DOCSLIB.ORG

Success Is Achieved and Maintained by Those Who Keep Trying." - by Napoleon Hill

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Success Is Achieved and Maintained by Those Who Keep Trying. The essence of mathematics is not to make simple things complicated, but to make complicated things simple. “Success is achieved and maintained by those who keep trying." - by Napoleon Hill • The most powerful weapon on earth is the human soul on fire. -- Ferdinand Foch • Make your mistakes work for you by learning from them. -- Donald Trump • If one advances confidently in the directions of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours. -- Henry David Thoreau • Don't worry about things you can't control. • Everybody needs some inspiration, Everybody needs some motivation, mix it up with some imagination, and use your natural gifts. -- The Kinks • Most of us have lives too small for our spirits. -- Studs Terkel • Don't worry about moving slowly, worry about standing still. -- Chinese proverb • Be careful with whom you associate. Loser's rub off! -- Donald Trump • I hope to die young at a very old age. • The real secret of success is enthusiasm. -- Walter Chrysler, entrepreneur • Always give more than what's expected. -- Donald Trump • If we did all the things we were capable of doing, we would literally astound ourselves. -- Thomas Edison • We act as though comfort and luxury were the chief requirements of life, when all that we need to make us really happy is something to be enthusiastic about. -- Charles Kingsley, poet • I'll never reach my destination, If I never try, So I will sail my vessel, 'Til the river runs dry. -- Garth Brooks • Bloom where you are planted. • For the most part I do the thing which my own nature drives me to do. -- Albert Einstein • An activity becomes creative when the doer cares about doing it right, or better. – John Updike, writer • Regret for things we did can be tempered by time; it is regret for the things we did not do that is inconsolable. -- Sydney J. Harris, writer • Do not follow where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail. -- Ralph Waldo Emerson • Money is an article which may be used as a universal passport to everywhere except heaven, and as a universal provider for everything except happiness. -- Wall Street Journal • Work like you don't need money, love like you've never been hurt, and dance like no one's watching. -- U2 • Listen. Don't just wait to talk. -- Donald Trump • Keep away form people who try to belittle your ambitions. Small people always do that, but the really great make you feel that you, too, can become great. -- Mark Twain • Never stop striving, never stop learning, never stop teaching. • Do what's right. • Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one's courage. -- Anaïs Nin • The greatest mistake you can make in life is to be continually fearing you will make one. -- Elbert Hubbard • Neither you nor the world knows what you can do until you have tried. -- Ralph Waldo Emerson • The most difficult thing is to just start the ball rolling. Once it starts, it's actually more difficult to stop it. -- Butch Lovelace • Opportunity is missed by most people because it is dressed in overalls and looks like work. -- Thomas Edison • Work hard. Someone's always watching. -- Donald Trump • So many times people end up fixated on doing things rights, that they end up doing nothing at all. -- The Wright Brothers • Your imagination is a preview to life's coming attractions. -- Albert Einstein • The secret of getting ahead is getting started. • I know of nothing more despicable and pathetic than a man who devotes all the hours of the waking day to the making of money for money's sake. -- John D. Rockefeller • The next time you feel the urge to procrastinate -- just put it off. • The only person who is educated is the one who has learned how to learn and change. -- Carl Rogers and Jerome Freiberg, authors of Freedom to Learn • I'm a great believer in luck, and I find the harder I work the more I have of it. -- Thomas Jefferson • It's not what we do once in a while that shapes our lives. It's what we do consistently. -- Anthony Robbins, best-selling author • A professional writer is an amateur who didn't quit. -- Richard Bach • I've missed 3000 shots. Twenty-six times the game-winning shot has been trusted to me, and I've missed. I've lost over 300 games. I've failed over and over and over again, and that is why I've succeeded. -- Michael Jordan • Fall seven times, stand up eight. -- Japanese proverb • Don't compromise your principles. -- Donald Trump • Many of life's failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. -- Thomas Edison • Never give in. Never. Never. Never. Never. -- Winston Churchill • Great people create great acts of kindness. -- Cervantes • Many of the things you can count don't count. Many of the things you can't count, really count. -- Albert Einstein • You have not lived a perfect day, unless you've done something for someone who will never be able to repay you. -- Ruth Smeltzer • We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give. -- Winston Churchill • Without deviation, progress is not possible. -- Frank Zappa • If you don't have a positive attitude in business and in life, you will never, ever be successful. -- Donald Trump • There's nothing in your life you can't learn from, if you respond with the right attitude. -- Rick Warren • Life is it's most exciting when it's full of possibilities -- Coolmath Karen • The