sign in sign up
<<
Home , Absolute value, Number

MATH VOCABULARY TERMS

Absolute Value—the that a Bisector—line that divides a unit into two equal is from zero on the parts (positive) Celsius —the system scale for measuring Acute angle—an angle with a temperature less than 90o —a circle’s perimeter; C = πd Addends—any number being added of —the sum Property of Zero—for stays the same when the order of the addends is any number n, n+ 0 = n changed; Additive Identity—the number zero a + b = b + a —a number whose sum Complement of an event(probability)—the with a given number is 0. Also called event consisting of all outcomes not in the given opposite event Adjacent Angles—two angles that are Complementary Angles—two angles that have next to each other and connected by one measures with a sum of 90° side of the angles Composite number—any Algebraic Expression—a positive exactly divisible of , symbols, by one or more positive and variables that express other than itself and 1 an operation or a of Congruent Figures- Figures operations having the same size and shape. —steps used to find a Figures that are the image of each other under a result…for example: procedure used for reflection, rotation, translation, or any adding two numbers combination of these are congruent Alternate Exterior Angles—angles Construction—an accurate image of a figure formed by two lines and a transversal that made using only a straightedge and a compass are on opposite sides of the transversal but Contraction—a size change in which the factor k not between the two given lines is nonzero and between –1 and 1 Alternate Interior Angles—angles Corresponding Angles—any pair of angles in formed by two lines and a transversal that similar locations in relation to a transversal are between the two given lines on intersecting two lines opposite sides of the transversal Degree of a —the highest power of Altitude—the perpendicular segment from any term of a polynomial a vertex of a to the opposite side of Denominator—in a , the . The the triangle. Also called height. a number b in the fraction . Angle—two rays that share an endpoint b of Addition—the —twice the radius of a circle or sphere; sum stays the same when the grouping of a segment connecting two points on a circle that addends is changed; a + (b + c) = (a + contains the center of the circle b) + c y Difference—the amount that remains after one Base—1) In a power x , x. 2) The side of quantity is subtracted from another a triangle perpendicular to an altitude or Dilation—transformation in which an image is height. 3) The bottom of a box, or enlarged or decreased proportionately from its rectangular solid. 4) In a trapezoid, one of earlier size the parallel sides. 5) In a cylindric solid, —1) The length or width of a one of the regions translated to form rectangle. 2) The number of rows or the number the solid. of columns in an array. 3) The length, width, or —a polynomial with two terms height of a box.

MATH VOCABULARY TERMS

Discriminate—to see and note the Image—the result of applying a transformation to differences between two things a figure Dividend—the number in a that is Impossible event—an event with a probability of being divided. In the a ÷ b, a is the 0 dividend Independent events—two events A and B are Divisible—when one number divides independent events when and only when evenly into another number Prob (A and B) = Prob (A) • Prob (B) Edges— the sides of the faces of a Inequality—a mathematical sentence that rectangular solid. compares two unequal expressions using one of —a mathematical sentence with the symbols <, >, ≤, ≥, or ≠. an equal Instance—a particular example of a pattern Estimate—approximate Integers—a number, which is a whole number or Expansion—a size change with a the opposite of a whole number {…-3,-2,- whose is greater 1,0,1,2,3,…} than 1 Interior Angles—angles formed by two lines and Exponential form—a number written as a a transversal that have some points between the power two given lines Expression—a combination of variables, —a that cannot be numbers and symbols written as a simple fraction Evaluating the Expression—to find the Legs of a right triangle—the sides of a right value of a mathematical expression triangle that are on the sides of the right angle, or Exterior Angles—angles formed by two the lengths of these sides lines and a transversal that have no points Like Terms—terms that involve the same between given lines variables to the same powers. Factor—1) A number that divides evenly Linear equation—an equation of the form y = ax into another number. 2) To find the factors + b, forms a straight line, all the variables are to of a particular number. the first power Fahrenheit—temperature scale Linear pair—two angles that share a common Formula—a sentence in which one side and whose non-common sides are opposite is given in terms of other variables rays and numbers Magnitude—1) An amount measuring the size of Fraction— a symbol of the form a/b a turn. 2) The distance between a point and its which represents the quotient when a is translation image. 3) A size change factor divided by b Mean—the sum of the numbers divided by the Function—a of ordered pairs in which amount of numbers in a collection (also called each first coordinate appears with exactly average) one second coordinate —in a collection of numbers arranged in Height—1) The perpendicular distance numerical order, it is the middle number from any vertex of a triangle to the side Minuend—in a problem, the number opposite that vertex. 2) The distance from which another number is subtracted. In a – b, between the bases of the trapezoid. 3) The the minuend is a distance between the bases of a cylinder or —in a collection of data, it is the object that prism. occurs most often Hypotenuse—the longest side of a right Monomial—the product of constants and triangle variables MATH VOCABULARY TERMS

