Kerwin's Creed of Labor Relations MJhe Journal of

I MATM I MYTH~~~~~irs!I

PECORDING · THE; · ELdECTiICA,- ERTA VOL. XXXVI WASHINGTON. D. C., JULY, 1937 NO. 7 ORGANIZING for SAFETY

IIRGXANIZI) Electrical WVoIrkecrs ied .o .i.rgu..untson the general .suhject of organizalon on the job. They are alrecady convinced of its ih.portlace else they would not he iIltllhel, Of time lrotlehuli..od.

Incidental t .. .mtcnbersh ipisthile 1. W. II. A. insurauee, arud thile pension, both of which have estab'slled Ie'i, econori c inptrt.ce t Ittie mlrship. I.mbe

Hut is that enough insurance Ihr re al afety and p.-.feclion for you and your loved ones?

Wouldn't illore life insurance at s.ilall cost produce nore peace of mind now, and pay mnore hills if you lboul d be taken from ihen,?

Mfany nemibesr and their families have found it so. Ma.ny thousand I. B. P. W. Wnenebers carry group life insurance in i nion (Cooperative.

For example, in 1936, Union Cooperative paid under group policies more than $500,000, in tventy states, the Distriet of Columbia, and Canada.

Your Local I nion, your iceIbe, s, and their familii imwould undoubtedly be better off ii o-ganizel for furtlher safety and protection through group life insurance.

Local UnlitlN Tunlhriog les than fifty memhers are not eligible under the insurance laws for a pullicy. M .any life insurane c on. lpanies will not insure any labor unions.

ginion Coop, rti.e .. ill gladldy eo-opletallr with y,,ur L.,,ocl 1ti in theadoption of such a plan. for,, softy and prtctioin,

UNION COOPERATIVE INSURANCE ASSOCIATION (A legal reserve life inf, r e oaapny

1200 Fifteenth Street, N. ,W. Washington, I). C. I - 24W-41-======I Y OFFICIAL ORGAN OF TIlE Magazine Chat Perhaps our regular readers INTERNATIONAL are not aware of the fact that fl we have a large reading clientele ELECTRICAL WORKERS ANDOPERATORS outside the union. The Journal goes to most college PUBLISHED MONTHLY and public libraries, but it is purchased also by many employers and other G. M. BUGNIAZET, Editor, 120015th St. N. W., Washington, D. C. persons interested in the elec- trical industry. This public has widened during the last few This Journal will not be held reeponsible for view, epressoed by years. correspondents. The first of each month is the closing date; all copy must he Ia our From one such reader who is hands on or before. not a member of the union, Awe have received a letter of great interest. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Railroads (,C. .MCGro.AN "The April issue of the Jour- Ereoner Areade, St. Pt al, Miiin. nal of Electrical International President, D. W. ThaC¥. Workers is a 1200 15th St., N. W., Washingt m,, INTERNATIONAL fine one. Several articles are so D. C. EXECUTIVE COUNCIL good that they deserve the wid- est circulation International Seretary. £, M Bc; and probably will (}{AS. M. lvi]r'. C ,hirman get some of it, I cannot too NiA,?T, 1200 15th St., N. W., Wah- 4919 ( uylcr Ave., Chicago, TII ingtn, D. C. much admire the good wvrk you Fiosi ]/strHict G. W. W nIr.on are doing along most lines. Ieitrnntional Treasurer, W. A. Bo A. 1517 'I hird Avi. Nw York, N. $17 South Sixth Ave., Mt. Vernon, "The Matzini motto is my N.Y. Steo ii Dist ri iFt.. L L, .EY own-not too popular a motive. t'5 Blea:n St., lTyde Park, M sas Your first editorial and second VICE PRESIIDENTS Third District M. P. (;OR.N. are particularly good the 2104 fifth liaw nrd Finance plIle. is great. The article on "Judges F'irst District iE inlem 429i Fourth Ave., litshlurgh. Pa. Have Passion for Power" is one e. R 3, London, Ont., Cn. Fourth )ilir-ct Einw,XR NOrll :AGr I of the most cogent discussions of Scnd istricrt CHA . KA¥vr y 1717 0 St.. N. W., Washingto.,. I). C. this subject. The "Supreme Box G48, Lynn, Muss,. JTMS F. (sasy Court Is Inconsistent" is also a T1ird ]istret EDw¥ F. KiniT 50501Maflitt Ave.l S. L,, iF good article. Others hardly less 1200 lith St., N. VW.Washington, lb. C. Sixth District G. ( os so. Fourth District AMRlit U lN.E sit 1532 No. Boston St, Tulsa, )Okil. "Congratulations. I do say it Ioxi 241, Youngstown. Ohio Seventh District C F Orin sincerely." Fifth Disrjict G. X t.c~ iA 644 Madison St., Denve, Coi. 1Nuirth 20th St., Birningh.nn,. Ala. Eighth District t . 1.. M a Sixth District . . or 165 Janm St.. Iliaor Tenple,. 1920 Lake Shore Drive, Chicanr, IllWiip, C Then he adds: Seventh District W.L. tINCaM TELEPHONE OPFRATORS' "The quotation from Jefferson 3611 Laughton St.. Fort Worth, Texas DEPARTMENT on the pride and power and Eighth District II. W. SitL President Jll' O'CoNNOR unique lack of responsibility of BoX 471, Denver, Coie 5 Boylston Pir'e, lBoton, Mss.a. judges is well ehosen--a search- Ninth District J. ScorT MI.NE Scrtetary MAiRy IiAliY ing, challenging condition, In 740 P'aific Bidfl., San Francisco, Chili 5 Boylston Place,. Boston, Mass. many trade organizations, every- one is amenahle to discipline ex- cept the Counsel, who alone Contents P... gives opinions by which all must Ploker Is the Great American Came,--Frontispiece abide. Who gives him his or- lterorm Does Not Halt Soaring Profits 286 ?87 ders remains a Two Little Words-What lo They Mean? mystery between John Farmer Lights and pnwers Hin Home 219 himself and his God, whoever Labor (Conrllation 290 that may happen to be-without Service Takes Spotlight. 292 Building Trades Enter International any irreverence. of course." Field 295 The Soul of Italy Speaks Through lilone . World's Fairs Based Upon Electric Exhibits 296 297 Hazards Cost Billions In One Trade 298 It is estimated that there are More Liglht on Quest..ion of Skill Shortage. Commodity Theory of Labor Bobs 299 I. Again 300 probably 10,000 subscriptions Iabor's Friend Visualizes a Modern State. outside of the union Editorial. 301 and many Woman's Work. 302 more than that number in List of Co-operating 3o4 Manulat.urrn .... 306 readers. Our Journal goes to Correspondence . .... many foreign Fraternity of the 308 countries. We Air ...... 315 In reach technicians, scientists, Memoriam 327 Local Union Officil Receipts. educators, as well as employers Your 329 Whintton Reporter ..... 332 in this great new field. fi avl===-=;~~~~_~;------~ ~ ~ ,x tmm~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~S rmLo. byN.tnL: ,bhIza Ca 10t ItUl s .W . wa.lata n . 286 The Journal of Eletrical Wiorkers and Operators July, 1937

I "U " 1:"'11"U'" ' d

Poker is the jrt Arnedean ganme. ther. ..n ho go fior making huge proiis do it for Ue ove of m Y or power, or merely for h, sake Ogyg the g e. tey must r.vise= the ru 'eso tle psme A painting by boh ~.Ebu.. 0 .entitledStud poker

r"ckE THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WOMJRS &OPERAIRS '1 OfFicial Publication of the International Brotherhood of Elechdrical Workers at Wnfhingtan. ) C.. Scond CIu .terIs Acceptance for mailin at speci r',, ol pontag pro- vided (or in Setion I eO,Act october 3, 1917, autherid M.rdh 28, 1922 INGLE COPIES, 20 CENTS $2.00 PER YEAR. IN ADVANCE K*'A . IIllyfilill VOL. XXXVI WASHINGTON, D. C, JULY, 1937 NO. 7 Reform Does Not Halt Soaring Profits

HIS article might, be entitled Wash- showed all increase of 4,311 per cent. ington Headaches." Though pros- Profits of leading corporations These figures are staggering, as the perity is beginning to shine on great tables show on next page. sections of the population, the United for the last quarter of 1936, greater There was a flurry of interest recently States has not arrived at that stage of than in 1929. Price factor studied. when the President of the United States development where the economic system What about wages? made a statement declaring that prices in is completely in the control of social certain industries were too high. These forces. This is evidenced by the large prices receded at once. There was a number of unemployed,, which figures resultant Iflurry on the stock exchange. have shrunken very little luring the contributing cause to most depressions is The whole problem is tied up with the strenuous efforts of government to com- failing purchasing power. In a study of important question as to whether democ- bat depression, and reconstruct economic 20 business cycles, that is, rise and fall of racy can control the economic system, life business, depressions and booms indicate Labor has already spoken about the pres- Business men are saying very little that the upturn of business usually de- ent state of the union in respect to the about profits. They are saying a great pends upon the downturn; that the aver- wages, profits and prices. In a statement deal about the interference of government age downturn is about 20 months and issued last fall, President Green of the with business and they are impatlient with the average upturn about 25 months. American Federation of Labor said: all reform Buiness men are aware of Unlike past depressions and booms the "Many industries, by speed-up methods the fact that the economic system admits great depressions through which we have and technological improvements have of partial eontro,. They are keping this just passed lasted 45 months. The up- greatly increased the wrer production fact dark also. The New i)eal represents turn, beginning in 1934, has lasted 49 per hour. This has sometimes placed an a new party in power, a new polfitical months. added work land on the wage earner for alignment. It represents more than that Returning now to causes, it is interest- which he receives no corresponding gain -a whole new economic philosophy. ing to know that for seven years, between in pay. Figures comparing manufactur- Behind the scenes in Washington, 1922 and 1929, there was roughly about ing industries in general in 1935 and 1936 econonists attached to various govern- a 30 per cent gain in technological effi- are not yet available, but we have enough dient departments have been studJying ciency. This, in manufacturing indus- records of different industries to show the with microscopic lenses the workings of tries. Wage earners in these same indus- trend. In automobiles in 1936, gains in the eeonomic system and .ought to advise tries made a gain roughly of only 8 per production npe worher have been double the President in such wise as to avoid re- cent. Production increased about 35 per wage gains; in the boot and shoe industry. currence of the debale, of 1929. Whether cent, and profits increased about 85 per production per worker per hour has in- they have learned enough to give sound cent. creased 10.5 per cent, while the worker's advice, or whether social control has been Something had to be done about these earnings per hour have actually decreased achieved to that dlegree and pitch that problems, and it is a fact that they moved 2.6 per cent. Steel and fabricated metals the advice can be taken, only the future into three directions: (1) They went into are also among the industries where tech- can reveal. foreign investments; (2) they were used nological changes have increased produc- Economists who sit in {lusty little of- for heavy speculation in stocks and eon- tivity. When records for all are available fles and,. like sien.tists, survey the havroc modities in the stock exchanges; and, (3) they will unqurIstioriably show that the of 1929 and ciart the course of the eco-I, they were diverted back into business for upward productivity trend of recent years nomic upturn of 1934 seek no publicity; an excessive increase in production equip- has continued in 1936(i. they get no publicity. Their pblenm is ment not fully needed. "Profits of the larer corporations are to discover and to knuow. What they lip. Between profits and prices there is a now approaching predepreasion levels. In pear to be ldoing is to study the ehltion- close and inescapable relation. Price the first half of 1936. profits of 280 large ship of three great factors oIf eonmnic might be defined as a mechanism by industrial ceorporatioms exeeded 1935 by life and the effelt upon each other. These which profits are collected. Due to the 58' per cent. Early reports for the third factors are: concentration in ownership and control in quarter show a 60 per cent increase in Profits private hands in that period between 1922 ean ings over the third quarter of 1935 Prices and 1929, prices did not fall very rapidly, for 102 eoptn ies. Thie nine months Wages. probably only five points. What iv oc- gain for these comuponies was w55.5- per cul'ling now to give headaches to Wash- cent. Standil:d Statistics st;tes: Fourth They have hit p on ihe phrase ".wolhing inton economists is that profits are in- quarter eariniigswill be substantially euilibrium.' The phrase is a giood one rteasing very rapidly and showed in the above those reported for the July- because it is acnrate. If iies, pots last quarter of 1936 that they were larger September lperiaold. For the full year and wages n. ve in the right difiretin to than in the last quarter of 1929. At the net income o.f American industry as a each oth the.re is pirospority. W nhen same time prices are going up at an ab- whole should be between 40 and 50 per they get outi of line in rspeet to elh normal rate. Index of prices shows that ent nore thntha tat reported 1i2 nonths other. there is a falling off i hf)uiiness ince Ocloher of 1936 prices have gone earlier. This is why there are so many heiliache s up six points. from 80 to 86. For in, "The figm'Urs on which these estimates ii Washington. ust now the equililaiui stace, tlthe Aluminun Company of Amner- ire based cover those comnpauies for is not as perlfe( astw it s n 194. ica shoved a net inrease of 118 per cent which quarterly ryeolds are available. Some of the facts these sieiitists have in 1936B over 1935. The Pullman Cnm- discovered abou . the ictio n and reaction pany showed a net increase of 2,419 per Federal Re..rve Bank of New York, in business are lhe following: The .nloi.r cent. The United States Steel Corporation Standard Statisties 288 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

While these are the larger corpora- "Workers' weekly income has in- tions and earnings of other orpo- creased more than hourly earnings rations and other businesses have because bours have been length- not in general increased so much ened. By working two hours' as these, nevertheless, corporations longer and by receiving half a cent for which these figures are repre- more per hour, workers have sentative employ a large propor- added $1.18 to their weekly pay, tion of American wage earners. raising the average wage level Also, the figures for these com- from $21.35 to $22.63. This is a panies indicate a gain in business 5.5 per cent increase, somewhat profits which has been general more than the increase in cost of throughout industry, although not living, so that the average weekly always so large in proportion. wage of 1936 will buy 3.1 per cent Without question, American indus- more than that of last year. try has been in a position to grant "Workers' total income has in- substantial wage increases to creased more than either weekly workers this year. That they have wages or hourly earnings because not done so is a matter of serious there have been more at work this concern to all citizens, because it year than last. In September, 1936, means an eventual shortage of buy- C employment exceeded last year by ing power, Because industry is now 2,250,000. Total labor income has rapidly expanding the shortage is risen 11.8 per cent from $23,751,- not noticed. It will be felt when M 000,000 in the first eight months of a new Ipeak is reached and buying 1935 to $26,547,000,000 in the same power fails to sustain further months of 1936. (These figures production. omit farm labor.) Accounting for "Instead of wage increases, in- the rise in living costs, this repre- dustry has granted increases to sents a 9.3 per cent gain in work- stockholders. Dividend payments of 492 dividends; in September, 1936, 125, A ers' buying power, increasing our home companies have increased 23 per cent number of companies have increased divi- market for industry's product by $3.300,- 000,000 for the year. These figures show this year over last year, rising from dends to reduce surplus and thus avoid an average yearly rate of $1.13 per that re-employment is vital to the nation: the tax on corporation surplus. Since buying power could have been increased share in 1935 to $1.40 in 1936. The rate . surplus can also be reduced by increas- vastly more, however, if wages had been in 1933 was $.78 In September, 1935, ing wages, there was no need to favor raised commensurately with industry's Standard Statistics reports 56 extra those who invest money above those who capacity to pay, and if hours had not · Figuns from Moody. invest labor. been lengthened."

INCREASE IN NET EARNINGS IN 1936 OVER 1935 FOR EARNINGS FOR FIRST QUARTER OF 1937 AND 1936 CERTAIN CORPORATIONS ENDING MARCH 31. FOR CERTAIN OTHER CORPORATIONS NeO Inome r% Net Quartrel Net Income % 1937 1936 increase I~195Co&ubiae 1ne A .mAericaTelephone & Telegraph Co. &subsid iarie . $43.435.751 $34.442.67 26 Aluminum Co. of America $20,866.936 $9,571,206 118 Du Pont de Nemours & Co. (E. I.) 16,013.346 14,713,782 9 General Eletrie Co. 11,626,408 7.086,830 64 American Radiator &Standard Inland Steel Corp. 5,008,774 1,934.632 159 Sanitary Co. 7,344,512 2,798,860 162 Otis Elevator Co. 1,306,993 422,491 209 Procter & Gamble Co. 8,198,490 4,010,510 104 Anheuser-Buch, Inc. 8,041.653 891,918 241 Shell Union Oil Co. 3,674,479 1.681.984 118 Standard Oil Co. of California 7,889.489 2,952.058 167 Electric Power & Light Corp. 7,748,013 039,626 725 liUnderwood Elliott Fisher Co. 1,405,432 828,661 70 7,502,393 $3 -. 26,533,667 17,205,332 54 11foUnion Carbideebd&Cic & Carbon Corp.'P 9.947,712 General Electric (first 9 mo,.) 203.60717,205332 5 flUnion Oil Co. of California 2,200,000 400,000 450 General Motors Corp. 238,482,425 167.226,510 4 'UnIted Fruit 3,296,000 2,650,000 28 .. U. S. Gypsum Co. 1,411,022 436,617 232 General Refraotories 1,576,255 444,605 265 U. S. Steel Corp. 28,561,538 8,376,304 746 Westnghouso Air lirake Co. 2,639,3854 513.613 414 Ingersoll-Rand ...... 6,402,806 3,56060. 80 westinghouse Ele. &Mfg. Co. 5,341,512 3,732.454 43 5,15,66-2,4O,8 22 Youn2gtown Sheet & Tube Co. 4,8886,019 1,897299 158 International Paper Co. 5,159,696 - 40,R88* gg2 ·Estimrlated. Kennecott Copper Cor ...... 25,490,765 13,164,571 ,1064,571094 CASH DIVIDEND PAYMENTS Packrd Motor Car Co...... 7,053220 3,315,622 113 Total Annual Payments at Current Rates by 600 Companies Pullmcn, The...... -- 6,347,107 -273,728 2,419 Monthly Averagc 1929 . $2,536,900.000 per month Shell Union Oil Co. (first 9 moas.) 16,512,063 4,411.649 274 1932 ...... 1,326,900,000 1933 1,008.100,000 Stone &Webster, Inc., and sub- 1935 1,216.5,00,000 sidiaries 1,772,937 02,628 1,814 1936 .. ... 1,215,500,000 1937: United Gas Corp. . 10,992,406 4,940,948 122 January 1,884,000,000 U. S. Steel Corp. February 1,886,900,000 -- 50,583,356 1,146,708 4,311 March 1,885,700,000 Western Electric, Inc. ... 18,698.049 2,620,270 614 Source: Moody'sa Invetors Service, as reported in the Srvey of Wetinghouse Air Brake Co. 1.548,782 302,743 1,733 Current Bua,iese, 1936 Annual Supplement, p. 62, monthly isua for March, 1937 . 8p,. and weekly supplement for April 15. 1937. p. 3. July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 289 Two Little Words-What Do They Mean?

MERICA is discussing the meaning reached, the labor organization insists of two little words-ollective bar- Employers are honestly search- on its right to refuse arbitration, gaining. When the Wagner Labor "The trade agreement, identical with Act became constitutional by Supreme ing for meaning of "collective bar- 'recognition' but not necessarily including Court edict, employers everywhere went gaining." Labor has known for 50 the 'closed shop' or the stipulation of into a huddle to determine what they years. exclusive employment of union members, would do and what their rights were. is a written constitution of a new type They manifested most interest in the of government, an industrial government, tern "collective bargaining." established by bargaining as an organized Labor has understood what this term as one party the union and as the other group. I' " means for at least half a century in the CARROLL R. DAUGHIERTY in "Labor development of this country. Collective party the employers acting as a group. In general, there was little unity of Problems in American Industry": bargaining is not a vague term. It car- "Collective bargaining is the process ries with it not only emotional coloring opinion among employers in 1850 in their attitude toward trade unions. Some whereby representatives of a union meet behind which lies union organization but with an employer or representative of an definite stages of procedure with definite recognized that with apprenticeship rules, etc., in force, membership in the union employers' association to fix the terms of obligations and responsibilities. employment for a certain period of time. For our employer friends the Electrical was a badge of good workmanship, and But it includes more than the creation of such employers encouraged the workmen Workers' Jou'nal is publishing herewith an agreement. There is more to it than xcerpts from authorities describing col- in their efforts to organize. A few even forced their employees to join the union the negotiations lasting a week or so. It lective bargaining. involves also the enforcemenit and inter- JOHN R. COMMONS in "History of of their trade. By the end of the year the evidences of collective action on the part pretation of the agreement throughout Labor in the United States": the months of its duration. There are '"The firstl attempt at collective bar- of the employers became apparent in a few cases. In several instances, when a thus legislative, executive, and judicial gaining, that is, a meeting of represen- phases in collective bargaining. tatives of employers and employees to bill of prices was submitted by the union to the individual employers, the lattermet "The creation of the terms of employ- consider and negotiate conditions of em- ment follows usually a certain procedure. ployment, was made by the Philadelphia together, and, after considering the mat- ter thoroughly, either accepted or rejected At a convention or caucus each side for- Journeymen Cordwainers. They were mulates its demands and selects a grop locked out in 1799 for refusing to consent as a body the terms submitted by the union. * * *" or committee of bargainers. The groups to a decrease in wages. It was during meet at an appointed time and place, and winter 'the dullest season.' In a short SELIG PERLMAN and PHILIP TAFT the negotiations open with the formal time the journeymen sued for peace. 'A in "History of Labor in the United presentation of each side's demands, ac- deputation from the society waited upon States": companied by arguments and reasons in the employers with an offer of compro- "The basic idea of the trade agreement support thereof. Informal discussion then mise, and they said they would consider is that of collective bargaining rather ensues under the chairmanship of the it, and appointed a time for a committee than arbitration, The agreement is made employers or union's president; rebuttals of theirs to meet' with the journeymen. by direct negotiation between the two are made and concessions asked. The em- They carried on negotiations, the masters orgalized groups, the employers being ployers, for example, may try to show apparently in the end agreeing to the willing to deal with the officers of the that the economic situation of the indus- compromise."room... . , union as representatives of their employ- try will not support the union demands. ees, and the sanction which each holds while the union representatives may marr "In a few instances we find the begin- over the heads of the other is the strike shal statistics to prove that the reverse is ning of collective action in 1850, having or lockout. If no agreement can be Continued on page 325)

Collective brgaining has many aspects It originates In wnlips o]naabrs iid and the employers' side It moves through the cnfer neemethod and It must eventuate in agreement if Its full intent is achieved. 290 The Journaiof Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937 l ... · I . I n TT - TT - jonnT I___ rfarmer Lights Aind Powers iis nome

OHN FARMER is sitting on his front nillion do.llars h.ave gone to private utiti- porch in his Pennsylvania farnm hern Progress made in bringing elec- ties and $1,250,000 to publicly owned one evening. He is reading his tricity to farms. REA stands ready utilities. evening paper. He discovers an item The farmers, under the leadership of to the effect that the farms of Holland to aid. Co-operatives chicef method. are 100 per cent electrified. He finds John Farmer, are told all initial expenses that Germany', farms are 90 per cent for launching the project will be taken electrified and that Sweden's farms are out of their loan. The Rural Electrifica- 50 per cent electrified. To his amazement, At this meeting, survey blanks are dis- tion Administration will pay a lawyer he learns frl his. evening paper that tributed and i frilrnnars appoint a conm- for the group and pay for an engineer, ite greatest, most progressive and anitLe. ThI ..tll ...riit is copllsudv if and make recommendations for competent wealthiest country, the United States of one farmer from each township. This people to carry on the work. These farm- America, is only 10 per cent ers are told they can get money electrified as to rural areas. lie from the REA at the low inter- glances over his own establish- est rate of 3 per cent and they ment. It is comfortable, but he can pay back the sum to the does not like oil lamps. He sur- REA over a 20-year period. veys his operating plant-his The REA will even help the barns, his dairy, his granaries farmers select a competent -and tries to visualize what manager to manage the co- would happen if he had cheap operative. Good technieal in- power and plenty of equipment formation and advice are also to do his routine work. given farm eo-operatives. They He sits down and writes to are told how to get the power the Rural Electrification Ad- into their homes and barns on ministration in Washington and the farms. They are told what says, "What can I do to get good electrical materials are. power on my farm in Pennsyl- The Rural Electrifieation vania?" He soon has an an- Administration recon- swer, and the following week mends to the farmers that there appears at his farm home only good mechanics be a development man sent out by employed. the Rural Electrification Ad- ministration, owned and oper- It is in this wise that Uncle ated by Uncle Sam. John Sam is throwing his protective Farmer and the development co,1ro ita arm around John Farmer and man talk. And the farmer's A view ot the Rosdalae Model Electric Farm. set up In YVtrinJ.4 seeking to fulfill the nural by the Rural Electrifcatlon Administration. This was eyes open wide in amazement cent union Job Electrification Act. The farmer when he learns how easy it is is loaned money to wire his to get rural electrification. They decide committee makes surveys aid determines house and barns; he is told what good to call a meeting in the neighborhood. how many will purchase power if power equipment is; and what return he may The development man tells him that the is brought in at reasonable rates. Tbese expect front each individual motor and REA will only do business with a group studies are sent to the Rural Electrifica- other gadgets. He is advised that the capable of building 50 miles of trans- tion Administration. They are studied Rural Eletrifiration Administration will mission lines and having 150 customers Then tile farmers' group is told what not rn into violation of any code prac- in prospect. it can do. They organize a co-operative tice. As John Farmer moves along in the They are told that REA is charged by SURVEYS ARE UNDERTAKEN building of his co-operative, he learns, law to encourage the organization of At the meeting the development man too, that Uncle Sam wants him to get co-operative groups for the building of power at a reasonable return. The farm talks plainly about the possibilities of transmission liies and the purchase of bringing power to the farm community, power. They are told that of the $59,- co-operative becomes a large purchaser and what has to be done, and what great 000,000 allotted for this purpose under of power at wholesale rates. The REA advantages to farm life electricity brings. the law for the REA, $55,750.000 has been considers a good wholesale rate is 10 used for co-operative development. Two mills per kilowatt hour. RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES AMERICAN FARMS ARE BEHIND THE TIMES FAA;S NOT1C1 UZ==== =~l*7 Ak =Q=- = u-i --- AI666666(6 666 II ..m "1.llt 1 S OS I t V I5: V' Or IsZ I v, I,, I UQQQMIL~rIh n.-, I I I gIg gl g 4-I-i" t II II tf If11 4 JlAo pa , - pa p ph -' I .. kW p-0.10AAP. Aa . *S. . I e ls .lf 4 n~ r .41 .I.A July, 19 3 7 The Journal of Eleetrical Workers and Operators 291

I central place. One or more for the map described below. personIs I,mimllr in tIe .in Proceed as follows: II literature bould state the pur- (1) To keep the work connected with pose of the meeting and give the survey from being too burdensome needed information about REA. upon any one person or group, a stb- Peiinent questions should be committee large enough to visit all pros- encouaged and answered so pective customers should be appointed for far as possible. each township, school district, etc., pref- 3. When the purpose of the erably by the representative of that area meeting is ge lly under- on the temporary committee. stood, a vote should be taken (2) The members of each such sub- to determine who is willing to committee should be supplied with as take part in the development many project survey blanks, in the form of an REA project. suggested by REA, as there are pros- 4. If the vote is favorable, a pective customers in the area to be cov- temporary committee should be ered by it. Have a supply of the blanks appointed. Besides its chair- mimeographed. If this is not practicable, man anid secretary, this com- REA will furnish the blanks if your ap- nittee should include one rep proximate needs are stated. When avail- resentative from each town able, members of the sub-committee ship, school district or other should also be furnished with maps of major county subdivision. the areas to be covered by them on which Through its secretary the tem- to jot down data for the large consoli- porary committee should keep dated map. in close contact with REA (3) Every possible customer should be headquarters in Washington. seen in person by a member of a sub- 5. While it is not only en- committee, and asked to fill out as com- tirely proper, but advisable, pletely as possible and sign a project that the question of the perima- survey blank as an indication of his in- nent fm-r of the organization tention to join in the project and take which is to apply for a loan electricity when available. JOHN CARMODY (4) REA survey blanks ask pro- spectire custolners lhe d namic administrator of the rural to promise to electi-fcation program grant rihts-of-way and easements over their p)ro(perty without cost. CHEAP WHOL.ESALE RATES It is neessary to hare shch prom- SOUGHT ises. because withoutil them a loan contract cannot he negotiated. As John Farmer proceeds in his exciting adventure of getting light (5) It will be useful if survey and power for his farm home and blanks are made and turned in for plant. he learns that the Rural Elec- every person calied upon. whthter trification Act will permit Uncle they sign or not. The undersigned Sam to erect generating plants as blanks should cntaiin as much in- a yardstick for the adjustment of formation as canl be secured. It is wholesale power rates to the farm- espeeialy desireld that they should crs. Two such plants are under state the reasons for the refusal to sign, whether financial or other and construction with Uncle Sam's money in Iowa. He is also handed anything else oim which to base a judgment as to the chances of the a list of important suggestions by the REA representative. These non-signed hccoming an ultimate suggestions carry interest to eee- customel. Keep unsigned blanks trical workers, in particular. be- separate from signed blanks. cause their jobs are affected by the (6) All sub-committees should Rural Electrification business. turn in their signed and unsigned project survey blanks to the sc.re- IMPORTANT SUGGESTIONS TO ORGANIZERS OF REA (Continued on page 324) PROJECTS Th p~e of a po, ¶hie 'noto which is plugged ii at eonve..- These suggestions are of value to or- ult 9omiits aholit the farzyi for ail kinds of uscs ganizers of all types of projects (includ- ing those sponsored by municipal plants and private utility companies), but are he dirsissed at this neeting, intended primarily for organizers of actual incorporlation should projects to be owned by co-operatives or not he undertaken until after non profit corporations. adviee from REA. 1. Get and read carefully REA litera- 6. The first important duty ture explaining its purpose, plans and for the themporary committee procedure. Then tell the farmers and is to arrange and superise a other rural residents of the county, or survey of the project area. project area, who are not now receiving The purpose of this survey is central station service, what REA can two-fold: (a) To determine do for them. Make use of all available how many of the unIerved means of publicity--newspapers, radio, farmers and other rural or telephone, mail, personal contact, etc.- town and village residents in to acquaint residents of your area with the project area will take the opportunity to get electric service. electricity if it is made avail- 2. After due notice, hold a mass meet- able and their probable con- The farnr's own machine shop where he dioes repair Work and feed power to various other maehinles that ing of all interested persons in some sumption; (b) To secure data are wheeled up to this center, 292 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937 Labor Conciliation Service Takes Spotlight HE Conciliation Service of the have gradually increased from year to United States Department of Labor With Mr. Kerwin's active co- year. Since the operation, creation of the service is aptly named. Its function is just this article was written it has handled 15,715 specific cases, in- that-to conciliate, to mediate, to bring shortly before his death. It is volving 17,498,095 wage earners, and in together in a friendly spirit the two op- possibly his last published state- the great bulk of these cases, settlements posingm sides in a labor dispute, and to as- ment of his creed of labor relations, have been reached. Always on the jump, sist them in reaching a satisfatory which has motivated, and it is its staff of about 50 representatives, called agreement. Quietly, without gloriication, hoped, will continue to inspire the "commissioners of conciliation," keep it has operated for 24 years under the U. S. Conciliation Service. tabs on every major labor dispute or leadership of its soft-spoken director, incipient dispute, the country over, keep- Hugh L. Kerwin, io in'event strikes and to increased from year to year. Not till ing in constant touch with the Wash- help settle those it e.i.ld not prevent, 1917 was it thought necessary to have ington offle through long distance tele- relying on reasonable pi'suasion instead the head of the conciliation service given phone or telegraph. of force. a formal title, and at that time he was The men and women at present hand- On the morning of Inauguration Day, named Assistant to the Secretary of ling this difficult job are Newcomb Barco, March 4, 1913, at 10 o'cIlok, Wil- P. W. Chappell, H. T. Colvin, James liam Howard Taft signed the bill F. Dewey, A. L. Faulkner, Thomas creating the Department of Labor. M. Finn, E. H. Fitzgerald, Rose It was his last official act before Forrester, Robert C. Fox, H. D. he mounted the open carriage to Friel, William Houston, Aaron oHer- ride down Pennsylvania Avenue vitz, J. C. Howard, Thomas P. Hy- with his successful rival Woodrow land, William C. Liller, E. C. Me- Wilson, to relinquish the Presidency Donald, E. P. Marsh, W. G. Mathew- to the Democratic leader. The foe- son, Robert E. Mythen, J. A. Mof- lowing day President Wilson up- fitt, Joseph E. Myers, J. E. O'Con- pointed Congressman William B. nor, R. M. Pilkington, C. J. Post, Wilson of Pennsylvania, a man who Thomas M. Reichart, C. L. Richard- had been secretary-treasurer of the son, W, H. Rodgers, H. E. Sehee, United Mine Workers, as the first M. E. Sherman, L. J. Smith, J. R. Secretary of Labor. Steelman, Anna Weinstock, Wil- With him went Hugh L. Kerwin, liam F. White, Thomas J. Williams, his secretary. They had much the 3M. D. Williams, W. R. Taliaferro, same background. Both fron Tioga Jr., Henry Baker, Jr., J. L. Bernard, County, Pennsylvania, they had J. L. Conner, J. C. Cooper, C. E. L. witnessed scenes of violence and Gill, L. S. Harding and George oppression in the strife between la- Katenow. bor and employers. Rerwin con- During the six months from July tinued as secretary to the first Sec- 1, 1936, to January 1, 1937, they retary of Labor. Together they be- handled 62 aspecific cases, involving gan to work out a policy for govern- several hundred thousands of work- ment intervention in labor disputes. erin While some of these eases Four existing bureaus went into might require only a few days of the Department of Labor-labor conferences, others were long statistics, the children's bureau, im- drawn out, dtfficult and nerve migration and naturalization. Con- HUCGH L. gnRWaN wracking job, for the mediators. ciliation work was intended to be For ears he has brouht to bear upon the vexing con tro- The word "specific" is used ad- a part of the new set-up. The orig- Va iroblemel o induas. a just and beng perona ty visedly. A specific dispute might inal Act of Congress states: embratce a dozen or more plants "That the Secretary of Labor shall have Labor. Mr. Kerwins title now is direc- or factories, all affected by the same power to seact as mediator and to appoint tor of the Conciliation Service. grievances. commissioners of conciliation in labor dis- 'One convinced against his will There is no eight-hour day for the com- putes whenever in his judgment the in- Is of the same opinion still," missioner of conciliation. He may come terests of industrial peace may require it Whether he had the belief from the be- into the city on a night train, go to a to be done; and all duties performed and ginning, or whether it has gradually hotel for a few hours rest, then in the all power and authority now possessed grown through his experience, Hugh morning begin a day's work that ends at or exercised by the head of any executive Kerwin is strongly convinced that to set- midnight or later. Sometimes a confer- department in and over any bureau, of- tle a dispute both parties must he brought ence, when the employer and worker rep- fice, offier, board, branch, or division of into agreement. If one is dissatisfied the resentatives have been brought together, the public service by this act transferred dispute is not settled. He believes that may last 16 hour, at a stretch, both sides to the Department of Labor, or any busi- the interests of employer and employees disputing every point, yet gradually ness arising therefrom or pertaining are not entirely opposed to each other, working arund toward agreement. There thereto * * shall hereafter be vested in and that they can be reconciled to work is no overtime pay for the government and exercised by the head of the said together for mutual advantage. Thus the representative and for his expenses while Department of Labor." record of the Conciliation Service is a travelling he receives the reglar govern- Operating without funds, Secretary long history of patiently designed com- ment p,,er diem of $5 per day while ac- Wilson and Kerwin began the conciliation promises into which labor and employers tually away from his home offilc. As work by enlisting the services of men in could enter with enough satisfaction to soon as his work on one case is finished other branches of the Department. Dur- resume cordial relations. The conmmis- he's called or sent somewhere else. Some- ing the balance of the fiscal year to sioner of conciliation has no legal means times he is handling more than one situ- July 1, 1912, they handled 15 cases. Then to force the disputants to come to terms ation at once, in different cities, staying Congress was persuaded to appropriate with each other; he cannot even force with the one which seems to need him the $5,000 to carry on the service. For the them to meet with each other, or with nnost and keeping in touch with the oth- following fiscal year $20,000 was appro- him. His technique is pure persuasion. ers, ready to go when the emergency prianted, and the amount was gradually The activity and influence of the service rises. The conciliator striving to bring amity in one recent strike was in con- hot. Officials of a "struck distillery had the distillery strike to follow. At 4 p. m. tinuous conference for three days with decided to open the plant with the as- the same day business was resumed in the one side or the other; then the settlement sistance of the chief of police. Union city, as the general strike ceased. was reached after a meeting lasting for pickets were gassed and violently at- Twenty-four hours later union reproe- 17 solid hours, ending up at 3 a. m. tacked; a tent used by them for shelter sentatives and the management of the in the 20 below zero weather had been distillery agreed on a program to end the THEY LIVE IN THEIR JOBS burned. All organized labor of this city original strike. The company yielded on Like most men whose work makes of 17,000 fulo10ly demanded the ouster almost iall of the workers' demands, in- heavy demands, they live in their jobs. A of the police Alef, reinforced their de- eluding seniority rights, pay increase, and great number of them, Mr. Kerwin says, mand by tying the city up tight in a the reoirun of all former employees. An have been with the service from 10 to general strike. Shops, restaurants and agreement was signed that provided arbi. 20 years. Originally drawn from vari- even banks obeyed the unions' order to tration in lieu of strikes or lockouts, and ous fields--some were state labor com- close up. Not so much " a cup of coffee the plant was re-opened in a fine spirit of missioners, some personnel men, profes- nor a sandwich could b. bought. Deliv- co-operation by both sides. sional, industrial executives, or up from eries of coal were restricted to one ton O'Connor did not write the agreement the ranks of union labor-all eventually per family, and these only wben emer- nor did he subscribe his name to it; his reach a sympathy and understanding of genry could be proved. Ooreorm Hor- function was to provide a bridge for the the plight of the underdog. But that ner, holding four companies of troops in opposing sides to come together. doesn't mean discrimination in labor's readiness, was ready to declare martial This is just one of the cases thought favor. Many times they have advised law. important enough for mention in last unions to modify their demands rather year's annual report of the Secretary of than bankrupt or cripple their employer IN STEPS THE CONCILIATOR Labor. Many times- and this means in a strong competitive field. Some of whenever they possibly can-the commis- these men have had distinguished back- Into this dynamite keg stepped John E. O'Connor, federal commissioner of con- sioners are able to create harmony before grounds - have been Congressmen, the strike actually develops. Here is work judges, with wide experience in the field ciliation. He knew the situation well. He had spent a week previously conferring less dramatic but highly important to of public relations. Among these were local unions and their employers. the late P. F. Gill of Missouri, John J. with officials of the distillery company trying to get them to meet representa- For example, butchers and meat cutters Casey of Pennsylvania, Rowland Mahany of Wheeling, W. Va., had been working of New York, and the late George W. tives of the strikers, following this un- successful effort by going to New York under the same contract for 11 years. Musser of Colorado. Their appointment is They wished it revised. After discussion directly through the Secretary of Labor City, meeting the plant's board of direc- tops, which declined to modify the posi- of the matter for a period of seven weeks, and they are hand-picked. They work out the matter was gradually coming to the of Washington and from regional offices tion taken by the local management. When O'Connor returned to Elgin the breaking point. The union had requested in Portland, Seattle, Cleveland, Chicago, the dealers to meet in conference to dis- Columbus and St. Louis. three-day general strike was in full swing, the governor holding off the troops cuss working hours, a minimum wage, The Secretary of Labor also keeps on and the right to arbitrate certain ques- file a list of outstanding men in various only because he had been assured by the state director of labor and the adjutant tions. The proposed new wage and work- localities who have the necessary back- ing agreement had been mailed to each ground and character to act as impartial general that the strikers were conducting themselves in an orderly and lawful man- of the dealers, but these overtures had arbitors in labor disputes. Then when been received in stony silence until the there is need for a member of an arbitra- ner. Possibly the company was now ready to confer. But the conference did not day before expiration of the old contract, tion board, both sides having requested take place until O'Connor was on hand to when each dealer returned his new con- the Secretary of Labor to name the odd arrange it. Then the company's attorney tract unsigned and without explanation. man, or even to name the entire board, met a general representative they may of the un- CONCILIATOR SPEAKS TO BOSS be chosen from this list. ions, and it was agreed that the labor "Our policies must be elastic, and our man would try to have the general stlrike Dealers men must be mentally alert still refused to meet union and elastic called off with negotiations for settling representatives, though each in turn was as well," Mr. Kerwin declares. "Strikes are not alike. They are always different, sometimes vastly different. There are so many factors--the management, the scope of the strike, the personnel of the strike committee, the demands, the com- petition of adjacent concerns establishing the price of a product-the commissioner has to accommodate himself to the situ- ation. Sometimes it is difficult even to get the demands definitely stated as a basis for negotiation. Sometimes, again, merely getting the demands in definite form brings the dispute half way to so- lution, as the men and the employer find they are not so far apart as they thought. "At first employers looked with suspi- cion on anyone from the Department of Labor, possibly because of the name, "Labor." We must have the confid.ene of both sides if we are to bring them ieto agreement. Sometimes we are called in by the employers, sometimes by the union, or by state authorities, or ocal government, and sometimes we go with- out being called. But we are ready and willing to act with any or all parties in order to bring peace and cordil relationships." iIrrls &Ewig. It was bitter cold in Pekin, Ill., in Feb- This ricture dats the formal estbllshment of the Conciiation Srvice. The bill .enactt. ruary, 1926, but the strike situationt was tne serviee was signed by President Taft as the last act of his administration. 294 The Journal i Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

