DOCSLIB.ORG

Ethnic Identity and Diet in the Central Illinois River Valley

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ethnic Identity and Diet in the Central Illinois River Valley ETHNIC IDENTITY AND DIET IN THE CENTRAL ILLINOIS RIVER VALLEY By Ryan Maureen Tubbs A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Anthropology – Doctor of Philosophy 2013 ABSTRACT ETHNIC IDENTITY AND DIET IN THE CENTRAL ILLINOIS RIVER VALLEY By Ryan Maureen Tubbs This dissertation investigates how ethnic identity is formed and manipulated following a migration. To reach this end, food choice is examined as a deliberate cultural symbol used to negotiate ethnic identity. This research utilizes a case study which explores food choice following the pre-Columbian migration of an Oneota group into west-central Illinois. Following a migration, social identity is often renegotiated and a new ethnic identity may be formed. Diet serves as an effective vehicle for manipulating individual and group identity; therefore, examining changes in food choice following a migration presents information regarding migrant population’s physical and cultural interactions with their new environment (Fishkin 2005). The migration of Oneota people to west-central Illinois (ca. A.D. 1300) presents a unique opportunity to assess Oneota subsistence, and by proxy ethnic identity, in an area that is optimal for maize agriculture (Conrad and Esarey n.d..; King 1993; Santure et al. 1990). Archaeological investigations have revealed evidence for conflict, cohabitation, and cooperation between the migrant Oneota group and local, maize-reliant Middle Mississippian people. This project seeks to reveal if and how the Oneota altered their traditionally diverse diet to manipulate their ethnic identity as they interacted with their new neighbors. Two broad research questions were generated which focused on diet: was the Oneota diet in the central Illinois River valley different from the Middle Mississippian diet in the area, and did ethnic identity, among social categories, have the strongest impact on the west-central Oneota diet? To explore these questions, Morton Village (IAS 11F1), a Bold Counselor Oneota habitation site, and the associated mortuary site, Norris Farms 36, were chosen as the Oneota sample. Orendorf (IAS 11F107), a nearby Mississippian habitation and mortuary site, was chosen to represent local Middle Mississippians. Analysis of stable isotopes from seventy-five human bone samples from each of these two sites allowed for the comparison of consumed diet 13 15 at Morton Village and Orendorf. The δ C and δ N values of the samples were examined as part of an intersite analysis and the isotope values from Norris Farms 36 remains were further explored as part of an intrasite analysis. The intersite analysis demonstrated differences between diets at the two sites, with 13 15 significantly lower δ C values and generally higher δ N values at Norris Farms 36. This indicates that there were deliberate differences in food choice between the two sites which may have been used by the inhabitants at Morton Village to signal their ethnic identity to local populations. The intrasite analysis revealed a relatively large amount of variation. The lack of homogeneity at Norris Farms 36, even within groups based on sex and age, indicates that there was not a homogenous ethnic identity at Morton Village that was prioritized over other available social identities. In addition to shedding light on Oneota subsistence, this study demonstrates how the investigation of diet can reveal valuable information about ethnic identity and social interactions. In light of the evidence for positive and negative interactions in the area, the results of this study suggest that the inhabitants at Morton Village used food choice in a deliberate manner, likely using diet to invoke specific identities on a situational basis. Copyright By RYAN MAUREEN TUBBS 2013 To My Family- those given to me by blood or by fortune v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the help and cooperation of many people and organizations. I would like to thank the Illinois State Museum for granting me access to the Norris Farms 36 and Morton Village collections. I also would like to thank Dr. George Milner for hosting me at Penn State while I worked with the Norris Farms 36 collection and Dr. Michael Wiant for hosting me