Illustrations

0.1 Ai Weiwei, Working Progress (Fountain of Light), 2007 6 0.2 Vladimir Tatlin, Monument to the Third International, 1920 7 0.3 Ai Weiwei, Working Progress (Fountain of Light), 2007, floating beside Tate Liverpool 9 0.4 Still from Tatlin’s Tower – Monument to the Third International, 1999 13 1.1 Poster advertising the Tatlin production of Zangezi in Petrograd, 1923 39 1.2 Cover of the Russian stenographic edition of the proceedings of the Baku Congress, 1920 42 1.3 Cover of the first edition ofZangezi , 1922 55 1.4 A sample sketch of the set design for the Tatlin production of Zangezi 57 1.5 Image from Tatlin’s 1923 production of Zangezi 58 1.6 Front cover of Nikolai Punin’s brochure Monument to the Third International (Petrograd, 1920) 59 4.1 Josep Renau’s posters for Chapaev and We Are from Kronstadt 148 4.2 Overview of Soviet cinema’s trajectory in Nuestro Cinema, 1933 154 5.1 Tarsila do Amaral, The Fisherman (O pescador), 1925 186 5.2 Tarsila do Amaral, cover design for Where the Proletarian Leads ... (Osorio César), 1932 187 5.3 Tarsila do Amaral, Labourers (Operários), 1933 189 7.1 Engraving from Camille Flammarion, L’atmosphère: Météorologie populaire, 1888 248 8.1 “Street theatre” described in four languages, Jinri Zhongguo (China Today), 1939 256 8.2 Cover of the Shenbao Weekly Supplement, 7 March 1937 265 8.3 Pictorial insert in Zhonghua huabao (The China Pictorial), 1938 270 x Illustrations

8.4 Public performance of Put Down Your Whip, 1939 273 9.1 Poster for the Syndicalist Party during the Spanish Civil War 301 9.2 Poster advertising the International Brigades 304 10.1 Langston Hughes, “Johannesburg Mines” (typescript) 319 10.2 Viktor Koretsky, “Men and Women Workers of All Countries and Oppressed Colonies Raise the Banner of Lenin” poster, 1932 329 11.1 Still from Episode 3 of Blek end uait, 1932 353 11.2 Nikolai Ekk’s film script based on Mayakovsky’s poem “Blek end uait,” 1930 357 11.3 “Black Hatred,” an article on lynching in the United States, in Nikolai Ekk’s film script 358 11.4 Actor Kador Ben-Salim in Black Skin, 1931 360 11.5 Stills from Episode 2 of Blek end uait, 1932 363 11.6 Vladimir Mayakovsky, ROSTA poster, 1921 364 11.7 Stills from Episode 2 of Blek end uait, 1932 367 11.8 Still from Episode 2 of Blek end uait, 1932 368 11.9 Final stills from Episode 2 of Blek end uait, 1932 369 11.10 Stills from Episode 3 of Blek end uait, 1932 370 11.11 Stills from Episode 3 of Blek end uait, 1932 373 11.12 Still from closing credits of Blek end uait, 1932 374 11.13 Front pages of Komsomol’skaia pravda and Trud, August 1930 375 11.14 Imagery of the Scottsboro trials in the Soviet press, 1931 377 11.15 Stills from Episode 3 of Blek end uait, 1932 379 12.1 “A Conversation from Life: Two Can Play the Game,” Freedom, May 1953 393 12.2 Freedom, January 1954 395 12.3 “A Conversation from Life,” Freedom, January 1954 396 12.4 Freedom, December 1952 399 12.5 Freedom, October 1951 404 12.6 “A Conversation from Life: The ‘Many Others’ in History,”Freedom , February 1952 406 12.7 A drawing of Paul Robeson by Charles White on the front page of Freedom, February 1952 407 12.8 “A Conversation from Life,” Freedom, January 1953 411 12.9 “Anniversary Greetings from Readers,” Freedom, January 1953 412 14.1 Lyubov Popova and Aleksandr Vesnin’s proposal for “Struggle and Victory,” 1921 451 14.2 Anton Lavinsky, schematic drawings of the city of the future, 1923 453 14.3 Aleksandr Rodchenko, book covers and mobile billboards, 1923 454 14.4 Mies van der Rohe, monument to Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, 1926 455 Illustrations xi

14.5 Grigory Shegal, Stalin at the Second Congress of Collective Farm Shock Workers, 1935 458 14.6 Official pass to the Second Congress of Collective Farm Shock Workers, 1935 459 14.7 Frame from Grigory Aleksandrov’s filmThe Shining Path, 1940 461 14.8 Kazimir Malevich’s Arkhitekton Gota; Boris Iofan’s proposal for the Soviet pavilion at the 1937 International Exhibition of Arts and Technology in Modern Life 462 14.9 Cartoon from the French newspaper Candid, 15 July 1937 463 14.10 Mural in the Soviet pavilion at the 1939 New York World’s Fair 464 14.11 Aleksei Shchusev, Komsomol’skaia underground subway station and ceiling fragment, 1952 467 14.12 Dan Flavin, 1964 468 15.1 “The Radio Network on Wave 29.8” (article); John Heartfield’sThe Voice of Freedom in the German Night on Radio Wave 29.8 (photo- montage), 1937 479 16.1 New Worker Art Troupe performance, 1 May 2004 507 16.2 Xu Duo singing in Grass Stage’s World Factory in Shenzhen, 22 November 2014 512 16.3 Grass Stage’s World Factory in Shenzhen, 22 November 2014 513 16.4 Actors marching in Grass Stage’s World Factory in Shenzhen, 22 November 2014 515 16.5 Actors as assembly-line workers in Grass Stage’s World Factory in Shenzhen, 22 November 2014 519