the case is terminated. In that way bar- tiers that kept employer and employee apart have been removed, and the way paved for freer relations and a better and proper grasp of the respective rights and corresponding obligations of all par- ties concerned. "The work of the government repre- sentative in a trade dispute is directed toward finding a common ground for agreement which the disputants, in their eagermess for advantage or in the heat of their controversy, had overlooked. From growing experience and knowledge the cemmissioner is able to appeal with paci- fying effect to the wise self interest of both parties. ']ie aims to bring into a case first of alI[ an arrangement whereby employers and employees will jointly endeavor to settle their own problems in their own way, and if this be impossible, to arrange conferences at which the commissioner will act as an advisor and mediator in Condlilators of the Department of Labor hope to avoid such senes as th*--but when an effort strikes come. they manfully attempt to bring aboutsettlements fair to nolB sides to bring about a settlement. Failing in this he works out a plan of voluntary arbitration and endeavors to visited by the president of the local union. ployers from engaging in unfair practices have the parties at interest agree to ac- He thereupon called the Department of which destroy the opportunity to bargain cept this method of adjustment." Labor for a conciliator. What the com- collectively. Since the Supreme Court There is not much difference in mean- missioner said to the meat dealers we do has upheld the constitutionality of the ing between the words conciliation law creating and not know but it is on record that he sr- the National Labor Rela- mediation; the service uses tions them inter- ranged a joint conference, lasting only Board it is clothed with legal au- changeably. But arbitration is something thority three hours, which resulted in an agree- which must be respected. else; it is for both parties to the dispute ment satisfactory to both sides. The Conciliation Service has no such to submit the matter involved to a third authority. The federal conciliators' biggest job so In an interview with your party Journal (person or board, agreeable to far in 1937 was the General Motors strike, representative, Mr. Kerwin stated both) binding themselves to its position thus: abide by his lasting 44 days. Commissioners James decision. Because this decision never can F. Dewey. John O'Connor and E. C. Mc- AMBASSADORS OF GOOD WILL be entirely satisfactory to both sides the Donald were on the Michigan battle front. Conciliation Service does not like to en- Governor Murphy conferred with them "The Department of Labor has no gage in it. Once a conciliator has handed constantly, respected their judgment, power, and exercises none, to make deck down an arbitration decision, they say, Great hostility on both sides had to be sions or awards in disputes submitted for he's generally through in that locally, overcome before the issues could even be adjudication. It cannot hand down an because try as he may, he is likely to set forth for discussion. As the whole award and then demand that the parties lose the good will of one side or both- country knows through press reports, at interest abide by its decision. The that's how human nature works. President Alfred P. Sloan of General work of the conciliators therefore is dip- The best settlement of industrial dis- Motors refused repeatedly to attend lomatic; it is not judicial. It is not to putes, Mr. Kerwin says, is for the com- conferences even when requested by De- hear both sides to a dispute and then pany and the union to come to an agree- partment of Labor Secretary Frances make a determination, or to pass judg- meat voluntarily and without mediation; Perkins. It was this circumstance that ment or make decisions. next in order is mediation with the caused Miss Perkins to ask Congress to "In other words, if conciliators were friendly aid of a conciliator: third is arbi- give the Department of Labor the power clothed with the authority to hear and tration; "and any of these is preferable of subpoena, a demand which she has not decide issues in a trade dispute they to the continuance of a controversy." pressed since that time. Assistant Sec- would cease to be mediators. When the Strikes and lockouts are adjusted or retary Edward F. MeGrady's efforts were Department of Labor was created both prevented through the following methods, also used in the General Motors situation, labor and management representatives using whatever means seem best to fit and it is due both to federal conciliators approved the policy of voluntary con- the situation: as well as to Governor Murphy's constant ciliation. 1. Through conciliation and mediation, work for peace, that the strike was finally "The conciliators, therefore, are really by aiding the disputants to settle their brought to a settlement. There were eight industrial peacemakers endeavoring to differences through negotiation. days of mediation conferences. get contending parties together so that 2. By the commissioner, drawing on his Although members of the national or they may more readily solve their own knowledge of trade agreements in the state labor relations boards frequently problems in their ownm way. same industry, developing a plan and us- are called upon to act in labor disputes, "They suggest methods and alterna- ing it as a basis for discussion at a meet- their functions and authority and those of tires that have proved successful in other ing between employers and employees. the federal conciliators do not conflict or instances and that will tend to bring 3. Through the commissioner, upon re- overlap. The National Labor Relations about the resumption of peaceful rela- quest of both parties, drafting a plan of Board has legal authority; it can bring a tionship between the employer and his settlement and submitting it as a recalcitrant employer into court where workers. The Department does not en- recommendation. the board's attorneys may state the case deavor to impose its viewpoint upon the 4. By devising methods of arbitration against him and he may be judged in con- employer or the worker, but seeks to find through disinterested parties or through tempt of court after the court has upheld some basis of just settlement that will be parties selected by the disputants and a the board's rulings. The NRLB's func- aecept4ble even though sometimes it referee selected from outside the indus- tions are: To determine who shall repre- might not be entirely satisfactory. In a try, or named by a federal or state sent the employees for the purpose of majprity of the eases handled by our con- official. collective bargaining, for which purpose ciliators it is found that by pursuing this 5. Commissioners are frequently re- the board has the authority to conduct line of policy a better feeling between quired to make independent lnvestiga. employee elections; and to prevent em- the employer and employees exists when (Continued on page M2) July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 295 Building Trades Enter International Field

erneva. GOVERNMENT DELEGATES ONE million building tradesmen of the United States will be interested International Lablour Conference Mr. Edward F. Mcrady, Assistant to know tihat their industry is no faces problem of public works. Secretary of Labor. Miss Grace Abbott, professor of pub- longer purely a domestie industry. Tra- Planned economy involved. Geneva ditionally,h buildingl tladesmen have re- lic welfare; editor, Social Service Re- gard.ed the grrat. eonstruction. business sets up internalional committee. view, University of Chicago. as one ulntoched by internation..l com- plications. They have considered it ADVISERS hardly a ational industry, but one or- Mr. A. Ford Hinrichs, chief economist, ganized ori alocal or regional basis.. take steps to pIrvid e irmedjies for such Bureau of Labor Statistics. However, .lopres.ntIives of 51 nations, controlb A nationl 'o-orlinatinlg body Mr. Theodore J. Kreps, professor of ml cing in thbis old town of Geneva during is advocated, wliin will ceitralize infor- economics, Stanford University. the month of Jdee, have arrived at the mation ilad .l..orulge hle preparaGtion of Mr. Otto T. Mallery, Philadelphia, Pa. public works in alvallrce, of the need. eonChltlion ttil the construction indus- Mr. Verne A. Zimmer, director, Di- try, taken in the large, has common Questions of fieamieiig and .ues.lions of vision of Labor Standards, Department problems and common solutions for each taxation are tobi studied and confronted. of Labor. country of the earth. This world eco- The prevailing late of wages is set as a Miss Beatrice McConnenl, economist, nomic assembly, to which the United proper standard. U. S. Children's Bureau, Department of States has sent delegates, including five The rearersentatives of the United Labor. iabor representatives, has dealt with two States have played an important part in these deliberabiLs itt this Confer- Mr. Carter Goodrich, U. S. Labor Com- draft recominndations and one draft missioner, Geneva; member of the Gov- resolution of far-reaching importance. once; in fact, it is not too much to erning Body of the International Labour Under the stless of depressions recur- say that Americans have played a most Office. ring the worl over, the nations have important role on this committee. Otto J. Mallery, of Philadplphia, represented Mr. W. Ellison Chalmers, Assistant concluded that something permanent U. S. Labor Commissioner, Geneva. must be done about the business cycle the government, Arthur Paul and A. J. Mr. lewellyn E. Thompson, vice con- Wassernmn, of Philadelphia, repre- with its ebbhs and flows; and the draft sul, Geneva. recommendatins aid draft resolution in sented the employers and M. tI. Hedges question is an elfort to meet this vexing represented American workers. This EMPLOYERS' DELEGATE problem. The draft resolution provides year's International Labour Conference for the setting up of an international is indicative of the importance that this Mr. Henry I. Harriman, chairman of public works comnmittee made up of cx- international deliberative body is taking board, Boston Elevated Railway Com- ports from bahnking, economic and en- in international affairs. Many policy- pany. making officials have for the first time gineerig fihelds with representatives of AD)VISERS employers and labor but with full con- sat in this Conference, as indicated by trol in the hands of the governing body the following table: Mr. Robert R. West, presaidet and of the International Labour Conference. Eight ambassadors treasurer, Riverside and Dan River Cot- This committee is a policy committee Nine consuls ton Mills, Danville, Va. without power but one which, if organ- Six ministers of labor Mr. William Menke, chairman of board, ized correctly, may have marked infinu- Seven assistant ministers of labor Menke, Kaufman and Co., New York, ene upon the direction of public works Twenty-six ranking goverrnment N. Y. in every country involved. Draft ret- officials Mr. Charles M. Winchester, chairman omtnendation No. 1 provides for the full of board, J. B, Lyons Co., Albany, N. Y. study of al matters pertaining to, and Many of the most powerful labor leaders Mr. William Stix Wasserman, Phila- germane to, the subjet of public works. in the world are sitting in this Confer- deiphia, Pa. The language is broad. Every type of ene". Mr. Arthur Paul, Dexdale Ilosiery public work is to be treated, including The delegation of the United States of Mills, Lansdale, Pa. roads and bridges, railways, agricultural America includes the following: land recla.mation, canals, soil erosion, (Continued on page 32M) water supplies, docks and wharfs, ship building, airports, all sorts of building nld construction works, electric stations, gas worhs, telegraph and telephone. Armaments are not expressly stated. Re- pairing is to be done on work being done on federal, state, municipal and regional authorities. A sharp distinction is made as between emergency relief work and planned public works. The idea is that theecomnttee hopes that under a system of public works properly planned there will never be a need for emergency relief work, at least the need will be greatly lessened. The second draft recommendation is of far-reaching interest. It p.rovides for national planning of public works and involves profound economic concepts. The question of proper timing of public works gave occasion for a long debate in the committee. The international com- mittee which is to be set up is supposed to study the trade cycle as if it were a controllable acset of circumstances and to 296 The Journal of Electrical IWo,kers nad Operators Jduly, 1937 The Soul of Italy Speaks Through Silone

T HE Italy of Garibaldi still lives. justice his sympathies are wholly with Towered over by a structure of mili- ows the the Italian peasants and workers. tary power, Garibaldi's Italy moves Not Benito but Ignazio kn He was educated in Catholic schools. along beneath, with the voluminous force life of the peasants and vvorkers. At the outbreak of the World War, he de- of a great river. This Italy which many "Bread and Wine" is an imlportant, lared himself a pacifist, and at the age Americans have thought was dead, dead vivid book. of 18, became the editor of a radical forever, is cauglt in the pages of an newspaper. After the Black Shirts entrancing book by an exiled Italian by marched on Rome, he was forced to carry the name of Ignazio Silone. The hook is on his activities under ground. He lost "Bread and Wine", published in a good several members of his family in an translation by Harper and Brothers. earthquake, and his only brother was The central figure in this book is an beaten to death by the Fascists. Silone idealistic Italian by the name of Spins himself was persecuted, and eventually who was forced into exile by Mussolini fled to Switzerland, where he now lives in and returns to his country disguised- exile. disguised as a priest. He mingles with "Fontamara," his first novel, brought the peasants and workers, trying to re- Silone instant recognition the world form the scattered forces of democracy. over. It has been translated into 20 "Liberty is not a thing you are given languages and was dramatized in Near as a present," Spins says, "You can be York under the title "Bitter Stream.' a free man under a dictatorship. It is "Bread and Wine" is a choice of the sufficient if you struggle against it. He Bookof-theMonth Club in America, as who thinks with his own head is a free wll as of two book clubs in Europe, one man. He who struggles for what he be- in Switzerland, the other in Holland. lieves right is a free man. Even if you The publishers think highly of this live in the freest country in the world, hook. It is the story of Pietro Spina, a and are lazy, callous, apathetic, irreso- young Italian passionately devoted to lute, you are not free, but a slave, though liberty, who returns to his country after there be no coercion and suppression. 15 years of exile to engage in revolution- Liberty is something you have to take ary activities amongthe pesants. Ignazio for yourself. It's no use begging it from has made it a richly patterned story that others." will be long remembered for its human This moving statement may be taken incident, its profoundly philosophical as the theme of the book. It moves like a quality, its salty humor, and the beauty golden thread through the narrative, but IGNAZlO SLLONE of its writing. the best of the book is the candid photo- The voice of Italy's suppressd nmilion, Spina is at once an idealist and a man graphic record of the life of the people of action, whose fixed purpose is to direct as seen by disguised democrat as he his life toward that which seems to him moves through his old-time haunts in to be right and good. Disguised as a the agricultural sections of the priest, he moves back and forth country. between the peasants of the Abru..i What pictures are here. Here and the city workers of Rome, plot- are the villages with their simple ting the overthrow of the dictator- inns, their bridges, the vineyards, ship. At the same time he is the towers, the trees that go to seeking, by a revaluation of his make up the landscape of Italy. religions and social beliefs, an There is something symbolic, ac- answer to questions which today cording to the author, in the are troubling the conscience of priestly garb of this simple man: every intelligent and sensitive hu- "These vestments are descended man being: What place is there for from the primitive mystery relig- a free man in a dictator-ridden ions, from the priests of Isis and Pi world? Is intellectual integrity Serapis, as, of course, you know. still possible? They were inherited by the first L The theme of the book is of epic monastic communities in the Catho- significance and as timely as to- lie Church, who tried to presenvethe morrow morning's headlines. The Christian mysteries from worldly story-packed with action, drama, contamination and to assure the humor, and characterization - is essential charismatic virtues to a already acclaimed abroad for its minority living apart from the flashing insight into the minds and world and opposed to the world. folkways of a people in crisis. With Thus do usages outlive the age in this second novel, Silonet takes his which they were born, and pass place among the foremost world from one religion to another. And, writers of our day. now, here are you, a man dedicated to the new revolutionary mysteries, to the mysteries of revolutionary We are made for o-operation, materialism, donning the dark vest- like feet, like hands, like eyelids. menrts that have been the symbols like the rows of the upper and lower of sacrifice and supernatural in- teeth. To act against one another spiretion for thousands of years." then is contrary to Nature, and it is Ignazio Silone is an Italian of acting against one another to be aristocratic birth, but because of his BElITO MUSOLNI vexed and turn away.-Marcus passionate devotion to liberty and The voice o a military clique. Aurelius. July, 1937 The Jowralo o AI[ietrieal Wokers 'nd Operators 297 World's Fairs Based Upon Electric Exhibits

By AUSTIN C. LESCARBOURA, Mern. A. 1. E. E., Men. I. FE., Former Managing Editor, Scientific American.

EVERY so often a world's fair is re- electrical workers, George Westinghouse quired to bring about a compre- Wonders of electrical progress to and Thomas A. Edison, displayed their hensive inventory of progress. We generators driven by Corliss steam en- are nloving ahead so rapidly and in so grace all important expositions of gines. The huge flywheels and flapping many different directions that only the this year, and next. belts, closely packed field coils andl spark most elaborate exposition, such as the ing brushes. intrigued the exposition visi- Century of Progress recently held in Chi- tors with the magic and might of this new cago and the forthcoming New York foare which brought electric illumination World's Fair of 1939, not to mention the two bindingpi t and is an integral part into the wealthier homes and business comparable exposition in other lands, can of the bull, itself, In other words, bulb places. But such generating equinpment possibly disclose the marvels of our and m.ounting ale one, for the lamp base now seems like so many toys in contrast civilization. Looking ahead to our next and socket al'angement had not yet ar- with our 100,000 kva turbo-generator exposition, theref,,e, is lo..king ahead to rived for Westinghouse. The carbon fila- units of today. merilt provides about i16 candlepower of ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION y ll" illumination, GLORIFIED yet consues as much wattage as Our forthcoming exposition is ei'ta;in o, 100ocandlepower to glorify the ..n.omous increase in cle- bulb ot today with tric power consumption these past ftw its pleas.ing white years. Despite the recent depression, the light. Looking at total KWH. consumption has steadily this relic of early risen until it ,,now stands at an all-time days, one cannot peak. And the demand is still upwalds. help hobut be duly im- Every home is using lore and llore pressed with the electricity, not .,nily for better illumina- tion, but also for various types of 14,tUpi udoU: progress made during little applianes.. Tl, entertainmen t factor over fou, dicndes,

MORE PENETIRATING TITAN A 3-INCH SHE*LL. powerful X ray tube employed for the study of metlieHe ntiltires as well as ror the treatmeat o human aiments. Th. X-rays can penetrate through thick 1armorpiat wit, g.ine t aI nul: !hen . projectile

new opportunities for tile eectrical and he fully rcs,.,- worker. sur( r'egarding the As these lines are written,. the writer vast onpportunities has befole him a replica of the Westing- that lie ahlead of the house electric lam, bulb used to illumi- elect rt,i a worker. nate the Machinery Nail of the Colum- That oldi-time bian Exposition hell in Chicago almost lamp bulb reflects half a century ago. The pear-shaped the nmodest generat- bulb is evidently the product of the skilled glassblower. The filament, with ing eqmuipment of the its single loop, obbles oni the slightest early days of the FOUR DfECADES OF ELECTiC I LLUMINATION4T pretext, for it has no support other than electric light and Bluib at efn is tne earbon lamp of Ih, type used by Westinghl.se to IuDminate the Coiumbitl Ex.siotion at Chicago in 1893. Lamp at the lead-ins. The bulb is cemented power industry. Very at right is a sodium-vapor bulb of tyo no1 being uled on highways to a flat wooden pedestal which carries proudly the pioneer and alo in some factories on experimental basis 298 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937 Hazards Cost Billions In One Trade

DOLPH GERSH, a former union constant environment of deadly poison, painter with an extensive back- Painter makes interesting study he is usually unaware of the grtadual ground of practical experience in changes which take place in his netyvus the trade, has just written a book on the of dangers in his hazardous trade, system and the structure of his blood. occupational diseases and industrial ac- and makes important recommen- So slowly does he become conscious of cidents to which workers in the trade are dations. his loss of strength and undermined daily exposed. For the past eight years, health that he rarely attributes it to an Mr. Gersh has been working in connection occupational disease. with the problm of industrial hazards Dr. Emery Ilayhurst. examining a and workmen's compensation in the state As a direct consequence of t his con- group of 267 supposedly healthy painters of New York. tinual pressure for speed, there I,as been who had been engaged in the industry for At present Mr. Gersh is the director of an increased tendency to take chances. at least seven years (and most of them the extension division of the Building and Over-reachinag rather than ing the for more than 15 years) found that 60 Allied Trades Compensation mov Service RB- platform, misjudging one's liftint gcapac- per cent actually had occupational dis- reau and a member of the compensation ity and hesitancy to stop another worker eses, 33 per cent non-,unpational dis- committee of the State Federation of for momentary ,snes in eases and only 7 per cent Labor. assistance, carlel were normally The service bureau is actively hastily throwing together scaffol ds from healthy. engaged in assisting worehrs in the con- which to work and failure to alllow set- Yet with early detection practiially all struction industry to secure their just ficient time for relaxation im have of these occupational diseases can be compensation of the a when they become disabled resulted in many a strained mus ce, her- cured. Right here, Mr. Gersh maintains, in the course of performing their jobs. nta, broken leg and lost limb. Fatigue is where the union comes in. Obviously Fromn the compensation files of the hu- and inadequacy or faultiness of equipment the employer is not going to do anything reau, Mr. Gernh has studied and analyzed supplied by the contractor .ke their about reducing the hazards of the indus- the case also ta histories of 646 injured or dis- toll in the life and health of the v,orker. try. Since the adoption of the workmen's eased painters who at one time or another The 488 accident records examdined by compensation laws, which attempted to have appealed to the bureau for help. The Mr. Gersh were distributed among the fix the responsibility for hazards upon in- report of his findings, "Oceupational Haz- following causes. The misceIlaneous dustry, employers have come to insure ards and the Painter," has just been group includes injury from beingc struck themselves against the risks of having to published by the New York District Coun- by other objects, from stepping cn nails, pay compensation. So inured have they cil No. 9 of the Brotherhood of Painters, from burns by lime, loss of vsiton from become to the payment of compensation Decorators and Paper Hangers of dry ceiling plaster or fresh lime-contain- insurance premiums, that they have come America. ing plaster falling into the eye a rd simi- to regard accidents and occupational sick- Here in 100 brief pages is one of the lar causes: ness as a natural cost of the Industry. most worthwhile contributions to the They seek other ways of keeping their study of workmen's compensation prob- PerCet insurance rates low than the prevention lems that we have seen in a long time. cCases of hazard itself. The objectives of the book are tvo-fold: Fall: Ladders and horses 27. The union, however, could maintain a (1) To point out the hazards of the trade 4 health department of its own through and show Scaffolds built on job the painters how they can and Hung scaffolds ...... o.0 which it could educate the painter in ways must protect themselves; (2) to demon- Other falls ...... 10.4 of protecting himself against the hazards strate the administrative weaknesses of Lifts 18.4 and conduct periodic examination of its the present compensation system of the Miscellaneous ...... 24.8 members for signs of disease. Detection state and prescribe methods by which it Practically every paint and lact [ter now is quite possible with modern medical may be improved. used contains alarge proportion ofpoison- technique and early treatment is essen COST REACHES HUGE SUM ous substances. The proportion of these tial, since great damage may be done poisons to the other ingredients I,as been before any outward signs become reeog- The cost of industrial hazards to the greatly increased in recent years through nizable. painting trade in New York State alone efforts of industrial chemists t' ,obtain The work of health and safety protec- runs in the neighborhood of three million quick-spreading and fast-drying finishes. tion has been left up to the individual dollars annually. The economic loss to In addition to the increased st oeadinesworker and it is high time that steps the nation as a whole as a result of inm of exposure of the painter to hiis paint, were being taken to remedy the situation. dustrial accidents and diseases of all as a result of the speed-up prece ,s which The worker would hesitate to take a types amounts to two and one-half bil- keeps him tied to his scaffold, he is sub- physical examination at the industry's lions every year. ject to greatly multiplied hazards expense, for fear of losing his job should The past two decades have seen a tre- through the use of modern paint-spray- some weakness be discovered. But being mendous mechanization of the construc- ing equipment. examined by his own union is quite a tion industry. The introduction of the The air sunrrounding the wor ,re very different matter. Should disposition to- steel skeleton, the elevator, the steam quickly becomes saturated with the toxic ward disease be shown then, arrange- shovel, the power hoist and derrick, the fumes of turpentine, benzol and similar ments could be made to shift temporarily concrete mixer, the cement gun, the pneu- volatiles, and laden with minute drops of with a worker of stronger constitution matic riveter and the pneumatic caisson lead and other poisons which enter the on a job having healthier working con- foundation have all tended to speed up the body through the mouth and 1ungs or ditions within the trade. building process. The painting trade has become absorbed through the ski n. Sim- The union should also continue to been probably the least affected by the pie paper or fabric flters have a]I prov.ed insist upon a law requiring that the poI- mechanization movement of any branch useless in protecting the worker, Noth- seious content of all paints and lacquers of the industry. although here too the in- ing but the bulkiest of gas ma sit too be clearly marked on the container in troduction of the spray machine is begin- cumbersome and heavy to work in, have order that the worker may be aware of ning to revolutionize interior decorating. yet been devised to do the trick. its presence and use greater precaution As a result of the greatly increased in handling it, pace of other branches of construction, SHORT LIFE SPAN A great majority of the accident haz- the painter has been forced to speed up Small wonder that the average expect- ards could be removed by bringing them until he now covers from two to two and aney of life of a painter in New York City to the attention of the employer through one-half times the area which he covered is only 46 years, while that of thu rest of the union. Often the employer is un- in a given period 20 years ago. the population IS 62 years. Liv ing in a .ontinuedon page 324) July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers qid Operators 299 More Light On Question Of Skill Shortage

Editor,' Note: There has recently been incompetent in their work, and we find published asttement of Harry L. Hop- WPA Administrator gives Con- that at their age they would find it kins, Adminisaatorn of Public Works Ad- very difficult to do a competitive piece ministration, given to the Committee on gress results of investigation. of work. That being true, the contrac- Appropriations of the House o/ Repre- tor will require men who can Ido more sentatives. This report throws addi- work, or show greater production per tional light on the question of the so- day or per hour. Je cannot get the called shortage of skilled mechanics, do we find? We find that we have car- production out of them that he can get penters on our rolls, and good ones. We out of young men 28 or 29 years of age, OW, there has been some criticism have some who have been carpenters all and that is the way he writes his spe- I in the press relative to one or two their lives and union memnbers all their cification. The whole criticism on the things: One is that business inter- lives; but they are 52, 53, 54, or 55 years face of it does not make sense as far as eats seeking help cannot get help because old, and when a contractor has gone to thie building trades are concerned, when the workers are on the WPA rolls. The unemployment-relief agencies looking for we realize that building activity today is second is that there is a shortage of work- help, we find that he has made a specifi- only about one-half of what it was in ers of certain skill. Now, we have gone cation as to age, and that he will not 1929. With the public and privalo build- to sone pains to explore every statement employ anyone over 40 or 45 years of age. that kind that we can fnd in the United ing put together, it is still only aboutit of one-half of what it was in 1920. The States on all fronts. First, as to the EMPLOYEE STANDARD USED shortage of skilled men in the building shortage of workers of certain skills, the is, therefore, a shortage of men of when they say there is trades statement comes out that in a certain city In other words, particular ages, if there is any shortage. shortage,a there is a shortage under the there is a shortage of carpenters and Very often shortages in the building bricklayers, and that we have bricklayers specification which he gives. His specifi- cation is one of a very high standard of trades take place during a period of three and carpsiters on our rolls working for or four weeks. For instance, there was why can they employment. Then, we examine to see the WPA. Then they ask, a shortage at Memphis over a period of not get jobs if there is a shortage of whether those carpenters of ours are bricklayers and carpenters? Now, what good carpenters, or whether they are

Even young men i the electrical field are finding artifical bar r iers raised agsnst their employment but the greatest drive is against the man over 40 years old, 300 The Journul a E£etl' a/coltorker, oId Operator.s July, 1937 Commodity Theory of Labor Bobs Up Again

