INDEX

A aquaponics 310 Australian Flying Corps 538 Aboriginal peoples aquariums 359 Australian foreign policy 558–61 food sourcing 229–30, 231–2 aquatic biomes 202 Australian Greens 6 land management 229, 231 arbitration 48 Australian Human Rights sustainable lifestyle 229 Arkwright, James 419 Commission Act 1986 (Cth) 61 use of fire 230–1 Armenia 524 Australian Imperial Force (AIF) 528 see also Indigenous Australians Ashley Cooper, Anthony (Lord 5th Division 538 active consumerism 304 Ashley) 470 casualties 540, 559 active travel 330 Asia–Pacific region, Australia enlistment for 525, 526 adversary system 36 and 560–1 in France 538–40 Africa, biofuel crops 281 assisted migration, to Indigenous Australian Age Discrimination Act 2004 Australia 499–500 soldiers 544 (Cth) 61 Australia recruitment campaigns 543–4 age pension 137 as food bowl for Asia 308–9 Australian justice system ageing population 180 Australian Aid 384–5, 386 appeals 66–8 agribusiness 239 Australian Constitution, separation of bribery 68 agricultural revolution 397 powers 63 coercion of witnesses 69 business approach to farming 402 Australian economy court delays 70–1 399–400, 440–4 business sector 84–5 equality before the law 61–2 new techniques 400–2 capital 85 independence of the open-field farming 398–9 definition 81–2 judiciary 63–5 agricultural technicians 188 enterprise 85 principles 59 financial sector 86–7 trial by media 70 genetically modified crops 297 and global events 102–5 Australian Labor Party (ALP) 5, Green Revolution 234, 235 and global financial crisis 103–4 547, 548 greenhouses 237, 296 government sector 87–8 Australian legal system 36 modification of biomes 236–8 and growth of Chinese Australian and New Zealand Army shifting agriculture 228 economy 102–3 Corps (ANZAC) 526, 528, subsistence agriculture 226, household sector 83–4 531–3 230, 398 imports 114–16 Australian Prudential Regulation types in Australia 239–41 key economic questions 89–92 Authority (APRA) 128 urban farming 309–10 labour 84 Australian Trade Commission water use 295 land 84 (Austrade) 369 world distribution 221 natural disasters and 104–5 Australian War Memorial 511 yields, factors affecting objectives 89–92 Australian Women’s National 221–2, 294 participants 83–8 League 545 aid, Australia as donor 384–5 relationship between households Austria, declares war on Serbia 520 Allies Day 542 COPYRIGHTEDand business 85–6 MATERIALAustro-Hungarian Empire 467, 519 altitude, and climate 214 trade 99–101 authorised deposit-taking institutions American Revolution 406, 490 Australian Electoral Commission 5, (ADIs) 128 anti-Chinese 506 9–10 automotive industry see car industry anti-conscription movement Australian electoral system 548, 549 compulsory voting 9–10 B anti-discrimination agencies 47 fixed or maximum terms for backbenchers 26–7 anti-war sentiment 542, 545, 550 parliament 10 bail 43 Anzac Day 542, 555–6, 557 one vote, one value 10–11 Bakewell, Robert 401–2 Anzac legend 528, 555–7 preferential voting 11–12 balance of trade 100 appeal, right of 66, 67–8 principles 8 Balkans 518, 519–20 appeals, procedure 67 proportional representation 12–14 Ballarat, mobility map 339 appellants 66 secret ballot 8–9, 33 Banking Act 1959 (Cth) 128 appellate jurisdiction 66 single member and multimember banking sector, deregulation 128 aquaculture, fish farming 257, electorates 11 banking system 409 260–1 universal suffrage 9 bankruptcy 139

