; lions Trezzo castle 448-9 I6I-3, 435, 497; lizards, triboli 204-6 insects etc. 105,217; speaking triumphal arch for Leo X 484 human language 34-5, 42-3, Urbino palace staircase 345 21 7 Vitruvian Man 223, 245-7, 309, astronomy 481 3 I2 beds 184, 206-7 water studies 450 caverns 164, 244, 278,420-21, wheeled platform 284-5 434-5,474-6 at Windsor see Windsor Castle clarity (eye vs brain) 55-6 INDEX

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. prison and freedom 121, 122, IDEAS, OBSESSIONS - cont. 127,146 classical themes and influences reading see library and reading 105,230,249-50,335-6,396, below 398,417,432,472-4 ricordazioni 30 dragons, hybrids, monsters and sensus communis 242-3 wild men 105-6, 259-60 solar power 480-81 dreams 30-35, 217 solitude 47-8, 348 dualism of experience 204 storms 474-6 embryology 481-3, 488 theatre 91-2 experience and observation 47-8, vegetarianism 1,43,141,383, 55,58,7°,264,280,417-18; 477-8 Aristotelian, not Platonist II3, vortices and whirlpools 149-50 , 149, 240; see also experiments 360,43 1 above war 348, 373,4°9,435 flight 3,32,34-7,50,150, water-flow principles and 203-4, 341,489; spirit of the patterns 57, 149-50 , 360,431, bird and the man 394,398-9; 448 see also technology below waves 6, 345 flower symbolism 201, 339 INFLUENCE ON OTHERS flux and movement 3 I I Almedina 389 Fortune 256, 290 disciples ('') 235, geometry see mathematics below 238,240,270,315-41,389, health 223, 477-8 "- 40 4 heliocentricity 432 Francesco Napoletano 234 hills and mountains 47-9,78, Giorgione 330 13 6,277-80,345,447 Lippi, Filippino 133 knots/wickerwork 40-42, 306, Massys 263 317,436 Rizzoli 453 mathematics 53-4, 56,3 0 3-5, Rustici 415 3°6,337,341,388-9,432, Sarto, Andrea del415 445,464 Sesto, Cesare da 235,473 memory 16, 3°-31,48-53,149 INFLUENCES music 54,76,155-60,212,236 Alberti 149, 163, 223, 224 musical fountains and mills 346, Botticelli 85 40 5 Bramante 224 nature and love of countryside Brunelleschi 95-8, 191 47-53,55,69,144,201,221, in childhood 56-7 277-80,348 Foppa 195 optics 148-9, 241, 297,419,432 literary 155 perspective 148-9 Martini (?) 268 plants and trees as sentient Michelangelo 382 creatures 221 Pacioli 303 INDEX

dell a T orre 44 3 LIFE Torre, Marcantonio della 443-5 birth and family 17-30 T oscanelli 14 8 illegitimacy 18-21, 27, 66, 67, Verrocchio 78,100,131,198 69,107,127,384 LIBRARY AND READING 118, 184, baptism 20-21 214-15,217-18,385-7 infancy 28-37 Aelius Donatus 214 first memory or fantasy (kite) Aesop 42,69, 2I5, 386 30-37,38,42-3,53,151,164, Alberti 69, 221, 386 395,398 Bacon, Roger 488 childhood 37-58, 136 Brandt 386 education 53-8, 67 Dante II8, 184, 379 visits to Pistoia and Empoli (?) 57 Egidius Romanus 488 apprentice and assistant to Ficino (?) 215 Verrocchio 9, 48-53,54,60, Filelfo 215 71,73-4,77-127,131,166, Fiore di virtu 2I 5, 229 241,249 I Frezzi 215 denounced as sodomite 114-22, Gozzadini 34 125,471 inventories 214-15, 385-7; Pistoia commission 124-5, 151 Madrid 214, 263, 306, 310, own studio in Florence 84, 459 13 1-76 libro danticaglie (antiquities) 3 10, 'Paolo di Leonardo da Vinci' 387 jailed (1479) 131-2 Livy 215 not invited to work on Sistine Mandeville, John de 215 Chapel 167, 335 Manganello, Il2I5, 217 San Donato contract 168-9, 176, Marbodeus (?) 214 177,197 Martini 387 leaves Florence for Milan 93-4, Mundinus 444 104,176-82,186,404 Ovid 76, 215 presented to Milanese court as Pacioli 303, 387 musician 155, 159, 177, 190, Palmieri 3 86 212,218 Petrarch 2 I 5 Sforza projects 187-9, 190-92, Pliny the Elder 214 224-32,237,248-51,257-9, Poggio Bracciolini 2 15, 222 280-83,288-92,300-301, Pucci 217 306,316-18,330-31,496 Pulci, Luca 2I 5, 387 Virgin of the Rocks project 177, Pulci, Luigi 155, 194, 270 196-202,233,240,403, Urbino, Francesco da 386 40 9-10 Venezia, Piero Borgi da (?) 214 Milan cathedral and Duchess's Visconti 306, 386-7 garden projects 97,222-5,248 Vitruvius 245-7, 262,406, studio in Milan 133-4, 142, 433 23 2-53,299