ELL, they've done it again. Once corporations which collaborated in the more industry has gone out and investigation": had itself "scentifically analyzed" U'niversity of Michigan depart- by an outside institution in order to ment sets seal upon out-moded Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation "prove" the old classical theory that labor stuff. Wants service sold like (U. S. Steel subsidiary) wages for this gIcat mass of the popula- Commonwealth Edison Company tion can and shoul.d never be lifted per- eggs. Big corporations behind General Electric Company manently above the harest minimum report. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company hilh will keel, bodie bnd souls together. Kelvinator Corporation Just who laid the cash on the harrel- Marshall Field & Company head this time is not immediately dis- Michigan Bell Telephone Company closed, but the barrel itself was located Ilndustr forgets that the ations of Public Service Company of Northern in the offices of the Bureau of Industrial each individual employer join with that Illinois Relations of the University of Michigan. of every other employer to produe an Sears-Roebuek and Company As to the kind of money that it was, it effect which multiplies itself throughout Toledo Edison Company doesn't require the reading of more than society. and that thus the real wage U. S. Rubber Products, Incorporated a sentence or two of ihe bureau's bright which the employer pays his employee, Westinghouse Electric & Manufactur- and shining, 13 8S-page rpqrt before any- multiplied throughout society, ing Com.panl.y. one can establishes hazard a good.. nest. Briefly what the report recommends Forexample: the purchasing power of the prospective is that the government help standardize " *I Excessive wage consumer of his own product. the rates, ex- labor market for specifle acted by labor organizations are soeially As we have noted above, industry key labor ser disadvantageous. claims that it desires to see an end to vices, throughout our industrial system, Such rates are clearly by publishing above the wages set the feeling of ciass consciousness, but weekly the actual wages competitively for it which various comparable services,. certainly chooses strange industries pay for those An excesive wage ways of demon- services in each locality. rate, made effective uniformly among strating that wish. It is just such per- competing firms by a labor organization, formances as the publication of state- WANT WAGES TO RUN ON FIXED burdens consumers of the product and ments such as those which we have BASIS subjects the wages of collaborating em- quoted from the prse t report, which is In this way Industry would ployees, not in the organization, be relieved to added entitled Wage Determination and which of its present necessity of pressure. ' either scouting admittedly "was made in response to re- around and exchanging its current wage Or this one: quests of 30 companies to the Bureau of rates with its immediate 'From a social standpoint the competitors in use of Industrial Relations,' that make labor the local labor market, rational methods in as the report re- dealing with this impatient. veals type of wage problem is clearly they now do, or of paying their prefer- Altogether 60 outstanding corporations trade associations for able to the use of pressure, making extensive Pressure co-operated in this study which was con- local wage studies for them. groups are not likely to develop critical ducted through interviews between the Every firm would be able to know im- standards of their own conduct or of the bureau's director, John W. Riegel, and mediately how its own wage scales com- terms they exact. Their use of pressmure leading business executives and personnel to determine wage questions pared with those of its competitors for stimldntes managers at their own offies, followed labor; counter pressures. * * Further- and no employer would ever be up by three round-table conferences at subject to the embarrassment more, they seldom settle any issue aso tiat of dis- the University of Michigan during the covering, to his sorrow, that he was un- its consideration at a later time is facili- fall of 1930 to discuss industrial wage tated (Editor's note: i.e., wittingly paying more for his labor than they really policies and practices. was ncl..ssary settle it.) In fact pressure methods often or, worse yet, of having Not one labor leader or one worker was his competitors discover that he was do- lead directly to new conflicts. Accord- consulted on this all-important question ingly, these methods ing so and thus forcing them also to for the valuation of of how and how much a man shall be paid maintain services rendered jointly appear to be high wage rates in order not for his toil, but here are a few of the to lose their socrially undesirable." own workers to him. It is easy to see that in And again: almost no time at all after the "Where an employer is able publication of current. key and willing to pay at least the service wage rates for an in- average of the wages current dustrial area in the market the average for each key ser- published rate for any given vice, ther appears to be a service would become the social loss when his employees maximum. follow a general philosophy of As the weeks succeeded each class conflict and harass him other there would tend to be by militant tactics. Such an a continuous leveling off of the employer should have the co- top rates and possibly to operation some of his employees, pro- extent, a lifting of the bottom vided that his supervision of rates quoted. The range with- them is intelligent and humane." in which wages for the services In other words, what indus- varied in any community would try desires is a passive, weak- constantly narrow down until kneed labor force which will the rates practically ceased to meekly and gratefully accept fluctuate at all. whatever sop its employers Carefully graded and tsgged deign to throw it What labor with its price, the labor of a asks is when in all past history man would did workers soon be sold like so ever gain anything many eggs by not in the market. This unitedly resisting ef- is exactly the end which indus- oe't beleong with commodities forts to depress their level of Labor do either Labor Is agerviee try now proposes earnings? vlded by human beings. and the cvmtod tv theery to achieve. labor must go ((ontinued on pare 3d3L 'fdy, 1937 The Journal o/ Electrhtcd Workrcs ''d Operators 301 Labor's Friend Visualizes A Modern State

What Sen.tor Robert F. Wryner, of every fOUemployed in that earlier period. New Yok, authLor of the National Labor Senator Wagner projects his own Thirty-nine per cent have been thrown Relatios Act altd atanyo'ther ilbe-r.i out of work. Instead of benefiting by this .gu.rg,. asys/ about the operalon of a view into the future. Democracy amazing technological advance, the aver- mnoder satoe is of great,terih t to Irt, . can solve technological riddle. age full-time retained employee is re- Thisarticle is e(e rpted fioaIf diarl,- ceiving a wage 20 per cent below the sion in the Ne' York Tl'me S..dLo 1923-25 level. The consumer is paying IWgazinrt, repl.blished by .permission. the same old price for his smoke, ora level, factory payrolls are lagging at only little more. ODAY, wiLIt almost 50 yenrs oif unin- I per cent above that level. While the Who have benefited? The owners and terrupted experience, we are hardly profits of 940 representative industrial the owners alone. In 1936 the industry's farther along the road to a coherent eraporations incrt:sed 51 per cent in return on invested capital exceeded 1929,. system ef industrial control than we were L936 over 19:;5, factory payrolls rose less In this striking example we have om- in .1890,Both major parties sing the than Iti pe[r cat, factory employment less pressed, albeit on an abnormal scale, the praises of the anti-trust laws and adopt than 7 per cent and tile per capita arl- issues with which we must deal. planks based upun a diametrically There is a surprising unanimity opposite philosophy. Half of the of opinion that substartial enmou- laws enacted by Congress represent agement by the federal government one school of thought, the other to the commencement of a long- half the other. No one can state range low-rent housing prograim authoritatively what our national would best meet every test of a policy is,. sound employment campaign. ilous. My own view is that business size ing offers the greatest prospects is a technological rather than a for absorbing the idle, for while governmental problem. The law the index of industrial activity is should not try to make business now at 118 per cent of normal, resi- either "big" or "small." The small dential construction lags far behind independent, if given a fair fiel, at 45 per cent. will in many instances prove his It stands first in serving general superiority in acumen. efficieney social needs, because there is today and rsefduli.ss. a stupendous cumulative deficit in In the nany instances where the simple decent living quarters. It large-scale organization of enter- will yield the highest return per prise is hert to stay, the govern- dollar spent, not only because the ment will evemtually be forced to projects will be partially self liqui- maintain a system of economic dating, but because better housing checksand bal.naes, by protecting will reduce illness, crime, fire haz- the correlative organization of ard, rent relief and all the other labor, hft and consumer groups, tearful costs of the slums. It offers by legislating minimum-pay and the most inviting field for the in- maxinlun-bour standards, by mediate and rapidly expansible in- equating industrial and agricultural vestnrent of private capital. income, aild by preventing runaway If we will dedicate the best there price pyrmidblng from canceling is in democracy to the solutionh of nominarl vage advances. The unemployment, to the perfection of soeone . we enter our attention upon ,ocial security, to the more equita- this course, instead of attempting ile distribution of our wealth to turn the lock of industrial or- through wage and hour controls, ganization forward and backward collective bargaining and public at the same time, the nearer we works, to a consistent and hellpul shall appr.oachl toward the ideal treatment of the problems of pri- industhiai program. vate business both large and small. For it bas been an observed phe- SENAnOR WAGNEr o equality for agriculture, to the norenon that the wage-earner'a al- H , *r tns I. ¼,rn Ju d ietal e x er e, Ien , "r P tice improvementet of the physical en- lotment out of the product he shilling Ir.t.l. nse of lhe. ollo.l I IIIIIi viroiments in which our people live, shares in creating has declined to the full release of our i.arveoi s steadily for nearly a century. In manu- ings of the ili.v.hidal factoly x koheron productive capacities and their transla- faeturing alole labor's share in tile lull tine lesI. thi.il 8 Lper cent tion into social rather than lirivte bene- total proceeds of factory output stood at lBtciause consumner income I Il. low fits, and to the vigilant protection of self- 51 per cent in 1849, at 42 per cent in and to,ries high for more geeod to be expression in every form-then we shall 1919 and at only 36 per cent in 1933. sold, priodluctiion is lagig behind lnrofits. be nearer to the ideal state in our course Between.1922 and 1929 the real wages of Bec;iuse there i nIo ready nlar( fori of action if not in our final attainmnints. employees increased by slightly less than rnole prI l iduction, there is no irdeiuake 10 per cent. But during the samne period stimulus, to thle reilnvestment oifprofits in industrial profits rose by 86 per cent, hluintly. Extcss priofitis uis beconie 'lio houe.-bulder at work in cities ,r aiiy while in ithe shorter span from 1926 to frozen surpluises And thiLt i ll sumre Ihere. 1929 dividend payments mounted by 1014 roaILd 10 depression The preparatory joining, squaring, awin.g, per cent. In tbe to.bacco industry 5Ib00O,000 toortring, The hoist up of beoam. the push of them in These tendencies, interrupted by the ligars and cirlrardtes ar{ n(w heinz man- their pla.s., laying them regulr. recent depression which they did so much nfacftuired innmiilly for evryi i00,0.0900 Satthng the ,tulsby thir telOlils il the 1Inr- to bring on and accentuate, have reapI- that were maodeelch yern dinolai the pe- tises, accordilg as they wore prepared. peered duling our present recovery drive mied 1923-25. But despite this huge in- The blow, of the mallets ad hanmer - While industrial production is no riiun- crease of 53 pe celnl in pr'luctki.m there. pIeiir- nlid praises to hnml ring at IS per cent above the 1923-25 ire only 61 wolhrer in the i.ndust ry for -Walt Wetniun. 302 The Journal o Electrealti 1 aorkersand Operators July, 1937 I

JOURNAL OIF' Case Of Santiago Iglesias, resident commis- Puerto Rico sioner of Puerto Rico, has written a ELECTRICAL RKERS monograph entitled "Puerto Rico Op- Official Rblicalion Inenahmalana Brorhof Electrical Workers poses Independence." lie declares: "The idea of out- right independence is terrifying and unthinkable to all but a group of pretentious intellectuals, 'ilustrados,' Devoted of among our people. Some who have not clearly thought

to the Ortanized through the questions conscientiously feel that the is- land would be better off if it were separated from the CauseLar States. There are, in addition, a few well-to-do, discon- .... Washinton, D.C.. July. NO. 7 tented professionals who would like to have the island

VW. XX= lffahffig,. D. C., July, IM~ N.. 7 turned over to them for their personal administration, just as there are groups of individuals in New York and New Successes The record of the International Chicago and San Francisco who promote the over- For I. B. E. W. Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, throw of the federal government in favor of radicals dating over a period of nearly half a and communism. Every community of any size has century, is attracting widespread attention through- the same kind of people, only our particular group out all industry. The calmness, the competency, the seems to have done an unusually good job of adver- progressive character and the intelligence of its mem- tising, making a lot of noise through sensational news bership have not been overlooked. The Brotherhood and other devices." is regarded as an excellent example of an organization He goes on to paint a picture of better conditions for that has achieved that fine balance between stability the workers: "The average conditions of the workers and progress. now are the highest of all times, as a result of their The union operates upon two wings, so to speak, one constant insistence for increased wages and better of which may be described as discipline and the other living conditions, so that families of the laboring class in Puerto Rico now enjoy many more of the necessities as enthusiasm. An organization may become too of life than they once did. It is only natural that the stable: may possess so much discipline that it fails people appreciate the improvement of their lot and to go forward adapting itself to the changing policies want to maintain the relationship which brought it of the times. Or a union may become to buoyant. It about." may toss hither and thither like a cork on a turbulent He concludes by maintaining: "The encouragement stream taking its direction with every eddy and back- and help of the United States have been largely re- sponsible for the tremendous improvement of the current of the flood. The organization that succeeds island, and our people fully realize that fact." is the organization that has a combination of these two great qualities. It must be disciplined. It must be progressive. The International Brotherhood of Electrical Work- Poor Labor people sometimes get discour- ers has made several important contributions to the Co-operation! aged about the poor attendance at labor movement. It was the first in the group insur- union meetings. They consider the ance field. It is one of the few that has given its mem- union meeting a barometer of the interest of the mem- bers pensions. It has founded a research department bership in the organization. They might find some comfort in the fact that second to none among such labor agencies. It has meetings of 15 companies with shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange a notable labor publication, the Journal of Electrical were postponed or adjourned because a quorum of Workers and Operators. It participated in creating stockholders could not be mustered. It appears to be the Council on Industrial Relations which is unique the small stockholder who is running out on company in its approach to the controversial questions which meetings, but when the small stockholder is multiplied arise between employers and unions. These are in- by several thousand he becomes a determined factor in novations, but the union is soberly aware that com- the outcome of policy making. Incidentally, the fact pacts are compacts, and has the discipline to keep that major companies are having a hard time to get agreements when they are made with employers. stockholders to meetings calls attention anew to a These are some of the qualities of the organization certain condition of non-democratic control of corpo- that are attracting attention and bringing new suc- rations. This is a truism, but here is some light on cesses to the Brotherhood in these troubled times. the question. July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operntors 303 Arms For How deeply democratic nations are eom- 5. The leader rides into greater power. He becomes Democracy ing to feel about fascism is indicated allpowerful. He now betrays the mob. He refuses to by recent action taken by labor groups institute the reforms that he promised to bring the in the democratic nation of Sweden. Sweden is a better day. pacific nation, and labor in Sweden has always opposed 6. He conceals the rapidly falling standard of living armaments. In May Swedish labor changed its policy behind a calnnon. He waves the flag. He pounds his and issued a statement that "arms are better than the chest. lie gives the people words instead of bread. yoke of tyranny," Swedish labor believes that fascism Their emotions are aroused, They are beguiled. is fighting for the control of the world. It wants 7. No man is safe. Free speech, free press, free labor to unite against such control. assembly disappears. The magnetic leader continues his pious cant about loving the masses. The standard of living falls lower. The cannons belch smoke and The Path To Widespread interest in the United fire. Many die for the dictator. They have nothing. Industrial Peace States in arbitration, peaceful set- The labor movement is a democratic movement. It tlement of labor disputes, and la- must have leaders, but it must not follow leaders bor's contribution to an industry, comes quite natur- blindly. It must keep open the avenues of self-expres- ally upon the heels of the validating of the Wagner sion. Above all else, it must think rather than merely Labor Disputes Act. Most of the strikes in this feel. country during the last three or four years have been for the right to organize into unions. If workers have any reason for striking this is surely the prime and Farewell The capacity of human beings for major reason, and justly so. Theoretically, labor has To Disputes controversy appears to be illimitable. always had the right to organize, but, by means of It is not likely that even under co- injunctions and espionage systems, often state militias operative society disputes will be entirely eliminated. and other such barriers, labor's right has been nulii- We call attention to the following paragraph taken fled. After the right has been once admitted and from the "Inquiry on Cooperative Enterprise in achieved, labor is willing to consider fair and peaceful Europe." means for settling disputes. This has nothing to do "Labor unions are friendly to consumer co-operatives. with compulsory arbitration. This is as repugnant Yet co-operative history has not been devoid of labor to labor as it is to employers. It does have to do. how- disputes. Employees are generally organized into trade ever, with setting up proper machinery for maintain- unions. employees in competitive plants often ar not. ing the goal which both employers and labor seek. The weight of evidence indicates that in co-operatives the employees Not just any sort of machinery enjoy better wages, shorter h6urs and will do. On the job better working conditions. Whether this is due to the there must be proper works councils, shop stewards, inherent nature of co-operatives, to the strength of there must he swift and sure methods of filing griev- trade union,, to the voice that employees as consumers ances and getting the grievances disposed of. In the have in the selection of management, or to the fncrt industry at large, there must be some tribunal to that successful enterprises are able to treat employees better than less successful enterprises, is a question which both workers and employers may have easy beyond the scope of Uhis memorandum." access which is unimpeachable as to fairness which also must be habituated to examining far-flung causes However, there is little doubt that as human beings and making decisions in the light of factual knowledge. embark upon the adventure of greater co-operation. It takes some lime te build such an industrial tech- there will be fewer and fewer bitter disputes. nique, but it is worth the trouble when it is created.

Days These are the days when one's mind turns to How Fascism In this day of rapid changes, it is Off the avenues of escape. We think about vaca- Comes well to remember how fascism comes. tions, There is so much in this hurly-burly 1. A magnetic leader arises who hyp- world that demands one's strength, thought and en- notizes the mob. He wins its loyalty. ergy that one is likely to forget that it is sensible to 2. A magnetic leader makes glowing promises which take days off. There should be; and there are likely to he does not hope to fulfill and which appear to promise be for workers, days at the baseball grounds, auto- a better standard of living for the underlying popu- mobile trips, and quiet moments with rod and reel. A lation. good book often can bring relaxation. The theatre is 3. A magnetic leader uses the pressure of mob tac- a good avenue of escape, and the movies are kept fairly tics to destroy every liberal agency in his nation, free from propaganda. One should not begrudge to 4. A mob rejoices and feels that a new day is being himself days off, even if the world is on fire, even if created because the old democratic forms are being de- problems rush in on the individual. He should be quiet stroyed. They expect Utopia; they adulate the mag- for a little while, and think and try to recover his netic leader. perspective. 304 The Journoi of Electrical lWorkers and Operators July, 1937

NOT FOR LINEMEN'S WIVES By A WORKE-RS WIIE

DID you ever see a moving picture The story, too, is true to lifl It is't have to work fo, awhile. In Red's old that sent you out to the street at glamorized. It isn't new to alyoel wvho car they headed for Chicago. its conclusion, to walk for blocks is in this trade. Shappic has told Ilis Red had a girl in Chicago Her name with your knees shaking? That had version of it in "Casey's Chroniclus of was Callie, and she was a nurse in a characters in it so real that days later the Work World." Linemen poets of our hospital where Red had been mended up you could reall thi,, with affection and Brothinhr noi have tried to express the after anccident. He always looked her understanding as though they were mem- glory that men fiel in danger, mastering up when he came to town. Callie knew bers of your own family? A movie that the mighiest of elements; anlli the fel- that Red couldn't quit his dangerous took you into a dangerous trade and lowship of the eraft. Li.men's wives trade-he loved it; but she tried to get made you feel that you were working have Died to tell uIs how t hey felt when Slim to quit. She taught him to dance with its workers ? This is no press agent their men were out oil strnmly nights. while Red gambled. When they left Red blurb. Once in awhile the celluloid does Even the death claims tell their story. gave her a diamond bracelet instead of reach out and capture the true stuff of And the death statistics that .re published an engagement ring and he ran his ear life, and when it does there's no finer, each year in the Journal--how heavily down the dusty road as though a demon more flexible medium of recording it. they lean into the lilemen's column with pursued him, instead of the thought of a The picture I'm talking about is "Slim," its grim tabulations: electrocutions; wife and a home. He told Slim, vigor- made by Warner Bros. from William humrs; falls: pneumonia: tubercuiosis! ously and definitely, why he thought a Wister Haines' novel about linemen. Our The story starts with a construction lineman had no business to get married. own Brother Shappie, who reviewed this crew building a hi-line, and the farm boy. But Slim had promised to write to Callie, novel for the Journal, commented on with his plow horses, wild with admira- because Red never would do that. the author's accurate "all-round knowl- tion for the bronzed men, hanging around, So when Slim was nearly killed in a edge of the game, even down to the finest begging for a job so that he can learn fight with another lineman -hom he sus- details." The author himself wrote the the trade, The foreman tells him to stay pected of trying to injure his buddy, script for the movie and most of the away, but Red, top-notcher in line con- Callie came on to nurse him. When he action takes place, not in Hollywood struction, christens him "Slim," helps him was well and was offered a maintenance "sets" but up on the poles and the stu- to get his chance. And

Women's Auxiliary

WOMEN'S AUXILIARY L. U. NO. 702, CHAMPAIGN, II. Editor: It has bean some time sin l[ haveI written anything for the WoiiKaz, bit I have in- tended doing so before now. We have been growing slow but sure. We haYe SI mrmbnr, now aid ,l organized the iuxiliary in April, IN3G. One ol' oaur niers,e Mrs. Clara E'lora Egan, passedl .way last month. Ollir sil- cerest Aynpathy to the family was cxpressed by a letter our president sont to them, of 4 § which I am ea'clsigll a eoey. Last fall we had a lottoparty to make smei money for mir trasaury slait w, clered $33.50, thanksto our chairman for this party, Mrs. Elsie Neili, who did a splnnlid joh. We are making a quilt now to sell chances on. Ealh member pieced a bhock and one of our members, Mrs. Opal Benefiald, has ofC fared to quilt it fol. us MRs. J. ED. SEnDGuWi. Se.rotary.

IHere is a copy of the Ilatnr sent to the family of Mrs. (lnra EgaN: i"T Mr. Chris. Egun a...d family: "With a sincre ifeeing of s.rro.w and regret we. the wornen o JL&)iil U rtio, No. 702. 1. Bi.E. W., Wi.,en'a Axiliary, mourn the loss and pSi, llf o our Sistir, Mll Ulaal Elnora Egan, 702 No. Walnut Street. "Resolved, Thit we pay tribute to hir meonry by exrlssilg to ier f,iUalily oUr i~~~~~~~~ sincere symnlalhy. 'MiS. Al, . *ATEI FTlnoldhit"

HOW ABOUT A UNION BUTTON? A Summertime Surprise By SALLy L[UNN I learly se the logbic Keep this recipe bandy for the about 20 minutes. Meanwhile melt Why every illloi nll. next time theeream goes sourt and the butter in the scabted milk. Beat Should wear a ullion luttil, if you don.t want to wait for that to ea.lf Add sour crtam~, blend well Just everywhere he I-au, happen, sour eream is now being with sugar and yeast mix/ac. Add Arid alny lI... in's bnyinqg prepared by dairies, and you can lukewarm ... ilk and butter,· and lour There shutald ways ]l! older it from your grocer or milk- a.l at once. Beat f or ill ndnutns A uniol card plainly displayei man. These delicious hot brea. rolls, (automrtic ..ixr go.dforJ this piro. For everyone to see. with their gooey filling ahad carmel-pose), Plae d.. ogh in oyeil dish nut tollppn g are mighty enticing to and allow to stand overnight in re- Sn' I L aY( lvpu wondering the ppjotite when served fresh and frigerat.r before lnmg Th, dough If it was't a good plan ]Vor all lh, ijilllo wives hoe, Andl yu'll find they are net may remain in rofierator as long 'o he in ludId, if they vaa. diibcult to make at all. an five days 'itlholt deriora....ti In The dugh may be stored iu the Aftrr, moing f,, l'oelrigerator, For who spenlsi the roust money rerigerator as long as five drys, and let dongh rnisein warm plac to dos- For, tih ro.i... i thinis C life? you ca tah~e parts of it and make hie its original bulk,e re,mo, Kead Who bIuys the glrllrils Iaid cletieb? into rolls several times during that in I/ rips, lone flour. Roll oIt into IUisually, the Blrothr's wife. thne. Th.re is no guess-work in this two sheets bot inch thick. If each anid every uni.',, wif p recipeabout the amount of flour Spread with thl layer of sour Har some soorl of button to wear. neeifyd. Mdk it as you would a cream, sprinkle with brown sugar It wouIII help in labor's strife cake -follring each step andimes- and a few nut measts. Be.1 enrthwised Anol -a', a se so of care. uoine all ingeodientsy urotely. Use cut like a jellyrot in slicesiI And if all the union wives a gtd e-piurpose fliour and a nie- inches tick. Plaed in outtered Imuf- Would Illanlid a unin card, thicksoul: eream. fin tins lined with browi sugar, Ilt The brattle fir orgrInmailon SOUR CREAM REFRIGERATOR ameats aond dot of butter. Set in Would Ib just. half as hard. ROLLS a warm placeb orise u o double Utheir hunlk. Bake at 40i0 degrees for 25 So let's have sone olinIOn Ih aen ymprou'ldfuinp uhgar And see if lP' not right. ydiltt oup milk,l scadld minutes then reduce hout erio to and For when there's UNITY at hllle, :.a goodh dupallprpshutter Iflug CUbr sourardaice rean inhehake thickrbout i0Pla~e minutes itnobutternedma-j longer.Yield Then UNITY means MIGHT. I.2tr a lontaspofnv salt -2 douen ro llsi 456 cu.p all-purpose siftedl tlonr When only part of the dough is Mais. J. V WILSON, Cvnmblc te yeast into a mixing taken from refrigerator alt a time, bewl; add sugar and stir togetherflou divide the amount of lr for knead- Wife of J. V. Wilson, local No. 569. until the yeast liquefiesr. Let stand ing accordingly. San Diego, CUlit. The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

LIST OF CO-OPERATING MANUFACTURERS

Gratifying response to idea of unity and co-operation in the electrical industry is revealed. New manufacturers are being added to the list. The following are new:

New Additions

General Inmtrumment Corporation, 829 Newark Ave., 1eibfried Mfg. Corporation, New York City Elizabeth, N. J. France Mfg. Company, Cleveland, Ohio Crosley Radio Corporation, Cincinnati, Ohio

The complete list is as follows:

Complete List

CONDUIT FITTINGS

Arrow Conduit & Fittings Corp., 419 Lafayette St., Bridgeport Switch Co., Bridgeport, Conn. New York City

SWITCHBOARDS. PANEL BOARDS AND ENCLOSED SWITCHES

Automatic Switch Co., 164 Grand St., New York City Universal Switchboard Corp., 15 North 11th Street, Cole Electric Products Co., 4300 Crescent St., Long Island Brooklyn, N. Y. City, N. Y. Switchboard App. Co., 2305 W. Erie St., Chicago Empire Switchboard Co., 810 4th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Hubertz-Rohs, 408 South Hloyne Ave., Chicago I. T. Friedman Co., 53 Mercer St, New York City C. J, Anderson & Co., 212 W. Hubbard St., Chicago Federal Electric Products Co., 14 Ave. L, Newark, N. J. Brenk Electric Co., 549 Fulton St., Chicago Lexington Electric Products Co., 103 Park Ave., New Chicao Switchboard Mfg. Co., 426 S. Clinton St., Chicago York City Cr efir Electric Mfg. Co., 609 W. Laike St., Chicago Metropolitan Electric Mfg. Co., 14th St. & East Ave., Electric Steel Box & Mfg. Co., 500 S, Throop St., Chicago Long Island City, N. Y. Reuben A. Erickson, 3645 Elston Ave., Chicago Royal Switchboard Co.. 130 West 3d St.. New York City Hub Electric Co., 2225 Grand Ave., Chicago Standard Switchboard Co., 134 Noll St.. Brooklyn, N. Y. Major Equipment Co., 4603 Fullerton Ave., Chicago Commercial Control & Device Corp., 43 Roebling St.. Gus Berthold Electric Co., 551 W. Monroe St., Chicago Brooklyn, N. Y. Marquette Electric Co., 311 N. Des Plaines St., Chicago C. J. Peterson & Co., 725 W. Fulton St., Chicago

SIGNAL APPLIANCE SHOPS

Auth Electrical Specialty Co., Inc., 422 East 53d St., New Stanley & Patterson, Inc., 150 Variek St., New York City York City Acme Fire Alarm Co., 65 Madison Ave., New York City L. J. Loeffier, 351-3 West 41st St., New York City July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical WoK'/,( v acd Operators 307

WIRE, CABLE AND CONDUIT SIIOPS

Circle Wire & Cable Corp., Woodward and Flushing Aves., Eastern Tube & Tool Company, Inc., 594 Johnson Ave., Brooklyn Brooklyn Standard Eleetrie Equipment Corp., 3030 N torthrii Bld.. O. Z& Eluctrieal Manufacturing Company, Inc., 45 Bergen Long Island City, N. Y. St., rooklyn Triangle Conduit & ClohIe Co., fn., Dry IHailr [i. and H1offmann-Soons Company, 387 1st Ave., Nw York City Cooper Ave,, Brooklyn HemansTen Electric Co.. 653 11th Ave., New York City Columbia Cable & Electric Company, Thompson. Av., Tiritnngr Conluit & Cable Co., Wheeling, W. Va. Long Isklnd City Ar Inslulated Wire Co., 225 King St., B3rooklyn

(ONCIRETE BOXES AND ALL TYPES OF OUTLET BOXES

Knight Electrical Prodctes Co.. 32-36Morton St.,D,,..,kYn Arrow Conduit & Fittings Corp., 419 Lafayette St.. Standard Elcr , Eqiplnitmi Corp, Long Island City, N. Y. New York City

WIRING DEVICES Gaynor Electric Co., Bidgeport, Conn.

TELEPHONES AND TEL.EPHONE SUPPLIES Automatic Electric Co., lo01 W. Van Buren St., Chicago

LUMINOUS TUBE TRANSFORMERS Red Arrow Electric Corporation, lu0 Colt St., Irvington, N.J.

ELECTRICAL SPECIALTIES Russell & StoS Company, 125 Barclay St., New York City

EADIO MANUFACTURING Air King Products, 11ooper St., Brooklyn. N. Y. Estey IRadio, 115 4th Ave., New York City Ampiex Radio, 240 W. 23d St., New York City Insuline Corp.n, of America, 25 Path Place, New York City Ansley,. 240 W. 23d St., New York City Luxer Radio, 521 W. 23d St., New York City L)aidl Bogen, 663 Broadway New York City Motorvox,. 226 Adams St., Brooklyn Continental Sound, 30 W. 15th St., New York City Regl Radio, 14 E. 17th St.. New York City 1)e Wahl, 508 6th Ave., New York City Transformer Corp. of America, 69 Wooster St., NeV United Scientific Laboratories, 508 6th Ave., New York York City City Todd Products, 179 Wooster St., New York Cityv Pierce Arrow Radio, 508 60th Ave., New York City Dtrol,. Radio and Television Corporation, 3630 W. Fort FEada Radio and Electric, 3020 Thompson Ave., Long St., Detroit, Mich. Island City Condenser Corporation of Americ,, South Plainfield, N. J. Ferguson, 745 Broadway, New York City General Instrument Corporation, 82!9 Newark Ave. Freed Manufacturing Co., 44 W. 18th St., New York City Elizabelth, N. J. Garol Radio, 115 4th Ave., New York City Crosley I.adio Corporation, Cincinnatii. Ohio

MISCELLANEOUS

Lincoln Ma.nufacturing Company, 2630 Erskine St, Day-Bret Rfleetor Company, 5406 ilulwer, St. Louis, Mo. Detroit, Mich. Carl Bajolhr Lightning Conductor Co., St. Louis, Mo. Leibfried Mfg. Corporation, New York City France Mfg. Company, Cleveland, Ohio 308 The Joeuro of Eb triau lIorkers Mnd Operators Judy,. 1937

