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Stowell Make-Up
The Cambridge Companion to the CELLO Robin Stowell Professor of Music, Cardiff University The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP,United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK http://www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011–4211, USA http://www.cup.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1999 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1999 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge Typeset in Adobe Minion 10.75/14 pt, in QuarkXpress™ [] A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data ISBN 0 521 621011 hardback ISBN 0 521 629284 paperback Contents List of illustrations [page viii] Notes on the contributors [x] Preface [xiii] Acknowledgements [xv] List of abbreviations, fingering and notation [xvi] 21 The cello: origins and evolution John Dilworth [1] 22 The bow: its history and development John Dilworth [28] 23 Cello acoustics Bernard Richardson [37] 24 Masters of the Baroque and Classical eras Margaret Campbell [52] 25 Nineteenth-century virtuosi Margaret Campbell [61] 26 Masters of the twentieth century Margaret Campbell [73] 27 The concerto Robin Stowell and David Wyn Jones [92] 28 The sonata Robin Stowell [116] 29 Other solo repertory Robin Stowell [137] 10 Ensemble music: in the chamber and the orchestra Peter Allsop [160] 11 Technique, style and performing practice to c. -
Messiah Notes.Indd
Take One... The Messiah Violin Teacher guidance notes The Messiah Violin is on display in A zoomable image of the violin is available Gallery 39, Music and Tapestry. on our website. Visit www.ashmolean.org/education/ Starting Questions The following questions may be useful as a starting point for thinking about the Messiah violin and developing speaking and listening skills with your class. • What materials do you think this violin is made from? • Why do you think this violin is in a museum? • Where do you think it might come from? • What kind of person do you think would have owned this violin? • Who could have made it? • Does the violin look like it has been played a lot or does it look brand new? • How old do you think the violin could be? • If I told you that nobody is allowed to play this violin do you feel about that? These guidance notes are designed to help you use the Ashmolean’s Messiah violin as a focus for cross-curricular teaching and learning. A visit to the Ashmolean Museum to see your chosen object offers your class the perfect ‘learning outside the classroom’ opportunity. Background Information Italy - a town that was already famous for its master violin makers. The new styles of violins and cellos that The Object he developed were remarkable for their excellent tonal quality and became the basic design for many TThe Messiah violin dates from Stradivari’s ‘golden modern versions of the instruments. period’ of around 1700 - 1725. The violin owes Stradivari’s violins are regarded as the fi nest ever its fame chiefl y to its fresh appearance due to the made. -
B&F Magazine Issue 31
No. 31 A VIOLIN BY PIETRO GIOVANNI GUARNERI, MANTUA, 1709 superb instruments loaned to them by the Arrisons, gave spectacular performances and received standing ovations. Our profound thanks go to Karen and Clement Arrison for their dedication to preserving our classical music traditions and helping rising stars launch their careers over many years. Our feature is on page 11. Violinist William Hagen Wins Third Prize at the Queen Elisabeth International Dear Friends, Competition With a very productive summer coming to a close, I am Bravo to Bein & Fushi customer delighted to be able to tell you about a few of our recent and dear friend William Hagen for notable sales. The exquisite “Posselt, Philipp” Giuseppe being awarded third prize at the Guarneri del Gesù of 1732 is one of very few instruments Queen Elisabeth Competition in named after women: American virtuoso Ruth Posselt (1911- Belgium. He is the highest ranking 2007) and amateur violinist Renee Philipp of Rotterdam, American winner since 1980. who acquired the violin in 1918. And exceptional violins by Hagen was the second prize winner Camillo Camilli and Santo Serafin along with a marvelous of the Fritz Kreisler International viola bow by Dominique Peccatte are now in the very gifted Music Competition in 2014. He has hands of discerning artists. I am so proud of our sales staff’s Photo: Richard Busath attended the Colburn School where amazing ability to help musicians find their ideal match in an he studied with Robert Lipsett and Juilliardilli d wherehh he was instrument or bow. a student of Itzhak Perlman and Catherine Cho. -
A Violin by Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Guarneri