INDEX 575

BMIndex.indd Page 575 31/10/17 10:08 AM banks 128, 129 population explosion, impact chimney sweeps 452 Banks, Joseph 492 of 412 China Barker, Tom 541 population growth in eighteenth economic growth 102–3 barrier reefs 210 century 394, 410–12, 440 foreign-owned enterprises 380 Bean, Charles 533–4 public health reform 472–3 Chinese immigrants 506 Bedouin people 227 social problems 489 Chinese New Year 359–61 Bell, Alexander Graham 432 social unrest 459–60 Churchill, Winston 528 Bertalli’s Alpine Breads 146 Swing Riots 443, 456 cities BHP Billiton 167 trade unions 461–2 accessibility 337 biodiesel 379 urbanisation and encroachment on agricultural biodiversity overcrowding 453 land 280 in Australia 269 457–8 providing equal access 337–8 loss of 252, 267–9 see also civil law 37 biofuels 279–80 British East India Company Clarkson, Thomas 487 biomes 403–4 clearfelling 213 and food security 313–15 British Empire climate climate and 211, 213–14 and Industrial Revolution altitude and 214 conversion to agriculture 268 397, 406 biomes and 211, 213–14 definition 198, 200 American colonies 404 influences on 214–15 impact of food production 251–2 expansion 403–6 landforms and 214 in Australia 211–13 extent in 1800 405, 406 latitude and 214–15 major biomes of the world 200 raw materials from colonies modification of 236–7 modification for 397, 406 ocean currents and air agriculture 236–8 Seven Years’ War 405 movement 215 role of soil 215–17 trade 403–4, 408 climate change types 200–2 Budj Bim National Heritage and cereal crop production 288 biophysical world 251–2 Landscape 232 and food security 286–8 Black Death 410 building societies 130 predicted consequences 287 Black Hand 520 Bullecourt, capture of 539 climate classification, of blast furnaces 422 business case studies, Australia 211 blended marketing 149–50 analysing 166–7 clipper ships 429, 430 Blind Heroes Fund 542 business sector 84–5 clothing industry BlueScope 166 impact of globalisation 379–80 Body Shop 163–4 C sweatshops 381 Boer War 558 Cabinet 27–8 coalition governments 5 Bogong moths 231–2 canals 425 coalmining Bosnia 520 capital 85 child labour 451 Boulton, Matthew 416 capital growth 131 extraction methods 421 box scattergrams 301 capital investment 157–8 Mines Commission Boxer Rebellion 558 capitalism 464 (1840–42) 448–9 bribery 68 ‘captain’s calls’ 26 workers and conditions 447–9 Britain car industry coastal wetlands abolition of slavery 487 in Asia 377–8 cross-section 205 alliances 518 in Australia 380 importance 205, 261 child labour 451–2, 470 in United States 378–9 loss of 261 convict transportation 489–90, car trade 377 nature of 205 491–3 cartoons 262 coercion of witnesses 69 crime and punishment 489–90 Castle Hill rebellion 495 Combination Acts 461 enclosure movement, cattle stations 240 committal hearings 43–4 impact 440–4 censorship 541 common law 51 factory reform 471 Chadwick, Edwin 470, 472 communism 464 food riots 442 change, as geographical competition, and innovation 144–5 government inquiries 439 concept 192–3 Competition and Consumer Act 2010 government statistics 439 Chartists 461, 466 (Cth) 46 housing and sanitation 454, 470, child labour competitive advantage 144 472–3 chimney sweeps 452 achieving efficiencies and cutting Poor Laws 455–7, 470 in coal mines 451, 470 costs 154–5