L. U. NO. b-I, ST. LOUIS, MO. been very good the last year since the Fourth Annual Benefit Picnic a Success READ) iood and most of the members have been Editor: working full time and it has been the hest Getting up teamn with the New With hard time, ,. ieh wane, Local No. year since 1929, which I think was our best York steam local, by L. I, members and rienrd. in the electrical U. No. year. industry in St. Loui., pinicked to their B-826. I reallythink at this time there has been hearts' desire from early morning all day Notles on the biggest bridge. by the most perfect harmon,y between our local and evening of July 17 at the Triangle L. U. No. 526. contractors and our local union in anome Park, time. We have started our new a noted gathering place for union organia- Business manager goes 'round and year tfrom June I at a daily wage of $11 for eight tlines. It was a grand family affair. The 'round. by L. U. No. 308. day was ideal and the showers that threat- hours and a 40-hour week, and I hope the Air conditioning progress, by L. U. sanei harnlon y ened soon cleared for the carnival that fol- wih tie contra.tors will No. 732. keep up for some lowed. Everyone was on their good be- time to rome, a,d with havior, as usual. You'll bear more about Boulder our same officls on duty working for the Dam, by L. U. No. 1. best interest of the contractors and the Committee Appointments for 1937 Neon school plus organized sign contraetors always ready to meet our com- mittees at any time, shop,, by L. U. No. 28. and with the same There were 73 members of the committee, offiers eontinuillng for another four years compared to the 19 last year. What a relief Canadian g.vernn.nt's "new labor and our new agreement signed, we will ex- this was for the few who gave their services technique" protested, by L. U. pect to see good times in Springfeld for untiringly1 These 78 mon worked hard for No. 43S. soma time to come. the enjoyment of all present and deserve "When we northern wire pullers go It sure feels good to see the pictures praise for their unselfish efforts. All of after anything we get it," by of our international officers in the JOuNA1 the names of the committee appeared on L. U. No. 409. and they don't seem to change a bit; but bhe program, and the program is worthy of Going places on the railroads, by I understand our Interaional Treasurer, mention. The following are the chairmen Bruothlr Hoga. is iTA felinag well and I L. U. No. 887. of the various committees: hope he is feeing much better by now, Signs that the depression is over, C. R. .1Cal"Provost-A.rrangements (and Our Brother G. W. Whitford doesn't seem how he can arrange things to suit the situ.- by L. U. No. 211. to get any older, tie]). I. It. Fl W. in San Diego wins local I really think many of the younger mem- George '"Red" Angus--Program (cash-on- utilities men, by L. I. No. 1-465. bers and old ones, too, would like to see tbe-iilne-Oeorge). Government work is baclibone of pictures of their International O1fe, in the K. "Korky" Korkorian---Public address employment, by L. U. No. 212. JOIUNAL now and then and let the Brother- systemt (all tile tow,., i the richiry of 100 hMod know the wonderful work they are miles knew about the picnic). doing. Alex "Smiles" Young-Finance (the boy Our members send their sympathy to the who collects and pays with a smile). worth at the picnic, put over the best picnic faniily of Brother Herbert Benuett for W. G. "Wid" Smith-Gate (you could have Local No. I has ever had. their loss, for he will be rermebered by the gate and he could give you the gate). Note to Mr. Lindquist, of Total No. 83, quite a few of the me'mbers of Local No. 7 Robert "Midge" Pyatt-Bar (shhhh he Los Angeles, Calif.: I hail answer your for helping them out when the local was had a platform built so he could look over letter at the earliest possible moment when hard put for work around Springriel, and the bar). I am iii a position to q4uote Lhefats. we sure regret his loss. 1 knew hi mnper- Harry "Amiable" Lansing - Food and M. A- ("MOrnr") NEWMAN, sonally, for I hldped hiin wIhen I Iwa a Innch (none such, and plenty of it). A Lover of "Light' Work. you i fellow just starting in the business eddie 'Sticker' Hoc.k-lIee cream and in New York. Hloping I have not taken up too much soft drinks (an. howl he could 'hook" you L. for tte heat ice cream and soft drinks in U. NO. 7. SPRINGFIELD, MASS. space in our wolnderful JOUBNAL. the parki. Editor: E. MultSARIC~¥. J. M. "Director" Thnmpson Athleties (he Just when I have beei taking things easy gae you a run for the prize). our election of officers comes around on J. Seven-Up" Mo.rrell Bunco (it's no Ils and it seemed si Ion.i.T ie lant election L. U. NO. 8, TOLEDO. OHIO nuneowith Jinli.i--,-ho puts it over). I waa forgetting there was such a thing as Editor: ,reld "Spinner" Blind-Raffle (not a blank- an election, but anyway. we had our ele- At the regular meeting of the above-named blake-blind on the wheel). tinl and to show nr apptreciation of the local, held on Monday evening, June 28, the E.. C 'Sntty"S, tnnisn--Parkin. and wonderful work our offers have done during election of officers for tile next two years a.chines (Cand me the ammir hand I'll 'elp the depression it keeplng the membership took planc In some respiets it took on the )ou fix it]. together with but a very few lost inclmbers, atmosphere of an eveing of boxing bouts, M. A. "Morry' Newman--MuMs and dane- they were returned to oflie without any including ail the usuli events scheduled for ie, (I earl take it, too- -step to my tune -and oppositioni, s our officers for the next four such an evelt. In theLpreim inaries the con- you can. take it), years will be: IPreident, Arthur Ellig: vice test for the president's choir was a walk- (Charles "Captain" ]Bqurgdorfer-Chairman president, James little; treasurer, Louis away for Frank Fischer, who was re-elected of the chairmen (a "good sport" to put up Laliberti; recording secretary S. Jones, and without any opposition. The next bout was ilh all nf us). financial secretary and buisinesx manager, for the vice president's chair and wits of Arthur SEhadlng and rank Kanuffman- Charles Cofrey. short duration as ulddy lienoll won the NIraser off ceremlonies (whn can be proud And our former scribe, Brother Hile, decision over Bill Murphy. Then cale a uf tile chairman of the chairmen, the chair- asked to be excused from press secretary, scrap for the office of recording secretary inri and the committee as a whole). so our president, Arthur Ellis, out of a which was won b a omotblemai by m ain by clear sky asked ,mi dr'I the honors. so Bill Conway. Twn other bluts weir rut o ff Advertising and Broadcasts I hope I will satisfy the gang, which will in a short period for the offices of financial he a hard joI. secretary, won by Bill Limpf. and for the Through the c.urtsy of the St. Louis I sure was sorry to hear Brother Bailey radio men, donors, various neighborhood treasurers job. won by Art Land with no decline noiliatlI for executive board, for competition. rewspapers, St. Louis press and- Then the meiibers sat up and he has been on the board sonime time and took notice as the main event of the evening A huge electrical neon sign, made by the was a very faithful worker for both con- was announced, the bout for the healy students of the Best Tube School in the tractors and melbers and I hope his suc- weight title of business manager, between ninted States, the advertising through va- cessor will try to fill his Ishes ..n that job. Paul Maher and the old war horse, Oliver riou, channels--together with your money's Working conditions i, our lIcality have Myers. For the first eight rounds the bout Jily,, 1937 /TheJouiual oi Electri tal Workerps ovd Operators 309

was a daisy as they belh cinI.r.rnl with creased in cost since the contract was let fur I suppose, because the average working man rights and lefts to the balody. I the nlith that job. or woman feels that the ball and chain that the ring strategy of Brother Myers began to The Edison Co. is contetpnllIt nn construct- they had around their neck was rampletely show results as the pobtii began to pile up in iag a twin line of about thL rae' slze and thrown off last April 12, by the WagnR Labor hih favor FrUm thenaIm until the finish capaeity. We undertand tli .ilhath lines will Act, and they feel now that they want to get l [i the thirteenth rtuJTh it was just a qu- got uider way sometime in I hi molth of Set- out and really celebrate. If this spirit doesn't tipn of waiting for a technilal knockuit tember, and, of oNrse. i I No. IS expects fade away before Labor Day rolls around, we which was finlly pait over in the fatal thlir- to control both theseIl joi, If we don't, some- will in a.l probability have the largest parade te ath Broter Mynls won out by a one will know that they hailc had an awful in the history of our local labor movement, jority of SOlle 21} odd rotes. battIle. We are not I(nnte lapltaiLg having ally The correspondence .setion of the JOURNAL and better all the time. A a granld finale a battle royl was staged trouble whatsoever on either of these jobs. seems to grow bigger for the five positions on the executive bna I.. And to the readers of this artile, don't To get a view of the entire country, just read Thirteen candidates thrthrwtheir hats into the coea, illnlire expecting to go right to work, this section of the Jounssr. In it you will read of work being done, also what is being ring and the scrap was on. The scrap see- we ha,' uur awn niembers to takeRare of sawed along until some 401 ballots hall been first. Afte this is done we will then send contemplated in the fat...e , the different eec- chcked, then the favorites began pnUttilg out anl SO.S Mem bers oontemnplntinig col- tri ratesll in different localities, and the or- across their mightiest wallops, and from then ing this way had beLter first comlnuiuiest ganizing eamaiga th.at is taking place over on it became a struggle between the giants. with our business manager before coming. the entire country, All in all. I maintain we winding up with only two votes separating This is a hard burg to get by in; and espe- are making wonderful progress. As don't want to take too much space for the sheel f.roIn the goats. The victors in this clially so if one hasn't s,ue iron men in his I renttt were as follows: Paul Maher, who pocket. myself. will dead end this by making one had egag.d in tile main event. won his ARc 1. U. No. I1 had one t its iiost interest- raquest. I would like to hear from Thomas unre 24. We had R W. Dealy, of St. C(athorines. Ont. Again ,,id try of the evening. receiving the highest ing sessions lust night. Whitey discussion over a subject that in my long thanking the Editor for the spae allowed me. niniibr of votes. 'hen followed J. E. 110oam. Baonere, r.rant Snyder. Elmer Ledford and. carer as a union man I n'eer have heard ,A iimer inll good stand- last Liut not least, Temiic raiha,,a, anything jUSt like it iag took the floor anid reqested the local At the calling of the final ballot Oande- L U. NO. 26. WASHINGTON. D.C. union to write a letter to his en/lpeyer and to moniuni broke loose and it was only by state in the letter that the liuness manager Editor: mighty effort that the president got the gang had nothing to do with organiaing the job he My friends, by the tiae this publication in order long enough to clone the meeting iii ws on 100 lpercent. i A iur previous meet- goes into circulation L.cil Ulnion No. 26 will regular form. It was the best attended iag the business iLanager had so reported.) have placed into olcae the follrwing lImediO meeting of this Iell that your correspond etnt The subjet matte r was right fuflily referred to who will lead us for the next two-year has had the pleasurn If witnessing. there our executire board. adnministration: being over 75 per cnit of the niebera pros- One of htheis that irks me at the hires- Brothers A. P. Nef. president: H. P. New- elil. After the lose (if the .let.ing most of it tinle is this threat that the C. i, 0, holds tan, vice president D &.Rtoadhotse. record- the luey adjourned to Ston's where the bat- over us. Just Umention a subject to omne of rlg secretary; 0. ii Ross,. financia secre- tIe ,as fought all over again. Iowever, all the worthy Brothers, and if it is the least tary; Calvert Lowry, treasurer; C. F. Prel- those who voted got what they voted for. so dilistastful to themi they will ininiediately Ir. hiusines. manaer: K. F. Koegel, E. S. no one had any right to be rlissatistied. threaten to quit our leitimate organsization CornwallI and L. (C. lmer.examnirg hard: Prospects are that Liis localw "ill continue arid afiliate with the nutlawi. Just what con- W. W. Mulligan, N. G. MeKrnew, R. V. morale of to se* markeil improvements il the fidenco can one put i a miaember who continu- Thompson, J. D Bowen and E. G. oss,. its members and with a lot of lood sized jobs all holdr this threat upon. us? Speakgla for exeeutive board. coanit, out of the architect* offles anil lheing miyself, I haven't an oune of confidence in The organization has no dubt that these put in to reality on the grillnd. the boy~ hint, anrd really st.ch iunin .en. as he is are a Aive men will makr no other hasn very, very ought to be happy. I see that the l'Duke" letrim etnt to an honest to-goodnEss organiga- go.d servants and offilers. has fallen ofT in his productiun of "alleged ion; but we will juist have t tolerate ,uh The orlganizatin c.rmiliait te is making ex- erTse, son it behoove. atle Ito et after u"trn fellows as this until the storm blows over. cplilLn progress,t They have at the prescnt ICob Will ie"and see whnht cnn lbe lone to keep whith we hupe woit' lie tooLng. tinm, placed a wedg ite the rants of the the proud name of Toledo onilit map. And no%,. my good friends, it wil soon be newlyrformed unit of the C. i. O. in n:i BiLL CONWA¥. v acation time for yours truly aain. and we jiuirisdiction. thereby not only placing a stop- are conitenplatlng another voryage into the ping block in their path. ht alsRo regaioni high Sierras. the Inest wenderful vacation grinrd that the C. i.I0 had acquired. At the I.. i'. NO. 18, LOS ANGELES. CALIF. spot that I know uf. We may riist thI big preseft time %r h.ave vriuus sign alid oil dlultur: trlS again. as I never seem toget tired look- burner shops virtually sined. The efforts Again it's time to get the copy in to the ing at them. and clnning metholsNur organizer and corn L 0. iow the time does get awanv Now it Our lelegates to thei tilaor Day celebration mittee have put in play have helped to nakle seems just a week ago Ltht we mailed our itit conmittee report more enthusiasm at present possiblie our prorers oIpy. hwever,.here gros and we will di our than bls been shwi in many )ears. This is, For the intoer-t Of mrembers. the followiig

Our ever welcone lntrr.natinnal Vice,re-,4- dernt.Brother ,Aott Milne. was with uS the firt illetinl of Lthb u.ti Ih f Jiuneand, as E}ditor: uaslual. gave us a rlnlly wonderful talk iHe hais the knack of gIttiii a.rid halding the at- May I expre's my appreciation of theI fine tores anr d poeIs ontribtited to our tellttir of his liAslners, our oniy complaint lagazine by "Shappi," the one and only "Shappie," which .nII to niind my first with him is thplt hi duln't come often meeting with him neariIy 30 years ago. I arnried it Vctoria n a hip fro nollu enlulgh, nar does hestay lis lung as wewould ani of curs o a tt, lrid the, first unil meetii g after mLI arrival. 'Rhapie" was oallr like t havha hinm. Bit we know that his is- rerding serreaary. a position which I thinUk he held ho n.er Ianhas is any, ther tilnt is too large fut hul. to put in nIore than official of Lhe i. . E W.i inits histq'rv. Everlyone knew thaht lShappie" wa the heat a liiited amoun t of tile in any one place, recording secretaryp rcinrable and for lilnny. many years none ever crnmitIed the and his presclce is always welcome in L. i. unpardonable lIland*r of nominaltag anfiue lo, replace him, lie miad e all of his No 1. notes in shorthan, ani at the followingalertin g wOuldl read off? perfect transcript My fellow scribe of L. U. No 409, of Winni- of everything which had occurred. peg, Mar.. laments the fact that we comment He wasprobauly the only first class hot-wire man in the Brotherhoodwho was BolInuldier Dam so much. Brother, you also an expert stenographer. At that imae I remember that Shappie" had just have,,t heard nothig yet. And here is the gratified his wandterlust with a trip thoh nld country and alnly interesting places Ibeginingil. SometimaR, shaut the I.no.th if and events were still fresh ii his mind, Shappie and I worked together oIl union Sept~niler,there is due to start much activity eommittees and on thle poles. I saw hii atinder fire during strikes when it was his ietween our city and (excuseme) Boulder sage adicIe aid lpeade .hll which brought complete victory to our cause. ])am. The Southern C alifornia Edison (n.. He is indeed a man's mLan. whose sterling exmple will load sueeding genera- alao our own Municipal, are planning to start tipls of linemln to higherand greater achi1evments. It will soon lie "Shappies' construction on their respective transmission birthday. Ie will bLa 9 years old. I joined No. 84, Atlanta, in 001. and am now lines. We understand the Municipal will be a member of No. 77, Seattle. Greetings to my old friends and Brothers front oast an exact duplicate of the oeR just elnpleted to coast. and especialy "Shappie." L.W. lust October. MAILOW, "Honolulu Slim." The cost of the completed line was more than $22,000.000. The new line will cost as much, if not lore, as materials have in- 310 The Joural of El ctrical lWorkers and Operators July, 1937

We are sorry that we didn't get all the I arrangements made concerning the annual picnic so as to get an invitation to all the boys in the June JOuRNAL, but will do the next best thing and try to tell you about it after the big day. July 17. Locals No. 77 and No. B-741 wish to extend litssiri^C , 4 r -I their heartiest congratulations to President Tracy, the I. 0. offlers and the boys in the New York area affected by the agreement " IA ~Gth the Consolidated Edison System and we hope that they have the beat of relations in all their future agreements with this employer. Here is a bit of news that came to my at- tention while reading the May 22 issue of the Electriol World, and I wish that some- body would inforn me if it is a misprint or r 't I have the big utilities an exeentive big enough to dare make such a statem ent. This is what N this one says: "Under present conditions, no plans can e nonsidorad fully co-ordinatd which do not adrquWtely refloct the rights and interests of CREW THAT WIRED THE VANDERBILT CUP RACE labor as well as of apital, management and theeonaumers, in the operation of utiEity Roseveit Fed, Long Island. last September All are members of L. UI No. 2, with the exception o the math e rear with the soft hat who is the Western Electic Sound MIan companies. The employees of our coanpanies ThI photograph was sent to the Journal by Brother Rober Baker. now, constittute el of the most loyl and ef- ficent forcesg Inrfinof any indutry in the United States. ut this invauable, asset can onl, be retained if or plans proide for names composed the organization committee Brother Schoenfeld, who made his way up fr ?ithenitcnone of satifaetori ivorkinr and will carry on the work indenitely into from Miami. That boy ignores briars, grass, condlllons, adequate secunty and libratI the new administration; such is the procla- trees, and what not-he just craves a coat eompensation." mation of our new local union president. Or- of tan. He can't seem to findii it in Miami. The entire issue of May 22 Electrical World ganization committee: A. P. Neff, chairman; Mike Bambino, of L. U. No. 98, must stand was taken up with articles concerning eo- Samuel Terry, organizer; . E. Korab, rec- in or else is a great handshaker. How does ordination and this statement was made by ording secretary; Victor A. Gerardi, Sr., R. he get that job? Maybe Joe Fife knows. We Ernest R. Acker, president of the Central V. Thompson, E. Johnson and D. S. Road- wonder does Brother Jim still stop at the Hudson Gas and Electric Corp., under the house. President Neff has suggested having Harris Hotel? How about that banquet, Jim ? title, Co-ordinated Planning Imperative.' a pamphlet issued once a month to members We forget the new brand of fish served. If Mr. A.ker really practices this state- so as to inform and keep them in touch with Brother Friggel should hang a number on ment in business, then I would like to send all interests pertaining to the local union. his back next time and there won't be any ob- my regards to a man who is big enough to You will hear more about this issue in the jection to his mode of dress. Fritz has his write such a statement for reading before the near future. own opinion on the subject. E. E. i convention, and to have the only VICTOR A. Gnm*Ai, SR. The Rough Riders are composed of Ed artile on the above subject that took labor Dougherty, Buck Miller, Robinson, 1. France, into consideration. Slim, Mauel and the scribe-and are they IRVINO PAnES. L. U. NO. 28, BALTIMORE, MD. rough? We have to listen to all that static Editor: twice a day and when at home we must turn In perusing these pages we came across off the radio to secure some relief. We are L.U. NO. 145. ROCK ISLAND, MOLINE, an item in a letter from Local No. 177 that contemplating installing at least two extra ILL, AND DAVENPORT, IOWA quite interested us. It seems that a Brother wheels in the rear for the back-seat steering Editor: was greatly honored by the local in celebrat- committee. The boys are greatly interested ing his twentieth year as a member and who in certain spots on the road and they love to We of the Mississippi Valley are still on has been a member of the I. B. E. W. for 37 tarry a bit before winding up at home. the map, even if the P. . has been laying years. This Brother, Louis . Barnes, we Buck Miller is expecting a job outside of down on the job. Since 109 and 145 have learn, was initiated in Local No. 28 in the our line. We wish Buck a good deal of luck been consolidated together, our B. A. has year 1900--uirte a while before our time. At --and we mean this sincerely. been on the jump, as 145's territory is ex- any rate, we wish to add our congratulations R. S. ROsnMAN. tended many miles in Iowa and llinois. to a former Brother of ur local. There is quite a lot of rural lighting under construction, both in the building of power At this time we can report success in or- L. U. NO. 77. SEATTILE, WASH. ganizing the men in the neon sign shops, and houses and lines and then to the wiring this is quite an achievement. It is a great Editor: of farms under the supervision of Brother step forward and dovetails in neatly with our Who is the fellow that went and put the Jack Kreig. The local put on Brother 'Cork" neon school program, It is the real answer, skid greae under the last two months when Winterbottom to help B. A. Woods in the in our opinion, to the problem of what can be wan't looking? Doggone it, anyway. seems discharge of his duties. done for the graduate of the neon class. An as though I just got acquainted with May All the men have been busy for some avenue is opened up whereby the beat, or even when along came June and kind. lilled me time now, but a few big jobs like the dams fairly good, graduates can gradually work into a trance with a nice warn smile and if and the high school and the armory coming themselves into the sign fiheld. she hadn't broken out in a week of tears and to an end, but there are new jobs coming Bill Mahler, of Local No. 26, and formerly woke me up I guess I would not have been up in their places. The boys were lucky in of Local No. 163, Wiles-Barre, wishes to be able to write this short letter. receiving their increase to $1.30 an hour remembered to the boys and would like to see Guess the first thing to say Is that Local without any loss of time. a letter occasionally from the home local. No. 77 and Local No. B-741 have grown so It is with deep sorrow that we of No. 145 Bill reads our stuff when in the proper mood. fast the last year that we found it necessary report the death of our late Brother James We learn that Ed Dougherty certainly can to move to larger quarters. Our new address Leo Sheean. better known to the hboys as take the raps from Buck Miller. How Buck is 1406 Textile Tower, corner Seventh and "Leo" Although he has been ill for the can rap is nobody's business. Olive; phone, SEneca 1744. last two years, yet his passing away was Jack Taylor is a striper of no mean ability. Ther, is a lot of news in the offing but it sudden. Leo was a well liked man by all Ask Herman Hess about the yellow striping wont be in port until the middle of next who worked with him and we will miss him. on his car and what part Jack plays in it, month, so will fill in with what I have. Elec- May he rest in peace. tion of officers is in progres You bet Jack can chew. Who is it that can but it will take The weather man has sure been throwing bum cigarettes until the last of the month to get the final succesfully although carry- the heat on us with the ing a full pack himself? Ask Ed Dough- returns, as we have member scattered all temperature 97 erty; he knows. over wetern Washington and it is impossible degrees, which is not so good to work under Ta.an made his appearance in the wilds to have an election over with in leas than a when there is good fishing. o the Scout Jamboree. None other than our month from the time of nominations. CLEOUo. July, 1937 The Jourval of Electrical WoIrkrs and Operators 311 I

L, U. NO. 193, SPRINGFIELD, very active and outspoken menm- ILL. ber, He has been successful in signing up several contractors Editor: who had slipped from the fold or WE lave bcen so busy around had never "belonged." Also I, this section of the country that keeping the PWA and WPA in ye olde scribe has apparently line. The two latter "institu- fallen down in his duties toward tion'" were somewhat inclined this columin. Nevertheless, hlee to buck the traces in regards to we are aain and pleased to re- our scale and manning the vi- pIort that all our jobs are pro- rious jobs with nun-unin elec gtrssing nicely and all of our triefians, but through the ffaorts men are at work. i of 'GCrand-Pop" these goyern- We are enrlosing a picture of ment agenies did not get to first the new Pillsbiury Mill additioEn, base, although some of the other wlhih with the Allis Chaliners trairs were inot so fortunate. new utit just finished have been All of which goes to prove csn- Iwo of lhe largest industrial elusively that we must have the projects in this section and have close co-operation of every man providd a great deal of work NEW NI NE-STORY, 80 X 180 ADDITION TO SPRINfGIELID MIL" in the outfit, else the efforts of fr Uir i lrbers., one or two individuals will be in Botlihc- Luster Schoening is in vain. And for that reason I'm 4barge of the new Pillsbury Nill Job, which or horseback. The peiak load for wlremen was not running a fever over the C. IO. for consists o, 60 motoArs, totaling i2,010horse- 44 with a deill alr.age of 14 and I dare say the developramits of the past week or 10 power, incldigg one 1,000-horsepower and that the majoiHty of those 14 were as near days tend to prove that they, and they alone, one .100-horsepower motor, and there will physical exhusti',t as any group of men will defeat their own aims. be 95 lighthigg outlets in this eow bu lihg, c.uoId ever be and OLillrenmin on their feet. The outstanding feature of the June which is O80by 180 feet an.i ii ne astorl The only difference itewist lhem and Jimrlhe Wot.K. was the report apropos of the or- gh. -he original mill bui lding was built Braddlock after last Ti/asiy light, was in ganizing of 28,000 workers of the Ctnsor- in 1929 anii con taiin approxinately 5 the financial lay-off We had the medical idated Edlsi System over in the Big Town. ntilers, so with this new addition we have a show in here two yealrs ago but this was the Twenty-eight grand out of a possible total of flour mill f, in nemean proportion ald of first appearance f the car u biiilirs since 40 in one grandui bating average anid goes to whirh we are all duly proud. 1930. Which is a fairly good sign that the show that the 1. O. is sure going to town and The liew rate arsenal building is now al- "re-pre.siOn. is oni it, ignt legs. doii' things. More power to 'en and more most csoipto. Brother Hlerri stattes that Last Monilday was eltgtihOn of oirers and new members as well. h. is now installing the gle..swae en the the following crew was chosen to guide the For the first time since 1929 there was an lixturoe and will soon be ready to put out the diesiny of this oultit Cor thle net two years: ad in the Philadlepia Inqiuirer for linemen- lire andi call the dogs. This inew state buil- President, D. C. Bach; vice president, Milt another sign that the depression is over or ing is one of the many fine things (overnor Knabie; itancial Serl'tary, Bert Martin; else rounding that elusive corner. lomern has eaomplishehd during his term of treasurer, Eddie Koehler; recording secretary At prsertl writing we have all the men at oflice a nl is a work of art and a credit to this and business lanager, "l'aid-Pogl" Cham- work. loiever before this appears in print ommunlity. hers; executive hoard, Otto Ecklund, "Spots" they may iall he starting their annual summer The outside branch of L. U. No. 193I hits Beettel. Eddie Oswald" Gray, "Hlonest siestan. completed egoitin negotiationsw tgreg lesnt Gawgo" Richmond, Frank Camp, Jack Hines The boys arrived back from Florida much with the city light and power deriartmient, and Johnnie Moretti. Examining eboard, enthlusted with the treatment accorded them and the inshide brunch has agreed with the Ecklund, IBuettel and Eddie Martin, Jr. There and the information gained. In a short while contracto that their new agreement will be- was no opposition excepting for the two we expect to have a shop of our own devoted cuIle effective Inuly 1, 1037. boards and there developed a right smart bat- to the teaching of neon work, with the W. R. W.HI.AMS, tie of ballots. The three retirirg members of Florida students in the roles of instrutors. L. J. GLEASON. the old executive hoard are "Dm2" Valentine They all think that they have mastered the Evans, who has moved ff.shore and now de- fundamentals but are in need of a heap more votes all his spare time to gardening or practice, which is io doubt quite true. L. U. NO. 211, ATLANTIC CITY, N.J. mebbleso it's farainig on a nInilrr scale; Louie Man, dear, were we (Cameron, Steckel and Editor: Smith, who forget the date 0f nomination the writer) lucky? We finished the brute on Were Dingenes to return to this good earth night, and Samuel ."Sneks" Ilarvey, who has the oitdoor job, reerred to in the June letter le eoli east aside his lanterr, clap George served for the past 18 years. and then the Austin-contractor went haywire Love tiRiohmnd on the shoulder and exclaii, On July 1 our wage scale is restored to and decided to finish the job himself with the "My search for an honest mall is entred, my $1.50 per hour, 40 hours a week and doule helpl of sone. more rats. A few days later the mission or, earth is done." Andi thereby hangs time for all overtime. We have enjoyed the pronmoter falded up and toak a rui-out a talc that gives me much pleasure to relate. litter working eonditlsns for years, but in Ipowder, leaving the rodents holding the bag. D,.rlI a icies t convention down at the Iig May of 193?, voltn tariily ceopted a 10 per It gladdens this old heart to be able to orate hail. Geeore found a folded $20 ill .n the tcit cut ill hopes of stiiluatilng business. that no union mechanic was stlkh for a celt, tai rway lediniig to our wirerogn in the base- Hoilw well we eeededn is a nli tter of indi- hut quite a few scabs were. The three of us nient anId suroise n that one of the Brothers vidual opinion. But with the return of pros- made a full week. liad lost it. Sure enough. when he reported perity, even though it is but telnpeorary, we We are going to miss "Pep"' Martin on the at the work desk that he had foin d a nlin of thought the time habd come to go after the old pier this season, especially his penchant for nlnney, he le runed that Bill Parson, the asis- scale. So about two months ago the business ice cream cones and softi drinks, lie runs l5lll tolt chief, was all agog or atwitt.r a..r. tile manager and Ecklnnui, chairman of the execu- lRobinson, tile tip dancer, a close second whe, loss of sid twenty, and was he dee-lighted tive board, were (Ifpilitd a ointelnittee of it comos to ice cream. In his place we have to get it back? Ernie Ebe, the hiof, two to interview the legitimnite contractors Bill MeAdam. one of the best boys in the local aniinired thifns up in a brief and concise man- and secure their aigoat rca lignifying their and a brother of Tom, the pride of Mount nor when he said to Richmond, "Well, old acquiescence. (And that's one nr The Copy- Vernon Avenue. timer, ye.n crltainly have renewed y liifith ist.) After little or no trouble from the Must now commune with the re-elected ii nlIy felhllw Den." Bill was extremel luvkyy majority, the comlmtitte was able to return president and find out if I'm to be reappoiinted at that as tilere were several hundred extras a favorable report with the above-mentioned for another term as the scribe for this outfit. engaged ill setting up the show. results. I However,we didl agree to complete Thanks to Hlome for them thar kind words And that just reminds me: For the first 15 all work contracted for prior to June I at the and amI very glad to state that his fears re- days and 13 nights in June we were enjoying old rate. $135 per hour. garding the health of the writer were grou.nd- again tile halcyon days of pre-dipreson ., die In reviewing the last two years, I feel that less. All we need now is plenty of sunshine, to twu huge conventions that invaded the tile four outstantding .aeliOvelieats of the good eats and a heap of sleep, then the old burg. hlte flrst was the Aimerican Medical local are as follows: i(1) Revising the city gray mare will be what she used to be. My Association and second was the American electrical ordinance. (2) The sucessful col- apologies to Dealy, Horne, ahem, the Copyist Associatien ef Railways and Railway Mainu- lection of moneys dlu from loth members and and Iloly. Will answer their personal mis- factsmrre Supply Association, commonlcalled ex-members, particularly from the latter sives just as Seon as we get caught up with the Car Builders. Just four days elapsed be- group. (3) The restoration of the old wage ourselves. Especially to the last two hlnged tween the closing of the former and the open- scale. (4) Last but not least -the organiza- gents. Holly expect. to visit with us in ing of the latter. The last two days were an tion program adopted and accomplished by August and will he find the welcome on the especal grind and at the grand finale this the executive board of the Building Trades mat? Yeah, but it will he turned face down, writer did not know whether he was on foot Council of which our business manager is a unless he changes his tune. 312 The Jou,-,l/ of Electrical Waorkers and Operators July, 1937

