Indian Captives, Servants, and Slaves in the Era of King Philip's War, 1673

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Indian Captives, Servants, and Slaves in the Era of King Philip’s War, 1673-1755

Compiled by Jenny Hale Pulsipher for John Wompas Digital Archive, 2018. This is not a comprehensive listing. It represents information encountered in the course of my research on Swindler Sachem.

Status (if recorded): Kept in domestic servitude (perpetual or term) Sold into foreign slavery Redeemed or freed from servitude Granted to allied Indians

Date Name / incident Master Location / fate Source

20 April Indian Mr. Saunders MBC / Judicial slavery: John Winthrop Jr. writes that WFPT 1673 Indian delivered to Mr. Saunders by Springfield court "to be as his servant or dispose" 7 Oct. Tom Indian MBC / Judicial slavery: Tom convicted of rape, sold MCR, 5:25 1674 to West Indies for period of 10 years July 1675 Thomas Robins "the Indian" MBC / Record of sale, Essex County Court ECR, 6:60 July 1675 Wombe, Indian gunsmith Fitz-John CC / Fitz-John Winthrop writes regarding Wombe, WFPT Winthrop one of those "which should have been delivered to us by Ninecraft but could not then be had." Asks to have him as servant 19 July 3 Indian women MBC / Indians Antony Tray and James petition that 3 MAC, 67:220 1675 Indian women may not be "sold out of the Countrey for slaves" because they "desire to pray" [response not noted] 4 Aug. 112 Indian women and children PC / Plymouth Council orders them sold "and PCR, 5:173 1675 devoted unto servitude" except a few to be "otherwise disposed of," Treasurer "to make sale of them in the countryes behalfe" 31 Aug. 2 Indian servants: John Humphrey, Ned, John Gould MBC / Gould refuses to obey Major Gen. Daniel SCF, #1408 1675 perhaps one other Denison's order to deliver Indians in his employ to the Massachusetts Council

1 Sept. 100 Indians to be carried to Cadiz and MBC / John Hull, Massachusetts treasurer, reports JHLB, 272, 280 1675 Malaga that Mr. Richard Sprague [Spragg] will "have above one hundred Indians to Carry thither to a market" (to Cadiz and Malaga) 2 Sept. 57 Indian surrenderers from Sandwich PC / Plymouth Colony condemns them to perpetual PCR, 5:174 1675 servitude, orders that they be sold "for and to the use of the collonie, as oppertunity may present" 22 Sept. “Old Indian squa” captured by Mohegans MBC / Sent to Boston jail, released on petition of MAC, 30:176- 1675 kinsman William Ahaton, who said he would take her 176a to Punkapoag where her kin lived. Petition granted 22 Sept. 5 Indian prisoners captured by Cornelius Samuel MBC / Delivered to Shrimpton to be employed on MAC, 30:177a 1675 Shrimpton Noddle's Island 28 Sept. 178 Indians MBC / Captured, shipped to Cadiz on board Capt. Saltonstall, 30, 1675 Sprague's ship, including 80 captured by Samuel 34 Mosely, 45 captured by Uncas [see Sept. 1675 entry] 13 Oct. William Hawkins, Indian; Mannapaugh and MBC / Judicial slavery: Hawkins (convicted of MCR, 5:58, 68; 1675 Mannanesit burning a haystack), Mannapaugh and Mannanesit HAcc, 474 ("pretending themselves to belong to Uncas") ordered to be sold out of the country; latter two later discovered to be messengers from Wannalancet on safe conduct, ordered to be delivered by Council 5 Nov. Wife of William Hawkins; Sara, wife of MBC / Sent to Brewster Island, MBC, until further MAC, 30:184a 1675 Niehneminet and her child; order Hannah, wife of Nececoughocott and two children 10 and 2 years old; Mary, wife of Sampson; Great David’s mother; Nuthcuncom “a Yong Squaw” 5 Nov. Jeffrey, an “old man, crooked”; Jeffrey’s wife MBC / To be sold out of the country (court gave MAC, 30:184a 1675 and 10 or 12-yr-old daughter; Humphrey’s liberty to wives who wanted to go with their wife (Great David’s sister) and a little child; husbands; others sent to Brewster Island, MBC) Humphrey; the “Young man whose father was shot to death at Marlborough” (husband of Nuthcuncom); Great David; Sara (wife of Great David) and infant 2 17 Nov. Indian captives from New England MBC / Sold in Barbados, Nevis, Jamaica, Spain (news YIPP, 1675 second-hand; no specific captives mentioned) 1675.11.17.00 16 Dec. 30 Indian men British royal MBC / Sent from New England to Mr. Mathews at YIPP, 1675 galleys, Cadiz, who sent them on to Tangier for service in 1675.12.16.00 Tangier king’s galley. Nine died en route from Cadiz 1675 "servant & slave, Bartholmew, an Indian John MBC / Mentioned in theft case, stealing goods from MdsxCR, 3:121, Malatto" Hayman master along with six English; confined to Cambridge 134 prison 1675/76 Son of Awaukun MBC / Petition of Awaukun. Son captive among MAC, 30:191a Nipmucs, asks for his release [no response evident] 8 Jan. captured Indians John MBC / Plimpton and Boyden ask Massachusetts MAC, 69:94 1676 Plimpton, Council permission to keep or sell Indians captured Jonathan by them [no response evident] Boyden 15 Jan. Plato, Indian servant Robert MBC / mentioned EHR, 1:383 1675/76 Dayton 17 March Joseph, an Indian Samuel MBC / Massachusetts Council orders Joseph MAC, 30:198 1675/76 Shrimpton released, conveyed at the charge of Lieut. Coffin, whose vessel Joseph is aboard [see 24 Aug. 1676, “2 for one returned by order” entry; and 1676, Joseph Petuhanit entry] 19 April Indian girl, 10 or 12 years old Jonathan MBC / Fairbanks petitions for possession of child MAC, 30:200 1676 Fairbanks captured by him near Quaboag and currently on Deer Island [no response evident] 29 April 21 Indian men Capt. Spragg, Tangier / Indians supplied by Capt. Spragg to king’s YIPP, 1676 Master of galley at Tangier to be returned to Mr. Matthews at 1676.04.29.00 the Sampson Cadiz 10 June Captive Indian women and children MBC / John Eliot mentions "some Captive women & John Eliot's 1676 children wr set downe, shipped to be sold for slaves" Records, RCBR 1 July 9 Indians MBC / Sold for 30 pounds in Boston SSD, 18 1676 3 July Indian girl, about 5 years old, kin of William MBC / Ahaton petitions that girl captured near MAC, 30:207a 1676 Ahaton's wife Weshakim by his son be delivered to him, not sold out of the country [no response evident]

