The Main Belt Comets and Ice in the Solar System
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Liste-Exploitants-Aeronefs.Pdf
EN EN EN COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, XXX C(2009) XXX final COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No xxx/2009 of on the list of aircraft operators which performed an aviation activity listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC on or after 1 January 2006 specifying the administering Member State for each aircraft operator (Text with EEA relevance) EN EN COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No xxx/2009 of on the list of aircraft operators which performed an aviation activity listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC on or after 1 January 2006 specifying the administering Member State for each aircraft operator (Text with EEA relevance) THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC1, and in particular Article 18a(3)(a) thereof, Whereas: (1) Directive 2003/87/EC, as amended by Directive 2008/101/EC2, includes aviation activities within the scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Community (hereinafter the "Community scheme"). (2) In order to reduce the administrative burden on aircraft operators, Directive 2003/87/EC provides for one Member State to be responsible for each aircraft operator. Article 18a(1) and (2) of Directive 2003/87/EC contains the provisions governing the assignment of each aircraft operator to its administering Member State. The list of aircraft operators and their administering Member States (hereinafter "the list") should ensure that each operator knows which Member State it will be regulated by and that Member States are clear on which operators they should regulate. -
Trans-Neptunian Objects a Brief History, Dynamical Structure, and Characteristics of Its Inhabitants
Trans-Neptunian Objects A Brief history, Dynamical Structure, and Characteristics of its Inhabitants John Stansberry Space Telescope Science Institute IAC Winter School 2016 IAC Winter School 2016 -- Kuiper Belt Overview -- J. Stansberry 1 The Solar System beyond Neptune: History • 1930: Pluto discovered – Photographic survey for Planet X • Directed by Percival Lowell (Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona) • Efforts from 1905 – 1929 were fruitless • discovered by Clyde Tombaugh, Feb. 1930 (33 cm refractor) – Survey continued into 1943 • Kuiper, or Edgeworth-Kuiper, Belt? – 1950’s: Pluto represented (K.E.), or had scattered (G.K.) a primordial, population of small bodies – thus KBOs or EKBOs – J. Fernandez (1980, MNRAS 192) did pretty clearly predict something similar to the trans-Neptunian belt of objects – Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), trans-Neptunian region best? – See http://www2.ess.ucla.edu/~jewitt/kb/gerard.html IAC Winter School 2016 -- Kuiper Belt Overview -- J. Stansberry 2 The Solar System beyond Neptune: History • 1978: Pluto’s moon, Charon, discovered – Photographic astrometry survey • 61” (155 cm) reflector • James Christy (Naval Observatory, Flagstaff) – Technologically, discovery was possible decades earlier • Saturation of Pluto images masked the presence of Charon • 1988: Discovery of Pluto’s atmosphere – Stellar occultation • Kuiper airborne observatory (KAO: 90 cm) + 7 sites • Measured atmospheric refractivity vs. height • Spectroscopy suggested N2 would dominate P(z), T(z) • 1992: Pluto’s orbit explained • Outward migration by Neptune results in capture into 3:2 resonance • Pluto’s inclination implies Neptune migrated outward ~5 AU IAC Winter School 2016 -- Kuiper Belt Overview -- J. Stansberry 3 The Solar System beyond Neptune: History • 1992: Discovery of 2nd TNO • 1976 – 92: Multiple dedicated surveys for small (mV > 20) TNOs • Fall 1992: Jewitt and Luu discover 1992 QB1 – Orbit confirmed as ~circular, trans-Neptunian in 1993 • 1993 – 4: 5 more TNOs discovered • c. -
The Catalina Sky Survey