Among recent visitors were Jimmie Ma- it is perfictly O. k. with me to be quoted as Yet these employees of our governor are Namara. the Norristown Rambler, Frank authority I ;hatnever in past history, on ally the differene between a 100 per cent union Bennett, the Boston Globe Trotter and Hu- job, have I ever seen lily of the above Broth- job for linemen and helpers, and the present bert Goode. All good men, and we were very ers display m iriy so ruh graeefulne;, condition that exists. Perhaps that is why glad to see them and renew old aciquain- endurance or ..... bition as was extended in our go'ern. r rushed at the first request, these tances. Jimmie, especially, as I have never this contest. Followin much disuussio, boy scout guardsmen to protect the steel in- forgotten his many kindnesses when I broke Brother Weber and wife were given the dustry against its employees. For should the into narrowbacking in January, 1922. Had decision. workers in Youngstown be recognized as a served three months as a helper in a fair- Finally the committee bronldnat that dis- union and demand collective bargaining, his sized shop but had nIo experience on a con- tressing news "That's aII tlil. is; there own hundreds of employees may wonder if crete job anl Jimr's helping hand was rome- isn't any more,." which we all knew meant they, too, could not find some local that would thing never t. he forgotten. Yeah, his nd the ending of another perfert daIly. consider them as eligible. For after all, being old high Potte' , One of the rigid rules of the day and the chief executive of the state of Ohio and Haven't heard from Matt Delany for a evening .was lo tipping allowed." This having several hundred non-union men to coon's age and hope that the old boy is normal had a serious effect on Sehwoeppe, who had hire out to the utilities, and the utilities -if you get what I mean. That also applies established himself s trafflic dirertor in the sonetimes wanting favors from the gover- to Geurge ("Shorty') B.arIard and Jimromie parkingl lot, lull had felled at a very late tors offine, works fine, You sign this con- Aihens, up in Philly. hour to receive any individual contributions tract for my underpaid employees and I will Kindest regards to evvybuddy and hoping from our very ungrateful members for his sign that hill that your millions lobbied that this finds you all enjoying the best of eforts in having the situation absolutely through the legislature. health and all that goes with it, I Ia, as under control They irestill here and after years none of usual, Onme lore I bring out the question, jnst them belong to the union. But they are not BArilIE why do they have press secretaries at this here very long until they join a ertaia fra- time of the year? and I ann positive that by ternal organization and some members of our L. IU. NO. 212, CINCINNATI. OHIO this time you arp asking the same question. oi.al hand out the applieation s, but never a Editor: But I hope that this r E at least to ease one for the union. Oh, no, during the three The good old summer time has reached us up the old sign manl, J4. Flowers, as I rate years of depressed bank conditions a dozen with a bang. According to form over the an oyster supper on hinl this coming seasoi. of our men were laid off while a dozen of past few years, we receive very little warn- Hoping that sonmIof us live long enough these men continued to make learance for ing on the approach of our extreme winter to see the lighting fixtures installed on our union men. Their men were back and new and summer seasons. Right now we are new MeMillan Street Bridge, I remain as faces appeared long before our dozen men experiencing a rather hot period for this before, were back. Do you men of Local No. 245 stil time of the year, but with the exception Tile Cor'viT. think that a little talking to these men about of becoming slightly sluggish, with the feel- unionism is still out of order? If you do, ing of "let George do it," I can take it, if L. U. NO. 245. TOLEDO, OHIO then you had better reconsider it, for these you are asking me. Editor: men have been nonproductive to our cause It causes me to wonder, however, just Heo. hum! Tonight's paper is full of the long nIoigh. .Let'sgo for a 100 per cent job why they have press secretaries at this tine I.ouis-Braddock fight, and, of course. It is with or without Gover.or Davey. of the year. At the present moment I pro-Irish. But the main fight that is taking Since I moved back into the city company harbor the thought that it should be an the country by storm is the fight beween has been rather far and few between, but assignment whieh should carry with it a labor and steel, Here in Ohio the referee of there is one bird whom I always depend upon four months summer vacation. Be that as this main bout is the Ronorable Martin L. to visit me rnegularly. That bird is the stork. it may, we are reasonably busy in these Davey, governor of Ohio. And in order that I have kept him so busy that his legs are worn parts. We haven't much to complain about the laborling men will get a fair decision in off until he resembles a duck waddling around concerning the work program, as everyone this affair he sent 2,500 of the state militia here. But I like storks. seems to be rather steadily employed down to Yunoestown to keep law and order. Ed Endicott, of the Acme Plant, celebrated Without question this condition is entirely This was done to see that labor gets a fair birthday on June 10, and when Ed cele- due to government activity. If Uncle Sam chance. When this man slipped into oeffe in brates he don't fool. Bill Witt, while motor- were to suddenly fold up all projects now that great Democratic landslildof a fewyears ing with the rolsus, tied with a taxi. Bill is unner way, we would once more be thrown ago, the first thing that he did offiially was hack to work while Mrs. Witt is still con- into the unemployment rut which we to solicit funds through the Ihools of the valescing at their home. The press secretary emerged from a little better than a year ago. state from the children of these workers ill wishes you a speedy reovery. Mrs. Witt One A few of our traveling Brothers are still Youngstown as well as the rest of the state, of our younger members has been confined with us and things seem to be breaking for $1,000 to buy a thousand-doIar rug for to the hoispital for several weeks due to an fairly good for them also. his new office. Injury to his hand. Brother Frank Steankley I have had the pleasure and privilege of Who is this Martin L. Davey? First, he is is the boy with an iron constitution that will close contact in my work with Brothers the son of the man who founded the Davey srn in behack with us. Hello, what's this Cawein., Flick and Murray, all out of No. Tree Expert Co., at Kent, Ohio. Martin in- among my notes? Well, well! Louis F. Sher- 648, Hamilton, Ohio, and sincerely hope that herited the business, Today he is the head tinge, has moved again. He and Marvin conditions continue which will warrant pin of the Daery Tri Co. that has a tree- Brunner are eonsidering gettlng a trailer their being with us indlefnitely. as they are wrecking crew in practically all the larger together. That would make them both easier surely three swell guys. cities in Ohio, who trim the trees that clear to keep track of anyway. His new change in That we at all timer are equal to the the lfin that Inion employer, of the different address: Old-Bx 137,. Millbury. Ohi. New occasion in providing entertainment for utilities build, Here in Toledn, Mr. Devry address--2124 Forest Ave., Toledo, Ohio, those of No. 212 who choose to partake was maintains a large crew of his expert tree Another member that I just caught up again brought out on Juno 12 at our annual wreckers who, should they become too with is J. E. Mecloin, old address912 W. outing. A family affair, well attended and friendly with the union men, are Immediately I)eaware. New aldrdess-770 Prouty Ave., a beautiful day all combined to cause every- transferred to some smnler town for fear Toledo, Ohio. thing to click perfectly. Many agreeable that they, too, may organize. The Nelson Onur agrment has been signed and we surprises planned by a very able committee Tree Destroying Co. divide, the work so that have weighed anchor on our 1937 cruise. the brought the day to a close entirely too competition exists to throw off any desire of first vacation that the most of us ever had is quickly, but not to be so easily coneted either group to .udleaiy get the idea of eo- included in our new agreement along with a out a large portion of the crowd remained lective bargaining, small increase in wages. The general topic well up into the night before deciding to The foremen of these two crews are alert of conversation today is when and where are start on their homeward journey. at all times as to the mixcing of their men. we inspending our vacation? The most intereoting feature of the day The first to offer their ears and erviees i, a Unleso at the mailing of this Jaon.An sev- was the prize dance, which certainly caused storm to haul union men to a job, or should eral of our employees who have never been the judges much concern, as it was closely they need rain coats. they never fail to sug- affiliated with union labor are now members, contested by many real performers. The gest that their ear is available. The union watch this column for a special feature difficult point was reached after, through man who patronic them. have their own men story. elimination, only three couples remained on laid off and these mean put to work in their EWAIID E. Di)esluI.- the floor, C. Weber and wife, Harry Becker plaee trimming trees. Have sen these men and wife and Jimmi. Cox dancing with ou t t night luring a storm, when doens of DIAMOND-SHAPED Johnnie Gysin's wife, whom Jimmie sue- BUTTONS union men were at home and available. Have To wear in your caeded in smuggling into the contest. Opin- known all coat lapel, these years that these tree trim- carry the emblem and in- ions differ as to which couple should have mer have been approached through their slnia of the I. B. E W. been declared winner and if Ir might be per- foremen to organize. The men themselves are mitted to express mine it would he that the afraid to talk about it and will avoid you for Gold faced and hand- three ]lared equl honors. I might add, and fear of a transfer. roely oenameled $.5 L. U. NO. 302, RI( H}IOND, CALIF. ready for a member wih , Ii reports out L. U. NO. 326, LAWRENCE, MASS. .t work. He nust have bitlity to defe'nd Editor: Editor: hilmslf on all occasions., sica~i.lly and I am sorry to report at this time that Sen- Pleaese ppilish the following in, the JilI olherwise, .and harevanple i. iience toI get ate Bill 125, which was designed to license ~EIcrarCaL WORKCEaS' ,lt}{RNAr,2 ell em bers out of any kin of trouble at ceale spliers, linelen, operators, statioln To All Northern California Eldetrical iil I.rios, no matter how srqi ias the trouble electricians, motormen and operators in M-a- Workers' Locals is. lie must have suiflcient unenEumberIl seLhusett., was defeated by one vote in the real estaIt,' I,!) to be in ap oition to sign Massachusetts State Senate. The vote was - operr,"al bed. lie alsol should carry 1 against toIS for. One Senator voted ile The Northern (niJ'for tin doit .xecuiitve Ithe medbeirs ont. one Senator was not present and the Board annual pianic will be held at Alvalriad soutH hamrs for ineals, tir enoughi ready cash toinnhii eet car fare, chri .man did not vote. So, out of a poss ibe Park, Richmond, Calif., Sunday. July IS, 11937. lod,(ln~ ii.c nleas gin yes, lirs Mine, tobacco, i, votes we were able to secure 18. Your members, their families and firiedIs thcalerpmoney and( tihos th in arc cordially invited ton tterd. gs too dumr- The fight for the enactment of Senate Bill ous to mentiln, such as shinhg cheeks. 12, was led by Senator Jiames P. Meehan, of AlvaraoePark ha a splendid dliance floor, buying drinks and fare for he bal giame Lawrence,i. and he was ably assisted by Senan plenty of shade, water, space for games and lie muet furnish his iwiL cur carrym i-to, Frank D. Babcock, of Ilaverhill, Senator spiorts, and tables for all barbecue pits if hbrs to different jobs anl ba o lytphl,hoi Thomans ii. Braden. of Lowell, and Senator dashe~id. in liis hlouse, and misit keeP himselfhi nj vilaal Edward C. Carroll, of Boston. Tables will be reserved in groups for each able to the membership at all local. Please advise Committee Chairman I~tin~sRepresentative Edard Siroib, of I.awrence. led the fight in the Hiouse of Representatives Cirl Gossler.550 12th St., Richmond, Calf, Round Two at later thlian Jtly 15 how many tables will The following Senators voted for Senate he required for your loeal. e moust keep hihsf pi t'Med s· aI r.1 111 125: David M. lrockamn. Thomas M. Eich locoa should appoint a committe to know where every ire.t ir can be loated LBurke, Eugene P. Casey, Albert Cole, Walter ,ilhit .merchandis iiteos for gate prizes, and on a minute's notice Ie n] at be capable IL. Condidint, Eugene I,. irous, William P notify your members of the time and place. of defendinbg I nelir betort all employers. (rant, James W. Ilennigani. Joseph P. Mc- Beer and refreshmlens will be erved on even when said mentor, ie foery, James P. Meehan. Frank D. Babcock. the groands by the como itteeO nodconessions a good cause, arid fkorce Nh.e employer to rhonlaas H. Braden. Charles G. Mils, Michael to outaidePs maintain men in emrprloymree t,, whether he H. Seio, Chester T. Skibinski and Bernard .1 There will be muire, dlancini, sports and wants them or nt, lie noinit be able to Sullivan. games, collect all wages for menlin r, whihC- The vote of the coinlmittec as seven Those wishing to dlance should keeptickets scuioliotIs scruples forbid indlividuals to ask against and five for, three not voting. that will be given out ,t the gate. These for themselves. When sem ingm a ineher Senator Corneius F. 1aley, chairman of ticketLs ill pass you into the dance hall. out on a job he should have .fieent vision Bdthecommittee, did not vote for or against i, There will be a sevn-pitce orchestra from 2 to pive said menal r ilhe er: remumber of the ommilttee report blit opposed Senate Bill to I p.im. days the job will lat. the aImoutit of over- 12U in the Senate. TiS IS VOITR PICNIC{ The committee time he should mniake, when they pay. ho Senators Babcock, nf ayvershill Carroll, of is makin g a special effort that you have a many ldays they h/d back and how the Boston. and Bradedn, of Lowell, and Repre- good time. Tirinig the gang andl have a grand pusher ii to work fCr; atso p whether they sentatives Irain. of lnstin,, and Gihiiartin. of get- ogether. pay in cash or check. andi if ,y choclk shou] Fitclhburg, dissented from the eommittee's Imohniber the date., Sunday.. July 18, 1937, Ia. theI ank chiarg e o, ill nut-of-town LI't Alvasadeti Park, Richnii.n.d, Calif. checks so the poor mieulher will st Io The committee in charge of Senate Bill 125 Will be seeing yotJ thei! HTe must visit thesik, pIuitl ast forickets doesi it as yet attually know who voted b1tethell lagainsot Senate Bill 125 in the Ilouse of Rep- Fraternaly.. . all bazaars. pinni-s, lIexin g y Yotii CoMMKTT~i'i Wdf' charity baill and at iher worthy irbentati es, but they believe that neither causes from his pesaninl fitti. w'hicab Representative Dooley. of Taunton, nor Rep- klvarado Park is a rile are rather miai1 who ylie is or the resenLative Coyne, of lsetn, voted' either for 1I5 nliles from. 31artln... leirlilt.iblp pay roll. or againOt the bill. 2.4 miles from Canrquin¢' Bridge. Local No. 14 wasassured of the support of .83 miles from Opkland. Round Three riepresentative Coyeno i ftact, John F, 2 iley from Oakland Bay Bridge O'Neill. business manager of Local No. 326. 7 miles from San Rafael Ferry. ile llist keep Jost.ld as I rconditionr of xan present when Coyne promised Johnny Alvaraod Park is past of San Pablo Ave.. work in all cities in the in ited Stat. s. ad O'Keefe, past preident of loal. No. f04,that .ne mile south of the town If San, Pabiio. The be pqrsonally aluaJlitIled withall business he wouhl support Senate ill 125. park is about one-hiaf mlie from San Pablo liLnaagels and secrotarirs of other local Why Dooley opposed the bill is a mrystery Ave. There will be a sign at lthe oilt that uniinis, groas to insure pror pt acceptance to the license committe, yo will ifollow to the park. of all traveing cards, have a job for the Thoe who voted against Senate Bill 125 hT,-se coming from San Jose and south miember and his hotel rIoii reserved hen were Arthur F. Blanlchard, Lawrence Curtis should get to Broadway, Oakland, and turn he arrives. He nust have a Angier L. Godwin, James A- Gunn, Arthur W. lHol{s, Mrs. Sybil 11i, liones, Jaris ]]unt, onto San Pabio Ave., following San Pablo sitlen be posted ,n weathe conditions o himas ii. Johnson John D. McKay, Wil- Ave, until you linme to the sign to the park. an to be able to tll in ad van ie whether the ainm If, McSweeney, George G. Moyse, Donald For those eomlng from Stockton antd soth, snn will shine or whliether it will travelo the city of Martiies, then thehrouh rain or W. NicholsEon, Ediard 11.Nuttin, Edmund S. snow. lie mIust kierp postnd H.arris Franklin Canyon. Go south on San Pabilo ion all etrrent Oppenheimer. Theodore R. Plonkett, Ave, until you comI to the s/in. 4senIs. know how to dlive or fix any car S. Richardson and Cornelius F. Ihaley, Sen;- From Vallejo and north, cross Carquiziz beluaIinn to an'y one of lhe mlemnhers if tar for Rawley and chairman of the coinmit iridge, Stay n nlaiiI highway until you they should have any troaili otith tar,c and to tin state nniirtio n. cemnt to the sJin. how to get the best r-ilt Is rorn. radios .id Senator Joseph P. Dnnihue,. of Boston, Frmni San Rafael, crnss ftrr, travel on .axophones. lie must keep well posted Idony~~dIton voldii n present. lie would Irot vote.. Rfor or Stoandard Ave. to Garar. Bl]vd. Turn north all sporting events, hand itlng tips aga st the bill orn Garrard until you come to nacdonald Ave. Senator Edwin L, elandde was int present, on the stock market, h.rere -aces, diog acsdrraces, but the committee was given to unadlerstand Turn east nn IlMacdoninild Ave,, follow Mae- hail games and now what t Iunlhler Cuba dnahld Ave. to S.n Pahol Ave. Turn north di Cubae thiL lie was sick,. but that if he had ,len on Sa.n Pablo Ave. until you come to the sign will throw also wha thIler'i eaury balane pIresent he would have voted for Senate o theepark. will Ie, lie musIt know wh o the best doc Bill 125. Fraternally yours,. tots, lawy.ers and]loan shark Iare. Tie ust Senator Joseph La.nI , oifBnston, and CAiL GossisE.L tike all insults fronm all inte ibers and earn Senator Edward( C Carroll, of Boston, were to like it, for they seem to think that is paired in favor of the bill. what they pay him for. Ifi bsii -nessmona- Seiator Joseph R. Cotton and Senatr L. i. NO. 308, ST. PET1'ERSBIIURG, FLA. e r can do all these th inl in addition to Newland H. Holmes wi-re paired against the gettirig a losetl chop .ow in with better bill. Life of a Business Manager in Three ith a mile on Senator Samuel II.I r'agg, president of the Rounds wages anid shorter hours, hi s fac, moas of the ,lb era will say he Senate, did not vote. SuaiLe Bill 125 -nnp nut of thie committee on state adlininistrati Round One is i doaf anti dumb husiier "reportedr unfavorably." shouid be defeated at our Ilex ~clnn.~rail A business manager is supposed to be a ltin. Representattve Rolan.d D. Sawyer, of Ware, alan who i capabl if creiting g jbhs for the *Yi. ,usinessn lanagesr eoee ouind and round, who by the way. is a minister of the church. mn..nIership when there are none to be had. Vo, IIo, Ho, Oh! led the fight in the HIIse of Representatives I must be especially fitted to have a job W. T. Rast . opposing our license hill. It seemed strange 314 The Journal of Electrical likers and Opex a tors ?July, 1937 NO HELP FROM THE local well as a mvmlbfer and Offcr over a long GOATS! periud of yeil OU. if his ,isdom,and sin ceriy of IrIe.. e, btteier rirkilg conditions anl prngres. have been made. He was a ieep thinker and a tireless, conscientious ,orkrr for bittormeit of his fellow trades- men, lie had an invaluable wealth of knowl- edrge in our fold that has helped guide us through some trying times. Ie was a "wire- man" of the old school, and while I am a young man myself I deeply respect and ad- mire the viewpoint and counsel offered by those men who pioneer, sarified, strug- gled and fought through the early stages of the lbhor movement, that we might have the benefits we enjoy today. My ambition is that I nla' serve as well as these mnen have served, ul wihen the time arrives, I hope that my uion Brothers can say of me, ar we now say of those who have passed on, "Weli done, good and faithful ser- vant. May you rest in peace., I hate to mar the sentiment attached to the foregoing paragraphs, but I want to con- vey the true situation here in regard to em- ployment for electricians. True, Miamf is enjoying a splendid building program, but there are plenty of men here to do the work. The steady influx of those desiring to live here for reasons of health, tet., makes it risky for anyone to come down here expect- ing to work any time soon. We have a bad open shop" battle on now and we have plenty of good "'old tier.s" ad "h'borne boys" who am waiting for a chance to get to work. C. O. GCRM.

L. U. No. 409, WINNIPEG, MAN. Editor: Having made the honorable mention col- to us that a man who teaches charity and love umn in Ply last letter to you and no come- I claim to understand something about radio backs from our southern friefnds, my Broth. of God and who is known throughout Massa- but was at a loss to explain natures master- ren of Local No. 409 have instruted me to chusetts for his liberal views on labor ques- piece, the human brain. He thinks the radio continue on as press eeretary for the time tions. would lead the fight against us, when past comprehension but nature's handiwork aU we are seeking is protection of our lives being. is nothingE Regarding the comeback re the cheapest s 'that we can be reasonably assured that So I look out again at the mountains. It electrical power rate on this continent is in when we leave home in the morning we have is night now and the distant peaks, 10, 15, 20 a fair chance of returning to our families, miles away, shine Winnipeg. I have not had one letter doubt- with an ethereal light in the ing ..y atetments, therefore I reckon that I and also to guarantee the public that only strange eerie radiance of the northern lights. must have squelched my southern friends or experienced ad well trained men will work It will not get any darker and in a couple as cable splicers, linemen, operators, meter- else they are still looking for their figures. of hours a rising sun will again tint the Well, here is where I believe that top notch men and station electricane,who will guar- peaks far to the northeast. The nights are ant service to the pulbli at all times that record busting local No. 409 is again leading very short in this latitude. But now the all other 1. D. E. W. locals. We put will reduce to mininutn the hazards of elec- northern lights are really on a going into their memhership campaign and I am telling the tric service. dance. From the zenith to the horizon the world But the supporters of our license bill should that when we northern wire pullers whole sky is aflame with weaving draperies go after anything we got it, not be down-hearted, for we are cnloing ha.k of light. Now steely white, now crimson, next year fighting harder than ever to put Since the first of the year we have initiated now gold. Not for a minute do they remain 19 new members Senate Bill 125 "over the top." "Pop." and still have plenty to the same. It seems that all the rarified gases come. This represents an increase of over 34 of the upper atmosphere are charged with per cent in our membership. LU. NO. electricity. All the neons in Now how are 348. CALGARY, ALTA. the world we doing? We would like to know if any P.radise Valley, Lake Louise. Alts. could not duplicate this display, and it goes other local can beat this record of good on above and around me with no Editor: noise., no steady progress without anything exceptional This evening as I sit in this cabin high up effort, no ballyhoo, accompanied only by an to promote membership. Of course, we re- in the Canadian Rockies, 6.00 organ obligate of whispering pines, droning alize that there might feet above sea torrents and the be some locals which level, the going down of the sun tint, with treble of tumbling rils. have just aken in some new shops or amal- fiery radiance a dozen mountain peaks and I Nature does things in a big way on this gamated locals which would give North American continent. themn, a large watch with interest the reactions of the half- Niagara Fails, increase. We mean good steady inreae. Grand Coulee dozen people working here. One man. a ear- with its Dry Fallas, the Grand If this record is not broken I Canyon, Muskoka, will endeavor penter, has been asking me questions about Yellowstone Park, the to have the members of Local No. Reokie-every state ad every provine has 409 write electricity. I have drawn his attentin to a small booklet on the best methods of ob- the distant peaks which a few moments ago something worth seeing, yet we still go and taining new members for your local. were pouring their molten gold in gorgeous gape at a few stones a few hundred years old We have just had an election of ofcers in and cascades into the darkening valley. They are some European capital. Man swaggers in the following members were the elected: Preis ,owa deep crimson and faster than my pencil presence of his own handiwork, but na- dent., E. Cordor vice proidont, R S. Wil ture can write they have changed again through has toiled here for a hundred million Iams; recording secretary, I. Hosfield; fin- deeper reds into purple and blue as the velvet years and man is awed into silence and rev- erence. The human ego ancial secretary, C. Watkins; treasurer. H. mantle of night spreads a canopy across the shrinks and man is Pullen; executive committee-H. Bradley but an atom. T. C. DaW. valley. There is no moon hut soon a million (Tranicona), C. Cobb (Fort Rouge). stars will stab the sky with steely radiance I will venture to say that you will not meet filing the narrow stretch of sky to over- L. U. NO. 349, MIAMI, FLA. a more congenial and apable body of men flowing. Editor: running the affairs of any local on this con- But the carpenter, poor mortal, sees not In the passing of our late Brother, Prank tinent. This ia borne out by the fact that the this beauty but bemoans the fact that there Thompson, this local union and organized officers elected were practically all re-eleCted. is no radio in the camp. He thinks the radio labor have lost a true and loyal member, This is also an Indilation that they have the wonderful, mysterious, and seems suspicious a man with true union principles and eour confidence of the members. Our rmeetings of my sanity when I state that the only won- age to stick to themn regardless of persecu- are well attended and one has to come early derful thing about radio Is the human ear, tion and various adversities. He served this in order to obtain a good seat. Our auditing i FRATERNITY OF THE AIR

Boys, here is our growing list of I. B. E. W amateur radio stations:

FRATERNITY GROWS BY COMMUNICATION BnUC, H GANuUNC. WaIYL

1963KC H. E. Owen Angola, N. Y. W7AG Bill Campbell Seattle, Wash. 2KDY Morris Lieberman Brooklyn, N. Y. WIAKO Kenneth Straehn Billin s, Mont. 9BDT Richard Carle Terre laute, Iad, W7BHW H. A. Aggerbeck TOlt, Wash. N2HZJ Walter G. Germann New York City W7CPY R. Rex Robert Roundup, Mont. N6IAH S. E. Hyde Los Angeles, Calif. W7CT Les Grouter Butte, Mont. N7RBEH Norman Arnold Seattle, Wash. W7DXQ Al Eckes Miles City, Mont. WiAGI W. C. Nielson Newport, R. I. W7DXZ Frank C. Pratt Tacomna, Washl W1DGW Melvin L Ilill W. Springfield. Mass. W7EQM Albert W. Beck Big Sandy, Mont. W1FJA Frank W. Lavery Somerville, Mass. W7FGS C. A. Gray Walls Walls, Wash. WIINP Eugene G. Warner East Hartford, Conn. W7FGZ Walter Partlow Great Falls, Mont. WIIYT Henry Molleur Dracut, Mass. WIFMGW7FL Geoffrey A. Woodhouse Wolf Creek, Mont. W2AMB Fred W. Huff Woodbridge, N. J. W7FMG F. E. Parker Rockport, Wash. W2BFL Anthony J. Samalionis Elizabeth, N. J. W7FWB J. Howard Smith Wenathee, Wash. W2BQB William E. Kind Bronxu, N. Y, C. W7GG Gee. D. Crockett, Sr. Milwaukie, Greg. W2CAD Paul A. Ward Newark, N. J. W71I Sumner W. Ostrum Mdilwaukie, Oreg. W2DXK Irving Megeff Brooklyn, N. Y. James E. Williss Dieringer, Wash. W2GAM L L. Petrasek, Jr. Newark, N. J. Raymond Jelinek Detroit, Mich. W2GIY John C. Muller Bronx, N. Y. C. WiANB Carl P. Goetz Hamilton, Ohio W2HFJ R. L. Petrasek, Jr. Newark, N. J. W8AVL E. W. Wanton Rochester, N. Y. W2VHHA Seymour Meld New York City W8DHQ Harold C. Whitford Hornell, N. Y. W211Q W Jack Krinsky Brooklyn, N. Y. W8DI E. E. Hertz Cleveland, Ohio W2HZX Joseph Trupiano Brooklyn, N. Y. WSDME Charles J. Heiser Auburn, N. Y. W21IPR S. Kokinchak Yonkers, N. Y. WBEDR W. 0. Beck Toledo, Ohio WV2SMVY2 S M James E. Johnston New York, N. Y. WSGHX H. E. Owen Angola, N. Y. WIJB William N. Wilson Philadelphia, Pa. WSIYL Bruce H. Ganoung Olean, N. Y. W4ROE C. T. Lee Birmingham, Ale. WSKCL Charles J. Heiser Auburn, N.Y. W4BSQ S. L. Hicks Birmingham, Ala. WSLT J. II. Melvin Rochester, N. Y. W4CItB R. W. Pratt Memphis, Temn. Albert S. Arkie Weston, W. Va. W4CVL C. W. I/owd, Sr. Wetumpka, Alia. W8ODX Archie Williams Toledo, Ohio W4DHP Albert R. Keyser Birmingham. Ala,. W9ASW J. Oigard St. Paul, Minn. W4DLW Harry Hill Savannah, Ga. W9BRY Maurice N. Nelson Rockford, Ill. V 4D I. XV John Calvin Genslen WW4DLX 4nJ x Charlotte, N. C. W9BXG F. N. feichenecker Kansas City, Kans. W4JYXV4 L I. J. Jones Birmingham, Ala. W9CCK John 3. Noonan Chicago, Ill. L. C. Kron Birmnningham, Ala. WODBY Kenneth G. Alley Marion, Ill. W4SE C. M. Gray Birminghan, Ala. W9DMZ Clarence Kraus Kansas City, Kans. WSABQ Gerald Morgan San Antonio, Texas W9ENV G. G. Fordyce Waterloo, Iowa XVW5ASD SEAP Frank A. Finger Farmington, Ark. W9ERU Eugene A. Hubbell Roekford, 111. W5RIIO D. It. Calk Houston, Texas W9EZO Vernon E. Lloyd Rckford, Il. W5CAP William L. Can.e San Antmonio, Texas W9GVY E. 0. Schuman Chicago, Ill. Carl G. Schrader Pine Bluff, Ark. W9HNR Ceo. E. Herschbaei Granite City, Ill. WSEAR F. H. Ward W5FGC Houston, Texas W9JPJ F. N. Stephenson Waterloo, Iowa WSEXY H. R. Fees Oklahoma City, Okia. W9MEL lHarold S. (Mel) Hart Chicago, Ill. WSEYG L. M. Reed Oklahoma City, Okia. WONYD Elmer Zitzman Roxana, IIi. W5FGCWSIC Milton T. Lyman Corpus Christi. Texas W 9P NHI Frank Riggs Roekford,Ross,"n Ill.111. WSFGQ H. M. Rhodus San Antonio, Texas WORBM Ernest O. Bertrand Kansas City, Mo. W5FLF Joe E. Waite Albuquerque, N. Mex. W9RCN Darrel C. Priest Jeffersonville, Ind. WSJC J. B. Rives San Antonio, Texas W9RRX Bob J. Adair Midlothian, Ill. W6AO11 Francis M. Sarver Los Angeles, Calif. WORYF S. V. Jennings New Albany, Ind. WsASZW6EVF Earle Lyman Long Beach, Calif. W9S Frank Smith Wvaterloo, iowa W6CRMW 6 F V William II. Johnson Lynwod, Calif. W9SMF Alhbert H. Waters Alton, Il. W6DDP John H. Barnes Pacifie Beach, Calif. W9S00 Barry V. Eyring Kansas City, Mo. W6EV Lester P. Hlammond Hollywood, Calif. W9URV S. F. Johnson Chicago, Ill. W6PWM Victor B. Appel Los Angeles, Calif. W9VRF John Morrla] Chicago, Ill. Roy Meadows Los Angeles, Calif. W9VLM Harold Fleshman St. Joseph. Mo. W6HLK Charles A. Noyes Bever HBills, Calif. W9VXM J. F. Sheneman Somerset, Ky. WOIBX Frank A. Maher W6IIOBx Los Angeles, Calif. WFYMF A. G. Roberts Chicago, 11. Rudy Rear Las Vegas, Nov. W9YWT Garnet J. Grayson Chicago, Ill. W61AH S. E. Hyde Los Angeles, Calif. W6TBX Barney E. Land Hollywood, Calif. Canada WGNAVW6LLJ Damon D. Barrett Los Angeles, Calif. VE2AHZ Thomas Yates Beaverdams, Ont. W6LRS Ralph II. Koch Los Angeles, Calif. VE3GK Sid Burnett Toronto, Ont. W6MGN Thomas M. Catish Fresno, Calif. VE4ABM E. K. Watson Lethbridge, Alta. W6NAV Kenneth Prie, San Diego, Calif. VE4EO W. R. Savage Lethbridge, Alta. 316 The Jouul .! rh ctkoa I ir/ ro rf-id ( )pcroors jtd!4, 1937

committee reports that we are in a good L. U. NO. 429, NASHVILLE, TENN. of the executive board. W J. V'ulIli.a .Y sound financial position. Our memlber are Editor: I~inon,am Lwls.J. L. E~NJames aggressive and right on their toes. Anothe trh and much has happened- Stan sell.i C . MauInell anid I' rs..idoilt G. And here is another record, all our mem- F'irt must ie itl.l-pited the fiah fIy itl (0- FurakeL a~ tii]mkrnan of the ,oard; examhin ig bers have beeb back to work for over a year. lumbia, to whicih tie ioys invited u. Like bonard,. 1. 1

[ niost instances unskilled and office work- way's representatle will he Brother Charles providing anchorages for this 135,000,000 era 'il I outnumber eraftsmeln iani. it ,ui ld Iart. Brother Finley will represent the pound structure and for the cables that appear that IIasa trade unionist he can hope electrical distribution departnient. support the bridge. On each shore the an- for no representation on arbitration hoards. BLrother loward itegett was re-elected ehorages were divided into three sections, What is he to doT? Can it be that hi must prosilent arii Brtlhi r Elliott vice presiden't. the base block, anchor block and weight bhecone a meelber of a company or an indus- e expeii hy th, n,,e sse to be able to block. trial organizaLion in orderL to get reprp ntba- report sati' fac LJ itlec agreements for The roclk in whieh the anchorages rest tioi ? I hope not. hiolh local atilitile was cut in a series of steps into the solid The (C. 1. 0.seems to be verb ipopI lr R. E. NOONAN. rock. Conrete wats poured into these ox- with the powers that be in Canada. Is the cavations and keyed these blocks itto the guvernment grdig to force craft sre into an i. U. NO. 526, WATSONVILLE, CALIF. rock-reek. industrial organization? It is my fervent Editor: Each caebl has a separate anchorage and hope that the Minister of Labor will realize The Golde GCate Bridge is done and is contains 64.000 tons of eonerete, or 128.000,- what the present stand of his investigators the greatest p ifell from the bridge. In eleTllhtr, iOr nemnlers with this iiTLenniy six wires high on biothi sides of the main all. only II lives were lost during the nearly are e'lf.ed itl Ilie turn of evnts aned are highway fromn an:,adn to Mexico. five years of construction. busily engaged ill rallaitg ai,, uerencnt The concrete seld iil hiildiing the bridge The 109 sodiuml vapor lamps on the span whilh will hav bee,, presented before this would build two conicrete sidewalks 10 and its approaches light the bridge without gs U .pliress. Blothers Hart, laynier, Ilieks, feet wide frot (0linha, Nlbl., to Chicago, glare. The standards are 25 feet high anid Scihroeder, Douughnul and probhaly aiozeni or would eiual the dliplacemrent of 10 bat weigh about 1,400 pounds each and the pow- other. were istrumental in holling the tleships. and the ll.ilner used for the various erful and penetrating lamps only consume 40 per ship i i straightt cuurse oeer heavy seus. purposes wouldi build 78 fIve-room bunga- cent as much current as a Mazda All of thflt stre-t railway hioys Ieserve credit lows. lamp. The bridge has the longest irl tItii )i-rsevelai lanid whl]h in few wert A s-even-trinlnconntive is buried in the span and the selsiek. oneo "juntopd ship." northern pier. When tihe pier was being tallest towers of any bridge ever built by Thl ('or s olielatedGas & Elctic Ca, of poured, this locohmotive was o, a slippery man. The aInouut of steel is over 100,000 this city, is at thil timle studying the agree track. The brakes failed, the engineer tons. imiet which Vire President Milie presenterid jumlp'd anild the locnlotive pnluiged 110 feet It is an achievement that by surmounting oie of iniuoi-s notable barriers for us seve al week agoe. Th err is; every intt the ahButmiint. ms-ks a step r.e±stir to believe t this aIso ,a l lie it was impossibhe to rWeover the train. in the progres.. and development of the Itg,]. ansbil foire you trad this. so the pouring of the concrete was continued Western Empirel. P. C. MACKAy. rhe eleectrtilans* liaeball ieam, t.imadeupll dt heillengir anid {lra al imbelrded there of ,llenhlirs of No E-465 and No 56!, ha L.. U. NOl. 595, OAKLAND, CALIF. art uiTemi-hed record in the Initon The ,eirtan 's luslFi InsuIariceCo., who Editor: llll,l}{aseball fll L intgue. 'e hihay( ,, 1,,th'aI rn, every Feld the insurance on Ltlh enginie and cars, Just a few lines from Oakland Local No. ta, ii the league., and it Inlks Hehi a dead paid for them and t is their contribution 505, It hns been some time sin e oi r local ciileh for the per, 'It. Itn fat. it 1,, lk~ very to the strenidfh and sl.abilit of the bridge, has had an article in the JOURNAl, so I was lhiah as if we will fnish the ~a.n with The Golden Gate Bridge is the only major asked to write and let the world khow we aph~ercen~taLn.ef 11000. pubic project cort truct r ill roen t years were still doirig business at the saile location We hbad arther dlarue early in the mnnth. without federal aid. In steid, it contributed -which is 1 I1 (;rove St. anid hi ilding aIll a lilarc tunmut rearriie the ladies more than li$500.000 to nplaements in mili- meetings in the second and fourth Fridays or their ffort A delicate bileird of hlim- tary reservaions aidjoining the iridge. of each month. burger choese, rye hread and beer per farted The britrge was pined on May 27 and In the lsl Ltwoyearn the local has inad. the air, aildin a rlo uian tti'n , h to the oly pedestrians were alloed to cross on wonderful progress in the line of organiza- festivities, that day. More tlla, ilO,000 persons walked tion in this district, through the work of our Btrother it WXneiIl is variisttelng iii the across that day. Tie next ilay 80,000 autuo e-businessm ninager. Brother Caillae , who, last and will return by boat via the l'Pana drove across. a..l it wan my pleasure to be by the nay, as you no doubt know, has been ('anal, in one of that nimer. I did not go over takern fron US ald put to work by the I. 0. in Brother Plinley ha. been deported to Es- until !:30 that night, because it is 90 miles all of the ilnth dlistrict, We all wish him the crodido, holding the fort for sein of the froI. here to San Frlci..c. u rnd I mtade the best of hick and succeet. men taking vacations at this time trip after work. Now that the two bridges across the Brother Convili has been laid up with While the bridge is dsliged to stand a Goklen Gate aind San Francisco Bay are com- asprained hack,but is coinris lll n iu good wind pressure of 90 nlats ain ))our, it is not pleted atid work on the fair of lbi9 has not shape- very likely that it will ever have to do so, gottel uniIer way to any extent, work is not lIrothr Elfers is still on the shelf with a, the reords show thilat the highest wind the moat plentiful broke ankle and will noht s,e active velocity has lever hen ...Inlr. than 50 miles At the presia n tie the trouble between serV tee for ste]ial more week. per houlr. Ihe soielh lower is Ilocated 1.00 the A. F. of L. and the C. I. O, is causilg sBrothe r Ia gie regrets to reip.r that he feet out in the bay andii ill a depth of water solnc uhrni-t in Oakland and, spekingc my will h.iempletely n ,endednext seek alid from 65 to 100 fTit onil it has the largest own mind, I hope it will soon be settled for mnust return io wnrl, solid foundaotion in the novldb ifo llly under- the best interest of all conerned. irother Bob Wilcox is plantiing an ex- water pier foundatiol. By the time this is on the press the annual tendled ¥nactioiii ill the Northwurt shortly. It is 155 by 300 feet antd .14 feet high picnic of theBlay locals will be a thing of the Brothers Tom Bryant and i. J, Bnehr and is built on eolid renk iiaainst a eon- past, so I will try to tellyou about it illthe will replnrIl. t the gas departmenti oni the tiluous tidal flow of four to eight miles next article. We always have a good tinme new PeXCitvl hioari. per hour, andi hef lTe the N(itndtion could and anybdly who iisses it is always sorry Brother W. Fanning will do liket is for ill hailt it was necessary to level off an when they hear the boys talking about it the shopM and stires. The electrici pio- area of nearly a lyacre 0 fee0t or mire under afterwards,. dution departnrenl, will berreprernteld by the water. In one of the late JOUiNALS I read where Brother V an'" Jak son and the treet, 1.l Engi,,nering kill was taxud to its limit in some of the locals have asked the question 318 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