3 4 July 45 Indian women and children captured CC / (letter from Major Talcott to CT Council) CCR, 2:458-59 1676 8 July 6 Indians; 3 Indians Samuel MBC / 6 Indians to be sold to Jamaica, 3 to be kept 8 July 1676, MHS 1676 Shrimpton on Shrimpton's islands in Massachusetts Bay Photostats, MHS 22 July Children of Indian surrenderers PC / Plymouth Council of War declares that children PCR, 5:207 1676 of surrendering Indians may be put to service in English homes until they reach 24 or 25 years of age 6 Aug. Captured Indians sold into service for 9 RIC / The Indians shall be "for the town" and RICR, 2:549 1676 years whoever purchased them will be indemnified 7 Aug. Boys and girls among surrendered Indians MBC / Order of Council that boys and girls be MAC, 30:209 1676 "disposed to serve among the English, but not to be sold or bartered away for any price" until Council declares its mind. Any previous sales void 10 Aug. 2 children: John, son of Alwitankus of Samuel Ipswich, MBC / John's parents present and Salisbury, 142 1676 Quantiset; Hester, 10 yrs, niece of John Simonds consenting; Hester's parents dead, formerly of Woosumpigin of Natick Nashaway 10 Aug. 1 boy: John, 13 yrs Thomas Cambridge, MBC Salisbury, 142 1676 Danforth 10 Aug. 1 boy: 12 yrs, son of Papamech alias David Lt. Jonathan Billerica, MBC Salisbury, 142 1676 late of Warwick or Cowesit Danforth 10 Aug. 2 boys: Jabez, 10 yrs and Joseph 6 yrs, sons Mathew Cambridge, MBC / One or both boys is away with his Salisbury, 142 1676 of Woompthe late of Packachooge Bridge father, 17 Oct. 1676 10 Aug. 3 children: Absolom (10 yrs) and Sarah (11 Mr. Jeremiah Rowley, MBC / Jane's parents dead Salisbury, 142 1676 yrs), children of Absolom of Manehage Shepherd [Manchage]; Jane (8 yrs) 10 Aug. 1 maid: Margaret, 12 yrs, daughter of Mrs. Cambridge, MBC Salisbury, 143 1676 Suhunnick of Quantiset (mother dead) Mitchell, widow 10 Aug. 1 boy: grandson of Upacunt of Quantisitt Thomas Ipswich, MBC / Wennaputanan (his guardian) and Salisbury, 143 1676 Jacob Upacunt of Quantisitt (his grandmother) present and consenting 10 Aug. 1 boy: John, 13 yrs Goodman Cambridge, MBC / John's father dead Salisbury, 143 1676 Read, tanner 10 Aug. 1 boy: 7 yrs Mr. Jacob Charlestown, MBC / father, late of Quantisett, dead; Salisbury, 143 1676 Green mother, late of Narragansett, dead 4 10 Aug. 1 boy: John, 14 yrs Thomas Watertown, MBC / Father, of Cowesitt, dead; Salisbury, 143 1676 Woolson mother present and consenting 10 Aug. 1 boy: Samuel, 6 yrs, son of Nohanet of Ciprian Rumney Marsh, MBC Salisbury, 143 1676 Chabonokonkomun Stevens 10 Aug. 1 maid: Rebecka, 10 yrs Thomas Boston, MBC Salisbury, 143 1676 Eliot, carpenter 10 Aug. 1 boy: Peter, 9 yrs Jacob Green Charlestown, MBC / father dead, mother Salisbury, 143 1676 Jr. (Nannantum, of Quantisit) present and consenting 10 Aug. 1 boy: Tom, 12 yrs, son of Santeshe of Goodman Charlestown, MBC, on Mistick side Salisbury, 143 1676 Pakachooge Greenland, carpenter 10 Aug. 1 girl: Abigal, 16 yrs Mr. Edmund Salem, MBC / mother Quanshishe, late of Salisbury, 143 1676 Batter Shookannet beyond Mendon, widow 10 Aug. 2 children: Joshua (8 yrs); girl (6 yrs) Daniel Cambridge, MBC / Joshua's father, William Wunuko, Salisbury, 143 1676 Gookin Sr. late of Magunkoog, was executed; girl is daughter of widow Quishiske, late of Shookanet beyond Mendon 10 Aug. 1 girl: Anne, 6 yrs, sister of girl in Daniel Andrew Cambridge, MBC Salisbury, 143 1676 Gookin's house Bordman, tailor 10 Aug. 1 boy: John, 13 yrs Thomas Cambridge Village, MBC / son of William Wunuko Salisbury, 143 1676 Prentis Jr. late of Magunkoog, “that was executed for Thomas Burney” 10 Aug. 1 boy, 6 yrs, son of Joseph Spoonans late of Benjamin Dedham, MBC Salisbury, 143 1676 Marlboro? Mills 10 Aug. 1 boy: Joseph, 12 yrs Mr. Edward Cambridge Village, MBC / Late of Magalygook Salisbury, 144 1676 Jackson [Magunkoog?], cousin to Pymabow of Natick 10 Aug. 1 maid: Hope, 9 yrs Widow Cambridge Village; parents dead, of Narraganset Salisbury, 144 1676 Jackson 10 Aug. 1 boy Old Dedham, MBC / son of Annaweekin, late of Salisbury, 144 1676 Goodman Hassanamesit ,dead; mother present and consenting Myles 10 Aug. 1 boy: Joseph, 11 yrs Capt. Cambridge Village, MBC / son of Annaweekin, late of Salisbury, 144 1676 Thomas Hassanamesit, dead; mother present and Prentis consenting. One of the two boys sent to England 5 with William Stoughton and Peter Bulkeley, Massachusetts agents 10 Aug. 1 boy: 8 yrs John Smith Dedham, MBC / father, late of Marlboro, dead; “hee Salisbury, 144 1676 is brother to James Printers wife” 10 Aug. 1 maid Mr. John Concord, MBC Salisbury, 144 1676 Flint 10 Aug. 1 boy: Tom, 11 yrs Mr. Jonathan Mistick, MBC / son of William Wunakhow of Salisbury, 144 1676 Wade Magunkgog, executed 10 Aug. 1 maid: 10 yrs Mr. Mistick, MBC / daughter of Jame Natomet [?] late of Salisbury, 144 1676 Nathaniel Pakachooge, parents dead Wade 12 Aug. 500 Indians taken or surrendered in summer New England colonies / William Harris report, claims CO 1/37, No. 47, 1676 1676 that Connecticut kills all captives except children, so TNA Indians flee to Massachusetts and Plymouth 24 Aug. 4 Indian men, 30 women and children MBC / Case of William Waldron, John Haughton MAC, 30:213a; 1676 captured in Maine imprisoned for seizing Indians to be sold as slaves at 227a; DHSM, Fayal; late July 1677 two Indian slaves sold to Fayal 6:119-120; DIM, are returned [see MAC, 30:492] July 1677; SCF #1559, 1592 24 Aug. 1 boy Isaac MBC / 3£ 00s 00d Salisbury, 145 1676 Waldron 24 Aug. 2 girls Ephraim MBC / 4£ 10s 00d Salisbury, 145 1676 Savage 24 Aug. 4 women, 3 girls, 2 infants Samuel MBC / 30£ Salisbury, 145 1676 Shrimpton 24 Aug. 1 old man, 3 women, and “2 for one Samuel MBC / 9£ Salisbury, 145 1676 returned by order” Shrimpton

