DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Document of The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 15917- HO STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized HONDURAS RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized February 28, 1997 Central America Department Latin America and the Caribbean Region Public Disclosure Authorized CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit= Lempira US$1.00 = Lp. 12.94 Lp. 1.00 = US$0.0773 GOVERNMENT FISCAL YEAR January 1- December 31 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES Metric System ACRONYMS, ABBREVIATIONS AND GLOSSARY AFE-COHDEFOR State ForestryAdministration--Honduran Forest Development Corporation(Administraci6n Forestal del Estado- Corporacion Hondurena de Desarrollo Forestal) AGSAC AgriculturalSector Adjustment Credit (Cr. 2540-HO) AML AgriculturalModemization Law (Ley de Modernizaci6n Agricola) BANADESA GovenmmentAgricultural Credit Bank (Banco de Credito Agricola) CEMAPIF Centerfor Managementand Utilizationand SmallForestry Industry (Centro de Manejo, Aprovechamiento y Pequena Industria Forestal) CIDA CanadianIntemational Development Agency (Agencia Internacional de Desarrollo Canadiense) CIDICCO HonduranNGO workingon uplandTechnologies COCONA NationalAdvisory Council on the Environment(Consejo Nacional del Ambiente) CODA Commissionon AgriculturalDevelopment (Comisi6n de Desarrollo de Agricultura) CONACTA NationalAdvisory Council on AgriculturalTechnology (Consejo Nacional de Tecnologia Agricola) CONAPH National AdvisoryCouncil for ProtectedAreas (Consejo Nacional de Areas Protegidas) COSECHA HonduranNGO specializedin uplandtechnology Vice President: Shahid Javed Burki, LACVP Director, Country Department: Donna Dowsett-Coirolo, LADCN Manager, Sector Leadership Group: Michael Baxter, LASLG Sector Leader: Mark Cackler, LADCN Task Manager: Augusta Molnar, LASLG - 11- CSJ Supreme Court (Corte Suprema de Justicia) DAPVS Protected Areas and Wildlife Department (Departamento de Areas Protegidas y Vida Silvestre) DDR Directorate of Rural Development (Direccion de Desarrollo Rural) DEC Department of Cadastre (Departamento Nacional de Catastro) DICTA Directorate for Agricultural Science and Technology Transfer (Direcci 6n de Ciencia y Transferencia de Tecnoloia Agricola) EJIDO Municipal lands allocated during the pre-independenceperiod for communal use and urban expansion FAMA Honduran NGO working with poor farmers FHIS Honduras Social Investment Fund (Fundaci6n Hondurella de Inversiones Sociales) FINNIDA Finnish Development Authority FMU Forest Management Unit FOLIO REAL A system of parcel based land information and registration GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environmental Facility GOH Government of Honduras GPS Global Positioning System GTZ German Technical Assistance IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICB International Competitive Bidding IDA International DevelopmentAssociation IDB Inter-American Development Bank IFC International Finance Corporation IGN National Geographic Institute (Instituto Geogr6fico Nacional) IMF International Monetary Fund - iii - INA National Agrarian Institute (Instituto Nacional Agrario) LUPE USAID-Financed Upland Development Project M & E Monitoring and Evaluation MIS Management Information System NCB National Competitive Bidding NGO Non-Government Organization NRM Natural Resource Management PACO/CARE Upland project financed by the Christian Relief Agency (CARE) PBDL Broadleaf Forestry DevelopmentProject (Proyecto de Desarrollo del Bosque Latifoliado) PDF Project Development Facility PPF Project Preparation Facility PR Property Registry (Registro de la Propiedad) PRODEPAH Honduran Project for Support to Agriculture Development SAG Secretariat of Agriculture and Livestock (Secretaria de Agricultura y Ganaderia) SERNA Secretariat of Natural Resources and Environment (Secretaria de Recursos Naturales y del Ambiente) SINAPH National System of Protected Areas of Honduras (Sistema Nacional Hondurefo de Areas Protegidas) SNIITA National System of Agricultural Technology SNITTA National Research and Technology Transfer System TVF Land of Forest Vocation (Tierra de Vocacion Forestal) UNDP United Nations DevelopmentProgramme UPEG New name of UPSA (Unidad de Planeaci6n y Evaluacion) UPSA Planning Unit of SAG USAID United States Agency for International Development HONDURAS RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. Credit and Project Summary.................................................... i 1. BACKGROUND .................................................... 1 A. CountryOverview and MacroeconomicBackground ......................................................... 1 B. GovernmentPolicy, Institutional and LegalFramework .......................................................... 2 C. LessonsLearned ......................................................... 4 D. Country Assistance Strategy......................................................... 