Parking Speed Its Own Mighty Sound and Sights Dis- Spring Morning in 1988
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How It Works Issue 9
NEW THE MAGAZINE THAT FEEDS MINDS INSIDE INTERVIEW DR YAN WONG TM FROM BBC’S BANG SCIENCE ■ ENVIRONMENT ■ TECHNOLOGY ■ TRANSPORT HISTORY ■ SPACE GOES THE THEORY HEART VOLCANIC BYPASSES ERUPTIONS How modern surgeons Discover the explosive save lives everyday BREAK THE 200MB BARRIER! power beneath Earth SUPERFAST BROADBAND LEARN REVEALED! THE NEXT-GENERATION ABOUT NETWORKS THAT DELIVER ■ CASSINI PROBE WARP-SPEED INTERNET ■ RAINING ANIMALS ■ PLANET MERCURY ■ BATTLE OF BRITAIN THE WORLD’S ■ PLACEBO EFFECT ■ LEANING TOWER OF PISA DEADLIEST ■ THE NERVOUS SYSTEM CHOPPER ■ ANDROID VS iPHONE Inside the Apache ■ AVALANCHES 919 AH-64D Longbow FACTS AND 9 ANSWERS 0 INSIDE £3.99 4 0 0 2 3 7 1 4 0 ISSN 2041-7322 2 7 7 ISSUE NINE ISSUE RACE TO 9 HUMAN SOLAR ROLLER 1,000MPH ALLERGIES© Imagine PublishingFLARES Ltd COASTERS Awesome engineering Why dust,No unauthorisedhair and pollen copyingHow massive or distribution explosions on Heart-stopping secrets of behind the land speed record make us sneeze the Sun affect our planet the world’s wildest rides www.howitworksdaily.com 001_HIW_009.indd 1 27/5/10 16:34:18 © Imagine Publishing Ltd No unauthorised copying or distribution Get in touch Have YOU got a question you want answered by the How It Works team? Get in touch by… Email: [email protected] Web: www.howitworksdaily.com ISSUE NINE Snail mail: How It Works Imagine Publishing, 33 Richmond Hill The magazine that feeds minds! Bournemouth, Dorset, BH2 6EZ ”FEED YOUR MIND!” Welcome to How It Meet the experts The sections explained Works issue -
This Is Women's Work
MACHINE MEXICO READY TO FLAT OUT IN REINVENTING WORLD MAKE WAVES BONNEVILLE THE WHEEL Your car is now a better Carlos Slim Domit on The FIA’s Land Speed How Malaysia’s Tony driver than you, so is it putting the heat back Commission hits the home Fernandes plans to change time to hand over the keys? into Formula One of record attempts motoring in Asia INThe international magazineMOTION of the FIA THIS IS WOMEN’S WORK F1 team boss MONISHA KALTENBORN on why modern motor sport no longer has time for sexism PLUS TAXIS RANKED Cab standards under the microscope LATIN LESSONS How Jean Todt’s tour of the Americas raised road safety awareness SHE IS THE LAW Meet F1’s only female race steward STOP UP TO 3 METRES SHORTER WITH MICHELIN ENERGY™ SAVER TYRES.* INSIDE Dear Friends, → INFOCUS 02 Women in motor sport: the general consensus, The latest developments in mobility and motorsport as well as news at least among men, has long been that they were from across the FIA’s worldwide network of clubs not suited to racing, maybe in some predisposed way, ie not strong, or tough enough, to compete with the ‘boys’. Our cover story is a loud and clear refutation of this stereotype. → INSIGHT 14 Through the Women in Motor Sport We report on FIA President Jean Todt’s journey Commission, the FIA is clear in its intent that 12 Latin Lessons through Latin America and how his travels have advanced the cause motor sport is open to all. The women featured in of road safety awareness in the region. -
THE HISTORY of TOURIST TRANSPORT AFTER the MODERN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION the History of Tourist Transport