24 Aug. 1 man Samuel MBC / 2£ 12s Salisbury, 145 1676 Shrimpton 24 Aug. 1 maid, around 12 years old Samuel MBC / 3£ 10s; Lynde later petitions to be allowed to Salisbury, 146; 1676 Lynde keep her despite Council's order against retaining MAC, 30:236b Indians over 12 years in colony, claims she is around 12 years old but "tall in stature" and "very servisable in his family" [no response evident] 6 24 Aug. 1 girl and 2 men Thomas MBC / 9£ 10s Salisbury, 146 1676 Smith 24 Aug. 10 women, 8 "papooses," 1 man Thomas MBC / 25£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Smith 24 Aug. 2 lads, viz. Pomham & Matoonas Thomas MBC / 7£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Smith 24 Aug. 1 woman, 4 little children Thomas MBC / 5£ 12s Salisbury, 146 1676 Smith 24 Aug. 1 boy and girl Samuel MBC / 5£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Symons, Esq. 24 Aug. 2 boys George MBC / 6£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Perkes 24 Aug. 1 girl John Mors MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 24 Aug. 2 girls John Mors MBC / 7£ Salisbury, 146 1676 24 Aug. 1 boy John Mors MBC / 3£ Salisbury, 146 1676 24 Aug. 1 girl John Mann MBC / 3£ Salisbury, 146 1676 24 Aug. 1 boy Thomas MBC / 3£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Davis 24 Aug. 1 woman and 1 infant Daniel MBC / 2£ 10s Salisbury, 146 1676 Henchman 24 Aug. 1 boy and girl Samuel MBC / 6£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Mosely 24 Aug. 13 women and children wounded, 1 sick Samuel MBC / 20£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Mosely 24 Aug. 1 woman Timothy Batt MBC / 2L 15s Salisbury, 146 1676 24 Aug. 1 woman _____ MBC / 3£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Rawlings 24 Aug. 65 of “enemy” (40 of them Wabquassets) Uncas CC / Some left with Uncas, others distributed to CT CCR, 2: 474-76 1676 surrender to Uncas on declaration of Mercy towns

