Geneva 28 Rations and Views on Multilateralism in Directrice Générale De L’ONUG, Mme Tatiana Young UN

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FEATURED / À LA UNE Interview with UNOG Director- General Ms. Tatiana Valovaya – p. 10

UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Interview with Ms. Carolyn Rodrigues Birkett Director of FAO Liaison Office – p. 22

GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Genève et le multilatéralisme – p. 34

OUR 70th ANNIVERSARY 794 – OCT. 2019 & NEW LEADERSHIP AT UNOG 1114_19_Inserat_Denk_sicher_besser_laenger_leben_A4abf.indd 1 www.uniqa.ch Think longer safer,

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FEATURED / À LA UNE Interview with UNOG Director- General Ms. Tatiana Valovaya – p. 10

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GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Genève et le multilatéralisme – p. 34

OUR 70th ANNIVERSARY 794 – OCT. 2019 & NEW LEADERSHIP AT UNOG ALEXANDER MEJIA

What does it means to exist for seven Qu’est-ce que cela signifie d’exister pendant decades? It depends on in what context 7 décennies ? Cela dépend du contexte dans you ask, but when it pertains to a publi- lequel vous posez la question, mais quand il cation, it means a lot of time. UN Special s’agit d’une publication, cela signifie beau- was created in October 1949, when the coup de temps. UN Special a été créé en United Nations was only four years old octobre 1949, alors que les Nations Unies EDITOR’S NOTE / ÉDITORIAL 3 and when Europe was just recovering n’avaient que quatre ans et que l’Europe FEATURED / À LA UNE from the scourge of war. It has survived se remettait à peine du fléau de la guerre. A magazine for changing times 5 trials and tribulations, changes of admin- Elle a survécu à des épreuves et des tribula- The 70 years of UN Special’s exceptional istration, economic turmoil and editorial tions, à des changements d’administration, partnership must continue 8 challenges. It continues to appear month à des bouleversements économiques et à Interview with UNOG Director-General after month, year after year because of the des défis éditoriaux. Il continue de paraître Ms. Tatiana Valovaya 10 loyalty of the volunteers that write and put mois après mois, année après année, grâce La Fête des Vignerons. Perennity together the content, as well as the support à la fidélité des bénévoles qui rédigent et in a time of climate change 12 of the advertisers that pay for the printing assemblent le contenu, ainsi qu’à l’appui and distribution. And most important than des annonceurs qui paient l’impression et UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES anything else, UN Special is indeed special la distribution. Et le plus important, c’est Have we come from the four corners because of you, the UN staff members and que UN Special est vraiment spécial grâce of the earth? 14 diplomats that read it. Without all of these à vous, les membres du personnel de l’ONU Celebrating the past and present, enabling factors, we would not be around et les diplomates qui l’ont lu. Sans tous ces looking to the future 16 anymore. So here it is, the edition that facteurs favorables, nous ne serions plus The new UN strategy against commemorates exactly 70 years since we là. La voici donc, l’édition qui commémore hate speech 20 first appeared at the Palais des Nations. exactement 70 ans depuis notre première Interview with Ms. Carolyn Rodrigues We hope you enjoy it. apparition au Palais des Nations. Nous Birkett Director of FAO Liaison Office 22 espérons que vous l’apprécierez. In it you will find an interview with our Promotion of multilingualism new UNOG Director-General Ms. Tatiana Dans cette édition, vous trouverez éga- in Africa 26 Valovaya, who shared with us her inspi- lement un entretien avec notre nouvelle Sign Languages at UN Geneva 28 rations and views on multilateralism in Directrice générale de l’ONUG, Mme Tatiana Young UN. A cross-UN movement Geneva. Valovaya, qui nous fait part de sa vision du for change 30 multilatéralisme à Genève. Mix & Mash 32 Other topics include interviews with Mr. Jeunes Reporters à l’ONU. Adama Dieng, the UN Secretary-Gener- Mentionnons aussi les entretiens avec L’égalité hommes-femmes au travail 37 al’s Special Adviser for the Prevention of M. Adama Dieng, Conseiller spécial du Genocide, and with Ms. Carolyn Rodrigues Secrétaire général de l’ONU pour la pré- GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Birkett, Director of the FAO Liaison Office, vention du genocide, et avec Mme Carolyn Genève et le multilatéralisme 34 who discussed with us the importance of Rodrigues Birkett, Directrice du Bureau de Confédération, Canton et Ville réaffirment FAO’s work. liaison de la FAO. le rôle de Genève comme centre de Finally, we hope our readers will enjoy our Enfin, nous espérons que nos lecteurs gouvernance mondiale 35 travel stories, be they about Switzerland apprécieront les récits de voyage que ce World Stroke Day – 29 October 2019 36 to discover the 26 Cantons or abroad in soit en Suisse ou à l’étranger pour découvrir Se former aux ODD : un défi à la fois Cape Verde. le Cap-Vert. crucial et complexe 38 Happy reading! n Bonne lecture ! n ART & CULTURE À vos agendas. Save the date 40 La Suisse inconnue, à la découverte The official magazine of the international La revue officielle des fonctionnaires des 26 cantons. Neuchâtel : Cornaux 42 civil servants of the United Nations at internationaux des Nations Unies à Genève CAP-VERT . Beauté volcanique 44 Geneva and of the World Health Organization et de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé

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ComptoirImmobilier_UNS_octobre_2019.indd 1 17.09.19 13:25 FEATURED / À LA UNE A magazine for changing times

ALEX MEJIA, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF, them? They are definitely bet- magazine serves not only as a SARAH BENCHERIF, UNITAR ter than the myriad of digital record, but is imbued with that When a few colleagues decided pictures that you can store visionary spirit. To preserve our to create a magazine in Octo- in your phone or computer, history, to debate the issues of ber 1949, one might won- because they carry a feeling the day, and to express our der what exactly was on their and sentiment that can only be visions and aspirations for minds. Amongst their objectives expressed when you touch the tomorrow. must have been to create an paper. These pages are unique entity that would become part of and are also about the future. The names of the UN Special the institutional memory of the It is so, because the path founders are almost forgotten United Nations in Geneva, and ahead has been on the minds today, so it is indeed fitting which would endure through of every UN staff member to remember them: Mr. R. J. the changing times that char- and diplomat since the very Spector, Mr. G. Lambert-Lam- acterize life at the Palais des creation of our Organization. ond, Mr. P. Luent, Mr. A. Miller, Nations. And, perhaps more We are about the future. We Mr. R. Nivelle, Mr. W. Bielkine importantly, those founders are tasked with the historic and Ms. J. Spencer. And the of the magazine must have post-war mandate of making first Editor-in-Chief, Mr. R. wanted to create a record of this world better: with lasting J. Spector, managed to build the evolving priorities and life- peace, better standards of life, the foundation of what was styles of staff from one decade more equality, and enduring to become the central ethos of to another. disarmament. If you analyse our magazine: a combination the news that our founding of volunteer work and editorial And endure the magazine did. colleagues read every day in professionalism that makes this And a record it became. And 1949, it was about rebuild- publication worth reading. The it is certainly one of the most ing Europe with the Marshall first Director-General of UNOG, important sources of the insti- Plan; the shaping of the new Mr. Wlodzimierz Moderow, also tutional memory of our profes- multilateral architecture; and decided to support the creation sional life at the Palais. But it the international striving to of a staff magazine at that time. also covers important aspects avoid repeating the mistakes of He also instilled the beginnings of the life of all UN staff in our Organization’s predecessor, of a tradition that has ensued Geneva, outside the Palais the League of Nations. Those throughout the seven decades and specially at WHO, the colleagues were embedded of our existence: a positive and other founding partner of our in the central institution that respectful relationship between magazine. And, it goes even would become the guardian the Staff Association and the further beyond those territo- of the Universal Declaration Administration. And that car- ries, as it also reflects what of Human Rights adopted the ries value, because sometimes the diplomatic missions in this previous year, in 1948. They we have been at loggerheads town are about. So, it slowly but were also observing the fluid and in conflict, but never lost surely became more than the scenario in Palestine after the sight of the fact that we are to magazine of the UN staff in this creation of the State of Israel: a exemplify the highest standards city. The UN Special is like one fragile situation that endures to of the International Civil Ser- of those family photo albums of this day. Our colleagues were vice. It is only fair to say that yesteryear. Do you remember all about the future; indeed, this UN Special has contributed to

UN Special – October 2019 | 5 maintain that level of interac- single month, those private Boutros-Ghali as well as those tion, even when we thought that sector entities decide to invest of the late Director-General of a previous DG did not deserve their money once again in the WHO Mr. Hiroshi Nakajima, our civility. I can assure you UN Special. Indeed, as they and late UNOG Director-Gen- that when you browse through continue to do so more and eral Antoine Blanca, congrat- our archives, you will under- more, we manage to contrib- ulating the magazine on that stand that UN staff at the Palais ute funds to the budget of the anniversary. do indeed represent diplomacy UNOG Staff Association and the at its best. WHO Staff Association. That is what UN Special is all In light of this celebration of about, to provide international the UN Special legacy, allow Another interesting fact is that civil servants in Geneva with me to add an interesting fact in the 100th edition in 1960, information of special and gen- of our long and productive life. you could read that Secretaries eral interest, with a forum in From the beginning, the ‘busi- had no easier time in finding which to speak out openly on ness model’ that our founding reasonably priced accommo- subjects we care about and to fathers conceived has pre- dation in Geneva than they support the struggle for salaries vailed, and this publication do today. And in the 300th and work conditions. doesn’t cost the staff associa- edition in 1974, staff were tions that created it anything at in turmoil over the salaries’ Back in 1959, upon publication all, and not the UNOG admin- purchasing power of salaries, of the 10th anniversary edition istration either. Many people and work stopped for a day of the UN Special, the editor are unaware of the fact that, as a protest. Sounds familiar, of the very first edition Mr. in other organizations, staff doesn’t it? For the 500th edi- Spector remembered that he receive financial support to tion in September 1992, special could not have imagined what undertake an endeavour such arrangements were made to UN Special would have looked as this one. All work here is vol- commemorate that milestone like 10 years into the future. untary, and all the money that it edition, by having 35,000 Now, after 70 years and some takes to design, print, and dis- copies printed and distributed 790 editions, it is our turn to tribute our magazine is raised unprecedently to UN duty sta- do the same. So, here is to the by selling advertising. That tions outside Geneva. And it next 70 years of UN staff news advertising is yet another tes- saw the contributions of the and views. n tament to our value: that every late Secretary-General Boutros

6 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 THE X7

Anz_X7_UNSpecial_210x297_CO_e.indd 1 23.09.19 10:59 FEATURED / À LA UNE The 70 years of UN Special’s exceptional partnership must continue

DR GARRY ASLANYAN, WHO, DEPUTY to me that three elements unde- EDITOR niably contribute to it. The I used to think the year 2020 magazine has always been put was so far away that I couldn’t together by volunteer members imagine reaching it. But time who are staff in Geneva. The flies when you are having fun! magazine is focused on topics What I can imagine though and issues relevant to staff. The is what our colleagues would magazine includes contribu- have thought and said 70 years tors, the majority of whom are ago had they known that the in Geneva. magazine would be so successful and still around today. As we celebrate the magazine’s 70th anniversary, I cannot not Yes, the magazine has been share with you my most mem- around for 70 years. What orable moment. It was when started as UNOG’s magazine the magazine was shortlisted quickly brought on WHO to for the UN Secretary-General’s make it broader, engage other Awards in the category of “Staff agencies and present Geneva Volunteerism” in 2015. The as the center of international application was submitted by cooperation and development. Evelina Rioukhina from UNOG UN agencies are often criticized on behalf of the magazine and for working in silos and lacking supported by the Coordinating coherence between their activi- Council. The WHO Staff Com- ties, either at global, regional or mittee and the President gave Editorial letter on WHO joining UN Special – 1950 country levels. When it comes moral support. The competition to UN Special, the partnership was fierce with initiatives and between the staff associations projects from all around the of UNOG and WHO has been world. You can imagine our an unprecedented experience. joy when we got the word that I often reflect on what UN Spe- we had been shortlisted and cial’s success factor is. It seems invited to a special ceremony

FORMATION CONTINUE INSTITUT DES SCIENCES DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT | ISE

CAS Management de l’énergie CAS Développement durable MAS Urbanisme CAS Water Governance [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

janvier > juin 2020 février > octobre 2020 février 2020 > décembre 2021 juin 2020

www.unige.ch/environnement/fr/enseignements/formcont ó [email protected]

8 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 makes UN Special special. By UNOG, Editorial Committee magazine was initiated by a a complete coincidence, I had member; Solange Behoteguy, group of colleagues as a staff

MAGAZINE DES FONCTIONNAIRES INTERNATIONAUX – THE MAGAZINE OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS to be in New York City for a UNOG Editorial Committee bulletin, which later turned meeting organized by Unicef on member; Alex Meja, Edito- into a staff magazine. Until that day. My colleagues at the rial Committee member; and now, UN Special has func- meeting very kindly let me slip Laurence Vercammen, WHO, tioned under the authority of away for a couple of hours to former Editor-in-Chief, 2014). the UNOG Coordinating Council attend the ceremony. Many of Over 100 impressive entries and the WHO Staff Association. the members of the Editorial were submitted, each exempli- It differs from all other profes- Board were able to watch the fying the dedication and pas- sional magazines and draws its live ceremony from Geneva. sion of our staff members and strength from the fact that it is

Volunteerism, values and principles We were also requested to their commitment to the values written for staff members by UN Special –finalist for the UNSG Award Volontariat et joie de Vivre Courir pour le succès - les Volunteerism provide names and some of the UN Charter. We at UN staff members. None of these athlètes de l'escalade s'entraînent à l'ONUG the core value of UN Special Holiday Recipes 755 – DÉCEMBRE 2015–JANVIER 2016 755 – DÉCEMBRE 2015–JANVIER O

N visual supports. We selected Special were highly privileged are professional journalists photos to represent Geneva and fortunate that our project or writers, but all are united Cover of UN Special being shortlisted staff who have marked UN was presented on such a pres- through their passion. for the UN Secretary-General’s award Special by their volunteerism tigious occasion in the presence (myself, Evelina Rioukhina, of the Secretary-General. If you are reading this maga- Editorial Board/Committee zine and you are a staff mem- with Secretary-General Mr. Ban Member, former Deputy Edi- On this 70th anniversary of UN ber at UNOG or WHO, you too Ki-moon and Deputy Secre- tor-in-Chief; Ian Richards, Special, I urge you all to keep to can help celebrate the 70th tary-General Jan Eliasson on 23 UNOG, former Editorial Board the spirit of these Awards and anniversary. It is simple. Call October 2015. This event was member and contributor; Olek- the dedication of all those who or email your Staff Council or even more remarkable because sandr Svirchevskyy, UNECE, have worked tirelessly to put Staff Association. Tell them to it took place on the eve of the web editor; Christian David, together this magazine over all work hard to ensure that mag- 70th anniversary of the United UNOG, former Editor-in-Chief these years. Let’s remind our- azine is there for you for a long Nations, which is also the eve (2007–2013); Sarah Jordan, selves, those involved in the time. Tell them you think the of UN Special’s birthday. This UNOG, Editorial Committee magazine’s production and exceptional partnership must characteristic is indeed what member; Marie-José Astre, our readers, that UN Special continue! n

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UN Special – October 2019 | 9 FEATURED / À LA UNE Interview with UNOG Director-General Ms. Tatiana Valovaya What drives UNOG’s new DG

