Supplemental Assets- Lesson 2

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Supplemental Assets- Lesson 2 Supplemental Assets- Lesson 2 The following resources are from the archives at Yad Vashem and can be used to supplement Lesson 2, Antisemitism, in Echoes and Reflections. In this lesson, you learn about the origins of antisemitism, the place of antisemitism in Nazi ideology, and its similarities and differences to classic and modern antisemitism. You also learn about pre-war Jewish life in Germany and how the Nazi government used propaganda to exploit antisemitic attitudes among the German people and to create an atmosphere of terror. More information about the Kristallnacht Pogrom In this lesson, you meet Esther Clifford. Learn about the fate of some members of Esther's family during the Holocaust by clicking on the pages of testimony identified with . In this lesson, you meet Judith Becker. Learn more about Judith's experience living in Germany in the 1930s by reading the testimonies below: • Judith Becker talks about racism lessons in German schools. • Judith Becker talks about children of mixed marriages in Germany. Key Words • Antisemitism • Der Stuermer • Propaganda, Nazi • Swastika Encyclopedia • Films, Antisemitic • Goebbels, Joseph • Protocols of the Elders of Zion • Racism • Streicher, Julius Photographs • An Antisemitic Propaganda Poster from France • A Caricature Entitled: "Departure of the Jews from Germany" • A French 1921 Edition of the Protocols of The Elders of Zion, the Title Reads: "The Jewish Danger". • Vienna, Austria, 1938, An Exhibition Titled: The Eternal Jew • Koeln, Germany, 1934, Germans Dressed as Jews at an Antisemitic Exhibit in a Carnival • Cologne, Germany, 1933, SA Men Forcing Jews to March Wearing Antisemitic Signboards • Germany, A Sign that Reads: "The Jews Are Unwelcome Visitors" • Germany, Sign at a Village Entrance : "Jews Who Enter Do So at Their Own Risk" • Germany, A Sign at the Entrance to a Village Reading: "The Locals Don't Want Any Contact with Jews". • Antisemitic Caricature, Caption: He Was Very Friendly. But I Immediately Realized That "He Was a Jew". • Antisemitic Caricature, Caption: "We Don't Care About Germany, We Only Care That We're Well Off" • An Antisemitic Caricature Depicting a Jew (Rothschild) Taking Over the World • An Antisemitic Caricature Entitled: "Pickled Pork" • Germany, A Chart Portraying the Definition of a Jew According to the Nuremberg Laws • A Racial Chart Taken from a Nazi Propaganda Booklet: Who Has German Blood? "Who Belongs to the Jewish Race? Who is of Mixed Race?" Documents • Anti-Jewish Plans of the Nazis, Published in a German Newspaper before 1933 • Extracts from Mein Kampf, 1924, by Adolf Hitler Artifacts • A Page from a Children's Antisemitic Booklet Called "Beware of the Fox" • An Antisemitic Booklet Called "Der Untermensch" Published in Berlin, 1935 • Game Pieces from an Antisemitic Game Called “Jews Out” • A Tool Used for Measuring the Bridge of the Nose for Racial Purposes .