275 Pol. J. Sport Tourism 2011, 18,Pol.Pol. 264-274 J. J. Sport Sport Tourism Tourism 2011, 2011, 18, 18, Cudny275-28 275-289 and Rouba: ROLA FESTIWALI ŁÓDZKICH... DOI: 10.2478/v10197-011-0022-6 1 THE HISTORY OF TOURIST TRANSPORT AFTER THE MODERN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION The history of tourist transport BEATA GIERCZAK University of Economics in Poznań, Chair of Tourism Mailing address: Beata Gierczak, University of Economics, Chair of Tourism, 10 Niepodległości Ave., 61-875 Poznań, tel.: +48 61 8543766, fax: +48 61 8668924, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract The article focuses on the changes in the development of tourism transportation, which occurred after the invention of the steam engine in 1769 by Watt. The stages in tourism transport after the industrial revolution have been introduced. The article also deals with changes occurred in all modes of transportation, taking into account the speed of the trip, the quality of transport services and the pace of the de- velopment of the touristic movement as well as the pro-ecological actions. Key words: tourism transport, the industrial revolution in transport, stages in the history of transport, modes of tourism transportation Introduction Changing trends in tourism, increased awareness and ma- turity of travellers as well as their growing requirements and The factors affecting the growth of tourist traffic include the expectations, have initiated a number of activities in tourist development of tourist transport. The changes that have taken transport. New transport modes that enable their implementa- place in tourist transport over the centuries show how intensely tion have emerged with the development of new disciplines, this industry is connected with all forms of human activity, in- specialisations and directions in tourism. -
Speeding to the Horizon in 2020 Bloodhound LSR
A technology partner supplying excellence in communications Speeding to the horizon in 2020 Bloodhound LSR Vision With an eye on the horizon Bloodhound is a vision; to bring together knowledge and ability; engineering a car; a machine to break the world Land Speed Record (LSR). The specialist team brings together the pinnacles of knowledge in computational fluid dynamics, materials science, motorsport engineering, mathematics and engineering; inspiring a new generation and bringing together communities. Servicom are delighted to be part of the project. Journey Bloodhound uses an Integrated Communications System with Press to The current land speed record of 763.035 mph was set in 1997 by Andy Talk (PTT) controls on the steering wheel. The integrated Digital Mobile Green; Andy will once more take the driver’s seat with Bloodhound; Radio (DMR) radio is situated in the cockpit, as seen above on the right. ready to set the new record next year. To succeed absolute precision is needed in every discipline and Servicom are keeping information flowing All equipment going into the vehicle needs to be carefully sited; although for the team; supplying radio communications for Bloodhound LSR the vehicle is over 13 metres long space remains at a premium; there’s a every step of the way. lot of engineering and technology to fit in there. Additionally, Servicom are developing a specific antenna that best suits the needs of a 1000mph car. Out to Africa Transporting the Bloodhound and the team to the Kalahari in South Africa is the result of months of careful planning. Everything must be in place to allow the two runs to be completed within the hour allowed under FIA rules. -
Why Didn't the Supersonic Car Fly?