clearer your vision of what you seek, the closer you are to finding it. • If you're not lighting any candles, don't complain about being in the dark. • I will never give in until the day that I die. I'll get myself some independence, carve out a future with my two bare hands. -- The Alarm • It ain't what you don't know that gets you in trouble; it's what you know for sure that ain't so. -- Mark Twain • If at first you don't succeed, you're like everyone else who went on to greatness. -- Patrick Combs • Apply yourself. Get all the education you can, but then, by God, do something. Don't just stand there, make it happen. -- Lee Iacocca, Chairman Chrysler Motors • Don't play for safety -- it's the most dangerous thing in the world. -- Hugh Walpole, writer • Treat people how you want to be treated. -- Donald Trump 1. Success in math does not depend on how many answers you know, but by what you do when you don't know the answer." 2. The most incomprehensible thing about the universe is that it is comprehensible. --Einstein 3. Mathematics is the structure created and/or discovered in the human attempt to solve problems. Randy Maddox 4. "Mathematics is the Queen of the Sciences, and number theory the queen of mathematics.." -- Carl Friedrich Gauss 5. "If one puts an infinite number of monkeys in front of typewriters, and lets them clap away, there is a certainty that one of them will come out with an exact version of the 'Iliad.'" -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb 6. "We've all heard that a million monkeys banging on a million typewriters will eventually reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. Now, thanks to the internet, we know this is not true." -- Professor Robert Silensky 7. "Small minds discuss persons. Average minds discuss events. Great minds discuss ideas. Really great minds discuss mathematics." front of typewriters, and lets them clap away, there is a certainty that one of them will come out with an exact version of the 'Iliad.'" -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb 8. "One machine can do the work of fifty men. No machine can do the work of one extraordinary man." 9. "If I have seen farther than other men, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants." -- Isaac Newton 10. "When I get a little money, I buy books; and if any is left, I buy food and clothes." -- Erasmus 11. "Your work is to discover your work and then with all your heart to give yourself to it." -- Buddha 12. "A mind is a fire to be kindled, not a vessel to be filled." -- Plutarch 13. "The world is not given to you by your parents. It is loaned to you by your children." -- Kenyan proverb 14. "If a man hasn't found something he will die for, he isn't fit to live." -- Martin Luther King, Jr. 15. "In a completely rational society, the best of us would be teachers and the rest of us would have to settle for something less, because passing civilization along from one generation to the next ought to be the highest honor and the highest responsibility anyone could have." -- Lee Iacocca 16. "What happens to you in life is not as important as your attitude toward it." 17. "The second most important job in the world, second only to being a good parent, is being a good teacher." -- S.G. Ellis 18. "The more you know, the less sure you are." -- Voltaire 19. "Well done is better than well said." -- Ben Franklin front of typewriters, and lets them clap away, there is a certainty that one of them will come out with an exact version of the 'Iliad.'" -- Nassim Nicholas Taleb 20. "Perfect numbers like perfect men are very rare." -- Descartes 21. "Mathematics is a more powerful instrument of knowledge than any other that has been bequeathed to us by human agency." -- Descartes 22.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • JM Coetzee and Mathematics Peter Johnston
    1 'Presences of the Infinite': J. M. Coetzee and Mathematics Peter Johnston PhD Royal Holloway University of London 2 Declaration of Authorship I, Peter Johnston, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed: Dated: 3 Abstract This thesis articulates the resonances between J. M. Coetzee's lifelong engagement with mathematics and his practice as a novelist, critic, and poet. Though the critical discourse surrounding Coetzee's literary work continues to flourish, and though the basic details of his background in mathematics are now widely acknowledged, his inheritance from that background has not yet been the subject of a comprehensive and mathematically- literate account. In providing such an account, I propose that these two strands of his intellectual trajectory not only developed in parallel, but together engendered several of the characteristic qualities of his finest work. The structure of the thesis is essentially thematic, but is also broadly chronological. Chapter 1 focuses on Coetzee's poetry, charting the increasing involvement of mathematical concepts and methods in his practice and poetics between 1958 and 1979. Chapter 2 situates his master's thesis alongside archival materials from the early stages of his academic career, and thus traces the development of his philosophical interest in the migration of quantificatory metaphors into other conceptual domains. Concentrating on his doctoral thesis and a series of contemporaneous reviews, essays, and lecture notes, Chapter 3 details the calculated ambivalence with which he therein articulates, adopts, and challenges various statistical methods designed to disclose objective truth.