6 2. THE PROJECT .................................................... 6 A. ProjectOrigin ........................................................... 6 B. Rationale for IDA Involvement.............. ............ 7 C. Project Objectives........................... 8 D. Project Description............................ 8 E. Program Objective Categories........................... 13 F. ProjectCosts And FinancingPlan ........................... 14 G. Financial Analysis............................ 14 3. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION, PROCUREMENT, DISBURSEMENT AND REPORTING ......... 15 A. Project Implementation, Coordination and Management............................................ 15 B. Technicaland FinancialAudits .................................... 22 C. Procurement.................................... 22 DDisbursement . .................................... 25 E. ProjectReporting, Monitoring and Evaluation.................................... 26 F. Supervisionby IDA..................................... 26 This report is basedon the findingsof pre-appraisaland appraisal missionswhich visitedHonduras in March and May of 1996respectively, comprising Messrs./Mmes. Augusta Molnar (TaskManager), WilliamBeattie (LA2NR), John Joyce,James Smyle,Luis Zelaya,Maria Luisa Pardo, NelsonEspinoza, and Ana LuciaMoreno (RUTA);Richard Owen (FAO);and Tom Korczowski,Daan Vreughdenhil,Maria Correia,Juan Martinez,and Robinle Breton (Consultants).Ms. DonnaDowsett-Coirolo is the Country Director, Mark Cackleris the SectorLeader, and MichaelBaxter is the SectorLeadership Group Manager. ii Page No. 4. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS, BENEFITS AND RISKS ........................................... 27 A. Benefits........................................................... 27 B. EconomicAnalysis ................................................... 27 C. Environmental Impact ................................................... 30 D. Participation and Social Impacts................................................... 31 E. Risks................................................... 33 F. Sustainability................................................... 35 5. SUMMARY OF AGREEMENTS, ASSURANCES AND RECOM4MENDATION ............................................. 35 A. Agreements and Assurances................................................... 35 B. Recommendation.............. 37 TABLES: Table 1: Project Costs Table 2: Project FinancingPlan Table 3: ProcurementArrangements Table 4: Summaryof PotentialEconomic Benefits CHARTS: Chart 1: Use of Funds by ProjectAgencies Chart 2: OrganizationChart NaturalResources Management Component Chart 3: OrganizationChart for the LandAdministration Modemization Component ANNEXES: Annex A: InstitutionalArrangements and ImplementationSchedule Annex B: LandAdministration Modemization Component Annex C: NaturalResources Management Component InstitutionalStrengthening ForestManagement Annex D: Fundfor Upland ProducersSub-component Annex E: ProtectedAreas Sub-component Annex F: Cost Tables,Financing Plan and DisbursementSchedule AnnexG: ProjectMonitoring, Reporting, and Evaluation Annex H: ProjectAnalysis EconomicAnalysis EnvironmentalAnalysis SocialAssessment and Participation Annex I: ProjectImplementation Detailed Plan (PIP) Contents ProjectBrief IDB AgriculturalTechnology Annex J: Documentsin ProjectFile MAP: IBRD No. 28168 HONDURAS RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT CREDIT AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower: The Republic of Honduras Implementing Agencies: Secretariat of Agriculture and Livestock (SAG) State Forestry Administration - Honduran Forestry Development Corporation (AFE-COHDEFOR) Poverty: Program of Targeted Interventions Amount: SDR 23.5 million (US$34.0 million equivalent) Terms: Standard IDA terms, with 40-year maturity Commitment Fee: Standard Financing Plan: See page 7 in Annex F Net Present Value: See Chapter 4, Section B Map: IBRD No. 28168 Project Identification No.: HO-PA-7398 HONDURAS RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT 1. BACKGROUND A. COUNTRYOVERVIEW AND MACROECONOMIC BACKGROUND 1.1 After a decadeof slow economicgrowth, averaging 2.5 percent per annum,and mounting fiscaland trade disequilibria,external debt, and marketdistortions, the Governmentof Honduras (GOH)undertook a structuraladjustment program in 1990,supported by the SecondStructural AdjustmentCredit (3257-HO). Key elementsof this market-orientedprogram were fiscalreform, trade liberalization,removal of price controls,and liberalizationof the foreign exchangesystem. While someimportant progress was made duringthe 1990-94administration and GDP improved substantially,the administrationleft seriousmacro-economic imbalances unsolved. 1.2 The present Government,which took officein January
Recommended publications
  • Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras Twentieth Edition Data

    Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras Twentieth Edition Data

    Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras Twentieth edition data Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig, Editors Based on information from the Ethnologue, 20th edition: Simons, Gary F. and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2017. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twentieth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online: http://www.ethnologue.com. For personal use only Permission to distribute or reuse this work (in whole or in part) may be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center at http://www.copyright.com. SIL International, 7500 West Camp Wisdom Road, Dallas, Texas 75236-5699 USA Web: www.sil.org, Phone: +1 972 708 7404, Email: [email protected] Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras 2 Contents List of Abbreviations 3 How to Use This Digest 4 Country Overview 6 Language Status Profile 7 Statistical Summaries 8 Alphabetical Listing of Languages 11 Language Map 14 Languages by Population 15 Languages by Status 16 Languages by Department 18 Languages by Family 19 Language Code Index 20 Language Name Index 21 Bibliography 22 Copyright © 2017 by SIL International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the prior written permission of SIL International, with the exception of brief excerpts in articles or reviews. Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras 3 List of Abbreviations A Agent in constituent word order alt. alternate name for alt. dial. alternate dialect name for C Consonant in canonical syllable patterns CDE Convention against Discrimination in Education (1960) Class Language classification CPPDCE Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005) CSICH Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) dial.
  • Rediscovery of the Honduran Emerald Amazilia Luciae in Western Honduras

    Rediscovery of the Honduran Emerald Amazilia Luciae in Western Honduras

    Bird Conservation International (2010) 20:255–262. ª BirdLife International, 2010 doi:10.1017/S0959270910000389 Rediscovery of the Honduran Emerald Amazilia luciae in western Honduras: insights on the distribution, ecology, and conservation of a ’Critically Endangered’ hummingbird DAVID L. ANDERSON, PAUL HOUSE, ROBERT E. HYMAN, RICARDO STEINER, H. ROSS HAWKINS, SHERRY THORN, MANUEL J. REY, MARIO R. ESPINAL and LEONEL E. MARINEROS Summary The Honduran Emerald Amazilia luciae is endemic to dry forests of Honduras and currently recognised as ‘Critically Endangered.’ Here we present the first modern assessment of its distribution, ecology, and conservation, based partly on our rediscovery of the species in western Honduras and on our observations in three Honduran departments. We found that dry forests inhabited by the emerald differed in structure and species composition between eastern and western Honduras, where we observed emeralds in open-canopied deciduous thorn forests and closed-canopied semi-deciduous woodlands, respectively. We interpret these differences in light of the geological and anthropogenic origins of dry forests in Honduras, and discuss the implications of such origins for the conservation of dry forests. Although our findings expand the known distribution and population size of the species, its status as ‘Critically Endangered’ is warranted due to its restricted distribution in dry forest fragments and increasing human pressures on this habitat. Resumen El Esmeralda Honduren˜ o Amazilia luciae es una especie ende´mica del bosque seco en Honduras que actualmente es considerada Criticamente Amenazada. Presentamos la primera evaluacio´n moderna de su distribucio´n, ecologı´a, y estado de conservacio´n, con base en nuestro reciente redescubrimiento de la especie en el oeste de Honduras y en nuestras observaciones en tres departamentos honduren˜ os.
  • World Bank Document

