For Queen's University an Active Transportation
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AN ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION STRATEGY FOR QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY DECEMBER 2013 Cover Page Image Source: www.queensu.ca/ ABOUT THE TEAM This project was completed by a group of six graduate students from the School of Urban and Regional Planning at Queen’s University This report was produced for the Housing and Human Services Project Course (SURP 823) and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Urban and Regional Planning for all team members. Nancy Cornish | Nancy achieved her Bachelor of Commerce from the University of Victoria. She is concentrating in Land Use Planning at Queen’s and has keen interests in sustainability. Keith Davies | Keith achieved his Bachelor of Science from the University of Alberta. At Queen’s, his area of concentration is Land Use Planning and is interested in neighbourhood planning and urban design. Heather McDonell | Heather’s undergraduate degree was in Landscape Architecture, from the University of Guelph. At Queen’s, her focus is on Health and Social Planning and is particularly interested in studying the effects of the built environment on public health. Sarah Nielsen | Sarah achieved her Bachelor of Arts Honors with a major in Geography from Queen’s University. In her Master’s, she has focused on Health Planning and is interested in active transportation, urban design, and food insecurity. Ivy Qi | Ivy’s undergraduate degree was in Architectural Studies and Urban Geography at the University of Toronto. At Queen’s, she is focusing on Land Use Planning and has keen interests in community design, real estate development, and multicultural planning. James Taylor | James earned his Bachelor of Arts in Geography along with a Certificate of Urban Studies from Simon Fraser University. He is currently focusing on Land Use Planning at Queen’s. His research interests include suburban development and walkable communities. From left to right: Ivy, Heather, James, Keith, Sarah, Nancy ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The project team would like to extend their sincere appreciation for all those that lent us their valuable time and resources throughout the process of developing this report. We would first like to thank our client, Kingston Frontenac and Lennox & Addington (KFL&A) Public Health, for their support with this project. We would especially like to thank Anne MacPhail from KFL&A Public Health, our project coach, for her wisdom and guidance throughout. Anne has been an invaluable resource of both knowledge and connections, and this project would certainly have not been a success without her. We would also like to thank our supervising professors, Dr. Patricia Collins and Dr. David Gordon. Their valuable advice and feedback has been beneficial for every step of the process. We would like to thank all of our key informants, from a variety of organizations, including Queen’s University, the Alma Mater Society (AMS) of Queen’s University, the City of Kingston, Kingston Coalition for Active Transportation (KCAT), KFL&A Public Health, and Cycle Kingston, who provided us with valuable insights. ABOUT KFL&A PUBLIC HEALTH Kingston Frontenac and Lennox & Addington Public Health provides a number of public health services and programs to residents of Kingston and the surrounding region, and works with these communities to protect and promote the health of the more than 180,000 residents who live in this region. It is an accredited public health agency with over 200 staff and 150 volunteers. As a part of its mandate KFL&A Public Health actively promotes active transportation as a key aspect of personal and community health and wellness, and is also involved with the Kingston Coalition for Active Transportation. To help promote active transportation, KFL&A Public Health funds and promotes valuable research, including this project. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY What is an Active and Preferred Route? An active and preferred route is one that offers a convenient, Introduction attractive, efficient, safe, connected, accessible, and pleasant Project Background route for commuting. The intent of this report is to provide Kingston, Frontenac and Lennox & Addington (KFL&A) Public Health with An Active What is an Active Transportation Strategy? Transportation Strategy for Queen’s University. The An Active Transportation Strategy is a plan that provides a recommendations in the report are designed to inform decision- vision for AT infrastructure, programs, and policies. The guiding making and planning efforts to increase physical activity levels questions addressed in the strategy are: through improved use of active transportation (AT) to, from, and • Where are we now? on campus, which will ultimately increase physical activity levels • Where do we want to go? of students, staff, and faculty at Queen’s University. This may • How do we get there? also offer insights for other employers to increase AT among their employees. WHERE ARE WE NOW? For this study, two separate study boundaries were delineated. Background Research The greater boundary included the area of Kingston serviced Benefits, Costs, and Determinants of AT by Kingston Transit, and is addressed in general strategies and AT is a topic at the forefront of the planning profession due to recommendations for students, staff and faculty. A more thorough its potential to improve both public and environmental health. examination of preferred routes was done for the areas within AT can provide significant benefits to population health and a two-kilometre distance from the centre of Queen’s University. community well-being by increasing levels of physical activity, and simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions by Information was collected from a variety of sources, which reducing the number of motor vehicle trips. Costs associated allowed for the development of a comprehensive AT strategy with AT are largely related to initial installation investments, to improve the conditions for walking, cycling, and multimodal which allow for sustained, long-term benefits to be realized. commuting trips to, from, and on campus. Identifying the determinants of AT is a valuable exercise for What is Active Transportation? improving and encouraging active commuting. Built environment AT is any form of human-powered transportation such as determinants of AT include safety, aesthetics, density, walking or cycling. connectivity, and land-use mix. Logistical influences include I proximity to frequent destinations and integration of public Kingston has many plans that address AT through infrastructure, transportation. Socio-demographic and personal determinants policies, and programs. Notable plans and policies include: include age, physical activity, income and employment. A final Cycling and Pathways Study, Transportation Master Plan, determinant of AT is political will of government at every level. Sustainable Kingston Plan, Parks and Recreation Master Plan, Traffic Calming Policy, and relevant by-law amendments. These plans can serve as a springboard and guide for AT initiatives and efforts at the University. WHERE DO WE WANT TO GO? Best Practice Precedents A review of best practices informed the recommendation of appropriate strategies for AT within and around the Queen’s University Campuses. The precedent case studies chosen Space required to fit 60 people on a bus, 60 people on bicycles, and include five Canadian locations and five international ones. 60 people in cars They were selected because they exhibit campus and citywide Source: ecooptimism.com AT strategies, and have similarities to Queen’s University and Kingston. Kingston Context Common Elements and Viable Solutions for Queen’s Kingston is a medium sized Canadian city with a population of University and Kingston: 123,363. Typical of most Canadian cities, the private automobile remains the dominant mode of travel to work. However, Kingston WALKING - Lessons Learned has a notably high proportion of permanent residents who walk • Pedestrian priority areas on campus or cycle to work, with rates that are approximately double the • Pedestrian-scale streets and car-free zones national average. As well, the Kingston Census Metropolitan • Walking route maps with distances and times Area (CMA) boasts the second highest rate of AT commuting • Pedestrian activated crossings in Canada. There are significant concentrations of students, • Walking route networks faculty and staff who live in the area surrounding Queen’s University that would benefit from improvements to all modes of AT. II MULTI-MODAL – Lessons Learned • Flexible parking program • Use of existing City resources • Discounted bus pass for students and employees • Commuter Challenge Event for employees • Public transit system with year-round bike racks and Marked Mid-block Crosswalk storage Source: Cornell University • Guaranteed Ride Home Program CYCLING – Lessons Learned • Interactive mapping tools • Comprehensive cycling supports, including ample • Park and Ride / Park and Bike / Park and Walk end-of-trip facilities infrastructure • Extensive cycling infrastructure • Real-time transit information • Enhanced lane markings and signage • Employee AT incentive programs • Bike rental program on campus • Campus bike centre for repair, maintenance, education, and loans • Cycle-friendly routes and facilities • Bike registration system • Bike share system Indoor Bike Storage at a Bus Station • Secure bike storage Source: University of Wisconsin • Bicycle regulation and enforcement • Bicycle advisory committee Primary Research Findings • Cycling route networks The