at Dickson Mounds Museum while I worked with the Morton Village collection. I would also like to thank the Upper Mississippi Valley Archaeological Research Foundation and Dr. Larry Conrad for granting me access to the Orendorf collection. I’d like to thank Dr. Dawnie Steadman for hosting me at Binghamton University while I worked with the Orendorf collection. Dr. Dawnie Steadman was also incredibly helpful and patient as she listened to my ideas and encouraged me during the early stages of developing this project. I was able to travel to collect my samples through the support of the Food, Nutrition, and Chronic Disease Research Fellowship awarded by the Graduate School at Michigan State University. I also received financial support for trips to Morton Village from the Michigan State University’s Department of Radiology. My graduate school classes were funded in part by the Jacob K. Javits Fellowship from the United States Department of Education. I would like to thank all the members of my doctoral committee, Dr. Jodie O’Gorman, Dr. Norman Sauer, Dr. Lynne Goldstein, Dr. Todd Fenton, Dr. Mark Schurr, and Dr. James Rechtien. This dissertation could not have been completed without the help and support of the entire committee. Some members went above and beyond and for that I am truly grateful. vi Dr. Jodie O’Gorman was incredibly helpful throughout the process and I cannot thank her enough. Early on, she forced me to articulate my research interests and then sent me on a road trip to sites and museums to discover how I could develop my research interests into a viable project – quite possibly the most important step in this entire process. She was supportive and patient through the many years I spent on this project and I hope that I have many opportunities to work with her in the future. Dr. Norm Sauer was very supportive throughout graduate school and I appreciate all of his help. Dr. Todd Fenton was a good cheerleader and Dr. James Rechtien was very helpful as an outside reader. Dr. Lynne Goldstein was an incredible help in navigating both graduate school and academia as a whole. I have learned a great deal about mortuary analysis and the field of Anthropology from working with Dr. Goldstein and highly value her advice. Dr. Mark Schurr, from the University of Notre Dame, was an invaluable resource. He put an incredible amount of work into helping me develop my understanding of stable isotope analysis. I am extremely grateful for his time and patience. I would also like to thank Dr. Schurr for allowing me to process my samples in his lab and his student assistants for their help with the demineralization process. Additionally, I’d like to thank the University of Notre Dame’s Center for Environmental Science and Technology for assisting me with the isotope ratio mass spectrometer and for being all around great hosts. I would like to thank Michigan State University’s College of Human Medicine and Department of Radiology for keeping my family fed for the last seven years. I have truly enjoyed the opportunity to teach anatomy and appreciate the support of my colleagues while I have worked to finish my Ph.D. vii I am also grateful for the support and friendship of Drs. Mary Megyesi, Lindsey Jenny, Michael Koot, Wendy Lackey-Cornelison, and Jered Cornelison. Upon my graduation, we have officially all made it! Thank you for your advice, commiseration, and encouragement. I am proud to call you all my colleagues. In addition to my physical anthropology cohort, I’d like to thank all of the friends I made during graduate school. I feel very blessed that this list is too long to include here but please know that it was our get-togethers that kept me sane and I appreciate all of the many laughs we’ve shared. Likewise, I am blessed with the best friends and family any one could ask for. Thank you all for everything you have done for me along the way, whether it has been to forgive me for my lack of time or to force me to take a needed break. A special thank you to my dear friend Mark Roosien who has read my entire dissertation – and parts of it more than once! I would like to thank my awesome parents, Barbara and Derek Tubbs, for encouraging me to pursue my dreams. My parents, along with my amazing sisters Regan and Rory, assisted me in so many ways throughout this process but I am particularly grateful for their emotional support. My parents and