    World Bank Document

    HONDURAS RURAL LAND MANAGEMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIAL ASSESSMENTAND PARTICIPATIONPLAN OBJECTIVES 1. A social assessment was carried out as part of project preparation with the following objectives: (a) to evaluate existing patterns of resource ownership, management and use among different groups and institutions in the project area; (b) to identify stake-holders who should be involved in preparation and implementation and to obtain their inputs on project scope and design; (c) to identify potentially negative impacts of proposed activities on vulnerable groups in the population, including women Public Disclosure Authorized and indigenous groups, and design measures to prevent or mitigate these impacts; and (d) to identify opportunities to build local capacity of NGOs, producer and traditional organizations and local government to plan and carry out project activities. A Participation Action Plan was prepared as one product of that social assessment. This annex summarizes the findings of the social assessment and the recommendations that have been included in the Participation Action Plan. This includes findings and recommendations on indigenous peoples and gender concerns and a matrix extracting costs of activities related to participation and incorporation of special interest groups from the overall cost tables. SOCIALASSESSMENT PROCESS Public Disclosure Authorized 2. The social assessment included: (a) analysis of the stake-holders in the land administration and natural resources sector; (b) a participatory rural
  • Honduras 2018 Human Rights Report

    Honduras 2018 Human Rights Report

    HONDURAS 2018 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Honduras is a constitutional, multiparty republic. The country last held national and local elections in November 2017. Voters elected Juan Orlando Hernandez of the National Party as president for a four-year term beginning January 2018. International observers generally recognized the elections as free but disputed the fairness and transparency of the results. Civilian authorities at times did not maintain effective control over the security forces. Human rights issues included reports of arbitrary and unlawful killings; complaints of torture; harsh and life-threatening prison conditions; arbitrary arrest or detention; killings of and threats to media members by criminal elements; criminalization of libel, although no cases were reported; widespread government corruption; and threats and violence against indigenous, Afro-descendent communities and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) persons. The government took steps to prosecute and punish officials who committed abuses. Impunity existed in many cases, however, as evidenced by lengthy judicial processes, few convictions of perpetrators, and failures to prosecute intellectual authors of crimes. Organized criminal elements, including local and transnational gangs and narcotics traffickers, were significant perpetrators of violent crimes and committed acts of homicide, extortion, kidnapping, torture, human trafficking, intimidation, and other threats and violence directed against human rights defenders, judicial authorities, lawyers, the business community, journalists, bloggers, women, and members of vulnerable populations. Section 1. Respect for the Integrity of the Person, Including Freedom from: a. Arbitrary Deprivation of Life and Other Unlawful or Politically Motivated Killings There were several reports that the government or its agents committed arbitrary or unlawful killings.
  • Honduras: Human Rights and the Coup D’État

    Honduras: Human Rights and the Coup D’État

    INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc. 55 30 December 2009 Original: Spanish HONDURAS: HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE COUP D’ÉTAT 2009 Internet: http://www.cidh.org E‐mail: [email protected] OAS Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights. Honduras : derechos humanos y golpe de estado = Honduras : human rights and coup d'état / Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights. p. ; cm. (OEA documentos oficiales ; OEA/Ser.L)(OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L) ISBN 978‐0‐8270‐5406‐6 1. Zelaya Rosales, José Manuel, 1952‐ . 2. Honduras‐‐History‐‐Coup d'état, 2009. 3. Honduras‐‐Politics and government‐‐21st century. 4. Democracy‐‐Honduras‐ ‐21st century. 5. Human rights‐‐Honduras. 6. Civil rights‐‐Honduras. 7. Justice, Administration of‐‐Honduras. I. Title. II Series. III. Series. OAS official records ; OEA/Ser.L. OEA/Ser.L/V/II. Doc.55 Approved by the Inter‐American Commission on Human Rights on December 30, 2009 INTER‐AMERICAN COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS MEMBERS Luz Patricia Mejía Guerrero Víctor E. Abramovich Felipe González Sir Clare Kamau Roberts Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro Florentín Meléndez Paolo G. Carozza ****** Executive Secretary: Santiago A. Canton Assistant Executive Secretary: Elizabeth Abi‐Mershed HONDURAS: HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE COUP D’ÉTAT TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................1 II. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................3
  • International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:47 PM