605 INDEX

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. in Florence (15 0 3-6) 353, LIFE - cont. 356- 62, 37I , 383-4, learns Latin 54, 2I3 388-99 living and working at the Corte letter to Bejazet 353-5 Vecchia 251-3, 268, 282-3, Arno canalization schemes 125, 28 5-7,308 357-60,383,385 in Pavia with Martini 250, at Santa Maria Novella 37I -6 268-9 Anghiari fresco project 371-6, Alpine travels 277-80, 4I7 380-82,388-94,4°4,4°7 Sforza Horse project 44, I42, father's death and will 285, I8I-2, 248-5I,280-83, 29I, 384-5,3 87,412 292-3, 307, 309, 33 0-3 I , Leda 35-6, 396-8, 422, 428-9, 379-80,429 472 Caterina joins his household in Vinci and Piombino 381-2, 28 5-7 385,387-8 at Vigevano 288, 29I, 3 I6 in Milan with the French 391, Last Supper project 292-302 4°3-IO 'academy' in Milan 40-42,273, return to Florence (1507-8) 363, 30 5-I2,3 1 7 4°8,410,412-23 poem addressed to (Antiquarie income and title from Louis XII prospetiche Romane) 308-10, 4°9,413,437,446,498 387 French entertainments in Milan owns vineyard in Milan 312-16, 409,434-5,437 409,446,457,486,498, 9 dispute with half-brothers 27, decoration 42, 4 I2-14,464-5 I87-9,306,316-19 dissections in Florence 419-23 and French occupation of Milan in Milan (1508-II, I513) 273, JI9-22, 386,40 4 4 23-43,446,457,458-9 in Mantua 325-8 in Pavia for anatomy lectures Isabella d'Este commissions 43 8,443-5 325-8, 33 6- 8, 34I - 2, 362-3 in the Brianza and at Villa Melzi in Venice 305, 328-JI, 366 447-53 at Santissima Annunziata in journey to Rome via Florence Florence 232, 238, 331-4, 458- 60 33 6-7,341,356-7 in Rome in service of Giuliano de' visit to Rome and Tivoli 335-6 Medici 167,44°,458-62, travelling in the service of Cesare 477-8,486 Borgia 339, 342, 345, 346-53, at Villa Belvedere 462-4, 354-5,372,373 477-83,486 in Urbino 345-6, 352 lizard prank 43, 463-4 in Imola 349-52, 355, 357 infirmities in Rome 477-8, 483 in Rome with Borgia (?) 353, anatomical studies in Rome 24I, 354-5 423, 444, 466, 48I-3

606 INDEX

visit to Florence and Bologna Belle Ferronniere, La 231, 237, with Pope 483-6 492, PI. 14 meets Fran"ois I and travels to Benois Madonna 101, 134-8, France 199,412,485-6 178,237,339,Pl·9 paintre du Roy at Cloux 11-13, dragon on buckler (lost) 105-7 46,486-500 drapery 37, 78 visit of Luigi of Aragon and de early 78,81,89, 98-1II, II6, Beatis 365, 490-93 178 failing health 477, 490, 492 Ginevra de' Benci 107-14,131, shows at Amboise 494-7 15°,155,166,194,361,366, will 272, 276, 312-13,4°9,486, PI. 6 488,498-9 hair 88-9,1°3,108,116,125, death 499-502 198,238,431,45° reputation 2-3, 40,127,309, Isabella d'Este portrait (lost) 326, 332,368,4°4,474,485, 328-9,341,363 500-503 The 42, PAINTINGS AND FRESCOS 226-3 2, 235, 237, 248, PI. 12 Adam and Eve (lost) 104, 106 landscape 47-9, 78, 85, 101-2, Adoration of the Magi I I, 138, 103,345,451 160,168-76,260,415, PI. 10; The Last Supper 224,241, architecture in 170; left with 292-302,303,393,404,439; Giovanni de' Benci 104, 169; Judas 294, 297-8; models for restoration 171-3; self-portrait 296,297-8; studies for 80, (?) II, 74,149,173-6, PI. I; 283-5,293-7,302 studies for 44, 160, 175-6, Leda and the Swan (lost) 35-6, 273 135,260,389,396- 8,413, Adoration of the Shepherds (lost) 422,424,428-9,431,44°-41, 44 471,472; copies and versions Anghiari fresco see Battle of 35,233,39~428-9,453,Pl. Anghiari below 29; drawings and sketches for Annunciation 78, 87,92, 35,41,78,396-7,428-9, 99-101,172, PI. 5; angel 85, 44 0 -41,450,472,493 88,100,108, 125,133,471; Litta Madonna 33,133-4,136, landscape 52-3,361; lily 80, 198,237-9 101; Virgin 100-101, 121 Madonna of the Carnation Bacchus (lost) 398,472 (attrib.) 101-2, 277, 339, 345 Baptism of Christ, contributions Madonna and Child with a Cat to see Verrocchio (works) (lost) 46 Battle of Anghiari fresco 141, Madonna of the Yarnwinder 135, 299,371-6,380,388-94,418, 337-41,363,4°4,4°8; 426,485; copies 374,391-2; commission for 321, 337-8; studies for 44, 373-4,375, landscape 102, 339, 345, 361; 386,396,469,47° sentimentality 238, 339-41 INDEX

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. touch of Leonardo's own hand PAINTINGS AND FRESCOS - cont. 11,108 Madonnas (lost) 133-8,408,413 Virgin and Child with St Anne Medusa (lost) 104-5 35-7,171,332-4,365,424-8, Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) rr, 42, 453,467,471,490-91; 222,266,328,361-70,377, absence of Joseph 171, 334; 424-5,461,490-91, PI. 23; bird outline 36-7, 428; identity of sitter 361,363-7, Burlington House cartoon 417,461,492,493; landscape (Virgin and Child with St Anne 102,335,339,345,361,426; and the Infant St John) 136, later reputation of 368-70; 333-4,424-8, PI. 24; cartoon loggia 334-5, 363; meaning of displayed at Annunziata (lost) 'Mona' 20-21; prefigured by 332-4,335-6; landscape 102, portrait of Isabella d'Este 425-6,447,467; studies for 328-9,362; theft of 339, 334,426 369-70; versions 441-2 Virgin of the Rocks 101, 136, The Musician 235-7, 265 170-71,196-201,240,278, St Donatus (study) 124 301,341,393,403-4,409-10, StJerome 160-65,178,220,273, 423-4,471, PI. rr; London 310 versIOn 197-200, 403, 423-4, St John in the Desert (St John 453; Louvre version 197-9, with the Attributes of Bacchus), 393,403,423-4, PI. rr; Predis full-length 467, 472-3; side-panel 156; rocks and cave landscape 447, 467; seen by 163-5,200,310; third version Beatis (?) 365,467,490-91 and copies 238, 423-4 St John, half-length rr6, 467-71, Vision of St Bernard (lost) 133 PI. 28; seen by Beatis (?) 365, SCULPTURE 80-82, 127,425 467,490-91 in 1482 list 178-80, 182, 191 Sala delle Asse fresco (Castello angel at San Gennaro 78,125-6, Sforzesco) 42,187-9,306, 471, PI. 8 316- 1 9 early works 80-81 Salvator Mundi (lost) 238 Sforza Horse project 44, 142, self-portraits I I, 173-6; see also 181-2,248-51,280-83,291, Adoration of the Magi and 292-3,307,309,330-31, drawings and maps above 379-80,429 Seven Virtues (designs for) 81-2 Trivulzio monument project 44, techniques 266-8, 293; gessoes 429-31,435,446,452 82,298; mural painting 298-9, Youthful Christ (attrib.) 80, 301-2,393; oils 39-40, 83, 121-2 467; pigments 38-9,83-4; TECHNOLOGY 56, 145-51, 277, sfumatura 83, 266; tempera 83 49 1 Tobias and the Angel see Archimedean screws 148, 149, Verrocchio (works) 21 3