Regan also deserve special recognition for their help with Dean – it truly takes a village to raise a child, particularly while writing a dissertation – as do the amazing Brenda Fischer, Bruce Fischer, Hanah VanderMeulen, Matt VanderMeulen, Erin Nowack, Elizabeth Sanders, Mike Sanders, Christy Crossman and Cory McDaniel, all of whom gave up their precious time more than once to play with Dean. My son, Dean Michael Fischer, has brought happiness and excitement to my life since the day he was born. It is impossible to be cranky or stressed around Dean’s energetic enthusiasm and I am more thankful than I can express for the light that is Dean. I wish for him the kind of viii love and support I have received so that when he’s a “grown up” he can pursue his dreams the way I have been able to. Finally, I would like to express how fortunate I am to have the love and support of Nate Fischer (a.k.a.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 2016 Athens, Georgia
    SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 ATHENS, GEORGIA BULLETIN 59 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Meeting Organizer: Edited by: Hosted by: Cover: © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN……………………………………………………...……………………..…... PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………………….…..……. LIST OF DONORS……………………………………………………………………………………………….…..……. SPECIAL THANKS………………………………………………………………………………………….….....……….. SEAC AT A GLANCE……………………………………………………………………………………….……….....…. GENERAL INFORMATION & SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE…………………….……………………..…………... PROGRAM WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 26…………………………………………………………………………..……. THURSDAY, OCTOBER 27……………………………………………………………………………...…...13 FRIDAY, OCTOBER 28TH……………………………………………………………….……………....…..21 SATURDAY, OCTOBER 29TH…………………………………………………………….…………....…...28 STUDENT PAPER COMPETITION ENTRIES…………………………………………………………………..………. ABSTRACTS OF SYMPOSIA AND PANELS……………………………………………………………..…………….. ABSTRACTS OF WORKSHOPS…………………………………………………………………………...…………….. ABSTRACTS OF SEAC STUDENT AFFAIRS LUNCHEON……………………………………………..…..……….. SEAC LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDS FOR 2016…………………….……………….…….…………………. Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 ConferenceRooms CLASSIC CENTERFLOOR PLAN 6 73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia EVENT LOCATIONS Baldwin Hall Baldwin Hall 7 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin
    [Show full text]
  • Program of the 75Th Anniversary Meeting
    PROGRAM OF THE 75 TH ANNIVERSARY MEETING April 14−April 18, 2010 St. Louis, Missouri THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Society for American Archaeology provides a forum for the dissemination of knowledge and discussion. The views expressed at the sessions are solely those of the speakers and the Society does not endorse, approve, or censor them. Descriptions of events and titles are those of the organizers, not the Society. Program of the 75th Anniversary Meeting Published by the Society for American Archaeology 900 Second Street NE, Suite 12 Washington DC 20002-3560 USA Tel: +1 202/789-8200 Fax: +1 202/789-0284 Email: [email protected] WWW: http://www.saa.org Copyright © 2010 Society for American Archaeology. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publisher. Program of the 75th Anniversary Meeting 3 Contents 4............... Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting Agenda 5……….….2010 Award Recipients 10.................Maps of the America’s Center 12 ................Maps of Renaissance Grand St. Louis 14 ................Meeting Organizers, SAA Board of Directors, & SAA Staff 15 .............. General Information 18. ............. Featured Sessions 20 .............. Summary Schedule 25 .............. A Word about the Sessions 27............... Program 161................SAA Awards, Scholarships, & Fellowships 167............... Presidents of SAA . 168............... Annual Meeting Sites 169............... Exhibit Map 170................Exhibitor Directory 180................SAA Committees and Task Forces 184………….Index of participants 4 Program of the 75th Anniversary Meeting Awards Presentation & Annual Business Meeting America’s Center APRIL 16, 2010 5 PM Call to Order Call for Approval of Minutes of the 2009 Annual Business Meeting Remarks President Margaret W.