UN Special speaks to the new UNOG Director-General on the people that inspired her, her role in the transformation of the Soviet Union, and the future of multilateralism in Geneva. © UNIS Geneva

IAN RICHARDS, UNCTAD “publishing revolutionary arti- A regular op-ed contributor, ministry, found herself in I walked into the Director-Gen- cles that could have cost him she decided to pursue a media charge of economic and mon- eral’s office. Unlike a previous his career,” while also writ- career full time, landing a job in etary integration matters, as visit and of what I had heard ing books on history.When it 1984 at The Economic Gazette, well as press attaché; there from many colleagues, the came to university, she first a weekly that she described as were only four staff. air-conditioning was off. wanted to be a chemist, but being a cross between of The Once again Valovaya was a “I had to turn it off, she replied. then decided to follow in her Economist and Financial Times. woman in a minority, one of People were complaining. For parents’ footsteps and studyLindegger_Ruswiss-59x84_Prod:Mise One year later, perestroika was the first en female page diplomats1 16. in the me, the colder the better.” microeconomics and finance. set in motion. It was an exciting Soviet foreign service. But she This might seem normal for She chose the department of time to be writing. “We were didn’t have time to be fazed. someone who grew up and international economic rela- publishing revolutionary arti- Things were moving fast, both spent much of her life in Mos- tions, a faculty in which she cles. We could publish almost at home and in Brussels. That cow, even if her years in Brus- was one of three girls in Shutterstock 30 anything.” period saw European monetary sels, of which more later, were students. Following undergrad- union, the energy charter, and to shape her life path. uate studies, she progressed And the magazine, she believes, in 1994, the Treaty of Maas- to a PhD in which she focused was having an influence on the tricht. Tatiana Valovaya spent her on the European monetary country’s direction. Colleagues childhood in the Soviet capi- system, and published a book left for jobs in government, Yet it also held bitter-sweet tal where both parents worked predicting “another wave and soon she was tapped by a memories. “It was while at the late every day. Something she of monetary integration in contributor who had just been Maastricht talks, at the same

thought normal until she and Europe”. Describing herself SA - photo: BOOSTER communication as appointed Soviet ambassador time the European Union was her sister went to play with a “big supporter of European to the then European Com- created, that I found out about the kids next door. Her mother integration,” those views went munity. Would he join her in the break-up of the Soviet was a professor of econom- against prevailing Soviet ortho- Brussels? Union.” ics, her father the deputy doxy at the time but set the Yes, she replied. And after Now a member of the Rus- editor of Pravda, at the time scene for much of her career. an interviewoptometry at the foreign sian mission she nevertheless contact lenses optometryeyewear - contact lenses - instruments - eyewear - instruments

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10 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 worked closely with her coun- to work on Eurasian integra- new job, running the UN office those most affected are least terparts from the newly inde- tion. in Geneva, at a time when to blame.” pendent countries, encouraged What started as a fledgling Geneva’s role as a host city is With one of her largest portfo- by an EU that favoured a sim- Eurasian Economic Commu- being called into question? lios being the 850 million dollar ilar regional community to its nity in 2000, led to a union in “I don’t think Geneva is under renovation and construction East. This was to become the 2015, with, mirroring the EU, a threat. It is unique in the qual- works for the Palais, I asked Commonwealth of Independent commission to run it. She was ity and expertise it can pro- how she would ensure proper States. duly made a commissioner with vide. There are lots of NGOs management of the project. Looking back over that period responsibility for economic and research institutions. “I am dealing with decisions I asked Valovaya if the reforms integration and new mem- We need to use international that have already been taken. her home country went through bers. Having been there from Geneva much more. But we I have inherited a half-year could have been done differ- the start, she remains proud of have to be more competitive delay. It is important that we ently. what the union has achieved. A and provide better services.” finish within budget and on No, she replied, “they were the single market in goods and ser- And the threat to multila time. We need transparent only possible way to do them. vices for one. But it also meant, teralism? discussions.” They were difficult times, but for example, that Kyrgyz work- “Multilateralism is not disap- Before closing, I asked her how everyone felt the benefits, ers could now work legally in pearing! There is more demand she intends to deal with reports which were not just economic. Russia, unlike before, “with full for it than ever. We now see of harassment at the office, You could write what you want, rights. They were not afraid of companies bigger than small given that Secretary-General read what you want and travel the authorities anymore.” member states and operating Antonio Guterres had made it abroad.” It was while there that she outside national systems. We one of his priorities. started working more closely are seeing a change in the “Staff should know that they Valovaya eventually left Brus- with the UN, taking part in social and economic order that can be absolutely secure,” she sels, and after a writing a doc- meetings in New York and happens every 200 years. We replied, “and I will continue toral thesis, and then a book Geneva, cooperating with UNC- need rules.” with zero tolerance.” on the lessons the CIS could TAD and developing reports on “But we need to find forms learn from European economic the sustainable development of multilateralism acceptable “I will be tough on this mat- and monetary integration, was goals. to all member states. Climate ter.” n asked by the Russian president And what does she make of her change is a good example:

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UN Special – October 2019 | 11 FEATURED / À LA UNE © Véronique Magnin © Véronique La Fête des Vignerons Perennity in a time of climate change

Too bad if you missed it… the next and no more than five can be in the life of a vineyard. It organized in one century. Each takes the form of a dialogue edition will take place in 20 to one is different, but the themes, between a young girl, Julie, and 25 years… or will it? like the process of winemaking, her grandfather, who initiates are the same, year after year, her to the art of winemaking. generation after generation. Twenty scenes, or tableaux, starting and ending with the I was lucky enough to attend grape harvest, describe the SARAH JORDAN, DEPUTY EDITOR is often referred to as a once in the opening performance hard physical work involved This summer in Switzerland, a generation, or even a once in this year, during which the in cultivating the vine and the THE event not to miss was a lifetime, experience. Confrérie’s Abbé-Président social lives of those who work undoubtedly the Fête des crowned the best winegrow- in and around the vineyards Vignerons, which took place The text in the photograph ers, including for the very first (playing the Swiss card game from 18 July to 11 August in below is an excerpt from a time in more than two hundred Jass; a wedding; the Fair of Vevey. This celebration has UN Special article published years, a woman. But winegrow- Saint Martin – an ancestral been organized in Vevey by in 1955 – describing the fes- ing is still a male-dominated autumn fair during which the the Confrérie des Vignerons tival that took place that year. profession and the overall winemakers received their pay (Society of Winegrowers) for What struck me on reading it winegrower king of 2019 was a and made merry). Permeating more than two centuries, and was how similar it sounds to man, Jean-Daniel Berthet. Next all of this, is Mother Nature, as the 2019 edition was certainly the festival I saw. I had not yet time, in the 2040s, if there is in so many ancestral celebra- one of superlatives: 25 shows, been born then and our maga- a next time, maybe it will be a tions the world over. The peren- 20,000 spectators for each in zine was just six years old. Two queen, as we shall see in the nity of the seasons, the lake and a specially built arena, a cast festivals have been held since unfolding story below. water in general and the cos- of 5,500, the majority of whom then, in 1977 and 1999. They mos with the sun, the moon and were local people – non-pro- are always held in an odd year, The show dramatizes a year the stars were the backdrop for fessionals and unpaid – and a total of a million visitors to the town of Vevey. And while we are on the subject of perennity… Un Special magazine is celebrating its 70th birthday – as The festival, which celebrates Deputy Editor and a contributor for the last decade or so, I, of winegrowers and their tradi- course, wish our staff magazine many happy returns. Three tions, was, in 2016, the first, score years and ten is a good innings for a magazine run by volunteers. However, UN Special is threatened on at least two and to this date, the only Swiss counts. Firstly, traditional print journalism, faced with digital event to be inscribed on the media, is in decline and secondly, the world of advertising UNESCO Representative List is so dominated by GAFA (Google, Apple, Facebook, and of the Intangible Cultural Her- Amazon) and their acolytes that those who used to pay for itage of Humanity. The festival advertisements in print publications are no longer doing so – was first held in 1797 and this threatening the existence of print-based advertiser-financed 2019 edition was the twelfth. publications such as this. There is a lot less at stake than This frequency, roughly every with the climate, of course, but we will have to adapt. 20 to 25 years, explains why it

12 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 including the Ranz des Vaches, Switzerland could be as hot as a first sung at the festival one Mediterranean country in sum- hundred years ago, in 1819. mer (+4.5 degrees overall) with less rain, more violent storms My first and probably only Fête and heatwaves that are longer des Vignerons was a memo- and more intense than those rable experience – as can be we have experienced in the seen from Véronique Magnin’s last few years. In winter, there photos, reproduced here. It was would be less snow and fewer grandiose and yet very easy to icy days. Not only winegrowers, relate to – timeless, perennial. but anyone who works in agri- However, the omnipresence of culture would be challenged by nature in the story, indeed the such changes. Everyone living omnipresence of nature in our here would be. And everyone human story, did cause me to living elsewhere too. Climate ponder. change is now mainstream.

© Véronique Magnin © Véronique Let’s hope that the United According to the Swiss Office Nations can garner the momen- Fédéral de Météorologie et de tum needed worldwide to cut the different tableaux and the des Vignerons of the digital era Climatologie, temperatures in carbon emissions before it is colourful costumes took their and the 800 m2 arena floor on the last 150 years have risen too late. And then our children inspiration from previous which the company performed more in the northern Alps and grandchildren will be able editions and from the tradi- was made up of 3,200 LED than in the southern Alps and to enjoy their generation’s Fête tional attire of the cantons of screens – the biggest assem- twice as fast in Switzerland des Vignerons. n Vaud and Fribourg. Animals, bly of LED screens ever. There as in the rest of the world. insects and birds joined in was rousing Swiss music too, This is because land-locked And if you did miss the festival, the DVD is available at: www.fdvshop.ch the fun, including a dragonfly, of course – an orchestra, 850 Switzerland has no sea to who hovered over the arena singers in different choirs, cool the build-up of heat. In a below. This was the first Fête soloists and traditional songs, worst case scenario, by 2060,

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UN Special – October 2019 | 13 UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Have we come from the four corners of the earth? When the ambition to do something is simply not enough

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BY FAIR INTERNSHIP INITIATIVE has become necessity rather the ambition to do something, improving community waste We’ve come from the four cor- than just opportune choice; it but many of us have come to management systems, sorting ners of the earth with the ambi- is no coincidence the number of the realization that ambition recyclables, creating jobs and tion to do something. Today, interns within the UN Secretar- is simply not enough. The curating safe spaces for other however, our future is not iat rose from 1,500 (2006-2007) ability to afford the pursuit of young people to be creative. certain: the effects of climate to almost 4,500 (2009-2010) our ambitions has become a They have created innovative change have left us with a sense just two years after the global necessity, as working full-time ways to develop public spaces of immediacy and necessity we economic crisis. Four out of and unpaid has become nor- by holding musical concerts had not previously felt. As we every five UN interns remain malized within the UN system and football tournaments. In enter boardrooms or work in unpaid, with the same num- and across the world. This a period of six years, crime the field while adorned with the ber unable to afford their UN is reflected by the statistics has been reduced by over iconic blue and white emblem internship without economic which show that the number 70% and young people have of the United Nations, we carry support from their families. of interns has increased glob- become active participants with us both the trepidation Statistically, while 90% of the ally by over 70% in the last 40 in their community’s security and hopes of all young people global population of young years. and waste management. When from across all nations. people (24 and below) reside some of the youth of Dandora in developing nations, yet less One of the four global UN head- were asked whether they’d Today, our world is the young- than one third of UN interns quarters is Nairobi, Kenya, be willing to work for the UN, est it’s ever been. Frequently are from these regions. Fur- home to the community of every young person raised their referred to as the ‘leaders of thermore, 64% of UN interns Dandora, which houses the hand. When asked whether today,‘ many of us still emerge are from high-income countries city’s largest legal dumpsite. they’d be able to afford to do from university faced with the and over 80% rely on financial In Dandora, young people so despite being unpaid for at challenge of how to become support from their families to have taken it upon themselves least three months, no hands such leaders, weighed down afford their internship. to make the changes they were left raised. with student loan debt and want to see in their commu- a youth unemployment rate We’ve come from the four cor- nity. These young people have The achievement of the sus- that is now 3x that of older ners of the earth, for some at banded together to transform tainable development goals generations. The internship great cost and sacrifice, with their neighborhood through by 2030 will require the -10% * SUR TOUTES LES OPÉRATIONS LASER !

14 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 investment in the capacity of equal chance of participation backgrounds who reside in tap into the strength of our every young person: our suc- within education, development the communities we seek to diversity and harness the col- cess will depend on our abil- initiatives, governance, and the develop, our ability to innovate lective ambition and capacity ity to include all young people, United Nations. and devise the necessary solu- of the youth of the world to such as those from Dandora. tions for the provision of future, effect necessary change. Let The inclusive participation of Many of us came from one would inevitably proliferate. us reform the UN to meet the youth who face the challenges corner of the earth with the needs of today and invest in encompassed by the SDGs in ambition to do something, In the words of Antonio all young people in order to daily life, not just those who holding an internship that was Guterres, ensure the greatest capacity of can afford to study them, will primarily a process of learn- “It is time… for leaders to listen our organization in achieving be crucial in meeting the 2030 ing the challenges of the young and show that they care, about the Sustainable Development Agenda. We all possess ambi- people we seek to help. Around their own people and about the Goals by 2030. Encourage tion, but not all of us possess one out of every seven people global stability and solidarity member states to see the need the financial capacity to ade- globally lives in an informal set- on which we all depend. And it to prioritize the people who are quately pursue our ambitions, tlement, often in extreme pov- is time for the United Nations underrepresented due to finan- in this case, the cost of the UN erty, and most cannot afford a to do the same: to recognize cial constraints and give them internship. In the case of Dai UN internship. Faced with the its shortcomings, and to reform every opportunity to sit at our Manju, a young woman from challenge of combatting pov- the way it works. This Organ- desks. Let it be our goal as the Central China, who was only erty, it has been a realization ization is the cornerstone of United Nations to provide an able to attend school due to a for many UN interns that there multilateralism and has con- internship programme repre- clerical bank error, she became are young people who would tributed to decades of relative sentative of our Charter that is a business owner with over do better than ourselves if they peace. But the challenges are free from financial exclusion, 1,000 employees. Our invest- had been able to afford to ful- now surpassing our ability to one that cultivates innovation ment in the capacity of every fill our positions, as they have respond. The UN must be ready and values the input of all young person will mean the lived the lives we seek to under- to change.” young people. n widespread prioritization of the stand. As the United Nations, contribution and voices, ideas if instead we invested in and To Antonio Guterres: allow us and opinions of young people, prioritized the voice of such to come from all corners of providing every one of us the youth from low socio-economic the world equally, so we can

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UN Special – October 2019 | 15 UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES © UN photo /Kimberly Kenny

