Table of Contents

Preface...... xxix

Acknowledgment...... xxxviii

Volume I

Section 1 Applications of e-Government: Case Studies and Surveys

Chapter 1 Developments of e-Government in Sri Lanka: Opportunities and Challenges...... 1 Kanishka Karunasena, RMIT University, Australia Hepu Deng, RMIT University, Australia Anuradha Karunasena, RMIT University, Australia

Chapter 2 Egyptian Local Government Website Portals: Examining Maturity Levels and Human Development Indicators...... 20 Hisham M. Abdelsalam, Cairo University, Egypt. Christopher G. Reddick, University of Texas at San Antonio, USA Hatem A. ElKadi, Cairo University, Egypt.

Chapter 3 A Review of e-Government Initiatives in Tanzania: Challenges and Opportunities...... 37 George S. Oreku, Tanzania & North-West University, South Africa Fredrick Japhet Mtenzi, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland

Chapter 4 A Snapshot Overview of the Digital Divide: e-Inclusion and e-Government in the Zambian Context...... 71 Kelvin Joseph Bwalya, University of Botswana, Botswana & University of Johannesburg, South Africa Tanya Du Plessis, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Chris Rensleigh, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Chapter 5 E-Documents and E-Signatures in Tanzania: Their Role, Status, and the Future...... 90 Ubena John, Stockholm University,

Chapter 6 Voters’ Perception of the Adequacy and Suitability of e-Voting in the Nigeria Polity...... 123 Tella Adeyinka, University of Ilorin, Nigeria Gbolahan Olasina, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Chapter 7 A Critical Assessment of the Evaluation Methods of ICT Investment: The Case of a Small Island Economy with a Large Public Sector...... 145 Taruna Ramesur, University of Mauritius, Mauritius

Chapter 8 E-Government in the Judiciary System: Assessing the Correlation between IT Investment and the Efficiency of Courts of Justice in Brazil...... 158 André Andrade, Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration of Getulio Vargas Foundation, Brazil Luiz Antonio Joia, Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration of Getulio Vargas Foundation, Brazil Daniel Kamlot, Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration of Getulio Vargas Foundation, Brazil

Chapter 9 Business/IT Alignment Framework within e-Government System Case Study: E-Government in Syria...... 179 Kamal Atieh, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria Abd Ulgahfoor Mohammad, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria Tarek Khalil, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria Fadi Bagdadlian, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria

Chapter 10 A Statistical Analysis of Priority Factors for Local e-Government in a Developing Country: Case Study of Yogyakarta Local Government, Indonesia...... 194 St.Wisnu Wijaya, Sanata Dharma University, Indonesia Aris Dwiatmoko, Sanata Dharma University, Indonesia Kridanto Surendro, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia Husni S Sastramihardja, Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia

Chapter 11 E-Government in Syria: Obstacles and Interoperability Framework...... 212 Elias Farzali, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria Ghassan Kanaan, Petra University, Jordan Raed Kareem Kanaan, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Jordan Kamal Atieh, Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Syria Chapter 12 Benchmarking Botswana’s e-Government Initiatives with WSIS Principles: A Review of Progress and Challenges...... 237 Saul F. C. Zulu, University of Botswana, Botswana Peter M. Sebina, University of Botswana, Botswana Balulwami Grand, University of Botswana, Botswana Stephen M. Mutula, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Section 2 Future Prospects for Sustainable e-Government Adoption

Chapter 13 Bridging From e-Government Practice to e-Government Research: Past Trends and Future Directions...... 263 Kyu-Nahm Jun, Wayne State University, USA Christopher Weare, University of Southern California, USA

Chapter 14 E-Government in Malaysia: A Decade After...... 290 Erlane K. Ghani, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Jamaliah Said, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia Noraini Mohd Nasir, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

Chapter 15 E-Waste Management in East African Community...... 307 Edgar Napoleon Asiimwe, Örebro University, Sweden Grönlund Åke, Örebro University, Sweden

Chapter 16 E-Government for Transparency, Anti-Corruption, and Accountability: Challenges and Opportunities for Central American Countries...... 328 Ana Corojan, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain J. Ignacio Criado, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain

Chapter 17 E-Government Strategy in Turkey: A Case for m-Government?...... 351 Ronan de Kervenoael, Sabanci University, Turkey Ipek Kocoglu, Gebze Institute of Technology, Turkey