about retired members being allowed to at- Local No. 709 is a local entirely within need from their fellow members in the dis- tend meetings. Local No. 595 has quite a the Mersey Paper Co.. Liverpool, and com- charge of their duties. few on that listlwho would like to attend and prises 100 per cent of the electrical staff of These days labor is restles, all workers I would like to have it known that I would this plant. This local lay dormant for some are on the move, another period of evolution like to see then] able to do so, as they can little time but is now in a very healthy con- is in progress and the advances made by our do the newer and younger members just dition, the members for the most part being Brotherhood will depend on the wi gsid- coming in a lot of good. interested in their looal. The Meney Pqapr ance of the officers of each local. It is up to E. B. EsanLr*n. Co. is a union company. It gives new work- each and every mermber to s to it that the men 1 days after joining plant to Join their advantages handed down to us by those who L. U. NO. 625, HALIFAX, N. S. local. There are three locals represented have gone before shall be handed on even Editor; and having agreements with the comliany. better than we received them to those who Elections for the year have bon held and They are! Pulp and sulphits workers, paper- will come after us. We have that duty to the new offiers will have shouldered their makers and electrical workers. Conditions perform. C. VANUsa.nRK. burdens in the interests of the craft, and are at this plant rank among the best in Nova endeavoring to carry their locals through Scotia. L. U. NO. 632. ATLANTA, GA. 1937 and 1938. The plant has a production of 250 tons Editor: Labor difficulties seem to have lifted con- normally which has been speeded up to pro- Hello, everybody! Bark again. It gives me siderably during the past year. On your duce 325 tons daily. The power consumption great pleasure to sit down each month and American side of the line organization has yearly runs close to 125,000,000 kilowatt write a few lines on the whoa and whys of boon mostly favored by the powers in con- hours, is delivered by the Nova Scotia Power our great organization. Some few months trol. On our side of the line organized labor Commission to the company at 06,000 volts ago, if you are a consistent reader you will has found favor in some sections and has had and is used by them, at 2200, 650. 220 and recall, I stated we were going to witness one difficult traveling in others. 110 volts. Six grinder motors of 2,600 horse- of the greatest labor battles you ever saw. In Nova Scotia we have a trade union at power operate on 2,200-volt feeds. Well, it is beginning to pop now, like the that outlines the workmen's right to organ- The wage agreements of the unions expire fourth of July. My friends, the deported ize and compels the employer to meet and on May 1. 1938. The agleement now in force John L. Lewis. commonly known as the C. deal collectively with his employees where with the electrical worker Local No. 709 was i. O. Numbller One, seems to be infringing a union exists and provides penaties to be the first agreement this local has had with upon the rights of this organization, and dis- applied against any employer who attempts the company. The wag agreement in force regarding the laws and rights of intelligent, to prevent an employee from joining such a at present is as follows: Journeymen, 69o speaking people. The most unusual piece of union. This act has stimulated organiation and 73e; helpers, 49e; apprentices, 25c to 40e. ambush I ever heard of was carried out last in this provinc. Time and one-half for Sunlday and certain week at the plant of the National Electric This act should aid our Brothers of Local proscribed holidays. Products Co. Our president, Mr. Tracy, hav- No. B-1030, of the telephone workers of The officers elected for the next two years ing secured a majority of the members by No.a Scotia, who to date have not been able to represent Local No. 709 are: President, vote and a contract signed, the C. I. O. ap- to negotiate an agreement and have experi- Johnnie Kay; vice President, Herb Dixonl laeretd on the scene with all his henchmen enced difficulty in organizing before the treasurer and financial secretary, Joe Pre- and threw pickets aronnd the plant, making passing of the trade union act, their boss, the viilel recording secretary, Earl Lowe. it impossible for this plant to open. I do not manager of the company, having notifed All members of the local are working, and know what you think about this, but it is them at that time he would never recognize each member must attend the meetings or high time our organization and the American them.. No, acording to law he will be com- be subject to a fine, such fine to be paid be- Federation of Labor beogan to draw up some pelled to deal with them as soon as they fore dues will he accepted, unless good cause plan of attack to curb this practice. I know have 51 per cent of the employees. is given to explain absence. This also applies there is some law whereby we can curb this "United we stand, divided we fall." This to a member late for a ,meeting. outrage of lawlessness. If he gets by with fact is all too often overlooked by the great The above officers are sincere union men this proedure. my friends, you can rest mass of workmen to their own disadvantage. and should look for and get any support they assured that if he wishes to picket your plant July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers lind Operators 319 or business or shops he certainly will do so the manner this work is bel i han iled on exeutive council, we could not hve gotten and ask you nothing. other railroads. Well, here's hoping that a better distribution of officers who are in We all know that the C. 1. 0. is a very the Editor don't file this, my flirt effort a position to feel the pulls of the whole young organiation, and if it succeeds-well, to crash the magazine, In the trash can. organization. Each group of member. he, I will let you draw your own conclusion. It THi Pbss. a contact man in this council who know. seems to Ine that in the field of unionism their own particular needs. there is going to be keen competition, Let us The exeeutle council is composed of your cheek a bit and see how our stock stands. L. U. NO. B-S28, NEW YORK CITY, priesident vice president, recording secre- 1. The railroad engineers, firemen, conduc- N.Y. tary and the following four officers: Thomas tors, enginemen and yard crews in the New York Steam Unit Donnelly. Raymond (Cy) Kennedy, Harry United States are not affiliated with the A. F. Editor: Arffmann and Otto Mallek. Good lurk to of L. 2. The steel, mining, textile and auto- Well, boys, we are one step further to the executive council and may their way mobile workers are not affiliated with the A. better wages aine we have .ero.rin union be smooth and their pitfalls few and far F. of L. 3. Last, but not least, there seems minded. Every member ni- give his full between. to he a geItlemar soiewhere, I can not re- support to the organiatilon ind pull as one And now a word to the [nemnbers. Don't call his name, who has now organized the let your offiers down. If you can't get federal relief WPA instead of 16 different force Remembern workers. My friends., your first big, momentous mee isig for nomi- behind them with all your strength and we are all working peopleI we are judged by nations of offiers of your u, ion? Some make their way easier by a boost now and the actions ind things we do, and in order fun, oh, boyal And the way the boys took then. please don't knoek them. ltlnemller be that we may allied, if it is ever possible, their election to heart you would it might have been any one of you elected andil work think into their closer together for the betterment the whole country deended oln the results. particular position and you would of the uninir, we must first find out how they Believe it or not, some of tile boys waited want the support of the whole organization stand, aind lso their outside asseocitions, until 6 a. to know the results. Just behind yourself. Election is over and let if there are any. We hear lots of talk and a littlte matter of 22 hours. but wasn't it all of us forget our animosities and plug rumiors annd the only way to find out is to in- worth it? A rote f thanks is in order for up the weak spots in our armor and go out vestitate their associations. your judge of electtilos who sacrificed hia and do battle as one army. Attend your 'llere are a few uestions I would like to own interests at h .>re to fulfill his obliga- meetings regularly. We don't wish to throw leave with you to think river. I think it is tiions to your tewrlin union. Stephen But- your money awyw on i large hall and find nothirng but right that we bshould know this ler is the gentlema!'sii amne. Also don't only 200 members present when there should in order to avoi. ilssoriition if it be true. forget your two tollers. Jimes MeFarland be 800. And the girl members, Cod bless Has I. them; don't say the C. O. denied the right to work to and Johnny Dooley. Ne't time you are too shy to attend a you see meeting once those who refu to pay it tribute? Does the the three members,. give them the glad in a while as a body. One C. i. 0. proniote ohlence and dlisregard of hand. member. Martha Kaiser, has attended our law? Is the C. 1. 0. assoiated with commu- And [ow a word about your oficers. first two meetings, and you other girl nism? A prospect for the organization Presidentt illiam WOrt,; hie is young, some members should get together with her some should no(t 1e drafted in ilthoit his say so. say, but rdon't forgoet, boys, he is full of meeting night as if you were going to a The leaders should tell hin in a sane way that good old fightirl spirit and that is theater party. what More anon when the press secretary is how he will be protected and beneited by you want. lie wis remarkably rool under the whole in better working conditions, his first baptism of fire after being inaugu- duly appointed. JOSE... RANCIS DrrFy. wages and insurance benefits. If you will rated. tell your prospect this he will not turn you Vice President Fei, lth ile; well liked L. U. NO. 887, CLEVELAND. 01110I down. If he dles, well, you will be hetter off by one aeln all, as ihe plouallty vote he Editor; without him. For this prospect will not piled up proved. Ie'oridlig secretary, make a good union man. In order Let's pause a lmoment to congratulate the to succeed Ila.'y Parker. We hit'nr he has plenty of unknown winner of the popularity we have got to revive our old-time spirit and contest experience for the Jo,. anid that is what staged come down of of our high horse, straighten by Maestro John J. McCullough for we need, Surly he i.a tLken ill and could the press seeretaries of System Council No. our affairs and associations out. not attend the ill.uguratin of his office. For a hetter I BUE. W. Tale SENTIgL. 7. Time flies and memories slip and still we Joseph Kreislrr, uho ated as pro-,tan, is wonder. another yaungster who handledrhis first This being the month of June. we had our L. U. NO. 732, PORTSMOU1TH, VA. meeting quite tcapaly, we think. financial eleition of offilcers and here they are: Presi- Editor: secretary, James (lyne lRnuiember your dent, R. W. Blake vie preient, R. A. Comnments from Local No. 732, one of the turkeys each Chrinstmas? WeVll, Jim is the Rufner; financial secretairy, E. C. Frank; two railroad locals on the "Road Through man who knows hbo li. rin sIuch things. recording secretary, Earl Bartlett: treas- the Heart of the South." Well, Brothers, So, boys, make Jim's jel easier by seeing urer, Arthur W, Wittel. Executive hoard mem- you guessed it the first time. I speak of him early and oft.n with your dues, lie bers-L. J. Moher, Carl Hammond. the Seaboard Air Line, one of the fairest has a job hard enough as it is, and don't The newly elect, d ffiners wish to thank employers of railway employees in the make it any tougher for hiln. Treser, the membership for the confidence shown country. Edward Lemmer. They say D)ilignes looked them by the large vote and assure you that I think we ran all say on this railroad for an honest m an will a lauip. If Diogenes the affairs of the local union will be handled that we have had exceptionally good times had lived in this day and age he could efficiently at all tites. here since tilhe birth of air conditioning. have been blindfolde and j.ust put out Our niemhers on the Niekel Plate are on It has been a gift to a department that his hand and touched Eddie aed would not their toes at all times. Our new conltnitre- has long been lookel on as something in have had to look ally further. Words are man at Conneaut. Ohio, Brother Kelly. keepe the way hut impossible to do without. superfluous when describing Eddie as con- the working agreement in effect. Brother Which leads up to what I want to say and scientious in any work he enters into. Mclver, at Frankfort, Inl., is also going find out what the railroad electricians on Business lanaenr, Morton Thompson. Soft places. We appreciate leneral Chairman II. other roars are Iopilni in regard to air con- spoken, we hear people say, but dolin't forget, A. Schrader% successful efforts in getting ditioning. a suit answer tulratl awaiy wrath. This is more electricians hired at vareious points. The first cars on our railroad were air a job we don't envy. You who are umerin- nedless to say, these lnew men have tickets. condlitioned by the ill'unan Company in hers can give hii a great lift by talking Brother P. B. Summers, of Beilevue, attended 1934 and since that time the number of ears ion-members into your organizeation What our last meeting. has irerasrl yearly until we inow have 85 we want is a 100 per cent origauinatin. Tell Our membership on the Erie is increasing. cars that are sue emaking our department the non-members that without the efforts Brothers Ibecker, Lens and BIIrwi ale active bloom. We were fortunate from the start of their previous delegates they would not in the interests of their oangnization. to have all the work given to us, although be irpartiii ng in the henefits wihich we We are still operating under an open we are now losing some through no fault of will now all receive and they should be big charter and the results are very satisfac- our own. Al] I igi'ht say we have iot any enough to shoulder thellir just share of the tory. This local inion is co operating with definite riling yet that covers this branch burdens and fight hulrdr to shoulder with Local No. 1024, of Pittslurgh, in hbringing of work, and sirce wy h.ave p erformed sat- their fellw ul Ce, l on .ileni lon- the electrical workers employed on the Pitts- isfatorily so far I dIo not see why we members: do,,n't be hirkers; get up in the burgh & Lake Erie It. IR. hito the i. B. E. W. shouali have to lse any part of it. It it frotit line trenches with thte rest of is. and the protection of the New York Central is going to work around to a department Don't forget yirn temporairy intlernatienal working agreement. We are also co-operat- of its own, it is my personal belief with business manager, IReggie Brenler, [ie did ing in the nationwide drive to orani/e the the amiount o(f electrital knuwleldge neces- a swell job orgniziiisg,rid on though ill, yard and shop forces of the Pullman Co. A sary that it should roliomeunider the elec- carried on ah lidallywithout illtlrrllllption. short talk with a Pullmaa eI..lioye will eon trical departnlnt. A vote of hanthake is in order r splendid vince a doubter of the benefits of affiliation Now after writing the things I have in work he performed. leotter luck nlext time, with the standard railway labor oragniza- mind. I sure hope we will be able to read Reggie. and thanks for all your work for tions and what a company union can't and some commentlis In our magazine regarding the salary increases. When we come to the won't do for its membership. The shop craft 320 The Joaral of Eleetqcal Workers and Operators July, 1937 employees on the Pennsylvania are aliso month, but as the old mill wheel turns so Miss Lillian Herstein, executive board, anxious to follow the example of their fellow does the progress of Local No. 1154. Our Chicago Federation of Labor. workers on the Long Island R. R. and line up active and never-tiring business manager, Mr. Frank X. Martel, vice president, where they belong. Let's all get a new mem- Brother Theodore Neilson, has been hitting her. Your organizing committee will have home runs so fast that the scorekeeper ran International Typographical Union, De- an interesting announcement soon. out of chalk. And with the able assistance troit, Mich. Our entertainment committee, headed by of our .x-bsiness manager, Hlam Norgard. Brother L. J. Moher, is preparing to do new names are hitting the dotted lines every SECRETARY TO THE DELEGATION thing,. Bil. BLaE. day. The result looks about a 97 per cent 0losed district, and those that are not closed. Miss Mary Hulbert, School of Social L. U. NO. 953, EAU CLAIRE. WIS. one might as well try t take a sleigh ride Service Administration, University of Editor: in Ethiopia as to get them on a closed shop Chicago. basi. We have added 20 new members to We held elfr re!ular meeting May 21 an-i our rols and ha.e that many or more on Besides the question involving public after the neti,, served lunch and refresh- application works, which marks perhaps a new em- nents. The lcal had visitors from Red Local No. 1154 draped its charter in mem- phasis in the deliberations of the Inter- Wing, Minn., in Brother Schilling, business ory of Brother Pete Fox at its last meeting. national Labour Conference, the follow- manager, and Brother Erickson, president Brother Fox was a new member and was ac- ing questions are being warmly debated of Local No. 928; also Brothers Kelley. cepted in our local on April 7, 1937. in an effort to arrive at draft conclusion: financial secretary, and Wetcher, business Work in our jurisdiction has been plenti- manager, of La Crosse local. The agree- mert we are trying to get signed by the ful the past six month and all of the Broth- Forty-hour week for textiles Northern States Power Co. was read and cr5 going 100 per cent. A great many of Forty-hour week for printing I think everybody seemed to be for it. the boys fell into other channels of work Forty-hour week for chemicals Brother Boyle was in Friday, Mlay 21. in during the days of corner hunting, but have Minimum age for working chil- gradually gotten back into the old harness regards to the same agreement. The party dren after the meeting went over fine and that again. And it appears that organized labor at this time has the doors of victory opento A safety code for building work showed they had a pretty good committee, era in the field of scaffolding More power to them. Yes, you fellows who them under our present administration, s, helped them out, the committee wishes to Brothers. keep your heads up: the C. 1. O. is and hoisting machinery thanl you all. digging its grave. Sit tight, give your co The inside wiremen are getting along operation to your I. 0. officers and that day Though no question on the agenda so I can't write much about them at pres- of reckoning will come and we of the A. F, directly touches the vexing problems of ent. Here is something I would like to of L. will hold a good Irish wake at the fun- technological employment, this subject say now, and that is, why don't you fellows eral of the C. 1. O. The day has come when sabotage methods are out of the picture, and underlies every question discussed in the attend the meetings every chance you get? Conference. Mr. Necas, president of the There is always something new for the new if Mr. Lwis' C. 1. 0. dream is carried through to success it won't be till the com- governing body, in his opening speech, members. Don't let a few arguments stop stated: "Unemployment in the modern you from coming, because that is the way nlunistie element is weeded out. Within two to learn unionism and not on the side lines. miles from where I am typing this column. world is not merely the result of economic When you have a question to ask, go right operating lday and night the year around, is circumstances; its causes are structural to it. Don't he bashful about it, because one of the world's large aircraft factories. and permanent. The most modem meth- that is what this union is for. Not for makers of the great Douglas Ship. the first ods of manufacture, those which are in- one, but for al. of a fleet of five to fly around the world, the eluded in the general term 'rationaliza- meot popular ship of the air today in the I think the utility is pretty well organ- tion,' have relieved the physical fatigue ized at the present time. There is a lot commiercial ield. The United States practically kept the far of the worker, but they have increased to be done yet. Come up and give your the nervous strain and reduced possibili- suggestions. If you don't ask, you never tory going, filling government orders to the learn. That's enough of that for this time. extent that it was compulsory to enlarge the ties of employment. We should endeavor You Brothers who came from Red Wing fartory to one of the iargest known. Gonver- to ensure that technical progress shall to attend our party, we wish to thank you moelt orders alone on the program today will be a blessing and not a curse for the very much, because it is a pretty good trip keep the plant going for the next three years workers." from Red Wing to Eau Claire, and the same C. I. 0 pulled a strike there and in with their own company union were injected a Geneva, which has been an interna- Lpplies to La Crosse. tional center for more than 500 years, is I am going to try to introduce each dc- bunch of Communists who had never been partient every month, We will start at on the pay roll a day in their life. Twenty the capital of the world, if any city may ,he warehouse,. here we have II. rown of these men are on trial today in the Los be called such. The new League of Just step in and you will find this gentle- Angeles courts, Three of them are from the Nations building is about completed and man ready to serve you. We have V. Don- Communist Party and never employed in the there is a daily influx of important people aldson, L. Ohms, Sanec.k, C. Hallberg and factory, and still if the C, I. 0. thinks such from the world's governments, facing E. Olson. You can meet these gentlemen will srenghn their au they are badly common international problems. It is and Brothers in the warehouse at the service mistaken. When public feelings throughout not an uncommon sight to see world fig- building. Let's all get acquainted and we the nation turn on an organization they are as good as whipped, and that's the hand ures on Geneva streets or blrush arms will get along better, i see so many stran- with them in hotel lobbies. One may gers at our meetings that I am afraid I writing on the wall today. might get lost if it wasn't for our vice Local No. 1154's new officers will take their hear in the cafes four or five languages tresident, Brother Panzer. The delegates chairs at the next regular meeting, but I will at any one time. One sees Oriental cos- and committees seem to he doing a pretty have to wait till I see them all in place before tumes, the fashions of Paris and the good job. Oh, yes: how is that nominating I gi-e the line-up. It looks like the same provincial garb intermingled on the committee getting on? Not niuch time left old steamroller gang, but nevertheless. it's avenues. now, hos; better get busy. all oteh as long as the refreshment chairman kecps active More at the next isue. With its usual gift for diplomacy, the Last minute news: The N. P. P. Co. signed Japanese delegation has challenged the the agreement. It is now on the way to 0. B. THOMAS. the International Office and Brother Mike American delegation to a baseball game. Boyle for official signatures. Well. Mike So deep is the interest of the Japanese this is rather late, but I hope your ears BIILDING TRADES ENTER in this particularly American sport that and drivers come through that 500-mile INTERNATIONAL FIELD they have brought from Tokyo full equip- race o.k. Sign off. Mn. uzzsn, IContinued from page 295 ment, including bats, balls and gloves, P. S-itf you don't know him, get ae- WORKERS' DELEGATE for the occasion. The Americans expect nuinted at your local meetings. to be beaten. Mr. Robert J. Watt, secretary, Massa- The Conference will close about June L. U. NO. 1151. SANTA MONICA. chusetts State Federation of Labor. CALIF. 23. It is regarded as a high water mark ADVISERS of attainment in the international field Editor: and has taken on unusual interest to Lcal No 1154 coming on the air just to enlighten the workers of the old U. S. A. thae Mr. M. H. Hedges. InternationaI Broth- Americans. inasmuch as there is a gov we are still in the picture and riding along erhood of Electrical Workers. erning body election which will involve with the march of time. Your writer has Mr. Francis J. Gorman, president, the selection of an American representa- been somewhat inactive in the past few United Textile Workers of America. tive. July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers tItd Operators 321 I WORLD'S FAIRS BASED UPON work for. Doubtlessly the .r.sarch The street car may be presented both as a ELECTRIC EXHIBITS workers are already scoring progress by relic and as a starling innovation, at our forthcoating world's fair. Certain it iS that ICo.Ullinued from page 97) way of making these forms of illumina- tion more attractive and we can look the lumbering, noisy, sluggish electric car of alone. as represented by the radio a decade ago is as extinc as the dodo. set, forward to something startling The accounts for millions of KWH per in illu- fsater tempo of automobile traffic killed it year, mination practice for factory, store and The Tennessee Valley Authority proj- Yet engineers have not failed to revamp the ,et, with its vast power houses for gen- home. good old trolley car, and today we have quite Some recent experiments erating an enormous output of electric with mercury a different version. Trolley ears are made vapor in tiny quartz tubing, of the newer, lighter power, is typical of today's denutud for capable of metals. They are be- passing' hundreds ing stream-ined. Most important, they more of amperes within a are and cheaper electricity. The total few inches of length properly silencd, ao that I conversation is amount of and a fraction of an water power available on the inch diameter, ,omfrtabtly possible within such a car. North American continent disclose a light sourec that is estimated at approxinmates the intensity of the Quicker acceleration makes for more rapid 73,000.000 horsepower, of sun which better itself. Perhaps we ier on the threshold transportation. Soft leather seats serve to than 22,000,000 has already eliminate the last stimulus been har- of greatly cheapened light, which in turn of uneven tracks nessed. Improvemnets from the consciousness of the passengers, in trans~rmission will mean the use of nmueh more light for technique bhreby The World's Fair in New York will cear- electricity can be the better enjoyment of evening hours. transmitted a greater listance tainly play up these latest trolley cars, if not with rea- Today, light is sonable losses. no longer a luxry. People actually in the Fair Grounds, at least in the is bringing more and still don't have to go to bed with the chickens. more water power within econo.mical transportation means to the site. Already But still more there are streaIriined trolley perafing reach of centers of population. light can se.re to carry ears The the sports and the outdoor daylight activ- illthe city, while the latest subway trains Hoover Dam, with 2,000,000 horsepower ities well into with shorter, articulated cars, have such a being tapped for use. is typical the nighpt, cspcially for of our those therOise doomed to inside quick Iickup that passeners hve had to be -emote water ipower now being worki brought and play. The vdespread use of ultra- taught new straIp fips to remain upright. into play. violet Thketrckless trolley too is hmund to be no- And light, with its health-giving rays more and cheaper electricity is the that provide ticed, Iperhapsiiwithinr the fair grounds proper. very foundation vitalin values heretofore for electrical work. It sought i codliver oil, means more and better also extends our TUBES DENOTE ADVANCEMENT wied homes. It laylight hours, synthetic though they means more appliances than ever before. may be. In the factory, electricity has three out- It means more instanllation, more altera- In the electric transportation ield, the tions and additions, standnbg tools with witch to eliminate mluch more mnltenllance fortheoming exposition will hare much of the tedioustiess of orepetitive oiperations. and repairs of equipment. to report by way of progress. The out- These tools are: (1) The vauulo tube; (2) Meanwhile, electric illumination is cer- standling achievement will doubtless be the photo-electric cell; anid (3) the cathode- tain to play :n important part in forth- the New York to Washington electrifica- ray tulee. Sotie of the ngst am sliagtasks coming are exhibits. The recent Better tight- tion of the Pennsylvania Railroad, with now being hlard.led by these electrical Better Sight campaign has had an enor- probably quite birins and nerves, colntrolling elctric mus- a bit more trackage added les andl steel hanad mols iniluene on the Amrerian peeple. by then. Although this and imlbs. No end of project has been displays will rnhtat ab1out the use of these We are nore light conscious t.oday than unier way for the past three decades, it ever before. It seens unbeliev.ble, three important devul.p.i.ts.. or instance: look- is only in the past two years that through The gradins of products ing at that early electric lamp, that by photo-electric only trains are being hauled electrically a cells is now co.lno.plae.. hut a few decades ago its 16 cainlepoer, was daily the tech- distance of some 250 miles, nique I.bcomes still norIo ililtoleus. We have considered with an addi- adequate for illuminating a tional 75 miles or so of the affiiated New paints, for iIstaner, reduced to a definite room. True, it offered as much light as Ilaven road. The Pennsylvania Railroad, curyVe correpondind to the component colors the gas jet or the kerosene lamp with with approximately half of its and preoor.i or, sothat a.. y plnt with that which it 2%i,899 competed, and far more light miles of trackage now electrified, and partilular rcord ean precisely reproduce the than the tallow eandles of an earlier with a density of trafic second to none given shade. i[magi ie I paint made threr years eg. It must be duplicated. The teeh generation. But nrevertheles. such ill- for any long-distance railroad, is tile cieianl il anoticil plant looks at the curve and minuation today would be considered ruin- climax to the electrification progress ous to everyone but the oculist and the piroiptly reproduces that exact meale hode throughout the world. so closely, ideld , that you can bliushthe optician. The writer was fortunate. just a year ago, two paints sidehby side with no apparent dif- to be invited to ride GASEOUS CONDUCTORS SHOWN in one of tilhe huge frensee to the eye. The eelor comparator. stream-lineld eetrie locomotives between based on the photo-electric cell doies the Doubtlessly. new lighting techniques New Yprk and Philadelphia. To tear along work. are about to be introduced.. at S5 miles p]er hour, with the knowledge tihat Then there are ,noerLl of inspection jobs. Already we there have indications of what to ,expertin Ihe is still another 25-mile margin left In one plant, the photo electriccells examine despite the 12 steel coachesbei gllhauled, and every cofftee banm irching by to the pack- high-intensity melr ury-vap laimps now nil the while to be cnjoying solidi comort ail being used in factories. and th, smlium aLing ..achine,. I[lproperl, roasted beans or quiet, is a brandi new experience in railroad shriveled beans ore p.roml.t, y.lankedut o f vapor lamps that bathe short stretches of iig. The panel hboards directly in frontof line. Surely no liunin beingi ould want our highways with their soft yellow light. both engineer and finrien, reproitiling the that tedious job, et theio.nsumer does want The next big step fn.rward in electric throe-lirht semaphores of the block aheial. a uiforn coffee. Or it mayie the examiin illumination lie ill tile use if gaseous spell a new conception of safety; for. regail- tln of fabrics as they cone whirlig off the conductors rather than filamlets. It less of fog, rain or snow, there is in the cab printing pressIi,or tenis hals, or labelled bt- seems tiat tile filament lamps have been an exact duplicate of those iblock sigrls ties, and, o without end. dleveloped to the ipeak Ilf ,ffltien>. rr ahead, together with an automatic trip and tungsten, itop should the entgile clew overlook or dii- CANNY AS HUMAN EYE operating in a Ia.eou atllios - giald a warniui ,igolal phere, is now being heated to cut about Whatever thile hi mar y' can do. the phot.- its nlelting]llt. elince little tote-can GIESEL-ELECTRIC COMPETES be done in this direction. elctric cell ci n duel kate. This igrenlious But in the device eoordliiti's the forces of iighb, cholo- galeous c rendfctrhild. we are just at Mean whlie there is the gisrwino eg Pti- ietry and electricity it leni.s. itself to en.- the belglnni g of sone vt-l,,' pr,,nisin tion o the I)iese]-Lle trie stteam-l/i 'tsd train less jobs. It cin takeLthe piilc of the motor- results. The entest ohstach is one o. shieh aris i.. own electriiplanlt powepr cyle ,op, Chlrki ri sieding inorists far color. The greenish light of the.. itlc'irv- Dozens if such tratis are inllaily usl. estab- moreu critey politely rriIIu l illy, nlld w'ith- vapor lamp is by e eo ss lleasansi, yet lishiog Lew time tables for given run, h out "isiog." It eatl and'ope close doers as eerns that the 40 Irluens per wait -lilble that of such trainits are c rtaill to take passer,-h), stcp iriti ii Ijeto ot light. It can over the long it,,IIl~d l,,ig, the inca.nd.escllt ulp-i a nmighty im- rlis. sooner or later l.eavini t, count people, vehicles, items aol packages .portantfator.. Likewi.se the ytlhi ight ih, elictrie lionrilotivye the shorter rUit, rI] passing 1y, It csun dIvek the lensity of the the hlingdliig of denser traffic for xhieh tile smoke g.nirg up the smokestick, aid can, of the sodium vaIpor lamp is not plea;ilng. electric power is ideally suited, herause of its but its report to the stokers below. It can translate efficiency. bleing about thit of the supreinme lpendab/lity and uniformiity urnter a sawtriothed ilnoe into a speech or nuic or mercury-vapor inlp, is soeithiln Ito widely varying conditions of weather. aIr desired sound effect, which is the basis The Journalof Electrical l'orkers and Operators July, 1937 for present-day talking pictures. And so on impinges. Varying the nature of the coat- ASSURANCE IN FACE OF TEST and on. ing determinre the duration of the image. The vacuum tube is to electricity what the For some applientions, the screen may retain While strikes in the past year or so trigger is to a gun. Also, it is the electrical the image fur ii fall minute. In most appli- and some of the methods used by both microscope, magnifying minute quanities of cations the screen iJage lasts but a small employers and workers have given rise to electrieity. Or perhaps it is best to call it fratilon of a .secOd.At any rata, the elec- dangerous situations that sometimes had the modern Aladdin's lamp, and let it go at tron stream, vwept over any portion of the that. The applliattions of the vacuum tube screen the same as wi,,ldl be the case with a the whole nation looking apprehensive. are limitless. Its well-known usage in radio ater hose, traces a.l..ino)us pattern. Thus Mr. Kerwin, secure in his 24 years' ex- is but the starting point. Today, engineers eblt triw it .wite, Its ,to%. perience in labor disputes, is not easily are studying the electrical and industrialI pas- Wht,'ver the phbloel h t cel dioes. by way excited. He believes that disputes will he sibilities tresulting in many new applications. of seelic things, the cathode ay tnlie dies by settled, agreements reached, as they have We know of a young electrician working in way ,f nlsi thee tli nga visible to the always been in the past. And he can re- a textile plant who has made exellent use human eye. Sinple and intricate wave forms: call strikes in the past that were more of the vacuum tube in combination with the a spot of light moving over a graduated violent, mnore widespread, than those of photo-electric cell and cathode ray tubes. Re sreen; all entire pttein of luminous lines 1936-37. In 1922-when for several bhas saved his employers thousands of dollars woven into actual images for television pur- and in turn has been adequately rewarded. months more than 1,000,000 workers were poses; actual hndwrilitig- thes and] mrany on strike in three major industries: coal As an electrical trigger, the vacuum tube other things can he hiandled hy such a tube. mining, serves to control power by means of inhfini- Also, the use of coninats within the tube, the textile industry, and the rail- tesimnal impulses. It is very much the same or the use of photo-electric cells externally road shop crafts. The miners walked out idea as pulling on the lanyard of a 16-inch set with relation to the scrn, make the April 1, 1922, and the movement back to gun and firing a one-ton shell on a target cathode ray tube applicbiab as a switching the mines did not come until August 15: 20 miles' distant. Recent tube developments means. Instead of a echanicnl switch arm and the shop crafts fight continued on permit measuring electrical energy down to and contacts, we can use the electron stream. many railroads for months. In the hear- a hundredth of a millionth of a billionth of which is infinitely faster and more accurate, ings on the Department of Labor's ap- an ampere. That is really an astronomical fig- for dlicate switching functions involving propriation bill in this year's Congress ure, but absolutely accurately stated here. It tbousands of contacts if need be, and light- Mr. Kerwin made this statement: compares with the electron flow through the ning-fast action. usual $0-watt incandescent lamp as two drops Here we arc with almost half an hour's "We have not reached the point where of water with the enorieo/s volume of water roading and still the wonders of the forth- we may expect that peace will always spilled over Niagara Falls in a year. Some- coming electrical exposition have been hardly reign in industry, as long as men are thing lie three quintillion electrons per sec- touched upon. In addition to the applied actuated by a desire for gain and as long ond (3,000,000,00.0,0.000,000) flow through science exhibits there will be many exhibite in as employers and employees differ as to an ordinary 50-watt lamp. The new vacuum the purescience field, which will be even more methods of employment and production. tube it able to measure aecurately a flow of specteeuar, Doubtles, there will be the gen- Then we are confronted with many con- about 68 electrons per second. It is so sensi- eration of man-made lightning, using the tests over the right of workers to or- tive that, in conjunction with photo-electric huge metal spheres supported on tall cylin- ganize and as to how they shall organize, cells and thern.o-couples, it can measure the dor, inside of which long belts generate static amount of heat radiated by stars countless or whether they shall be recognized under electricity of the order or many millions of employee representation plans or through miles away. volts. The wonders of the infinite will be The thyratron tube is already extensively demonstrated. People will hear the antics trade unions. But we in conciliation are used for the direct control of a power circuit of electrons. We will be convinced that to- confident that after all, when a ease is by a weaker current, This tube, with its ela- day the scientists know precisely what elec- settled through mediation and concilia- mets in a mercury vapor atmosphere, has tricity is. even though they may be unable tion, it is settled on a basis that provides limitless industrial applications. It is being to explain it in our commonplace language. for a better relationship in the future, used as a dimmer for theatre lights. It is All of which simply boels down to this: because both parties to the controversy the means of automatically timing welding electricity is still in its infancy: its wonders have taken a personal interest in the operations, insuring uniform welds without are just beginning to be known; its poribili- negotiations leading up to the agreement, the danger of "burning" or weakening the ties are infinite: and the eleetrical worker, and they have set their hands and seals metal willing and anxious to learn and to perfect In the cathode ray tube, which virtually on the agreement and they look on it as himself and to do some original thinking a joint undertaking." writes the message of electricity, we may ex- when need be, is engaged in the greatest field pet perhaps the most outstanding electrical of endeavoofdvr f all time. Last spring the United Mine Workers exhibits at the forthcoming fair. Foremost threatened to go on strike till their new and above al, of course, the cathode ray contract in the bituminous field was will be the basis of practical television which signed. While negotiations were going is almost certain to be in use daily, by 19i9. LABOR CONCILIATION SERVICE on, who should "happen" to came in town Recent demonstrations as well as statements TAKES SPOTLIGHT by authorities indicate that television is here but Edward F. MeGrady, Assistant Sec- and now, technically speaking. Economic (Continued fomn page 294) retary of Labor. "Who asked for Me- problems remain to he solved. Also the proper Grady?" was the question. Actually coordination of sponsor, performer, broad- tions covering the matter in dispute, so neither side had called him in, but he was caster, wire network and audience. But keen that they may be in position to advise there keeping in touch with the situation competition will drag television out into the employers and employees, because it so and ready to use his influence if it were open, shortly. happens that the employers and em- needed to keep the negotiations rolling The cathode ray tube less than a half dozen ployees are often unfamiliar with the smoothly. As we have already men- years ago was a laboratory Instrument. Few plainest facts and conditions influencing tioned, the Labor Department has this tubes were built. They sold for too much the stand of each contending party. money to niet with general favor. Also, power and does not have to wait to be their life was limited to 50 or 100 hours. And While in Mr. Kerwin's office we heard "asked in." Both Secretary Frances Per- even if the tubes were available, the buyer him talking over long distance to a kins and Assistant Secretary MeGrady would have been at a loss to use them sue- woman mediator, Anna Weinstock. "I have stepped in as mediators in important eeafully. It remained for a young electrical wouldn't ask you to take the plane, but cases. The Remington-Rand case had worker, Allen B. DuMoneat, to popularize the do so if you think it's necessary," he been in dispute for some time before the cathode ray tube for endless commercial uses, said. She was on her way to another final arrangement for settlement was anti to provde tubes of 10,000-hour life at a city to study the wage scales paid in three made between Rand and his associates low price. shoe factories. After bringing a tenta- and the union representatives; both Miss Just what does a cathode ray tube do? Perkins and Mr. McGrady had assisted Well, the reverse question, what doesn't it tive agreement between the employer and do, might be easier to answer. The funnel- the union workers in one plant, she had in bringing peace, as well as Conciliator shapei tube simply throws a stream of elec- been given the authority by both, to fix P. W. Chappell. trons from the cathode in the base, through a wage scale that would he on a level Although Mr. MeGrady is over, not several controlling cylinders and between con- with that paid by competitors. She was under the Conciliation Service, he rates trolling plates, on to the chemical coating at the flattened end. The fluorescent coating wasting no time in getting the investi- mediation in labor disputes among the glows at the point whore the electron stream gation under way. most important duties of the Department July, 1937 The Journal of Electiical Workers and Operators 323