The Catalina Sky Survey Current Operaons and Future CapabiliKes Eric J. Christensen A. Boani, A. R. Gibbs, A. D. Grauer, R. E. Hill, J. A. Johnson, R. A. Kowalski, S. M. Larson, F. C. Shelly IAWN Steering CommiJee MeeKng. MPC, Boston, MA. Jan. 13-14 2014 Catalina Sky Survey • Supported by NASA NEOO Program • Based at the University of Arizona’s Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson, Arizona • Leader of the NEO discovery effort since 2004, responsible for ~65% of new discoveries (~46% of all NEO discoveries). Currently discovering NEOs at a rate of ~600/year. • 2 survey telescopes run by a staff of 8 (observers, socware developers, engineering support, PI) Current FaciliKes Mt. Bigelow, AZ Mt. Lemmon, AZ 0.7-m Schmidt 1.5-m reflector 8.2 sq. deg. FOV 1.2 sq. deg. FOV Vlim ~ 19.5 Vlim ~ 21.3 ~250 NEOs/year ~350 NEOs/year ReKred FaciliKes Siding Spring Observatory, Australia 0.5-m Uppsala Schmidt 4.2 sq. deg. FOV Vlim ~ 19.0 2004 – 2013 ~50 NEOs/year Was the only full-Kme NEO survey located in the Southern Hemisphere Notable discoveries include Great Comet McNaught (C/2006 P1), rediscovery of Apophis Upcoming FaciliKes Mt. Lemmon, AZ 1.0-m reflector 0.3 sq. deg. FOV 1.0 arcsec/pixel Operaonal 2014 – currently in commissioning Will be primarily used for confirmaon and follow-up of newly- discovered NEOs Will remove follow-up burden from CSS survey telescopes, increasing available survey Kme by 10-20% Increased FOV for both CSS survey telescopes 5.0 deg2 1.2 ~1,100/ G96 deg2 night 19.4 deg2 2 703 8.2 deg 2 ~4,300 deg per night New 10k x 10k cameras will increase the FOV of both survey telescopes by factors of 4x and 2.4x. -
Mission to Catch Comet ISON
Mission to Catch Comet ISON Andrew Cheng (JHU/APL; [email protected]) Steve Arnold (JHU/APL) Pietro Bernasconi (JHU/APL) Karl Hibbitts (JHU/APL) Eliot Young (SwRI) Tibor Kremic (GRC) Comet ISON . Comet ISON discovered September, 2012 An Oort Cloud comet believed to be making its first apparition . ISON perihelion in November, 2013 A sun-grazer which may not survive perihelion passage intact Observe the comet before perihelion . An important target of opportunity To study volatile-rich material from the epoch of planet formation To learn how comets work 26 May 2013 2 Oort Cloud Comets • Provide clues to the origins of the Solar System • Consist of pris8ne, icy material that was never heated in the inner solar system In late 2013, ISON may become the brightest Oort Cloud comet to appear in decades Comet Ikeya-Seki, sun-grazer of 1965 Comet McNaught in 2007 26 May 2013 3 Comet ISON Observability • Comet ISON is observable from the Northern Hemisphere, with solar elongaon >40°, from September 15, 2013 through Nov 12, 2013 • ISON becomes steadily brighter through this period • ISON may remain spectacularly bright aer December, 2013 Vitali Nevski and Artyom Novichonok, discoverers (space.com) 26 May 2013 4 Comet ISON Brightness . Observations are consistent with V~12 at time of BRRISON flight . Due to small solar elongation, additional observations BRRISON flight prior to flight are not expected CIOC web site, sungrazer.nrl.navy.mil 12 June 2013 BRRISON Project Review 3 5 What is BRRISON? . BRRISON = Balloon Rapid Response for the comet ISON Goal is to observe the comet ISON from a balloon platform Leverages the balloon study concepts Coordinate the science measurements with the greater scientific community, including ground and space observations 12 months from comet discovery to mission . -
Financial Supporters
FINANCIAL SUPPORTERS Care and Share Food Bank for Southern Colorado 2011-12 Financial Supporters 100% Chiropractic Lanny and Paul Adams Mr. and Mrs. Jeffrey Ahrendsen 14K Real Estate Investments LLC Ms. Laura Adams Mr. Kevin Ahrens 1882 Management Mr. and Mrs. Lon Adams Mr. and Mrs. Charles Aiken 1st Cavalry Rocky Mountain Chapter Col and Mrs. Louis Adams Ms. Laverne Ainley 221 South Oak Bistro Ms. Maggie Adams Air Academy Federal Credit Union 4-Bits 4-H Club Ms. Mary Adams Air Academy Federal Credit Union 4Clicks - Solutions, LLC Mr. Michael Adams Air Academy High School - District 20 A & L Aluminum Manufacturing Company Mr. and Mrs. Rexford Adams Mr. TJ Airhart A Handymike Home Repair Mr. and Mrs. Robert Adams Aka Wilson, LLC A to Z Realty Mr. S. Michael Adams Mr. Richard Alaniz AA “Accurate and Affordable” Striping, Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Adams Ms. Susan Alarid AAA NCNU Insurance Exchange Mr. Steve Adams Ms. Karin Alaska AAA Northern California Nevada & Utah Suzanne Adams Mr. Arturo Albanesi AARP Foundation Adams Bank & Trust Mr. and Mrs. Mac Alberico Ms. Renee Abbe Mrs. Alda Adcox Ms. Cheryl Alberto Ms. Marjory Abbott Add Staff Inc. Mr. and Mrs. Dewey Albertson Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Peyton Abbott Ms. Constance Addington Mr. W. Gary Albertson Ms. Stephanie Abbott Mr. and Mrs. D. V. Addington Albertsons LLC Ms. Brianna Abby Ms. Linda Addington Mr. and Mrs. Albert Albrandt Mr. and Mrs. Donald Abdallah Ms. Vicky Addison Mr. Gerald Albrecht Mr. Tony Abdella Ms. Deirdre Aden-Smith Ms. Patricia Albright Mr. and Mrs. William Abel Mr. -