141 A VIOLIN BY GIUSEPPE GIOVANNI BATTISTA GUARNERI Roger Hargrave, who has also researched and drawn the enclosed poster, discusses an outstanding example of the work of a member of the Guarneri family known as `Joseph Guarneri filius Andrea'. Andrea Guarneri was the first He may never have many details of instruments by of the Guarneri family of violin reached the heights of his Joseph filius at this period recall makers and an apprentice of contemporary, the Amati school, this type of Nicola Amati (he was actually varnish, in combination with registered as living in the house Antonio Stradivarius, but he the freer hand of Joseph, gives of Nicola Amati in 1641). Andrea's does rank as one of the the instruments a visual impact youngest son, whose work is il - greatest makers of all time. never achieved by an Amati or , lustrated here, was called. We should not forget he with the exception of Stradi - Giuseppe. Because several of the sired and trained the great vari, by any other classical Guarneri family bear the same del Gesu' maker before this time. christian names, individuals have traditionally been identified by a It should be said, however, suffix attached to their names. that the varnish of Joseph filius Thus, Giuseppe's brother is known as `Peter Guarneri varies considerably. It is not always of such out - of Mantua' to distinguish him from Giuseppe's son, standing quality the same can be said of Joseph's pro - who is known as `Peter Guarneri of Venice'. duction in general. If I were asked to describe the instruments of a few of the great Cremonese makers Giuseppe himself is called 'Giuseppe Guarneri filius in a single word, I would say that Amatis (all of them) Andrea' or, more simply, `Joseph filius' to distinguish are `refined', Stradivaris are `stately', del Gesus are him from his other son, the illustrious 'Giuseppe `rebellious' and the instruments of Joseph filius An - Guarneri del Gesu'. -
A Violin by Jacobus Stainer 1679
146 A VIOLIN BY JACOBUS STAINER 1679 Roger Hargrave examines the construction and workmanship of this violin, which still retains its original undisturbed baroque neck. Roger Hargrave se penche sur la construction et la the necessary experience. facon d'un violon Jacobus Stainer, 1679, qui conserve Earlier Füssen in the Allgäu might have been a con - son manche baroque original encore intact. sideration, however, the ravages of the thirty years Roger Hargrave untersucht den Bau and die war had left Füssen bereft of skilled instrument mak - Machart einer Violine von Jacobus Stainer, 1679, ers, most of whom had found refuge in Italy and deren ursprünglicher barocker Hals unversehrt in particular in Venice, Rome and Padua. erhalten ist. Experts seem to agree that Stainer learned Jacobus Stainer is one of the very few non - his trade in Italy. And although this agree - Italian violin makers whose life and work have ment mostly rests on analogies of Stainer's been seriously researched. work, it is also known (from his writings) that he was familiar with the language. Furthermore, There have been a number of important publi - there are several oral traditions relating to an cations, most of which have drawn upon the Italian apprenticeship. As might be expected scholarly research work of the late Professor however these oral traditions are contra - Dr. Walter Senn. However, in spite of dictory, on the one hand saying that Senn's magnificent efforts, several im - Stainer worked in Venice and on the portant questions remain unanswered, other that he worked in Cremona. the exact dates of Stainer's birth and death, whether he used both written and Although Senn seems to have been printed labels, and undoubtedly the most convinced that Stainer . -
Antonio Stradivari "Servais" 1701
32 ANTONIO STRADIVARI "SERVAIS" 1701 The renowned "Servais" cello by Stradivari is examined by Roger Hargrave Photographs: Stewart Pollens Research Assistance: Julie Reed Technical Assistance: Gary Sturm (Smithsonian Institute) In 184.6 an Englishman, James Smithson, gave the bines the grandeur of the pre‑1700 instrument with US Government $500,000 to be used `for the increase the more masculine build which we could wish to and diffusion of knowledge among men.' This was the have met with in the work of the master's earlier beginning of the vast institution which now domi - years. nates the down‑town Washington skyline. It includes the J.F. Kennedy Centre for Performing Arts and the Something of the cello's history is certainly worth National Zoo, as well as many specialist museums, de - repeating here, since, as is often the case, much of picting the achievements of men in every conceiv - this is only to be found in rare or expensive publica - able field. From the Pony Express to the Skylab tions. The following are extracts from the Reminis - orbital space station, from Sandro Botticelli to Jack - cences of a Fiddle Dealer by David Laurie, a Scottish son Pollock this must surely be the largest museum violin dealer, who was a contemporary of J.B. Vuil - and arts complex anywhere in the world. Looking laume: around, one cannot help feeling that this is the sort While attending one of M. Jansen's private con - of place where somebody might be disappointed not certs, I had the pleasure of meeting M. Servais of Hal, to find the odd Strad! And indeed, if you can manage one of the most renowned violoncellists of the day . -