7 25 Aug. 8 Indians (1 young man, 7 women and MBC / Delivered to Capt. Hunting MAC, 30:221 1676 children) captured by Samuel and Jeremy Hide, Indians 25 Aug. 1 "young woman, about 20 yeares old" Jonathan PC / Samuel and Jeremy Hide petition for young MAC, 30:221; 1676 Hatch of woman, their deceased brother's daughter, to PCR 10:366 Saconeeset remain with them. She is sold to Jonathan Hatch of Saconeeset [see 20 March 1678/79] 31 Aug. 3-4 families or half a score of surrendered Major CC / Permission granted to Major and Capt. CCR, 2:479 1676 Indians among Pequots or Narragansetts Winthrop Winthrop to take 3-4 families or half a score of and Capt. Indians now with Pequots or Narragansets to Winthrop Fisher’s Island, to return account to Court in October Aug.-Sept. Malasses, Manuxuat, Quanchuagat, eight RIC / Court orders Malasses, Manuxuat, ACR, 15-17 1676 other Indians Quanchuagat delivered to Capt. Benjamin Church for sale within or out of Plymouth; others to be transported for sale out of the colony by Capt. Anthony Low 6 Sept. 350 Indians (100 of them men, 250 of them MBC / Letter of William Hathorne to MBC Misc. MS and 1676 old men, women and children). Sold 23 Sept. Government reports on Dover Surprise: Indians Misc. Bound MS, 1676, some out of country, some into come in on promise of mercy, are seized and sold MHS; Collection domestic slavery [see entries under 23 Sept. into slavery; letter of Nicholas Shapleigh and Thomas 77, Autographs 1676] Daniel to MBC Governor and Council gives another of Special Note, account of Dover Surprise, warns of potential harm Box 2, MeHS because of captured Indians' relatives still abroad [see 23 Nov. 1676] 8 Sept. Indian captured, executed by Indians CC / Indian captured, found to be “a child of death.” CCR, 2:480 1676 Ordered executed by English or Indians; Indians choose to do it 23 Sept. 41 Indian captives purchased Thomas MBC / 82£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Smith 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased Isaac MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Waldron 23 Sept. 6 Indian captives purchased Richard MBC / 10£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Middlecott 23 Sept. 2 Indian captives purchased James MBC / 3£ 10s Salisbury, 146 1676 Meares 8 23 Sept. 3 Indian captives purchased Samuel MBC / 4£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Apleton 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased John MBC / 1£ 15s Salisbury, 146 1676 Buttolph 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased William MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Gilbert 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased George MBC / 2£; Sphere later petitions for reimbursement, Salisbury, 146; 1676 Sphere forced to return child to Indians in response to govt. MAC, 30:244 order banning Indians over 12 in English towns 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased William MBC / 5s Salisbury, 146 1676 Needham 23 Sept. 5 Indian captives purchased Thomas MBC / 8£ 1s Salisbury, 146 1676 Grant 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased David MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Waterhous 23 Sept. 13 Indian captives purchased James MBC / 14£ 15s Salisbury, 146 1676 Whitcomb 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased John Turner MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased Ann MBC / 1£ 15s Salisbury, 146 1676 Shepcutt 23 Sept. 8 Indian captives purchased Richard MBC / 8£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Wharton 23 Sept. 3 Indian captives purchased _____ MBC / 4£ 10s Salisbury, 146 1676 Rawlins 23 Sept. 4 Indian captives purchased John Wait MBC / 4£ 10s Salisbury, 146 1676 23 Sept. 2 Indian captives purchased Josiah Flynt MBC / 3£ 15s Salisbury, 146 1676 23 Sept. 2 Indian captives purchased Samuel MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Leach 23 Sept. 2 Indian captives purchased Jarvis Ballard MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 23 Sept. 2 Indian captives purchased James MBC / 2£ 8s Salisbury, 146 1676 Meares 9 23 Sept. 1 Indian captive purchased John Mason MBC / 2£ Salisbury, 146 1676 23 Sept. 8 Indian captives purchased Benjamin MBC / 5£ Salisbury, 146 1676 Gibbs Sept.-Oct. Court business concerning withholding 25 ? MBC SCF, #1498 1676 Indian servants 1676, 2 Indian boys Peter London, England / in care of Peter Bulkeley and MAC, 30:224a autumn Bulkeley and William Stoughton, colony messengers William Stoughton Oct. 1676 3 girls (14 years, 5 years, unknown); their James Noyes CC / Noyes gives girls and their mother to Wananoxs, YIPP, mother (sick); man from Quaquatog (40 yrs, their relative, until the mother should be well, at 1676.10.00.00 sick) which time he would like them returned. He also requests a young Indian man when “I can light of one that maye be worth having." Noyes tries to send the 40-year-old man back to the Indians, but he returns, needing health care Oct. 1676 Indian girl “from Wuseapog" Ruth, Negro CC / Given to Catapezet by mother, then sold to YIPP, slave of “Ruth Father Stantons Negro for two trucking cloth 1676.10.00.00 Father Coats, & 5 yards of painted Calico” Stanton Oct. 1676 Indian “companions” and father of girl who Barbadoes; James Noyes mentions they were sold to YIPP, was given to Catapezet and sold to Ruth Barbadoes 1676.10.00.00 9 Oct. Indian "papoose" ? MBC / Colonist asks Council to be reimbursed for SCF, #1496 1676 care of child or to be given her as a gift; granted 12 Oct. Captured Indians granted right to live under Harmon CC / Pequots under Harmon Garrett CCR, 2:288-90 1676 Harmon Garrett Garrett 12 Oct. 6 captives granted to Cassasinamon as Robin Cass- CC / Pequots under Robin Cassasinamon CCR, 2:288-90 1676 servants asinamon 12 Oct. an Indian girl purchased Lieut. Waye MBC / Joseph Winslow petitions in behalf of Waye MAC, 30:223a 1676 that he may retain Indian girl he purchased who "proves a very good Servant" [no response evident] 16-18 Oct. Indian captive ? MBC / Petition to keep Indian captive SCF, #1511 1676

10 29 Oct. Sebawcatt, a hostage CC / Kept as hostage among English CCR, 2:379 1676 29 Oct. Some captives from Philip delivered by Major CC CCR, 2:379 1676 Ninigret Fitzjohn Winthrop 29 Oct. 2 children Ninigret CC / "The two children he desires" delivered to CCR, 2:379 1676 Ninigret by English 31 Oct. 25 Indian servants various RI RIC / Capt. Benjamin Gibbs (defendant) takes 25 SCR, 1:742 1676 masters Indian servants (men, women, children) from Prudence Island in RI, “keeping them from their masters. Court finds for plaintiffs 4 Nov. Indian hostages CC / Indian hostages held at Goodman Garrett's CCR, 2:380 1676 house 10 Nov. 30 Natick Indians MBC / Surrendered Indians who came in with John Salisbury, 148 1676 of Pakachoog put to service with the English. These lived before the war “under our government at Hassanamesit, Magunkog, Marlborough, and Wamesitt” 10 Nov. Some children of Wanalancet’s Indians Chelmsford, MBC / “ordered to be put forth to Salisbury, 149 1676 English service” 10 Nov. Some children of Indians living near Ipswich Ipswich, MBC / “ordered to be put to service” Salisbury, 149 1676 13 Nov. Enemy Indians on Martha's Vineyard Richard Way MBC / Petition of Richard Way allowing him to MAC, 30:227 1676 "dispose of" Indian enemies who had moved to Martha's Vineyard. Granted right to sell any he captures 23 Nov. Mary Nemasit and children Thomas MBC / Taken in Dover Surprise, sold, later released MAC, 30:226, 1676 Deane and on govt. order [see 6 Sept. 1676] 228, 228a James Wetcomb 23 Nov. Jacob Indian Thomas MBC / Taken in Dover Surprise, sold, later ordered MAC, 30:228a 1676 Deane and released upon receiving "full satisfaction," James James Speen having covenanted for his good behavior [see Wetcomb 6 Sept. 1676]