Abstracts of the 50Th DDA Meeting (Boulder, CO)
Abstracts of the 50th DDA Meeting (Boulder, CO) American Astronomical Society June, 2019 100 — Dynamics on Asteroids break-up event around a Lagrange point. 100.01 — Simulations of a Synthetic Eurybates 100.02 — High-Fidelity Testing of Binary Asteroid Collisional Family Formation with Applications to 1999 KW4 Timothy Holt1; David Nesvorny2; Jonathan Horner1; Alex B. Davis1; Daniel Scheeres1 Rachel King1; Brad Carter1; Leigh Brookshaw1 1 Aerospace Engineering Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder 1 Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland (Boulder, Colorado, United States) (Longmont, Colorado, United States) 2 Southwest Research Institute (Boulder, Connecticut, United The commonly accepted formation process for asym- States) metric binary asteroids is the spin up and eventual fission of rubble pile asteroids as proposed by Walsh, Of the six recognized collisional families in the Jo- Richardson and Michel (Walsh et al., Nature 2008) vian Trojan swarms, the Eurybates family is the and Scheeres (Scheeres, Icarus 2007). In this theory largest, with over 200 recognized members. Located a rubble pile asteroid is spun up by YORP until it around the Jovian L4 Lagrange point, librations of reaches a critical spin rate and experiences a mass the members make this family an interesting study shedding event forming a close, low-eccentricity in orbital dynamics. The Jovian Trojans are thought satellite. Further work by Jacobson and Scheeres to have been captured during an early period of in- used a planar, two-ellipsoid model to analyze the stability in the Solar system. The parent body of the evolutionary pathways of such a formation event family, 3548 Eurybates is one of the targets for the from the moment the bodies initially fission (Jacob- LUCY spacecraft, and our work will provide a dy- son and Scheeres, Icarus 2011). -
Voorzover We Weten Zijn Dit Alle Italiaanse Motormerken Vanaf Anno Toen Tot Anno Nu
Voorzover we weten zijn dit alle Italiaanse motormerken vanaf anno toen tot anno nu. Als we er onverhoopt toch een paar missen laten we dat niet op ons zitten. Laat het maar weten en we passen onderstaande lijst zo snel mogelijk aan. Abignente, Abra, Accosato, AD, Aermacchi, Aero-Caproni, Aester, Aetos, Agostini, Agrati, AIM, Alato, Alcyon Italiana, Aldbert, Alfa, Algat, Aliprandi, Alkro, Almia, Alpina, Alpino, Altea, Amisa, AMR, Ancilotti, Ancora, Anzani, Ape, Aprilia, Aquila (Bologna), Aquila (Rome), Ardea, Ardito, Ares, Ariz, Arzani, Aspes, Aspi, Asso, Aster, Astoria, Astra, Astro, Atala (Milaan), Atala (Padua), Attolini, Augusta, Azzaritti Bantam, Baroni, Bartali, Basigli, Baudo, Bazzoni, BB, Beccaccino- Beccaria, Benelli, Benotto, Bernardi, Berneg, Bertoni, Beta, Bettocchi, Bianchi, Bikron, Bimm, Bimota, Bimotor, Bilatto, BM, BMA, BM-Bonvicini, BMP, Bordone, Borghi, Borgo, B&P, Breda, BRM, Brouiller, BSU, BS-Villa, Bucher, Bulleri, Busi-Nettunian Cabrera, Cagiva, Calcaterra, Calvi, Campanella, Capello, Cappa, Capponi, Capriolo, Caproni-Vizzola, Carcano, Carda, Cardani, Carnielli, Carneti, Carngelutti, Carriti, Carrù, Casalini, Casoli, Cavicchioli, CBR, Ceccato, Centaurus, CF, CFG, Chianale, Chiorda, Cicala, Cigno, Cima, Cimatti, Cislaghi, CM, CMK, CMP, CNA, Colella, Colombo, COM, Comet, Comfort, Conti, Coppi, Cozzo, CRT Dall-Oglio, Dardo, DB, DBM, De Agostini, De Stefano & Conti , De Togin, Deca, Dei, Della Ferrera, Demm, Devil, Di Blasi, Di Pietro, Dick-Dick, Dionisi, Doglioli & Civardi, Dominissini, Doniselli, Dotta, DP, DRS, Ducati -
An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact
