The 613 Mitzvot
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Lamb of God" Title in John's Gospel: Background, Exegesis, and Major Themes Christiane Shaker [email protected]
Seton Hall University eRepository @ Seton Hall Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs) Fall 12-2016 The "Lamb of God" Title in John's Gospel: Background, Exegesis, and Major Themes Christiane Shaker [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.shu.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Shaker, Christiane, "The "Lamb of God" Title in John's Gospel: Background, Exegesis, and Major Themes" (2016). Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs). 2220. https://scholarship.shu.edu/dissertations/2220 Seton Hall University THE “LAMB OF GOD” TITLE IN JOHN’S GOSPEL: BACKGROUND, EXEGESIS, AND MAJOR THEMES A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN THEOLOGY CONCENTRATION IN BIBLICAL THEOLOGY BY CHRISTIANE SHAKER South Orange, New Jersey October 2016 ©2016 Christiane Shaker Abstract This study focuses on the testimony of John the Baptist—“Behold, the Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!” [ἴδε ὁ ἀµνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁµαρτίαν τοῦ κόσµου] (John 1:29, 36)—and its impact on the narrative of the Fourth Gospel. The goal is to provide a deeper understanding of this rich image and its influence on the Gospel. In an attempt to do so, three areas of concentration are explored. First, the most common and accepted views of the background of the “Lamb of God” title in first century Judaism and Christianity are reviewed. -
The Difference Between Blessing (Bracha) and Prayer (Tefilah)
1 The Difference between Blessing (bracha) and Prayer (tefilah) What is a Bracha? On the most basic level, a bracha is a means of recognizing the good that God has given to us. As the Talmud2 states, the entire world belongs to God, who created everything, and partaking in His creation without consent would be tantamount to stealing. When we acknowledge that our food comes from God – i.e. we say a bracha – God grants us permission to partake in the world's pleasures. This fulfills the purpose of existence: To recognize God and come close to Him. Once we have been satiated, we again bless God, expressing our appreciation for what He has given us.3 So, first and foremost, a bracha is a "please" and a "thank you" to the Creator for the sustenance and pleasure He has bestowed upon us. The Midrash4 relates that Abraham's tent was pitched in the middle of an intercity highway, and open on all four sides so that any traveler was welcome to a royal feast. Inevitably, at the end of the meal, the grateful guests would want to thank Abraham. "It's not me who you should be thanking," Abraham replied. "God provides our food and sustains us moment by moment. To Him we should give thanks!" Those who balked at the idea of thanking God were offered an alternative: Pay full price for the meal. Considering the high price for a fabulous meal in the desert, Abraham succeeded in inspiring even the skeptics to "give God a try." Source of All Blessing Yet the essence of a bracha goes beyond mere manners. -
Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in the Commonwealth
Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in The Commonwealth Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change Edited by Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites Human Rights, Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in The Commonwealth: Struggles for Decriminalisation and Change Edited by Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites © Human Rights Consortium, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2013 This book is published under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NCND 4.0) license. More information regarding CC licenses is available at https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/ Available to download free at http://www.humanities-digital-library.org ISBN 978-1-912250-13-4 (2018 PDF edition) DOI 10.14296/518.9781912250134 Institute of Commonwealth Studies