576 INDEX

BMIndex.indd Page 576 31/10/17 10:08 AM corporate social responsibility Crompton, Samuel 419 interest groups 19 162–4 crop rotation 401, 444 opinion polls 18–19 differentiation 159–60 Crystal Palace, London 391 political party activities 19–20 improving productivity 157–8 cultural tourism 359–61 public debate 17 improving profit margin 154 cumulative line graphs 376 social media 20 internal operations strategies 160 Cunningham, Phillip 495 traditional media 17–18 meeting changing demands 153 electoral system see Australian pursuing 153–5 D electoral system reducing cost of products 156–7 Dalywoi Bay, NT, map 207 Emden, sinking of 527 research and development 160–1 Darby, Abraham 422 emigration strategies 156–61 Darwin, Charles 468, 469 during gold rushes 503–6 competitive global market 153 Darwinism 468–9 to Australia 499–502 complex choropleth maps 278 debt management 138–40 Empire Day 542, 556 compulsory voting 9–10 decision-making procedure 55–6 employees conciliation 48 Declaration of the Rights of Man and in Australia 171–2 conscription 516, 547–9 of the Citizen 466, 467 changing roles 174–6 consent orders 44 Deen Maar Indigenous Protected competition and job consumer law disputes 46–7 Area 232 insecurity 175–6 consumer protection 46 defendants 37 entitlements 178 container fish farming 310 deforestation 200 in global workplace 176 convict life 496 delivery speed 159–60 intrapreneurs 176 convict transportation 489 desertification 264, 278 retrenchments by industry 175 to America and West Africa 490 deserts traditional roles 175 to Australia 489, 491–3, 498 as biome 201 employers 172 convicts, secondary in Australia 213 responsibilities in punishment 497–8 soils 216 workplace 177–9 Cook, Captain James 492, 493 dietary change enclosure movement coral atolls 210 and sustainable food changes in agriculture 399–400 coral polyps 208 production 308 impact on rural population 440–4 coral reefs in Asia 308 endemic species 269 anatomy of 209 impacts 307 Engels, Friedrich 466 benefits of 210 differentiation 159–60 English Civil War 407 formation 208, 210 digital technologies 151–2 Entente Cordiale 518 threats to 210 Disability Discrimination Act 1992 enterprise 85 corporate social responsibility (Cth) 61 environment, as geographical benefits of 162 discrimination 60–1 concept 194 and competitive advantage 162–4 divergence graphs 354 environmental law disputes strategies 162–3 dividends 131 administrative action 49 Cort, Henry 423 Donoghue v. Stevenson (1932) 54 civil action 49–50 costs, lowering 154–5 doughnut charts 350 criminal action 50 cottage industry 417 Dual Alliance 517 environmental managers 188 cotton trade, slavery and 484–5 duty of care 53–4 environmental refugees 287 court delays 70–1 Eugene, Oregon, walkability 334–5 court hierarchy E Eumerella Wars 232 appeals 67 economic growth 94–5, 180 Eureka Rebellion 461 Commonwealth and states 40 economic performance Europe High Court of Australia 40 alternative indicators 97–8 alliances at beginning of 1914 517 higher courts 39 indicators 93–7 industrialisation 431 intermediate courts 38–9 economic questions 89–92 European Union, impact of climate jurisdiction 36–7 economy see Australian economy change 288 lower courts 38 ecotourism 357–8 evolutionary theory 468–9 roles of particular courts 41–4 education, as export industry 371–2 exports courts, law-making role 51–4 eel farming 232 agricultural exports 375 credit unions 129 efficiencies, achieving 154–5 education 37–8 Crimes Act 1914 (Cth) 69 egalitarianism 466, 503 from Australia 37–8 Criminal Code Act 1995 (Cth) 68 election campaigns 16 wheat 374 criminal law 36–7 advertising 19 extremism 385

INDEX 577

BMIndex.indd Page 577 31/10/17 10:08 AM F food problems 220 strategy 528 factories, textile manufacturing 396, food production 221–2 Turkish counterattack 530–1 419–20 Australia and 239–41 withdrawal 532 Factory Acts (UK) 470, 471 environmental factors 234 geographical cartoons 262 fair trade movement fertiliser use 234 geographical concepts 189 and active consumerism 304 future changes 294–5 change 192–3 and non-government organisations global protein demand 257 environment 194 and (NGOs) 384 impact on biomes 251–2 interconnection 191–2 Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) 180 improving 294–5 place 190–1 Fairtrade International increases in 234 scale 189–90 benefits to farmers 306 trade and economic factors space 195–6 certification 305, 384 234–5 sustainability 195 producer countries 305 use of technology 236 geographical skills 187 Family Court of Australia 39, 44 food riots 442 geography, work and careers Family First Party 7 food security in 187–8 farmland areas, creating 242–3 Australia and 274 George v. Skivington (1869) 53 farms, types in Australia 240–1 biomes and 313–15 geospatial skills 187 Federal Circuit Court of climate change and 286–8 German New Guinea 524, 526, Australia 38 components of 273 559, 560 Federal Court of Australia 39 impact of land grabs 282 Germany federal elections meaning of 272 alliances 517 counting House of Representatives Food Security Risk Index 274, 275 declares war on Russia and votes 21–3 food shortages, land loss France 520 counting Senate votes 23–4 and 278–82 industrialisation 431 voting procedure 14–15 food staples revolution 559 federal electorates around the world 223 strikes 550 number 12 fish 225 unification 467 size 11 maize 224 war reparations 559 federal government, forming wheat 224 GIS (geographical information of 24–5 food trade 373–5 system) 256 fertiliser use 234, 238 foreign policy 558–61 global financial crisis 103–4 financial risks forests Global Liveability Ranking 97 protection from 135–7 as biomes 200 global market, overseeing of 111 types 133–5 impact of clearing 254–5 global supply chains 117–19 financial intermediaries 86–7 importance 253 global workplace 176 financial sector 86–7 old-growth forests 212–13 globalisation First Fleet 492–3, 495 reasons for clearing 254 benefits 110 fish formal votes 22 downside 110 as staple food 225 France economic issues 109–10 container fish farming 310 alliances 517–18 environmental sustainability farming of 260–1 industrialisation 431 and 111 overfishing 257–9 Seven Years’ War 405 impact on Australia 111 protection of sharks 260 Franco-Russian Alliance 517 impact on clothing Fisher, Andrew 525 Franz Ferdinand, Archduke 520 industry 379–80 flow maps 387–8 French army, mutinies 550 international economy Foljambe, Joseph 400 French Revolution 466 and 109–12 food aid fringing coral reefs 210 nature of 108 cash vouchers 300 frontbenchers 27 the internet and 112 definition 298 Fulton, Robert 432 gold rushes 503–6 donors 299 goldsmith bankers 409 in Australia 301–3 G Goldstein, Vida 545 recipients 299 Gallipoli campaign government sector 87–8 school feeding programs 300 casualties 533 government statistics 439 food insecurity conditions 531 governments causes 276 landing of Anzacs 529–30, 533–5 responsibilities in countries at risk 275, 276 Lone Pine diversion 531 workplace 180–1 impact 276 Nek, the 531–2 role in workplace 173