608 INDEX

armoured cars 181, 190-92 THEATRE WORK, PAGEANTS ETC. automata 283-4,466; lion for 91-2,257-62,3°8,420,432 Fran,

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. Pavia Regisole 250; phalluses WRITINGS AND MANUS. - cont. with legs (not by Leonardo) Codex Atlanticus - cont. II6; Piombino marshland Brunelleschi designs in 95-7, drying method 388; plan for q5; Castel Sant'Angelo books on shadows 265; poetry drawing and notes on Rome in 153-4,478; pupil's sketch of 335; on colours 84; death of hand 469; purchase of Pacioli Leonardo's father 384; on book 302; on Salai 276; on design of machinery 56; devices stars 402; technology in 95-7, to open prisons 122, 146; draft I45-9; on walnut oil 40 letter to Sforza 291-2, 300; Codex Leicester 6, 252, 278, 381 , draft report on Isonzo river 414,416-18,432,434,439 fortifications 329; drawing Codex Trivulzianus 53, 213-q, showing use of 386 'perspectograph' (self-portrait?) Codex Urbinas 5, 434 q8-9, q6-7; on flight of bird on currents 417, 475 compared to swimming De ludo geometrico 464 underwater 417; on Florence De Vocie 466 60; fluvial studies 446; flying­ on death and sleep 499 machine 252; on fortresses 350; 'Deluge' series 475-6 on Fortune 256, 290; on on dissections 422-3 Fossombrone 347, 350; on on dogs 46 Geneva ('Ginevra') 486; on the earth compared with body Guiscardi mansion pro~ct 315; of man 417 on health 478; household on eclipse of sun 201 inventories and expenses 263, emblems see drawings and maps 371-2,384; 'Ligny above memorandum' 321, 322; list of on exaggerated muscles in Leonardo's works (c. q82) 42, anatomical drawings 382 80-81,133-4,148,159,160, fables (favole) 42-3, 47,221,319 I78-80; map of Milan I87-8; on flight of birds 6, 30, 210 mechanical 'bird for the on Florence cathedral 95, 97-8 comedy' 92; memo-list for visit on foetus 481 to Florence 459-60; Memoria Forstercodices 5, 116, 130,213, a Mro Leonardo 321; on 284, 28 7, 29 6, 3°3 memory 16; on mirrors 480; on fossils 416-17, 464 name-list 68, II3, q8-9; note on geometry see on mathematics on Christ-child and below imprisonment (c. 1505) 121-2, on geophysics 6, 252, 278, 381, 471; notes for bath-house of 414,416-18,432,434,439 the Duchess 320; on painter­ ghiribizzi (caprices) 216 philosopher in the country 48; on Giotto 55 parachute project 203-4; on handwriting 5°,57-8,67,75,

610 INDEX

122,126,135-6,164,209; on medicine 202, 223,443, mirror-script 57-8,312,491; 477-8,497 signatures 58 on mirrors and solar heat 95, on health 223,477-8 480- 81 on heliocentricity 432 on moon 6,417 on household expenses 383 on motion 324 on ideal city 202-3,209 on musical instruments 159 ideal dwelling for painter 253 Nature and the natural world 47, on imagination 106,260,266-7, 55,434,480; Nature as female 451 mistress (maestra) 55, 201,463 on imitation in painting 55 newsletter addressed to Dei 194, on kites 30-34 216,218,221,223 on language 34-5,42-3, 56 notebooks 4, 5-7,54,67,97, lectures for the 'academy' (lost) 209-15,218,398-9,416-18, 306 491 Leonardo's revisions and notebooks removed from 5 reorganiza tions 4 I 5 - I 8, on observation and sketching 433-4,488 5-6,7 letters (drafts) 413-14; to on optics 419, 43 2, 433 Ippolito d'Este 413-14; to his on other artists 55, 85, 87, 232-3 father 384-5; to Giuliano de' painting's superiority to poetry, Medici 477; to Melzi 4II-I2, printing and sculpture 56, 127, 416; to (1494) 218,329,425 291-2,300,414 paragoni 56, 218 libricini see notebooks below notebooks 5-6; MS A libro dell'acque 443 (painter's manual) 215,266-8, Libro W (lost) 4 277,433; MS B 6,191, on light 248,264,297,432 209-13,223,224-5,225,310; literary efforts 54, 155, 164, MS C 6, 248, 264-6, 297; MS 216-22 D (on optics) 419, 433; MS E on love 27,114,127,229 458-9; MS F (Di Mondo ed Madrid notebooks 4, 280-85, acque) 42,46,431-3,437, 341; Codex I (Libro di quantita 456; MS G (fluvial studies) e potentia) 282, 283-5; Codex 446; MS H 287,324; MS L 11 280-83, 385-6 330,344,354-5 on magICIans 423 pen-trials 7 manuscripts 3-5, 7-9, 491- 2; on perpetual motion 213 Melzi's role in preservation of on physicians 167,477-8 410-11,416,491-2 on plague 202 on masquerade costumes 142 poetry in 6, 153-5, 218, 388 on mathematics I, 305, 388-9, praised 309 43 2,464 on printing and engraving 329, on Medici 167,478 433