School of Advanced Study University of London Senate House Malet Street London WC1E 7HU Cover image: Activists at Pride in Entebbe, Uganda, August 2012. Photo © D. David Robinson 2013. Photo originally published in The Advocate (8 August 2012) with approval of Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG) and Freedom and Roam Uganda (FARUG). Approval renewed here from SMUG and FARUG, and PRIDE founder Kasha Jacqueline Nabagesera. Published with direct informed consent of the main pictured activist. Contents Abbreviations vii Contributors xi 1 Human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity in the Commonwealth: from history and law to developing activism and transnational dialogues 1 Corinne Lennox and Matthew Waites 2 -
(Mk 1:44): Jesus, Purity, and the Christian Study of Judaism Paula Fredriksen, Boston University
"Go, show yourself to the priest, and offer for your cleansing what Moses commanded" (Mk 1:44): Jesus, Purity, and the Christian Study of Judaism Paula Fredriksen, Boston University In the last century, and especially in the last few decades, historians of Christianity have increasingly understood Jesus of Nazareth as a participant in the Judaism of his day. Many scholars, however, even when emphasizing Jesus' Jewish ethics, or his Jewish scriptural sensibility, or even the apocalyptic convictions which he shared with so many of his contemporaries, nevertheless draw the line at the biblical laws of purity. These laws rarely appear realistically integrated into an historical reconstruction of Jesus. Allied as they are with the ancient system of sacrifices, they seem obscure to modern religious sensibility; and with the Roman destruction of the Temple in 70, they soon became irrelevant to the later, largely Gentile church. Perhaps, too, such purity codes -- a hallmark of virtually all ancient religions -- are too disturbingly archaic to fit comfortably with modern constructions of Jesus and his message. Very recently, a handful of prominent New Testament historians and theologians have even argued that Jesus taught and acted specifically against the purity codes of his native Judaism. The repudiation of the biblical rules of purity, "the taboos of Torah," stood, they say, at the very heart of Jesus' ministry. Marcus Borg, for example, has urged that Jesus fought the "politics of purity," motivated as he was by a vision of a more compassionate society. Similarly, John Dominic Crossan portrays Jesus as a radical social egalitarian for whom the purity codes of the Temple system were morally and socially anathema. -
Detestable Offenses: an Examination of Sodomy Laws from Colonial America to the Nineteenth Century”
“Detestable Offenses: An Examination of Sodomy Laws from Colonial America to the Nineteenth Century” Taylor Runquist Western Illinois University 1 The act of sodomy has a long history of illegality, beginning in England during the reign of Henry VIII in 1533. The view of sodomy as a crime was brought to British America by colonists and was recorded in newspapers and law books alike. Sodomy laws would continue to adapt and change after their initial creation in the colonial era, from a common law offense to a clearly defined criminal act. Sodomy laws were not meant to persecute homosexuals specifically; they were meant to prevent the moral corruption and degradation of society. The definition of homosexuality also continued to adapt and change as the laws changed. Although sodomites had been treated differently in America and England, being a sodomite had the same social effects for the persecuted individual in both countries. The study of homosexuals throughout history is a fairly young field, but those who attempt to study this topic are often faced with the same issues. There are not many historical accounts from homosexuals themselves. This lack of sources can be attributed to their writings being censored, destroyed, or simply not withstanding the test of time. Another problem faced by historians of homosexuality is that a clear identity for homosexuals did not exist until the early 1900s. There are two approaches to trying to handle this lack of identity: the first is to only treat sodomy as an act and not an identity and the other is to attempt to create a homosexual identity for those convicted of sodomy. -