578 INDEX

BMIndex.indd Page 578 31/10/17 10:08 AM Grant v. Australian Knitting Mills imports intensive farming 241 (1936) 54 effects on economy 116 interconnection 191–2 graphs nature of 113 interest 129 cumulative line graphs 376 reasons for 115–16 interest groups 19 developing from tables 124–5 top 30 countries of origin 114 intermediate courts 38–9 divergence graphs 354 top ten goods and services International Covenant on Civil and multiple line graphs 376 115, 372 Political Rights 70 ternary graphs 233 independent members of international relations 558–61 grasslands parliament 7 international students 371–2 as Australian biome 212 India, Kolkata wetland system 311 internet, benefits to as biome 201 Indigenous Australians globalisation 112 characteristics 203 food aid 303 intrapreneurs 176 importance of 204 food insecurity 231, 303 investment, types 131–2 world grassland locations 203 relationship to land 323–5 iron production 422–3 Green Revolution 234, 235 see also Aboriginal peoples; Torres irrigation greenhouse gases 253 Strait Islander peoples environmental impacts 266 greenhouses 237, 296 industrial action 173 purpose 242, 265 Greenway, Francis 496 Industrial Revolution rice production and 246, 247 Griffith, NSW 242–3 banking system and 409 types 236 Gunditjmara people 232 canals 425 isoline maps 337 causes 395–7 Italy coalmining 421, 447–51 joins Allies 522, 524 H entrepreneurship 408 unification 467 Hargreaves, Edward 503 historical sources on 393–4, Hargreaves, James 419 438–9 J Heaven v. Pender (1883) 53 horse power 413 Japan Henty family 501 iron production 422–3 2011 tsunami 104–5 Hetherington, Henry 461 meaning of term 393 demands for racial equality 560 High Court of Australia 40 population explosion 394, industrialisation 433 489, 499 410–12, 440 job insecurity 175–6 Hindenburg line 539 power sources 413–16 Johnston, William 495 historical debate 533–4 railways 427–9 judges, appointment and tenure 64 history, cause and effect in 395 rise of middle class 407–8 judicial independence 63–5 horse power 413 roads 426 juries 38 household final consumption per shipping 429–30 jurisdiction 37 person 368 steam power 415–16 just-in-time (JIT) real estate 158 household sector 83–4 textile industry 417–20 justice, principles of 59 Hughes, William Morris (‘Billy’) timeline of social changes 437 justice system see Australian justice 547, 548, 559, 560–1 timeline of technological system Huli people 228 changes 392 Human Development Index (HDI) transport 424–30 K 97, 385, 386 water power 414 Kalahari Bushmen (San) 226–7 human rights disputes 47–9 wind power 415 Katter’s Australian Party 7 human rights protection 60–1 Industrial Workers of the World Kay, John 419 humanitarian principles 385 (IWW) 541 knighthoods, reintroduction of 26, hunger inflation 96–7 28–30 impacts 291–2 informal votes 22 Kolkata wetland system 311 problem of 291 innovation see also food insecurity competition and 144–5 L hunters and gatherers 226–7 definition 145 Labor Party see Australian Labor hydroponics 310 examples of 146–7 Party (ALP) fostering in business 146 labour 84 I open innovation 150–1 land identity theft 135 process innovation 146–7 competition for 279–82 illegal wildlife trade 387 product innovation 145–6, 147 differing perceptions and Imperial Camel Corps 538 types of 145–6 management 324 imperialism 464–5, 517 insurance 136 importance 323