Why Didn't The Supersonic KENNETH MORCAN C.Math.FIMA, OUBAY HASSAN AND NICEL WEATHERILL C.Math.FIMA University of Wales Swansea The supersonic car, ThrustSSC, took the World Land Table 1. The World Land Speed Record: major milestones achieved before 1997 Speed Record beyond the speed of sound on the Black Year Driver Nationality Speed Attained (mph) Rock Desert in Nevada in October 1997. To achieve this 1898 Gaston de Ch-Laubat France 39 feat, many challenging technological problems had to be 1904 Louis Rigolly France 103 addressed. One such problem was the aerodynamic de- 1927 Henry Segrave UK 203 sign of the vehicle to ensure that it could be safely oper- 1935 Malcolm Campbell UK 301 1964 Donald Campbell U K 403 ated and, in particular, that it remained in contact with 1964 Craig Breedlove USA 526 the ground at all speeds. Here we outline the role that 1965 Craig Breedlove USA 600 was played by computational fluid dynamics in assisting 1983 Richard Noble U K 633 the process of aerodynamic design. get was 700 mph, but as this was not too far distant from the speed of sound at ground level, which is around 760 mph, he INTRODUCTION decided that he would assemble a team to attempt to take the he first World Land Speed Record was set by Count Record to supersonic speed, ie faster than the speed of sound. Gaston de Chasseloup-Laubat in Acheres, France on Experience had shown, and we'll touch upon this again shortly, TDecember 12 1898. Driving an electric vehicle, he set the that this was not just going to be a matter of making minor mod- Record at 39 mph. -
Testing Down to the Last Detail
1/2010 Testing down to the last detail MTU Aero Engines Holding AG Customers + PartnersTechnology + Science MTU Global Dachauer Straße 665 80995 Munich • Germany Tel. +49 89 1489-0 Fax +49 89 1489-5500 Power for the Jumbo Jet Hardfaced tips for top MTU support for the [email protected] www.mtu.de and the Dreamliner efficiency “flying gas station” Contents Editorial Cover Story Dear Readers: Testing down to the last detail 4 – 7 Finally, yes finally, the bird is on the wing. However, the program highlights something Late last year, the new A400M military trans- else too—something we have witnessed re- Customers + Partners port aircraft successfully completed its long- peatedly in the past. Almost all the major Power for the Jumbo Jet and 8 – 11 awaited, eagerly anticipated maiden flight commercial and military aircraft programs the Dreamliner above the Spanish city of Seville. The relief that have ever been initiated in Europe and A boost for the MRJ 12 – 15 Testing down to the last detail was palpable throughout the industry; delays the United States have been subject to to the project had been creating too much delays, some of them massive. In this respect, Four TP400-D6 engines lift Europe’s new military transport, the A400M, up into turbulence all round. Now, the ongoing flight the A400M is no exception. As things stand the air—now almost an everyday occurrence at Seville airport. Since the maiden Technology + Science test program is demonstrating the superior at present, in pure economic terms, MTU flight in December 2009, flight testing has been in full swing. -
Chapter Iv What Is the Thrust Ssc?
THRUST SSC ENGLISH 2 – CHAPTER IV WHAT IS THE THRUST SSC? British jet-propelled car Developed by Richard Noble and his 3 asisstants Holds the World Land Speed Record 15. October 1997 First vehicle to break sound barrier DETAILS 16,5 metres long, 3,7 metres high, weights nearly 10 tons Two Rolls Royce engines salvaged from a jet fighter Two engines have a combined power of 55,000 pounds of thrust (110,000 horsepower) Two front and two back wheels with no tyres (disks of forged aluminium) Uses parachutes for breaking SAFETY OF THE CAR There is no ejection system in the car or any other kind of safety mechanisms The emphasis was placed on keeping the car on the ground HOW? Hundreds of sensors to ensure the vehicle to maintain safe path Aerodynamic system is there to keep the vehicle on the ground WORLD LAND SPEED RECORD The record set on 15th October 1997 The record holder is ANDY GREEN (British Royal Air Force pilot) WORLD MOTOR SPORT COUNCIL’S STATEMENT ABOUT THE RECORD The World Motor Sport Council homologated the new world land speed records set by the team ThrustSSC of Richard Noble, driver Andy Green, on 15 October 1997 at Black Rock Desert, Nevada (USA). This is the first time in history that a land vehicle has exceeded the speed of sound. The new records are as follows: Flying mile 1227.985 km/h (763.035 mph) Flying kilometre 1223.657 km/h (760.343 mph) In setting the record, the sound barrier was broken in both the north and south runs. -