Recommended publications
  • Holocaust : the Documentary Evidence / Introduction by Henry J
    D 804 .3 H655 1993 ..v** \ ”>k^:>00'° * k5^-;:^C ’ * o4;^>>o° • ’>fe £%' ’5 %^S' w> «* O p N-4 ^ y° ^ ^ if. S' * * ‘/c*V • • •#• O' * ^V^A. f ° V0r*V, »■ ^^hrJ 0 ° "8f °^; ^ " ^Y> »<<■ °H° %>*,-’• o/V’m*' ( ^ »1 * °* •<> ■ 11 • 0Vvi » » !■„ V " o « % Jr % > » *"'• f ;M’t W ;• jfe*-. w 4»Yv4-W-r ' '\rs9 - ^ps^fc 1 v-v « ^ o f SI ° ^SJJV o J o cS^f) 2 IISII - ?%^ * .v W$M : <yj>A. * * A A, o WfyVS? =» _ 0 c^'Tn ft / /, , *> -X- V^W/.ov o e b' j . &? \v 'Mi.»> 'Sswr o, J?<v.v w lv4><k\NJ * ^ ^ . °o \V<<> x<P o* Sffli: "£? iiPli5 XT i^sm” TT - W"» w *<|E5»; •J.oJ%P/ y\ %^p»# j*\ °*Ww; 4?% « ^WmW^O . *S° * l>t-»^\V, ” * CTo4;^o° * * : • o°^4oo° • V'O « •: v .••gpaV. \* :f •: K:#i K •#;o K il|:>C :#• !&: V ; ", *> Q *•a- vS#^.//'n^L;V *y* >wT<^°x- *** *jt 1' , ,»*y co ' >n 9 v3 ^S'J°'%‘,“'" V’t'^X,,“°y°>*e,°'S,',n * • • C\,'“K°,45»,-*<>A^'” **^*. f°C 8 ^\W- A/.fef;^ tM; i\ ^ # # ^ *J0g§S 4'°* ft V4°/ rv j- ^ O >?'V 7!&l'ev ❖ ft r Oo ^4#^irJ> 1fS‘'^s3:i ^ O >P-4* ^ rf-^ *2^70^ -r ^ ^ ._ * \44\§s> u _ ^,§<!, <K 4 L< « ,»9vyv%s« »,°o,'*»„;,* 4*0 “» o°, 1.0, -r X*MvV/'Sl'" *>4v >X'°*°y'(• > /4>-' K ** <T ^ r 4TSS "oz Vv «r >j,'j‘ cpS'a" WMW » » ,©fi^ * c^’tw °,ww * <^v4 *1 3 V/fF'-k^k z “y^3ts.\N ^ <V'’ ^V> , '~^>S/ ji^ * »j, o a> ’Cf' Q ,7—-.
    [Show full text]
  • Guides to German Records Microfilmed at Alexandria, Va
    GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA. No. 32. Records of the Reich Leader of the SS and Chief of the German Police (Part I) The National Archives National Archives and Records Service General Services Administration Washington: 1961 This finding aid has been prepared by the National Archives as part of its program of facilitating the use of records in its custody. The microfilm described in this guide may be consulted at the National Archives, where it is identified as RG 242, Microfilm Publication T175. To order microfilm, write to the Publications Sales Branch (NEPS), National Archives and Records Service (GSA), Washington, DC 20408. Some of the papers reproduced on the microfilm referred to in this and other guides of the same series may have been of private origin. The fact of their seizure is not believed to divest their original owners of any literary property rights in them. Anyone, therefore, who publishes them in whole or in part without permission of their authors may be held liable for infringement of such literary property rights. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-9982 AMERICA! HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION COMMITTEE fOR THE STUDY OP WAR DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECOBDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXAM)RIA, VA. No* 32» Records of the Reich Leader of the SS aad Chief of the German Police (HeiehsMhrer SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei) 1) THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION (AHA) COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDY OF WAE DOCUMENTS GUIDES TO GERMAN RECORDS MICROFILMED AT ALEXANDRIA, VA* This is part of a series of Guides prepared
    [Show full text]
  • Education, Science and Social Darwinism in Nazi Germany
    Education, science and social Darwinism in Nazi Germany: formation of a society based on the myth of blood and superiority of the Aryan race Autor(es): Rodrigues, Daniel Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/31294 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-0342-1_19 Accessed : 7-Oct-2021 11:47:03 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt A presente colecção reúne originais de cultura científica resultantes da investigação
    [Show full text]
  • Photography in the Third Reich C Art, Physiognomy and Propaganda HRISTOPHER EDITED by CHRISTOPHER WEBSTER
    Photography in the Third Reich C Art, Physiognomy and Propaganda HRISTOPHER EDITED BY CHRISTOPHER WEBSTER This lucid and comprehensive collec� on of essays by an interna� onal group of scholars cons� tutes a photo-historical survey of select photographers who W embraced Na� onal Socialism during the Third Reich. These photographers EBSTER developed and implemented physiognomic and ethnographic photography, and, through a Selbstgleichschaltung (a self-co-ordina� on with the regime), con� nued ( to prac� ce as photographers throughout the twelve years of the Third Reich. ED .) The volume explores, through photographic reproduc� ons and accompanying analysis, diverse aspects of photography during the Third Reich, ranging from the infl uence of Modernism, the qualita� ve eff ect of propaganda photography, and the u� lisa� on of technology such as colour fi lm, to the photograph as ideological metaphor. With an emphasis on the idealised representa� on of the German body and the role of physiognomy within this representa� on, the book examines how select photographers created and developed a visual myth of the ‘master race’ and its an� theses under the auspices of the Na� onalist Socialist state. P HOTOGRAPHY Photography in the Third Reich approaches its historical source photographs as material culture, examining their produc� on, construc� on and prolifera� on. This detailed and informa� ve text will be a valuable resource not only to historians studying the Third Reich, but to scholars and students of fi lm, history of art, poli� cs, media studies, cultural studies and holocaust studies. IN THE As with all Open Book publica� ons, this en� re book is available to read for free on the publisher’s website.
