Sobre El Género Spergula L. [Incl. Spergularia (Pers.) Pers
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Causes of Landscape-Scale Rarity in Cobble Beach Plant Communities
Ecology, 83(8), 2002, pp. 2304±2314 q 2002 by the Ecological Society of America CAUSES OF LANDSCAPE-SCALE RARITY IN COBBLE BEACH PLANT COMMUNITIES JOHN F. B RUNO1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912 USA Abstract. In most communities, a considerable number of the constituent species will only occupy a small percentage of sites or habitat patches. However, the factors that limit the distribution and abundance of rare species are seldom examined and are poorly un- derstood. I tested several explanations of landscape-scale rarity in the New England cobble beach plant community, an assemblage of halophytic forbs associated with fringing beds of the marine intertidal grass Spartina alterni¯ora. Spartina reduces ¯ow velocity and stabilizes the cobble substrate, thereby reducing the burial of seeds and seedlings of other species. Frequencies of the presence of forb species behind 387 sampled Spartina beds distributed along 120 km of shoreline in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA, ranged from 0.005 to 0.382. Both the whole forb assemblage and individual species were strongly nested with respect to patch size and species richness. Species that were rare on a landscape scale were generally only found behind the longest beds, and bed length was positively related to species diversity. Experimental seed additions to 40 beds ranging in length from 8 to 688 m indicated that intermediate-sized beds often occupied by common species are not habitable by three rare forbs. When present behind the longest beds, these rare species are always associated with a microhabitat characterized by a relatively ®ne-grained and highly stable substrate. -
Plant List for Web Page
Stanford Working Plant List 1/15/08 Common name Botanical name Family origin big-leaf maple Acer macrophyllum Aceraceae native box elder Acer negundo var. californicum Aceraceae native common water plantain Alisma plantago-aquatica Alismataceae native upright burhead Echinodorus berteroi Alismataceae native prostrate amaranth Amaranthus blitoides Amaranthaceae native California amaranth Amaranthus californicus Amaranthaceae native Powell's amaranth Amaranthus powellii Amaranthaceae native western poison oak Toxicodendron diversilobum Anacardiaceae native wood angelica Angelica tomentosa Apiaceae native wild celery Apiastrum angustifolium Apiaceae native cutleaf water parsnip Berula erecta Apiaceae native bowlesia Bowlesia incana Apiaceae native rattlesnake weed Daucus pusillus Apiaceae native Jepson's eryngo Eryngium aristulatum var. aristulatum Apiaceae native coyote thistle Eryngium vaseyi Apiaceae native cow parsnip Heracleum lanatum Apiaceae native floating marsh pennywort Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Apiaceae native caraway-leaved lomatium Lomatium caruifolium var. caruifolium Apiaceae native woolly-fruited lomatium Lomatium dasycarpum dasycarpum Apiaceae native large-fruited lomatium Lomatium macrocarpum Apiaceae native common lomatium Lomatium utriculatum Apiaceae native Pacific oenanthe Oenanthe sarmentosa Apiaceae native 1 Stanford Working Plant List 1/15/08 wood sweet cicely Osmorhiza berteroi Apiaceae native mountain sweet cicely Osmorhiza chilensis Apiaceae native Gairdner's yampah (List 4) Perideridia gairdneri gairdneri Apiaceae -
JABG25P097 Barker
JOURNAL of the ADELAIDE BOTANIC GARDENS AN OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL FOR AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY flora.sa.gov.au/jabg Published by the STATE HERBARIUM OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA on behalf of the BOARD OF THE BOTANIC GARDENS AND STATE HERBARIUM © Board of the Botanic Gardens and State Herbarium, Adelaide, South Australia © Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Government of South Australia All rights reserved State Herbarium of South Australia PO Box 2732 Kent Town SA 5071 Australia © 2012 Board of the Botanic Gardens & State Herbarium, Government of South Australia J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. 25 (2011) 97–103 © 2012 Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, Govt of South Australia Name changes associated with the South Australian census of vascular plants for the calendar year 2011 R.M. Barker & P.J. Lang and the staff and associates of the State Herbarium of South Australia State Herbarium of South Australia, DENR Science Resource Centre, P.O. Box 2732, Kent Town, South Australia 5071 Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Keywords: Census, plant list, new species, introductions, weeds, native species, nomenclature, taxonomy. The following tables show the changes, and the phrase names in Eremophila, Spergularia, Caladenia reasons why they were made, in the census of South and Thelymitra being formalised, e.g. Eremophila sp. Australian vascular plants for the calendar year 2011. Fallax (D.E.Symon 12311) was the informal phrase The census is maintained in a database by the State name for the now formally published Eremophila fallax Herbarium of South Australia and projected on the Chinnock. -