100 Years of Multilateralism in Geneva Celebrating the past and present, looking to the future

STEFAN VUKOTI´C1, UNOG and seemingly shifting political in the International Day of and collaboration of all the Why are UN Geneva and its climate, the global multilateral Multilateralism and Diplomacy countries in the world and is partners celebrating an organ- system, headed by the United for Peace, which was marked hence the predecessor of the ization established a century Nations, is more needed than for the first time on 24 April United Nations. This organi- ago and that no longer exists? ever and is making a notable 2019. Next year the UN cel- zation turned Geneva into the What is the League of Nations’ impact. Over the past 10 years, ebrates its 75th anniversary, world’s smallest metropolis legacy for the United Nations Millennium Goals have been a testimony to the endurance as it is often called, and it is and for Geneva? Can we learn achieved and Agenda 2030 has of modern multilateralism. In the main reason that Geneva lessons from the multilateral- become virtually universally Geneva, an additional mile- is to this day a key centre of ism of the past to strengthen accepted and implemented stone is being celebrated. One multilateralism. Whereas New the multilateralism of the from Alaska to Australia, pov- hundred years ago, this mod- York is the centre of the UN future? Did you know that the erty has been reduced more ern form of multilateralism decision-making processes, it international civil service was in the past 50 years than in was born with the establish- is sometimes called the dining born 100 years ago? the previous 500, and virtually ment of the League of Nations room whereas Geneva plays all countries in the world are in this city. The League was the role of the kitchen. Virtually This year and the next are the on the same page with issues the first global organization all entities of the UN system years to celebrate multilater- such as climate action. The tasked to ensure lasting peace are represented in Geneva or alism. Despite all the criticism General Assembly also voted through the participation even have their headquarters

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16 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 here, there are hundreds of This makes it more obvious States are no longer the sole tomorrow. Environmental pro- related institutions and civil what it is that we are cele- players calling the shots in tection? We can learn from the society organizations, and a brating. We are celebrating the international relations and are League’s work on reducing the huge number of private enter- birth of modern multilateral- leveraging the assistance of civil pollution of the sea. Refugees? prises and intellectual insti- ism and its evolution from the society, academia, the private Fridtjof Nansen established tutions. This ‘eco-system’ of initial steps to the current vast sector, and even individuals, the predecessor of the UNHCR Geneva is unique in the world network of global cooperation so we follow suite. The United in Geneva under the auspices and it has contributed to the that encompasses all spheres Nations Office at Geneva, with of the League, and the Library oft-repeated phrase that every of human life. We are also cele- the UN Library Geneva in the holds his Office’s Nobel Peace person on Earth is touched in brating the fact that Geneva has lead, has established a working Prize for that work in its archi- any 24-hour period in one way a unique role in this process. cooperation to coordinate the val collection. Vaccination and or another by the activities Finally, we are celebrating our celebrations. The stakeholders medicine standards? Check,

and decisions from*ÃÃLÌÞÊÌÊ«>ÀÌV«>ÌiÊÊ`Û`Õ>Ê`ÕiÃ Geneva. shared history and the evolu- involved range from Permanent the League’s Health Organi-

And this all started*À}À>iÊÌÊLiÊ>V iÛi`ÊÊ£ÊÀÊÓÊÞi>ÀÃ 100 years tion of the international civil Missions of Member States to zation was the basis for the

Ê`ÕiÃÊ ÊÌiÀÃ «]Ê«ÀviÃÃ>Ê«ÀiVÌÊÀÊ >ÃÌiÀ½ÃÊÌ iÃÃ ago with the establishment ofÊÎÊ`>ÞÃÊ>ÊÜiiÊ service. The celebration takes the academic community to WHO. Heritage protection? the League of NationsÃ} ÌÃÊvÀÊÌ«Ê>V>`iVÃÊ>`Ê«À>VÌViÀÃÊ and the place between 24 April 2019 private foundations to local UNESCO grew directly out of International Labour Organ- (International Day of Multi- authorities and many others the League’s intellectual coop- ization, an organizationÊ«À}À>iÊ`iÃ}i`ÊvÀÊ}À>`Õ>ÌiÃÊ>`Ê«ÀviÃÃ>Ã that lateralism and Diplomacy for in Geneva and beyond. eration bodies. Better working

celebrates the incredibleÊÕµÕiÊi>À}ÊiÝ«iÀiViÊ>ÌÊÌ iÊ1ÛiÀÃÌÞÊvÊiiÛ>ÊÊV«iÀ>ÌÊÜÌ ÊÌ iÊ1Ìi`Ê mile- Peace) and 15 November 2020 conditions? >ÌÃÊ"vvViÊ>ÌÊiiÛ>ÊÊ ILO started work- stone of 100 years of work this (the 100th anniversary of the We are all joining forces, with ing on those 100 years ago and year. This was also the time 1st Assembly of the League of the invaluable participation has been successful in it ever when the international civil Nations). of various Palais des Nations since. And the list goes on. service was introduced, and departments and offices, these predecessors of ours The way we are celebrating to host events, exhibitions, To recall this fascinating his-

worked under rules and reg- the 100 Years of Multilateral- academic seminars, publish tory as a way to get inspired ulations not dissimilar to our ism in Geneva also reflects the articles,MEIG books, UNIGECH WWWMEIGCH and online con- for the future, we are looking

own, which have largely been diversity of stakeholders that tent, and bring to light the les- at the treasure trove that is the

modeled after the League’s comprise the global system of sons of the 4FQUFNCFS+VOFpast that can help UN Library Geneva’s Archives, experience. cooperation. Just as Member us plan multilateral action of where the institutional memory

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MEIG_190-130_UNS_octobre_2019.indd 1 17.09.19 14:37 UN Special – October 2019 | 17 © UN photo /Alexandra Rossi © UN photo /Kimberly Kenny of the organization is meticu- even today seen as progres- in Switzerland and abroad. A This and the coming year have lously preserved and made sive have been dealt with by few seminal books have been much more in store, focusing available for researchers, the League of Nations, who has launched, a huge academic con- primarily on the outlook for the whether they be diplomats laid foundations for the work of ference held in Lisbon, and a future. We will celebrate the and delegates or academics the United Nations today. And major discussion took place central role of Geneva together and journalists. The Library is there are so many lessons to be at the University of Geneva, with the local authorities, we a surviving part of the League, found in its history, both about gathering top UN manage- will look at how history as a having been established in how to do things and how not ment and Swiss leadership. discipline can help the poli- 1919 as the instrument of to do things. The ultimate fail- The newly launched podcast cy-making of the future, and we international understand- ure of the League to prevent the of the UN Library Geneva, will celebrate the evolution and ing and going strong for 100 outbreak of the Second World “The Next Page”, already has growth of multilateralism under years. It changed its name War should serve as a warn- several episodes devoted to the UN on its 75th anniversary to the UN Library Geneva in ing to us today, just as much as multilateralism and its evolu- and the role of youth in this 1946, and the following year its tremendous achievements tion and will have more. The process. The help of staff will the League of Nations Museum and legacies in the areas listed highlight of the year will likely be crucial for this and everyone was opened, renamed United above are a cause for optimism. be the upcoming exhibition at is encouraged to participate. Nations at Geneva Museum the Museum, scheduled for 8 in 2016. The entire League of To highlight this shared his- October 2019. Fittingly entitled To keep track of what is Nations Archives are hosted tory of the world, UN Geneva “100 Years of Multilateralism in planned, get involved, and learn at the Library, and they are and partners have set a long Geneva,” it is a massive effort more about multilateralism, currently being digitized to be period of 20 months to com- to showcase the evolution of check out the dedicated website made available through a ded- memorate various key dates multilateralism over the past multilateralism100.unog.ch. icated platform globally (check and bring to light key topics century in the areas ranging There, you will also find con- out more about the Total Digital from the League’s history with from disarmament to health tact details for the coordination Access to the League of Nations the greatest relevance for the and living standards, develop- team and we highly encourage Archives (LONTAD) project UN’s present and future. Start- ment to refugees’ protection, all staff to get involved and pro- here: lontad-project.unog.ch). ing with the screening of a and human rights to educa- pose activities. 100 Years of This unique and invaluable documentary and a discussion tion. It will also have a special Multilateralism in Geneva cel- collection offers a constant with the academic community section dedicated to ‘multilater- ebrates first and foremost the source of inspiration, both for on the evolution of multilat- alism in action’ which will high- first century of the international the staff and delegates and for eralism to commemorate the light the work of international civil service, which keeps the external researchers. Initial first International Day of Mul- civil servants and how it is the multilateral machine running. seeds of virtually every SDG tilateralism and Diplomacy people that make multilateral- Stay tuned, multilateralism is can be found here. Ideas such for Peace (24 April), the pro- ism happen. The exhibition has just gearing up for the next 100 as an European union, collec- gramme for 2019 has already been done in partnership with years. n tive security, safe passage for seen a dozen or so events and the Martin Bodmer Foundation refugees, equal access to the job library talks, launched several and the ICRC, who in turn are 1 Stefan Vukotic is Secretary of Centenary Coordination Committee market for men and women, exhibitions, and contributed hosting their own exhibitions and is Chief at Archives Management economic aid and development to a number of publications. A and all three are co-publishing Unit of the Institutional Memory cooperation as a way to lasting dedicated hashtag #Multilater- a book/catalogue for the three Section, UN Library Geneva, UNOG peace, all of the ideas that are alism100 is being widely used exhibitions.

18 | UN Special – Octobre 2019

UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Interview The new UN strategy against hate speech

Interview with Adama Dieng, the UN Secretary-General’s Special Adviser for the Prevention of Genocide and focal point for the implementation of the Strategy and Plan of Action against hate speech. © UN Photo/Ariana Lindquist

CATHERINE FIANKAN-BOKONGA building and policy development to address amount to incitement to hostility, discrim- Mr. Dieng is a former board member of the hate speech. ination or violence – or incitement to gen- International Institute for Democracy and ocide – are prohibited under international Electoral Assistance and a former registrar Would you like to highlight one specific law. of the International Criminal Tribunal for aspect? Rwanda. Yes. I would like to highlight the enhanced Could you be more precise? engagement with technology companies Many times, language that we find hate- In January, the UN Secretary-General, called for in the Strategy and Plan of Action. ful is protected under the right of free- Antonio Guterres, established a Working We believe that social media should pro- dom of expression. We need to make sure Group composed of 13 United Nations mote the values of tolerance, non-discrim- that these rights are upheld as we work entities. He asked you to lead this Group ination, pluralism, and freedom of opinion towards addressing hate speech. This is to develop an umbrella UN system-wide and expression. one of the principles of the Strategy – the Strategy and global Plan of Action to UN promotes more speech – positive and address hate speech. Obviously, it is something that the United alternative speech – as the key means to Could you tell us why this is an important Nations cannot do on its own. address hate speech. This is because even moment for the UN? This is not an easy task, and certainly not if not illegal, hate speech is still harmful. In It is the first time that the United Nations something that the UN can do on its own. addition, if left unaddressed, hate speech has come together to address a phenom- The Strategy represents the UN’s commit- can easily escalate into incitement and enon that is dangerously spreading like a ment to step up its action to address and actual violence, including atrocity crimes. bushfire in all parts of the world in ways counter hate speech wherever it may occur, By addressing hate speech early on, by never seen before. but we need Member States, civil society, understanding and tackling the drivers and including media, the private sector and root causes thereof and by countering it Could you give us some concrete measures every individual to join us in this endeavour with alternative and counter narratives, that will be taken? to be successful. We all have a role to play. we can limit the potential harmful impact The UN Strategy and Plan of Action sets out of hate speech. 13 commitments that the UN will imple- What challenges do you expect in the ment, globally and at the national level, to implementation? Could you tell more about the anatomy of address hate speech. This includes tackling The UN has an important role here in hate speech? the root causes of hate speech, building convening the relevant actors and rais- At the United Nations, we understand the the capacities of the United Nations staff, ing awareness globally on what could and term hate speech as any kind of communi- maximizing the use of technology and edu- should be done to tackle hate speech. We cation in speech, writing or behaviour, that cation, leveraging partnerships – including must also keep in mind that hate speech attacks or uses pejorative or discriminatory with social media companies – and support- represents a grey area. Only the most language with reference to a person or a ing Member States in the field of capacity serious forms of hate speech, those which group on the basis of who they are, based

20 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 on their religion, ethnicity, nationality, race, discrimination and violence – and incite- colour, descent, gender or other forms of ment to genocide. Other actors can also identity. This is often rooted in, and gener- play an important role, in particular civil ates intolerance and hatred and, in certain society including the media and religious contexts, can be demeaning and divisive. actors to support groups that are particu- larly targeted and speak out against hate How does it lead to genocide, atrocity speech or incitement against them. crimes, armed conflict or terrorism? Hate speech is one of the warning signs What is the next step? and risk factors of genocide and other UN Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres atrocity crimes, namely crimes against has requested holding a global Ministerial humanity and war crimes. These inter- level conference on prevention and educa- national crimes are rarely something that tion as soon as possible, with a focus on happen overnight. They are processes hate speech. We are working closely with that develop over time with identifiable our colleagues, especially UNESCO, to plan risk factors that when not addressed or this upcoming conference. n mitigated may lead to the commission of these crimes. Addressing hate speech is therefore also of critical importance in the prevention of atrocity crimes. If we address hate speech and we build the values of inclusion, peace and respect for diversity, we are actively and concretely contributing to atrocity prevention.

What is the most effective and powerful tool to fight hate speech? Education is an essential element. It addresses the root causes of hate speech. This is the reason why the implementation of Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Devel- opment will play a fundamental role. In particular SDG 4, which includes the promotion of the values and skills of Global Citizenship Education.

What can every person do to combat hate speech? We all have a role to play. So many of us are connected on internet and social media today. Let us use this as a tool for spreading information and knowledge, not hate and division. We all also have a role to play in speaking up against hate speech, even when we are not the targets of it. It is important to stand in solidarity with those that are the targets of hate speech, to empower their voices. States also have a responsibility to protect those that are the targets of hate speech.