An Early Warning System for Asteroid Impact John L. Tonry(1) ABSTRACT Earth is bombarded by meteors, occasionally by one large enough to cause a significant explosion and possible loss of life. It is not possible to detect all hazardous asteroids, and the efforts to detect them years before they strike are only advancing slowly. Similarly, ideas for mitigation of the danger from an impact by moving the asteroid are in their infancy. Although the odds of a deadly asteroid strike in the next century are low, the most likely impact is by a relatively small asteroid, and we suggest that the best mitigation strategy in the near term is simply to move people out of the way. With enough warning, a small asteroid impact should not cause loss of life, and even portable property might be preserved. We describe an \early warning" system that could provide a week's notice of most sizeable asteroids or comets on track to hit the Earth. This may be all the mitigation needed or desired for small asteroids, and it can be implemented immediately for relatively low cost. This system, dubbed \Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System" (AT- LAS), comprises two observatories separated by about 100 km that simulta- neously scan the visible sky twice a night. Software automatically registers a comparison with the unchanging sky and identifies everything which has moved or changed. Communications between the observatories lock down the orbits of anything approaching the Earth, within one night if its arrival is less than a week. The sensitivity of the system permits detection of 140 m asteroids (100 Mton impact energy) three weeks before impact, and 50 m asteroids a week be- fore arrival. -
The Comet's Tale
THE COMET’S TALE Journal of the Comet Section of the British Astronomical Association Number 33, 2014 January Not the Comet of the Century 2013 R1 (Lovejoy) imaged by Damian Peach on 2013 December 24 using 106mm F5. STL-11k. LRGB. L: 7x2mins. RGB: 1x2mins. Today’s images of bright binocular comets rival drawings of Great Comets of the nineteenth century. Rather predictably the expected comet of the century Contents failed to materialise, however several of the other comets mentioned in the last issue, together with the Comet Section contacts 2 additional surprise shown above, put on good From the Director 2 appearances. 2011 L4 (PanSTARRS), 2012 F6 From the Secretary 3 (Lemmon), 2012 S1 (ISON) and 2013 R1 (Lovejoy) all Tales from the past 5 th became brighter than 6 magnitude and 2P/Encke, 2012 RAS meeting report 6 K5 (LINEAR), 2012 L2 (LINEAR), 2012 T5 (Bressi), Comet Section meeting report 9 2012 V2 (LINEAR), 2012 X1 (LINEAR), and 2013 V3 SPA meeting - Rob McNaught 13 (Nevski) were all binocular objects. Whether 2014 will Professional tales 14 bring such riches remains to be seen, but three comets The Legacy of Comet Hunters 16 are predicted to come within binocular range and we Project Alcock update 21 can hope for some new discoveries. We should get Review of observations 23 some spectacular close-up images of 67P/Churyumov- Prospects for 2014 44 Gerasimenko from the Rosetta spacecraft. BAA COMET SECTION NEWSLETTER 2 THE COMET’S TALE Comet Section contacts Director: Jonathan Shanklin, 11 City Road, CAMBRIDGE. CB1 1DP England. Phone: (+44) (0)1223 571250 (H) or (+44) (0)1223 221482 (W) Fax: (+44) (0)1223 221279 (W) E-Mail: [email protected] or [email protected] WWW page : http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~jds/ Assistant Director (Observations): Guy Hurst, 16 Westminster Close, Kempshott Rise, BASINGSTOKE, Hampshire. -
John Joly (1857–1933)
Trinity College Memorial Discourse Monday 14th May 2007 JOHN JOLY (1857–1933) Patrick N. Wyse Jackson FTCD Department of Geology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland ([email protected]) Provost, Fellows, Scholars, Colleagues, Honoured Guests, and Friends It gives me great pleasure to be here today as we honour a Trinity scientist and life-long servant, and remember him close to the 150th anniversary of his birth in a small rural rectory in what is now County Offaly. I am also using the occasion to privately (and now that I mention it, publicly) remember another Trinity graduate, whose centenary his family will celebrate next year. On Trinity Monday, 67 years ago, my