611 INDEX

Leonardo da Vinci - cont. geophysics see Codex Leicester WRITINGS AND MANUS. - cont. above; on light and shadow 4, profezie (riddles) 34,43,220-21; 6, 264-6; on painting see on dreaming 34-5; on feathers Trattato della pittura above; on 34; using musical notation 157, the human figure (planned) 159; on olives 38; on quills 24 2, 265 (human flight) 34; shadow of Turin Codex 6, 32,50,394-5, man with lamp 2 398-9 puns and word-games 204-6, on Urbino 345-6 218-20,222; see also rebuses on Venus 406 under drawings and maps on war 373, 435 above on water and waves 6, 345,417, on Romagna 5, 346-7 431,434,475,491 on Salai 270-71, 273-4 on whirlwinds 475 on sanitation 202 on wind and rain 388,474-6 on sculpture (lost MS) 80, word-lists 136, 386; Latin 212, 4 2 5 21 3-14 on sea 6, 345, 43 2, 475 Leoni, Pompeo 4,292,397,415 on servICe 437 Libri, Count Guglielmo 5, 209, 212, on sexual intercourse 27, 442 224,225,266,394 on shadows 388 Ligny, Louis de Luxembourg, comte on Siena church-bell 353 de 321-2,4°4,487 on the soul 242-4, 481-3,499 Lippi, Filippino 87,98-9,133,165, speeches 223-4 ..... 3°1,332,416 on spurs to artist's invention 106, Lippi, Fra Filippo 85, 100, 102, 174, 26o, 266-7,4SI 200,301 style 54, 155 lira da braccio 155-6, 157-8 on sun and solar heat 417,432, Litta, Duke Antonio 238-9 437,480- 81 Livingstone, Jay 361 on tides 417 Livy 215 on time II3, 149 Lodi453 Trattato della pittura 5, 218, 241, Lomazzo, Giovanni Paolo 10-11 393,434; on accidenti mentali Heraclitus and Democritus (attrib.) 9,101,476; on countryside 3 12 47-8,277; on depiction of rain laughing peasants anecdote 264 and mountains 277; on on Leda 396 drawing 77; on dresses and on Leonardo's disciples 233, 235 drapery 79; on invention and on Leonardo's sculpture 80 fantasy 106, 260, 267; on on Leonardo's sexuality I I, landscape and memory 49; on 115-16,117,121,272 power of painting 229 on mechanical lion 285, 466 treatises 6; on the flight of birds on Milan pageant 435 see Turin Codex below; on on Mona LisalGioconda I I

612 INDEX

owned sculpture by Leonardo 80 4°8-9,413,435,436-7,446, on painting of dragon fighting a lion 4 85,498 106 Lucie-Smith, Edward 445 on Sala delle Asse frescos 42, 306, Luigi of Aragon, Cardinal 296, 365, 317 4 28,444,489 London: Luini, Bernardino 235, 236, 315, 457 British Library, see Lyon 466, 485 Leonardo (writings and manuscripts) Machiavelli, Bernardo 24 , Leonardo Machiavelli, Niccolo 24, 93-4,138, drawings: 327,346,349-53,357,362,460 armoured cars 190-91 and Cesare Borgia 342, 343-4, dog 44-6 349-50,352-3 studies for Virgin and Child with and Leonardo 350, 357, 372, 385 St Anne and the Infant St John Madonna of the Pomegranate 426 (Dreyfus Madonna, anon.) 102 I warrior 81 Madrid notebooks see Leonardo Kensington Palace 4 (writings and manuscripts) : Mafeo, Maestro 433 Leonardo: Virgin and Child with Maiano, Giuliano da 99 St Anne and the Infant St John Maino, Giacomo del 197 cartoon 136, 333-4,424-8; Maintenon, Madame de 396 Virgin ofthe Rocks see Leonardo Malatesta, Francesco 342 (paintings and frescos) Mandeville, John de 215 Ambrogio de Predis, Angel Manfredi, Manfredo de' 341 Playing a Violin [or Lira da Manganello, Il2l5, 216 BraccioJ 156 Mannerists 78 Verrocchio, Tobias and the Angel Mantegna, Andrea 174, 200, 326, 398 88-9, PI. 4 Mantua 158, 160, 174, 200, 236, Royal Academy (Burlington House) 32 5-8 4 2 5-6 Marani, Pietro 166, 297, 310,411 Victoria & Albert Museum: Marbodeus 214 anon. model for the Fortaguerri Marchiselli, Bernardino 429 monument (attrib. Leonardo) Marignano, Battle of 483,485,494 125 Marinoni, Augusto 209, 212 Forster codices 5, II6, 130, 213, Marliano family 307 284,287,296,3°3 Marlowe, Christopher 295, 470 Longhi, Roberto 369 Marmocchi, Carlo 148 Lorenzo di Marco (pupil) 389,412, Martelli, Piero di Braccio 414-15 413,414,424,438,458 Martesana river 446 Louis XII, King of France 319, 321-2, Martines, Lauro 138 343,349,4°3,466 Martini, Francesco di Giorgio 148, and Leonardo 321-2, 337-8, 404, 268,387,443 INDEX