Measurement of Jet Engine Thrust in a Supersonic Car
XVI IMEKO World Congress Measurement - Supports Science - Improves Technology - Protects Environment ... and Provides Employment - Now and in the Future Vienna, AUSTRIA, 2000, September 25-28 MEASUREMENT OF JET ENGINE THRUST IN A SUPERSONIC CAR G.M. Robinson 1,2 and A.J. Knott 1 1 National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom 2 now at Farnborough-Aircraft.com, Farnborough, United Kingdom Abstract: On 15 October 1997 on the Black Rock desert, Nevada, Squadron Leader Andy Green drove ThrustSSC through a measured mile at an average speed of Mach 1.02 (763.035 mph or 1 227.986 kmph) to achieve the first supersonic land speed record. This paper presents the work carried out at NPL to develop a method of directly measuring the thrust of each of ThrustSSC’s jet engines. This was a safety-critical application, the thrust imbalance being monitored by the car’s computers and presented on a gauge in the cockpit. Without this thrust-measuring system, it is likely that the risks involved in driving the car would have been too great for the project to proceed. Its success has demonstrated the possibility of real-time direct engine thrust measurement. Keywords: Jet engine, thrust, measurement. 1 INTRODUCTION In 1983, Britain’s Richard Noble took the land speed record from the USA’s Gary Gabelich when he drove his Rolls-Royce Avon turbofan powered car, Thrust 2, at a speed of 633 mph / 1 019 kmph. In 1990, American Craig Breedlove announced his intention to build a car, ‘Spirit of America’, capable of over 700 mph / 1 127 kmph, prompting Richard Noble to initiate a project to build a British rival to be first through the sound barrier. -
Bloodhound Laid Bare
January/February 2016 Cresting the waves at Snowdonia’s man-made lagoon BLOODHOUND Upskilling our engineers: LAID BARE time for new thinking INSIDE STORY OF THE 1,000 MPH QUEST Contacts Institution of Engineering Designers Courtleigh, Westbury Leigh, Westbury, Wiltshire, BA13 3TA Telephone: +44 (0)1373 822801 Fax: +44 (0)1373 858085 Email: [email protected] Website: www.ied.org.uk @InstEngDes Institution of Engineering Designers President January/February 2016 Ms Maggie Philbin Immediate Past President Sir George Cox HonFIED Chair Dr Tania Humphries-Smith BSc PGDip Engineering Designer needs good articles on matters important to MPhil EdD CTPD CEng MIED FHEA FRSA design. Why not write one? You will receive help from the editorial team, Immediate Past Chair should you need it. Simon BenGeld CEng CEnv FIED(PCh) Vice Chair Cresting the waves at Eurlng Professor SP Vaitkevicius Snowdonia’s man-made lagoon BLOODHOUND If you want to try your hand at writing a feature for Engineering Designer, Upskilling our engineers: LAID BARE BEng(Hons) MSc CEng FIED time for new thinking INSIDE STORY OF THE 1,000 MPH QUEST please submit an abstract (around 200 words), explaining what your Ordinary Councillors PKR Bateman EngTech AIED feature is about, with intended word count. (Features can be between Professor GN Blount BSc MSc 1,000 and 1,800 words.) It will then be forwarded to the IED editorial PhD CEng FIMechE FIED(PCh) Editor committee for consideration. EurIng Dr L Buck BSc(Hons) MA PhD Brian Wall CTPD CEng MIED FHEA FRSA DTH Castle IEng RCADMan FIED -
High-Speed Europe, a Sustainable Link Between Citizens