Multiplicative Inverse—a number whose % of change = amount of change * 100 product with a given number is 1; also original amount called reciprocal Perfect —a number that is the square of a Mutually Exclusive events—events that whole number cannot occur at the same time Perimeter—the distance around a figure; the sum Natural Numbers—any of the numbers 1, of all the sides of a figure 2, 3,…, also called the positive integers. Permutation—an arrangement of letters, names Net—a plane pattern for a three- or objects dimensional figure Perpendicular—two rays, segments, or lines that Nonlinear equation—containing a form right angles variable with an exponent other than one Perpendicular bisector—a line that divides a line Numerator—in a fraction the dividend. segment in half and meets the segment at right a angles The number a in the fraction . b Polynomial—the sum of monomials Obtuse angle—an angle whose measure is Power—the product obtained by multiplying a between 90o and 180o quantity by itself a specified number of times, as number is 0, also called the additive indicated by its exponent inverse Pre-image— a figure to which a transformation Opposite of Opposites Property—for any has been applied number n, - (- n) = n —a positive integer other than 1 Ordered pair—a that is divisible only by itself and one pair of numbers or Product—the answer in a problem objects (x,y) in which Property of Opposites—for any number the first number x is n, n + (- n) = 0 designated to be the Proportion—a statement that two are first coordinate and equal the second number y —let the legs of a right is designated to be the second coordinate triangle have length a and b. Let the hypotenuse 2 2 2. —the point (0,0) in a coordinate have length c, then a + b = c graph Quadrant—One of the four regions of the Outcome—a possible result of an coordinate plane determined by the x- and y- axis experiment —a function with a second Parallel—always the same distance apart degree variable Parallel lines—two or more lines that do Quotient—the answer in a division problem not intersect Radius—the segment, or the length of the Pattern—a general idea for which there segment, from the center of a circle to a point on are many examples the circle Percent—a number written using the Range—In a collection of numbers, the difference %. This indicates that the between the largest and the smallest number number preceding it should be multiplied Rate—the quotient of two quantities with by 0.01 or 1/100 different units Percent change—(increase or decrease) a Ratio—the quotient of two quantities with the way to describe a change in quantity by same units expressing it as a percent of the original —Any number that can be quantity. written as a simple fraction MATH VOCABULARY TERMS

Ray—a part of a line that has one endpoint Simple Interest—the amount of interest and extends infinitely in one direction determined by the following formula: Rate of change—the rate of change Interest = Principal * annual Rate * Time in years between points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is (y2-y1) Size change factor—the number k by which the (x2-x1) coordinates of the preimage are multiplied in a Real number—any number that can be size change written as a . —the amount of change in the height of a Reflection—a transformation in which the line as you move one unit to the right. For a line image of each point lies on a line with equation y = mx + b, the slope is m perpendicular to a fixed line called a Solving a sentence—finding the values of the reflection line or mirror and is the same unknown or unknowns that make the sentence true distance from the reflection line as the pre- Solution set—the set of values that make an image point. equation or an inequality true. Regular —a convex polygon in Supplementary angles—two angles with which all sides have the same length and measures whose sum is 180 degrees. all angles have the same measure —a number or quantity obtained by Relative frequency—the frequency of a dividing a number or quantity into its two equal particular outcome divided by the total factors. number of times an experiment is Square—the product of a number quantity performed multiplied by itself Repeating —a decimal in which Sum—the answer in an addition problem a digit or group of digits to the right of the Supplementary Angles—two angles that have decimal point repeat forever; repeating measures whose sum is 180° decimals are rational numbers System of — two or more related Right triangle—a triangle that has one 90 equations for which you seek a common solution degree angle System of inequalities—two or more related Rotational symmetry—the property that a inequalities for which you seek a common figure coincides with its own image under solution a rotation of less than 360° Symmetry—exact correspondence of form and Sample space—a list of all possible configuration on opposite sides of a dividing line outcomes of an activity or plane or about a certain point Scale—the conversion factor used to Terminating decimal—a decimal with only a convert real world sizes to sizes in a finite number of nonzero decimal places drawing Transformation—a one-to-one correspondence Scientific Notation—a form of writing between a first set (the preimage) and a second set numbers as the product of a (the image). and a decimal number greater than or equal Translation—a two-dimensional slide to 1 and less than 10 Transversal—a line that intersects two or more Set—collection of objects called elements other lines Similar Figures—two figures that have Trinomial—a polynomial with three terms the same shape, but not necessarily the Truncate—to drop off the end numbers same size. Undefined slope—the slope of a vertical line Simplify—to write in lowest terms; to because is undefined combine like terms Uniform scale—a scale in which the numbers are equally spaced so that each represents the same value Unit price—the price of one unit. The total price divided by the number of units. Unit rate—a rate with a denominator of one Unknown—a variable in an open sentence for which the sentence is to be solved Variable—a symbol that can stand for any one of a set of numbers or other objects. Vertex—1. The common endpoint of two rays. 2. A point common to two sides of a polygon 3. One of the points at which two or more edges meet. Vertical Angles—the opposite angles formed when two lines intersect Vertical line test—a graphical test to determine if a relation is a function Volume—the number of cubic units it takes to fill a figure x-axis—on a coordinate grid, the horizontal axis x-coordinate— the signed horizontal distance from the y-axis on a coordinate grid. In an ordered pair, the value that is always written first x-intercept—where a graph crosses the x- axis y-axis—on a coordinate grid, the vertical axis y-coordinate—the signed vertical distance from the x-axis on a coordinate grid. In an ordered pair, the value that is always written second y-intercept—where a graph crosses the y- axis zero-pair—a pair of numbers whose sum is zero