To Wear Is Human: Parshat Ki Teitze by Rabbi Elliot Kukla and Reuben Zellman, 2006
To Wear Is Human: Parshat Ki Teitze by Rabbi Elliot Kukla and Reuben Zellman, 2006 For all those who have ever struggled with how to discipline children’s bad behavior, this week’s parsha, Ki-Teitze, off ers an easy answer: stone them to death! (Deut. 21:21) Th ankfully, Jews have recognized for over a thousand years that this is an unacceptable solution to a common problem. In fact, we learn in the Talmud (Sanhedrin 71a) that this apparent commandment of the Torah was never once carried out. Our Sages refused to understand this verse literally, as it confl icted with their understanding of the holiness of each and every human life. With this scenario in mind, let us look at another verse in our parsha: “A man’s clothes should not be on a woman, and a man should not wear the apparel of a woman; for anyone who does these things, it is an abomination before God.” (Deut. 22:5) Just as classical Jewish scholars reinterpreted the commandment to stone to death rebellious children, they also read our portion’s apparent ban on “cross-dressing” to yield a much narrower prohibition. Th e great medieval commentator Rashi explains that this verse is not simply forbidding wearing the clothes of the “opposite gender.” Rashi writes that such dress is prohibited only when it will lead to adultery. Maimonides, a 12th century codifi er of Jewish law, claims that this verse is actually intended to prohibit cross-dressing for the purposes of idol worship. (Sefer haMitzvot, Lo Taaseh 39-40) In other words, according to the classical scholars of our tradition, wearing clothes of “the wrong gender” is proscribed only when it is for the express purpose of causing harm to our relationship with our loved ones or with God. -
Sabbath Helper Eagle Lake Marcellus
Leviticus 24:5 -9 Sabbath and Rest in the Tanach Leviticus 24:5 -9 “The Bread of the Presence on the Sabbath as a Perpetual Covenant” “Then you shall take fine flour and bake twelve cakes with it; two-tenths of an ephah shall be in each cake. You shall set them in two rows, six to a row, on the pure gold table before the LORD . You shall put pure frankincense on each row that it may be a memorial portion for the bread, even an offering by fire to the LORD . Every sabbath day he shall set it in order before the LORD continually; it is an everlasting covenant for the sons of Israel. It shall be for Aaron and his sons, and they shall eat it in a holy place; for it is most holy to him from the LORD ’s offerings by fire, his portion forever.” The Torah instruction prescribing the bread of the Presence or showbread, to be placed before the Lord in the Tabernacle/Temple, details how it was to be replaced every Sabbath. Twelve loaves, presumably representing the Twelve Tribes of Israel, were to be offered before the Lord, with this being labeled as “an everlasting covenant,” denoting some significant permanency. What does this mean in our theological evaluation of the seventh-day Sabbath or Shabbat? 24:5 The instruction for the bread of the Presence ( lechem ha’panim , ~ynI)P'h; ~x,l,î; Exodus 35:13) specifies, “You shall take choice flour and bake of it twelve loaves, two-tenths of a measure for each loaf” (NJPS). -
Curriculum: Creating Together