    [Show full text]
  • Download an Introduction to Mathematics, Alfred North Whitehead, Bibliobazaar, 2009
    An Introduction to Mathematics, Alfred North Whitehead, BiblioBazaar, 2009, 1103197886, 9781103197880, . Introduction to mathematics , Bruce Elwyn Meserve, Max A. Sobel, 1964, Mathematics, 290 pages. Principia mathematica to *56 , Alfred North Whitehead, Bertrand Russell, 1970, Logic, Symbolic and mathematical, 410 pages. Modes of Thought , , Feb 1, 1968, Philosophy, 179 pages. Mathematics , Cassius Jackson Keyser, 2009, History, 48 pages. This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for quality. Quality assurance was conducted on each of these books in an attempt to remove books with imperfections .... On mathematical concepts of the material world , Alfred North Whitehead, 1906, Mathematics, 61 pages. The mammalian cell as a microorganism genetic and biochemical studies in vitro, Theodore Thomas Puck, 1972, Science, 219 pages. Religion in the Making Lowell Lectures 1926, Alfred North Whitehead, Jan 1, 1996, Philosophy, 244 pages. This classic text in American Philosophy by one of the foremost figures in American philosophy offers a concise analysis of the various factors in human nature which go toward .... Symbolism Its Meaning and Effect, Alfred North Whitehead, Jan 1, 1985, Philosophy, 88 pages. Whitehead's response to the epistemological challenges of Hume and Kant in its most vivid and direct form.. The Evidences of the Genuineness of the Gospels , Andrews Norton, 2009, History, 370 pages. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works .... Dialogues of Alfred North Whitehead , , 2001, Literary Criticism, 385 pages. Philospher, mathematician, and general man of science, Alfred North Whitehead was a polymath whose interests and generous sympathies encompassed entire worlds.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Founding of the DUKE MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL
    Notes on the Founding of the DUKE MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL Title page to the bound first volume of DMJ CONTENTS Introduction 1 Planning a New Journal 3 Initial Efforts 3 First Discussion with the AMS 5 Galvanizing Support for a New Journal at Duke 7 Second Discussion with the AMS 13 Regaining Initiative 16 Final Push 20 Arrangements with Duke University Press 21 Launching a New Journal 23 Selecting a Title for the Journal and Forming a Board of Editors 23 Transferring Papers to DMJ 28 Credits 31 Notes 31 RESOLUTION The Council of the American Mathematical Society desires to express to the officers of Duke University, to the members of the Department of Mathematics of the University, and to the other members of the Editorial Board of the Duke Mathematical Journal its grateful appreciation of the service rendered by the Journal to mathematical science, and to extend to all those concerned in its management the congratulations of the Society on the distinguished place which it has assumed from the beginning among the significant mathematical periodicals of the world. December 31, 1935 St. Louis, Missouri INTRODUCTION In January 1936, just weeks after the completion of the first volume of the Duke Mathematical Journal (DMJ), Roland G. D. Richardson, professor and dean of the graduate school at Brown University, longtime secretary of the American Mathematical Society (AMS), and one of the early proponents of the founding of the journal, wrote to Duke President William Preston Few to share the AMS Council’s recent laudatory resolution and to offer his own personal note of congratulations: In my dozen years as Secretary of the American Mathematical Society no project has interested me more than the founding of this new mathematical journal.
