2017 Rule Change Proposal 11

Purpose of Proposal: To add , cutleaf silverpuffs to Volume 1, Table 2A and Volume 3 the AOSA Rules.

Present Rule: None

Proposed Rule:

Volume 1. Principles and Procedures

Table 2A. Weights for working samples. Minimum Minimum weight for Approximate Approximate Pure weight noxious- number of number of Seed Chaffy Kind of seed for purity weed seed or seeds per seeds per Unit Seed a analysis b bulk gram c ounce d # examination Grams Grams Number Number Microseris laciniata (Hook.) Sch. 28 Yes Bip. 3 30 820 23,235 cutleaf silverpuffs

Volume 3. Uniform Classification of Weed and Crop Seeds CONTAMINATING NOMEN COMMON SPP. SCIENTIFIC NAME Family CLASSIFICATION # NAME CLASS A F H R S T V Microseris laciniata (Hook.) cutleaf 412997 R W W W C W W W Sch. Bip. silverpuffs

Harmonization and Impact Statement: Microseris laciniata is not in the Canadian M & P, the Federal Seed Act Regulations, nor the ISTA Rules. Adding working weights, a pure seed unit definition, and classification guidelines to the AOSA Rules will standardize seed testing procedures among laboratories.

Supporting Evidence: M. laciniata is a taprooted perennial species in the sunflower family (Asteraceae) consisting of four allopatric subspecies that intergrade where they come in contact (FNA 2006). Diagnostic characters are primarily based on the phyllaries and pappi. The species is generally known by the common name cutleaf silverpuffs. It is native to the western United States from to northern and Nevada, where it grows in forest and grassland habitat.

The seed unit is a single-seeded indehiscent fruit (achene) (Figure 1). Seed counts were conducted at the Agri Seed Testing Lab on eight commercial seed lots received from 2008 to 2016. The seed count method used was in accordance to AOSA Rules, Section 13: Non- mechanical Seed Count and Working Weight Determinations (Figure 2). Refer to Appendix 1 of this proposal for replicate data. The coefficient of variation among replicates for each seed lot 1 and 6 – 8 does not exceed 4.0; therefore, all eight replicates were included in the calculation of the recommended purity working weight for each seed lot. For lots 2 – 5, the coefficient of variation for replicates 1 – 8 exceeds 4.0; therefore, an additional eight replicates were counted for this lot. For lot 4, an outlier exceeding two standard deviations from the mean of 16 replicates was eliminated in the calculation of the recommended purity working weight for his lot. For seed lots 2, 3, and 5, no outliers exceeding two standard deviations from the mean of 16 replicates were found; therefore, all sixteen replicates were included in the calculation of the recommended purity working weights for these seed lots.

Figure 1. Seed units of Microseris laciniata, cutleaf sliverpuffs. Photo by D. Meyer.

Figure 2. Purity working weights of eight commercial seed lots of cutleaf silverpuffs based on non- mechanical seed counts. The red line indicates the average purity working sample weight across all eight seed lots is 3.1 gram.

Sources for general information provided above and additional information on this species can be found in the following reference and websites:

Flora of (FNA) Editorial Committee. 2006. Flora of North America Vol. 19 Magnoliophyta: Asteridae, part 6: Asteraceae, part 1 (Aster order). Oxford University Press. http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=MILA http://www.pnwflowers.com/flower/microseris-laciniata https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microseris_laciniata

Submitted by: Sharon Davidson, RST, Agri Seed Testing, Inc., 1930 Davcor ST SE, Salem, OR 97302 [email protected]; Deborah Meyer, Purity Subcommittee AOSA Co-chair, [email protected]; and Gil Waibel, Purity Subcommittee SCST Co-chair, [email protected]

Date Submitted: October 1, 2016; revised 1-4-2017 Appendix 1

Replicate data for eight commercial seed lots received from 2008 to 2016. Replicate weights (g) represent 100 seed units. Lot 1 Lot 2 Lot 3 Lot 4 Lot 5 Lot 6 Lot 7 Lot 8 rep 1 0.126 0.118 0.131 0.152 0.131 0.142 0.11 0.088 rep 2 0.124 0.113 0.134 0.137 0.136 0.141 0.11 0.094 rep 3 0.125 0.127 0.131 0.14 0.12 0.144 0.103 0.095 rep 4 0.117 0.115 0.142 0.141 0.121 0.139 0.111 0.093 rep 5 0.123 0.136 0.132 0.14 0.132 0.135 0.107 0.091 rep 6 0.123 0.134 0.129 0.142 0.128 0.136 0.108 0.092 rep 7 0.123 0.127 0.141 0.153 0.13 0.135 0.105 0.089 rep 8 0.123 0.127 0.126 0.138 0.121 0.14 0.102 0.095 rep 9 x 0.127 0.125 0.143 0.132 x x x rep 10 x 0.129 0.141 0.149 0.135 x x x rep 11 x 0.131 0.136 0.152 0.13 x x x rep 12 x 0.134 0.136 0.144 0.128 x x x rep 13 x 0.129 0.129 0.109 0.131 x x x rep 14 x 0.124 0.134 0.156 0.122 x x x rep 15 x 0.142 0.136 0.145 0.127 x x x rep 16 x 0.137 0.128 0.135 0.126 x x x mean reps 1-8 (g) 0.123 0.124625 0.13325 0.142875 0.127375 0.139 0.107 0.092125 stdev reps 1-8 0.002673 0.008501 0.0056 0.006151 0.005999 0.003381 0.003381 0.002642 CoVar reps 1-8 2.172856 6.821304 4.202435 4.305417 4.709332 2.432099 3.159455 2.868249 Mean reps 1-16 (g) 0.128125 0.133188 0.14225 0.128125 Stdev reps 1-16 0.007907 0.005269 0.010854 0.004992 2X stdev reps 1-16 0.015813 0.010538 0.021707 0.009983

Mean reps 1-16 + 2X 0.143938 0.143726 0.163957 0.138108 stdev

Mean reps 1-16 - 2x 0.112312 0.122649 0.120543 0.118142 stdev Sum reps 1-16 2.05 2.131 2.167 2.05 (minus outlier*) Mean reps 1-16 w/o outliers* or mean 0.123 0.128125 0.133188 0.144467 0.128125 0.139 0.107 0.092125 reps 1-8 (g)

# seeds/lb 368,780 354,029 340,573 313,982 354,029 326,331 423,925 492,374 purity wt. (g) 3.075 3.203125 3.329688 3.611667 3.203125 3.475 2.675 2.303125 wt./seed (g) 0.00123 0.001281 0.001332 0.001445 0.001281 0.00139 0.00107 0.000921 # seeds/g 813.0081 780.4878 750.8212 692.2012 780.4878 719.4245 934.5794 1085.482 # seeds/oz 23048.78 22126.83 21285.78 19623.9 22126.83 20395.68 26495.33 30773.41 * Outlier indicated in red text. Mean purity working weight across all seed lots = 3.1 grams Mean number of seeds per gram across all seed lots = 820 Mean number of seeds per ounce across all seed lots = 23,235