Global Day of Jewish Learning Curriculum: Creating Together A Project of the Aleph Society The Global Day of Jewish Learning A project of the Aleph Society © 2013 by The Aleph Society All Rights Reserved 25 West 45th Street, Suite 1405 New York, New York 10036 212.840.1166 www.steinsaltz.org www.theglobalday.com DEDIcatION www.theglobalday.com “ Grandchildren are the crown of their elders, and the glory of children is their parents.” – Proverbs 17:6 In honor of my grandchildren and great-grandchildren: their lives burnish the glory of those who perished in the Shoah. For my parents, Benjamin and Charlotte Gottesfeld z”l, these children are the greatest reward… o Chana Hanina o Galia Hanina The Global Day of Jewish Learning o Sarah Rose Warren o Joseph Nathan Warren A project of the Aleph Society Children of Shira and Steve Stein © 2013 by The Aleph Society o Simcha Meir All Rights Reserved o Tamara Yocheved 25 West 45th Street, Suite 1405 o Eliyahu Aryeh New York, New York 10036 o Eitan Yosef 212.840.1166 Children of Aliza and Zev Ganz www.steinsaltz.org www.theglobalday.com o Shmuel Yoel o Atara Rina o Daniel Yomtov o Yosef Children of Tamar and Josh Heller o Yakira Eliyana o Gavriella Talia o Yehuda Meir Children of Laura and Adam Hanina o Samuel Azriel o Charlotte Eliora And in tribute to Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, whose work has opened the doors of Jewish learning to our generation and those to come. – Fanya Gottesfeld Heller TABLE OF CONTENTS www.theglobalday.com Curriculum 2013: Creating Together Overview ...................................................................iv–ix 6. -
Esnoga Bet El 4544 Highline Dr
BS”D (B’Siyata D’Shamaya) Aramaic: With the help of Heaven Esnoga Bet Emunah Esnoga Bet El 4544 Highline Dr. SE 102 Broken Arrow Dr. Olympia, WA 98501 Paris TN 38242 United States of America United States of America © 2016 © 2016 http://www.betemunah.org/ http://torahfocus.com/ E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] Triennial Cycle (Triennial Torah Cycle) / Septennial Cycle (Septennial Torah Cycle) Three and 1/2 year Lectionary Readings First Year of the Triennial Reading Cycle Nisan 29, 5776 – May 06/07, 2016 First Year of the Shmita Cycle Candle Lighting and Habdalah Times: Amarillo, TX, U.S. Austin & Conroe, TX, U.S. Brisbane, Australia Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 8:20 PM Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 7:55 PM Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 4:55 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 9:20 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 8:52 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 5:48 PM Chattanooga, & Cleveland, TN, U.S. Manila & Cebu, Philippines Miami, FL, U.S. Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 8:13 PM Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 5:56 PM Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 7:37 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 9:13 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 6:48 PM Sat. May 07 2016 – Habdalah 8:32 PM Murray, KY, & Paris, TN. U.S. Olympia, WA, U.S. Port Orange, FL, U.S. Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 7:28 PM Fri. May 06 2016 – Candles at 8:12 PM Fri. -
A Modern Christian Perspective on Global Poverty in Light of Economic Globalization
A MODERN CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE ON GLOBAL POVERTY IN LIGHT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION an Honors Project submitted by Isaac B. Sharp 6825 Mountain Shadow Dr Knoxville, Tennessee 37918 (865) 256-9595 in partial fulfillment for the degree Bachelor of Arts in Religion with Honors April 28, 2010 Project Advisor: Dr. Ross Brummett © 2010 Isaac B. Sharp Approval Sheet A MODERN CHRISTIAN PERSPECTIVE ON GLOBAL POVERTY IN LIGHT OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION _________________________ _________________________ Faculty Director Chair, Department of Religion _________________________ Director, Honors Program ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project could not have been completed without the diligent work and support of several people. By no means can I take all of the credit for the completion of this project, and I would be remiss if I did not thank those who have guided me along the way for their efforts. I first must thank Dr. Christine Jones and Dr. Don Garner for their invaluable editing of and suggestions for the drafts of each of the chapters. As members of the hearing committee, it was far above and beyond their duties to be as involved as they were. The final project is infinitely better than it would have been if they had not assisted along the way. I also want to thank Ken Massey for his service on my hearing committee. Most importantly, I want to thank Dr. Ross Brummett. His tireless efforts in every step of this process have been without parallel, and he truly has embodied what it means to be an Honors Project advisor. If not for Dr. Brummett, there is truly no way that this project would have been completed. -