    [Show full text]
  • Heinrich Himmler Papers
    http://oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf2w1002fp Online items available Register of the Heinrich Himmler papers Finding aid prepared by Hoover Institution Library and Archives Staff Hoover Institution Library and Archives © 1998 434 Galvez Mall Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-6003 [email protected] URL: http://www.hoover.org/library-and-archives Register of the Heinrich Himmler XX060 1 papers Title: Heinrich Himmler papers Date (inclusive): 1914-1945 Collection Number: XX060 Contributing Institution: Hoover Institution Library and Archives Language of Material: German Physical Description: 15 manuscript boxes, 5 microfilm reels, 2 photo albums, 6 diaries, 27 sound tape reels(8.1 Linear Feet) Abstract: Diaries (1914-1924); photographs; photocopies and microfilm of correspondence, reports, and memoranda from the office files of the personal staff of Heinrich Himmler (1942-1944); and recordings of speeches by Himmler (1940-1944) relating to national socialism in Germany, and activities of the German police and Schutzstaffel during World War II. In part, photocopy and microfilm. Digital copies of select records also available at https://digitalcollections.hoover.org. Creator: Himmler, Heinrich, 1900-1945 Creator: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter-Partei. Reichsführer-SS.. Persönlicher Stab. Schriftgutverwaltung. Hoover Institution Library & Archives Access "Photo albums closed; digital use copies available. The remainder of the collection is open for research; materials must be requested at least two business days in advance of intended use." Publication Rights One folder in Box 15 may not be quoted. Acquisition Information Materials acquired by the Hoover Institution Library & Archives. Preferred Citation [Identification of item], Heinrich Himmler papers, [Box no., Folder no. or title], Hoover Institution Library & Archives.
    [Show full text]
  • Seduction, Delusion, & Politics
    Seduction, Delusion, & Politics: Culture within the Nazi Control System A Senior Honors Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for graduation with distinction in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University By Andrew R Scott The Ohio State University December 2010 Project Advisors: Professor John Davidson, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures Professor Alan Beyerchen, Department of History “The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil, is for good men to do nothing.” -Edmund Burke Contents Foreword……………………………………………………….1 Introduction…………………………………………………...2 Germany & the Populace………………………………….16 Hitler & Himmler……………………………………………….29 Hitler‟s Agents…………………………………………………36 Conclusion…………………………………………………….45 Appendixes……………………………………………………49 Bibliography…………………………………………………..52 1 Foreword The central themes of this theoretical work draw heavily on the social- psychological and historical interpretations produced by Philip Zimbardo and Christopher Browning, respectively. Though this is a case-study of the control system which would ultimately be implemented by the Nazis during their reign of control in Germany from 1933 to 1945, it is important to understand that the ideas put forth here are not intended to insinuate that manipulations of culture have been confined to a single epoch, rather they occur and have occurred throughout time. The contention here is that the immediate history of the German state, the pre-existing fodder for in- group and out-group distinctions, and the authoritative political and social structures combined with the ideological rhetoric and material tactics of the National Socialists to facilitate participation in atrocities by zealots and ordinary citizens alike. The work includes an introduction which shall serve to define the terms that will be discussed throughout, three middle sections titled “Germany and the Populace,” “Hitler and Himmler,” and “Hitler‟s Agents,” and a conclusion to summarize the main ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Kant's a Priori Philosophy and His Racism
    1 Kant’s a priori Philosophy and his Racism I Introduction Kant’s philosophy centrally focusses on trying to give an a priori account of conditions of the possibility of various human phenomena, including metaphysics, empirical knowledge, there being moral reasons and the nature of just political power. His a priori conditions are presented as if they are meant to be humanly universal – to apply equally to all humans. He thinks, for example, that, for humans, perceiving distinct particulars requires a priori representations of space and time; that, for humans, the possibility of empirical knowledge depends on the application of a priori concepts of substance and cause; that our reason unavoidably seeks for further explanations of any contingent phenomena we encounter; that for all humans, what counts as a valid reason for acting is constrained by the condition of respecting the humanity of each other human; and that we are morally required to create a state which has powers to coercively enforce the conditions that enable the equal political freedom of each. Despite these supposedly universal features of his a priori moral theory, Kant has racist and sexist views that seem incompatible with regarding all human beings as moral equals. Further, while his attitudes seem to have improved over time in his published works, and while his racist and sexist views mostly do not feature centrally in his most a priori works, they do continue to appear throughout his life, and certainly contemporaneously with his supposedly universal a priori theories. This leaves us with questions about how to make sense of his views and about how Kant himself understood his theories – did he intend the categorical imperative, for example, to apply only to white men? Perhaps independent of how Kant himself understood his claims there is the question of whether the theories themselves can be extricated from his racism and sexism.
