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American Prisoners of War in Southeast Asia, Hearings, 1970

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American Prisoners of War in Southeast Asia, Hearings, 1970 AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, 1970 HEARINGS BEFORE ,THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-FIRST CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 29, MAY 1, 6, 1970 Printed far the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 46-301 0 WASHINGTON : 1970 COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS THOMAS E. MORGAN, Pennsylvania, Chairman CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin E. ROSS ADAIR, Indiana WAYNE L. HAYS, Ohio WILLIAM S. MAILLIARD, California L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina PETER H. B. FRELINGHUYSEN, New Jersey DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD, Michiga LEONARD FARBSTEIN, New Pork J. IRVING WHALLEY, Pennsylvania CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR..Michigan H. R. GROSS, Iowa WILLIAM T. MURPHY, Illinois E. Y. BERRY, South Dakota CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER, New Jersey EDWARD J. DERWINSKI. Illinois ROBERT N. C. NIX. Pennsvlvania F. BRADFORD MORSE. Massachusetts JOHN S. MONAGAN, ~onILecticut VERNON W. THOMSON, Wisconsin DONALD M. FRASER, Minnesota JAMES G. FULTON, Pennsylvania BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL, New Pork PAUL FINDLEY, Illinois EDWARD R. ROYBAL, California JOHN BUCHANAN, Alabama JOHN C. CULVER, Iowa ROBERT TAFT, JR., Ohio LEE H. HAMILTON, Indiana SHERMAN P. LLOYD, Utah JOHN V. TUNNEY, California J. HERBERT BURKE, Florida ABRAHAM KAZEN, JR., Texas WILLIAM V. ROTH, JR., Delaware LESTER L. WOLFF, New York JONATHAN B. BINGHAM, New York GUS PATRON, Pennsylvania BOYD CRAWPORD,Staff Administrator ROY J. BULLOCK,Senior Staff Consultant ALBERT C. F. WESTPHAL, Staff Consultant FRANKLINJ. SCHUPP, Staff Consultant HARRY C. CROMER,Staff Consultant PHILIPB. BILLINGS, Staff Consultant MARIANA. CZARNECKI,Staff C'onaultant MELVIN 0. BENSON,Staff Consultant EVERETTE. BIERMAN,Staff Consultant JOHN J. BRADY,Jr., Staff Consultant JOHN H. SULLIVAN,Star Consultant ROBERTJ. BOWEN,Clerical Assistant JUNE NIGH, Senior Staff Assistant HELENC. MATTAS,Staff Assistant HELEN L. HASHAGEN,Staff Assistant LonIsE O'BRIEN, Sta# Assistant DORAB. MCCRACKEN,Staff Assietant JEANE. S~~ITH,Staff Assistant NANCYC. PEDEN,Stag Assistant PAULA L. PEAK, Staff Assistant DIANEGALLAGHER, Star Assistant SUBCOMMITTEEON NATIOKALSECURITY POLICY AND SCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTB [To deal with all matters affecting our foreign relations that concern matters of national security and scientific developments affecting foreign policy, including the national space program, mutual defense, and the operation of our high strategy generally] CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI, Wisconsin, Chairman WAYNE L. HAYS, Ohio VERNON W. THOMSON, Wisconsin ROBERT N. C. NIX, Pennsylvania WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD, Michigan L. H. FOUNTAIN, North Carolina PAUL FINDLEY, IIlLILOIs CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER, New Jersey JAMES G. FULTON, Pennsylvania DONALD M. FRASER, Minnesota ROBERT TAFT, JR., Ohio JOHN H. SULLIVAN,Stag Consultant JUNE NIGH, Senior Star Assistant CONTENTS LIST OF WITNESSES Wednesday, April 29, 1970: Page Dole, Hon. Robert J., a U.S. Senator from the State of Kansas ------ Johnson, Mrs. Bruce G., Salina, Kans----____-----_-_-_-----_-_--- Rivers, Hon. L. Mendel, a Representative in Congress from the State of South Carolina, and chairman, Committee on Armed Services, House of Representatives ----- --- --- - - -- - - - - - - - --- - - - - ---- - -- - Friday, May 1, 1970: Denton, Mrs. Jane, Virginia Beach, Va -----_----------___--__--_- Dole, Hon. Robert J., a U.S. Senator from the State of Kansas ----- Kushner, Mrs. F. Harold, Danville, Va---__-------_-_-_----------- Perot, H. Ross, Dallas, Tex ..................................... Ramsay, Mrs. Lorraine, Jacksonville, N.C-- - - - - - - ---- - - __-- ---- - - Stockdale, Mrs. Sybil, Coronado, Calif -----------------_-__--_-_- Wood, Mrs. Karen, Tucson, Ariz., and Waunakee, Wis --_----__-_-- Wednesday, May 6, 1970: Eaton, Ramone S., vice president, American National Red Cross- _ -- Nutter, Hon. G. Warren, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Inter- national Security Affairs -------- ------- ....................... Sieverts, Frank, special assistant to the Under Secretary for Prisoners of War Affairs, Department of State ........................... Sullivan, Hon. William H., Deputy Assistant Secretary, Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs, Department of State-------___--- STATEMENTS AND MEMORANDUMS SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD Text of House Concurrent Resolution 454, calling for the humane treatment and release of American prisoners of war held by North Vietnam and the National Liberation Front------------_--------------------------- Letters