    [Show full text]
  • The Future of the Past: Science in Archaeology Illinois Antiquity Vol
    The Future of the Past: Science in Archaeology Illinois Antiquity Vol. 50, No. 3 September 2015 REFERENCES AND SUGGESTED READINGS ARCHAEOLOGY AND ECOLOGY: BRIDGING THE SCIENCES THROUGH INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH By Carol E. Colaninno LiDAR ILLUMINATED By Michael Farkas IDENTIFYING BLACK DRINK CEREMONIALISM AT CAHOKIA: CHEMICAL RESIDUE ANALYSIS By Thomas E. Emerson and Timothy R. Pauketat SOURCING NATIVE AMERICAN CERAMICS FROM WESTERN ILLINOIS By Julie Zimmermann Holt, Andrew J. Upton, and Steven A. Hanlin Conrad, Lawrence A. 1989 The Southeastern Ceremonial Complex on the Northern Middle Mississippian Frontier: Late Prehistoric Politico-religious Systems in the Central Illinois River Valley. In The Southeastern Ceremonial Complex: Artifacts and Analysis, edited by P. Galloway, pp. 93-113. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. 1991 The Middle Mississippian Cultures of the Central Illinois Valley. In Cahokia and the Hinterlands: Middle Mississippian Cultures of the Midwest, edited by T. E. Emerson and R. B. Lewis, pp. 119-156. University of Illinois Press, Urbana. Dye, David H. 2004 Art, Ritual, and Chiefly Warfare in the Mississippian World. In Hero, Hawk, and Open Hand: American Indian Art of the Ancient Midwest and South, edited by R. F. Townsend, pp. 191-205. The Art Institute, Chicago. Fie, Shannon M. 2006 Visiting in the Interaction Sphere: Ceramic Exchange and Interaction in the Lower Illinois Valley. In Recreating Hopewell, edited by D. K. Charles and J. E. Buikstra, pp. 427-45. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. 2008 Middle Woodland Ceramic Exchange in the Lower Illinois Valley. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 33:5-40. Fowles, Severin M., Leah Minc, Samuel Duwe and David V.
    [Show full text]
  • The Impact of Chronic Violence in the Mississippian Period Central Illinois
    CHAPTER 43 ....................................... .......................................................... LIVING WITH WAR: THE IMPACT OF CHRONIC VIOLENCE IN THE MISSISSIPPIAN-PERI 0 D CENTRAL ILLINOIS RIVER VALLEY GREGORY D. WILSON THE Central Illinois River Valley (CIRV) of west-central Illinois has a complex Jistory of migration and culture contact that was strongly affected by violence (Conrad 1991; Esarey and Conrad 1998; Milner et al. 1991; Steadman 2001). Located on the northern periphery of the Mississippian cultural area, the CIRV has the totential to transform our understanding of the impact and outcomes of inter­ group violence in middle-range societies (Figures 43.1 and 43.2). In this chapter, I argue that changing patterns of violence substantially altered the lives of those who lived in this region. To make my case I discuss archaeological patterns of violence from four different periods of the late Prehistoric era: the terminal late Woodland period (AD 700 to noo), the early Mississippian period (AD noo to 1250), the middle Mississippian Period (AD 1250 to 1300 ), and the late Mississippian period (AD 1300 to 1440). MIDSOUTH AND SOUTHEAST I' Figure 43.1 Locations of regions discussed in text: CIRV, Central Illinois River Valley; LIRV, Lower Illinois River Valley; AB, American Bottom. LATE WOODLAND PERIOD The Late Woodland period was an era of intensifying hostilities across much of eastern North America (Cobb and Garrow 1996; Little 1999; Milner 2007). Inter­ group conflict ensued from adoption of a more sedentary way of life based on plant cultivation, associated population increases, and use of new military and huntiJ11 technologies such as the bow and arrow (Blitz 1988; Milner 1999:122, 2007).
    [Show full text]
  • Discover Illinois Archaeology
    Discover Illinois Archaeology ILLINOIS ASSOCIATION FOR ADVANCEMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY ILLINOIS ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY Discover Illinois Archaeology Illinois’ rich cultural heritage began more collaborative effort by 18 archaeologists from than 12,000 years ago with the arrival of the across the state, with a major contribution by ancestors of today’s Native Americans. We learn Design Editor Kelvin Sampson. Along with sum- about them through investigations of the remains maries of each cultural period and highlights of they left behind, which range from monumental regional archaeological research, we include a earthworks with large river-valley settlements to short list of internet and print resources. A more a fragment of an ancient stone tool. After the extensive reading list can be found at the Illinois arrival of European explorers in the late 1600s, a Association for Advancement of Archaeology succession of diverse settlers added to our cul- web site www.museum.state.il.us/iaaa/DIA.pdf. tural heritage, leading to our modern urban com- We hope that by reading this summary of munities and the landscape we see today. Ar- Illinois archaeology, visiting a nearby archaeo- chaeological studies allow us to reconstruct past logical site or museum exhibit, and participating environments and ways of life, study the rela- in Illinois Archaeology Awareness Month pro- tionship between people of various cultures, and grams each September, you will become actively investigate how and why cultures rise and fall. engaged in Illinois’ diverse past and DISCOVER DISCOVER ILLINOIS ARCHAEOLOGY, ILLINOIS ARCHAEOLOGY. summarizing Illinois culture history, is truly a Alice Berkson Michael D. Wiant IIILLINOIS AAASSOCIATION FOR CONTENTS AAADVANCEMENT OF INTRODUCTION.