    [Show full text]
  • Charles Sanders Peirce - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia 9/2/10 4:55 PM
    Charles Sanders Peirce - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia 9/2/10 4:55 PM Charles Sanders Peirce From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced /ˈpɜrs/ purse[1]) Charles Sanders Peirce (September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peirce was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for 30 years. It is largely his contributions to logic, mathematics, philosophy, and semiotics (and his founding of pragmatism) that are appreciated today. In 1934, the philosopher Paul Weiss called Peirce "the most original and versatile of American philosophers and America's greatest logician".[2] An innovator in many fields (including philosophy of science, epistemology, metaphysics, mathematics, statistics, research methodology, and the design of experiments in astronomy, geophysics, and psychology) Peirce considered himself a logician first and foremost. He made major contributions to logic, but logic for him encompassed much of that which is now called epistemology and philosophy of science. He saw logic as the Charles Sanders Peirce formal branch of semiotics, of which he is a founder. As early as 1886 he saw that logical operations could be carried out by Born September 10, 1839 electrical switching circuits, an idea used decades later to Cambridge, Massachusetts produce digital computers.[3] Died April 19, 1914 (aged 74) Milford, Pennsylvania Contents Nationality American 1 Life Fields Logic, Mathematics, 1.1 United States Coast Survey Statistics, Philosophy, 1.2 Johns Hopkins University Metrology, Chemistry 1.3 Poverty Religious Episcopal but 2 Reception 3 Works stance unconventional 4 Mathematics 4.1 Mathematics of logic C.
    [Show full text]
  • Hilbert in Missouri Author(S): David Zitarelli Reviewed Work(S): Source: Mathematics Magazine, Vol
    Hilbert in Missouri Author(s): David Zitarelli Reviewed work(s): Source: Mathematics Magazine, Vol. 84, No. 5 (December 2011), pp. 351-364 Published by: Mathematical Association of America Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.4169/math.mag.84.5.351 . Accessed: 22/01/2012 11:15 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Mathematical Association of America is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Mathematics Magazine. http://www.jstor.org VOL. 84, NO. 5, DECEMBER 2011 351 Hilbert in Missouri DAVIDZITARELLI Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19122 [email protected] No, David Hilbert never visited Missouri. In fact, he never crossed the Atlantic. Yet doctoral students he produced at Gottingen¨ played important roles in the development of mathematics during the first quarter of the twentieth century in what was then the southwestern part of the United States, particularly in that state. It is well known that Felix Klein exerted a primary influence on the emerging American mathematical research community at the end of the nineteenth century by mentoring students and educating professors in Germany as well as lecturing in the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • MATH Copy.Pages
    QUOTES ON MATH ! ! Students never think it can be the teacher’s fault and so I thought I was stupid. I was frustrated and would come home and cry because I couldn’t do it. Then we got a new teacher who made math accessible. That made all the difference and I learned that it’s how you present it that makes it scary or friendly. ! —Danica McKellar A good graph is worth a thousand words. ! --Dennis Johnston How to do math: 1. Write down the problem. 2. Cry. ! —T-Shirt Slogan Never try to walk across a river just because it has an average depth of four feet. ! --Milton Friedman What math education will be for one child for one year will depend on what the child’s teacher believes, knows and does—and doesn’t believe, doesn’t know and doesn’t do. ! --Eric Muller If you don’t make mistakes, you’re not working on hard enough problems. And that’s a big mistake ! --Frank Wilczek Stand firm in your refusal to remain conscious during algebra. In real life, I assure you, there is no such thing as algebra. ! --Fran Leibowitz Concern for man and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical endeavors. Never forget this in the midst of your diagrams and equations. ! --Albert Einstein Algebra is but written geometry, and geometry is but figured algebra. ! --Sophie Germain ! - !1 - Bees...by virtue of a certain geometrical forethought...know that the hexagon is greater than the square and the triangle, and will hold more honey for the same ex- penditure of material.
    [Show full text]
  • The Foundations of Mathematics
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Foundations of Mathematics, by Paul Carus This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. Title: The Foundations of Mathematics A Contribution to the Philosophy of Geometry Author: Paul Carus Release Date: June 18, 2018 [EBook #57355] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS *** Produced by Andrew D. Hwang transcriber's note The camera-quality files for this public-domain ebook may be downloaded gratis at www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/57355. This ebook was produced using scanned images and OCR text generously provided by the Cornell University Library through the Internet Archive. Minor typographical corrections and presentational changes have been made without comment. This PDF file is optimized for screen viewing, but may be recompiled for printing. Please consult the preamble of the LATEX source file for instructions and other particulars. THE FOUNDATIONS OF MATHEMATICS A CONTRIBUTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF GEOMETRY BY DR. PAUL CARUS ὁ θεὸς ἀεὶ γεωμετρεῖ|PLATO. CHICAGO THE OPEN COURT PUBLISHING CO. LONDON AGENTS KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH TRUBNER¨ & CO., LTD. 1908 COPYRIGHT BY THE OPEN COURT PUB.