High-speed Europe A SUSTAINABLE LINK BETWEEN CITIZENS This brochure is based largely on ‘European high-speed rail – An easy way to connect’, a study into the development and future prospects of the high-speed trans-European rail network. This study, which was commissioned by the European Commission, was completed in March 2009 by MVV Consulting and Tractebel Engineering. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2010 ISBN 978-92-79-13620-7 doi: 10.2768/17821 © European Union, 2010 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Cover photo: © Eurostar Group Ltd Photos courtesy of: Adif, Eurostar Group Ltd, Ferrovie dello stato, iStockphoto, Reporters, Shutterstock, European Union Printed in Belgium PRINTED ON WHITE CHLORINE-FREE PAPER PREFACE The European Union is committed to making the transport of goods and the mobility of people more secure, more efficient and more environmentally friendly, with priority given to social and territorial cohesion, as well as to economic dynamism. Looking ahead to the near future, I envisage a transport system that closely meets the needs of its users, that is fast and intelligent but that minimises its environmental impact. The use of high-speed trains shows how this vision for the future can be made a reality today, thanks to the combined efforts of the Member States, partners from the industry and the financial support from the Union. -
Saimeche John Orr Lecture Notice 2011
SAIMechE JOHN ORR LECTURE 2011 “BLOODHOUND SUPERSONIC CAR” by Wing Commander Andy Green SAIMechE hosts this very prestigious “John Orr Memorial Lecture” each year to commemorate the achievements of Professor John Orr (1870 – 1954) in engineering education in South Africa. ‘ The history of this prestigious lecture dates back to 1961 when the first lecture was initiated to honour Professor Orr. This year the John Orr Lecture will be delivered by Wing Commander ‘Fastest Man on Earth’ Andy Green, the ‘Fastest Man on Earth’. Wing Commander Andy Green BLOODHOUND SSC – An Engineering Adventure The BLOODHOUND Super Sonic Car aims to be the world's first 1000 mph (1600 kph) Car. Powered by a state-of- the-art jet engine and a huge hybrid rocket motor, BLOODHOUND SSC will develop over 130 000 horsepower and cover 16 kilometres in 100 seconds from a standing start. Yet the main aim of the Project is education - to inspire the next generation of engineers with the sheer excitement of science and engineering, by sharing the highs and lows of building and running the world's fastest Car. Wing Commander Andy Green, BLOODHOUND SSC's driver, holds the current World Land Speed Record (1220 kph). He will outline the captivating story of how the current World Land Speed Record was set back in 1997, as well as the amazing science and technology behind the extraordinary new BLOODHOUND vehicle. He will also explain why South Africa was chosen as the ideal place to attempt this remarkable new record, and how the Northern Cape is preparing the world's best race track for BLOODHOUND SSC. -
6 Supplementary References
6 6 SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCES 6 SUPPLEMENTARY REFERENCES 1203 6.1 GENERAL ENCYCLOPEDIAS Cosmology glossary. Western Washington Univ. Planetarium, Bellingham, WA; http://www.wwu.edu/depts/skywise/a101_cosmologyglossary.html. Bilder-Konversationslexikon. 4 vols., Brockhaus, Leipzig (1834). CXC Glossary of astrophysical terms. Chandra X-ray Center (CXC), operated Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. 20 vols., Brockhaus, Wiesbaden (1966–1974). for NASA by Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Brockhaus-Konversationslexikon. 16 vols., Brockhaus, Leipzig (1892–1897). MA; http://chandra.harvard.edu/resources/glossaryA.html. Chambers’s encyclopaedia (ed. by M.D. LAW). 15 vols., International Learn- Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles (ed. by F.G. CUVIER). Levrault, Stras- ing Systems Corporation Ltd., London (1963). bourg (1816–1826). Columbia encyclopedia. Columbia University Press, New York (6th edn., Dictionary of medieval Latin from British sources (ed. by R.E. LATHAM and 2001–2005); http://www.bartleby.com/65/. D.R. HOWLETT). Oxford University Press, London; vol. 1 (1975) to vol. 6 Collier’s encyclopedia. 24 vols., Macmillan Education Co, New York (1987). (2003). Der Große Herder. 13 vols., Herder, Freiburg (1932–1935). Dictionary of mining, mineral, and related terms [compiled and edited by the Encyclopaedia Britannica. 29 vols. (11th edn., 1911). LoveToKnow™ free U.S. Bureau of Mines, U.S. Dept. of the Interior]. Am. Geol. Inst., Alex- online Encyclopedia; http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/. andria, VA (1997); http://www.maden.hacettepe.edu.tr/dmmrt/index.html. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 24 vols. (1875–1889), 24 vols. (1929), 24 vols. Dictionary of SDI (ed. by H. WALDMAN). Scholarly Resources Imprint, Wil- (1959); 30 vols. (1974–1984); 32 vols. (1985–2002) mington, DE (1988).