    [Show full text]
  • Historicizing German Depictions of Poles, 1919-1934 THESIS
    Das Deutsche Polenbild: Historicizing German Depictions of Poles, 1919-1934 THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Paul N Niebrzydowski Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2012 Master's Examination Committee: Alan Beyerchen, Advisor James Bartholomew Christopher Otter Copyright by Paul N Niebrzydowski 2012 Abstract After the armistice that marked the end of the Great War, the continuing conflict on Germany’s eastern border contributed to the weakened German self-image. Poles, newly confident and militaristic after having witnessed the rebirth of their nation, stood as a perceived, and oftentimes real, threat to the German state and identity. The present work explores how the experience of conflict between Germans and Poles on Germany’s eastern border contributed to a change in inflection of German stereotypes of Poles. Though still bearing the mark of 19 th century stereotypes, which cast the Poles as backward and fit to be colonized, interwar propaganda added an image of Poles as an aggressive and militaristic threat to the German identity. The uprising in Posen and the administration of the Upper Silesian plebiscite stood out in Germans' minds as examples of Germany's weakening sovereignty, not only in the face of its neighbor, but also at the hands of the Allies. When the Nazis came to power, they employed a renewed rhetoric of colonization of the east. Whereas Germany's colonies had been lost after the Great War, the Third Reich hoped to once again colonize the east.
    [Show full text]
  • A Nazi German Cartoon Circa 1938 Depicts the Jews As an Octopus Encircling the Globe.1
    A Nazi German cartoon circa 1938 depicts the Jews as an octopus encircling the globe.1 1 Plank, Josef. “Churchill and the Great Republic: Seppla, Jews as an Octopus Encircling the Globe.” Library of Congress. 1935-1943. http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/churchill/interactive/_html/wc0213.html ANTI-SEMITISM IN NAZI GERMANY Isaac Farhadian From the first century of the Christian Era, economic powerhouses, media owners, for a period reflecting two thousand years of Marxists, World War I backstabbers, and anti-Semitism, there have been three singular World War II instigators.4 The third and final anti-Judaic measures implemented against stage of Hilberg’s cyclical triad was fully European populations of Jewish people: executed under the Nazis’ fanatical belief conversion, expulsion, and complete that Jews initiated the Second World War. annihilation.2 Raul Hilberg argues that anti- The National Socialists did not ―discard the Semitism has had three successive goals past; they built upon it; they did not begin a during its post-Roman era. Hilberg proclaims development; they completed it.‖ 5 that the ―missionaries of Christianity had said The earliest accounts of National Socialist in effect: You have no right to live among us anti-Semitic policies towards Jews originated as Jews. The secular rulers who followed during the infant stages of the socialist proclaimed: You have no right to live among movement which gained ground under the us. The German Nazis decreed: You have no 6 3 highly unpopular Weimar Republic. The right to live.‖ Why was anti-Semitism so lack of stability of the Weimar regime was widespread in Germany, both in the political largely attributed to the humiliating defeat of sphere and in the cultural sphere, and what the Great War, the subjugation of foreign were the contributing factors that led to the oppression, and the economic depression that near-annihilation of European Jewry? 7 followed soon afterwards.
