Mesa Verde Cactus and BIA Navajo Transmission Line
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Apr 3 0 1958 Library
RB5IOHAL GRAVTJIT SURVEY OF THE CARRIZO MOUNTAINS AREA, ARIZONA AHD HEW MEXICO By Donald Plouff APR 3 0 1958 LIBRARY U. S. Geological Survey Released to open file May 8, 1958. 42821 This report has not "been edited or evieved for conformity to Geological Survey standards or nomenclature. Contents Page Abstract - . ».-.-. ... ............... ...... ,-. 3 Introduction -- --- - - .« « -.-.-----«- -.- k Asknovledgments ».« £»- -.» »-. -. « -. -.-...-.»-».»«o. 5 Geology » . - . 5 Gfcrfiral - - ............... «... ... 5 Preeambrian roeks -» . » . .. - 6 IVe-Permian sedimentary rocks «> ----- - .- 9 Permian and younger sedimentary rocks -- « 11 Igneous rocks « 12 Sills and laccoliths > 12 Plugs and dikes - - 13 Structure - - - 15 Field survey - - « - 1? Station location - - 1? Equipment « - ...... - . 17 Elevation control - - - . --. .- .- 18 Gravity measurement - .-- ----- 19 Reduction of data - - - - - 21 Interpretation -« - - 22 References - - -- --- 27 42821 Illustrations Main ref. on Page Figure 1. Index map showing location and structural setting of the Carrizo Mountains area, Arizona and New Mexico -- -- -»- 4 2. Generalized geologic map of the Carrizo Mountains area, Arizona and New Mexico ..» - 6 3- Gravity and geologic profiles along line A-A1 / showing known and inferred intrusives and hypothetical relations at depth - - - . .... 12 k. Dlagramm. trie section of Ship Rock diatreme and *>^ hypothetical extension to depth - - 1J 5. Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the Carrizo Mountains area, Arizona and New Mexico 19 All illustrations are at end of text. Tables Table 1. Generalized section of the sedimentary rocks in the Carrizo Mountains area 10 2. Principal facts for gravity base stations of the Carrizo Mountains area, Arizona and Mexico -- .-* 20 REGIONAL GRAVITY SURVEY1 OF THE CARRIZO MOUNTAINS AREA, ARIZONA AKP KEW MEXICO By Donald Plouff Abstract A total of 570 gravity stations were established within an area of about 1,000 square miles south of the common corner of Colorado, Utah, Arizona, and ffew Mexico. -
Sclerocactus Mesae-Verdae (Mesa Verde Cactus)
Status Assessment Report for Sclerocactus mesae-verdae (Mesa Verde cactus) Prepare d for: The Navajo Natural Heritage Program, Window Rock, Arizona By: Juanita A. R. Ladyman, Ph.D. JnJ Associates, LLC Centennial, CO 80122 December 13, 2004 PREAMBLE FOR THE RECOVERY OF SCLEROCACTUS MESAE-VERDAE. Excerpt of the 1984 US Fish and Wildlife Recovery Plan (Heil 1984): “The primary objective of this recovery plan is to restore the Mesa Verde cactus to non- threatened status by: 1) Securing the five known populations from present and future human threats. 2) Ensuring that the Mesa Verde cacti are maintained as vigorous and self-sustaining populations throughout their natural habitat. As this objective is met, delisting will be initiated when the following criteria have been met: I.) Establishment of at least two restricted use areas for selected portions of Mesa Verde cactus habitat on the Navajo Indian Reservation and on BLM administered land. II.) Provision of Mesa Verde cactus stock to trade outlets to help relieve the black market demand through the addition of 10,000 plants per year into the commercial pipeline for 5 years. These goals are to be evaluated for adequacy upon attainment and prior to delisting.” 1 STATUS ASSESSMENT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY..........................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................5 MANAGEMENT STATUS AND NATURAL HISTORY -
Chaco's Place in the Formalized Landscape.Pdf