INDEX 579

BMIndex.indd Page 579 31/10/17 10:08 AM land (continued) marginal lands 324 Nick Xenophon Team 7 Indigenous Australian relationship marketing 149–50 Nokia supply chain 117–19 to 323–4, 325 markets, influences on 90–1 nomadic herders 227 marginal lands 324 Marx, Karl 464, 466 non-government organisations land degradation Marxism 552 (NGOs), and fair trade 384 causes 263, 279 Marxism–Leninism 553 Norfolk Island penal settlement 497 extent of 252, 279 materials management 158 forms 279 Meals on Wheels 303 O impacts 264 media obiter dictum 52 nature of 263 in election campaigns 17–18 ocean currents, and climate 215 land grabs 280–1 trial by media 70 Official Development Assistance land loss see also social media (ODA) 384 causes 278 mediation 44 offshore companies, top food shortages and 278–82 medical tourism 345–6 locations 381 land reclamation 238 Meikle, Andrew 413 offshoring 156 landforms, influence on climate 214 Melbourne Olympic Games, impact of landscape architects 188 20-minute neighbourhoods holding 363–4 landscapes, modification for 333, 334 open innovation 150–1 agriculture 238 accessibility 338 open-field farming 398–9, 444–5 laneway revival 326–7 bike paths 331 operations strategies 160 latitude, climate and 214–15 laneways 326, 327 opinion polls 18–19 leaders’ debates 17 population during gold rushes 504 opportunity cost 92 League of Nations 560, 561 ministers 4 Opposition (Australian legal system see Australian legal mixed farms 241 government) 4 system mobile phone production original jurisdiction 66 Lenin, Vladimir 552, 553 assembly 118 Ottoman Empire 467 Liberal Party of Australia 5–6 components 118 outdoor relief 455, 456 Light Horse Brigade 526, 531, 538 raw materials 117–18 outsourcing 156 Lincoln, Abraham 488 sustainability issues 119 Owen, Robert 464, 466, 470 liveability, 20-minute monoculture 263, 282 neighbourhoods 333, 334 Morse, Samuel 42 P livestock trade 375 mountains, influence on climate 214 pacifism 542, 545 Local Courts 38 movement of peoples Palmer United Party 7 logging 212 historical sources 477–8 Papua, Australian Lovett, William 461 timeline 1750–1914 476 administration 560 lower courts 38 multiple line graphs 376 Paris Peace Conference 559–61 Luddites 459 park rangers 188 N parliamentary debate 30–1 M Napoleonic Wars 467 parliaments, fixed or maximum McDonald’s, ‘Create Your National Belgian Relief Fund 542 terms 10 Taste’ 147 national employment standards patents 393 Magistrates Courts 38 (NES) 178 patriotism 542–3, 545 civil jurisdiction 44 National Party of Australia 5, 6 Pauline Hanson’s One Nation criminal jurisdiction 43–4 national security 385 Party 7 maize, as staple food 224 nationalism 467, 517 permafrost 201 majority rule 8 naval arms race 518 perspectives, identifying and managed funds 132 Navigation Acts (Imp) 408 analysing 474 mangroves 206 negligence, law of 54 460, 461 Mannix, Daniel 548 neighbourhoods, accessibility 335–6 Philip, Prince, knighthood 26, 28–30 maps net profit 155 Phillip, Governor Arthur 492, complex choropleth maps 278 New South Wales, colony of 493, 494 flow maps 387–8 early trials and challenges 494–5 photography, analysing 562 isoline maps 337 gold rush 503, 504, 506 picking oakum 457, 458 proportional circle maps 306 settlement 493 pig iron 422–3 thematic maps 199 Newcomen, Thomas 415 Pitt, William 487 topographic maps 208, 244 newspapers 18 place, as geographical topological maps 322 Nicholas II, Tsar 550 concept 190–1