of Labor, and does not hesitate to add his $28 a week when he is working during the sub-ontractors, he would have steady own talents to those of the commissioners seasons-there are two, the late winter work-for nine or 10 months, anyway. of conciliation when occasion arises. Mc- months and the summer months (or early But he couldn't. The manufacturers Grady is known as an "ace" mediator. fall months) now ending. Between times hired through the union, under their His background as legislative representa- they lihave been on relief-with a month union contract, and he couldn't get one of tive for the American Federation of to wait until they get that, for they can- these jobs. He made good money once; Labor, his experience in the NRA as as- not get it until his job is completely all their furniture was paid for; they sistant to General Hugh Johnson, his long stopped. owed nothing; but they had been able to association with the capably organized "The teneme ni is a huge. dingy brick save nothing on $28 a week--and two printing trades, and his political back- affair with hWil iwdlls filthy with grime; children; and when they went on relief- ground (he was a councilman in Boston, a huge nitshaft; and as many entrances like last winter and before you had no later a member of the Mlassachusetts as a grlnid-hig bullrow. Ther.e are no money to live on while waiting for the legislature) have contributed to his great bell-il-at liast in order-and one knocks relief; how could one get along? If he ability in handling people. on doors promiscuously asking if anyone could only get a job with a manufacturer Not only the big jobs but the little ones knows the Bauerman family. On each it would be steady! He always paid his come under the scope of the Conciliation landing are seven apartmellnts. Probably union dues and special taxes--if the Service. From mediating in a strike in- once the aromas of the halls could be union would only help! The dues are volving thousands of people, the commis- classified and even their strata cliarted, 55 cents a week. sioner of conciliation may find himself but now it is a rancid conglomerate of "She could not get over the fact that I years turning to the peros aMgrievane of some in which the double-baas of garlic was from the letter to the President! It worker whose joys and sorrows are simply blends into the general symphony. did not seem possible that the President unimportant, it seems, in relation to a LETTER TO PRESIDENT should send--'f'om de Prahsident-you vast industrial set-up. When he can find iss de Gov'mant!' I showed her the letter the time, evenings, or odd moments, the "And in a tiny, fumr-room apartment, to the President-it was the letter itsfriff commissioner goes to see the Tan's em- at $28 a month, the four Bauerm.ne live, "At the union offices ployer * * I had and tries to set things right and in on the seond floor, inside and with not a a long talk with this way the general seeretary- many hundreds of people return single opening except on the airshaft, treasurer * * whose attitude of to work under a better understanding. And the four rooms are immaculate. They cautious aloofness rapidly disappeared. Sometimes the complaint is so trivial that were neat-and it was not known that He was astonished when he learned it seems the almost laughable, but the I, or anyone was coming--and nieely cause of my inquiring call: 'Do you mean worker has brooded over it till it looms furnished. * to say that a letter from a common work- large in his life, and as an individual he "Mrs. Bauerman knows the whole story ingman to the President is not cannot, dropped or is afraid to complain to his and told it to me in English-perfect in the scrap basket!' he said. 'I am employer. He has no one to represent understanding of English but a strong frankly astonished--I never thought of him, so finally he or his wife writes a German-Polish accent. Her husband anything like it-you come, because a letter to tilhe President, or to Mrs. Rooes- works for a contractor in the pocketbook worker wrote a letter to the President? Velt, or to the Department of Labor, and making. If he could get a job with a Do you know what this means-it is regular it is referred to the Conciliation Service, manufacturer, instead of these amazing-I never thought that the Gov- A man who had had his leg cut off in a railroad accidlent was put to work as a crossing watchman. The crossing he was assigned to was far from his home PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES and he wanted to change to one that was Arrars,. OMffiob Xtee oft. Per I0 . - . 0 .. closer. lie didn't know how to take it Acount... k, T.a .krr ....- ...... kobeds, Large elio for hens. wirlng, per up with the railroad management. So, luott.., snll rllied gold - 0.0... ape, ODal Let.t, pI s...... ,-... .35 flultonim sai 10htold…..…5...... J -t-nlsa,-- , e... ------. somehow, his complaint came to a federal Button., Dto oid...... di - -- 00 R~xoeul Book. Appllnnt. (Bo rets.iptw. conciliator, and with a few words, the !ttoml .lla· .hmld..,ah.d 10k told. …-.. A0 Ieol40 Eook, Applleanlt (500repia).. ltok. einate iS,, A.. S.2.25 hocoipt Book, Members (30 reeeipt,4....- 1.7/1 better arrangement was made. iook, Mnute for A. S. large) --..-… .8.00 Receipt Book. mbers (750 ck, D-ay reoeit ....) ---...... ------……------.1.5 IneolpIBook. Mcel lanrcoo l(l80 re- 1.75 Every year scores of complaints have hBook. RoateIi l ------.------l been settled by letters arbon for rlpt books--...... from the Concilia- 0 RecI pt Boodk. aeela----.- u (--0-e- tion Service to Chfiml,' 101r, {...I. -4.00 -…d...... ~lpt# ...... employers. Changes have cihrtersa i)utIllest Bo.o.... . … ...... ceipt) -. 1.78 been mlade to workers advantage, people cOmttlete Leoa Charter Ontal .---...... Bla0 1 .75 Cooslftuloni, per 100 ------7."0 Recelpt B -ok-,Overtime ms---onent 1.75."0 have returned to work under better con- M1Illie (oil,[#...... ,0 (750 lhttrlcol Worker, ditions, evictilns have been stopped. Sbslption per yar_.- .00 ~lttwp Book,Oclid.)- Temnporary------($00 receipts)_ Emlrbnoa. Antomno-ll …-....--.--...- . 1.25 I, l...... p4 ------Several of these cases have involved deaf L.nvc.ops. Offitis Roleipt hIonkTtnpmorarv (6...... -- reeIps)__ aor ollnrbl,il b per 100------rr--...1,00 ceipt lBook, Finncaa seretar's.... 1.254.7 peopie. The wives write in, saying, "My 1Lsd1ev. lco*o lef biodor Frinannial See- Receipt nook, Traisuror' ...... 75.25 husband is deaf, he's discriminated teneipt Holdera, each.-...... roary's n....*1.O i...... de…..x… .0 Research weekly report ¢earss, per If0O... .0 against. *'" One deaf man was Lesdirw i1g to lit obov ledger, p2er la 1.70 WeolptRlig., lOt Aoo. gold…..-... Oetm seset( even promoted due to the t[qi[,,,,le4gnor, FloamniallIanclaI Seeretary',Moer~ary's, 20010o paree.page. 3.7/I8.50 Se]. cut of ...... 500.0 good offices of letigor, IFi~aneiai ecretry's, 400 page*. 8.00 the Conciliation Service. (Extra lHeavy Bindilng) .40 Ledirr, loose-lout researoh, Inludfing tab 12.0 Son'll (poclict) What this helping hand means to indi- Loded~r sill!t# Wlhtidrsnwl Cards, with Trans. Cdm. per ""''"'''""" for"' aliove, per 100 … 2...... 25 vidual workers and their Tohohel,Mutl*. per ""'"1oo ""--"------2 5....0 .10M families can best labels, Paper, per Warrant~ ook, for t ..... I'm be illustrated by quoting from 100 . …---..…...... 20 a letter 7.50 one of the commissioners wrote to Mr. FOR. E. W. B. A. ::: Kerwin. This is an actual case so we sOek, MInute------.. 1./0 lngr Copie .s...... are substltuting Ch(iatoe.rIl opllots -- …...... -- iIt uoa], eh.. another name for the Con.titultoa aad yLaw, per 100 -.... -- O IRolnstatement Blanks. per 1o...... worker's own. We'll call him Abe Bauerl.an. "Abe Bauerman lives in one of Brook- lyn's suburban tenement houses with his wife and two children, a boy and girl, of METAL LABEL 10 and 12 years of age. He is about 30 and his wife--a tiny woman of the same -9 age, but looking older--told me his story he was away working on the last week NOTfl-Tbi above cutl e, will b. snpeIIe4 when the. r,. I.du ao un.t ,f e.h .oc.m.f.. or so of work in the pocketbook industry ith ordr. Oth rwie Ia'h order will noat he teso nlate. All .u...ied ant b , bare po t . for this season. Next season's work will or Ohares preld. G .press begin in January or February. He gets ADDRESS, G. M. BUGNIAZET, I. S. 324 The Journal o/ Electriel Wiorkers orand Operators Julyj, 1937 j eminent took such pains with a matter Moreover the worker is subject to great tions (or in some other orderly manner) like this! Just a letter to the President- espense in the form of exprt medical tea. and numbered consecutively. Do not and it is not dropped in the scrap basket timo, y presented on his case by physicians number unsigned blanks. to look the usual f( besing $26 per bearing. In 7. When all nelessary data are in hand, -but he sends a representative addition the worker Ioses a half day's pay into it!' the temporary uimmittes should prepare every time he attends his hblAig. a large map (preferably 1 inch to the mile), "He sent for the union record of the Undo the present systm in which most man-dues paid up and a good member covering the whole project area. employers insure themaseloo ,int cgainsoen- (I) As a basis for this REA map, the since 1922. 'He's a good union member,' ;,ioxi risk, the inreLlines cormprnoy tlitbr temporary committee should secure a skele- he said. 'Steady worker in the seasons.' thOa the employer beolm, thie defendant ton county map through the county agent "We had quite a long conversation; he ,tordiut the worker's elhiLa set-up which or county engineer; or, get a post office is a very intelligent man. 'I do not want taleis to cncourage hlntiIy litigation over the rural delivery map of the county through to make any rash promises,' he said, terms and the legality ,r thi claim. Often the postmaster. If three such maps can be it is six nmnth h bfore, the workman receives commit after we hd discussred various economic one cent for even the smallest compensation. secured, so much the better. The and labor matters in general, 'but I want tee can then complete two, one to he sent The fact tht the law provides three liif- to REA and oie to be kept for its own to assure the IDepartment and the White ferent methods by which the worker's aIerage use. The third may be cut up into town House of this-that this has become a wage rate may be computed is but one cource ship, school district or other sections for most remarkable case, it stands out in of much legal quibbling, requiring hearing the use of the variou. sub-committees dur- hearing. A bill has now been intro- my mind because of this letter and the after inc the survey. action taken on it, and that everything dued in the state legislature to remedy this evil by providing that the compensation rae (2) Next, a careful study of the attached possible will be done to help this man. shall he e quivalent to two-thirds of the sample map should he made, to see how It is an exeeptional ease and I promise actual wage rate of the claimant on the the REA map is to be prepared. Note that he will receive special attention. The This bill. carefully shat information is wanted, and day before he beeamn discbled. the symbols suggested for plotting this season ends in a fortnight; I will try to if passed, would rallove the wrangling over information on the map. The serviesi of have him taken care of some way, and, the basis of computing average rates and would give the worker a ,l.uch larger rote an engineer at this point is not insisted when the next season opens in January upon by REA, hot the project is more and February I will still have it in mind than otherwise if he had been unemlployed during the preceding year. likely to be presented in a fotrm for easy and try to get him flxed.'" Other needoil reforms include limiting the examintion if prepared by an engineer. Hugh L. Kerwin died in June, at the number of hearings which may be held on a (3) The map should show: (a) county age of 68, strickn by a heart attack as he case to somI low figure. as two, and the period name; (b) county subdivisions (townships, was putting forth every effort to settle within which the case must be tinally school districts, sections, etc.) according to the growaing steel strike. His work will accepted. the usage in your state; is) highways; (d) One of the worst defects of the law has railroads; (e) streams; (f) farm and other go on through the mn and women he rural residences, schools, churhes., filing trained, inspired Dr. John B. Steelman, been the fact that until 1935 the emphlyer or insursnce company has had complete on statress, ijnldustrie, store, garagers using named to succeed him as acting chief of trol of the medical examinationsand treat- solid symbols (an in legend) for signed the bureau, has been a conciliator though ment which the disabled worker reived. customers, and outline (0) symbols for for the past few years he has been doing This meant that the Worker was repro'ented unsigned prospects: (g) towns and villages, special work for Secretary Frances at hearings by medieal expens paid for by with names of same; (h) point of connection Perkins. tle defendant against the claim. In tddltio, with source of power: (i) existing power he frequently rceived very lnadeqiuLte and, lines; (j) proposed lines; (k) "grond- return" telephoae lines where they parallel HAZARDS COST BILLIONS IN ONE sometimes unethi anledidical care and was sent back to work before recovery. proposed lines (the local telephone people TRADE will tell you whether their system is (Continued from pWee 291) In an effort to remedy this situation thn law was remedied to provide that the worker "ground return" or metallie; (1) points of aware that the danger exists, yet the men should name his own physician, but employ- omp.as. (m) scalc of miles; (I) last and on the job do not dare to complain, A ers soon got around this difficulty by offering very important, the location of each signed good deal of direct and constrictive the disabled worker a statement to sign in customer, marked by the number on his hazard prevention, striking at the very which he waived this legal right. survey blank. (4) where towns or villages are included root of the danger, has already been done Under the circumstanes, Mr . Cersh su e- by some labor organizations. Its continu- goets that the only real remedy is to set up in the project, besides indicating them on a state-controlled conpensation fund of era- the large map, an extra town plat should ance and extension is to be greatly en- be attached to the large map for each such couraged, for the welfare of the worker, ployer contributions, to replace the preninums which they now pay ti private insurance town or village. These plats should show the industry and society. companies., and from this fund provide the the town streets along which the proposed The importance of focusing efforts compensation, the medical care and the rprpe- lines would run. and the location of each upon accident and disease prevention sentation of laimnt before eompemnition residence or other building ocupird hby rather than upon compensation after dis- bearing. a sgried usto.er or ounsigned prospect. ablement becomes apparent once the in- Under such a system there would be a ten- Approximate population of each town or adeqnacies and administrative diffieulties dnecy for empluyers to take mor, dir.ct village should be stated. of even a comparatively good workmens interest in th e afety and welfare of their S. Next. the temporary committee should workers and strive to r emoveo tcupotioulalmake a formal application for a loan on compensation system such as that of New hazards which cost the nation so dear. the form supplied by REA. This applica- York, are realized. "A full realiation of these enonom i les- tion calls for the following information, all Under the New York law the disabled son," writes Mr. Gmesh, "should be a strong of which should he given: worker is entitled to compensation at a stimulus toward the to-operateion ,f all par- (e) Name, type and status as to inerpo rate equal to two-thirds of his average ties for the eimination of the scourge of ration of applicant; (b) approximate num- wage rate during the year preceding the industrial accidents andd diseass. If some ber of miles of line; (c) cunty or counties time when he became disabled. of that industrial eficlncy that has made ia which the project is located; (d) total Actually, because many employers con- America famous were to be tuirne in this number of signed customers; (e) the num- dilrsetion, soiety wouhl be much the ,iehor who can be sistently fail to report the names of all of ber of these signed customers and haipier. served fronm the propoaed lines drawn on their employees at any given time (in a the map; (f) total number of unsigned deliberate effort to keep their ins.r'ance prospective customers; (g) the number of rates low), and because the worker often JOHN FARMER LIGIHTS AND these unsigned prospective customers who works for many different employers POWEBS IllS ROME could be served from the proposed lines within the time limit and cannot remem- drawn oil the nap (the cost of extensions ber them all afterward, and because he is (Continued nnIn Jpage Ft tn rlstmersserve whn ran he reached by often completely unemployed for exten- tary of the temporary committee at the one span of wire from the mal linne, pius sive periods, at which his rate of earn- earliest possible date (preferably withi, an additilnal 150-foot service drop. is in- ings is nil, the disabled worker receives one week), together with all other data eluded in the REA loan; one span, which is Lhe distance between two poles, will compensation at the rate of only about useful for making tIe imaC,. vary front approximate ly 2e0 to 5S0 feet, half of his curent earnings. Such was (7) When all project suney blanks dpenVidrig upon oil.al conditions); (h) all the experience of the painters studied in have been turned in, the signed blanks possille sources of supply of wholesale en- this analysis. should be arranged by townshilps and see- ergy, including both municipal lants andd July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 325

private utility companies; but no steps always thus with legislators and repre- CAROLINE F. WARE and GARDI- should be taken to obtain a wholesale power sentstives.' NER C. MEANS, in "The Modea, Econ- commitment until the mainI.ll d1emand omy in Action"': and monthly eonlsunlption dletaia are known. J. A. ESTEY in "The Labor Problem": REA will be glad to sugget when to begin "This method of group action is coam- "Collective bargaining, whether by negotiations for a wholesale rate. monly called collective bargaining; and labor or by consumers, corrects in part 9. Summary of REA requirements: The one may regard it as the essential busi- the unbalanced bargaining position of temporary committee should send the foli ness of a trade union. Collective bar- the weaker members of the economy and lowing data to REA: gaining consists in the establishment of tends on the whole to lessen the restric- (I) All project survey blanks, both signed the terms of employment for a group of tive influence of industrial policy made and unsibued. (See paragraph C.) by business. Collective (2) Project survey map, complete in de- workers through the means of their bargaining by tall, including extra piats of towns, if any. chosen representatives. It does not imply consumers almost necessarily works to- (See paragraph 7.) that there are no individual bargains; ward larger volume of production and (3) Application for loan, completely filled indeed as under any such arrangements consumption. Collective bargaining by out, dated and signed. (See paragraph 8.) indiviluals alone and not groups are labor can work either toward restriction This is all the applicant has to do until actually hired, there may be said to be or expansion, depending upon whether REA has stirlied the material and reported nothing but individul bargains. It does emphasis is placed on higher wage rates the result to the applicant. imply, however, that no individual may or higher employment. Historically, craft 10. So far as possible an REA project should be laid out in one continuous sys- be hired save under thie terms set down unions have more frequently been made ten. Scattered, disconneeted uoits should in the agreement; andl it is hb this device up of limited groups of skilled workers be avoided. that collective bargaining is collective, who sought higher rates of wages for REA engilelr5 find that an electric dis- and it is thus that it puts its limits to themselves through restriction while in- trilution system which is to he owned and competition. It is not so much a collec- dustrial unions have tended to adopt a operated idepe'dently by aI farners co- tive bargain as a rnn-competitive bar- broader perspective of their industry and operative non-prnofitr corporation can gain. It is not the hiring of worlers eol- work for more empioyment and wages proably not ie operated on a sound finan- leetively, but the estabishment of rules for all. cial basis rllIs. it embraces at least 50 and preferably eore miles of line, to serve under which any individual may be hired. "So long as bargaining continues as an all average or not fewer than three eus- "Collective bagaining is the very es- economic procedure, collective bargaining tomers per lile. The policy or REA tends sence of unionisnL. It is its principal rea- by consumers and workers is essential to to larger projetrs than this, and if an son for existing. Without it unions be- overcome the expanded bargaining power otherwise feasible project fails fully to come little more than fraternal or social of the modern couporation. However, col- serve an insrrreid area, RBA will require organizations. With it they begin to ful- lective bargaining is unlikely by itself to that it be lenurged to include as much produce the condition of full and ef- of the unserved area as is economically fill their essential pulpose. For only possible. through collective bargaining can wage feetive use of resoures." Subject to variatins made necessary by earners uphold their standards of Collective bargaining has come to stay differing local conditions, the minimum living. * as a definite part of the machinery of monthly bill which each ecustier will probh- * "The fundamental characteristic industrial relations. ably have t, pay will he between $2.50 and of all collective bargains is the establish- $3.75. This will pIty for 40 to 50 kilowatt- hours of energy. flt the average monthly ment of what the Webbs have called 'the MORE LIGHT ON QUESTION OF common rule' setting up standards in bill iunst he hghrr than this minimum for SKILL SHORTAGE the project to ,e self-liquidating. regard to wages, hours and the various The conistrui on cost of REA projects incidents of employment by which all em- (Continued from poge 29) has averaged a little less than $1.00 per ployees shall be ruled, These standards three or four weeks when there were half nile (the c rangeast generally being be- are minimum requirements below which a dozen big jobs going on. However, tween $850 and $1,100 per Tile), varyilg none can be hired. Wages cannot be there was according to local conditions of terrain, no shortage of bricklayers, be- required amount of tree trimming, nlumber lower, hours longer, nor conditions of cause Memnphis had no trouble in bringing of customers per mile, etc. REA will lend work less advantageous than those stipu- them in from Atlanta. In these cases, the entite cost of the line, if the project lated in the agreement. Thus, while the bricklayers employed on WPA work meets all requirementa. workmen compete for work they cannot get temporary jobs. On the other hand indulge in that particular kind of compe- in some city like Rochester, N. Y., where tition which consists in offering to work they have a lot of machine-tool operators, TWO LITTLE WORDS-WHAT DO for less wages, longer hours or under less and at Cleveland where there is a short- THEY MEAN? desirable conditions of work than their age of machine-tool operators, what do Continued fromt page 29) fellow employees. Competition thus has we find? We find on an examination of true or that the cost of living justifies been raised to a higher plane. Whatever the rolls that we have none of that par- increases. Gradually each side feels the eompetition there is must be in efficiency, ticular type of skill on our rolls, or, if other out, and, by preliminary sparring, reliability, skill or other superiorities" we have, they are men of 60 or 65 years tests the other's strength. Point after G. D. H. COLE in "Organized Labour": of age--men that the industry will not point is discussed. Separate caucuse s 'An asocielation of workmen is not a employ. may be held as to the wisdom of yielding trade union unless it attempts by collec- One of the other charges that you hear or holding out; each side usually votes as tive bargaining to regulate the conditions around is that you cannot get domestic a unit. Final agreement often awaits the its m,embers'employmcnymt. It mayadopt servants becau se the women are on the settlement If two or three items which different methods of doing this, but in WPA roll at wage rates highelr than can both parties believe to be strategic and every case some form of negotiation with be paid domestic servants Well, we have crucial, and in the end, if agreement is the employers is involved. Nowadays, in examined those charges. We examine the to be reachIed at 11a,just as when nations nearly every ease, the elployers are or- situation ill a given city as to whether are peaceably trying to adjust their dis- ganiwed i nan association of their own, so they have had experience as domestic putes, one demand will be traded for an that in the normal instan.e collective bar- servants, or whether many of them have other or the differences will be sipiL. At gaining takes place between two associ- had experience as domestie servants. In all events the hinal settlement is a coni- ations, each speaking for a large propor- many instances, domestic servants are promise, It will probably he a 50-50 tion of the trade or industry to which required to sleep in, but a woman who proposition if the sides are of equal the negotiations refer. There are still, of may have three or four children cannot strength: if one party is appreciably more course, non-federated employers, though take such a job if she has to sleep in. powerful than the other, the comprmise they are less numerous proportionately Then, it is nearly always true that the will favor the former. It should also he thin unorganized workers; but non-fed- wages offered to these people are notori- renembered that almost alvxays the erltedl firms ln most cases follow tile ously low. When you cxanmine the offers negotiators have two or three audiences: conditions established by bargaining be- that are made for the employment of There is the opposing side, the home con- tween, the employers' and workers' as- these people, you will see the shockingly sti.ueney. and the general public. It is soeiations." low wages that are offered. They are so 326I The Journal of tElectrical Workers and Operators Jduly, 19317 low that I do not wonder that people will unemployment, rendering tbe, unfitted for decline in lIInnld for workers on private not take many of the jobs offered for a return to their old jobs. contracts with the coming of colder weather domestic service. As long as I can re- 3, The severe requirements as to age and and the fact that the Works Program in- member, there have been complaints on experiencest by many employers, causing ludes a larle proportion of construction the rjection of many workers who, In times projects on ,whicli irtain number of skilled the subject of the shortage of domestic of greater demand. would be considrera to building workers nmst be retained in order help. be aeptable for employ"men; In a great to employ a very much greater number of We have a situation now where a large many industries there is little hope for needy unskilled workers,. number of the skilled workers in the employlent of a man over 4eU A worker was rated aa learly acceptable building trades have left us, and we have 4. Gradual changes over a period of years to private employers, in making the studies adjusted the projects so that the addi- in supply of workers willing to {trform cer- in these three cities, if he was under 50 years tional projects will not require that type tain types of agricultural ;il domestic of age, had no physical handileap, reported work at prevailing rates. at leoat three years' experience in his trade of skill. You cannot do that 100 per 5. A tndenecy on the piL of same em- and hadl been employed at his trade for some cent and have an efficient program. Our ployers to offr less than standriid wages or period during the past five year. In the program is adjusted to come within the working conditions and to complain of labor case of bricklayers these requisites were realities of reovecry in the terms of types shastages when they hnre ificulty in filling somewhat relaxed, on the basis of inforin of skill that industry is now requiring. such jobs. This factor is particularly im- tion onaqualifietions of workers ,hi hhad We shall have to continue to make ad- portant in the case of is.iner.t servants and gone into private employment during M93. justments. In my opinion, the building farm workers. (Wages in both of these The rating systeem used gar reults sub- industry will thow a higher index for ieis are notorionuslv lu. In the case of stantially in agreement with those nlade by domestics nut only are wages low but hours officials of the Ohio Statea zta yryent Ser- 1937 than in 1936, and we shall have are long and yuung women. are increasiigly vice in a srprial tedt condutetd in Cleveland. fewer skilled workers on WPA rolls than unwilling to accept what they regrd as the The standards applied are certainly far les we have had. menial status given them by such work. exacting than those demanded by a great I am inserting in the record a ate- 6. RIeslriction of employment to union number oif enhyll ,v ment concerning this problem, including members in good standing., in some areas and In the light of these inquiries there is some of the studies we have made. some occupations. It should be noted, how- little substantiation for the claim that the ever, that unions are reinstating old members The statement follows: Works Progress Administration is retarding and accepting new members in soul areas reemploymnet hy retaining needed workers where this facor is operative. on Worka Progress Administration jobs. If LABOR SHORTAGE AND JOB 7. Seasonal character of many agricultural there ar shortages they must be nliecrled REFUSALS jobs. in some other way than by shutting down The attached table covering a survey mad e the Works Prorahm. A lot of training will Statements have been made from time iu Rochester. N. Y., Milwaukee, Wis., and have to be done. Older skilled workers must to time by various employers and pub- Cleveland, Ohio, indicates the extent to be given a chance.Domestic service will have lheists that serious labor shortages exist. which the Works Progress Administration to be made more attractive in wages, hours, Such statements are often made with the i employing acceptable workers in trades in and social status, Farm laborers will have implication that these alleged shortages which shortages exist. It will be nteid, for to earn more than the $180IS-a-year family example, that in Rochester, where there is are due to the unwillingness of Works wage found oln the cotton plantations or the a shortage of machinists, only seven workers 50 cents a dai with board offered in one Progress Administration workers to judged to be acceptable to employers were county in the north. On such baser there leave their jobs and take private jobs e'illloyed On Works Progress Addninitration. have always existed "labor shortage.* when offered them. Extensive investiga- The remaining 43 Works Progress Adminis During the last two years we have investi- tions have been made on both these tration machinists were Judged to be not gated over 5,000 cases of alleged job refusals fronts, showing that both assumptions acceptable or of doubtful acceptability. The and found exactly 42 persons who refused are grossly exaggerated or untrue, situation, in general, is somewhat similar in to take a job for reasons which were not the other trades and cities covered by the justifiable. The best and only fair test on Careful inquiries and surveys dealing report. The larger number of building with labor shortages were undertaken this sears is to call for help. offer a reason- trades workers employed by the Works able living wage, and see how inny workers during the latter half of 1936 in 38 urban Progress Administration probably reflects a resPond, and rural areas scattered through the country. The reports show that such Number of workers employed on Works Progress Administration projects at oc- shortages as really did exist were very cupations claimed to hare labor shortages, classified by acceptability in private few in number and were confined to cer- industry, November 1936. and number of gainful workers in these occupations tain highly skilled trades, particularly in in 1930, in three selected cities. the building, mechanical and metal in- Employed on Works Proa¢c.e dustries; to domestic service workers; Admi rtiratio projectsm and to certain kinds of agricultural Gainfatl of workers during peak periods of agricul- Ooapatlion waoker1ra930 doubtful aI Not e- (ceneus elassifiolion) ( S.C.k eSsu Acc'ptabIe eptabifity Ieptahi, tural activity. Rochester. N. Y.: The immediate cause of such few short- Machinists 3,832 7 a ages as existed was, of coursc. the sharp Toolmakers, die setters, and sinkers 862 38 increase in industrial activities in many Welders (.) 13 3 lines. With the chance of new profits, Brick and stone masons, tile layers 1,006 26 35 certain employers who have been able to Tinsmiths and sheet-metal workers 667 58 a Eletriuian 1,182 10 19 hire the pick of the labor market at their 6 own price are shocked to find that the Milwaukee. Wis.: 17 Machinists 8,73 selections are not so unlimited and that 19 17 68 Iron mohlders 073 26 102 labor prices are stiffening. In general ]]ir4k ad stone masons, tile layers 173 1,388 17 63 72 the facts shaw that there is a tremendous Pisterers 540 17 16 3l25 labor surplus particularly in the unskilled Timnamnithlsand sheet-metal workers 1,173 17 31 and semiskilled groups which compose Electricians 2,208 15 the great majority of Works Progress Structural-iron workers (building) 34s13 14 3 29 Administration workers. The findings Cleveland. Ohio:' with regard to the underlying causes of Machinists . 12.489 30 36 84 Toolmakers, die setters, and sinkers 2.210 5 labor shortages in highly skilled oceupa- 7 13 Screw-machine aperators CI) 73 20 47 thun aid certain special fields may be Grinders 868 28 3 l4 summarized as follows: Brick and stone masons, tile layers 2209 211 106 123 Tinasmiths and sheet-metal workers - 2,545 22 19 39 REASONS FOR LABOR SHORTAGES *Not ascertainable. 1. The almost omnpletesuspension of ap- Figures for the number of worker employed on Works Progress Administration projects prentice training during the depression. classified by usual occupations are not available for Cleveland. The figuires shown ar esti- 2. Loss of skill on the part of many for- mated totals of certified workers in listed occupation. as determined from the number of certi- mrs workers, due to age and long-continut d fied workers reinrviewed by U. S. Emnployanent Service, through December 14. July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 327