CHACO’S PLACE IN THE FORMALIZED LANDSCAPE DESIGN AND SURVEYING OF LARGE SCALE GEOMETRIES AS Hopi ceremonial instrument RITUAL PRACTICE DENNIS DOXTATER - UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA Biographic Note The author is a licensed architect with professional academic and practice experience in architecture and landscape architecture. A professional Bachelor of Architecture is from the University of Washington, Seattle, with a M.A. in Socio-Cultural Anthropology at the same institution. A Doctor of Architecture comes from an interdisciplinary program at the University of Michigan. Present status is Professor Emeritus in the College of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture at the University of Arizona. The ancestral Doxtater name is Oneida Indian. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 READING THIS BOOK FROM DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS 3 Social organization 3 Introducing probability comparisons between existing and random patterns 4 “Reading” the design analyses 6 A note to archaeologists 9 1. Toward an Evolutionary Theory of Formalized Large Scale Ritual 11 Frameworks in the Landscape Shamanistic use of “web” structures in the landscape 11 Ritually used cross frameworks in the larger landscape 26 Archaeological interpretations of the interim between shamanistic and 32 historic landscapes Possible origins of ritual landscape cross structures on the Southern Colorado 39 Plateau 2. Probability Comparisons: Alignment Involvement of Great Kiva 51 Locations Existing literature on random comparisons 51 Influence of large scale natural topography on alignments 52 Natural features used in the analysis 57 Locations of great kiva sites 58 Comparing BMIII/PI and PII/PIII 70 3. A Surveyed East Meridian and First Triadic Structure of Chaco 79 The first built ceremonial site as mediator of a large scale bipolar line 84 Intercardinal axes and a triadic ritual definition in Chaco Canyon 86 Great kiva linkage to the landscape: “villages” in the West 93 PROBABILITY TEST: THE MOUNT WILSON MERIDIAN 97 4. -
Chaco Landscapes White Paper FINAL
Chaco Landscapes: Data, Theory and Management Ruth Van Dyke, Stephen Lekson, and Carrie Heitman with a contribution by Julian Thomas February 26, 2016 FINAL February 25, 2016 Report submitted as partial fulfillment of CESU Master Agreement P14AC00979, Project Number: UCOB-109 to Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico by the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 1 CONTENTS User’s Guide THE CHACO LANDSCAPE I. Introduction: Chaco in Time & Space II. Management History III. Landscape: Theoretical Background IV. Defining the Chaco Landscape: Part I – Materials V. Anthropological Research Issues on the Chacoan Landscape A. Chaco’s Boundaries in Time and Space B. Sociopolitical Organization/Complexity C. Exchange & Interaction D. Indigenous Relationships to the Chacoan Landscape E. Dwellings in Places VI. Defining the Chacoan Landscape: Part II – Experiences A. Viewsheds B. Day and Night Skies C. Soundscapes D. Oral Histories VII. Management Considerations APPENDICES Appendix I: Landscape in Canyon-Outlier Models Appendix II: Management Considerations Appendix III: Landscape: Theoretical Background A. Settlement Pattern Studies and GIS B. Cultural Landscapes C. Phenomenology Appendix IV: Defining the Chacoan Landscape A. An Outlier List and Map Example B. Examples of Outlier Diversity C. Roads D. Shrines and Related Features Appendix V: Chaco Landscapes - Some Suggestions from the Old World, by Julian Thomas Appendix VI: Defining the Chacoan Landscape: Part II – Experiences A. Viewsheds B. Day and Night Skies C. Soundscapes REFERENCES 2 User’s Guide This paper, informally termed the “White Paper,” presents current anthropological theory, methods, and research on Chacoan landscapes at several scales. The paper consists of 17 pages of text which summarize anthropological and management issues, supported by 45 pages of Appendices and a list of References cited. -
Navajo Transmission Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement
. .. SUMRY INTRODUCTION Din6 Power Authority @PA), a Navajo Nation enterprise, proposes to construct, operate, and maintain a 500 kilovolt (kV) transmission line planned to deliver electric power from the Four Comers area in northwestern New Mexico across northern Arizona to a terminus in southeastern Nevada. The proposed project, the Navajo Transmission Project ~), is currentiy planned to be in service in the year 2001 and operate for about 50 years. The preparation of an environment impact statement @IS) is required because of Federal government involvement, which includes (1) granting rights-of-way across Federrd and tribal lands and (2) certain