Many victims of hate speech are from discriminated groups. They may feel powerless to change the status quo. How would you encourage them to keep fighting? The State has the primary responsibility to protect populations from discrimination, as part of fundamental human rights protection – this includes, of course, pro- tecting them from incitement to hostility,

GeneveAeroport_130-180_UNS_mai_2019.indd 1 18.09.19 15:27 UN Special – October 2019 | 21 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES INTERVIEW Ms. Carolyn Rodrigues Birkett Director of FAO Liaison Office

16 October is World Food Day and we believe a #ZeroHunger world by 2030 is possible.

ALEX MEJIA, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF, UNITAR, and appointed Minister. SARAH BENCHERIF, UNITAR There was a lot of trep- Ms. Carolyn Rodrigues Birkett from Guyana idation but I believe that is the Director of the Food and Agriculture great enthusiasm and Organization of the United Nations (FAO) energy balanced with Geneva © FAO The FAO Geneva team Liaison Office in Geneva. We met her to the experience of older introduce her to our readers and to dis- colleagues made a great cuss the importance of FAO’s work and difference. Half of the world’s popula- We produce several global reports, such the impact of using the world's natural tion are women and another 42% of the as the yearly global report on the state of resources more responsibly. world’s population are persons under 25 food security and nutrition in the world, in years old. In regions such as Africa and addition to many other studies. We bring You were appointed Director of the United South Asia, up to half of the population that information to the member states, UN Nations Food and Agriculture (FAO) Liaison are under 25. I think that if we use the Organizations and others that are based Office in Geneva in 2017. Before that, you combined skills and strengths of these here because it could help them in their had an impressive political career back women and youth in all facets of devel- decision-making and advocacy. We started home in Guyana. Tell us about yourself opment, including decision-making, the a series called the “Geneva Agriculture before joining the UN? world would be richer, better and stronger. Trade Talks” where we share the outcomes First of all, thank you for this interview. I There has been some progress for women of our work in agriculture and trade with started my working life as a schoolteacher, in politics, but when you look at the sta- the member states in a neutral manner. then I managed a programme addressing tistics of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, This has proven to be very useful. the social, economic and infrastructural we still only have 24% of women in our Thirdly, the office also serves as focal point need of indigenous communities for 7 parliaments. This must be increased in for 15 countries with Permanent Missions years. In 2001, I was appointed Minister order to benefit from the full range of skills in Geneva but without representation in of Amerindian Affairs (Amerindian and and perspectives of women, and more so, Rome. indigenous is used interchangeably in Guy- to ensure gender equality. Regarding the challenges for FAO, this is ana) and then in 2008 Minister of Foreign reflected in our main goal – Ending hunger Affairs and Foreign Trade. I spent 7 years Can you tell us a bit more about the work of and malnutrition and achieving food secu- each in both portfolios while also serving the FAO Liaison Office in Geneva? What are rity for all. For a few decades there was as Member of Parliament. In 2015 I joined the biggest challenges ahead for FAO? a decline in the number of hungry people FAO; the first 2 years I was Coordinator The liaison office is in Geneva for more in the world but as of 2015 hunger is on for Parliamentary Alliances, and in 2017 than 50 years and we focus mainly on the rise again. Today we have about 820 I came to this current post. three areas: million hungry people. This is due to an Firstly, we bring the decisions of our gov- increase in conflicts, climate change and Quite an impressive career. As you just erning bodies, our technical expertise and economic setbacks. On the other side of mentioned, you have occupied ministerial the general work of the organization to the the malnutrition equation is obesity. While positions in two key portfolios – indigenous inter-agency mechanisms in Geneva. There hunger is concentrated in certain parts people, and foreign affairs and trade. are quite a lot of inter-agency activities and of the world, obesity is increasing in all Moreover, you were the youngest and the a large number of UN Organizations and regions, triggering increased economic and first woman to occupy these positions in others here in Geneva. health costs and affecting quality of life. both portfolios. How do you see the role of Secondly, FAO is known for its knowledge In terms of Climate Change – the greatest youth and women in politics? products. We are present in over 130 coun- challenge of our time – the agriculture I was 27 when I entered the Parliament tries, so our information reach is greater. sector alone absorbs 23% of all damage

22 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 and loss from natural disasters. This is a choice. In both cases, we must change UN. There were times where I criticised very high. In 2018, the cost associated to healthy sustainable diets, in order to the UN as well, but in my opinion, this with natural disasters was $131 billion. lead an active and healthy lifestyle and is the one organization in our world that When you juxtapose that on the commit- make a greater contribution for a better is indispensable. We need the UN! While ment of $100 billion by 2020 in relation world. If we don’t pay attention to eating the fruits of the multilateral process can to the Paris Agreement, you see the urgent healthily, we will pay more in health bills be slow to ripen, their sustainability and need for these resources in order to be and suffer a decline in our quality of life. legitimacy transcend generations. Every more prepared and resilient. At the cur- We are what we eat. day when I wake up, I think about the rent rate, we won’t be able to reach SDG contribution that I can make now, as part 2 (ending hunger and malnutrition) but To conclude, what motivates you in your of the UN, even if small. I would tell a we believe that this is still possible if we everyday work at the Palais? And what young person that the UN is a force for end conflicts, do more with less, reduce advice would you give to young people good. If you get an opportunity to work food waste, invest in rural development interested in working for the United for it, grab it with both hands because you and youth, among others. Nations? have thousands of other UN staff working I was always interested in the work of the all over the world making positive changes FAO together with IFAD launched the UN UN. I became more attracted to it in my every day in people’s lives, sometimes at Decade of Family Farming 2019-2028 previous portfolio where I was the primary the risk of their own lives, for a better last May in Rome. Tell us more about the interlocutor for my Government with the world. You can be one too. n importance of this decade? More than 80% of the food we consume is produced by family farmers, yet many of them rank as poor. So, this decade will highlight their immense contributions to food security and development as a whole and will also instigate governments and the international community to work on policies and programmes that could improve the lives of our family farmers, especially in the face of an increasing world popu- neurological rehabilitation lation where more food will be needed. A Geneva launch of the Decade will be held learn how to live again on the 3rd October.

On 16 October, the world will celebrate World Food Day; this year the theme will be “Healthy Diets for a Zero Hunger Neurological rehabilitation is fundamental to ensure a smooth return to everyday World” How does FAO Geneva plan to life. Nestled in an idyllic green setting above Montreux, Clinique Valmont is a commemorate this day and what messages unique state-of-the-art establishment dedicated to rehabilitation for patients would you like to give to our readers for suffering from neurological diseases such as strokes, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer or Parkinson. this important day? More than 820 million people still go to Clinique Valmont offers the most innovative and personalized neurological rehabilitation bed hungry, while on the other hand 2.2 programs currently available. Each program is carefully designed to provide specific and billion people are overweight, of which made-to-measure training, focused on high intensity and individually adapted activities 1/3 are obese. Last year, 40 million of of everyday life. It enables patients to recover their principal motor and cognitive abilities our children under five were found to be and to reduce the impact of their disability on their daily lives. overweight. In every region of the world obesity is increasing. The theme for this An expert team of neuropsychologists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, coaches and dieticians work in coordination with leading physicians. year’s World Food Day is “Healthy Diets Clinique Valmont is equipped with a 1,500 square meter ultra-modern technical platform for a Zero Hunger World” because we including two fitness rooms, a large heated indoor swimming pool and the most recent want to focus on both issues of hunger training devices. and healthy diets. In Geneva, we are teaming up with the Swiss Government and Partage to have an exhibition at Cornavin train station to bring this message to the public: Eat healthy. We are also collaborating with Eldora in a campaign to serve “healthy diets” in the SWISS MEDICAL NETWORK MEMBER Palais des Nations during the week of the Clinique Valmont · Route de Valmont · CH - 1823 Glion sur Montreux · Tél. +41 21 962 35 35 · www.cliniquevalmont.ch 16th October. In some cases, people buy unhealthy food because this is all they can afford, but in many cases it is

UN Special – October 2019 | 23 1949 First edition of UN Special October 1949 April 1953 June 1950 May 1968

Cover with the then new Secretary- A caricature of the late Trygve Lie who The World Health Organization General the late Dag Hammarskjöld who was the first UN Secretary-General laying celebrating their 20th anniversary later died in a plane crash in 1961. the foundation stone of a new wing of Palais des Nations.

January 1989 September 1992 1999 February 1997

The late US President George Bush on For the 500th edition, 35,000 50th Anniversary of UN Special Cover with the late Kofi Annan the cover (this issue contains an article copies were printed and distributed when he was appointed UN written by George Bush himself when he unprecedently to UN duty stations Secretary-General. was still Permanent Representative of outside Geneva. the United States to the UN).

70 YEARS FOUNDED IN 1949 1949-2019

June 1971 December 1972 October 1981 January 1985

The World Health Organization Housing in Geneva: the difficulty UN Special celebrated the 50th Cover with the late Kurt Waldheim who The UN Special, always celebrating their 20th anniversary in finding reasonably priced anniversary of the Soviet Union with was the fourth UN Secretary-General. commited to supporting the accommodation is not recent. Vladimir Lenin on the cover. struggle for salaries and work conditions.

THE OFFICIAL MAGAZINE OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL SERVANTS La revue officielle des fonctionnaires internationaux – The official magazine of international civil servants UN Special No 704 – Mars 2011 Founded in 1949

FEATURED / À LA UNE Interview with Mr. Guy Ryder, Director-General of the ILO – p. 8

FEATURED / À LA UNE L’OIT, berceau de l’interprétation simultanée – p. 16

GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES The Special Olympics. Interview with Dr. Tim Shriver – p. 18 Refugees An ongoing crisis The Next One Hundred Years

■ INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S DAY 790 – JUN 2019 FEATURED P.5 UN P.18 GLOBAL AFFAIRS P.36 The protracted Open letter Female genital refugee and migrant on the SHP mutilation : WWW.UNSPECIAL.ORG ■ JOURNÉE INTERNATIONALE DES FEMMES crisis. A challenge to (Palais des Nations Torture and a crime

775 – DECEMBER 2017 multilateralism renovations) against humanity ? O N 2018 JANUARY

September 2003 March 2011 January 2018 June 2019

In 2019 we celebrate the The UN targeted by attacks in August Celebration of International UN Special commited to humanitarian Centenary of the International 2003 in Baghdad, in which the then Women’s Day causes, here a cover with the famous Special Representative of the Secretary- World Press awarded photo of Labour Organization. Here with General to Iraq, Sergio Vieira de Mello photojournalist Massimo Sestini. ILO Director-General Guy Ryder and his 21 colleagues were killed. on the cover. UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Perseverance, determination and success Promotion of multilingualism in Africa

Inaugural staff collaboration and evaluation. Again, the results Headquarters (UNHQ) to use were not as expected as only Vidcruiter to remotely test 21 interpreter training to achieve the one of the 12 passed. candidates (out of a total of 50 common objective of multilingualism. candidates) in Arabic, English, All hope was still not lost. French and Spanish, many of Interpretation staff at UNECA, whom were from as far off as UNOG, UNON, UNOV, and the Morocco and Senegal. Pan-African masters Consor- JOY CADOGAN, UNECA the United Nations Office at tium in Interpretation and As part of the UN outreach WITH INPUT FROM UNOG AND UNON Nairobi (UNON) to review Translation (PAMCIT) put their programme to target young Accreditation testing of free- the 13 freelancers who were heads together and developed graduates, this Accreditation lance interpreters is routine already on the roster. Both a comprehensive proposal for Test netted two Arabic, three within the UN, with tests offices accepted the challenge longer-term training. They English, nine French and one administered by its main and readily dispatched two also expanded its scope to Spanish newly-accredited UN offices once annually on aver- teams of three English and include young graduates from interpreters from six countries age. However, this particular French booth staff to undertake the entire continent. PAMCIT in Africa to the roster that is initiative to promote multilin- these exercises. recommended many of its shared among duty stations. gualism through the training graduates who had completed and accreditation of young UNOG’s evaluation of the new their two-year Master’s degree As this training momentum graduates in Africa was unique freelancers did not produce the in Interpretation at PAMCIT built up, self-taught Arabic in a sense, and special to the expected results. Only two of universities, but still needed freelancers in Addis Ababa 22 trainers and five evaluators the 12 freelancers passed the some fine-tuning before being remained uneasy. They too from four duty stations who screening test. However, all booth-ready. started lobbying UNECA for were resolute and steadfast in hope was not lost as the eval- treatment equal to that of their their quest to ensure that free- uation team recognized the Twenty-two staff from UNOG, English and French colleagues. lance interpreters in Africa, the potential of many of the free- UNON and UNOV volunteered Viewing this request primarily large majority of whom were lancers, and opined that with to participate in the English as a move to lower its travel self-taught, were made booth- training and coaching, many of and French training, which costs for Arabic interpreters, ready to service UN events. them would have had a differ- was conducted in two in-person whom UNECA occasionally A few had completed short- ent outcome. phases at UNON, and during relies on to service its main term English-French training a seven-week online coaching statutory meetings, UNECA conducted by the Organization Based on a robust demand for period early in 2019. Eight again accepted. internationale de la Franco- English and French interpre- UNON staff delivered the face- phonie (OIF), but still needed tation in Addis Ababa, UNECA to-face training, whilst seven The net was cast and 38 Arabic coaching on UN style and acceded to UNOG’s recom- staff members from UNOG and freelancers from seven coun- techniques. mendation, and in conjunc- seven from UNOV sacrificed tries on the continent applied tion with the United Nations lunch breaks, weekends, and for training. The willingness The two-year journey started Office at Vienna (UNOV), the spare time to select training and cooperative spirit of their early in 2017, when 12 Eng- first training of 12 English and material, and to review and English and French colleagues lish and French freelancers French freelance interpreters provide individual feedback prevailed again among UNOG’s in Addis Ababa approached took place in Addis Ababa in to the trainees, whom they Arabic booth staff. Nine staff the United Nations Economic January 2018. Four UNOV coached via Google Classroom readily volunteered to spear- Commission for Africa (UNECA) English and French booth and Skype. head this exercise to train six seeking their inclusion on the staff tutored freelancers during shortlisted freelancers. Since roster. With no staff interpret- two one-week segments. Since The conclusion of this nine- the majority of the shortlisted ers on board to conduct testing, UNOG’s team already had the week English and French train- candidates hailed from Cairo, UNECA requested assistance experience of screening many ing coincided with the timing Egypt, it was deemed logical from the United Nations Office of these young freelancers of UNON’s May 2019 Accred- to conduct the training there at Geneva (UNOG) to evaluate months before, they returned itation Test. UNON sought the in three segments from July the new freelancers, and from to Addis Ababa to conduct their collaboration of United Nations 28 – August 22.

26 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 management, training, and IT skills into action. The training and testing of young freelancers in Africa has just gained momentum. Given the need for more interpreters, the road ahead will be long and challenging with the complexities © UNOG © UNECA and variances in each coun- Week 2 – Arabic training in Cairo with Trainees in Nairobi with UNON’s staff Addis Ababa training by UNOV staff try such as opportunities to UNOG staff interpreters Carole Akiki, interpreter, Gillian Curry Riham Youssef put interpretation skills into practice in live-session sce- narios, and the varying levels Within the framework of a in Google Classroom replicated offices remains invaluable. Col- of freelancers’ capability prior Memorandum of Understanding the English and French train- laboration among duty stations to training. Although time dif- between the UN and Universi- ing. The collaborative manner is unsurpassed, and technology ferences on the continent did ties on Cooperation in Training in which AUC, UNECA, UNOG was the primary tool to connect not act as a deterrent, the qual- of Candidates for Competitive and UNON organized this train- trainers, administrative and ity of internet connectivity did. Language Examinations, the ing is testimony to how joint technical staff, and freelancers Nonetheless, what undoubtedly American University in Cairo future work can yield tangible in 10 cities on three continents remains unchallenged is the (AUC) was approached to host results. Accreditation testing to bring this monumental task commitment of staff across this first training course for of these candidates was con- to fruition. the five duty stations to pro- Arabic interpreters in Africa. ducted remotely on September mote multilingualism through Without hesitation, AUC agreed 20. Team spirit over the two interpretation service as a core to make its facilities available years has remained at an all- value of the United Nations. to UNOG’s Arabic booth staff on The thrust to promote multi- time high. Many staff ditched completion of their one-month lingualism is alive and well in their interpretation hats Kudos to the entire team! n online coaching. In this way, Africa! Support for interpre- and switched gears to put the six shortlisted freelancers tation training from the main their administrative, project

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UN Special – October 2019 | 27 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Interview with the President of the World Federation of the Deaf Sign Languages at UN Geneva

