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The Bedrock Geology of the Newtown Quadrangle With Open Plate 1 Open Plate 2 STATE GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CONNECTICUT DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION The Bedrock Geology of the Newtown Quadrangle WITH MAP ROLFES. STANLEY University of Vermont AND KATHERINE G. CALDWELL Western Connecticut State College 1976 QUADRANGLE REPORT NO. 33 STATE GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CONNECTICUT DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Honorable Ella T. Gmsso, Governor of Connecticut Joseph N. Gill, Commissioner of the Department of Environmental Protection STATE GEOLOGIST PIRECTOR, NATURAL RESOURCES CENTER Hugo F. Thomas, Ph.D. Hartford, Connecticut EDITOR Lou Williams Page, Ph.D. DISTRIBUTION AND EXCHANGE AGENT Charles E. Funk, State Librarian State Library, Hartford ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract ················································································································--·----··· 1 Introduction ········································-······················································-···--··-·········· 3 Location and accessibility ··-·························································-··························· 3 Topography and drainage ...................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgments ········--···························································································· 4 Previous work ·········································································-······························-· 5 Regional setting ···········-·················-····-···-·············--··--··················--··--·-····-·····-·-···-··· 5 Rocks of Lower and Middle Paleozoic age ................................................................ 7 Introduction ·····························································-···-···········································- 7 Metasedimentruy rocks ···········-····-······················---···-·-·············································· 8 Hartland II .......................................................................................................... 8 Hartland I ............................................................................................................ 12 Collinsville Formation .......................................................................................... 13 Intrusive rocks .......................................................................................................... 13 Brookfield Gneiss ···-·················-···-·····················-·········-············-····-······-··-·-·······-·· 14 Newtown Gneiss ·······················-··································-······································· 15 Foliated granite ·············-······················-······-········-·-·················-··················-·····-···· 16 Rocks of Upper Triassic age ···························-·-··········-···-··-··········-···············-··-·····-···· 17 Correlation and age of the metamorphic rocks ........................................................ 17 Metasedimentary rocks .............................................................................................. 17 Intrusive rocks .......................................................................................................... 19 Metamorphism ······----·-·············-------····-···························-----------------------·--------······-······· 21 Introduction ············································································-···-····························· 21 Isograds ·················-·····························-········-···················-········································· 21 Zoning ........................................................................................................................ 22 Garnet .................................................................................................................. 24 Plagioclase .............................................................................................................. 25 Late metamorphism ·-························································································-····· 26 Structural geology ································································-··-···-···--····-···-···-···---········ 27 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 27 Method of study and description of structural elements ........................................ 27 Minor folds ···························-·········································-··········--······-················-······ 29 F2 folds ···-···--·-········--·-··········------·---··--·····-----·------·--·-·-·-·---·---·--·-·---·---·---·----·· 29 F3( ?) folds ······················································-·-················-··········-·-····················· 29 F4 folds ·····-···········-···-···················-···-·······················-······-······-···-·························· 31 Drag folds ···································································-···-····-····················-··-······· 31 Major structures ·········-··················································--···········-·······-·····················- 32 Major folds ··································································-·································-······· 32 Faults .................................................................................................................... 36 Geologic history ............................................................................................................ 37 Economic geology ······································-········································-···---···-················ 38 Environmental geology ············-······················--························-·····-·····-···-·················· 39 References ···········································-·············-···············-·········································· 42 iii ILLUSTRATIONS Page Plate 1. Geologic map of the Newtown quadrangle --------------------------------(in pocket) 2. Geologic section across the Newtown quadrangle --------------------<in pocket) Figure 1. Map of Connecticut showing location of the Newtown quadrangle and other published quadrangle maps ---------------------------------------------------- 2 2. Generalized geologic map of southwestern Massachusetts and western Connecticut -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 3. Stratigraphic correlation chart for western Connecticut and western Massachusetts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18 4. Intrusive relations of the Brookfield Gneiss, Newtown Gneiss, and granites in the Newtown and Southbury quadrangles ---------------------------- 20 5. Modified Thompson projections for pelitic schist in the Newtown quad- rangle ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23 6. Microprobe profiles across a garnet ------------------------------------------------------------ 25 7. Equal-area projections of F2 and F3(?) folds---------------------------------------- 28 8. Drag folds north of South Britain ------------------------------------------------------------ 30 9. Axial surfaces of fold generations Fl, F2, and F3( ?) in the Newtown quadrangle ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33 10. Diagrammatic sketch of the inferred structures in the Newtown quad­ rangle and the southern part of the Roxbury quadrangle ---------------------- 34 11. Generalized geologic map of the Newtown and Southbury quadrangles 36 TABLES Page Table 1. Modal analyses of three samples from the main body of Hartland II ---- 9 2. Modal analyses of samples of calc-silicate rocks ---------------------------------------- 11 3. Modal analyses of samples from Hartland I -------------------------------------------- 13 4. Modal analyses of a sample from the Brookfield Gneiss ---------------------------- 14 5. Modal analyses of samples from the mafic fades of the Newtown Gneiss 16 6. The composition of the garnet, staurolite, plagioclase, biotite, and chlo- rite in a sample from Hartland II ---------------------------------------------------------------- 22 7. Electron microprobe analysis of a garnet from Hartland II ---------------------- 24 8. Compositions of the cores and rims of three plagioclase grains in a sam- ple from the mafic facies of the Newtown Gneiss ------------------------------------ 24 iv The Bedrock Geology of the Newtown Quadrangle by Rolle S. Stanley and Katherine G. Caldwell ABSTRACT Detailed mapping of 18 units reveals a complex geologic history beginning with deposition of shales, graywackes, and basalts oceanward of the continental platform during the Early Paleozoic, culminating in orogenic activity during Middle to Late Ordovician ( Taconic orogeny) and Middle to Late Devonian ( Acadian orogeny), and terminating with rifting and continental sedimentation during Upper Triassic time. The minor deformation ( F4 folds) and chlorite-grade metamorphism may have occurred in post-Acadian time, possibly during the Alleghenian orogeny. Uplift and continuing erosion dominated Mesozoic and Cenozoic activity. The 15 metasedimentary and igneous units are grouped into three formations: Hartland II, Hartland I, and the Collinsville Formation in ascending order, and two intrusive
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