    International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:47 PM

    International SOS Member Site - - Country Report 7/21/20, 3:47 PM Honduras Risk Ratings MEDIUM MEDICAL RISK for Honduras HIGH TRAVEL RISK for Honduras MEDIUM TRAVEL RISK for Islas de la Bahia department Know My Risks ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please see our: Medical and Security Alerts for Honduras COVID-19 information for Honduras Dedicated COVID-19 website ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ There are high levels of opportunistic and violent crime, including bag-snatching, pickpocketing and armed robbery. Short-term 'express' kidnapping and kidnap-for- ransom also present a considerable risk to foreigners. Despite a notable reduction in the number of murders in 2017 and 2018, homicides resumed an upward trend in 2019, indicating that Honduras still has one of the highest homicide rates in the region. However, most murders occur in neighbourhoods and areas near major cities where foreigners on legitimate business trips are unlikely to visit. Most violence is related to clashes between rival gangs and individuals directly and indirectly affiliated with maras (youth gangs) or the drugs trade. Travellers to remote border regions, especially along the northern coast, should consider using a local guide because of an inadequate police presence in those areas. Crime levels

  • Medium Term Governmen

    90 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. BACKGROUND 3. OPEN STATE ACTION PLAN PROCESS 2018-2020 A. PARTICIPATION AND COCREATION THROUGHOUT THE OGP CYCLE B. PARTICIPATION AND COCREATION DURING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE OPEN STATE ACTION PLAN C. PARTICIPATION AND CO-CREATION DURING THE IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND REPORT OF THE OPEN STATE ACTION PLAN 2018-2020 4. IRM RECOMMENDATION 4. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRESS IN THE COMMITMENTS OF THE IV PAEAH a. METHODOLOGY FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT b. GENERAL ADVANCES c. DEVELOPMENT OF PROGRESS BY COMMITMENT AND GOAL 1. COMMITMENT: ACCOUNTABILITY PORTALS GUARANTEEING MORE ACCESS TO PUBLIC INFORMATION 2. COMMITMENT: STRENGTHENING OF MUNICIPAL MECHANISMS FOR THE GREATER ACCESS OF CITIZENSHIP TO PUBLIC INFORMATION 3. COMMITMENT: OPEN DATA FOR USE AND BENEFIT OF THE CITIZENSHIP 4. COMMITMENT: OPENING DATA IN PUBLIC WORK PROJECTS 5. COMMITMENT: PROMOTE ELECTORAL CIVIC EDUCATION AND THE CREATION OF EQUAL CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATION TO THE COMPANY TO IMPROVE THE EXERCISE OF ITS RIGHTS AND FULFILLMENT OF ITS DUTIES IN DEMOCRACY 6. COMMITMENT: INTEGRITY IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT 7. COMMITMENT: MUNICIPAL ELECTRONIC CATALOGS AND STATE PURCHASING PLATFORM WITH CITIZEN PARTICIPATION MODEL 8. COMMITMENT: TOWARDS AN OPEN CONGRESS GREATER OPENING OF ACCOUNTABILITY 9. COMMITMENT: ISO 9001 CERTIFICATION TO GOVERNMENT SOCIAL PROGRAMS GREATER TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN SOCIAL BONDS 10. COMMITMENT: CITIZEN EMPOWERMENT IN NATIONAL AND LOCAL TAX AND BUDGET MANAGEMENT 11. COMMITMENT: PARTICIPATION AND EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN CERTIFIED IN ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS, PUBLIC WORKS AND MITIGATION WORKS 12. COMMITMENT: ADMINISTRATIVE SIMPLIFICATION WITH ONLINE PROCEDURES AND CITIZEN COMPLAINT SYSTEM 13. COMMITMENT: CO-CREATION AND CITIZEN IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATION PROJECTS CITIZEN INNOVATION LABORATORIES 14.
  • Listing the Honduran Emerald Hummingbird