father Robert Wyse Jackson delivered the Memorial Discourse on Jonathan Swift. John Joly whom we honour today was a scientist with a vivid and clear imagination, and his research led him into many varied disciplines. He was a physicist, engineer, geophysicist, and educationalist, but also researched in botany, medicine and on photography. He was also closely associated with a number of Dublin organisations most notably the Royal Dublin Society of which he was President for a time, and with Alexandra College of which he was Warden for many years. This Discourse shall follow a broadly chronological sequence from his birth to death, and will examine various strands of his work and life either in depth to some degree, or else fleetingly. A bibliography of papers on Joly’s life and work is appended to the end of this Discourse. 1 John Joly in 1903 In adulthood Joly Joly was very distinctive. -
Appendix I Lunar and Martian Nomenclature
APPENDIX I LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE LUNAR AND MARTIAN NOMENCLATURE A large number of names of craters and other features on the Moon and Mars, were accepted by the IAU General Assemblies X (Moscow, 1958), XI (Berkeley, 1961), XII (Hamburg, 1964), XIV (Brighton, 1970), and XV (Sydney, 1973). The names were suggested by the appropriate IAU Commissions (16 and 17). In particular the Lunar names accepted at the XIVth and XVth General Assemblies were recommended by the 'Working Group on Lunar Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr D. H. Menzel. The Martian names were suggested by the 'Working Group on Martian Nomenclature' under the Chairmanship of Dr G. de Vaucouleurs. At the XVth General Assembly a new 'Working Group on Planetary System Nomenclature' was formed (Chairman: Dr P. M. Millman) comprising various Task Groups, one for each particular subject. For further references see: [AU Trans. X, 259-263, 1960; XIB, 236-238, 1962; Xlffi, 203-204, 1966; xnffi, 99-105, 1968; XIVB, 63, 129, 139, 1971; Space Sci. Rev. 12, 136-186, 1971. Because at the recent General Assemblies some small changes, or corrections, were made, the complete list of Lunar and Martian Topographic Features is published here. Table 1 Lunar Craters Abbe 58S,174E Balboa 19N,83W Abbot 6N,55E Baldet 54S, 151W Abel 34S,85E Balmer 20S,70E Abul Wafa 2N,ll7E Banachiewicz 5N,80E Adams 32S,69E Banting 26N,16E Aitken 17S,173E Barbier 248, 158E AI-Biruni 18N,93E Barnard 30S,86E Alden 24S, lllE Barringer 29S,151W Aldrin I.4N,22.1E Bartels 24N,90W Alekhin 68S,131W Becquerei -
Secular Light Curves of Comets, II: 133P
1 C:\Atlas2\133Pv9.doc\060704 / Version 9.0 Icarus MS Number I09469 Accepted for publication in Icarus, 2006 07 21 “Secular Light Curves of Comets, II: 133P/Elst-Pizarro, an Asteroidal Belt Comet” Ignacio Ferrín, Center for Fundamental Physics, University of the Andes, Mérida, VENEZUELA. [email protected] Received October11th, 2005 , Accepted July 21st, 2006 No. Of Pages 44 No. Of Figures 10 No. Of Tables 5 No. Of References 163 - The observations described in this work were carried out at the National Observatory of Venezuela (ONV), managed by the Center for Research in Astronomy (CIDA), for the Ministry of Science and Technology. 2 Proposed Running Head: “ Secular Light Curve of Comet 133P/Elst-Pizarro “ Name and address for Editorial Correspondence: Dr. Ignacio Ferrín, Apartado 700, Mérida 5101-A, VENEZUELA South America Email address: [email protected] 3 Abstract We present the secular light curve (SLC) of 133P/Elst-Pizarro, and show ample and sufficient evidence to conclude that it is evolving into a dormant phase. The SLC provides a great deal of information to characterize the object, the most important being that it exhibits outburst-like activity without a corresponding detectable coma. 133P will return to perihelion in July of 2007 when some of our findings may be corroborated. The most significant findings of this investigation are: (1) We have compiled from 127 literature references, extensive databases of visual colors (37 comets), rotational periods and peak-to-valley amplitudes (64 comets). 2-Dimensional plots are created from these databases, which show that comets do not lie on a linear trend but in well defined areas of these phase spaces.