Masaccio 83, 174 Medici, Lorenzo di Piero, Duke of Masini, Tommaso di Giovanni Urbino 458, 485, 494 (Zoroastro) 43,141-5,180,181, Medici, Lucrezia de' see Tornabuoni, 186,196, 21 3,216,220,223, Lucrezia 235,259,268, 28 4,299,3°7, Medici, Ottaviano de' 1°4,460 3°9,347,383,389-9°,395,415, Medici, Piero di Cosimo 66, 74,120, 459,461,464,481 33 2 Masolino 57 Medici, Piero di Lorenzo de' 291, 357 Massys, Quentin 263 Melzi, Francesco ('Cecco') 5, 10, 245, Mastlin, Michael 4 I 7 261-2,264,3°7,410-12,414, Mathurine (servant) 1,286,488,497, 424,434,435,43 8,447,448, 499 484,486,488,497,498-9, Maugham, W. Somerset 369 500-502 Maximilian, Emperor 199, 282-3, portrait of Leonardo (attrib.) 289,320,322 12-13,410-11,451-~485,Pl. Mazenta, Guido 306 15 Medici family 66, 74, 109, 120, 165, Mercatale 28 458 Merciaio, Antonello 433 art collection 105, 169 Michelangelo Buonarroti 44, Il7, expulsion and return of 29 I, 33 I, 376-82,381,4°7,464 371,457-8,461,462 Battle of Cascina 380-82 jousts and shows 90-91, 92, and Constantinople 354-5 111-12,4°6 David 377-8 and the Pazzi Conspiracy 138-.,9 early works in Rome 33 I, 376, 38o and the Sforza 93,193 and Leonardo 376, 378-82,476, and Vasari 9,166 485 Medici, Cosimo de' 65, 66 and Medici 166, 376 Medici, Giovanni di Lorenzo de' see Sistine Chapel 299, 3°2,476 Leo X, Pope Vasari and 9,376,485 Medici, Giuliano di Lorenzo de', Duke Michelet, Jules 68,186,368 of Nemours 365-6,457-8, Michelino, Domenico di 148 460-62,466,477,485,486 Michelozzi, Niccolo 465 and Leonardo 167, 365-6, 461-2, Migliorotti, Atalante di Manetto 464,466,478-80,484,491 159-60,178,187,196,236-7, Medici, Giuliano di Piero de' 102, 325,434-5,464 111-12,138 Milan 186-9,193-6,236,318 Medici, Giulio de' 457 : Medici, Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de' anon.: painting of young man 112,118,360 (Melzi?; attrib. Boltraffio) 4Il; Medici, Lorenzo di Piero di Cosimo portrait of Leonardo (attrib. 66,74,90 -91 ,114,131- 2 , Melzi) 12-13, 410-Il, 451-2, 13 8-9,149,154,291,376 485, Pl. 15 and Leonardo 165-8, 177,478 Leonardo: 'academy' designs 329;

n INDEX

Codex Atlanticus see Leonardo Montefeltro, Federico da, Duke of (writings and manuscripts) Urbino 153 Brera, Casa Panigarola frescos 1I, Montefeltro, Guidobaldo da, Duke of 3 IO - I2 Urbino 304, 343, 345,461 Casa Panigarola 11, 3IO-I2 Montevettolini 48, 49,50-52 187-9, 220, 405 Montorfano, Donato di 293 camerini decorated by Leonardo Monviso foothills 447 292,300-301,316 Mundinus (Mondino de Luzzi) 444 Sala delle Asse decorated by Munich 101-2 Leonardo 42,187-9,306, 3 I6- I 9 Naples 136, 230, 290,439 Salette Negre 31 6, 3 I 8 Napoletano, Il see Galli, Francesco cathedral 195, 252 Natali, Antonio 171 tiburio project 97, 222-3 Neoplatonism 1I2-13, 310 Chiesa di Affori 424 see also Platonism Corte Vecchia 251-3, 282, 292 Neri di Bicci 56,71 I Fabbri district 440 New World 259, 276, 359-60 maps IBB, IB9, 3IB New York 5 music in 157-60, 189 Metropolitan Museum: Naviglio di Santo Cristoforo 409, Leonardo manuscript 308 498 , Giuliano de' Medici ordnance foundry I9I-2 45B,461,462 Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, The Pierpont Morgan Library: anon. Musician 235-7 drawing of a youth (attrib. plague 201-2, 207 Verrocchio or Leonardo) 121 Sala delle Asse see Castello Newport, Rhode Island 44 Sforzesco above Newton, H. Travers 393 San Francesco Grande 197,423-4 Newton, Isaac 481 San Giovanni sui Muro 240 Nicodemi, Giorgio 418 San Nazaro Maggiore 429 Niccolini, Luigi di Bernardo 1I0, 1I I, parish 196 1I4 Santa Maria della Fontana 409 Nicholas, Adrian 203-4 Santa Maria delle Grazie 224, Novellara, Fra Pietro 333, 336-9, 362 292-3,318 'Nude Gioconda' paintings 441-2, Milanesi, Gaetano I I 5 4 61 Modena 185-6,206 Maller, Dr Emil 21 Oggiono, Marco d' 134, 233-4, Monsummano 4B-53 23 8-4°,299,3°2 Mont'Albano hills 387 Oporto, Escola de Belas Artes 135-6, Monte Ceceri 32, 35, 394-5,404,431 I37 Monte Mario 464 Orbignano 57 Monte Oliveto 99 Orleans, duc d' 290, 319 Monte Rosa 280, 417 Ovid 154, 215 INDEX

Oxford, Christ Church College: Pasolini, Pier Paolo 136 anon. copy of Isabella d'Este Pasquino, Bartolomeo 115, 118-20 drawing 326, 328 Pater, Waiter 368-9 Leonardo: Pavia 251, 268-9, 289, 43 8, 443-5, allegorical drawings 204-9, 213, 448 220,407 Il Regisole 249, 250, 281 study for Annunciation 78 Pazzi Conspiracy 138-40, 153, 194 Oxford, Earl of 470 Pedretti, Carlo 35, 52, rr6, 123,433, 440 Pacioli, Luca 297,303-5,307,337 Peraud, Cardinal Raymond 301 and Leonardo 267, 297,303-5, Perreal, Jean ('Jean de Paris') 321 3°6,337,347-8,387 Perro, Count Giulio 206 Padua 249 Perugia, Vincenzo 339, 369-70, Palmieri, Matteo 386 398 Pandolfini, Francesco 345, 408 Perugino (Pietro Vanucci) 72, 76, Paolo di Leonardo da Vinci I I 6, 85-7,165,167,174,326,375 13 1- 2,144 Pesaro 346 Paracelsus 280 Petrarch and Petrarchism 110, 154, Paris: 21 5,222 Institut de France, Paris notebooks Pfister, Oskar 36-7, 428 see Leonardo (writings and Picasso, Pablo 369 manuscripts) Piccinino, Francesco 392 Musee du Louvre 199 Piccinino, Niccolo 372-3 Leonardo: Annunciation (related Piccus, Dr Jules 280 to Pistoia altarpiece) 124; Piero della Francesca 8 5, 87, 303 Isabella d'Este drawing 326-9; Piero di Bartolomeo Cecci 18, 20 Madonna and child with bowl Piffero (or Cellini?), Giovanni di of fruit (drawing) 135; St John Andrea 358, 378 and St John in the Desert see Piombino 6, 345, 385, 388,475 Leonardo (paintings and Pisa 25, 224, 33 1, 344, 357-9, 360, frescos); study for head of Litta 380,385 Madonna 134, 238,239; Pisano, Giovanni 57 Virgin and Child with St Anne Pistoia 25, 57, 124, 124-5, 166, 360 see Leonardo (paintings and Annunciation (attrib. Leonardo and frescos); Virgin of the Rocks Credi) 87, 124-5 see Leonardo (paintings and Fortaguerri monument 121,124-5 frescos) Pitti family 120 Rubens, copy of Battle of Plato 109, Ill, 112, 117 Anghiari 374,392 Platonism 110, II3, 117, 145, 15 8, Verrocchio workshop, bas-relief 243,3°8,310-11,398,432 angels (attrib. Leonardo) 8 I see also Neoplatonism Parma 464 Pliny the Elder 214, 278,474 Parry-Jones, Jemimah 3 I Poggi, Giovanni 370