REBECCA EDGINGTON, DCM people and full, quality and INTERNATIONAL SIGN FOCAL POINT, equal access to all spheres of UNOG. life, including self-determina- Dr. Joseph Murray, President tion, sign language, education, of the World Federation of the employment and community Deaf (WFD) was in Geneva on life. WFD has a consultative 19 September to take part in status in the United Nations the celebration of the Interna- and is a founding member of tional Day of Sign Languages International Disability Alliance (IDSL), held on 19 September (IDA). at the United Nations Office at Geneva, in advance of the des- Since the CRPD committee ignated day, which is the 23rd. started its work, sign lan- The 2nd IDSL was a flurry of guage interpreters have been fast-moving hands as so many recruited by UN Geneva for representatives from different CRPD and other meetings Dr. Joseph Murray, President of the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD) parts of the Deaf community mandated to be accessible. came to share their sign lan- This year DCM provided 277 guages with UN staff, experts interpreter days of sign lan- off in greater participation country, and this increased and delegates. The day started guage. The interpreters worked by stakeholders in the UN’s awareness and information has with a pop-up sign language in teams of 2 or 3, sometimes human rights processes and promoted greater awareness of café, then guided tours in sign with several sign language thus furthers the UN’s mission. their human rights, which in languages, a high-level panel teams in parallel. How has this turn informs their advocacy debate organized by Brazil and changed your participation in Deaf people still need to work efforts on national and interna- sponsored by Israel on Sign meetings and the UN’s work in to organize and fund interpret- tional levels. For those watch- Language Rights for All and general? ing access to information that ing via the webcast, it is a plus finally a moving theatre perfor- Knowing there are Interna- is not part of an official pub- to have Deaf interpreters with mance by Deaf students entitled tional Sign and/or national lic agenda, such as meetings a more natural language use. “To Sign is Human”. UN Geneva sign language interpreters with treaty body members or is grateful for the support of the available allows deaf people UN personnel. If I were to ask Do you consider that increased Permanent Missions of Bang- to simply attend events as for an improvement, it would use and visibility of sign lan- ladesh, Brazil, Brunei Darus- needed. Earlier, our process be to have a sign language guages at the UN is an impor- salam, Finland and France, would be that we would iden- interpreter booking system tant part of achieving the SDGs as well as of the Committee tify an event of interest, then in place for meetings with UN and making sure no-one is left on the Rights of Persons with spend a large amount of time, personnel. This is the necessary behind? Disabilities (CRPD), the World and sometimes funds, secur- next step to ensure the United Absolutely! This is a living Federation of the Deaf (WFD), ing sign language interpret- Nations is transparent and example of effective SDG imple- and the Swiss Federation of ers to ensure basic access to accessible to all stakeholders. mentation. When we include the Deaf. what was being said. Oftimes all, in this case including deaf we were not successful, and How would you assess the people, in decision making pro- Dr. Murray, could you please even when we were success- impact of sign language inter- cesses, we all benefit through tell us about the WFD? ful, this involved a lot of extra pretation in the meeting room stronger outcomes. The UNOG’s The WFD is an International resources on the part of deaf and on the webcast? commitment to access models NGO representing the human people and their organiza- For those on site, meeting inter- for other countries the impor- rights of 70 million people tions, all for basic access to preters are a huge plus. Having tance of using interpreters for globally through our network content. access to events on the webcast high level political meetings of National Associations of Deaf Now we can identify events makes United Nations events and making their political people from 125 countries, that we wish to attend, par- accessible on an equal basis processes and programmes which makes us the world’s ticularly treaty body sessions, to all people. We know these accessible for all people. largest global uni-disability knowing they will have sign webcasts have been viewed by NGO. Our mission is to pro- language interpreters in place. deaf people who follow treaty Could you explain why sign lan- mote the human rights of deaf This increased access pays body proceedings about their guage interpretation is better

28 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 the speaker’s tone, and other recognition should be followed aspects of the natural prosody with the development of oppor- that provide so much mean- tunities for the promotion of ing does not come through in sign languages as a natural part captioning. of the United Nations activities. This includes awareness rais- You are here in Geneva to parti- ing activities such as UNOG’s cipate in the IDSL and a panel excellent celebrations of IDSL discussion on Sign Language but also policies that enable the Rights for All. What would you employment of deaf people who like to see the UN do to pro- use sign languages at the UN mote sign language rights? and training for staff to be able We would like to see all UN to use sign languages as a part meetings, forums, and events of their daily work. n be fully accessible to any deaf Swiss Federation of Deaf President, Dr. Tatjana Binggeli person who wishes to participate, both via sign language than captioning for participants There is one difference: those interpreting in national sign who are deaf? who can listen and read the languages and in International Would you prefer to listen to transcript at the same time, Sign but also in providing lan- live proceedings that are hap- something not available to deaf guage concordant services by pening around you or read a people. having staff, including deaf transcript of it taking place Captioning is an access tool that staff, who are able to use sign around you while you sit in is widely used and should con- languages directly with deaf silence? The answer is obvi- tinue to be used. But does not people who attend UN meet- ous for those who use spo- capture the natural way a lan- ings and events. ken languages and should be guage is used in live settings: The United Nations passed equally obvious for those who the affect, the emotional aspects Resolution 72/161 for the rec- use signed languages. of how language is being used, ognition of sign languages. This

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UN Special – October 2019 | 29 UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Young UN A cross-UN movement for change Young UN: Agents for Change is a global network working towards a shared vision of a UN that fully embodies the principles it stands for. Initiated by young people to catalyse system change, Young UN projects are open to all colleagues with a fresh and open mind-set.

SIMON BETTIGHOFER, RUTH BLACKSHAW, KATINKA KOKE The UN has a bold and inspiring mandate. While human rights, development and peace and security remain as relevant as ever, and the sustainable development goals (SDGs) provide a comprehensive and challenging blueprint for action, how the UN delivers on its mandate must evolve. A

variety of efforts have already been intro- UN © Young duced to tackle shortcomings in one way SDG Hacks workshop on zero waste in Palais des Nations, Geneva. or another: UN reforms have been initiated, various organizations are undergoing or environmental sustainability. The net- the Secretary-General on UN Reforms, transformation processes, and innovation work works on the basis that innovation Young UN has provided ‘temperature units are being created by many. should be part of everyone’s job and is checks’ on UN reforms across the three cultivating a change-maker mind-set and pillars, as well as how reforms are being When Young UN: Agents for Change (Young a culture of open collaboration, innova- communicated, collecting views from its UN) started as an informal network in 2016, tion and continuous adaptation in the UN. members. These two word clouds show there were many high-level conversations Young UN has three functions: crowd- responses on how respondents experi- and processes around the need for reform sourcing ideas and feedback across the ence reforms versus what reforms they and change in the UN system. But there was UN system; piloting new approaches; driv- want to see in the UN. little discussion at the working level of what ing a movement for cultural and mind-set needs to change now in order to maximise change in the UN system. The UN reform Young UN members were grateful to the potential of all UN system employees. agenda is therefore of significant interest be consulted and many encouraged Mr. Young UN sought to create such a platform and relevance and a process in which Wandel to be bold and ambitious with to drive change from the ground up. Young UN is eager to be an active shaper the reforms. Many themes already cov- of change. ered in other parts of the survey were Today, Young UN is a global network of again stressed by respondents as in critical more than 1,200 members, working in At the request of Under-Secretary-Gen- need of Mr. Wandel’s attention – including 100+ countries across the UN system. In eral Jens Wandel, Special Advisor to human resources (especially the need to Geneva, the network has around 300 members working in various UN organizations. April 2019 Temperature Check Young UN is completely inclusive, being open to all staff categories and contract UN current reforms as experienced What respondents want to see types, including consultants and interns, by respondents from UN reforms and has no age limit.

Young UN recognises that there are many common challenges across the UN system (for example, regarding inter-agency collaboration and information sharing, use of technology, human resources practices and more). Network members are proac- tive in addressing these challenges and aim to transform the UN system to live by the principles it stands for, including integrity, transparency, gender equality

30 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 programmes, on topics from the future for implementation of the Youth Strategy – of work and the future of the UN work- another opportunity to advocate change. force to mainstreaming innovation in UN system management. Young UN has also The network keeps growing and many provided ideas to the UN reform streams exciting projects are in the works, piloting and conducted rapid ‘temperature checks’ innovation time (ongoing) and next steps to gather perspectives on the implemen- for SDG Anonymous and climate action tation of the reforms. This advocacy role in the UN system. It is a great time to get

© Young UN © Young is carried out at both the global, regional involved and there is much work to do! If SDG Anonymous event in Library, Palais des Nations, and entity level. Recently in Geneva, the you work for the UN system in any capacity Geneva. UN Secretary-General’s Envoy on Youth and are interested in getting involved, do met with Young UN members to discuss join the network! n ideas from how to engage young people in More info: www.young-un.org/join end unpaid internships and precarious the UN’s work in novel ways, to creative [email protected] contracts) and IT, accountability, culture approaches to mobilise resources. Young change and participatory processes. The UN has a seat on the high-level committee need for “not just information but also participation” was stressed by several. Young UN sees huge potential in gathering ideas from employees on an ongoing basis regarding challenges and solutions. The network tries to lead by example how it wants the UN to work: decentralised, no fixed hierarchies, project teams that gather and disperse according to needs.

Members influence change by: Starting a conversation about the challenges the UN faces and possible solutions. Save 7.5 cts. / l on Recently in Geneva, for example, in collaboration with the Geneva Environment fuel with TAMOIL Lab and the UN Geneva Knowledge and Learning Commons, Young UN started SDG Anonymous – a series to collectively With the TAMOIL – UNOG Staff Council develop ideas for how all of us can become loyalty card, obtain a discount of CHF 30 more SDG aware and supportive in our for every 400 l of fuel purchased daily lives. Subsequently, a ‘SDG Hacks’ workshop on zero waste was held to continue momentum at the personal and organizational level.

Leading by example, by piloting practical changes and sharing our experiences. In Geneva, Young UN recently started ‘Cow- orking Wednesdays’ – a coworking initiative at the UN for one day per week. It can be easy to feel out of touch with colleagues in the same building, let alone in different parts of the UN system. This pilot which has been running since March How it works : 2019 is an opportunity to bring network 1. Pick up a UNOG Staff Council loyalty card at Office C527 members old and new together, and to test at the Palais des Nations flexible working that will soon be rolled 2. Refuel at a TAMOIL service station with shop in the cantons of Geneva or Vaud * out at the Palais des Nations.

Coordi 3. Show your UN badge and collect a stamp for every ta nati G S ng O Co N u U n 10 liters of fuel c i l

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Advocating change, by bringing fresh s G e U i l N 4. Exchange the completed loyalty card for a CHF 30 credit

d O e ‘ l C e o d or l ideas to key decision-makers. For exam- d ne valid on fuel on your next purchase ina on tion du Pers ple, the network has crowdsourced * except for TAMOIL Vessy, TAMOIL Aubonne and TAMOIL Perly Route de St. Julien 286 inputs from the network for the high- level committees on management and

UN Special – October 2019 | 31 UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Mix & Mash

Un afterwork festif sur le thème de la santé aux HUG le 29 octobre prochain. © UN Photo / Jean-Marc Ferré Mix&Mash à la Brasserie des Halles de l’île. ALEXANDRE CARETTE, ONUG/UNIS L’idée originale, prônée par Un thème lié à la Genève inter- l’ancien Directeur général nationale, un verre de bienve- de l’Office des Nations Unies nue, de la musique par le UN à Genève, était de voir la Jazz band et des organisations Genève internationale et internationales et genevoises locale se rencontrer et ainsi qui présentent leur travail, décloisonner ces mondes qui le tout dans une ambiance semblaient si éloignés l’un de décontractée, c’est le cock- l’autre. Même si à ses débuts, tail des Mix&Mash organisés l’événement était principale- depuis maintenant trois ans ment fréquenté par des fonc- par le Service de l’Information tionnaires internationaux, au des Nations Unies à Genève fil des éditions, le public s’est en coopération avec le Centre élargi. Le pari est réussi avec d’accueil de la Genève interna- des centaines de personnes tionale (CAGI) et la Brasserie des qui se retrouvent à chaque Halles de l’île. édition.

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32 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 tenu au Musée d’art moderne mondiale de la santé seront et contemporain (MAMCO) sur présents pour échanger avec le le thème de l’art et des droits public. Tous les ingrédients qui de l’homme. font le succès du Mix and Mash depuis ses débuts seront au ren- Le prochain Mix&Mash sur le dez-vous : animation musicale, thème de l’accès à la santé se verre de bienvenu et ambiance déroulera donc aux Hôpitaux décontractée. universitaires de Genève le 29 octobre. Les HUG ont accepté N’hésitez pas à pousser les de s’associer aux Nations Unies portes de l’hôpital, le Mix&Mash pour un événement exception- est un événement ouvert à tous. nel, toujours dans un esprit de Vous êtes invités à vous rendre

Mix&Mash sur le thème du patrimoine au CAGI. la Genève internationale et la HUG dès 18 h 30 : Rue Gabrielle- Genève locale. Ce Mix&Mash Perret-Gentil 4, 1205 Genève ; le viendra clôturer la journée parcours sera fléché jusqu’à la Depuis le premier Mix&Mash, très différents comme la liberté « Cœur, vaisseaux, cerveau » salle du 10e étage. n plus d’une centaine d’organisa- de la presse, les réfugiés, l’éga- dédiée à l’information et à la tions internationales et associa- lité homme-femme, ou la lutte prévention avec des ateliers Pour toute information sur la journée “Cœur, vaisseaux, cerveau”: tions locales ont eu l’occasion contre le réchauffement cli- interactifs et des tests de dépis- www.hug-ge.ch/evenement/journee-cvc d’échanger avec le public et de matique. De temps à autre, le tage. On se retrouvera à partir Pour l’information relative au Mix&Mash présenter leur travail. La plupart Mix&Mash déménage en fonc- de 18 h30 dans une ambiance et aux événements organisés par le du temps, l’afterwork a lieu à tion du thème. Le dernier, en plus festive au 10e étage du Service de l’informations des Nations Unies à Genève: www.unog.ch la Brasserie des Halles de l’île, juin, sur le thème du patrimoine bâtiment principal, avec une un lieu central de la vie festive a été accueilli par le CAGI à son vue imprenable sur la ville. genevoise. Les différents événe- siège, une villa classée avec son Des représentants des HUG ments ont couvert des domaines très beau jardin. Un autre s’est mais aussi de l’Organisation

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UN Special – October 2019 | 33 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Genève et le multilatéralisme

A l’occasion de 100e anniversaire du multilatéralisme, la Directrice générale de l’Office des Nations Unies à Genève, Tatiana Valovaya, s’est rendue à l’Université de Genève pour fêter l’événement en présence du Ministre des Affaires Etrangères suisse, Ignazio Cassis, des autorités cantonales et locales. Nous partageons avec vous leurs interventions sur Genève