participation by Western Area Power Administration ~estem), and agency of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). In accordance the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 ~PA), Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations for implementing NEPA (40 CFR 1500-1508), DOE implementing regulations, and other applicable regulations, Western prepared this draft EIS (DEIS) to document the analysis of the potential effects that the proposed project could have on the natural, human, and cultural resources in the project area. Western is serving as the lead Federd agency under whose direction the EIS is being prepared. The following sections provide summary descriptions of the purpose and need for the proposed project; alternatives considered including the proposed project; dtemative routes including the environmentally preferred; affected environment environmenbl consequences; and scoping, consultation, and coordination. PURPOSE AND NEED For more than a decade, regional electrical transmission systems have become increasingly stressed by the lack of adequate bulk transmission capacity west from the Four Comers area in northwestern New Mexico. -
RESEARCH Late Cretaceous Crustal Hydration in the Colorado Plateau
RESEARCH Late Cretaceous crustal hydration in the Colorado Plateau, USA, from xenolith petrology and monazite geochronology L.A. Butcher1,2, K.H. Mahan1, and J.M. Allaz1 1DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO–BOULDER, 2200 COLORADO AVENUE, BOULDER, COLORADO 80309, USA 2U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, 345 MIDDLEFIELD ROAD, MENLO PARK, CALIFORNIA 94025, USA ABSTRACT Formation and subsequent modification processes of lower crust play important roles in evolution and rheological models for continental lithosphere. In the last two decades, numerous xenolith studies have documented metasomatism of continental mantle in the Rocky Moun- tain region of North America. However, much less attention has been paid to whether and to what extent these processes may have affected the crust. We address the nature and timing of hydrous alteration of extant deep Proterozoic crust in the Colorado Plateau through a petro- logical and geochronological study of a xenolith from the Red Mesa diatreme in the 30–20 Ma Navajo volcanic field. Fluid-related alteration is widespread in sample RM-21, with the main features recorded by breakdown effects in feldspar, garnet, and allanite, and the production of secondary assemblages characterized by lower Ca plagioclase (or albite) + muscovite + biotite + calcite + monazite ± zoisite at estimated conditions of 0.8–0.7 GPa (or ~27 km depth) and 480 °C. Th-Pb dating by ion probe reveals a period of monazite crystallization at 70–65 Ma, interpreted to reflect late alteration of the high-temperature metamorphic assemblage with hydrous fluid introduced by the shallowly sub- ducting Farallon slab. Similar to previous suggestions involving mantle hydration, the growth of low-density hydrous phases at the expense of high-density, anhydrous minerals, which are abundant in unaltered Proterozoic crust, if sufficiently widespread, could have contributed to elevated topography in the Colorado Plateau and regionally across the Rocky Mountains and High Plains. -
Chaco Landscapes: Data, Theory and Management
Chaco Landscapes: Data, Theory and Management Ruth Van Dyke, Stephen Lekson, and Carrie Heitman with a contribution by Julian Thomas January 11, 2016 FINAL DRAFT February 25, 2016 Draft report submitted as partial fulfillment of CESU Master Agreement P14AC00979, Project Number: UCOB-109 to Chaco Culture National Historical Park, New Mexico by the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 1 CONTENTS User’s Guide THE CHACO LANDSCAPE I. Introduction: Chaco in Time & Space II. Management History III. Landscape: Theoretical Background IV. Defining the Chaco Landscape: Part I – Materials V. Anthropological Research Issues on the Chacoan Landscape A. Chaco’s Boundaries in Time and Space B. Sociopolitical Organization/Complexity C. Exchange & Interaction D. Indigenous Relationships to the Chacoan Landscape E. Dwellings in Places VI. Defining the Chacoan Landscape: Part II – Experiences A. Viewsheds