616 INDEX

Poliziano, Agnolo 69, 71, 91,107, probable contact with Leonardo 109,111,116,138,149,152, 396- 7,464 155,160,164,236,406,434-5, Reford collection 339 460 Reggio, Raffaellino da 135 Pollaiuolo brothers (Antonio and Renaissance 3, 68-72 Piero del) 71, 88, 165, 181-2, architecture 202, 223 33 1 classical learning 68,149,160 Pollaiuolo, Antonio del 72, II9, 241, duality expressed by David and 249 Mona Lisa 377 Pollaiuolo, Piero de193, 124, 133 education 54-5 Polo, Agnolo di 72 emblems 435-7 Pomponazzi, Pietro 483 painting II, 87 Popham, A. E. 207 self-portraits 86, 173-6 Porter, Cole 370 quest for knowledge 68-9, 165, 201 Portinari family 193 rebuses 218-20 Portinari, Benedetto 193 'Renaissance man' 3, 55, 68-72, Porto Cesenatico 347 399 Portugal, King of 104 town and country lifestyles 25-6 Pouncey, Phi lip 135 Repetti, Emanuele 18-19 Pozzo, Cassiano dal 199 Reti, Ladislaus 284 Predis (de) family 196 Riccio, Il ('Riccio Fiorentino'?) 378, Predis, Ambrogio de 156, 196-9, 233, 390 234,235,238,239,309-10,317, Richter, Jean-Paul 115, 122,216,263 403-4,409-10,423-4 Ridolfi, Giovan Battista 144 Predis, Evangelista de 196-7, 233, Rimini 346, 406 315 Rizzoli, Giovanni Pietro Pucci, Antonio 217,470 (Giampietrino) 235, 299, 302, Pugliese, Piero del 133 424,428-9,453,458 Pulci, Luca 154, 215, 387 Kneeling Leda 428-9 Pulci, Luigi 90, 152,154,155,193-4, St Jerome painting and Leonardo 21 5,270 452-3, PI. 26 Pythagoras 43 2 Robbia, Luca and Andrea della 71 Robertet, Florimond 321 - 2, 337-8, Rafaello Hieronimo, Ser 413 404,408 Raphael389 Romagna 343, 346-7 Bramante portraits 195,311 Romanticism and Mona Lisa 368 Giuliano de' Medici (attrib.) 458, Rome: 462 antique sculpture 249, 335 Leda cartoon copy 396-7 Castel Sant' Angelo 335 Maddalena Doni 335,364,397 prostitutes in 439-40, 463, 470 Pope Leo X (Giovanni de' Medici) San Paolo Fuori 486 4 61 Santo Spirito hospital 481 Portrait of a Cardinal 489-90 Sistine Chapel 167, 335 INDEX

Rome: - cont. San Miniato, Pier Francesco da 177, Trastevere palace of Cesare Borgia 187 342 Sand, Vebj0rn 356 see also Vatican Sangallo, Aristotile da 38 I Romorantin 329, 493-4, 497 Sangallo, Giuliano da 148, 282, 284, Romualdo de Candeli 56-7 378 Rosate, Giovanni da 330 Sanseverino, Galeazzo 250, 259, 271, Rosheim, Mark 285 3°4,3°7-8,314,321 ,33°, Rosselli, Cosimo 167 437 Rotterdam, Boymans Museum 396 Sanseverino, Gianfrancesco 320 Rovagnate 447 Santis, Giovanni de 87 Rovere, Francesco dell a 458 Sapeck (Eugene Battaile) 370 Rubens, Peter Paul 374, 392 Savonarola, Girolamo 65, 73, 74,85, Rucellai family 25,161,364 291,308, 32I, 33 I Rucellai, Bernardo 141, 145, 161, Scopeto see San Donato monastery 165,366,387,414 Segni, Antonio 398 and Leonardo 177-8, 190 Seneca 160 mission to Milan 177-8, 187, 190 Senigallia 352-3 Rucellai, Giovanni di Bernardo 141, Seracini, Maurizio 173, 394 142,144,145 Serra, Alfio del 172 Rustici, Giovanni Francesco 4I4 - I 5, Serravalle 125, 360 418 Sesto, Cesare da 235,429,473-4 Sforza family 70, 93,186,317,325, St Petersburg, Hermitage: " 4 I O,446,483 anon. Mona Vanna ('Nude Sforza, Anna 259 Gioconda', attrib. Caprotti) 44I Sforza, Ascanio 330 Leonardo: Sforza, Beatrice see Este, Beatrice d' Benois Madonna see Leonardo Sforza, Bianca di Ludovico 293 (paintings and frescos) Sforza, Bianca Maria I99, 282, 289 Litta Madonna see Leonardo Sforza, Cesare 447 (paintings and frescos) Sforza, Francesco, Duke of Milan 93, 'Salai' see Caprotti, Giacomo 180-81, 186 Salaino, Andrea 270 Sforza, Galeazzo Maria, Duke of Salernitano, Masuccio 387 Milan 92-4,139,186,187,19° Salerno, Andrea da 136 Sforza, Gian Galeazzo, Duke of Milan Saltarelli, Jacopo 114-15, II8-22, 139,190,225,230,251,257, 146,295,471 289,29°,320,496 Salutati, Colluccio 241 Sforza, Ludovico ('11 Moro') I87, Salviati, Jacopo 353 I89-95, 217, 224, 289-90,316 San Donato monastery 168-9, 176, fall of 320-22,330,447 177,197 and Leonardo 177, 187-90, I98-9, San Gennaro (nr Pistoia) 78, 125-6, 226, 248-51,267, 276, 29I-2, 47I, PI. 8 293,297-8,3°0-3°1,313,322