    [Show full text]
  • Aryan Ancestors, Pariahs and the Lunatic Fringe
    Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 25 Number 25 Fall 1991 Article 2 10-1-1991 Aryan Ancestors, Pariahs and the Lunatic Fringe M. Dorothy Figueria State University of New York at Stony Brook Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Recommended Citation Figueria, M. Dorothy (1991) "Aryan Ancestors, Pariahs and the Lunatic Fringe," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 25 : No. 25 , Article 2. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol25/iss25/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Figueria: Aryan Ancestors, Pariahs and the Lunatic Fringe ARYAN ANCESTORS, PARIAHS AND THE LUNATIC FRINGE DOROTHY M. FIGUEIRA In going East . everyone . ought to feel that he is going to his "old home," full of memories, if only he can read them.1 If we follow them [the Indian poets] cautiously, we shall find that with some effort we are still able to walk in their footsteps.2 De l'lnde . descend un torrent de lumiere, un fleuve de Droit et de Raison.3 I Historians of the occult have made irresponsible claims to the influences of Eastern cosmic theories and practical methods for spiritual development upon National Socialism.4 Mythologizers of Nazism as well as sober scholars have drawn a causal relation- ship between early Sanskrit philology, Indian philosophy
    [Show full text]
  • Lars Westerlund, the Finnish SS-Volunteers and Atrocities
    LARS WESTERLUND The Finnish SS-VOLUNTEERS AND ATROCITIES 1941–1943 SKS The Finnish SS-VOLUNTEERS AND ATROCITIES 1941–1943 LARS WESTERLUND THE FINNISH SS-VOLUNTEERS AND ATROCITIES against Jews, Civilians and Prisoners of War in Ukraine and the Caucasus Region 1941–1943 An Archival Survey Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura – Finnish Literature Society Kansallisarkisto – The National Archives of Finland Helsinki 2019 Steering Group Permanent State Under-Secretary Timo Lankinen, Prime Minister’s Office / Chair Research Director Päivi Happonen, The National Archives of Finland Director General Jussi Nuorteva, The National Archives of Finland Legal Adviser Päivi Pietarinen, Office of the President of the Republic of Finland Production Manager, Tiina-Kaisa Laakso-Liukkonen, Prime Minister’s Office / Secretary Project Group Director General Jussi Nuorteva, The National Archives of Finland / Chair Research Director Päivi Happonen, The National Archives of Finland / Vice-Chair Associate Professor Antero Holmila, University of Jyväskylä Dean of the Faculty of Law, Professor Pia Letto-Vanamo, University of Helsinki Professor Kimmo Rentola, University of Helsinki Academy Research Fellow Oula Silvennoinen, University of Helsinki Docent André Swanström, Åbo Akademi University Professor, Major General Vesa Tynkkynen, The National Defence University Professor Lars Westerlund Researcher Ville-Pekka Kääriäinen, The National Archives of Finland / Secretary Publisher’s Editor Katri Maasalo, Finnish Literature Society (SKS) Proofreading and translations William Moore Maps Spatio Oy Graphic designer Anne Kaikkonen, Timangi Cover: Finnish Waffen-SS troops ready to start the march to the East in May or early June 1941. OW Coll. © 2019 The National Archives of Finland and Finnish Literature Society (SKS) Kirjokansi 222 ISBN 978-951-858-111-9 ISSN 2323-7392 Kansallisarkiston toimituksia 22 ISSN 0355-1768 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
    [Show full text]
  • Holocaust Remembrance and Representation Documentation from a Research Conference
    Holocaust Remembrance and Representation Documentation from a Research Conference Research anthology of the Inquiry on a Museum about the Holocaust Stockholm 2020 Swedish Government Official Reports SOU 2020:21 Layout: Committee Service Unit, Government Offices of Sweden Cover: Elanders Sverige AB Printed by: Elanders Sverige AB, Stockholm 2020 ISBN 978-91-38-25044-0 ISSN 0375-250X Preface This anthology is the documentation from the international research conference on Holocaust remembrance and representation held in Stockholm in February 12–13 2020 arranged by the Inquiry on a Museum about the Holocaust (Ku 2019:01). It contains the keynotes and papers presented at the conference as well as summaries of the panel discussions. The conference was an important input for the inquiry in putting together its report. The mission of the inquiry was to propose how a museum to pre- serve the memory of the Holocaust in Sweden should be established. The terms of reference for the inquiry points out that stories from survivors with a connection to Sweden should be of central impor- tance. The museum should also be able to describe the Holocaust in a broad historical context as well as Sweden’s role during the Second World War. The museum should have a strong foundation in current research on the Second World War and the Holocaust, and establish international networks, both within research and with other museums focused on the Holocaust. One important part of the task was to gather knowledge and infor- mation from scholars, museums, government authorities, civil society and other organizations currently working on issues relating to the Holocaust, in Sweden.
    [Show full text]