to Hon. Clement J. Zablocki, chairman, Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments, from Departments of State and Defense and American National Red Cross, relative to use made of House Concurrent Resolution 454- - - --- --------------- ------------ Text of House Concurrent Resolution 582, providing that May 1, 1970, be commemorated as a day for appeal for international justice for all American prisoners of war and servicemen missing in action in Southeast Asla-----_--_-------------------------------------------------- Correspondence between Mrs. Bruce G. Johnson and representatives of North Vietnam and the National Liberation Front, concerning Maj. Bruce B.Johnson------------__------------------------------------ Memorandum submitted by Department of Defense concerning determina- tion of death regarding missing personnel ------_--------- ------- ---- Memorandum supplied by Department of Defense on servicemen's benefits for missing in action and prisoner-of-war families .................... Memorandum submitted by Department of Defense on difference between missing and prisoner status with regard to family entitlements- - - - - - -- Statement of Mrs. Gordon Perish~,mother of Lt. Comdr. G. S. Perish~, missing in action- - -_----------- -------------------------- ------- Article by Max Vanzi (UPI), Phnom Penh, Cambodia entitled "Women WeepIWhile Guards Laughw-------------------------------------- Statement of Prof. J. B. Neilands, Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, concerning interview with prisoners of war- - - - page Statement of Committee of Liaison With Families of Servicemen Detained in North Vietnam, relative to prisoners of war, North Vietnam------ -- 118 Text of House Concurrent Resolution 499, relative to American prisoners of war------_-----__----------------------- 127 Study conducted for United We Stand, Gallup International, February 1970, entitled "Attitudes of the U.S. Public Regarding North Vietnamese Treatment of American Prisoners of War and Related Vietnam Issues"- 128 Text of statements by Minister Habib on the prisoner-of-war issue at the Paris peacetalks-------------------~--~~131- Poem entitled "How Long" (Prisoners' Lament) by E. C. and Lois P. Mills, Bakersfield, Calif .......................................... 148 AMERICAN PRISONERS OF WAR IN SOUTHEAST ASIA, 1970 WEDNESDAY, APRIL 29, 1970 HOUSEOF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEEON FOREIGNAFFAIRS, COMMITTEEON NATIONALSEC~TY POLICYAND SCIENTIFICDEVELOPMENTS, Washington, D.C. The subcommittee met at 10:05 a.m. .in room 2255, Rayburn House Office Building, Hon. Clement J. Zablocki (chairman of the subcom- mittee) presiding. Mr. ZBBLOCKI.The subcommittee will please come to order. This is the first in a series of hearings which the Subcommittee on National Security Policy and Scientific Developments is holding on the problem of American prisoners of war in Vietnam. Last November, this subcommittee also held hearings on the pris- oner of war issue. As the result of those hearings, we drafted and reported out a resolution calling on Hanoi to live up to the require- ments of the Geneva Convention on prisoners of war and provide humane treatment for American military personnel they hold captive. At this point I would like to introduce the text of that resolution into the record, without objection. (The text follows:) [H.Con.Res. 454,9lst Cong., second sess.] CON~WRENTRESOLUTION Whereas more than one thousand three hundred members of the United States Armed Forces are prisoners of war or missing in action in Southeast Asia; and Whereas North Vietnam and the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam have refused to identify prisoners they hold, to allow impartial inspection of camps, to permit free exchange of mail between prisoners and their families, to release seriously sick or injured prisoners, and to negotiate seriously for the release of all prisoners and thereby have violated the requirement d the 1949 Geneva Convention on prisoners of war, which North Vietnam ratified in 1957; and Whereas the twenty-first International Conference of the Red Cross, meeting in Istanbul, Turkey, on September 13, 1969, adopted by a vote of 114 to 0 a resolution calling on all parties to armed conflicts to ensure humane treatment of prisoners of war and to prevent violations of the Geneva Convention; and Whereas the United SUates has continuously observed the requirements of the Geneva Convention in the treatment of prisoners of war; and Whereas the United States Government has repeatedly appealed to North Vietnam and the National Liberation Front to comply with the provisions of the Geneva Convention : Now, therefore, be it Resoked by the House of Representatives (the Semate colwurri.ng), That the Congress strongly protests the treatment of United States servicemen held Prisoner by North Vietnam and the National Liberation Front of South Viet- (1) nam, calls on them to comply with the requirements of the Geneva Convention, and approves
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