6I8 INDEX

marriage and mistresses 226-30, Tivoli, Hadrian's villa 335-6 237,259,293,316 T oia di Bacchereto 23, 56 and Pacioli 304, 307 Tomme di Marco, Ser 19 portraits of I89-90, 196 Tornabuoni family 120, 166 and Santa Maria delle Grazie 293 Tornabuoni, Leonardo ('Il Teri') II5, visits to Florence 93,139,189-90 120 Sforza, Massimiliano, Duke of Milan Tornabuoni, Lucrezia 120, 154, 177 447,457,498 Torre, Marcantonio della 433, 438, Shakespeare, William 2, 27, 369, 435 443-5 Shell, J anice 234 Toscanelli, Paolo dal Pozzo 70-71, Siena 353 148,149,193 Siena, Bernardino da Il7 T osinghi, Pierfrancesco 3 57 Silva, Dom Miguel da 141, 142-3, Tovaglia, Angelo del 334 461 ,464 Trezzo 448-9 Sironi, Grazioso 234 Trivulzio, Giangiacomo 44,213,320, Sixtus IV, Pope 138 42 9-3 1 Smiraglia Scognamiglio, Nino II 5, 121 see also Codex Trivulzianus Smollett, T obias 158 Trotti, Jacopo 227, 257-8 Socrates 432 Trovamala, Elisabetta 313 Soderini, Francesco 343, 344 Tucci, Biagio d'Antonio 73, 94 Soderini, Piero, Gonfalonier 356, Turco, Tadeo di Nicholaio del 189 357-8,377,39°-91,4°3, Turin: 4°7-8,4°9,413,418,457 Biblioteca Reale, Leonardo self­ Sodoma, Il see Bazzi, Giovanni portrait II-I3, 477, 492-3 Sogliani, Paolo di Giovanni II9-20 Codex see Leonardo (writings and Solario, Andrea 235, 270,404-5 manuscripts) South Dakota National Music Museum 156 Uccello, Paolo 65, 71 Squarcialupi, Francesco 157 Ugolini, Luca 362 Stampa, Barbara 457 Urbino 343, 345-6, 35 2 Stampa, Filippo 457 Urbino, Dukes of see Montefeltro Stanga, Marchesino 248, 301 Urbino, Francesco da 386 Stendhal439 Uzielli, Gustavo 19, Il5 Strozzi, Filippo II6 Suardi, Bartolomeo (Bramantino) 235, Val di Chiana 350-51, 360, 372 299,307,309,314,319,410 Val d'EIsa 168-9 Valsassina 277-8 Taccone, Baldassare 251, 283, 308 Valtellina 278-9 Tebaldi, Tommaso 226 Vante see Attavante di Gabriello Tenniel, Sir John 262 Vaprio d'Adda 448, 451-2, 485 Thiis, Jens 123-4 Varchi, Benedetto 462 Tinctoris, J ohannes 158 Vasari, Giorgio 9-10,71,72,76,398, Tito, Santi di 346 465 -

INDEX

Vasari, Giorgio - cont. on Michelangelo 9,354-5,376, on Bramante 195 377,380- 81 on Bramantino 314 on Mona Lisa 333, 361-2, 363 on Brunelleschi 70, 9 2, 94-5 omits Leda 396 collection: drawings by Leonardo omits Leonardo's illegitimacy 27 and Verrocchio 78 on Pacioli 303 on knot-pattern engravings 42 on Rustici 414-15 on Last Supper 297-8, 302, 404 on Salai II6, 272, 273 on Leo X's relationship with on Segni 398 Leonardo 466-7 and Sforza Horse project 282, 283 on Leonardo as musician 155-9 on della T orre 443 on Leonardo anechnologist 145-6 on Toscanelli 70 on Leonardo's beauty and grace 127 on Verrocchio 9,72,81,87,103, on Leonardo's 'capricious mixtures' 139 of paint 467 on Virgin and Child with St Anne on Leonardo's education and 33 2 -3 apprenticeship 53-4,61,78 works 415 on Leonardo's lack of religion and Last Judgement 98 late conversion 483, 499-500 Palazzo Vecchio fresco-cycle 391, on Leonardo's lizard prank 43, 393-4,485 463-4 Vatican 478 on Leonardo's love of animals 43 Codex Urbinas 5,434 on Leonardo's perception of his Leonardo, St Jerome see Leonardo own gifts 192 '" (paintings and frescos) on Leonardo's pupils in Milan 233 Villa Belvedere 462-4 on Leonardo's studies (preventing Venezia, Piero Borgi da 214 him from painting) 24 I Venice 328-31, 435 on Leonardo's uncle 25 Accademia: on Leonardo's visit to Milan (1482) Leonardo: drawing of hand 469; 166 drawing for San Lorenzo on Filippo Lippi 301 fac;:ade 484; sketch for Last Lives of the Artists 9-10,71,76, Supper 295,296; study for 398 Virgin and Child with St Anne second edition (1568) 13, 173-4, 334; Vitruvian Man drawing 4II, 483; portrait of Leonardo see Leonardo (drawings and 13,451 maps) on lost works of Leonardo: Colleoni statue 181, 249 Adam and Eve and Medusa engraving and printing in 40-42, 104-5,460 30 5-6,3 2 9 buckler 105-7 Verrocchio, Andrea del 72-8, IF, on Madonna of the Carnation 102 157, 165,480 on Giuliano de' Medici 461-2 influences on 57, 85 on Melzi 4II, 452 inventory 75-6 INDEX