Shavuot Daf Hashavua
בס״ד ׁשָ בֻ עוֹת SHAVUOT In loving memory of Harav Yitzchak Yoel ben Shlomo Halevi Volume 32 | #35 Welcome to a special, expanded Daf Hashavua 30 May 2020 for Shavuot at home this year, to help bring its 7 Sivan 5780 messages and study into your home. Chag Sameach from the Daf team Shabbat ends: London 10.09pm Sheffield 10.40pm “And on the day of the first fruits…” Edinburgh 11.05pm Birmingham 10.22pm (Bemidbar 28:26) Jerusalem 8.21pm Shavuot starts on Thursday evening 28 May and ends after Shabbat on 30 May. An Eruv Tavshilin should be made before Shavuot starts. INSIDE: Shavuot message Please look regularly at the social media and websites by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis of the US, Tribe and your community for ongoing updates relating to Coronavirus as well as educational programming Megillat Rut and community support. You do not need to sign by Pnina Savery into Facebook to access the US Facebook page. The US Coronavirus Helpline is on 020 8343 5696. Mount Sinai to Jerusalem to… May God bless us and the whole world. the future Daf Hashavua by Harry and Leora Salter ׁשָ בֻ עוֹת Shavuot Shavuot message by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis It was the most New York, commented that from stunning, awe- here we learn that the Divine inspiring event revelation was intended to send a that the world has message of truth to everyone on ever known. Some earth - because the Torah is both three and a half a blueprint for how we as Jews millennia ago, we should live our lives and also the gathered as a fledgling nation at the foundational document of morality foot of Mount Sinai and experienced for the whole world. -
Halacha a Crash Course in Teruma and Maaser 1. Mishna Rosh Hashana 1:1 אַרְבָּעָּהרָּ אשֵׁ ישָּ נִיםהֵׁם
Why Tu Bishvat Matters: Halacha A Crash Course in Teruma and Maaser 1. Mishna Rosh Hashana 1:1 ַאְרָּבָּעה ָּראֵׁשי ָּשִנים ֵׁהם. ְבֶאָּחד ְבִניָּסן רֹאש ַהָּשָּנה ַלְמָּלִכים ְוָּלְרָּגִלים. ְבֶאָּחד ֶבֱאלּול רֹאש ַהָּשָּנה לְמַעְשַ רבְ הֵׁמָּ ה . ַרִבי ֶאְלָּעָּזר ְוַרִבי ִשְמעֹון אֹוְמִרים, ְבֶאָּחד ְבִתְשֵׁר י. ְבֶאָּחד ְבִתְשֵׁרי רֹאש ַהָּשָּנה ַלָּשִנים ְוַלְשִמִטין ְוַלּיֹוְבלֹות, ַלְנִטיָּעה ְוַלְיָּרקֹות. ְבֶאָּחד ִבְשָּבט, רֹאש ַהָּשָּנה ָּלִאיָּלן, ְכִדְבֵׁרי ֵׁבית ַשַמאי. בֵׁית הִ לֵׁל אֹוְמִרים, ַבֲחִמָּשה ָּעָּשר בֹו: There are four New Years: On the first of Nisan is the New Year for kings; And for the Festivals. On the first of Elul is the New Year for animal tithes; Rabbi Elazar and Rabbi Shimon say: on the first of Tishrei. On the first of Tishrei is the New Year for years, for Sabbatical Years and Jubilee Years, for planting and for vegetables. On the first of Shevat is the New Year for the tree, in accordance with the statement of Beit Shammai. But Beit Hillel say: on the fifteenth. 2. Terumah and Maaser I have assigned to you as your share, you Terumah Gedola – Bemidbar 18:8-12 shall set aside from them one-tenth of the tithe as a gift to the LORD. This shall be ַוְיַדֵׁבר ה׳ ֶאלַ־אֲהֹרן ַוֲאִני ִהֵׁנה ָּנַתִתי ְלָך ֶאת־ִמְשֶמֶרת accounted to you as your gift. As with the ְתרּוֹמָּתי ְלָּכל־ָּקְדֵׁשי ְבֵׁני־ִיְשָּרֵׁאל ְלָך ְנַתִתים ְלָּמְשָּחה new grain from the threshing floor or the flow ּוְלָּבֶניָך ְלָּחק־עֹוָּל ם... ֹכל ֵׁחֶלב ִיְצָּהר ְוָּכֵׁל־חֶלב ִתירֹוש ְוָּדָּגן from the vat, so shall you on your part set ֵׁראִשָּיתֲם אֶשר־ִיְתנּו ַליהָּוה ְלָך ְנַתִתים׃ The LORD spoke to Aaron: I hereby give you aside a gift for the LORD from all the tithes charge of My gifts, all the sacred donations that you receive from the Israelites; and from of the Israelites; I grant them to you and to them you shall bring the gift for the LORD to your sons as a perquisite, a due for all time… Aaron the priest.