11 24 Nov. 10 Indians: Janimose, his wife and 4 CC / Captured Indians spared from sale, granted CCR, 2:481-482 1676 children; Wequanacat’s wife and 3 children; liberty to return to Mohegan, remain there as Wechapium surrenderers 25 Nov. Indians allied with Philip (“Philipians”) Owanecoe CC / Owanecoe allowed to dispose of them by sale CCR, 2:385 1676 or otherwise 1676 Peter, “an Indian youth,” kinsman to Natick John Kingsley MBC / Captured in Plymouth, sold to John Kingsley MAC, 30:229 and Punkapoag Indians of Milton of Milton, where he served until Council ordered removal of all Indians from towns. Since then, he is in prison in Boston. Natick and Punkapoag Indians beg that he not be sold out of the country, either released to them or returned to his master [no response evident] 1676 2 Indian children Thomas MBC / Danforth petitions for permission to keep 2 MAC, 30:220 Danforth of Indian children given to him by their father [no Dorchester response evident] 1676 Joseph Petuhanit of Hassanamesit [see 17 MBC / Sold, sent to Jamaica; later redeemed, HAcc, 447 March 1675/76] returned to Massachusetts (but Joseph retained in domestic servitude) 1676 Wife and two children of Joseph Petuhanit MBC / Sold, later redeemed by John Eliot HAcc, 447 of Hassanamesit 1676 70 Indian surrenderers William PC / Indians Old Peter and John surrender to James Barker Wood, Plymouth Colony; they and their families are and Joseph Clark Nathaniel promised freedom if they bring in other Indians. to Gov. Josiah Sole, ? Kerby They bring in 70. English break promise and sell all of Winslow, 7 Oct. them 1678, John Davis Papers, #34, MHS 1676 88 Indian surrenderers PC / Indians sold, transported out of country by DKPW, 92 Plymouth authorities [possibly same incident as 1676, 70 Indian surrenderers?] "in the Thomas Aguon sold out of the country MBC / Aguon, accused of treachery by other Indians, MAC, 30:278 time of sold out of country for £7 the wars with the Indians" 12 11 Jan. An Indian boy, about 9 years old John Thaxter Hingham, MBC / Petition of Thaxter to retain Indian MAC 30:234, 1676/77 boy given him by Capt. B Church; granted 234a 18 Jan. Two hostile Indians sold MBC / Daniel Gookin petitions that Zachary Abram MAC, 30:235 1676/77 and other friendly Indians have a share in sale of two hostile Indians they captured [no response evident] 18 Jan. 7 captives of Capt. James Rumneymarsh MBC / Indian captives left in Medfield because of MAC, 30:235a-c 1676/77 (Anahahawut and his wife, frozen feet, unable to travel Quoskekoowunnit and his wife, Wuttasukkoobauwun, Touquos, Thomas, Betannom, Wawaeohton) and 4 captives of Capt. Peter Ephraim (two unnamed men, Soxenoh's wife, and three children) 26 Jan. One Indian man, one Indian woman Gen. Josiah PC / Winslow pays £10 to purchase man and woman James Otis Sr. 1676/77 Winslow from Lieut. [MS torn] Papers, Box 1, MHS 7 Feb. Scinnae’s wife and 2 children CC / Council orders wife and 2 children returned to CCR, 2:485 1676/77 Scinnae “according to their earlier promise” 7 Feb. Scinnae’s other child Nath: Butlar CC / Owaneco and Scinnae’s wife placed her child CCR, 2:485 1676/77 with Nath: Butlar “for yeares” and “is there to continue” 7 Feb. “some Indians formerly disposed to Major Major CC / Given to Abackickwood and “other leading CCR, 2:486 1676/77 Palmes” who purchased them from Mr. Palmes Narragansett Indians” in exchange for other enemy Stanton Indians they had captured, “the former being their kindred, as Mr. Standton alledgeth” 7 Feb. “a squa of the enemie” Daniel the CC / Council requests Mr. Palmes to give “a squa of CCR, 2:486 1676/77 Pequot the enemie” to Daniel the Pequot 7-8 Feb. 3 Indians Capt. George CC / “The Councill doe grant that those three Indians CCR, 2:487 1675/76 Denison now wth Capt. Denison, be continued wth him; he allowing for them as others doe that receive them” 7-8 Feb. Maid and old woman Ninigret’s CC / Surrenderers granted to her by Council as CCR, 2:486 1677 daughter promised by Committee at Norwich previous Dec. 7-8 Feb, Mattasquae (Philip’s sister) Uncas CC / Council notes she is with Uncas CCR, 2:487 1676/77 7-8 Feb, Pawbewonckenuck, alias Harry (Philip’s Uncas CC / Council notes he is with Uncas CCR, 2:487 1676/77 captain) 13 17 Feb. Surrenderers Uncas CC / Council permits Uncas to keep them until Court CCR, 2:488 1676/77 “orders their disposal” 20 Feb. “Indians”: Joseph, Anthony, Stephen, John, King Charles Tangier / Galley slaves in Tangiers, delivered to YIPP, 1677 James, Daniel, Robin, Joseph, John the II’s Bagnio at Henry Sheere on 20 Feb. 1677 by Sr Palmes Fairborn, 1677.02.20.00 Father, John the Sonne Tangiers Commander in Chief, by order of Navy Board “transferr’d to me for the Service of his [Majesties’] Mole” 26 Feb. An Indian man MBC / Money due to John Hunter (Indian) from sale MAC, 30:236 1676/77 of his brother-in-law, who he brought in