Syrinx (Debussy) Body and Soul (Johnny Green)
Sound of Music How It Works Session 5 Musical Instruments OLLI at Illinois Hurrian Hymn from Ancient Mesopotamian Spring 2020 Musical Fragment c. 1440 BCE D. H. Tracy Sound of Music How It Works Session 5 Musical Instruments OLLI at Illinois Shadow of the Ziggurat Assyrian Hammered Lyre Spring 2020 (Replica) D. H. Tracy Sound of Music How It Works Session 5 Musical Instruments OLLI at Illinois Hymn to Horus Replica Ancient Lyre Spring 2020 Based on Trad. Eqyptian Folk Melody D. H. Tracy Sound of Music How It Works Session 5 Musical Instruments OLLI at Illinois Roman Banquet Replica Kithara Spring 2020 Orig Composition in Hypophrygian Mode D. H. Tracy Sound of Music How It Works Session 5 Musical Instruments OLLI at Illinois Spring 2020 D. H. Tracy If You Missed a Session…. • PDF’s of previous presentations – Also other handout materials are on the OLLI Course website: http://olli.illinois.edu/downloads/courses/ The Sound of Music Syllabus.pdf References for Sound of Music OLLI Course Spring 2020.pdf Smartphone Apps for Sound of Music.pdf Musical Scale Cheat Sheet.pdf OLLI Musical Scale Slider Tool.pdf SoundOfMusic_1 handout.pdf SoM_2_handout.pdf SoM_3 handout.pdf SoM_4 handout.pdf 2/25/20 Sound of Music 5 6 Course Outline 1. Building Blocks: Some basic concepts 2. Resonance: Building Sounds 3. Hearing and the Ear 4. Musical Scales 5. Musical Instruments 6. Singing and Musical Notation 7. Harmony and Dissonance; Chords 8. Combining the Elements of Music 2/25/20 Sound of Music 5 7 Chicago Symphony Orchestra (2015) 2/25/20 Sound of Music -
Violin Detective
COMMENT BOOKS & ARTS instruments have gone up in value after I found that their soundboards matched trees known to have been used by Stradivari; one subsequently sold at auction for more than four times its estimate. Many convincing for- KAMILA RATCLIFF geries were made in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the science did not exist then. Forgers now are aware of dendro- chronology, and it could be a problem if they use wood from old chalets to build sophisti- cated copies of historical instruments. How about unintentional deceit? I never like to ‘kill’ a violin — reveal it as not what it seems. But if the wood does not match the claims, I investigate. I was recently sent photos of a violin supposedly made by an Italian craftsman who died in 1735. The wood dated to the 1760s, so I knew he could not have made it. But I did see strong cor- relations to instruments made by his sons and nephews who worked in the 1770s. So Peter Ratcliff restores and investigates violins from his workshop in Hove, UK. I deduced that the violin might have been damaged and an entirely new soundboard made after the craftsman’s death. The violin Q&A Peter Ratcliff was pulled from auction, but not before it had received bids of more than US$100,000. Will dendrochronology change the market? Violin detective I think it already has, and has called into Peter Ratcliff uses dendrochronology — tree-ring dating — to pin down the age and suggest the question some incorrect historical assump- provenance of stringed instruments. -
The Working Methods of Guarneri Del Gesů and Their Influence Upon His
45 The Working Methods of Guarneri del Gesù and their Influence upon his Stylistic Development Text and Illustrations by Roger Graham Hargrave Please take time to read this warning! Although the greatest care has been taken while compiling this site it almost certainly contains many mistakes. As such its contents should be treated with extreme caution. Neither I nor my fellow contributors can accept responsibility for any losses resulting from information or opin - ions, new or old, which are reproduced here. Some of the ideas and information have already been superseded by subsequent research and de - velopment. (I have attempted to included a bibliography for further information on such pieces) In spite of this I believe that these articles are still of considerable use. For copyright or other practical reasons it has not been possible to reproduce all the illustrations. I have included the text for the series of posters that I created for the Strad magazine. While these posters are all still available, with one exception, they have been reproduced without the original accompanying text. The Labels mentions an early form of Del Gesù label, 98 later re - jected by the Hills as spurious. 99 The strongest evi - Before closing the body of the instrument, Del dence for its existence is found in the earlier Gesù fixed his label on the inside of the back, beneath notebooks of Count Cozio Di Salabue, who mentions the bass soundhole and roughly parallel to the centre four violins by the younger Giuseppe, all labelled and line. The labels which remain in their original posi - dated, from the period 1727 to 1730. -
Stradivari Violin Manual