    [Show full text]
  • Christer Kiselman Nash & Nash: Jörgen Weibull
    Bulletinen Svenska 15 oktober 2015 Redaktör: Ulf Persson Matematikersamfundets medlemsblad Ansvarig utgivare: Milagros Izquierdo Abelpriset, Intervju med Reuben Hersh : Ulf Persson Matematisk Utvärdering: Christer Kiselman Nash & Nash: Jörgen Weibull & Kiselman Minnen om Axel Ruhe : Åke Björck & Lars Eldén Ljungström och Jöred: Arne Söderqvist Institut Mittag-Leffler: Ari Laptev Bulletinen utkommer tre gånger per år I Januari, Maj och Oktober. Manusstopp är den första i respektive månad Ansvarig utgivare: Milagros Izquierdo Redaktör: Ulf Persson Adress: Medlemsutskicket c/o Ulf Persson Matematiska institutionen Chalmers Tekniska Högskola Manus kan insändas i allehanda format .ps, .pdf, .doc Dock i tillägg önskas en ren text-fil. Alla texter omformas till latex SVENSKA MATEMATIKERSAMFUNDET är en sammanslutning av matematikens utövare och vänner. Samfundet har till ändamål att främja utvecklingen inom matematikens olika verksamhetsfält och att befordra samarbetet mellan matematiker och företrädare för ämnets tillämpningsområden. För att bli medlem betala in avgiften på samfundets plusgirokonto 43 43 50-5. Ange namn och adress på inbetalningsavin (samt om Du arbetar vid någon av landets institutioner för matematik). Medlemsavgifter ( per år) Individuellt medlemsskap, 200 kr Reciprocitetsmedlem 100 kr. (medlem i matematiskt samfund i annat land med vilket SMS har reciprocitetsavtal): Doktorander gratis under två år Gymnasieskolor: 300 kr. Matematiska institutioner: Större 5 000 kr, mindre 2 500 kr (institutionerna får sälva avgöra om de är
    [Show full text]
  • Making Mathematics American: Gender, Professionalization, and Abstraction During the Growth of Mathematics in the United States, 1890-1945
    MAKING MATHEMATICS AMERICAN: GENDER, PROFESSIONALIZATION, AND ABSTRACTION DURING THE GROWTH OF MATHEMATICS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1890-1945 A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Ellen MacPhee Abrams August 2020 © 2020 Ellen MacPhee Abrams MAKING MATHEMATICS AMERICAN: GENDER, PROFESSIONALIZATION, AND ABSTRACTION DURING THE GROWTH OF MATHEMATICS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1890-1945 Ellen MacPhee Abrams, Ph. D. Cornell University 2020 This dissertation tells the story of how mathematics was made American. Like other American sciences, mathematics in the United States shifted during the Progressive Era from practical and educational activities toward research. Unlike other American sciences, however, American mathematics grew conspicuously apart from physical reality. Taking their cue from prominent scholars in places like France and Germany, mathematicians in the United States began building and working to define abstract mathematical systems. By following their European counterparts into abstract, so-called “modern” fields of research, however, American mathematicians risked alienation in a nation known for its “Yankee ingenuity” and practical know-how. This dissertation argues that, while the growth of mathematics in the United States meant establishing societies, journals, and graduate programs, it also meant reconfiguring what counted as mathematical work, who counted as a mathematician, and how each was thought to contribute to American society. While early-twentieth-century Americans were working to build a mathematics community, prominent researchers in Europe were working to rebuild the foundations of mathematics itself. Foundational questions, in turn, led some to reconsider the epistemological status and meaning of mathematical knowledge, as well as its value and values.