9 April Indian girl, 12 years old Samuel MBC / Petition to be allowed to keep Indian girl he MAC, 30:236b 1677 Lynde purchased before order prohibited keeping or entertaining Indians in colony [see 24 Aug. 1676] 7 May Indian boy, 12 or 13 years old Stephen MBC / Petition to be allowed to keep his Indian MAC, 30:239 1677 Burton servant he had kept a year before order prohibited keeping or entertaining Indians in colony [no response evident] 7 May 3 Indian servants to be sold Henry Crane MBC / Crane petitions for more time to dispose and MAC, 30:239a 1677 send away his 3 Indian servants, in response to government order that inhabitants send away any Indians over 12 years. Petition denied 25 May Indian woman [Sarah Dijuponyou, see 4 George MBC / Danson petitions to keep Indian woman they MAC, 30:167a 1677 Nov. 1679] Danson and had purchased from colony treasurer John Hull a wife year previously [no response evident] 13 July Popanooie, wife and children PC / Plymouth Colony sentences Popanooie, wife PCR, 5:244 1677 and children to perpetual servitude; Popanooie to be sold out of the country 30 July Two Indians Robin CC / The two surrendering Indians are kin to Robin CCR, 2:500 1677 Cassasinamo and Daniel, who ask for their lives to be spared and n and Daniel assigned to them; granted 15 Sept. Jamus Joseph Bull CC / Had run away from master Joseph Bull, “and CCR, 2:505 1677 was flying (with others) out of the country, and hath been many moneths absent.” Placed in perpetual service to Bull and “to be sold out of country if he runs away again” 14 1677? Indian servants at Norwich CC / English suspect Christian Indians enticed them HAcc, 522 to run away 1677 2 Indians MBC / Taken captive in King Philip's War, sold at MAC, 30:492; Fayal, later redeemed by Bernard Trott DHSM, 23:1 15 Feb. Tom Indian Thomas CC / Tom, late servant to Roger Smith, binds himself EHR, 1:410-411 1677/78 James as apprentice to Thomas James for 3 1/2 years 4 May 29 men and their families: Kockanampauit CC / KP War surrenderers settled at Shawtucket with YIPP, 1678 and his family; Wintahamon &c; Uxscean; consent of Norwich settlers 1678.05.04.00 Mashantup &c; Patakeet &c; Naushanshak &c; Oushpeenou &c; Noquittemaug; Kottinni &c; Mattawaushk; Nuntewawus; Pamberook &c; wamtanemaug &c; ousenoo &c; Sunkelaupun &c; Webekunck &c; Webequiun &c; Kitchemoo; Waaessit &c; manaatch &c; washashup &c; Auwussemaug &c; mattakumpaui; Queecumin; Paapeeunguenunt &c; Akompanit &c; yauwantuck &c; waaguinegutt; massalunit. 4 May “Considerable more abiding with Uncas – CC / KP War surrenderers settled with Uncas YIPP, 1678 who doubtles are wiling to come and settle 1678.05.04.00 wth the other’s but are meerly hinder’d by Uncus.” 4 May “Uncus & the Moheeg’s doe comonly say CC / KP War surrenderers settled with Pequots and YIPP, 1678 that there are many surrenderers amongs’t Narragansets 1678.05.04.00 the Pequott’s – and- the Narragansett’s.” 5 May Indian servant Mr. Plumb of CC / Mentions Indian servant hidden for several days YIPP, 1678 New London by Owaneco, delivered back to Mr. Plumb on 1678.05.05.00 payment of 20s; difficulty of keeping Indian servants because of “falsnes” of Uncas 5 May Female Indian servant Ensigne Post CC / Mentions female Indian servant lured away YIPP, 1678 from Post and hidden by Uncas 1678.05.05.00 5 May Keweebhunt, Koawalk, Maukechakeman, Uncas CC / Mentions Indian surrenderers still held by Uncas YIPP, 1678 Kohsequunnont, “who are heades of after his promise to deliver them to Shawtuckket by 1678.05.05.00 families, - and- many more whose names in Sept. Claims Uncas killed one of headmen at time may be knowen” Shawtukket 15 1678 Suckquuns “one of the prisoners vizt the CC / Imprisoned in CT YIPP, young fellow” 1678.07.00.00 1678 Keeweekhunt “one of the prisoners” CC / Imprisoned in CT YIPP, 1678.07.00.00 1678 Two Nipmuck women belonging to Uncas CC / With Uncas’s Mohegans YIPP, 1678.07.00.00 1678 Indian surrenderers in Newport and RIC / Court orders them to be disposed of for the RICR, 3:23 Portsmouth benefit of each town 5 Feb. Indian boy Holbrook MBC / “An Indian boy of Holbrook’s dyed of the pox” 1st Church 1678/79 Roxbury, RCBR March Sister of John Sassamon Joseph PC / Redeemed by William Ahaton on payment of £5 PCR, 10:366 1678/79 Burges March Indian boy George MBC / Petitions for reimbursement for Indian boy MAC, 30:244 1678/79 Speere sold to him by Hull [see 23 Sept. 1676], removed by [Sphere] of Council and returned to Indians after 2 years training Braintree "for my service." Reimbursement granted 20 March Samuel [Joseph?] and Jeremiah Hyde Jonathan PC / To be redeemed by Samuel [Joseph?] and PCR, 10:366; 1678/79 [Hide]'s niece and her child Hatch of Jeremiah Hyde [Hide] on payment of purchase price MAC, 30:221 Saconeeset [see 25 Aug. 1676] 18 April Indian girl Mr. Dudley MBC / "An Indian girl of Mr Dudly, neer well of a pox, 1st Church 1679 fell a bleeding & bled to death” Roxbury, RCBR 1 July Young Indian called Pegge Benjamin MBC / Included in sale of real estate, animals, and 3 SD, 11:293 1679 Gibbs Negro slaves to Joshua Scottow 13 Sept. 1 Indian boy Samuel MBC / Included in sale of land to John Harwood SD, 11:227 1679 Shrimpton 4 Nov. Sarah Dijuponyou [see 25 May 1677] George MBC / Ran away from Boston to Warwick, RIC. 2nd SCR, 1086-1092; 1679 Danson time she ran away, was held by Henry Elliot who MAC, 30:167a (Dawson) allegedly beat her and forced her to work for him; George Danson sued for her to be brought back June 1680 Ann, Indian woman servant Mr. Samuel MBC / Mentioned in fornication case against William ECR, 7:410 Gardner Rane, reputed father of her child; Rane ordered to pay Gardner 3s/week for upbringing of child 25 Aug. Young Indian Thomas MBC / Indian bound out to Thomas Savage, formerly MAC, 2:56 1680 Savage lived with Mr. Braddock of Stonington, ran away, said to be in RIC 16 Oct. 1681 Jane, Indian servant William MBC / Whipped 20 stripes for stealing linen from AIRIC, 112 Penney master Oct. 1682 5 Indians Thomas MBC / Mary Savage sues Thomas Savage et al for AIRIC, 39 Savage £100 for "withholding 5 Indians" 15 Feb Thomas Aguon, Punkapoag MBC / charged with treachery, sold out of country in MAC, 30:278 1683/4 KP War; price £7 March Jesse Indian MBC / Judicial slavery: Convicted of horse stealing; AIRIC, 121 1683/84 to pay £20 to horse's owner or be sold 27 Nov. "A vessel carried away a great number of Tangier / John Eliot to Robert Boyle: "Finally, she left MHSC, 1st ser., 1683 our surprised Indians, in the time of our them at Tangier; there they be, so many as live, or 3:183 wars, to sell them for slaves" are born there" Dec. 1684 Scicely, 10-year-old Indian servant girl MBC / Raped by Thomas Keeny, Negro servant to MdsxCR, 3:219 John Wiman Dec. 1684 Indian servant Edward Joseph, 15 years old Benjamin MBC / Andrew Pittimee and others plea for his MdsxCR, 4:156- Mills of release. Case referred to next session. If Mills cannot 157 Dedham give reason to keep the boy, he will be released on payment of £3 by friends [see 1694? entry] 18 Nov. Indian woman speaking the Mohawk tongue Richard MBC / Woman taken captive, sold to Richard SD, 13:202-204 1684 Wharton Wharton. Ransomed by Andrew Pittimee, still unable to pay, so he sells 500 acres in Nipmuc Country to Richard Wharton 10 Dec. Tom Wampetucke MBC / judicial slavery: sold out of country for a Bangs, 350 1684 crime. Later redeemed by South Sea Indians 30 May Daughter of Peter Freeman, Indian of MBC / Court orders that Peter be given 2 English MAC, 30:304a; 1685 Narrahenset coats, 2 pairs stockings, 2 pairs shoes, a white shirt, MCR, 5:477 £5 in money "to carry him home." Major General ordered "to informe himselfe where his said daughter is in captivity, unto whom, & to" secure her freedom 4 July "A Indian maid named Isbell" (indentured) Capt. George MBC / "goods allowed to Mrs. Elizabeth Corwin, Curwen Papers, 1685 Corwin relict of Capt. George Corwin" of Salem ser. 1, B1 F3, Phillips Library, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Mass. 17 7 Aug. Joseph Indian MBC / Judicial slavery: Convicted of assault and AIRIC, 127 1685 battery; to pay fine of 20s within 14 days or be sold to the plantations for 4 years 27 April George Patrick, Indian MBC / Judicial slavery: convicted of stealing goods. AIRIC, 131-133 1686 To pay treble damages of £33:13:9 to owners within 10 days or be sold out of country for 7 years 2 Oct. Sagamore George, redeemed from foreign MBC / Daniel Tookuwompait and Thomas Wauban ILT, 10 1686 slavery in Barbados [?] testify that "Sagamore George when he came from Barbados he lived Sometime and dyed at ye house of James Rumley March" 5 Oct. Thomas, "an Indian and very useful Servant Mr. Oliver MBC / Hanged himself in brewhouse DSS, 179 1688 of Mr. Oliver" 1688 Warrant connected with the theft of an MBC SCF, #2504 Indian girl and Indian youth 31 Dec. Sarah Brimluck, Indian MBC / Runs away from mistress AIRIC, 131-133 1689 1689/90 Harry Indian, servant James Blood MBC / Judicial slavery: sold for stealing. Harry had Middlesex Court previously been apprenticed to David Wyman of Folios, 1689/90- Woburn in Dec. 1675 for 15 years 131, MA 13 Sept. Indian servants MBC / Runaway Indian servants noted DSS, 266 1690 1690 "Servant Shumackpock; evidently an Indian” Samuel Wethersfield, CC / Wolcott complained of for HAW, 1:700 Wolcott beating Shumackpock 20 Nov. Indians John and Job George CC / Capt. George Denison wills John ("whom I Wheeler, 712 1693 Denison bought of the country") and Job ("which was born in our house") to son William Denison 1694? Edward Joseph Benjamin MBC / George Maneskoue and rulers of Natick Ayer NA, ms 586, Mills petition for release of Edward Joseph, servant to Newberry Mills since 1685, because of great neglect, ask he be Library, Chicago, delivered to care of his brother George Maumscau Ill. [no response listed] [see Dec. 1684 entry] 1697 Indian master of Hannah Dustin Rowlandson MBC / Mentioned, once a servant to the Salisbury, 50 family Rowlandsons in Lancaster circa 1700 "Indian girl Lettis" Col. Chester CC / Servant in Wethersfield HAW, 1:701 28 Oct. Hagar, Indian girl John CC / Bought by John Harriman of New Haven Sibley, 2:220 18 1701 Harriman March "two Indian girls named Sue and Dinah" Fitz-John CC / Winthrop leaves the Indian girls to his daughter WP, 5:415 1701/02 Winthrop Mary Livingston in his will