Table of Contents 1. Disclaimer .................................................................................................................. 1 2. Welcome .................................................................................................................... 2 3. Document Conventions ............................................................................................... 3 4. Installation and Setup ................................................................................................. 4 5. About STRADIVARI VIOLIN ........................................................................................ 6 5.1. Key Features .................................................................................................... 6 6. Main Page .................................................................................................................. 8 7. Snapshots ................................................................................................................ 10 7.1. Overview of Snapshots ................................................................................... 10 7.2. Saving a User Snapshot ................................................................................. 10 7.3. Loading a Snapshot ......................................................................................... 11 7.4. Deleting a User Snapshot ............................................................................... 12 8. Articulation .............................................................................................................. -
The Issue of Size: a Glimpse Into the History of the Violoncello Piccolo
Page 1 The Issue of Size: A Glimpse into the History of the Violoncello Piccolo by Johanna Randvere Early Music Department University of the Arts, Sibelius Academy April 2020 Page 2 Abstract The aim of this research is to find out whether, how and why the size, tuning and the number of strings of the cello in the 17th and 18th centuries varied. There are multiple reasons to believe that the instrument we now recognize as a cello has not always been as clearly defined as now. There are written theoretical sources, original survived instruments, iconographical sources and cello music that support the hypothesis that smaller-sized cellos – violoncelli piccoli – were commonly used among string players of Europe in the Baroque era. The musical examples in this paper are based on my own experience as a cellist and viol player. The research is historically informed (HIP) and theoretically based on treatises concerning instruments from the 17th and the 18th centuries as well as articles by colleagues around the world. In the first part of this paper I will concentrate on the history of the cello, possible reasons for its varying dimensions and how the size of the cello affects playing it. Because this article is quite cello-specific, I have included a chapter concerning technical vocabulary in order to make my text more understandable also for those who are not acquainted with string instruments. In applying these findings to the music written for the piccolo, the second part of the article focuses on the music of Johann Sebastian Bach, namely cantatas with obbligato piccolo part, Cello Suite No. -
Secrets of Stradivarius' Unique Violin Sound Revealed, Prof Says 22 January 2009
Secrets Of Stradivarius' unique violin sound revealed, prof says 22 January 2009 Nagyvary obtained minute wood samples from restorers working on Stradivarius and Guarneri instruments ("no easy trick and it took a lot of begging to get them," he adds). The results of the preliminary analysis of these samples, published in "Nature" in 2006, suggested that the wood was brutally treated by some unidentified chemicals. For the present study, the researchers burned the wood slivers to ash, the only way to obtain accurate readings for the chemical elements. They found numerous chemicals in the wood, among them borax, fluorides, chromium and iron salts. Violin "Borax has a long history as a preservative, going back to the ancient Egyptians, who used it in mummification and later as an insecticide," For centuries, violin makers have tried and failed to Nagyvary adds. reproduce the pristine sound of Stradivarius and Guarneri violins, but after 33 years of work put into "The presence of these chemicals all points to the project, a Texas A&M University professor is collaboration between the violin makers and the confident the veil of mystery has now been lifted. local drugstore and druggist at the time. Their probable intent was to treat the wood for Joseph Nagyvary, a professor emeritus of preservation purposes. Both Stradivari and biochemistry, first theorized in 1976 that chemicals Guarneri would have wanted to treat their violins to used on the instruments - not merely the wood and prevent worms from eating away the wood because the construction - are responsible for the distinctive worm infestations were very widespread at that sound of these violins.