B. Day and Night Skies C. Soundscapes D. Oral Histories VII. Management Considerations APPENDICES Appendix I: Landscape in Canyon-Outlier Models Appendix II: Management Considerations Appendix III: Landscape: Theoretical Background A. Settlement Pattern Studies and GIS B. Cultural Landscapes C. Phenomenology Appendix IV: Defining the Chacoan Landscape A. An Outlier List and Map Example B. Examples of Outlier Diversity C. Roads D. Shrines and Related Features Appendix V: Chaco Landscapes - Some Suggestions from the Old World, by Julian Thomas Appendix VI: Defining the Chacoan Landscape: Part II – Experiences A. Viewsheds B. Day and Night Skies C. Soundscapes REFERENCES 2 User’s Guide This paper, informally termed the “White Paper,” presents current anthropological theory, methods, and research on Chacoan landscapes at several scales. The paper consists of 17 pages of text which summarize anthropological and management issues, supported by 45 pages of Appendices and a list of References cited. -
Geochemical Study of Xenoliths from the Navajo
- - - - - - • Geochemical study of xenoliths from the Navajo Volcanic Field; - Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah - .. -.. -.. ..- - by • Patrick D. Mattie - .. - -- • - A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Master of Science in Geochemistry - November, 1996 .. - .. New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology .. - Socorro, New Mexico, USA - - - Abstract - The Navajo Volcanic Field offers a unique area to study mafic xenoliths due to an - abundance of dikes and diatremes with associated crustal xenoliths. Mafic xenoliths in - kimberlite pipes and minette diatremes in the Navajo Volcanic Field are of four - lithologic types, in order of decreasing abundance: garnet granulite, amphibolite, - pyroxene granulite, and gabbro. Mafic xenoliths from 3 kimberlites and 3 minettes - define eight geochemical groups, of which Groups I and III occur only in Moses Rock dike - (gabbros) and Red Mesa pipe (amphibolites), respectively. With these two exceptions, - there is no correlation of chemical groups with xenolith or host-rock lithology, - geographic location, or degree of xenolith alteration or metamorphism. - - Group I (n=8) with high Mg numbers (0.7-0.8) and high CaO/Ti02(20-60) and low - Ti02 «0.5wt%), shows only slight chondrite-normalized LREE enrichment, and a strong subduction zone component (SZC) (depletion in Nb and Ta relative to neighboring - incompatible elements) and positive Sr, Ba, Eu, and K (SBEK) anomalies on primitive - mantle normalized spidergrams. Group II (n=5) with intermediate CaO/Ti02 (10-20) and Ti02 (0.5-0.9 wt%) has flat to LREE depleted patterns, a SZC and SBEK anomalies. - Group III (n=3) with very high CaO/Ti02 (40-60) and low Ti02 « 0.5 wt%) has nearly flat REE patterns, a very prominent SZC and large SBEK anomalies. -
The Navajo Country
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 380 THE NAVAJO COUNTRY DGRAPHIC AND HYDROGRAPHIC RECONNAISSANCE OF ! PARTS OF ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH BY HERBERT E. GREGORY WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Water-Supply Paper 380 THE NAVAJO COUNTRY - A GEOGRAPHIC AND HYDROGRAPHIC RECONNAISSANCE OF PARTS OF ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, AND UTAH BY HERBERT E. GREGORY Water Resources Branch, Geological Stuvey, Box 31 06, Capitol Station Oklahoma Ciiy, Okk WASHINGTON .GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 ADDITIONAL COPIES OP THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED PBOM THE SUPERINTENDENT OP DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT FEINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON, *D. C. AT 80 CENTS PER COPY . CONTENTS. INTBODTJCTTON_____ - ' 9 A personal word '- 9 History and scope of investigation_ 9 ^Acknowledgments . - j. 10 Suggestions to travelers ___ . i IT PART I. Geography___^__ ____ 13 Location and extent of the reservations _ 13 Note on the map ___ _ _ 14 Historical sketch _______ i 15 Topographic outline _ 21 Geographic provinces I <. 