Jan. Indian captives taken in Queen Anne's War RIC / RIC govt. orders that any captives taken by RICR, 3:482-483 1703/04 Mass. Province who enter RIC be sold out of the country to prevent "stirring up other Indians in said Collony, to do mischief." Some were let free or "suffered to go at liberty under the pretence of being bought as servants" 9 Nov. John Manasses Thomas MBC / Smith requests pay for his Indian servant who MAC, 30:499a 1704 Smith served in expedition to the Eastward in 1696 [see 24 Aug. 1676 and 23 Sept. 1676, Thomas Smith] Jan. 1709 Peter, "My own Indian boy" Benjamin MBC / Baptized in Boston Brattle Street Colman Church, RCBR 2 July Indian boy Eunice MBC / Bequeathed to Eunice Willard of Boston by MAC, 17:269 1711 Willard her son's will 25 March Mehetabel "an Indian Girl" (indentured) Master Little PC / Indentured when about 7 years old, on 6 April MHSC, 6th ser., 1712 1693, to John Otis of Barnstable for 13 years and 3 1:423-424 months 15 Sept. Indian woman Florence MBC / Listed in the estate of Florence Maccarty MAC, 17:306 1712 Maccarty 1713 Indian girl Lewis Hunt Salem, MBC / "Indian girl" listed as part of Lewis Vickers, 121 Hunt's estate 29 April Carolina Indian woman and three children Samuel PC / Sold at Plymouth, contrary to law of 23 Aug. SSD, 712 1713 Penhallow, 1712 master of ship Neptune 6 Oct. Tobie an Indian Ebeneezer CC / Johnson testifies that he bought Tobie from a MPMRC, Mss 48 1713 Johnson Mohegan Indian in 1676. Tobie lived with him 12 years "and is now and has bin a free man ever senc" 13 April Sam Toon, "Servant to Capt. Church, and our Capt. Church PC / Accidentally drowned at Sandwich, about age SSD, 755 1714 Landlord Willard" and Mr. 26. Church and Willard "gave £24 for him" Willard 25 Jan. Jane, "an Indian woman who belongs to Joseph MBC / Birth of Rose recorded in Boston Old South 19 1718/19 Joseph Sewell," and Rose, her child Sewell Church, RCBR 1719 "Squaw slave" Rev. Elisha Wethersfield, CC / Children born to "Squaw slave," HAW, 1:700-701 Williams recorded in 1715 and 1717