    [Show full text]
  • The Archaeology of the Cahokia Mounds ICT-II: Site Structure
    The Archaeology of the Cahokia Mounds ICT-II: Site Structure James M. Collins fU Mound 72 Illinois Cultural Resources Study No. 10 Illinois Historic Preservation Agency JLUNOIS HISTORICAL SURVEY The Archaeology of the Cahokia Mounds ICT-II: Site Structure James M. Collins 1990 Illinois Cultural Resources Study No. 10 Illinois Historic Preservation Agency Springfield THE CULTURAL RESOURCES STUDY SERIES The Cultural Resources Study Series was designed by the Illinois State Historic Preservation Office and Illinois Historic Preservation Agency to provide for the rapid dissemination of information to the professional community on archaeological investigations and resource management. To facilitate this process the studies are reproduced as received. Cultural Resources Study No. 10 reports on the features and structural remains excavated at the Cahokia Mounds Interpretive Center Tract-II. The author provides detailed descriptions and interpretations of household and community patterns and their relationship to the evolution of Cahokia 's political organization. This repwrt is a revised version of a draft previously submitted to the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. The project was funded by the Illinois Department of Conservation and, subsequently, by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. William 1. Woods served as Principal Investigator. The work reported here was financed in part with federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior and administered by the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of the Interior or the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. Funds for preparation of this report were provided by a grant from The University of Iowa, Office of the Vice President for Research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Social Costs of War: Investigating the Relationship Between Warfare And
    The Social Costs of War: Investigating the Relationship between Warfare and Intragroup Violence during the Mississippian Period of the Central Illinois Valley by Mallorie Ann Hatch A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved July 2015 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Jane Buikstra, Chair Katherine Spielmann Christopher Carr George Milner ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY August 2015 ABSTRACT War exacts a great social cost, not only upon its direct participants, but also upon the lives of the friends, family, and community of those who experience it. This cost is particularly evident in the increased frequencies of aggressive behaviors, including homicide, assault, and domestic violence, enacted by Western military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Similarly, among contemporary non-Westernized peoples, a cross-cultural conducted by Ember and Ember (1994) found a relationship between war and various forms of intragroup violence, including domestic violence, assaults, homicides, and violent sports. It is unknown, however, if this positive association between warfare and intragroup violence extends longitudinally for prehistoric populations uninfluenced by modern states. To test Ember and Ember’s (1994) results in an archaeological culture, this study examines whether or not an association between war and intragroup violence was present during the Mississippian Period (ca. AD 1000-1450) of the Central Illinois Valley (CIV). The Mississippian Period of the CIV represents an ideal context for examining war and violence questions, as considerable evidence of war and violence has been amassed from archaeological and bioarchaeological analyses. High rates of skeletal trauma, fortification construction, and the placement of habitations sites in defendable areas indicate war was of particular concern during this period.