Vascular Plants of Vina Plains Preserve Wurlitzer Unit
DO r:r:i :;:i·,iOVE Ff.'f)l,1 . ,- . - . "'I":; Vascular Plants of Vina Plains Preserve, Wurlitzer Unit Vernon H. Oswald Vaseular Plants of Vina Plains Preserve, Wurlitzer Unit Vernon H . Oswald Department of Biological Sciences California State University, C h ico Ch ico, California 95929-0515 1997 Revision RED BLUFF •CORN ING TEHAMA CO. -------------B1JITECO. ORLAND HWY 32 FIGURE I. Location of Vina P la.ins Preserve, Main Unit on the north, Wurlitzer Unit on the south. CONTENTS Figure 1. Location of Vina Plains Preserve ...... ................................. facing contents Figure 2. Wurlitzer Unit, Vina Plains Preserve ..... ............................... facing page I Introduction .. ... ..................................... ................................ ....... ....... ... ................ I References .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 The Plant List: Ferns and fem allies .......... ................................................... ........... ................. 5 Di cot flowering plants ............... ...................................................... ................. 5 Monocot flowering plants .......... ..................................................................... 25 / ... n\ a: t, i. FIGURE 2. Wurlitzer Unit, Vina Plains Preserve (in yellow), with a small comer of the Main Unit showing on the north. Modified from USGS 7.5' topographic maps, Richardson Springs NW & Nord quadrangles. - - INTRODUCTION 1 A survey of the vascular flora of the Wurl itzer -
03 Candau.Pdf
Lagascalia 7(2): 143-157 (1978). PALINOLOGIA DE CARYOPHYLLACEAE DEL SUR DE ESPAÑA. I. SUBFAMILIA PARONYCHIOIDEAE P. CANDAU Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Sevilla (Recibido el 10 de agosto de 1977) Resumen. En el presente trabajo se estudia el polen de 33 especies correspondien- tes a 10 géneros de la subfamilia Paronychioideae (Caryophyllaceae), al microscopio óp- tico así como al electrónico. Las características del polen estudiadas muestran una gran va- riación, lo que permite hacer una clave para la determinación de los géneros así como de la mayoría de las especies. Se discute, por los rasgos del polen, la posición taxonómica de la subfamilia Paronychioideae. Summary. In this paper, the palinology of 33 species belonging to 10 genera of the subfamily Paronychioideae (Caryophyllaceae) is studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen characters show a wide range of variation, which allowes to differentiate not only the genera but also most of the species. The palinology of this subfamily is discussed with reference to the taxonomy. A palinological key for identifi- cation of the genera is included. INTRODUCCION La familia Caryophyllaceae presenta en la Península Ibérica una gran complejidad morfológica, por lo que se ha pensado que un estudio palino- lógico de la misma podría ser de utilidad para el esclarecimiento de alguno de los numerosos problemas taxonómicos que en ella se presentan. Se inicia este estudio con un primer trabajo, en donde se tratan la mayoría de las especies de la subfamilia Paronychioideae representadas en el S de España. Estas observaciones se ampliarán en un futuro a las otras dos subfamilias y posteriormente al resto de las Caryophyllaceae españolas. -
A Significant Seed Bank for Spergularia Marina (Caryophyllaceae)1
200 C. A. STEWART Vol. 88 BRIEF NOTE A Significant Seed Bank for Spergularia marina (Caryophyllaceae)1 IRWIN A. UNGAR, Department of Botany, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701 ABSTRACT. The seed bank of Spergularia marina averaged 471,135 seeds m~2 in an Ohio salt marsh, rep- resenting the largest seed pool reported in the literature for a flowering plant community. Seed banks perform an important role in maintaining populations of annual halophytes, such as S. marina, in salt marshes, because of the local extinction of plant populations in these unpredictable and highly stressful sa- line environments. OHIO J. SCI. 88 (5): 200-202, 1988 INTRODUCTION area, the species has spread widely over the marsh so that local populations in 1987 contained as many as Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. is an annual halophyte 2 that was first reported to occur in a wet saline marsh at 120,000 plants m~ . Rittman, Ohio in 1978 (Riehl and Ungar 1980). Since Seed banks may play a very important role in main- the first report of S. marina in one small area of the salt taining plant species at sites in which the environment marsh containing fewer than 100 plants in a 600-cm2 is unpredictable. Moisture and salinity stress caused by reduced precipitation at any time during the growing 'Manuscript received 14 July 1988 and in revised form 4 October season can eliminate an entire local population. A re- 1988 (#88-15). view of the seed bank literature indicates that some plant Ohio J. Science SPERGULARIA SEED BANK 201 communities maintain very large seed banks: annual to 38,506 seeds m 2 in June, because of seed germina- grassland = 300,000 seeds m"2 (Young et al. -