Monsieur le Conseiller Fédéral, grandes puissances. Son but Excellences, philanthropie, en n’oubliant Monsieur Le Recteur, n’était rien de moins que de Mesdames et Messieurs, aucune partie prenante comme Excellences, sauvegarder la paix universelle. les jeunes. Mesdames et Messieurs, En dépit de l’échec que certains Dans un monde de plus en Afin d’être véritablement effi- voient ou retiennent d’elle, la plus polarisé, fragmenté et cace, ce nouveau multilatéra- Je suis très heureuse d’être Société des Nations a posé les confronté à de multiples défis, lisme devra également être aujourd’hui avec vous toutes et fondations de ce que l’Organi- qu’il s’agisse des conflits, de la base sur la solidarité et la jus- tous à cet important événement. sation des Nations Unies entre- faim, des crises humanitaires, tice. Ceci correspond parfai- Le fait que cet événement prend aujourd’hui. des changements climatiques tement à l’esprit de l’Agenda soit organisé à l’Université de Du désarmement à la protec- ou du terrorisme, le multilaté- 2030 pour le développement Genève est tout à fait à propos. tion des minorités et des réfu- ralisme est une évidence tant durable, notre feuille de route Les jeunes générations ont en giés, en passant par la justice les enjeux globaux requièrent commune pour créer un monde effet un rôle essentiel à jouer internationale, la coopération des réponses globales. globalement durable; sociale- afin de réaffirmer la pertinence intellectuelle et la règlementa- Cependant, nombreux sont ment équitable; écologiquement du multilatéralisme et du droit tion du travail ; l’héritage de la ceux qui pensent que le mul- sûr; économiquement prospère; international pour promouvoir Société des Nations a permis tilatéralisme est en crise et est et surtout inclusif. l’objectif commun d’une paix d’amorcer l’avènement du attaqué. Pour ma part, je pense De part son histoire et sa durable. multilatéralisme contemporain plutôt que le système multilaté- construction politique, la Suisse Cette année marque le cen- fondé sur les règles du droit ral tel que nous le connaissons constitue un excellent exemple tenaire de la Conférence de international. est en période de grande tran- de ce nouveau multilatéralisme Paix de Paris, entérinant la C’est peut-être parce qu’elle a sition vers un nouveau type de basé sur les principes de solida- fin de la Grande Guerre et la été si souvent le centre de l’his- gouvernance globale. rité, d’inclusivité et de justice. naissance du multilatéralisme toire du multilatéralisme que Ce nouveau multilatéralisme Cette ambition se manifeste moderne. Celui-ci a ouvert la Genève est aussi le centre de la sera certainement plus en aussi clairement au sein de la voie au développement du sys- mémoire. En effet, les archives réseau et multidimensionnel, Genève Internationale qui est un tème international tel que nous historiques de la Société des avec une participation accrue catalyseur dont les effets sont le connaissons aujourd’hui et Nations, soit plus de 15 millions de nouveaux acteurs, une quantifiables : chaque personne constitua un véritable tournant de pages inscrites au Registre coopération étroite entre les sur la planète est, de près ou de dans l’Histoire. « Mémoire du Monde » de organisations internationales loin, touchée par les décisions En effet, la création de la l’UNESCO, sont conservées au et régionales, y compris les qui y sont prises. Nous avons Société des Nations incar- Palais des Nations et actuelle- banques de développement. à Genève les outils inscrivant nait à la fois la vision ambi- ment en cours de numérisation. Puisque les gouvernements et le multilatéralisme au cœur de tieuse d’une gestion nouvelle Elles attestent de l’immense les organismes internationaux notre action. Soutenu par la des relations internationales engagement de nos prédéces- ne peuvent y arriver seuls, ce plateforme essentielle qu’est la et une réponse concrète aux seurs à œuvrer pour le multi- nouveau multilatéralisme devra Genève Internationale et avec le défaillances de la politique des latéralisme. n être inclusif, ancre dans des concours de toutes les bonnes partenariats avec le monde volontés dont celles de la jeu- des affaires, la société civile, nesse, il ne fait aucun doute que les parlements, le milieu uni- le multilatéralisme sera toujours versitaire et le monde de la célébré dans cent ans. n

34 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Cent ans de multilatéralisme : Confédération, Canton et Ville réaffirment le rôle de Genève comme centre de gouvernance mondiale

DÉPARTEMENT FÉDÉRAL DES AFFAIRES ÉTRANGÈRES conjointe, les autorités suisses et gene- Pour souligner l’importance de la Genève voises renouvellent leur engagement à internationale et son rôle de plateforme maintenir et développer la Genève inter- pour les questions d’avenir, le Conseiller nationale. « C’est pour souligner cette col- fédéral, Ignazio Cassis, a signé avec le pré- laboration que dorénavant il y aura une sident du Conseil d’État genevois, Antonio prise de parole commune, pour résonner Hodgers, et le Conseiller administratif de d’une seul voix, au nom de l’Etat hôte », a la ville de Genève, Sami Kanaan, une expliqué le Conseiller fédéral Cassis lors déclaration commune. Celle-ci renouvelle de la cérémonie de signature, à laquelle la l’engagement des autorités fédérales, can- nouvelle directrice générale de l’Office des © DFAE tonales et communales en faveur du centre Nations Unies à Genève Tatiana Valovaya Messieurs Antonio Hodgers, Ignazio Cassis et Saami de gouvernance globale sur les rives du était également conviée. Kanaan Léman et marque le centième anniversaire Le rôle de Genève en tant que plateforme du travail multilatéral à Genève. La signa- de réfléchir sur l’avenir peut ainsi être d’anticiper les tendances sociétales engen- ture a été accompagnée par la publication renforcé. Le Conseil fédéral, le Canton et drées par les nouvelles technologies, dans d’un volume contenant les plus importants la Ville de Genève avaient posé un jalon l’optique de développer davantage de documents diplomatiques suisses liés à la important dans cette direction avec la synergies entre science et diplomatie. n création de la Société des Nations, il y a création en février 2019 de la fondation un siècle. Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator Le multilatéralisme moderne est né avec la (GESDA). Le rôle de cette dernière est création, en 1919, de la Société des Nations, voulue par le traité de Versailles à la fin de la Première Guerre Mondiale. L’attribution de son siège à Genève a marqué l’essor de la Genève internationale, après la création de la Croix-Rouge et d’autres sociétés de portée internationale. « L’histoire nous apprend que le dialogue entre les Etats est le seul moyen d’éviter les grandes tragédies qui touchent l’hu- Greek delicatessen manité », a relevé lors de la cérémonie All the Hellenic treasures on your plate de signature le conseiller fédéral, Ignazio Quality artisan products Cassis, ajoutant que la recherche inlas- Original gift baskets (free delivery) sable du consensus et le respect de l’Etat Homemade traditional specialities for take away de droit sont « inscrits dans l’ADN » suisse. Catering available upon request Ces caractéristiques de la Suisse, avec sa Selection of products for vegetarians and vegans neutralité, ont contribué, il y a un siècle, au choix de Genève comme siège de la Open until 8pm Société des Nations. e-shop Aujourd’hui, 40 organisations internatio- Close to UN Offices Your governmental rates 2019 nales, les représentants diplomatiques de within Accor Geneva st 179 Etats et des centaines d’ONG travaillent until 31 March 2020 ensemble depuis Genève à la construction d'un monde plus sûr et prospère. Ils le 15 hotels and 1 aparthotel font aussi avec l’appui du secteur privé et MELIA DÉLICES GRECQUES from economic to upscale du monde académique. La communauté Rue du Grand Pré 57 – CH-1202 Genève 022 733 09 74 Scan the QR Code or contact: internationale, qui compte quelques 43 000 [email protected] [email protected] personnes, génère pour l’Arc lémanique www.melia-greekdeli.com melia delices grecques des retombées économiques importantes, soit près de 1% du PIB suisse. Monday to Thursday 10.00 –15.00 & 16.00 –20.00 Friday 10.00–19.30 Saturday 10.30–18.00 Avec la signature d’une déclaration

UN Special – October 2019 | 35 Melia_UNS_octobre_2019.indd 1 16.09.19 15:10 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES World Stroke Day – 29 October 2019 Recognizing the signs and taking immediate action

Interview with Dr. Julien What are the symptoms and how covers four main specialty Bogousslavsky, a Swiss Medical do you recognize them? fields. Speech therapy deals Association (FMH) Specialist in Precursory symptoms include with language, speech and Neurology at Clinique Valmont dizziness and sudden loss of swallowing disorders. Neu- in Glion sur Montreux (Switzer- balance, loss of strength and/ ropsychology treats cognitive land) and Chief Medical Officer or sensitivity in an arm, a leg, disorders in general (memory, of GSMN Neurocentre, special- half of the face or all of one side attention, and so forth.). Phys- ized in the treatment of brain of the body, sudden difficulty iotherapy includes walking and nervous system diseases. in finding words or expressing rehabilitation and occupational them (sentences or words are therapy works on upper limb A cerebrovascular accident or incomprehensible), the sudden (hand or arm) rehabilitation, stroke can strike anyone, at any loss of vision on one side or a balance and the ability to time. reduced visual field. write, among other things. It is It occurs when blood flow to a not uncommon for stroke vic- part of the brain is interrupted What should you do when you tims to be deprived of certain either by obstruction or the rup- detect one or more of these “basic” functions and to have ture of a blood vessel. Because symptoms? to relearn how to walk, speak, the brain no longer receives You must seek immediate med- write or swallow. Therapists enough oxygen, some of its ical attention. These symptoms are there to teach these victims functions (movement, speech, indicate a medical emergency how to cope better with their sight) cease to function. It is requiring urgent care. In stroke disability and enable them to important to take immediate cases, medical treatment is very regain as much independence action. Indeed, the faster blood limited in time. This is why a as possible in their daily life circulation is restored, the less quick diagnosis is essential activities. n nerve cells are damaged and to limit, as much as possible, the better the prognosis. This is potential brain damage or neu- www.cliniquevalmont.ch why it is important to recognize rological after-effects. stroke symptoms. Over fifty percent of stroke Dr. Bogousslavsky, can you tell victims have to learn to live us what the warning signs of a with these after-effects. stroke are? Can you explain what they are? A stroke does not produce There are many. These include warning signs as such. We difficulty in speaking or writing, refer more to risk factors such a partial or complete paralysis as hypertension, diabetes, obe- of one half of the body, memory sity, cholesterol, smoking and disorders, behavioral changes sleep apnea. Nonetheless, it is or a sensation of extreme important to note that half of all fatigue. stroke victims first have a minor The extent of damage really stroke, referred to as a transient depends on the size and region attack. Because these attacks of the brain that was deprived are short and last only a few of oxygen. minutes, they are commonly neglected once the symptoms Neurological rehabilitation have gone. Recognition of these is an integral part of post- warning signs is important as stroke treatment. What are the one third of such attacks are recommended therapies? followed by a stroke. Post-stroke rehabilitation

36 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 UNITED NATIONS / NATIONS UNIES Jeunes Reporters à l’ONU Comment atteindre l’égalité homme-femme au travail

AYA BRUNNER, KAREN MBEDE femmes. Il est donc important travail égal. Une femme gagne paraître drastique reste néan- Trois oratrices, Adrienne que la société entière lutte en moyenne 14,6% de moins moins le seul moyen efficace Cruz, Pauline Mamie et Wendy pour l’égalité des sexes pour dans le privé et 12,5% dans de faire respecter l’égalité sala- Paratian, abordent, lors de les générations futures. le public, bien que les chiffres riale dans tous les secteurs. La la conférence de presse des avaient baissé, ils restent tou- Suisse, pour combattre ces iné- Jeunes Reporters à l’ONU du 13 L’un des plus grands combats jours élevés. Et cela plus par- galités, a opté le 24 septembre mars 2019, le sujet de l’égalité des femmes a été le droit de ticulièrement dans les postes 2018 pour un système similaire hommes-femmes au travail. Le vote. En Suisse, les femmes à haute responsabilité, une à celui de l’Islande mais beau- chemin est encore long pour ont obtenu le droit de vote en femme gagne à ce niveau coup moins contraignant pour atteindre une réelle égalité des 1971, donc 123 ans après les 18,5% de moins qu’un homme. les entreprises, qui consiste à sexes. hommes. Cette victoire a été demander plus de transparence un pas décisif pour atteindre Au niveau européen, l’Is- aux grandes entreprises (+ de Les femmes luttent depuis de l’égalité des sexes. Quelques lande est de nouveau entrée 100 employés), notamment en nombreuses années afin d’ob- années après, de nombreuses dans l’histoire en 2018 en faisant une analyse salariale tenir l’égalité des sexes. Elles lois ont fait leur apparition, imposant aux entreprises de tous les 4 ans qui sera vérifiée ont milité pour plusieurs causes notamment la loi fédérale sur plus de 25 salariés d’obtenir par un tiers. dont l’égalité hommes-femmes l’égalité hommes femmes, qui une certification qui prouve au travail. Malgré l’adoption est entrée en vigueur le 1er juil- qu’à travail égal, femmes et Comme l’indique Boris de nouvelles lois, celles-ci ne let 1996. La LEg a pour but de hommes sont payés la même Busslinger dans son article dans sont pas toujours appliquées promouvoir l’égalité des sexes chose. Les entreprises qui ne Le Temps paru le 24 septembre à ce jour. En effet, il est très et de supprimer les discrimina- s’acquittent pas de cette taxe 2018, nous sommes encore loin courant qu’à compétence et tions qui touchent les femmes se verront payer une amende d’une pénalité quelconque en à poste égaux, une femme au travail. Bien que la société allant jusqu’à 50 000 couronnes cas de non-respect des lois, gagne moins qu’un homme. et la justice aient fait un grand (442 CHF) par jour. Selon l’ar- mais venant de la Suisse qui a Les femmes et les hommes pas, l’égalité réelle n’est tou- ticle de Marie Charrel parue tendance à être « très bornée et sont victimes de plusieurs dis- jours pas atteinte. dans « Le Monde » le 5 janvier traditionnelle » quand il s’agit criminations au travail, telles 2018, avec cette loi, « le pays de la lutte des femmes, nous que la discrimination à l’emploi En Suisse, une femme perçoit conserve sa place de pays le pouvons donc apprécier ce petit ou la discrimination salariale, très souvent un salaire inférieur plus égalitaire au monde ». À pas. n qui touche beaucoup plus les à celui d’un homme pour un ce jour, cette méthode qui peut

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UN Special – October 2019 | 37 LaDecouverte_93-63_UNS_octobre_2019.indd 1 17.09.19 14:03 GLOBAL AFFAIRS / AFFAIRES GLOBALES Se former aux ODD : un défi à la fois crucial et complexe

Le 27 septembre, l’Institut des Sciences de l’Environnement (ISE) de l’Université de Genève a fêté ses 10 ans. Dix ans pendant lesquels la notion de développement durable comme la nécessité de se former sur ces thématiques ont évolué de manière

BRIGITTE PERRIN, UNIGE Sélectionner le savoir, les don- dizaines que des partenariats remarque la professeure. Pour Le rôle de la formation en nées et les connaissances de ont vu le jour au fil des ans avec le futur, elle souligne la néces- matière d’environnement est manière intégrative le GRID, UN Environnement, sité de produire un savoir qui aujourd’hui de donner sens Pendant ce temps-là, le cadre l’OMM, la création du Geneva réponde aux attentes du poli- à un assemblage de savoirs des Objectifs de développe- Water Hub, etc. Ces partena- tique. Mais aussi de développer interdisciplinaires. ment durable (ODD) était riats nourrissent bien sûr la l’esprit critique et de repenser créé, négocié et adopté (il y recherche, mais également les les politiques publiques de On entre dans l’Institut des a tout juste quatre ans) par formations initiales et continues façon scientifiquement fondée, Sciences de l’Environnement les 193 pays membres des de l’UNIGE, dans lesquelles les afin de contrer la désinforma- (ISE) comme dans une goutte Nations Unies. « Le principal experts des deux mondes ont tion sur les questions environ- d’eau : murs et ascenseurs challenge de la formation aux l’occasion de confronter leurs nementales, tout comme leurs sont transparents, la lumière ODD, c’est de pouvoir sélec- vues et pratiques. implications sociales. C’est le s’y glisse avec malice et nous tionner le savoir, les données second défi que tente de relever accompagne jusque dans le et les connaissances dans une « La multiplication des plate- l’Institut. bureau de Géraldine Pflieger, approche intégrative, sans se formes et interfaces de forma- directrice de l’Institut depuis noyer. Le champ de connais- tion et de transfert de savoir « La science comme les orga- 2017. La ferme poignée de sance est tellement vaste que autour des ODD nous obligera nisations internationales sont main de cette experte renom- le maîtriser dans sa totalité tous, collaborateurs des OI et contestées » mée en gouvernance de l’eau est presque impossible car les chercheurs, à faire un tri. Car le « Aujourd’hui, la science tout et du sol, titulaire de la Chaire acteurs qui doivent mettre en temps à disposition est limité », comme les organisations UNESCO en Hydropolitique de œuvre ces objectifs ne sont l’Université de Genève, donne le pas des super-ordinateurs », ton : la formation aux Sciences constate Géraldine Pflieger. Les formations continues de l’ISE de l’environnement est tenue Pour elle, dans un contexte aca- Diplômantes – Session Mobiliser la pensée de main ferme à l’Université de démique, le fonctionnement en – Certificat de formation continue systémique pour devenir acteur de Genève. Il le faut, car le temps silo ne comporte pas que des (CAS) en développement durable : la transition – Session Valorisation de la presse. risques : « Nous avons besoin Horizon 2030 – CAS Management de l’énergie géothermie : le rôle clé des réseaux des chercheurs dans leur silo, – CAS Geomatics for a Sustainable de chaleur – Cycle de formation Développement Depuis 2009, quand l’ISE a car ils travaillent dans la pro- Environment – CAS Water Governance : Frameworks durable et Grand Genève. A la été créé par le rectorat pour fondeur de leur domaine. C’est and Negotiations rencontre des scientifiques et des répondre aux grands défis envi- le rôle de l’Université d’avoir – Maîtrise d’études avancées (MAS) acteurs de terrain. en urbanisme – et ses différents – Cycle de conférence Energie- ronnementaux de notre époque, une recherche disciplinaire à Environnement CAS (Thèmes et échelles de – Journée Études des problèmes de tant au plan de la recherche la pointe, puis de donner sens l’urbanisme, Projet d’urbanisme et l’énergie et de l’enseignement que du à un assemblage de savoirs planification spatiale, Information – International Water Law and the Law géographique en urbanisme, service à la Cité, l’institut a interdisciplinaires. » of Transboundary Aquifers (distance Urbanisme opérationnel et learning course) (2019) délivré plus de 240 diplômes opérateurs urbains – Droit international de l’eau douce de formation continue et près La collaboration de l’ISE avec Qualifiantes (formation en ligne) (2019) de 400 Masters, a achevé plus les organisations internatio- – Global Environmental Policy Programme – Strategic de 60 projets de recherche et nales à Genève fait partie de Sustainability Leadership soutenu 58 doctorats. l’ADN de l’institut, et c’est par