    Listing the Honduran Emerald Hummingbird

    45086 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 145 / Wednesday, July 29, 2015 / Rules and Regulations PART 300—NATIONAL OIL AND duplication, GSA is removing the M&IE List of Subjects in 41 CFR Part 301–11 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES breakdown table from the FTR and Government employees, per diem POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLAN solely maintaining it on GSA’s Web site reimbursement, M&IE allowance, Travel at www.gsa.gov/mie. The table has been and transportation. ■ 1. The authority citation for part 300 on this Web site for several years and continues to read as follows: can be updated quickly and efficiently. Dated: July 9, 2015. Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C. Changes to per diem reimbursement Denise Turner Roth, 9601–9657; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, rates for lodging and M&IE are currently Acting Administrator of General Services. 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923; publicized by FTR bulletins and rates 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193. For the reasons set forth in the are published solely on GSA Web site’s. preamble, under 5 U.S.C. 5701–5707, Appendix B to Part 300—[Amended] Similarly, any future changes to the GSA is amending 41 CFR part 301–11, M&IE breakdown table will also be as set forth below: publicized in FTR Bulletins notifying ■ 2. Table 1 of Appendix B to part 300 agencies of updates to the per diem rates PART 301–11—PER DIEM EXPENSES is amended by removing ‘‘NJ’’, ‘‘Crown for lodging and M&IE.
  • Expanded PDF Digest

    Expanded PDF Digest

    Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras Eighteenth edition data M. Paul Lewis, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig, Editors Based on information from the Ethnologue, 18th edition: Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Eighteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online: http://www.ethnologue.com. For personal use only Permission to distribute or reuse this work (in whole or in part) may be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center at http://www.copyright.com. SIL International, 7500 West Camp Wisdom Road, Dallas, Texas 75236-5699 USA Web: www.sil.org, Phone: +1 972 708 7404, Email: [email protected] Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras 2 Contents List of Abbreviations 3 How to Use This Report 4 Country Overview 6 Language Status Profile 7 Statistical Summaries 8 Alphabetical Listing of Languages 11 Language Map 14 Languages by Population 15 Languages by Status 16 Languages by Department 18 Languages by Family 19 Language Code Index 20 Language Name Index 21 Bibliography 22 Copyright © 2015 by SIL International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the prior written permission of SIL International, with the exception of brief excerpts in articles or reviews. Ethnologue: Languages of Honduras 3 List of Abbreviations alt. alternate name for alt. dial. alternate dialect name for Class Language classification dial. primary dialect name for km kilometer(s) L1 / L2 first language / second (or other additional) language Lg Dev Language development Lg Use Language use m meter(s) pej.
  • Listing the Honduran Emerald Hummingbird