    [Show full text]
  • CSHPM Bulletin, November 2012
    BULLETIN November/Novembre 2012 Number/le numéro 51 WHAT’S INSIDE President’s Message [Glen van Brummelen]...........................................................page 2 Articles Announcements......................................................................................page 3 Joint AMS/MAA Meetings in San Diego [Amy Shell-Gellasch]........................................page 5 Call for Papers: Science & Education [Victor Katz] .................................................. page 6 Book Review: Sophie’s Diary [Antonella Cupillari]...................................................page 6 MAA Convergence Asks, “Who’s That Mathematician?” [Janet Beery] . page 7 Book Review: AWealthofNumbers[Jim Tattersall]..................................................page 9 Book Review: Mathematics in Victorian Britain [Bruce Petrie]......................................page 10 Book Review: The Dawn of Software Engineering [Scott Guthery]...................................page 11 Quotations in Context [Mike Molinsky] ............................................................. page 13 Dublin Adventures [Agnes Kalemaris]...............................................................page 14 ARITHMOS & More [V. Frederick Rickey]..........................................................page 21 HPM Americas Section in Berkeley [Amy Ackerberg-Hastings]. .page 23 Crossroads of Cultures Workshop [Jeffrey Oaks].....................................................page 23 ICME-12 [Amy Ackerberg-Hastings].................................................................page
    [Show full text]
  • Benjamin Peiree's Linear Associative Algebra (1870): New Light on Its Preparation and 'Publication'
    ANNALS OF SCIENCE, 54 (1997), 597 606 Benjamin Peiree's Linear Associative Algebra (1870): New Light on its Preparation and 'Publication' In fond memory of Max H. Fisch (1900-95) I. GRATTAN-GUINNESS Middlesex University at Enfield, Middlesex EN3 4SF, UK Received 10 May 1997 1. Content In 1870 Benjamin Peirce (1809-80) published in lithographic form a book of 153 pages with the above title, in which he classified a wide range of algebras by their defining properties. 1 It came to influence later developments of algebras, especially in the USA. It has been studied historically to some extent, 2 and I shall note the main features here; but the main purpose of this paper is to draw upon little-known manuscripts to describe the manner of its preparation and the circumstances behind its unusual initial appearance. During the nineteenth century ordinary algebra was joined by a steadily increasing collection of other algebras, often satisfying some different laws: differential operators, functional equations, algebraic logic, probability algebra, substitutions and group theory, determinants, invariants, matrices, and especially for Peirce the quaternions ofW. R. Hamilton (1805-65). 3 These last had been introduced in 1843 as a means of handling the equations of mathematical physics by adjoining to the real number system three independent quantities, i, j and k obeying the laws i 2=j2=k 2=ijk=_l, andij=kandji=-k (1) together with permutations among i, j and k, under some means of combination symbolized by concatenation of the symbols; the algebra comprised linear Downloaded By: [UNA University of Navarra] At: 17:29 20 October 2008 combinations of these quantities under a second means of combination symbolized by ' + ': q = a+bi+cj+dk (2) for coefficients a, b, c and d.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematical Methodology in the Thought Of
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector HISTORIA MATHEMATICA 9 (1982) 333-341 MATHEMATICALMETHODOLOGY IN THE THOUGHTOF CHARLESS, PEIRCE BY CAROLYN EISELE HUNTER COLLEGE, THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10021 SUMMARIES It is fitting that the celebration of Peirce's New Elements of Mathematics should be taking place in New York City, where Peirce was often to be found attending mathematical meetings at Columbia University and where he consulted the resources of the old Astor Library for the production of many of his writings. This paper considers Peirce--a lifelong student of logic--as he examined scientific and mathematical methodology on all levels, in ages past as well as in the then-contemporary literature. Peirce hoped to create an exact philosophy by applying the ideas of modern mathematical exactitude. He developed a semiotic pattern of mathematical proce- dure with which to test validity in all areas of inves- tigation. I1 me semble tout indiqud que la commdmoration du New Elements of Mathematics de Peirce se d&oule dans cette ville de New York 02 souvent Peirce assista B des rencontres mathgmatiques 2 l'Vniversit6 Columbia et 02 il exploita la richesse de la biblioth&que Astor pour nombre de ses &rits. Cet article prdsente Peirce comme un perp&tuel Gtudiant de la logique, se penchant sur tous les aspects de la m&hodologie scientifique et mathdmatique, pas&e aussi bien que contemporaine. Peirce espdrait cr.Ger une philosophie exacte en appliquant les id&es de l'exactitude mathgmatique moderne.
    [Show full text]