38 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 internationales sont contes- la biodiversité, le climat, l’eau, tées, regrette Géraldine Pflieger. l’énergie, les villes et territoires. Nous vivons une époque « Il s’agit de raccourcir la boucle conduite par une post-vérité où de passage entre la science et la limite entre le vrai et le faux la pratique, de rendre intelli- est brouillée et où tout ce que gibles les masses de données font les institutions est inter- que l’on possède aujourd’hui, rogé. » La solution, pour l’ISE, notamment parfois à l’aide du pourrait bien être dans le lien storytelling ». avec la société civile. Il s’agirait de travailler sur plus de colla- Apprendre à divulguer le savoir boration avec celle-ci, de créer à un public large, de manière des instruments de coproduc- didactique tion et de transfert réciproque « Notre grand défi pour demain, du savoir entre la science et en tant qu’institution de forma- le politique. Des initiatives de tion, ce sera d’arriver à élever ce type sont déjà en cours, les consciences aux probléma- comme l’initiative GE-En-Vie, tiques environnementales à un réseau thématique sur l'en- l’échelle planétaire, pas seu- vironnement regroupant l’État lement à Genève et dans son de Genève (DT), l’Université écosystème », relève Géaldine

de Genève (ISE) et la HES-SO Pflieger. « Pour ce faire, nos © LorrisGermann Genève (HEPIA), qui vise à étudiants et chercheurs doivent Géraldine Pflieger développer un outil d'aide à apprendre à divulguer leur la décision stratégique pour savoir de manière didactique aider l'État dans sa mission de afin d’éclairer et d’alimenter le préservation et de gestion de débat au niveau mondial. » Pour 2019 - Upcoming commons Activities l'environnement. « Des métho- cette spécialiste de la régula- dologies poussées de collecte et tion des ressources naturelles The Knowledge & Learning Commons is a joint initiative of the UN Library Geneva and the Centre for Learning and Multilingualism, Human Resources Management System, offering opportunities for informal d’analyse de données permet- partagées, il s’agira d’ici dix learning, knowledge exchange and collaboration for diplomats, UN staff, and interns in Geneva. Based on tront de croiser les différentes ans d’avoir créé les bons ins- a Knowledge Cand Learningatalogue Needs Assessment, the following S prioritytreamS streams were identified for 2019. pcoming ommons ctivities 2019 - U atalogue c treamSConflict resolution A dimensions des ODD et d’at- truments de coproduction et Meet theC future: S 2019& Mediation teindre ces objectifs de manière de transfert du savoir entre la The Knowledge & LearningInnovation Commons & technology is a joint2019 initiative of the UN Library Geneva and the Centre for Learning and Multilingualism, Human Resources Management System,Languages offering opportunities for informal simultanée, au lieu de vouloir science et le politique. Ensuite, & Multilingualism learning, knowledge2019 exchange - U andpcoming collaboration for SDGsSDGsc diplomats,ommons UN staff, andA internsctivities in Geneva. Based on a Knowledge and Learning Needs Assessment, the followingConflict priority resolution streams were identified for 2019. ouvrir une boîte après l’autre », il faudra prendre en compte Meet the future: & MediationConflict resolution The KnowledgeMeet & the Learning future:Innovation Commons & Technology is a joint initiative of the UN Library Geneva and the Centre for se réjouit la directrice. le nombre de personnes à Learning and Multilingualism,Communication Human Resources ManagementConflict System,&Languages Mediationresolution offering opportunities for informal Meet the future: & Multilingualism learning, knowledgeInnovation exchange & Technology and collaboration for diplomats,& Mediation UN staff, and interns in Geneva. Based on Innovation & technology former, qui va nécessaire- a Knowledge and Learning Needs Assessment, the following priority streamsLanguages were identified for 2019. The Commons provides Languages La formation continue : raccour- ment augmenter, ici comme a space for innovative & Multilingualism& Multilingualism Communication Conflict resolution Meet the future: learning, experimentation, cir la boucle entre la science et ailleurs. Enfin, le marché du & Mediation Innovation & technologycommunity creation and la pratique travail sera toujours plus à la Communication gender inclusivness and Languages The Commons provides mainstreaming & Multilingualism L’Université de Genève a inté- recherche de compétences dans a space for innovative learning, experimentation, Communication The Commons provides community creation and gré l’approche du dévelop- ces domaines d’étude, car nous a space for innovative gender inclusivness and 11 March - #MondayMotivationCommunication series - “Portable Office: work away from your pement durable très tôt avec devrons résoudre de plus en learning,mainstreaming experimentation, desk with Jabber and Office365”,community from 12:30 creation p.m and to 2 p.m., at the Library Events la création d’un Certificat de plus de crises et de problèmes Room B.135 (LER). Thegender Commons inclusivness provides and formation continue (CAS) en liés à notre environnement. 8 October “Leading Differently:The How aCommons spacemainstreaming Seismic for innovative providesShifts in the Commercial World 5 April - “The KnowledgeGamelan: & Learning a collaborative Commonslearning, experimentation, musical workshop”, with the Permanent Shape International Organizations”a space with for Professor innovative Howard Yu, from 3 p.m. to développement durable il y a Géraldine Pflieger compte Mission of the@UNGeneva Republic of Indonesia,community workshops creation and at 10 a.m and 2 p.m., at the 4.30LER p.m., B.135. at theFOR LibraryUN STAFF, DIPLOMATS, Eventslearning, INTERNS Roomgender experimentation,inclusivness (B.135).http://commons.ungeneva.org/ and déjà plus de quinze ans, puis beaucoup sur la formation à 11 March - #MondayMotivation seriesmainstreaming - “Portable Office: work away from your 9desk October with Jabber and Office365”,community from 12:30 creation p.m to and 2 p.m., at the Library Events toute une série de formations distance pour aller porter la 11 April - “Interactive “Cooperative lecture Excellence - UN Spanish workshop”, Language with the Week”, Human room Resources 12.30 to 2ManagementRoom p.m., atB.135 the (LER).Library Service, Events from 12:30 genderRoom p.m (B.135). inclusivness to 2 p.m., at theand LER B.135. continues diplômantes ou qua- connaissance vers les publics 177115 AprilMayOctober March -- “Composite“The - #MondayMotivation “UN Gamelan: Geneva indicators a collaborativeDragons’ asseriesmainstreaming a Dentool -musical “Portable challenge”,to measure workshop”, Office: fromthe progress 12.30 workwith the awayto towards 2.30Permanent from p.m., yourthe lifiantes. Ces formations sont marginalisés, peu éduqués, et atSDGs”,deskMission the Librarywith withof Jabber the Eventsthe Republic University and Room Office365”, of Indonesia,(B.135).of Geneva from workshops&12:30 UNECE, p.m tofrom at 2 10p.m., 12:30 a.m at and p.m.the 2 Libraryto p.m., 2 p.m., atEvents the at destinées à des praticiens et qui seront fortement impactés theRoomLER LER B.135. B.135 B.135. (LER). 4 November “The UN Global Compact Partnership Skills Workshop”, from 511 April April - “The- “Cooperative Gamelan: a collaborative Excellence workshop”, musical workshop”, with the with Human the Permanent Resources acteurs qui souhaitent s’ou- par le changement environne- t1.00o be p.m. informed to 2.30 AboUt p.m., atoUr the Upcoming Library Events events Room (B.135). MissionManagement of the Service, Republic from of Indonesia,12:30 p.m toworkshops 2 p.m., at atthe 10 LER a.m B.135. and 2 p.m., at the n vrir à des thématiques nou- mental. Knowledge19LER [email protected] B.135. & Learning Commons 7 May - “Composite“Cooperative indicators Excellence as a tool Cycleto measure 4th session”, the progress with the towards Human the velles, se spécialiser dans un Resources Management Service from 12.30 to 2 p.m., at the Library Events @UNGeneva11SDGs”,commons.ungeneva.org commons.ungeneva.orgApril with - “Cooperative the University Excellence of Geneva workshop”,& UNECE, from with 12:30 the Human p.m. to Resources 2 p.m., at domaine, élargir leur spectre Toutes les formations de l’ISE sur FORRoomForManagementthe UN moreLER STAFF,(B.135). B.135.information, DIPLOMATS, Service, contact from INTERNS 12:30us at [email protected] to 2 p.m., http://commons.ungeneva.org/at the LER B.135. https :/www.unige.ch/environnement/fr/ #Commons#Commons disciplinaire ou simplement t7o Maybe informed - “Composite AboUt indicators oUr Upcoming as a tool events to measure the progress towards the découvrir de nouveaux outils. SDGs”, with the University of Geneva & UNECE, from 12:30 p.m. to 2 p.m., at [email protected] LER B.135. Le portefeuille de formations commons.ungeneva.orgcommons.ungeneva.org to be informed AboUt oUr Upcoming events continues de l’ISE colle à ses For more information, contact us at [email protected] #Commons#Commons cinq thématiques de recherche : [email protected] commons.ungeneva.orgcommons.ungeneva.org #CommonsFor more information, contact us at [email protected] #Commons UN Special – October 2019 | 39 ART & CULTURE À vos agendas•Save the date SARAH BENCHERIF, UNITAR

Geneva International Film Autumn of Japanese Culture Geneva Brass Festival – Festival (GIFF) 1 September – 1 December Festival de cuivres de Genève 1– 8 November This is an annual event not 9–13 October Celebrating its 25th anniver- to be missed by all lovers of This event allows the Geneva sary this year, the GIFF conti- Japanese culture. This 20th public to discover or rediscover nues to shake up the codes. A edition includes around 30 the brass each year. In the form pioneer in the Swiss audio-vi- events in line with traditional of brass bands, world music, sual scene, the Festival has and contemporary Japanese jazz, classical, baroque, elec- positioned itself as a true plat- culture: concerts, exhibitions, tro, the brass bands resonate in form for innovation, relentlessly screenings, interactive activi- Geneva during these few days seeking to transcend genres ties, martial arts, cosplay, etc. of the festival. and disciplines by combining These events take place Informations cinema, television and digital throughout the autumn in the http://www.genevabrassfestival.ch/en/ technology. This convergence cantons of Geneva, Vaud and is also illustrated by the 2019 Valais. The Comédie de Genève kaleidoscopic poster. Informations “Para” by David Van For 10 days, the GIFF will https://www.geneve.ch.emb-japan. Reybrouck / Raven Ruëll go.jp/acj_2019/programme.htm showcase a program featuring 10 –14 October films, TV series and digital arts. Walking in a soldier’s shoes. As part of its 25th edition, Festival JazzContreBand 2019 The play tells the story of a the GIFF will feature French 1– 29 October soldier enrolled in 1992 in an Canadian film director, The JazzContreBand festival international peacekeeping screenwriter, producer and is back! Discover the pro- operation in Somalia – and actor Xavier Dolan, the most gramme for this 23rd edition: who was not prepared for the fascinating cinema perso- 70 concerts, 3 masterclasses in mission he was entrusted with. nality of his generation. An 28 locations on both sides of Informations award-winning virtuoso, Xavier the Franco-Swiss border. https://www.comedie.ch Dolan will receive a brand-new Informations prize given by the Festival for https://jazzcontreband.com/ “Aida” – Grand Théâtre de the very first time, the Geneva Genève Award. ANIMATOU International 11–22 October A full retrospective of his Animation Film Festival in “Aida” the legendary opera movies will support this tribute: Geneva of Giuseppe Verdi in co-pro- an opportunity for all to appre- 4–12 October duction with English National ciate the fascinating career of This festival is dedicated to Opera London and Houston a prolific and visionary artist bringing the best of Swiss Grand Opera, sung in Italian who delights audiences with and international animation with surtitles in French and his boldness, his talent when to spectators of all ages and English it comes to transcribing the promoting an awareness of Informations most extreme emotions, and art films rarely screened in https://www.gtg.ch/aida/ his sophisticated and clever commercial cinemas. This year, lyricism. Poland is selected for their high An exceptional masterclass on quality of production for a spe- Saturday, November 9, during cial programme. which Xavier Dolan will have Informations the opportunity to present his http://animatou.com/ work and talk with festival goers. Not to be missed! Informations https://www.giff.ch/en/

40 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 International Labour Organization ‘Open Day’ 15 October This is an historic first! The ILO invites you, in collaboration with the Foundation for Geneva, to discover its 100 years of action on the ground but also to dialogue together on the future of the world of work. Through various fun

and interactive activities, visi- © Olivier Borgognon tors will be able to discover the past, present and future of the world of work. The Open Day FAITES VOUS DU BIEN ! will include encounters with a LES 20 KM DE GENÈVE BY GENÈVE AÉROPORT FONT ESCALE À L’ONU robot, an experience of virtual Envolez-vous pour les 20 km de Genève by Genève Aéroport le dimanche 3 novembre 2019 ! reality and an invitation to Choisissez votre format entre les deux distances proposées : 20 km Solo, Duo ou Trio ou 10 km Course, share your own vision of the Walking, Nordic Walking. future of work. Suite au succès rencontré ces deux dernières années, rejoignez cet automne plusieurs milliers de Informations participants qui se rassembleront sur le Quai du Mont-Blanc pour participer à la troisième édition. https://www.fondationpourgeneve.ch/ web/oit2019/ UN PARCOURS À TRAVERS L’ONU Après avoir effectué le premier kilomètre au bord du Lac Léman, les coureurs auront le privilège de franchir les grilles du Palais des Nations, ouvertes spécialement pour l’événement ! Un moment exclusif pour décou- World Food Day vrir autrement la Genève Internationale. 16 October Le tracé sur la rive droite traverse ensuite la campagne Genevoise, revêtue de ses premières couleurs The FAO Liaison Office in automnales, avant de plonger vers la rade. Les coureurs termineront leur effort au bord du Lac face au Jet Geneva is planning to organize d’Eau. a sensitization event around the LES FORMATS DE COURSE need for sustainable diets. This Pour ceux qui voulaient partager les 20 km, deux autres formules en Duo ou Trio sont au menu. Une façon event will take place on October conviviale de se répartir la distance et de relever le défi à plusieurs. 16th at Gare Cornavin, and will Pour les adeptes des plus courtes distances, un format 10 km a été créé en 2019 avec plusieurs be orchestrated in coordination catégories ; un format course et deux formats marche et marche nordique. with local and international actors. LES 20KM DE GENÈVE BY GENÈVE AÉROPORT SOUTIENNENT LE RÉSEAU CANCER DU SEIN Nous sommes fiers d’annoncer que le Réseau Cancer du Sein est à nouveau cette année notre partenaire Informations http://www.fao.org/world-food-day caritatif. Le cancer du sein touche 1 femme sur 8. Dans le canton de Genève, plus de 450 femmes sont diagnos- Geneva Peace Week 2019 tiquées chaque année. Près de 8000 femmes confrontées au cancer du sein vivent dans notre canton. Avec leur entourage, elles représentent plus de 15% de la population. Grâce aux progrès thérapeutiques, le 4 – 8 November taux de survie est élevé, mais les femmes concernées continuent à vivre avec des effets adverses des trait- Geneva Peace Week offers an ements durant plusieurs années. De plus, le cancer du sein a des impacts conséquents sur les différentes opportunity to connect and sphères de la vie personnelle, sociale et professionnelle. highlight the work of peace- – Lors de votre inscription aux 20 km de Genève by Genève Aéroport – faites un don au Réseau Cancer du building actors and to expand Sein. the space for building peace – Si vous participez aux 10 km Walking, rejoignez la Marche rose. Vous pouvez indiquer votre présence sur and resolving conflict through votre formulaire d’inscription. Le jour de la course, rendez-vous devant la tente rose située au départ de dialogue and negotiation. la course, avec une touche de rose ! La Marche rose s’adresse à toutes-tous : aux femmes concernées, à Informations leurs proches, à toute personne qui souhaite apporter un soutien à cette cause. https://www.genevapeaceweek.ch/ Informations Les informations et inscriptions sont disponibles sur www.20kmgeneveaeroport.ch.