580 INDEX

BMIndex.indd Page 580 31/10/17 10:08 AM places radical nationalism 556 Sex Discrimination Act 1984 changes over time 326 radio 18 (Cth) 60 mapping of 321 railways 427–9 sharemarket 131 perceptions of 320 ratio decidendi 52 sharemarket charts, reading 140–2 plaintiffs 37 raw materials 397 shares 131–2 plantation farming 241 recklessness 50 sharks Plumpy’nut 292 Red Cross 545 overfishing 259 pneumatophores 206 Reibey, Mary 496 protection of 260 policy agenda, setting 30 relative scarcity 82, 89 sheep stations 240 policy-making, in Australian remand 43 shifting agriculture 228 politics 26–8 repatriation 554 shipping 429–30 political parties 4–5 representative democracy 3 Sinn Fein 547 formation of 5 research, carrying out 105–6 Slater, Samuel 432 in Australia 5–8 research and development slave trade Poor Laws (UK) 455–7, 470 (R&D) 160–1 abolition in America 488 population growth 292 respondents 66 cotton trade and 484–5 Port Arthur penal settlement restructuring 156 early opposition 486–7 497–8 résumés, preparing 181–3 end in Britain 488 portfolios 27–8 rice, importance of 245 kidnappings and trading position descriptions 175 rice production arrangements 480 precedent in Asia 245–7 Mansfield Judgement 487 application of 53–4 in Australia 247–8 Middle Passage, the 481 creation of 52 robotic technology 379 origins 479 doctrine of 51–2 Romania 524 selling of slaves 481–2 preferential voting 11–12, 22–3 Rotherham plough 400–1 Smith, Adam 464, 487 Prime Minister and Cabinet Rural Access Program 339 Snap Laundromat 146–7 responsibilities and decision Russia social media making 26–30 Bolshevik revolution 552–3 business use 148–9 shaping policy and law 30–1 involvement in World War I in election campaigns 20 prime ministers 28 550, 553 social reports 163 Princip, Gavrilo 520 Provisional Government socialism 464 private members’ bills 27 550–1, 552 soil problem solving procedure 55–6 Russian army 550 differences in 215–16 process innovation 146 modification for agriculture 238 product innovation 145–6 S organisms in 217 productivity, improving 157–8 salinity 266, 278 role in biomes 215–17 profit margins, improving 154 salt marshes 206 the Somme, First Battle of 538 propaganda 542 Samsung, open innovation 151 Sophie, Duchess 520 proportional circle maps 306 San people 226–7 space, as geographical proportional representation 12–14, sanitation 454, 470, 472–3 concept 195–6 23–4 satellite images 283 ‘Spanish’ influenza 554 Public Health Acts (UK) 472–3 savanna see grasslands spatial relationships, in thematic public transport savings 136–7, 139–40 maps 199 changing needs 328 scale 189–90 spatial technologies connecting with 328 scams 133, 135 meteorologists 188 forms and uses 329 school feeding programs 300 species extinctions 268 satisfaction with 329–30 Scientific Revolution 463 441–2 ‘puddling’ 423 scrutineers 22 sport tourism 362–4 seagrass meadows 206, 212 Statute of Monopolies 1623 Q secret ballot 9 (Imp) 408 quality 159 seed drill 400 steam engines 396, 415–16 Question Time 30 Senate steam ships 430 quota of votes required 23–4 Stephenson, George 427, 428 R as states’ house 11 stock breeding 401–2 Racial Discrimination Act 1975 separation of powers 63 subsistence agriculture 226, 398 (Cth) 60 Serbia 520 Sudan Campaign 558 racial equality 560 Seven Years’ War 405 Sundrop Farms 295–6, 297

