December 2000 Medicine Biotechnology
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OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. 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Box 300, 1400 Vienna, Austria Tel: (+43-1) 26026-0 · www.unido.org · [email protected] MH<:llOPMA!.1HOHHblti1 UEHTP l1EHTP "6HOHH)KEHEPHfl" PAH ' ' lb' CENTRE "BIOENGINEERING" RAS INFORMATION CENTER SPECIAL ISSUE DECEMBER 2000 MEDICINE BIOTECHNOLOGY INFORMATION DIGEST Ladies and Gentlemen, Present edition ofInformation Digest is dedicated to the latest achievements in medicine biotechnology published in mass-media. Modern biotechnology revolutionizes medicine by developing new approaches to prevent, diagnose and treat diseases. We hope our digest will be useful to understand the new technologies in biomedicine. A Special Issue of the Digest on global trends in medicine biotechnology was supported by UNIDO in the framework of UNIDO Programme "Moscow Region: Building Strategic Partnerships for Enhancing Industrial Peiformance and Competitiveness". Director Centre "Bioengineering" Russian Academy ofSciences Professor ~ Konstantin Skryabin IJN!DO 8i.1pr0rting under Collaboration Programme UNIDOand RUSSIAN FEOERA TION RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCE CONTENT Global Trends in Medicine Biotechnology.................... 3 Contain Hepatitis B Vaccine ......................................... 19 President Clinton Announces the Completion of the First Hepatitis Antibody Made from GM Rice ......................... 19 Survey of the Entire Human Genome......................................... 5 Israeli and American Scientists Have Created the Vaccine which Prevented the Development of AIDS in Monkeys during the l 4D-days' Experiment. But It Is too Early to Speak about the Possible Application of the Vaccine for Biotechnology's Impact on Diseases of the Elderly: A Humans .......................................................................................... 20 VVhite Paper........................................................................... 7 Possible Potato Vaccine .................................................. 20 The British Scientists from the International Mice Protected by Vaccine in GM Potatoes ........ 21 Gardening Institute Are Planning to Develop Apples and An Edible Anti-hepatitis Vaccine Based on Genetic Strawberry which Prevent Caries Due to the Introduced Engineering Is Developed by the Scientists from the Cornell Gene....................................................................................... 8 University. ....................................................................................... 22 Gene Find Offers Hope to Mentally Ill .......................... 9 Cell Genesys Comments on CBS Segment Highlighting GM Virus "Cure" for Heart Disease ................................ 9 Preliminary Clinical Result in GVAX® Lung Cancer New, Noninvasive Test Detects Most Colon Vaccine Trial. ....................................................................... 22 Cancers ........................................................................... 10 Russian Scientists Working on Meningitis B Vaccine Ovarian Cancer Drug Approved in EU .......................... 11 Have Got First Encouraging Results in Laboratory Newfound Protein Touches off Race for New Animals ................................................................................ 23 Therapies ............................................................................. 11 The Vaccine for Hepatitis Will Be Planted on Garden New Hope for Heart Failure Patients ................................... 13 Beds ............................................................................................... 24 HIV Gene Breakthrough................................................ 13 Scientists Tempt Old with Mental Magic of Youth ..... 14 Gene Breakthrough May Help Leukemia Treatment....................................................................... 14 Gene Therapy May Offer Hope in Parkinson's Nexell Therapeutics Inc. Receives U.S. Patent for Treatment............................................................................ 25 Genetic Modification and Use of Key Human Immune The Experiments on the Gene Therapy, Carried out in System Cell ........................................................................... 15 Monkeys, Demonstrate Relieving the Symptoms in the Medicine: Virus Hope for Diabetics ..................................... 16 Animal Model Parkinson's Disease .................................. 26 Apoptosis Is a Way to Treat Cancer............................... 17 Cancer Cell Protein May Be Key to Gene Therapy. .... 26 "Fishy" Chocolate to Cut Heart Disease ........................ 18 Russian Transplantologists Say That in XXI Century Pigs Will Become the Main Suppliers of Donor Organs for Tomatoes and Bananas Genetically Modified to Human ................................................................................. 27 .2 ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................u ....................................................... ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................0 •••••••••• GLOBAL TRENDS IN MEDICINE BIOTECHNOLOGY The first century of the new millennium will be In 1999, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration remembered by historians for revolutionary advances (FDA) approved more than 20 biotechnology drugs, in biomedical research. Decoding the human genome vaccines and new indications for existing medicines, will lead to new ways to prevent, diagnose, treat, and pushing the number of marketed biotech drugs and cure disease. vaccines to more than 90. Biotechnology is changing the face of medicine. The Biotechnology is revolutionizing every facet of United States leads the world in medicine medicine from diagnosis to treatment of all diseases. It biotechnology innovation. There are over 1300 biotech is detailing life at the molecular level and someday will companies in USA. Collectively, these firms employ take much of the guesswork out of disease management over 150,000 people. The biotechnology industry and treatment. accounts for over $10 billion in research and discovery Clinton's budget for 2001 would increase funding for activities annually and revenues of over $18 billion. the National Institutes of Health (NIH) up to 6 per About 90 biotechnology products have been approved cent, to $18.8 billion. by the Food and Drug Administration. More telling of Development drugs is a tough business, but the rewards the growing strength of this industry is the fact that over can be phenomenal. It takes on average around $600 350 biotechnology products are in late stage clinical millions and 10-12 years to bring a product to market - trials. there is still a lot to play for. The specialists estimate the Biotech companies will likely have an increasing global pharma market is growing at 7.8 %/year and will important role in providing medicines in the 21st be worth $406 billion in 2002. century. By 2002 North America, Europe, Japan and Latin Table 1 Table 2 2001J.Pharma Market Size by f BN Leading Pharma Firms by Size North America 170 1. Merck&Co Europe 101 I 2. AstraZeneca Japan 46 I 3. Pfizer Latin America 31 4. Glaxo Welcome l 5. Novartis SE Asia!China 20 6. Bristol-Myers Squibb Eastern Europe 7 7. Johnson & Jo1mson Middle East 11 8. Wru.ner-Lambert Africa 5 I 9. Ame.ri.c2:ll Home Products India 7 10. Eli Lilly Austral•ia 5 I CIS 3 l • Worldwide, based 011 pharmacy purchased. l for 13 leadln.g markets in July 1999 Total 406 SOURCE: IMS HEALTH I SOf..lRCE: IMS HEALTH 3 •OoooooooooHOOHO••ooooooooHHHOO•••oO•••HO•o•OHHO•O•oooooooooooo•o•oooooooooooo•H•HOHOOO .. UOOHOHHOOOHHOO••O•O .. OOOOHOOHOOO•OooOOOOOOOOOOOHooO .. OOOOOOHOO.. OOOOOO•OOOo•OOOOO•OO•OOOOOoOOOOOoOoO•oooOoooooooooooooo•HOO•OOOoOOOO•OHOo•oOOOOOOH