    Listing the Honduran Emerald Hummingbird

    Federal Register / Vol. 78, No. 1 / Wednesday, January 2, 2013 / Proposed Rules 59 significant as defined in Executive the affected area had previously been generally means that we will post any Order 12866, and because the Agency subject. personal information you provide us does not have reason to believe the (see the Information Requested section List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 81 environmental health or safety risks below for more information). addressed by this rule present a Environmental protection, Air FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: disproportionate risk to children. pollution control, Intergovernmental Janine Van Norman, Chief, Branch of relations, National parks, Ozone, Foreign Species, Endangered Species H. National Technology Transfer Wilderness areas. Advancement Act Program, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Dated: December 20, 2012. 4401 North Fairfax Drive, Room 420, Section 12(d) of the National Jared Blumenfeld, Arlington, VA 22203; telephone 703– Technology Transfer and Advancement Regional Administrator, Region IX. 358–2171. If you use a Act of 1995 (‘‘NTTAA’’), Public Law telecommunications device for the deaf [FR Doc. 2012–31537 Filed 12–31–12; 8:45 am] 104–113, 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272 note) (TDD), call the Federal Information directs EPA to use voluntary consensus BILLING CODE 6560–50–P Relay Service (FIRS) at 800–877–8339. standards in its regulatory activities Background unless to do so would be inconsistent with applicable law or otherwise DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Section 4(b)(3)(B) of the Endangered impractical. Voluntary consensus Species Act (ESA) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et Fish and Wildlife Service standards are technical standards (e.g., seq.) requires that, for any petition to materials specifications, test methods, revise the Federal Lists of Endangered 50 CFR Part 17 sampling procedures, and business and Threatened Wildlife and Plants that practices) that are developed or adopted [Docket No.
  • A Honduras Political Clan and Its Criminal Fiefdom

    A Honduras Political Clan and Its Criminal Fiefdom

    A Honduras Political Clan and Its Criminal Fiefdom By Steven Dudley and Felipe Puerta* insightcrime.org It was around midnight that police in a rural area of the northern department of Olancho first heard the distinctive buzz of a low-flying aircraft. Night duty officers in three municipalities called their division chief and told him the plane was flying “without lights.” At 1:15 a.m., the police chief of one of the rural municipalities called the chief again, this time with the news that the plane had crashed. It was June 13, 2012. A scramble to find the aircraft ensued. Police dispatched several patrols, but residents also called the police and said four pickup trucks packed with heavily armed men wearing ski masks were driving around the area, asking locals if they had seen or heard where the plane might have fallen. In the end, police said they found the plane at 5 a.m. It had smashed against two trees, was burning and contained the dead bodies of two Colombian nationals who authorities would later say piloted the plane. Shortly thereafter, the police stopped three vehicles that fit the descriptions they had heard from residents, and they detained six men. Inside the cars, they found munitions and firearms. Among these men was Miguel Angel Urbina Soto. The Urbina Soto family was already known to law enforcement. Miguel Angel’s oldest brother, Carlos Fernando Urbina Soto, had been arrested and convicted for murder before escaping from jail and eventually settling his case out of court. His youngest brother, Mario Urbina Soto, was allegedly involved in local drug dealing in their home municipality of Yoro, in the department that carries the same name.
  • Federal Register/Vol. 80, No. 145/Wednesday, July 29, 2015

    Federal Register/Vol. 80, No. 145/Wednesday, July 29, 2015

    45086 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 145 / Wednesday, July 29, 2015 / Rules and Regulations PART 300—NATIONAL OIL AND duplication, GSA is removing the M&IE List of Subjects in 41 CFR Part 301–11 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES breakdown table from the FTR and Government employees, per diem POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLAN solely maintaining it on GSA’s Web site reimbursement, M&IE allowance, Travel at www.gsa.gov/mie. The table has been and transportation. ■ 1. The authority citation for part 300 on this Web site for several years and continues to read as follows: can be updated quickly and efficiently. Dated: July 9, 2015. Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C. Changes to per diem reimbursement Denise Turner Roth, 9601–9657; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR, rates for lodging and M&IE are currently Acting Administrator of General Services. 1991 Comp., p. 351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923; publicized by FTR bulletins and rates 3 CFR, 1987 Comp., p. 193. For the reasons set forth in the are published solely on GSA Web site’s. preamble, under 5 U.S.C. 5701–5707, Appendix B to Part 300—[Amended] Similarly, any future changes to the GSA is amending 41 CFR part 301–11, M&IE breakdown table will also be as set forth below: publicized in FTR Bulletins notifying ■ 2. Table 1 of Appendix B to part 300 agencies of updates to the per diem rates PART 301–11—PER DIEM EXPENSES is amended by removing ‘‘NJ’’, ‘‘Crown for lodging and M&IE.