INDEX 581

BMIndex.indd Page 581 31/10/17 10:08 AM superannuation 137, 179 medical tourism 345–6 U funds 137 negative impacts 355 unemployment 95–6 supply chain management 117 positive impacts 356 United Nations Supreme Courts 39 sport tourism 362–4 Sustainable Development Goals appellate jurisdiction 42 trends 344 (SDGs) 385 original jurisdiction 41 tourist destinations World Food Programme state differences 41 in Australia 352 (WFP) 298–9, 385 surveyors 188 for Australians 350 United States surveys 73–5, 353 top 10 countries 348 abolition of slavery 488 sustainability, as geographical types of 343 American Revolution 406, 490 concept 195 tourists car industry 378–9 Sustainable Development Goals accommodation 348–9 cotton industry and (SDGs) 385 top ten spenders 348 slavery 484–5 sweatshops 381 types 343 industrialisation 432 Swing Riots 443, 456 visiting Australia 351–2 joins Allies 523, 539 Sydney Cove, penal settlement 493, trade Universal Declaration of Human 494, 496 in animals 375 Rights 60 with Asia region 100–1 universal suffrage 9 T and Australian economy 99–100 urban farming 309–10 tables, creating and analysing 31–2 Australia’s trade organisation 369 US Declaration of Independence taxation 179 Australia’s trading partners 370 (1776) 466 technology applications, investing car trade 377 in 158 exports 371–2 V television news 17 fair trade movement 34–5, 382–4 Villers-Bretonneux 540 temperate zones, soils 216 in food 373–5 term deposits 132 in goods and services 367–8 W ternary graphs 233 problems of 304, 382 walkability 333–5 Tesco’s, virtual supermarkets 151 trading partners 101 Walkability Index 335 textile industry see also exports; imports war, glorification of 516 conditions in factories 445–6 trade unions 172–3, 461–2 war graves 557 innovation in Industrial transects 208 war memorials 555, 557 Revolution 418–19 transnational corporations War Precautions Act 1915 move to factory (TNCs) 110 (Cth) 541 production 419–20 biggest and richest 121–2 water traditional cottage definition 120 insecurity 284 industry 417–18 positives and negatives 122–3 power 414 Thanksgiving 359 regulation of 123 quality of, deterioration 285 thematic maps, spatial relationships worldwide assets and sales 120–1 scarcity, causes of 284 in 199 Travelling Kitchen Fund 542 security, threats to 283 tidal flats 206 Treaty of Neuilly 559 stress 284 462 Treaty of St Germain 559 waterlogging 266 topographic maps Treaty of Sèvres 559 watertable 266 patterns and correlations 244 Treaty of Trianon 559 Watt, James 416 transects 208 Treaty of Versailles 559 Western-style diet 308 topological maps 322 treeline 200 wetlands Torres Strait Islander people trench warfare 535–7 in Australia 212 food sources 230 trial by media 70 Kolkata wetland system 311 sustainable lifestyle 229 Triple Alliance 517 see also coastal wetlands tourism Triple Entente 517, 518 wheat, as staple food 224 Australian tourism 351 ‘triple-F’ crisis 280 wheat farms, in Australia 240–1 cultural tourism 359–61 tropical rainforests, soils 216 White Australia Policy 506, ecotourism 357–8 Trotsky, Leon 552, 553 559, 560 future of 344–5 Tull, Jethro 400 Whitney, Eli 432, 484 impacts 354–6 tundra 201, 216 Wilberforce, William 487 importance 342–3 Turkey, massacre of Armenians 524 Wilhelm II, Kaiser 518, 559 in 347–8 turnpike trusts 426 Wilson, Woodrow 560, 561 increase in 344 20-minute neighbourhoods 333, 334 wind power 415

582 INDEX

BMIndex.indd Page 582 31/10/17 10:08 AM witnesses, coercion of 69 workplace health and safety homefront 541–6 women (WHS) 178 in the colonies 524 war effort 545–6 workplace legislation 180 long-term causes 516–18 workforce participation 169, 545 World Fair Trade Organization 382 Middle East theatre 526 Work Health and Safety Act 2011 World Food Programme repatriation 554 (Cth) 178, 180 (WFP) 298–9, 385 Somme, the First Battle of 538 workhouses 455, 456, 457–8 World Happiness Report 97–8 timeline 512 working hours 179 World Trade Organization trench warfare 535–7 workplace (WTO) 369 triggers 519–21 changes in 169–70 World War I Villers-Bretonneux 540 employer responsibilities 177–9 Allied victory 539–40 war at sea 523, 526 global workplace 176 Australia’s support for Britain 525 Western Front 522, 526, 535, government responsibilities battlefronts 522, 523 538–40 in 180–1 Bullecourt, capture of 539 Ypres, Third Battle of 539 impact of competition and causes of 516–21 see also Gallipoli campaign technology 174–5 Eastern Front 522, 539, 550 participants in 170–1 Hindenburg line 539 Y workplace agreements 181 historical sources 513–15 Ypres, Third Battle of 539

INDEX 583

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