La Suisse inconnue, à la découverte des 26 cantons Neuchâtel: Cornaux

Une série de 26 impressions des lieux plutôt inconnus – loin du tourisme autour de moi autant de l’alle- et maintenant la chapelle fait mand que du français. Sur la partie intégrale du temple. terrasse, je mange un étonnant goulash de poulet, très bon, et Malheureusement, depuis que CARLA EDELENBOS, EX HCDH au dessert j’ose demander au le pasteur n’habite plus dans la En quittant le train à Cornaux, patron si jamais il y a moyen maison à côté, le temple reste je me demande si je me suis de voire le temple à l’intérieur. fermé la plupart du temps. Fait trompée. La gare est à quelques Après un coup de téléphone, il curieux : le mobilier du temple – centaines de mètres du village, m’assure que la personne qui les bancs et l’orgue – appartient dans une zone agro-indus- a la clé va venir pour m’ouvrir. à la paroisse, mais le bâtiment trielle, avec un grand Landi Ça, c’est du service ! à la commune ! C’est rare que et des silos, pas vraiment un des cultes réguliers sont encore but de voyage ! Mais aussitôt Le temple en question date du célébrés ici, ce sont surtout la route traversée, le charme 14e siècle, avec expansions du des services funèbres ou des du bourg m’a pris, avec ses 16e siècle et des restaurations mariages qui y sont accueillis. rues longées par des maisons au 19e et 20e siècle. Le gardien sobres, plusieurs entre elles des clés, un vrai Corbanetsch Cornaux se situe entre le lac de datant du 16e siècle. Tout ici qui fut jadis membre du conseil Neuchâtel et celui de Bienne. respire le calme, comme il n’y municipal et du conseil de Mais ce n’est qu’en grimpant a jamais eu d’événement per- paroisse, m’explique que dans dans les vignobles, que je trouve turbant dans son histoire. l’année 1500 une riche famille un point de vue depuis lequel avait construit une chapelle pri- j’arrive à apercevoir ces 2 lacs. Après un premier petit tour vée au côté sud de l’église, la Autrement, rien n’indique la pendant lequel j’essaie en chapelle Clottu. Même si elle présence de ces deux bassins vain d’ouvrir une des portes était adossée au temple, l’ac- touristiques, et Cornaux passe du temple, je me décide pour cès se faisait de l’extérieur et inaperçu pour les touristes qui le menu du jour du restaurant exclusivement la famille avait s’y baladent. Le vignoble, où du Soleil, qui se trouve en face. le droit de l’utiliser ! C’est seu- dansent des papillons de cou- Cornaux étant proche de la lement à la fin du 19ième siècle leurs vives et diverses, donne le frontière linguistique, j’entends que cette prérogative prit fin cru de Cornaux, qui est cultivé

par le seul viticulteur du village, habitants d’échanger des Serge Divernois. Il pratique la livres librement. Les armoires culture intégrée, et même si ont été peintes par des enfants la superficie du vignoble n’est de l’école et par une artiste pas grande (4.5 hectares, locale. Regarder ces dessins exclusivement sur le territoire donne tout de suite envie de de Cornaux) il réussit à culti- commencer à lire ! ver 4 cépages qui donnent 9 vins différents, parmi lesquels Il fait chaud le jour de ma visite, la spécialité neuchâteloise, le et avant de partir je bois une non-filtré, issue du chasselas. bière sur la terrasse de l’autre La cave n’étant ouverte que le restaurant du village, l’Auberge vendredi soir, je suis contente du Vignoble. Point de vignoble de voir que le magasin du vil- en vue, même s’il n’est pas loin, lage, qui sert aussi de bureau mais la petite terrasse agréable de poste, vend des produits est au centre du vieux bourg et locaux, y compris heureuse- l’endroit parfait pour s’impré- ment des bouteilles du cru de gner du calme des lieux. Cornaux, que je dégusterai avec Depuis Genève, prenez le train pour beaucoup de plaisir dès mon Une dame me dit que si Cornaux Neuchâtel, et ensuite le train régional retour à la maison. m’a plu, je devrais absolument direction de Bienne. Durée du trajet une revenir en décembre – c’est le bonne heure et demie. Dans la Rue des Fontaines, je moment où les habitants illu- découvre une petite terrasse minent toutes les maisons avec couverte, avec deux armoires des décorations de Noël, et l’ef- pleines de livres, une petite fet est assuré d’être splendide. table et deux chaises. C’est Rendez-vous d’ores et déjà le lieu idéal pour s’arrêter et pris ! n lire un bouquin ! Ces « livres en balade » permettent aux

UN Special – October 2019 | 43 ART & CULTURE

CAP-VERT 1/4 Beauté volcanique

Née de la passion de trois guides de haute montagne, Allibert Trekking* conçoit et organise des randonnées, trekkings et expéditions dans le monde entier depuis plus de 40 ans. Leur catalogue propose plus de 1600 voyages, tous plus attrayants les uns que les autres. Pour tous fanatiques d’aventures, toujours assoiffés d’explorations, le plus dur restera à faire, choisir la bonne destination.

Formé lors de l’éruption de 1951, l’imposant cône volcanique du Pico de Fogo culmine à 2829 m de haut.

TEXTE & PHOTOS CLAUDE MAILLARD l’Afrique et l’Amérique du Sud, Un périple au Cap-Vert, riche s’égrène un chapelet d’îles aux en découvertes, qui conjuguera paysages époustouflants où plaisir de la randonnée et ren- rivalisent minéral et cultures contre des populations nous tropicales. Des îles baignées fera découvrir les îles les plus d’une culture créole originale emblématiques de cet archipel et chaleureuse, le Cap Vert. volcanique fascinant. Santo L’archipel, qui a emprunté son Antao, île phare du trek au Cap- nom à la presqu’île du Cap Vert Vert, à la nature exubérante située sur le rivage atlantique et aux villages accueillants. du Sénégal, est à 500 km des Sao Vicente, désert s’élançant côtes africaines. Avec les îles vers la mer, avec Mindelo, ville des Açores, de Madère et des d’artistes. Brava l’authentique, Canaries, le Cap- Vert com- paradis botanique posé sur pose la Macaronésie. Selon la l’océan. Fogo, île-volcan avec légende, Dieu créa le monde et sa caldeira et son pico cen- jeta la poignée de terre restante tral… C’est parti pour deux dans l’Atlantique, ce qui donna semaines d’aventures dans cet naissance aux îles isolées du éden perdu au milieu de l’océan Cap-Vert. D’un point de vue Atlantique, terre de contrastes plus scientifique, la dizaine à la nature flamboyante et sau- d’îles du Cap-Vert dont 9 sont vage, au plus proche d’une habitées, se sont formées par population extrêmement hos- une succession d’épisodes pitalière et chaleureuse qui fait volcaniques. Celles situées à de son pays un endroit à la dou- l’ouest, plus jeunes, comme ceur de vivre exceptionnelle. Fogo, Brava, Santiago et Santo Antao conservent un relief tour- menté, au contraire des îles de Isolé au milieu de l’Atlantique l’est, les plus anciennes, qui ont Sur la route maritime entre été aplanies par les éléments.

44 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 Ces maisons colorées perdues dans la montagne font partie du paysage familier du Cap-Vert.

Particulièrement exposées au vénitien Alvise Ca’da Mosto, vent, elles sont divisées en d’après ses écrits, est arrivé sur deux groupes répartis suivant les lieux en 1456. Mais des his- leur position face aux alizés. toriens, dont Antonio Carreira, Au nord, les îles Barlavento sont sûrs que des Africains, (au vent) comprennent Santo plus précisément des pêcheurs Antao, Sao Vicente, Santa Luzia, sénégalais venus des côtes Branco, Raso, Sao Nicolau, Sal situées en face de l’archipel, et Boa Vista. Les îles Sotavento ont occupé les terres pendant (sous le vent) au sud regroupent quelques temps. Officiellement Maio, Santiago, Fogo et Brava. c’est la version portugaise qui a été retenue et dans le premier temps de la colonisation, De leur découverte à nos jours seules les îles de Santiago et L’histoire de la découverte des de Fogo sont exploitées et îles du Cap-Vert est très contro- peuplées. Deux années plus versée de nos jours, et il est tard, des colons portugais ori- très difficile de dire exactement ginaires d’Algarve et d’Alentejo De nature extrêmement sociable et chaleureuse, la population du Cap- Vert est très quels sont les premiers arri- débarquent et fondent la ville accueillante. vants. Les Portugais la reven- de Ribeira Grande (l’actuelle diquent en affirmant que c’est Cidade Velha) qui deviendra Diogo Gomes et Antonio de la première capitale du Cap- Noli qui, en 1460, accostent Vert. Ils amènent avec eux des dans les îles du Cap-Vert, alors esclaves provenant d’Afrique inhabitées. Toutefois, les histo- de l’Ouest. L’archipel devient riens s’accordent à dire qu’au alors une escale idéale pour XIIe siècle, bien avant l’arrivée les navires participant au des Portugais, des navigateurs commerce triangulaire, traite arabes ou grecs connaissent négrière menée au moyen ces îles repérées par les géo- d’échanges entre l’Europe, graphes arabes. Le marin l’Afrique et les Amériques. La

UN Special – October 2019 | 45 ART & CULTURE

Sur leurs frêles esquifs, ces pêcheurs artisanaux bravent un océan irascible pour Pour les amateurs de randonnée, les îles de Brava, Fogo et surtout Santo Antao sont rapporter thons, murènes et daurades. le paradis.

fonde en 1956 le Parti afri- à laquelle Jorge Carlos Fonseca, cain pour l’indépendance de Président actuel du Cap-Vert, la Guinée- Bissau et des îles prendra ses fonctions. du Cap-Vert (PAIGC). S’en suivent de longs conflits armés, En route pour l’Aventure le dictateur portugais Salazar Après une escale à Lisbonne, n’étant pas enclin à aban- l’arrivée à l’aéroport de Mindelo donner ses colonies. En avril sur l’île de Sao Vicente se fera 1972, l’ONU reconnaît le PAIGC après 3 h45 de vol. Capitale comme unique représentant culturelle et musicale de l’île, des peuples de Guinée-Bissau aux accents du Brésil, d’Afrique et du Cap-Vert. Trois années et du Portugal, Mindelo est la 2e plus tard, après que le général ville du pays (derrière la capi- Marcelo Caetano, représentant tale capverdienne Praia) et sa le gouvernement fasciste de baie fait partie du « club » des La baie de Mindelo, sur l’île de Sao Vicente, est magnifique. Salazar, soit renversé, le Cap- plus belles baies du monde. Vert accède à l’indépendance. Demain, c’est en bateau que distribution d’esclaves noirs tuant des dizaines de milliers Compagnon de lutte d’Amilcar nous rejoindrons Porto Novo aux colonies du Nouveau d’habitants. Les Capverdiens Cabral, Aristides Pereira en dans le sud de l’île de Santo Monde sera assurée, ainsi que commencent à émigrer en deviendra le premier président Antao située plus au nord. Nous l’approvisionnement de l’Eu- Nouvelle-Angleterre, mouve- et c’est la création de l’Escudo, débuterons notre aventure au rope en produits de ces colonies ment favorisé par la présence la monnaie nationale. Suite Cap-Vert à travers des champs et la fourniture à l’Afrique des abondante de baleines dans à un coup d’Etat en Guinée- de lave et de scories avant produits européens et améri- les eaux de l’archipel. En Bissau, le Cap-Vert coupera d’atteindre le vaste cirque de cains. L’abolition de la traite effet, dès 1810, des baleiniers toutes relations avec cet Etat. Ribeira das Patas parmi une des esclaves ne prendra fin du Massachusetts et de Rhode Le PAIGC, qui sera rebaptisé nature spectaculaire, grandiose qu’en 1866. Island recrutent leurs équi- PAICV, remporte les nouvelles et rude. n pages dans les îles de Brava élections législatives en 1985 Afin de permettre l’accélération et de Fogo. Beaucoup finirent avant d’être détrôné en 1991 Suite de l’aventure à vivre dans le prochain numéro du UN Special de la colonisation, une charte par s’installer de l’autre côté par le parti d’opposition, le royale accordera le droit de de l’Atlantique à la recherche Mouvement pour la démocratie * Allibert Trekking www.allibert-trekking.com commerce avec la côte occiden- d’une vie meilleure. Et (MPD). Antonio Mascarenhas Contact France : +33 4 76 45 50 50 tale de l’Afrique et en 1494, le aujourd’hui, on recense Monteiro prendra alors le pou- Contact Suisse : +41 22 519 03 23 Cap-Vert deviendra domaine 400 000 Capverdiens expatriés voir et restera à la tête du pays de la couronne portugaise. Une aux Etats-Unis. pendant 10 ans avant que le longue et meurtrière période PAICV ne reprenne le dessus. de sécheresse mettra à mal la Ingénieur agronome qui a Pedro Pires est élu Président prospérité du Cap-Vert, pro- fait ses études supérieures de la République, poste qu’il voquant famine sur famine, à Lisbonne, Amilcar Cabral conservera jusqu’en 2011, date

46 | UN Special – Octobre 2019 Message du rédacteur en chef Message from the editor-in-chief

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UN Special – October 2019 | 47 Let’s build tomorrow’s healthcare together.

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