Caryophyllaceae
Reduction of the androecium in Spergularia marina (Caryophyllaceae) A.A. Sterk Hugo de Vries-Laboratorium, Universiteit van Amsterdam SUMMARY A study of the variation in the number of fertile stamens in flowers of Spergularia marina revealed that this number fluctuates between 0 and 10 but is usually 2 to 5. A statistical ana- lysis showed that reduction did not take place at random, because certain stamens tend to dis- appear more often than other ones, the progressive reduction also proceeding according to certain rules. Although the causal explanation for these phenomana can only be a tentative one for the time being, the statistical data are put on record in order to draw the attention to the occurrence of such singular processes. A study of androecial variability in Spergularia marina (L.) Griseb. showed that the number of fertile stamens per flower fluctuates between 0 and 10. Flowers with an optimum development of the androecium (with two whorls of 5 fertile stamens) are very rare. The majority of the flowers have 2 to 5 fertile androecial elements and evidently the reduction of the androecium has progres- sed rather far in this species (Sterk 1968, 1969). It is a question whether the reduction proceeds according to a certain pattern first certain androecial or at random. In the case configurations may be expected to occur in relatively high frequencies, but in the second no such preference of occurrence of special configurations may be anticipated. The possibility to study the reduction is provided by the circumstance that, at least in the populations studied, all phases of a progressive reduction are represented, i.e., all intermediatestages between flowers without fertile stamens and flowers with 10 fertile stamens occur. -
Flora and Fauna Specialist Assessment Report for the Proposed De Aar 2 South Grid Connection Near De Aar, Northern Cape Province
FLORA AND FAUNA SPECIALIST ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR THE PROPOSED DE AAR 2 SOUTH GRID CONNECTION NEAR DE AAR, NORTHERN CAPE PROVINCE On behalf of Mulilo De Aar 2 South (Pty) Ltd December 2020 Prepared By: Arcus Consultancy Services South Africa (Pty) Limited Office 607 Cube Workspace Icon Building Cnr Long Street and Hans Strijdom Avenue Cape Town 8001 T +27 (0) 21 412 1529 l E [email protected] W www.arcusconsulting.co.za Registered in South Africa No. 2015/416206/07 Flora & Fauna Impact Assessment Report De Aar 2 South Transmission Line and Switching Station TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Background .................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Assessment Philosophy .................................................................................. 4 1.3 Scope of Study ................................................................................................ 5 1.4 Assumptions and Limitations ......................................................................... 5 2 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 5 3 RESULTS .................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Vegetation ...................................................................................................... 6 3.1.1 Northern Upper -
Notes on the Distribution of Spergularia Echinosperma and the Newly Recognized Species S
Neilreichia 9: 269–282 (2018) Notes on the distribution of Spergularia echinosperma and the newly recognized species S. kurkae in Austria Pavel Kúr,1 Clemens Pachschwöll2 & Milan Štech3 1 Department of Botany, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, 193 00 Praha, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria; e-mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: Spergularia echinosperma represents a rare species of dwarf rush communities (veg- etation class Isoëto-Nano-Juncetea) bound to exposed bottoms of fishponds, sediment accumula- tions along rivers, exposed banks of oxbows, lakes and water reservoirs. Despite considered an endemic of Central Europe, S. echinosperma has only been poorly studied biosystematically until recently. Latest studies, however, radically changed our view of the species’ evolution and taxon- omy. Spergularia kurkae – an allotetraploid hybrid between diploid S. echinosperma and tetraploid S. rubra described in 1989 – has been demonstrated to be a stabilized self-seeding species. It grows in similar habitats as S. echinosperma but mostly occurs as a complete orphan, i.e., in the absence of any of the parental species. In addition, a new subspecies within S. echinosperma – S. echino- sperma subsp. albensis – has been described recently. Mapping the distributions of these only re- cently distinguished taxa has so far been limited to the Czech Republic and parts of Germany, and information on their occurrence in other Central European countries is still lacking. -