Chapter 18 E-Democracy: An Enabler for Improved Participatory Democracy...... 374 Charles Ayo, Covenant University, Nigeria Ambrose Azeta, Covenant University, Nigeria Aderonke Oni, Covenant University, Nigeria Chapter 19 Law Modeling and BPR for Public Administration Improvement...... 391 Aaron Ciaghi, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy Adolfo Villafiorita, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Italy

Volume II

Section 3 Fundamental Principles of e-Government: Theory vs. Practice

Chapter 20 The e-Government Concept and e-Government Applications...... 411 Aziz Şişman, Ondokuz Mayis University, Turkey

Chapter 21 E-Government Issues in Developing Countries: An Analysis from a Digital Divide, E-Skills, and Civil Conflict Theory Approach...... 423 Gohar Feroz Khan, YeungNam University, Republic of Korea Junghoon Moon, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea

Chapter 22 Overlooking Organizational Culture: Problems in Analyzing the Success and Failures of E-Government in Developing Countries...... 440 David W. Wachira, University of North Texas, USA

Chapter 23 A Methodology to Evaluate ICT Platforms in the Implementation of e-Government...... 455 Mauricio Solar, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile Gonzalo Valdés, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile Horst von Brand, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile Sergio Murúa, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Chile

Chapter 24 Listening to the Ground: Key Indicators of e-Participation in Government for Africa...... 474 Laban Bagui, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa Andrew Bytheway, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, South Africa

Chapter 25 Adoption of E-Government Services in Developing Countries: An Empirical Evaluation...... 496 Suha AlAwadhi, Kuwait University, Kuwait Anne Morris, Loughborough University, UK Chapter 26 E-Government, Robotic, and Conventional Government in Developing Countries...... 521 Chaudhary Imran Sarwar, University of the Punjab, Pakistan

Section 4 Key Success Factors of Contemporary e-Government Development

Chapter 27 Project Management: An e-Government Driver?...... 537 Shauneen Furlong, John Moores Liverpool University, UK

Chapter 28 E-Government: Some Factors for a Conceptual Model...... 559 Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani, Bemidji State University, USA

Chapter 29 New Technology Communication in American State Governments: The Impact on Citizen Participation...... 573 Hyun Jung Yun, Texas State University, USA Cynthia Opheim, Texas State University, USA

Chapter 30 Competence Development of E-Government: A Study Circle Approach...... 591 Kerstin Grundén, University West, Sweden

Chapter 31 The “Quicksilver Initiatives” as a Framework for e-Government Strategy Design in Developing Economies...... 605 Kelvin Joseph Bwalya, University of Botswana, Botswana & University of Johannesburg, South Africa Tanya Du Plessis, University of Johannesburg, South Africa Chris Rensleigh, University of Johannesburg, South Africa

Chapter 32 Benchmarking Local e-Government: Lessons from the Adoption Process in a Tourist Town...... 624 Susana De Juana-Espinosa, Universidad de Alicante, Spain Juan José Tarí, Universidad de Alicante, Spain

Chapter 33 Analyzing e-Government Research in Emerging Economies:Contextualization and Opportunities...... 641 Antonio Manuel López Hernández, University of Granada, Spain Manuel Pedro Rodríguez Bolívar, University of Granada, Spain Laura Alcaide Muñoz, University of Granada, Spain Chapter 34 Trends in Government e-Authentication: Policy and Practice...... 664 Mike Just, Glasgow Caledonian University, UK Karen Renaud, University of Glasgow, UK

Chapter 35 Institutionalisation, Framing, and Diffusion: The Logic of Openness in eGovernment and Implementation Decisions- A Lesson for Developing Countries...... 678 Bongani Ngwenya, Solusi University, Zimbabwe & North-West University-Mafeking, South Africa Sam Lubbe, North-West University-Mafeking, South Africa Rembrandt Klopper, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa

Chapter 36 E-Government Challenges in European Countries...... 699 Carlotta del Sordo, University of Bologna, Forlì Campus, Italy Rebecca Levy Orelli, University of Bologna, Forlì Campus, Italy Emanuele Padovani, University of Bologna, Forlì Campus, Italy

Chapter 37 Is Romania Ready for Nation-Wide Public e-Services? Five Factors to Consider before Adopting an E-Government Public Policy...... 717 Virgil Stoica, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania Andrei Ilas, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania

Chapter 38 Public E-Service Conditions in Lithuania...... 733 Eglė Bilevičiūtė, Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania Tatjana Bilevičienė, Mykolas Romeris University, Lithuania

Compilation of References...... xxxix

About the Contributors...... cix

Index...... cxxvi