Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Theses Department of History Summer 8-7-2012 "Little Holes to Hide In": Civil Defense and the Public Backlash Against Home Fallout Shelters, 1957-1963 John R. Whitehurst
[email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses Recommended Citation Whitehurst, John R., ""Little Holes to Hide In": Civil Defense and the Public Backlash Against Home Fallout Shelters, 1957-1963." Thesis, Georgia State University, 2012. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_theses/58 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. ―LITTLE HOLES TO HIDE IN‖: CIVIL DEFENSE AND THE PUBLIC BACKLASH AGAINST HOME FALLOUT SHELTERS, 1957-1963 by JOHN WHITEHURST Under the Direction of John McMillian ABSTRACT Throughout the 1950s, U.S. policymakers actively encouraged Americans to participate in civil defense through a variety of policies. In 1958, amidst confusion concerning which of these policies were most efficient, President Eisenhower established the National Shelter Plan and a new civil defense agency titled The Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization. This agency urged homeowners to build private fallout shelters through print media. In response, Americans used newspapers, magazines, and science fiction novels to contest civil defense and the foreign and domestic policies that it was based upon, including nuclear strategy. Many Americans re- mained unconvinced of the viability of civil defense or feared its psychological impacts on socie- ty.