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Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, and U-Pb Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Mesoproterozoic Husky Creek Formation, Coppermine River Group, Nunavut, Canada

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Sedimentology, Stratigraphy, and U-Pb Detrital Zircon Geochronology of the Mesoproterozoic Husky Creek Formation, Coppermine River Group, Nunavut, Canada Sedimentology, stratigraphy, and U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology of the Mesoproterozoic Husky Creek Formation, Coppermine River Group, Nunavut, Canada. By Robert David Meek A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Geology The Faculty of Graduate Studies Laurentian University Sudbury, Ontario, Canada ©Robert Meek, 2020 THESIS DEFENCE COMMITTEE/COMITÉ DE SOUTENANCE DE THÈSE Laurentian Université/Université Laurentienne Faculty of Graduate Studies/Faculté des études supérieures Title of Thesis Titre de la thèse Sedimentology, stratigraphy, and U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology of the Mesoproterozoic Husky Creek Formation, Coppermine River Group, Nunavut, Canada. Name of Candidate Nom du candidat Meek, Robert Degree Diplôme Master of Science Department/Program Date of Defence Département/Programme Geology Date de la soutenance January 08, 2019 APPROVED/APPROUVÉ Thesis Examiners/Examinateurs de thèse: Dr. Alessandro Ielpi (Supervisor/Directeur de thèse) Dr. Robert H. Rainbird (Co-Supervisor/Co-directeur de thèse) Dr. William J. Davis (Co-Supervisor/Co-directeur de thèse) Approved for the Faculty of Graduate Studies Approuvé pour la Faculté des études supérieures Dr. David Lesbarrères Monsieur David Lesbarrères Dr. Janok Bhattacharya Dean, Faculty of Graduate Studies (External Examiner/Examinateur externe) Doyen, Faculté des études supérieures ACCESSIBILITY CLAUSE AND PERMISSION TO USE I, Robert Meek, hereby grant to Laurentian University and/or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or for the duration of my copyright ownership. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also reserve the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professor or professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department in which my thesis work was done. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that this copy is being made available in this form by the authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced except as permitted by the copyright laws without written authority from the copyright owner. ii Abstract The Husky Creek Formation (part of the Coppermine River Group, western Nunavut, Canada) is a <1.23-billion-year-old siliciclastic sedimentary unit that represents the uppermost portion of the Sequence A stratigraphic subdivision – a package of Proterozoic volcanic and sedimentary rocks correlative across the Canadian Arctic. Sedimentologic indicators suggest a continental, temperate to arid depositional environment for the Husky Creek Formation, which included fluvial channel belts and floodplains subject to local aeolian winnowing. U-Pb detrital- zircon geochronology resolved derivation from rocks related to the Mackenzie Igneous Event, or recycling from older sediments such as the Hornby Bay Group. The Husky Creek Formation was deposited in the waning stages of the Mackenzie Igneous Event, in a restricted basin that was carved atop an extensive mafic volcanic plateau. A dominantly west-northwestward palaeoflow suggests that sediment transport from the core of the Laurentian craton was not significantly disrupted by crustal doming related to large-igneous-province emplacement. Keywords Mesoproterozoic, Coppermine River Group, Sequence A, Mackenzie Igneous Event, U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology. iii Co-Authorship Statement Multiple collaborators, listed as co-authors, contributed to the work presented in this manuscript. Scientific guidance, supervision, financial support, sample collection, and assistance with laboratory analysis was provided by these co-authors. Dr. Alessandro Ielpi supervised this MSc project. Chapter 2 is co-authored with Dr. Alessandro Ielpi (Laurentian University) and Dr. Rob Rainbird (Geological Survey of Canada). Fieldwork and sample collection were completed by the candidate under the supervision of both co-authors. The manuscript was completed by the candidate with guidance from Dr. Ielpi and Dr. Rainbird. Chapter 3 is co-authored by Dr. Alessandro Ielpi (Laurentian University), Dr. Rob Rainbird (Geological Survey of Canada), and Dr. William Davis (Geological Survey of Canada). Fieldwork and sample collection was completed by the candidate under the supervision of Dr. Ielpi and Dr. Rainbird. Sample preparation (crushing, milling, heavy mineral separation, Franz magnetic separation, and puck mounting) was conducted in Dr. Davis’ laboratory. Analytical techniques (backscatter electron imaging, cathode luminescence, and sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe analysis) were executed in Dr. Davis’ laboratory with the assistance of the candidate. Dr. Davis also contributed to writing a subsection of the “methods”. The first draft was written by the candidate with scientific guidance from all three co-authors. All three co- authors edited subsequent drafts of the manuscript and provided scientific input. iv Acknowledgements I would like to first and foremost thank Dr. Alessandro Ielpi for providing me with the opportunity to work on such a fantastic project. Your expertise, guidance, friendship, and patience throughout this project has made my M.Sc. experience a truly excellent one. Thank you to my co-supervisor, Dr. Rob Rainbird, for your encouragement, helpful suggestions, and insightful comments. Thank you to co-author Dr. William Davis for your geochronology expertise and edits. Thank you to Tom Pestaj and Nicole Rayner from the Geological Survey of Canada for assistance during analytical work on the SHRIMP. Thank you to all the faculty and staff at the Harquail School of Earth Sciences. Thank you to Willard Desjardin and Elliot Wehrle for help with sample preparation. Thank you to everyone on the 2017 Coppermine expedition, especially the river guides: Jessica Harris, Chris Harris, Dylan Rollo and John McAlpine, for keeping my samples and myself afloat. I would also like to thank my fellow graduate students, including lab mates: Natasha Cyples, Lorraine Lebeau, Mollie Patzke, and Sophie Michel, for their friendship, support, and advice. Thank you to a colleague and great friend Keaton Strongman for great times and endless geology discussions. Last but certainly not least, I would like to thank my parents, David and Dorina Meek, for their continual support and encouragement. v Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................ iii Co-Authorship Statement ............................................................................................................................. iv Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. viii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................................. ix List of Appendices ........................................................................................................................................ x Chapter 1 ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction to the thesis ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Statement of purpose ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Goals and research questions ......................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Structure of thesis ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Statement of responsibilities ........................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Statement of original contributions ................................................................................................. 4 1.6 References ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of the Mesoproterozoic Husky Creek Formation, Lower Coppermine River region, Nunavut ............................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................
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