Washington Flora Checklist a Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Washington State Hosted by the University of Washington Herbarium
Washington Flora Checklist A checklist of the Vascular Plants of Washington State Hosted by the University of Washington Herbarium The Washington Flora Checklist aims to be a complete list of the native and naturalized vascular plants of Washington State, with current classifications, nomenclature and synonymy. The checklist currently contains 3,929 terminal taxa (species, subspecies, and varieties). Taxa included in the checklist: * Native taxa whether extant, extirpated, or extinct. * Exotic taxa that are naturalized, escaped from cultivation, or persisting wild. * Waifs (e.g., ballast plants, escaped crop plants) and other scarcely collected exotics. * Interspecific hybrids that are frequent or self-maintaining. * Some unnamed taxa in the process of being described. Family classifications follow APG IV for angiosperms, PPG I (J. Syst. Evol. 54:563?603. 2016.) for pteridophytes, and Christenhusz et al. (Phytotaxa 19:55?70. 2011.) for gymnosperms, with a few exceptions. Nomenclature and synonymy at the rank of genus and below follows the 2nd Edition of the Flora of the Pacific Northwest except where superceded by new information. Accepted names are indicated with blue font; synonyms with black font. Native species and infraspecies are marked with boldface font. Please note: This is a working checklist, continuously updated. Use it at your discretion. Created from the Washington Flora Checklist Database on September 17th, 2018 at 9:47pm PST. Available online at http://biology.burke.washington.edu/waflora/checklist.php Comments and questions should be addressed to the checklist administrators: David Giblin ([email protected]) Peter Zika ([email protected]) Suggested citation: Weinmann, F., P.F. Zika, D.E. Giblin, B. -
BSBI News September 2016 No
BSBI News September 2016 No. 133 Edited by Trevor James & Gwynn Ellis ISSN 0309-930X Gymnadenia borealis Gymnadenia conopsea Gymnadenia conopsea × G. borealis All Gymnadenia photos taken at Sleets Gill near Kilnsey in the Yorkshire Dales (v.c.64) by Jesse Tregale © 2016 (see p. 6) CONTENTS Important Notices Botanical Crossword 28...........Cruciada 32 From the President..................J. Faulkner 2 News of Members.................................... 33 BSBI Review..J. Houldsworth, Mark Spencer......................D. Pearman 33 ..................J. Faulkner & C. Metherell 3 Botanical Crossword 28...........Cruciada 41 Notes from the Editors T. James & G. Ellis 3 Requests................................................... 42 Notes...................................................... 4-31 Forthcoming book – A new botanical Keeping the wild in wild flowers? teratology..................T. McCloughlin 33 ..............................................K. Walker 4 Diary for 2016......................C. Metherell 33 Putative Fragrant Orchid (Gymnadenia) Recorders and Recording.................. 34-37 hybrid in the Yorkshire Dales Panel of Referees and Specialists.....J. Ison 34 ..........................................B.A. Tregale 6 Panel of Vice-county Recorders P. Stroh 34 Attracting young botanists..........N. Miller 7 Where and what do we record? Ophrys finds in Dorset............R.M. Walls 8 ....K. Walker, D. Pearman & P. Stroh 35 A monstrous Scrophularia nodosa Digital archiving.....................Q. Groom 36 ...............................T.J.J. -
NE-R-Part II Results & Rec CWL Schedules Review
PART II Results and recommendations from the review of Schedules and protected species under the Conservation of Wildlife (Jersey) Law 2000 Report Authors Nina Cornish Department of the Environment John Pinel Howard Davis Farm Lindsey Napton Trinity 2015 CONTENTS Page no. Introduction 4 Background 4 1) Schedules for protected species 6 1.1) Review of Schedules 6 1.2) Birds which reuse their nest 7 1.3) Birds which may be killed or taken 9 1.3.1) Corvids & Pigeons 9 1.3.2) Cage Traps 11 1.3.3) Pheasants 11 1.4) Introduction of new species and invasive non-native 13 species 1.4.1) 14ZA - Sale etc. of invasive non-native species; 16 1.4.2) 14ZB - Codes of practice in connection with invasive 16 non-native species. 1.5) Animals which may not be taken or killed in certain 17 ways 1.6) New Schedules 19 1.6.1) Invertebrate Species (terrestrial) 19 1.6.2) Bryophytes, Fungi and Lichens 21 1.6.3) Marine Species 23 1.7) Summary of new recommended schedules 25 2) Levels of protection 26 2.1) Focus group results - Levels of protection 30 2.2) Recommended framework for defining different levels 30 of protection 3) Criteria for listing species 32 3.1) Endangered under the IUCN 33 3.1.1) Figure - Structure of the IUCN Red List Categories 33 3.2) Selection criteria for listing species onto Schedules 33 under the CWL 3.2.1) Table – Criteria comparison 34 3.3) Proposed Criteria for Scheduling species under 34 Schedule 1 (part I & II) and 2 of the Conservation of the Wildlife Law 2000 (CWL) 3.4) Species listing 39 3.4.1) Jersey listings 39 3.4.2 Table -