4 Nov. Indian woman freed MBC / Samuel Sewall notes "discourse about the SSD, 966 1720 Indian woman that obtained her Freedom this Court" 1721 Peleg and Dorcas, Indian children Thomas Nantucket, MBC / Bunker leaves Peleg, valued at Chaves, 66 Bunker £20, and Dorcas, valued at £10, to his wife June Indian woman servant Mrs. Nichols RIC / Indian woman servant dies at Coaster's Harbor JCD, 108 1730? of smallpox 1735 Indian boy Joshua Nantucket, MBC / boy, valued at £30, left in will of Chaves, 66 Sevolle Joshua Sevolle 1748 Indian servant Daniel Folger Nantucket, MBC / servant, valued at £60, left in will Chaves, 66 of Daniel Folger 24 June Indentured servant "Indian woman Mary" Thomas Stonington, CC / Thomas Wheeler inventory lists, in Wheeler, 734 1755 Wheeler addition to 9 Negro slaves, three servants: a mulatto boy, mulatto girl, and "1 servant Indian woman Mary," valued at £1:13:4

Abbreviations: CC Connecticut Colony MBC Massachusetts Bay Colony PC Plymouth Colony RIC Rhode Island and Providence Plantations Colony

Sources: AIRIC Abstract and Index of the Records of the Inferiour Court of Pleas (Suffolk County Court) Held at Boston 1680-1698 (Boston: Historical Records Survey, 1940). Bangs Jeremy Dupertuis Bangs, ed., Indian Deeds: Land Transactions in Plymouth Colony, 1620-1691 (Boston: NEHGS, 2002). Chaves Kelly K. Chaves, “Before the First Whalemen: The Emergence and Loss of Indigenous Maritime Autonomy in New England, 1672- 1740,” NEQ (March 2014): 46-71. CCR J. Hammond Trumbull, ed., Public Records of the Colony of Connecticut, 3 vols. (Hartford: F.A. Brown, 1852). CSPC W. Noel Sainsbury and J. W. Fortescue, eds., Calendar of State Papers, Colonial Series, America and West Indies, 16 vols. (Vaduz: Kraus Reprint Ltd., 1964). 20 DHSM James Phinney Baxter, ed., Documentary History of the State of Maine, in Collections of the Maine Historical Society, 2nd ser. DKPW Benjamin Church, Diary of King Philip's War, 1675-76, eds. Alan and Mary Simpson (Chester, CT: Pequot Press, 1975). ECR Records and Files of the Quarterly Courts of Essex County, Massachusetts (Salem, Massachusetts: The Essex Institute, 1913). EHR Records of the Town of East-Hampton, 2 vols. (Sag Harbor, NY: John H. Hunt, printer, 1887). HAcc Daniel Gookin, An Historical Account of the Doings and Sufferings of the Christian Indians in New England, in the Years 1675, 1676, 1677, in Archaeologia Americana, Transactions and Collections of the American Antiquarian Society 2 (1836): 430-532. HAW Sherman Wolcott Adams and Henry Reed Stiles, History of Ancient Wethersfield, Connecticut, 2 vols. (New York: Grafton Press, 1904). ILT Sidney Perley, The Indian Land Title of Essex County, Massachusetts (Salem: Essex Book and Print Club, 1913). JCD The Diary of John Comer, ed. C. Edwin Barrows (Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1892). JHLB John Hull Letter Book, 1670-1685, transcript by Florence Berlin, secretary to Samuel Eliot Morison, in 1930, American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts. MeHS Maine Historical Society, Portland, Maine. MA Massachusetts State Archives, Columbia Point, Massachusetts. MAC Massachusetts Archives Collection, MA. MCR Nathaniel B. Shurtleff, ed., Records of the Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, 6 vols. (Boston: William White, 1854). MdsxCR Middlesex Court Records, transcribed by David Pulsifer, Massachusetts State Archives, Columbia Point, Massachusetts. MHS Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston, Massachusetts. MHSC Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society. MPMRC Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center, Special Collections, Mashantucket, Connecticut. PCR David Pulsifer, ed., Records of the Colony of New Plymouth (New York: AMS Press, 1968). RCBR Robert J. Dunkle and Ann S. Lainhart, tr., The Records of the Churches of Boston and the First Church, Second Parish, and Third Parish of Roxbury, CD-ROM (Boston: NEHGS, 2001). RICR Records of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 10 vols. (Providence: A Crawford Greene and Brother, 1856). Salisbury Neal Salisbury, ed., The Sovereignty and Goodness of God, by Mary Rowlandson, with Related Documents (Boston: Bedford Books, 1997). Saltonstall Nathaniel Saltonstall, "The Present State of New-England with Respect to the Indian War, by N.S., 1675," in Charles H. Lincoln, ed., Narratives of the Indian Wars, 1675-1699 (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1952 [1913]). SCF Suffolk Court Files, MA. SCR Records of the Suffolk County Court, 1671-1680, 2 vols., Publications of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, vols. 29-30 (Boston: Colonial Society of Massachusetts, 1933). SD John Tyler Hassam, ed., Suffolk Deeds (Boston: 1899). Sibley John Langdon Sibley, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, 3 vols. (Cambridge: Charles William Sever, 1873-1885). SSD The Diary of Samuel Sewall, 1674-1729, M. Halsey Thomas, ed. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1973). TNA The National Archives, Kew, England, UK.

21 Vickers Vickers, Daniel, with Vince Walsh, Young Men and the Sea: Yankee Seafarers in the Age of Sail (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2005). WFPT Winthrop Family Papers [transcripts], MHS. Wheeler Richard Anson Wheeler, History of the Town of Stonington (Mystic, Conn.: L. Verry, 1966). WP The Winthrop Papers, 6 vols. (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 1929-). YIPP Paul Grant-Costa and Tobias Glaza, eds., The New England Indian Papers Series, Yale University Library Digital Collections, http://findit.library.yale.edu/yipp