Leonardo's apprenticeship with see Vilanis, Battista de 486, 498-9 Leonardo (life) Vinci (town and area) I7-I8, 20-21, portraits of 76-7,86 22-3,25,28,42,48,51-3,385, Vasari on see Vasari, Giorgio 387 works 72, 74-5, 78, 82,90-91, art in 56-7 100, 103,172 olive industry 37-40 Baptism of Christ (with additions origin of name 40 by Leonardo) 50,81,103, 104, wicker baskets 40-42 172,405, PI. 7 Vinci (da) family 17-30, 28, 29-30 bas-reliefs (attrib.) 81 Leonardo's forebears 21-2 cathedral orb and cross 94-5 Leonardo's mother see Buti, Colleoni statue 181, 249 Caterina David 74-5, I75-6, 378 properties I7-I9, 2I-4, 38 drawing of youth (also attrib. puns on name 40 Leonardo) 121-2,I23 Vinci, Albiera da see Amadori, Albiera Fortaguerri monument 121, 124 di Giovanni Madonna and Child paintings 81, Vinci, Alessandra da 465 85, 101-2, 124, 134; Aiadonna Vinci, Antonio da (Leonardo's of the Carnation see Leonardo grandfather) 22-4, 28, 33, 38, (paintings and frescos); 51,62,384 Aiadonna and Child with Two record of Leonardo's birth 19-21 Angels 80 Vinci, Antonio di Ser Piero da Lorenzo de' Aiedici 90 (Leonardo's half-brother) 107 Medici commissions 90,91, Vinci, Domenico da (Leonardo's half­ 92-3,100,102,111,139, brother) 3 8 5 166 Vinci, Francesco da (Leonardo's Mercato Vecchio clock 285 uncle) 25,29-30,104,385,387, Pistoia altarpiece 124-5 412- 1 4 Tobias and the Angel (with Vinci, Giovanni da 22 contributions by Leonardo) Vinci, Ser Giuliano da (Leonardo's 88-9,99,108, PI. 4 half-brother) 413, 464-5 Venus and Cupid sketch (with Vinci, Leonardo da see Leonardo da additions attrib. to Leonardo) Vinci III Vinci, Lucia da (Leonardo's Woman with a Bunch of Flowers grandmother) 23,36,56 I08-9, 110, 111,201 Vinci, Ser Piero da (Leonardo's father) Vesalius, Andreas 423 19,20,61-3,66-7,73,140,493 Vespucci, Agostino di 372, 414 intheI500s331,33~356 Vespucci, Amerigo di 360 birth and early career 23, 24-5, Vespucci, Matteo di II2 26-7,28,29-30,33 Vespucci, Piero di 194 buckler episode 105-7 Vezzosi, Alessandro 78 death and will of 384-5,387,412 Vigevano 288, 291, 316, 317 first wife see Amadori, Albiera

621 INDEX

Vinci, Ser Piero da - cont. Dante on fame 184 legitimate children r9, r07, 331, David (after Michelangelo) 382 384,387,412,499 'The Deluge' (notes) 475-6 and Leonardo's apprenticeship 61, elephant-musician 260 67,74,78 emblems 436-7 and San Donato monastery 168 geometrical designs and second and third marriages 62,107 anatomical studies with list of Vinci, Ser Piero da ('the elder') 22 names 438 Vinci, Violante (Leonardo's aunt) 23, grotesques 261-4, PI. 18 25,57, 125 on harmonious proportions Visconti family 186, 251, 264, 269, 245 289,325,330 horse analysis 249 Visconti, Galeazzo 496 infant in profile 199-200 Visconti, Gaspare 306-7, 386-7 Madonna and child with infant Vitelli, Vitellozzo 345, 350, 352 StJohn(I470s) 136 V~rurius55,202,224,245-7,26~ Lorenzo de' Medici (?) 168 309,406,433 military chariot with horses 44 mother and baby with word-lists Warhol, Andy 370 13 6 Washington, DC, National Gallery: Pointing Lady 493, 501 anon. Madonna of the Pomegranate portable cannon (c. 1484) 190 (Dreyfus Madonna) 102 portraits of young men (Salai?) Leonardo, Ginevra de' Benci see 273-4 Leonardo (paintihgs and fresco~ ) property between rivers 387 Webster, John 489 rebuses or picture-puzzles (sheets Wedekind, Frank 368 of) 218-19, 251 Wilde, Oscar 369 riddles using musical notation Wilson, Laurie 470 159 Windsor Castle, Royal Library: St John the Baptist (silverpoint) anon.: 124 announcing angel (sketch by a studies: Adoration 175-6; Battle pupil) 468-9, 472 of Anghiari 469; costumes and sketch of nude young woman profile of Orpheus 434; hands (attrib. Leonardo pupil) 441 I09-rr; Last Supper 293-7, Tovaglia villa (copy of Leonardo 302; Leda 429, 440-41; drawing) 334-5 Madonna of the Yardwinder or Leonardo drawings and Mona Lisa (red chalk) 363; manuscripts 4 Sforza Horse 249, 281 Alpine scenes 277 'The sun does not move' 432 anatomical 4, 163, 207, 242-5, Val di Chi ana map 351-2 279,420,441,481-3 Melzi: bear's hind-leg 279 copies of Leonardo drawings cats with dragon 46 410

622 INDEX

portrait of Leonardo (attrib.) Zacchia, Lorenzo 391-2 12-13,41~451-3,Pl . 15 Zenale, Bernardo 196, 309 view from elos Luce (attrib.) 488, Zola, Emile 368 497 Zollner, Frank 367 Witelo 269 Zoroastro see Masini, Tommaso di Giovanni Yeats, W. B. 368

j