    [Show full text]
  • Commemorating OVER 40YEARS in CULTURAL RESOURCE
    MEMORABLE EMERSON MILESTONES: Commemorating OVER 40 YEARS IN CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT “Do not confuse effort, progress, or methodolgy with a final product.” –Thomas E. Emerson 1973–1974 ORENDOrf SITE FIELD DIRECTOR Thomas E. Emerson Cultural Resource Management Milestones University of Illinois Prairie Research Institute Illinois State Archaeological Survey* FAI 270 Director Site Director University of Illinois Illinois transportation archaeological Research Program Orendorf Site Director Field Director 1973–1974 1978 1978–1981 1984–1994 1994–2009 2008–2012 2010–Present 2013–Present Crow Creek Site The New Mississippi River Bridge Project* Field Director Principle Investigator Illinois Historic Preservation Agency Chief Archaeologist Illinois State Archaeologist* * = currently ongoing The Orendorf Site is a prehistoric archaeological site located near the city of orendorf site significance Canton, Fulton County, Illinois. Trade and migration linked the settlement to the large Mississippian city of Cahokia; while the settlement’s culture had much in common with Cahokian culture, it was also a distinct regional culture in its own right. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 13, 1977. 1978 Crow Creek Site FIELD DIRECTOR Illinois State Archaeologist* Crow Creek Site Significance Thomas Emerson (pictured right) at The Crow Creek site is located along the Missouri Crow Creek Site River in the South Dakota area. The site is now within the Crow Creek Indian Reservation. Crow Creek Site, the site of the massacre near Chamberlain, is an archaeological site and a U.S. National Historic Landmark. An excavation of part of the site was done in the 1950s, with additional excavations in 1978.
    [Show full text]
  • Duane E. Esarey
    March 2013 Duane E. Esarey CONTACT Illinois State Archaeological Survey, 216 Nuclear Physics Lab, 23 E. Stadium Drive, Champaign, IL 61820 Email [email protected] CURRENT AFFILIATIONS Assistant Director of Special Projects, Illinois State Archaeological Survey PROFESSIONAL HISTORY 2005 – 2012 PhD program UNC-CH Dept. of Anthropology. Various teaching, graduate fellowships, and & research assistantships with UNC Research Labs of Archaeology. 1994 – 2004 Assistant Curator of Anthropology, Illinois State Museum/Dickson Mounds Museum. 1983 – 1994 Collections Manager, Illinois State Museum/Dickson Mounds Museum. 1979 – 1983 Program Archaeologist, Archaeological Research Labs, Western Illinois University. 1977 – 1979 Crew member/crew chief positions on various excavations, Western Illinois University. EDUCATION 2013 PhD Anthropology, University of North Carolina. 1977 B.A. Sociology/Anthropology, Eastern Illinois University. PROFESSIONAL SERVICE Illinois Archaeological Survey (Board of Directors: 1995-1998). Illinois Association for the Advancement of Archaeology (Board of Directors: 1985-1997). Editor, Illinois Antiquity quarterly: 1991-1997 Invited member The Nature Conservancy’s Emiquon Science Advisory Council, 2001- 2005 AWARDS 2010 UNC-RLA Timothy P. Mooney Fellowship 2004 Dedicated Service Award: Illinois Association for Advancement of Archaeology PUBLICATIONS Monographs, book chapters, and refereed journal articles (sole author unless indicated) 2013 Another Kind of Beads: A Forgotten Industry of the American Colonial Period. PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill. D. Esarey c. vitae, March 2013 Page 2 of 7 2010 The Archaeology of North Carolina (design and production by Duane Esarey). On-line exhibit hosted by University of North Carolina, Research Laboratories of Archaeology. http://rla.unc.edu/ArchaeoNC/ 2007 Rethinking the Dawn of History: The Schedule, Signature, and Agency of European Goods in Protohistoric Illinois (Robert Mazrim and Duane Esarey).