22 Basis of subdivision. __i _ 22 Button Plateau i. _ 23 Chaco Plateau__________ _ - _____ 24 Chuska Valley ___________ 24 Manuelito Plateau 26 Chuska Mountains_________ ____ _ 27 Nomenclature - _ 27 Eastern edge ____ _ 1_ 28 Western edge___"________ ________ __ 26 The mountain top _ ____ 29 Carrizo Mountain__________ __________ 30 Gothic Mesas____________ _________ 31 San Juan Valley________ 31 Black Creek Valley___________________________ 32 Defiance Plateau.___________ _______ 34 Chinle and Pueblo Colorado valleys ___________ 36 Hopi Buttes______________ _ __________ 37 Tusayan Washes _ __ 38 Moenkopi Plateau _ 39 Black Mesa___ __ ____ ____ 40 Kaibito Plateau ____________ _____________ 41 Painted Desert _ _ 42 Shato Plateau ______________________________ 43 Rainbow Plateau__________ ______________ 44 Navajo Mountain __ . -
Cenozoic Geology of The
Cenozoic Geology of the By CHARLES B. HUNT UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1956 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Douglas McKay, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director ' For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 75 cents (paper cover) Page Page Abstract. __________________________________________ 1 Cenozoic deposits Continued Tn troduction_______________________________________ 1. Upper Tertiary deposits (Miocene and Pliocene) Con. Purpose of report and acknowledgments____-________ 1 Deposits around the edges of the Colorado Plateau General geographic setting of the Colorado Plateau.__ 2 Continued Pre-Cambrian basement rocks._______________________ 11 San Juan Mountains.___-_--_----_-_-----___-_ 31 Summary of Paleozoic and Mesozoic stratigraphy._____ 11 Rio Grande Valley____________________________ 32 Cenozoic deposits.__________________________________ 15 Grand Wash trough_____________________._____ 33 Lower Tertiary deposits (Paleocene and Eocene)______ 15 Quaternary deposits____ ~__________________________ 35 Uinta Basin and High PJateaus___________________ 17 Pre-Wisconsin deposits. _________________________ 35 Nor tli Horn formation _________________________ 17 Wisconsin deposits._____________________________ 38 Flagstaff limestone and Wasatch formation in High Recent deposits._._____________________________ 38 Plateaus.__________________________________ ' 18 Cenozoic igneous rocks________.._____-_-_--__________ 39 Tuscher, -
Deformation of Host Rocks and Flow of Magma During Growth of Minette Dikes and Breccia-Bearing Intrusions Near Ship Rock, New Mexico
Deformation of Host Rocks and Flow of Magma during Growth of Minette Dikes and Breccia-bearing Intrusions near Ship Rock, New Mexico GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1202 Deformation of Host Rocks and Flow of Magma during Growth of Minette Dikes and Breccia-bearing Intrusions near Ship Rock, New Mexico By PAUL T. DELANEY and DAVID D. POLLARD GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1202 A description of the northeastern dike based on mechanical analyses of fracturing of host rock, flow of magma, and transport of heat UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1981 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR JAMES G. WATT, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Delaneyv Paul T. Deformation of host rocks and flow of magma during growth of minette dikes and breccia-bearing intrusions near Ship Rock/ New Mexico. (Geological Survey professional paper ; 1202) Bibliography: p. 59-61 Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.16:1202 1. Dikes (Geology) New Mexico Ship Rock. 2. Intrusions (Geology) New Mexico Ship Rock. I. Pollard/ David D. II. Title. III. Series: United States. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1202. QE611.5.U6D44 551.8'8 81-6769 AACR2 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract .... ..................... ... ................... ........ ............. ............................. i Dike dilation and propagation Continued Introduction ................ ............. .. ............. .............. 1 Propagation of northeastern dike.... 36 Geometric features of dikes and plugs ........ ........ ...... 3 Magma flow and heat loss during dike emplacement.... 38 Acknowledgments ...... .... .............. ......... ......... 3 Equations for magma and heat flow ... 38 Geological and physical setting 3 Flow in tabular and circular conduits ...