    [Show full text]
  • Violence in the Midcontinent: a Comparative Analysis of Oneota Interactions with Mississippian and Central Plains Populations
    VIOLENCE IN THE MIDCONTINENT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ONEOTA INTERACTIONS WITH MISSISSIPPIAN AND CENTRAL PLAINS POPULATIONS by Eric Daniel Roger Nordstrom Submitted to the Faculty of The Archaeological Studies Program Department of Archaeology and Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science University of Wisconsin-La Crosse 2016 Copyright © 2016 by Eric D.R. Nordstrom All Rights Reserved ii VIOLENCE IN THE MIDCONTINENT: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ONEOTA INTERACTIONS WITH MISSISSIPPIAN AND CENTRAL PLAINS POPULATIONS Eric D.R. Nordstrom, B.A. University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, 2016 Oneota is a name given to groups of Native Americans with a shared material culture originating in the upper Midwest around AD 900. Within a few hundred years, objects representing Oneota culture extended from Indiana to Kansas and from Missouri to Canada. This expansion led Oneota peoples to come into contact with Mississippian groups in the Central Illinois River Valley, and up to a few centuries later, with Central Plains populations in Nebraska, an area with less evidence for prehistoric violence than in the Mississippi River valleys where the Oneota developed. This thesis examines direct and indirect evidence of prehistoric violence from archaeological sites in Illinois and Nebraska that show evidence of intergroup conflict and habitation by Oneota, Mississippian, or Central Plains populations, or some combination thereof. Differences in political systems as well as subsistence and settlement practices may have contributed to varying incidence of violence between cultural groups in these areas. iii I would first like to thank Dr. Heather Walder for her direction and encouragement throughout the process of researching and writing this thesis, and for her comments on how to make it better.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Publication 2008-2 G
    Geomagnetic Results , Secular Variation, and Archaeomagnetic Chronology I Oklahoma Geological Survey Special Publication 2008-2 G. RANDY KELLER, Interim Director ISSN 0275-0929 Geomagnetic Results, Secular Variation, and Archaeomagnetic Chronology, United States and Mesoamerica, including Archaeomagnetic Data and Time Assignments Robert L. Dubois, Emeritus1 School of Geology and Geophysics University of Oklahoma Norman I-the inclination of the magnetic field D-the declination of the magnetic field East I D X H Down F North F-the vector direction of the magnetic field Sponsored by: Oklahoma Geological Survey The University of Oklahoma Norman 2008 II Robert L. DuBois, Emeritus1 SPECIAL PUBLICATION SERIES The Oklahoma Geological Survey’s Special Publication series is designed to bring timely geologic information to the public quickly and economically. Review and editing of this material has been minimized in order to expedite publication, and author-prepared illus- trations have been used throughout. This publication, printed by the Oklahoma Geological Survey, is issued by the Oklahoma Geological Survey as authorized by Title 70, Oklahoma Statutes, 1981, Sections 231–238. 100 copies have been prepared for distribution at a cost of $1,751.00 to the taxpayers of the State of Okla homa. Copies have been deposited with the Publications Clearinghouse of the Oklahoma Department of Libraries. Geomagnetic Results , Secular Variation, and Archaeomagnetic Chronology III CONTENTS Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Procedures and Initial Laboratory Study 3 Geographic Location of Sample Sites 8 Archaeomagnetic Data Tables 8 Archaeomagnetic Results 8 The Southwest (United States) 9 Nonaxial Field, the Southwest 10 The Midcontinent 11 North America, Samples Older Than A.D.
    [Show full text]
  • SEAC Bulletin 59.Pdf
    73rd Annual Meeting, Athens, Georgia SOUTHEASTERN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 BULLETIN 59 2016 Southeastern Archaeological Conference Bulletin 59, 2016 2 BULLETIN 59 2016 PROCEEDINGS & ABSTRACTS OF THE 73RD ANNUAL MEETING OCTOBER 26-29, 2016 THE CLASSIC CENTER ATHENS, GEORGIA Organized, hosted, and edited by: The SEAC Athens 2016 Organizing Committee Cover: Map of Athens, 1874. Image courteously provided by the Athens Historical Society © Southeastern Archaeological Conference 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS THE CLASSIC CENTER FLOOR PLAN ························································································· 6 EVENT LOCATIONS ················································································································ 8 SEAC AT A GLANCE ··············································································································· 9 PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ····················································································· 10 LIST OF DONORS ··················································································································· 12 GENERAL INFORMATION ········································································································ 13 SPECIAL EVENTS SCHEDULE ··································································································· 14 PROGRAM Thursday, October 27th ································································································
    [Show full text]