Donald E. Arnold. L. U. No. 827 Iniiated Juty 1, 1936 Whereas it being the Wil of our Alnmilghy Gods in Hin infite wisdom. to remove from our midst our esteemed and worthy recording secretary and Brother. Donald E, Arnold: and Whereas i the death of Brother Arnold our Lotal Union No. . of the International Brotherhood olf lectrical Workers has lost one of its true and devoted members: there- fore be it Agnes Coan, L. U. XNo. B-1006 Alfred Griffiths, L. U. No. 326 Resolved. That Local Union No. 8a recog- Initiaed March 5,1936 itiated N ,oveilmber23, 1916 izes itA great loss in the passig of Brother Awold and hereby expresses its appreciation It is with the deepest sorrow and regret that Whereas the Almighty God, in His infnite of his services to the cause of the mother- we, the members of Local Union B-006. wisdiori hasremoved fomn our midst one of hood: and be it further 1. B E. W record the passing of Agnes Con. thile rost respected members of our local Resolved. That Local Unio No. 827 tender Whereas in the death of Agnes Coan our union, it is ,ith a feelng of sincere regret its deepest and most sincere sympathy to the local union has lost one of our amost sincere that we must realie tlhat Brother Alfred wife and relatives of our late Brother in their sUpporers and devoted members, it is more Criffiths is no longer with us: time of great bereavement: and be it further than the customary feeling of symlpathy Whlere.al the absnce of hi, friendly fellow- Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions and regret that we extend to ister CoanS ship and cheerful nature Will be keenly felt be sent to the wife of our late Brother, ait copy family,. for we. too, have lost a true and by all who knew him, leaving behind him be spread upon the minutes of our Local Unlion oyal friend and sorrow with them: and there an epitaph which oiild be written as: A' No 827 and a copy be sent to the offlcial Jour- fore be it sincere and loyal member of our Brother- nal of our Brotherhood for publication. Resolved, That we drape the charter for 00 hood"; thereforc be it LOCAL UNION NO. 827. days that copiesli of this tribute be ent to Resolved. That ,~ pay tribute to his memory INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD her family, to our Journal and be spread by expressing to his wife and children our OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS. upon ouir minutes sorrow at thie liss of a devoted husband, a BY C. N. SCHiULTE. President JOHIN J, HAVEY. lving father: and be it further A. C. HOPKINS, Financial Secretary. B. M, L. U. I 1006, Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to his family, a copy recorded in our MICHAEL DONOVAN, minutes and a copliy sent to our Jo..rnal and HERBERT L MORRISS lhe Carl Aubrey. L. U. No. 79 MARION M. BOSSE, Ritathat ..ou~r , Itititt,charter ",, JMdraped d L,for ah60 days.ib(y Committee. JOHN F ONEILL, Initiated October 2, 1925 FTANK LUNDY. Local Ui/iot No 70 has lost through suldden FRED BARNES, and inexpected death a true and loyal friend Mlichael J. Fitzgibbons, L. U. No. 702 JOlHN DOYLE. whom the Great Master called from our midst Committee. on Wednesday, May 5, 1937 In paying tribute Lriltted S[epltember 28, 1916 to our late Brother Carl Aubrey. it is with raore than the customary feeling of firaterni Whereas it has pleased Almihlty God, in Sfanley Anrirm. L. i[. No. 124 that we extend our sympathies in his troubled His infinite widom, to so suddenly remove Initiaed March 24, 1914 and bereavdbrae family, for we likewise are frirn our midst our esteemed and worth; bowed in grief The entire local union stood Brother lichael $ Fitzgibbons: and Whereas it has pleased Almighty God, in Whl reas in Ith, death of Brother Fitzgihbons His infnite wison, to remove our esleemed for one minute in silent prayer to the memory Loeal Union No. 702 of the I B E W. has and loving Brother Stanley Antirim: and of our departed Brother and resolved to add Wlhereas Local Union No. 121 Intenational a few words of comfort to those so near and losi one of its hue and devoted member; all therefore be it ]rotherhood of Electrical Workers, has lost dear, and which we feel in asincerity and in his parsing one of the most true and de- friendliness will aid you hi bearing your ReSolved That Local Union No. 702 recog- oted members of its organization and one heavy burden of grief ri/es il leatl loss in the patslng of Brother Your orrow iike Fitzgibbons. and hereby exprese it appre- who wai held in high estee by everyone is yur work i the sense ritiMon Il, who knevw him: therefore be it that it is a mirror which reflects tile face oi ..rv.ees , the ause of our iResolved That we ay t ribbite to lis meImor that looks into it If yliott merely endure your Brotherhood and be it further suffering ylou do no miore than do the beasts Resoveed That Locli Union No 702 tenders by ,expresing to bis faily and friends sincere sympathy: be it further of burden If your sufferings lead you to do its sincere synpatli to the family of our lat( more kind things, ou show lthe ner qualities Brother in thher time of bereavement: and Resolved That we send Copies of thi reso- be it further hition to his wife and family: be it further of the huniman. II through your sufferings you Resolved, That or charter be draped for reach out 1to beome somthng beraver and Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions better than you ever have been. you manifes be sent to the fanilr of our late Brother. a a period of 30 days in honor of his menmory. copy be spread on the minutes of our Lo.a be it firlther the divine within you All three capacities Union No 702. and a copy be sentt to he Resolred. That we send copies of this resolu- dwell in sour heart With Gods help you will lion to our Journal and that copies be spread be able to s cart- yourself that your sorrow official Journial of the I B E W for publi- and cation in the minutes for a permanent record. will reflect the highest best that is withm E L. TILLMAN. FRED H. GOLDSMITH, )oui F. C udlnng. ARTHUR A ERICKSON Ii fhal - esolve,proper record anld distri- JOE McGRATH. R, E SMILEY. bution will be made and ou hatr shall be MILT SOLOMON, Coinmi tte e draped for a slitable period of respect and Commiitee memory JOHN NEAGLE. William Iverson. L. U. No. 77 YALE KETCHIUM, Charles Ilf. anni, L. U. No. o1 Initiated Ma. 28. 1916 HARRY RICHTER, /nili(ted February ii, 1937 It is with deepest regret and heartfelt s.m- Committee. pathy for his family that we, the members Whereas the Almighty God, in His inflnite of Local Union No. 77. ,record the passing of wisdom, has removed from our midst our es- our Brother, William Iverson: therefore he it Arthur Lynch, L. U. No. 6 teemed and loyal Brother. Charles H Ilanni; Resolved That we. in the spirit of brotherly Iniiated september, 2914 therefore be it love, pay tribte tohis meanmory by express- It is with sincere feeling of sorrow and Resolved, That we extend to his wife and ing to his family our sdincere sympathy; and regret that we, the members or Local Union family our sinere sympathy; and be it fulther be it further No. 6. mourn the loss and passig of our Resolved. That our charter he draped for Resolvedd That our charter be draped for a Brother, Arthur Lynch: therefore be it a period of 30 days ii, respect to his memory: period of 30 days; and be it fNrther Resolved, That we pay tribute to his memory and be it further Resolved, That a copy of Ihese resolttions by expressing to his family our sincere sym- ReSOlved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to his family, a copy he sent to our pathy; and be it further be sent to the family, a copy be spryiead upon minutes oflicial Journal for publication, and a copy Resolved That our charter be draped for a the of the local and a copy be sent be preaid in full upon the minutes of LoCal ,rind of 30 days in respecl to our departed to the official Journal for publication Union No, 77. Brother: and be it further GEORGE A EVANS, HERBERT NELSON. Resolved. That a copy of these resolutions I E. BINELHAI. W. A, VEATCH, be sent to his family, a copy to be spiread L. P. MORGAN R L. STROOPE on ,ij minutes and aopy e senttto the Committee. Committee. Electrica Workers Jou for publicatien. A, LUrrN. Joseph Roscoe Griffith, L. U. No. 309 Victor Long, L. U. No. 125 C MATTESON, initiated February 22, 1916 E. JOHNSON, Initiated Seltember 25, 19±4 Committee. As we press onwrd to o r great rewIard, Whereas Local Union No 309 ias been e pause fr-m tinm to ti to record the called upon to pay t ast respc to Brother parsing of a true friend and ioyal Irother Robert E. Shean, L. U. No. 193 dJosephRoec' Griffith who died on Mar 14i Who has made the cyel before us So we 1937. as a result of an accident while o;rking: pay tribute to the menory of Brother Viclor Tititled IMarc 24. 19P0 therefore be it Long for his admirable quplitie- consci- It is wit, deep sorro and regret that we. Resolved, That we, in the spirit of brotherly enlliu , orker and his unswerving loyalty l memberstie of Loea! union No 193, record love, pay tribue to his memor by expressing lo ILcal Union NNo 12 the pasing of Brother Robert E Shean: our sympath, to his family: and be it further With heartfelt feelin we extend our syrn- therefore be it Resolved That oir eharter be draped for pathy to his bereaved family for we. too. Resolved. That our sincere sympathy be ex- a period of 30 days: and be it ft.rther have feilt his 1os. and sorrow with them tended to tle bereaved family of Brother Resolved That copy of lithee resolutions In memory of Brother Long our charter Sliean; and he it fulrther be snt to his family a copy be sent to our shall be draped for 30 day. a copy of tHis Resolved, That our charter be draped for official Journal for publication and a copy tribute sent to his bereaved family and copies a -riod of 30 days inl reset and memory be red ,upon the minutes of LOcal Union ill be spread on the minute of our meeting of our dearted Brother: and be it further No. 3n and sent to our Journal for nublication, Resolve. That a copy of these resolutions JAMIES ALTIC D B, ALGER be selt to the famiiy of our late Brother, a CHESTER M COUCH, C H LOUDERBACK. copy slied ..on our minutes anld a copy sent A J. FAlHRENKVOG, E HELLENGCER oo oflictal Jounal for publication Commitfee Committee L. J, GLEASON 328 The JouraI of Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

Resolved. That a copy of this resolution be Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be Cler lurkard, L. U. No. 5 sent to his family, a coy spread on the min- sent to his family, a copy spread on the Inliated Juo 27., 106 utes of our local anda copy snt to the minutes of out loCal and a copy sent to the Electrical Workers' Jounial or publain Electrical Wor.kers Journal for publication. Whereas Almighty God. in His insnite wis- JOHN P, DIMMER JOHN P. DIMMER dom. has removed from our midst our es- RAYMOND U. SOUDWAY. RAYMOND E. BOUDWAY, teemed and worthy Brother. Cien, Surkard; ARTHUR GALLANT. and ARITHUR GALLANT. Committee. Whereas in the death of Brother Burkard Comlnilieo Lacal ileon No. 05, of the International Broth- erhood of Electrical Workers, has lost one I)EATH CLAIMS PAID FROM JUNE 1, of its true and devoted members; therefore H. G. Nicklin, L. U. No. 349 be it INCLUDING JUNE 30, 1937 Resolved. That Local Union No. 6I recog- Initiated May 1, 1917 L. U. nizes its great loss in the passing of Brother Whereas Alnighty God, in HIfis wisdom, has No. Nae Amount Burkard and hereby expresses its appreciation taken from our midst our esteemed and of his services to the cause of our Brother- Worthy Brother. H G Nicklin; and 59 A. C, Woerner . $1.000.00 hood: and be it further Whereas Local Union No, 349, of the Inter- I10. O,, Ii Kern 1,000,00 Resolved, That local Union No. 65 tenders national Brotherhood of Eletrical Workers,. 65 C. Burkard 1,600.00 its sincere sym0J hy to the rtnlfy of Mir has lost by the sudden death of Brother 326 A. Griffitha good Brother in theirime o greast bereave- Nicklin a true and loyal member; therefore 1,00.00 ment: and be it further be it 193 R, E. Sheen 1,000.00 esolved. Tiat a opyf of tlhse resolutions Resolved, That Local Union No. M9 hereby 309 Joseph R. Griffith 1,000.00 be sent to the fail of ouriate Brother, a expres.es its appreciation o his services to 1, 0., 1 C. Waeson 1,000.00 copy be spreadI on t minutes or our Loael our cause and our sorrow in the knowledge Union No 65 and a copy be sent to the official of his passi: and be it further 225 W. J. Hullan ..... 300.00 Journal of our Brotherhood forbublcation Resolved. That the membership extend its 349 IH.G. Nicklin 1,000.00 CHARLSS C, JOHNSON. ym thy to the family of our late Brother 38 Donald Cralib 1.000.00 AlfF.RD it. AXKIN. in eir time of great sorrow; and be it IRVING NANKERVIS, further J. J. Young Com ittee. Resolved. That a copy of these resolutions 3 John A. McDowell 1,000.00 be sent to the family of our late Brother, 817 John Bradley 1,000.00 copy be spread upon our minuts of our John C. Lannon, [,. U. No, 408 loal union and a copy be sent to the official ,0. John C. MeOibney 1,000.00 3 Richard Erwin 1,000,00 Initiated FetruN I. 1935 b Journal for publication. C. O. GRIOW B-702 J, C. Hammond 300.00 Whereas Almighty God, in His inftnite wis- BENJAMIN MARKS, 116 J. W. Spiaulding 1,000.00 dom, has removed from our midst our es- Conmmittec. 6 R. P. Adams 14.68 teemed and worthy Brother, John C. Lannon; and 544 B. L, Watt 1,000.00 Whereas In the death of Brother Lannon Frank Thompson. L. U. No. 349 124 S. (C. Antril 1,000.00 Local Union No. 408, of the Intenational 33a C, E, Wilson Brotherhood of lectrical Workers, has lost Initiated June 17, 1903 1,000.00 one of its true and loyal members: therefore 713 F. A, Boegen 1,000,00 be it Whereas Almighty God, in His wisdom, has 1047 F. P. Southworth 1.00(1.00 taken from our midst our esteemed and worthy ReSoiyed That our sincere sympathy be ex- 130 R. J. Frederic 1,000.00 tenrded to the bereaved farmily of Brother Lan- Brother, Frank Thompson; and non in their time of great sorrow; and be it Whereas Local Union No S4. of the Intr- 817 E. M. Van Loan 1,000.00 national Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. 3 A. B. Smith lost by the sudden death of Brother 1,000.00 Reolved That our charter be draped for a has 488 S. V. liedberg 1.000,00 period of 30 days in respect and memory of Thmpson a true and loyal member: therefore our depared ]Brother; and be it further be it 134 A. J. Bouhan 1,000.00 Resolved. That a COpy of these resolutions ReSolved. That Local Union No.9 hereby 827 D. E. Arnold 300.00 exprses its appreciation of his serviees to be sent to the family of our late Brother, our cause and or sorrow in the knowledge 569 Wm. It. Verdon 475.00 a copy rad o0 the minutes and a copy sent 145 Leo Sheehan to our ofeiial Journal for ubtl.ca]tio. of his pasit;: and be it further 1,000.00 S. KCEALL. Rerolved. hat the membership eTenld its 397 G. I). Bullock 1,000.00 president. synpathy to the family of our late Brother 125 II. W. Allen A. L. SMITH. in their time of great sorrow; and be it 1,000.00 Reording Seretary. further 38 Guy Taylor 1,000.00 Reolyved, That a copy of these resolunions 58 D. B. Coleman be sent to the family of our late Brother, John M. Cramin 1,000.00 opy be spread p our minutes of our 1 Harry W. Allen. L.. U. No. 125 1,00G. local rnlom and a copy be sent to the official 18 F, W. Booth ... 300.00 Journal for publication. 780 R. E. Duncan Initiated December 16. J921 13Y.131..1 The loss of an outstanding member ofan C. 0 CRIG M. 3 Bernard A. Purcell 1,000.00 BENIJAMIN MARKS, 1.000.00 organization is always a sha-. When the Committee 103 William D. Renner loss is sudden ad unexpcted it seems to 656 Jaes M. St. Vrain 1,000.00 overwhelm the senses w th the futility of 1,000.00 expressions of sorrow and sympathy. ocal 52 Frederick Klu ge .. Union No. I finds it so in recnrdbing the James St. Vran, L U.INo. 65 1.0. II. F. Schaefer 1,000,00 passing on of Brother Harry W, Allen. Initiated March J, 1915 787 F. L. Barrett (balance) 500.00 member, a splendid friend and A valued 483 John Cushman -150.00 a good citen-we shall deepl mrs him. U The untimely passing of our esteemed 150.00 words could convey to his oved on the Brother brings home to all of us the fact that 18 John I'. Clark depth of sympathy which we extend to them ,no man knoweth when his hour eometh" C. F. tlowe 150.00 of all members of 1.0. 150.00 In this grief which we. in a measure, share The sincere sympathy 39 William Argue with them, we would command those words. Local Union No. 0 goes out to the bereaved 150.00 But words seem such fuie thigs. We can naembeT -f our loved Brother's famit 586 John hi. Iammerm only say we Lnow your loss and in so far as Jimmie wll1 be greatly missed by althose we may. we bear it with you, who had the pleasire of knowing him, Totial $39,239.58 The charer of LoCal nion No. 125 shall be draped for 3W days i memory of Brother 'The clock of life is wound but once Allen. and this tribute to his memory shall And no man has the power be apred upon the minutes of our meeting. To tell tust when the hands will stop OPENING THE GOLDEN GATE Copies shall be sent to the bereaved family, At late or earlly hour Radio Local B-202. of San Francisco, and to our Journal for publication. poured many extra dollars into the pockets of H. O. ORWIG, Your ommittee desires that a copy of our R. I CLAYTON. expresslon of sympathy be sent to the fIsmfly its members with its new agreement with the 0. O HUNTER, of our late Brotr, py to the offeial Remler Company, said to he the only union Committee. Journal and a copy be spread on the minutes of Local Union No 65 manufacturer of radios west of Chicago. The of 20 Adopted by Local Union No. 15 in regular JOE THOMPSON, company siRnled for a blanket increase meeting assembled. June 11. 1937. T W. ROBBINS, cents an hour, recognition of the union, and WIlIAM J. CONROY. the 40-hour week with imo and onohal for Committee John W. Hodeson. L, U. No. 333 overtime and holidays. 1917 Initiated Febuaru. 1i, Charles E. Wilson, L. U. No. 333 'PHONE GIRLS GET RAISE To record the pasing of any emenber of Initated December 15, 1922 our organization rins a realiatiotli of los" W ages of 1,800 telephoneo perators em- When that member has grown old in tie A deep and heartfelt loss was suffered by ployed by the Chesapeake and Potomac Tle- service of labor. the loss seems intensified Local Union No. 33. of Portland with the phone (C,, in Washington, D. C., were raised A sorrowful inderstandig or tOils fact has in of our esteemed rother, Charles E been i ressed on us by the pasing of our lsn Brother Wilsons genial personality at an nnual added coat to the company of beloved Brother. John W Hodeon. and admirable character made hitm well liked $250,010, shortly after a local of telephone Whereas we wish to exyrosa or dee p- wherever he went. Thus his loss is deply operators was chartered by the Telephone preiation of the drmiIab~ qualitieso ua felt and his place will be bard to fill: there- deceased Brother; therefore be it for e it OperatorsDepartment of the 1. B. E. W. Resolved. That we pay tribute to hi, mem- Resolved. That we pay tribute to his m .m- ory by expresing our deep sympathy and cry by expreing our deep l,.i.paitly and sincere condolenre to his falily; and be it sincerecondolence to his family: and be it The only hope of preserving what is best further further lies in the practice of an inmense charity, a Resolved. That our charter be draped for Resolved, That our eharter be draped for a wid, tolerance, a sincere respect for opinions a period of 30 days in his memory: and be it period of 30 days in his memory: and be it fulther further that are not ours--P. C. trnerton. July, 1937 The Journal of Electrica Workers and Operators 329

LOCAL UNION OFFICIAL RECEIPTS FROM MAY 1! TO JUNE 10, 1937

L U. Nu~..O L. U. N,[or.s L.U. Nu~mm r U. Nu.InEg LU Nglas.. 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L. U. Na. L.IU. xa~n L.m. Nurau L UU N.o L~ XI. NUM6[. l-...... 3---- 333701 492 M- -....-----311286 311415 02-..-..-... X96 556820 79 -...... 300-23 O-.-...... -- ~O 43...... --1MOMUs6 MI" 610 -_- .--26452 28498 702_ ---- 1 5 82029 800 ...... ]61839(1 169398 PI$------MUG1U 4 ------. .. 7NOW a 10 .... 635284 WOMM 7{2...-..-- 1-751 N80 ...... _ 752 175256 372...... sesVS ------~p 494 ------.. 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M7133.. 22719~ 882 -8-- __3194? 4 3 -5641 55659 580 7-027l 3ntM 681..-..... 5216 521700 774-...... 7;50 88{2_ - 767158 717115 415 ..... 244581 244748 581-.....-- 37031 3700 an ----.--..292819 774 ----.--- 4722 247282 8S -...... - 30706 so"09 05. - N24A003 246027 582-- --- N Mug) 182 ...... 771270 771216 775...... 26917 1N68A 235772 235{] 485 ....- 47504I 471 2-----...... 281887MUS ...... 7 -- a M 76 ------.792M18 792544 ~P.... ---522fi01 4---- 62291 62297 583 259 5 937 - --..-. 310871 310952 ------296154 29B167 88 ]192793 192790 466 ------4 M8 R 58- ---- 347378 347418 am ------2116861 777..-....- 2152 215294 816 .... 375182 375216 4- __.481 WON 586 ------770314 77039*8 689 633 634344 777 ------26642 86658 867 281012 231617 4 ...... 2914 2715 588 .-...... 60484 60517 O8N ...... 42-- 4446 778 -.------257796 287851 867 -----.. 312586 312672 470 2504lM..... 2,%414 8 --.-.. 302136 sule) 68 -..--...... 2 M9M1 77 -.-....-- W15 471...... 2-1-- 231432 589 ....-.. 183159 MUT .....------as 55O --.. -----. 790333 79]344 f~ ...-... 2B0616 2MMF", 471 -..... 4 7 590 ---.-..... 21096 21101 1...... 54--3 5 780 ------960V 29F4)77 898'_ 2M02 44 ------8 59 ------..... 3541 352!4 No -...... 778600 8612 70 ----.-.. ..6 26 Wa25830 O--...... -- 7R71 767T 47 .------...4M 40532 9.....-.. i 23-360 G-...... 4 328017 3~8 8 -.-...... 771 77579 1 --....-.... 44--)2M3 4" 475, ~.....27319 227915 4 483 U8 493--69-...... -81667 1Smla 7 -.-.-...... -3 76 223710 475-- -.247136 M71u M45------770 Bi.697 -.---- 511 Sim Pl.-.-.... 4247= 42477( On, TONS55 711';0 477- 9W321 9I §0 995 ------327014 M M B --.--.-. 97670 9M IT B8 __-_-25-576_ 245614 GM ... _...2259~0) 2"ro 479 ...... ]5182 25M Nt -95------1W M7_-61870~ __--2---- 62411%!WMB- -85____._26-0M M 0858 gm --- 479 ..... 60---- 670245 596 ------870 68 ------17 1780] TV----- ISITS 11117 892 ... 9MONO 9644 0~64911O 479 .... 776203 O -96-...... 44O0 440942 8 --...... - 2011 245017 7 --.--...- 6 166538 897 ___ 240W 248856 4 . ~28M9 n 3M2 59-...... 7 Wa0g4581 on 71.T...... 9/Tat ---...-..- -- m MIS49 699 .... _ _*M319 N5663 481. .{ 942 TOMq 59No _ __51I07 515423 702 --...... 3404M 791...... - 5- 29M770 9 __ ----. 4014 404 1 ...... Guam82 gm ------2" 2H TV ------.237855 2=90 791...... -- 91073 291146 482 ...-... 220963 m-....-.- 25196 2M2M 7 - -...... 3-24442 8 In ------1 2 ?55I92 482 ... M8M 499092 Ml -.... 61543 61547 702 ...... 331201 32124 5 79 -..... -- NOW80 98 90 ---- 490340D 49<0345 4P- - 28351 23841 601...... - 61548 Orilal 7 --...... - 01 M13186 71 -...... 17§714 175717 GM9O4, , II30 17613 483 - {{65 MM3 60I- ...... 4-7101 497121 702 _ _24U,8 2NUN 79I 442284 _ -....'8 1] 781187 4& .....--- 28a 44840 ml1 __-----VIV 77028 7 -...... 491824 491872 74------74021 74 809 SMO23T01 Z3WU 48 ...... 958 1879 6--2 20677 702------2073 4229M 7 --...... 17-46 0 ------28 9 462 488 . 12143 12182 602--- 424 44M60 702 ....----492347 4967 ...... 796 -786753 78761 910 ...... IN9 1420 48 ----- :8 74 125376 -2.....- 884M3 4PW IN70-.-.... -- 813731 533980 798...... - 59- 59601S 910 - 4_-A Mi 492-- 8 5802 05837 604 _N261056 261053 702 85t811 168878 79 - 224792 M2W09 911..... 1731B8 I73190 July, 1937 The Journal of Electrical Workers and Operators 331 1

L.U. N!...{{a I LU 911 ...... 399-0I 1037.. Mll)1 FINDS 313-20373t-I 130-14597i, 5[~T13. MB.9 012 ...... 4376 1037.... .129911 129895 _48,95, 810, {~{ 64mm 9435_mm h ~101,9~ 91 -...... 379345 379428 MI10 416351 14~-654555 918...... 225MN 229567 6iN]402O 151--777499- 50 919- - 3M, 9:13248 I04I .... 3451 32250 177U--29~, 654, 628606 953-167$~1.*S,~q0 92 ------.314562 554-932122 923....---- 289 i38101 B-10I.4, 23411 23461 196--1171, 57=.'10,"M 923 ...... 17741D5 171198 11-1141 ----- 24751 5971%80016-010 102--p56161 213 93...... 480374 48,0375 B-194 .--- 228692 62.~25530 3,1--505709 612057 103~1574199 7GU41§ 4gS. 24 =.....39121 231,30 B-1045 24....7671 247502(6800 633 AFFID-855 ,437. 43. 475 923 ..... 161365 163866 137 ... =195-954 1037--100215 928 5F~..55509 565612 22864~ 277~2'52 V,.1041-3D, M"5, 31745. -9209-.-..- _ 191 M3~12 47 --....-- 6650 1 665232 Il'-';"Il4-Lj1.64~ 22(~ 2~142" 42042I"II 2 1 31/M46. S0I. 3]3. 11429 .. 34601 8-1(N 22]80" 2280M 690-26163~. 642. Ulu3, G856,349U 9 B32~9 311401 8-1048- 228392 228409 309-252891, 520508. 652599 35100S 35103-3tM0V. 932 I1969 11879 1-119.. 61 56251 5151, 66~89742-19`750 322--292517 3.530 35151, 35]75. 2_ ..... -17 5-10.i __228301 I81--1082 M37179 3.5188. 3.5191 937 i9495 69519 11-1050 ~ ~ 42889 429O8 1024605 1 631113. 08{{75 97 ----...... 67 8,1068 B-1050 .. 151011, 51139 R714-U1IIIO .- I 04230418 940...... 117272 ]]7320 B-101 ---.- 2297 229200 475-227913 arsa B_104-228039 94g --- 3] 48.7 314843 B-151----- 229793 229709 61,,121092 1057 -23446 94 -...... 315373 3{,5410 B-1051--..-- 2801 232856 B 2937-4(111I 64-1q5369 B-1068 -535527 941t_.....52024 $~0251 1054 . 23483 234838 Iqb--l71346, 348 172-970575 B-949... ---- 45733 U57576M1515 1057- _2314 65 234467 911--173]g8 114 J~1830 291860 291937 B-ol 250211 215345 94~2145721-732 695971 B.10- -- -- 248101 248193 9531198161N86 255480)05. lilXbiiillo 953 _ 517515 517740 1061_----- 230741 2.~961 996 17375 MDIStION(; I.N,13lV~ 93..... -328575 328605 B-i3 ----- 117751 117943 997--2601110 958, __ _1it 66 168900 B-1067---- M2IN0 250280 B-11003--N51704~ 564310, 326 63-7~729517942 581( 95 -...... - 144 67 14472 I{-1007_ 2 5290 M975212U71 B- ]030 225930 M0F-20554241--3-1702 107{167139-4]. 9115194-600 958 ------22824 B-1068_ --. 23550t 111570 75N-1(9-8NI 10 95434, 436 439 442. 963 ------31385 313893 202.24014 224015 B.1045--22B00111.66 247501- 448-451. 454, 458 400, 969 21:12530232562 1072...... - 8- 7573 9705?9 670 75~-73210lG53--2431974- 462 966 ..... 3;04531 30t542 106----750649 *5070 B- 104~2n21J21.255 121245489-491 970 ...... 377476 377486 109i...... ---- 0 29916 B-1049--56339-340, 374. 401. B{01324652 497104 34(-200612- 7 991" ][16114 186648 1095 .....- 207471 207474 457 6 ]0--26q~71. 594, 535327 41 205664 991 .....- -302420 302433 1095 ...... 72§~ 725927 343 52_13676.3 I(Oliri cdi 991 . - 767279 767289 loon ... .645518 645582 5N28128i 632(334 996 - ...... - 7376 B-110(.. 42458 42467 62,2~729513 691~41]-5413, 5416-5417 996 . 793317 793325 01 -.....- 7938 7946 B-3-BF 4098 641V-244205 5419. 5421 997 .... 260161 26173 11011 ---. .513781 513M3 B-3-BM 299 645--N651 7l, 142160 1-102. 19,378 194386 1118 .....-- 922 923 B-3-1BM 96~1, 9712 847243197 B-1,37241511 B-I002 _ 2493 249319 1111 -..... - 81M3 76j$$0 B-3-BM M0s3 9006-907 6?57 51460 1,173] 913. 317. 341- B-l'a 251701 231705 1131 ....-- -4924 B-3--AJ 42805 343 }-I002 564154 564362 life --- -1ftS$ 59590 B-3-()A ]5122 B-3_XG 94N520244-245 U-]006 -225923 225925 114 -...... 170156 17088 13678 97~56899, 900, 956. 959. 996F67,60 B-1006 ... 1734 17864 1141...... 314695 3[4773 8-7444t7 B-9_1817, 569770, 786 M12~3247I ]_I104~24941-9~4 951. 96r B-A ]..... 459157 ,5§1.10 1141--_ 6187191 770-239g.M153 9Mg, 970-976, to. IN~. :-1010 ---- 173 1738 1141...... 668 i 668412 1"556"t B1-J01011 21414 ] 144 ..... 5OY39~0 17 175961 984-985. 99 1,9 N399. B-101 ----.. -38 27750 114 -...... 275-712 2'{769 247679-68L §8~6st. lB-1013. --- :2119 3322 1151 --- .... 544 85546 ,1,3-27267~ 29. 424. 428, 69]-695. 703, *17. 721g. 11-01111 M0 11 3080a _ _...... 6§1177 659184 430Co43.!79-480 702-5558~4906. 753. 757 5~V7L454-455. 527 B-1015 . 321, 23234 115.. 4760 MPSP 7--0310 B.I0113 325318 =351 115. -..... Thi96 3O964 B 1017 242014 -O10D 1154 - %503 N.5--I10 817013 17il-F1613 B-1019 _226383 2264O ]15.----. 444 454 G4-531,81 0]3. 1124. 831, 7Y30112-13 B-i0123 27946 27955 1]1_,] 684-61 B.1026 226652 226675 tIIlIS~xi 45,1038 62193i 919 i4.{ 1952 1029 644110 926448 73-$83516 74247225. 28] 2I93 I B-39-27MI,36900 ~2P,6 ] 3- ]37 139 141, 567-467273-77,4 13-]3 -226,191 B.663_8t37§ 8510. 81192- ]~-H)30, 227?]K 227133 o,_,116H. 1.1012. 058 145. 179. 18!L 39U)8. 8615--103361 IF-103]., 11414 4[411 108 9,545. 467-470. 472-417 5]57285. 5715923 186530 P M-103_ 45387 45432 ] 2-3871]36 8~101442 870~64331 13i3 99164 167.]68. Ill. 10-1]47994 ]'ll ° 5z21] 1032- ]59918 1599312 107. 20f171 ]96.611686 i87617131L 313, 317, 341- VOD-N''O ID ]0136 10172 10193 175-9.7489D~49,S 103-451434. 454 343 1036 15749] 1751i0 262 .. 77334-340 311D-2951 B-517. 247639, 382 2 18588 1036 712411 782564 Iol 581504 249744. 291544 546 987~-21~60, 670 :394-225670 I10l 266I1 266992 I 302 24946; 1251~187172-173 889-26065L. 691 171 97111

((OMLMODITY THEORY OF LABOR sell o.e's service elsewhere at a little bet- WOMAN'S WORK BOBS UP AGAIN ter price, shuhl one improve one's art C( oli.II,,d ft.m pogl, 304) {(C!(in.ued from page ,3900 slightly, therewill be no inentbive for the workerto develop any DIDimfiar skill. locals of th[, 1 IL E. W. tha stprang uIF It is obvious that the real effet of such there as soonn G that big job was stated. 'The ernin pow,,r of the individual You Nee the linementraveling from job i randar...dizat tm of the bahor market worker wouId be practically limited to hre thellliinite .. indLlnltbio, afll to job, But you.Do not see the id,1.]-up ~uid whatever it hapnm....l to be at the momet oiwon cal'd that almost certainly is there .O.i.petitioI1 bctweel l fir.. or thet lhvil- when the wage scalefIr his particular hi heir pocket. able {ab.r ,upply, for a]I buyers of toil of job beame stahilihed, Tile ultimate re- given qaality woud offer £her same Nil dmabtnt the inemno, themselves c.ll suit. then, wouldbe the complet, under- find lqthel {laws in this plcture lther piic. W\hat happepnsw. hl co ,plthill minino and destruction of the skill whichd flr 1,hdr ltos and grows inactive has may bLi a tehI...ical.error or two-but (l has always been illt (f the outstanding withmn the hole it is a m agnif idetanreaistic {)o, dcons..r aited only too ¢hlarly eharaictristius of the Aolnoe,il working the Plot .e...n 'wrso. vle of,:1 fittlenklon craft. The il,,e- lhc eff'it of labor standardizati o mI.. thlo,,eIv ,inay se, iti ed ljoy Through tile goe of petfor.n. g a it they kn... what happen, when i pon, the indiv idual worker ,uld ht dis- g..rea . iert, suie ciy, imd tdilder the ()liy,unlr' ma.n's foo..)slips, ,nd they ha,,e tht, er* I'll')III, Skill ]t a l.dl' most refully vihdI L...... ind.ustr y ntr DI ...e.. (if age to faee it. Plut it"s not o, l.inemen's ii{whadtl ty,I h ell'b .b, propose. thoierrats tnotlpohsrtic pie- trrllni olind e xper"ineif it hv{,s who haIve t) ,tay at hllle slid.. it fixing practile which has ever been for their mni, to come back froIl worm ,tal a thhg with which .. e is beli...Un- foisted uon the American publwc. at the d Ig s1andiatlian,wage it w/itdd notlI' same. timoe se.kilg w< hidei behind tile I. B.E. W. RING pIoasbh toj ump ert-night. fIlol. the shIirts of the gove rllmllC frro, tction ualtificatibs which fill one job I,/ tih against high ,ag, payments and thfe ldM finol~I i d1 a f.I quabficati.on for another Iore. idifficuR .i.e.esiby of fi t .i¢lit.n.ll. g..e.., forLcd job in, htleco'lllzcd girdas of..ove, u~~~i~~~m1pmhl . Ihlbln W it), eop tltl on fr labor of varying upon.. it by what the rpm't chtooseho dlettrees of skill eliminated h(tween DirnDs, term ",eploiatlil.. of ind ustry by organ- at~·"' ' ~~~~ $....$9O0 ond ,ith o pssi,,ibte hope of beinig abl to izod labor. 332 The Journalof Electrical Workers and Operators July, 1937

I KI'OW a man-and there are probably EVERYONE has heard the story about hundreds of others like him-who spends Stranger No. 1 asking Stranger No. 2 at a all his spare time worrying becanse the na- reception: "I wonder if that ugly looking tional debt ha. passed the $35,000,000,000 woman in the red dress thinks she looks II mark. Thirty-five billion dollars would be good with her hair fixed that way?" To a lot of money if he had to pay it off all by which Stranger No. 2 replied: "I'll go over himself, but it doesn't amount to much on and ask her-he's my wife." a per capita basis, and in a country with Here is a variation, one that is going resources like ours. the rounds of Washington at this writing: If we had to, we could pay off the whole Social Security Board Member Arthur works in a year's time, and with each person J. Altirmeyer made a speech to a large audi- paying an equal share it would cost us less ence one night and, after the meeting, he than $5 a week. asked his wife how the talk went over. "I'm not so sure," replied Mrs. Aitrmeyer. A GOVERNMENT official who handles "There was a distinguished, well-groomed pension claims was pIerpeed recently when man sitting nex to me, who kept saying, pihe received a vigorous letter from an indig- 'What a bore this Altmeyer isl' Finally nant woman who objected to "being called I asked him if he knew who I was. He said '"Your vile names" in a letter the government man he didn't and I told him I was your wife. Washington Reporter" Then he asked me, 'Do you know who I By BUDD L MCKILLIIS had written to her husband. Sorely puzzled am?' I said 'No,' and he said 'Thank God,' A FEW years ago a person would have by the accusation, the official asked the woman for particulars. He received reached for his hat and disappeared." been considered this a little bit srerwy if he reply: had suggested that, in the near future, two "I am writing you in regard to what you ANSWERS: women would be in key federal govern- called me in your letter. I don't know ment positions so far as labor is concerned. To S. A., exactly what the word Spouse' means, but Hamilton, Ont-Including its Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins was it sounds like you was trying judicial and legislative branches, the army, the to degrade first of her sex to crash through to one mI. navy and marine corps, and the Civilian of those posts. It seems to me that it would have And, in Sane, the untimely sounded better to have said 'Wife' Conservation Corps, the United States gov- death of Congressman Will Bill Connery boosted you please explain why you used the word ernment has a total of 1466,263 federal Mrs. Mary Norton into the chairmanship of ,Spouse' " employees. the highly important House of Representa- To C. B. C., Freeport, Ill-You can get tives Committee on Labor. pictures of each kind of postage stamp House committee chairmanships are THE recently made proposal that Congress issued by the U. S. government if you send awarded according to seniority. and Con- should pass legislation determining the 25 cents to "Superintendent of Documents, gressmnan Mary Norton was in line for the length of an inch and the weight of a pound Washington, D. C.." and ask for bulletin position when the Black Angel created the sounds at first like a gag lifted from an c-titled "A Description of United States evacancRy.Mrs. Norton comes fromi a labor Amos and Andy dialogue. Postage Stamps Issued by the Post Office district in New Jersey and, in the opinion I thought somebody was kidding until I Department from July 1,1847, to December of "Your Washington Reporter," labor and learned the suggestion was made by the 31, 1936.' In my opinion the government social legislation will be safe in her hands. National Bureau of Standards. The fed- should pay you 25 cents for your labor in She has been Washington's rofficial oral Constitution specifically grants Con- writing out such a gosh-awful-long title. mayorr"--chairman of the House Committee gress the power "to fix the standards of To P. H. M., Chicago.--Its too hot to on District Affairs. weights and measure'" but no precise stand- argue with you. Why don't you turn on the ards Mrs. Norton is not only the first woman have been set up, other than to make radio? There are some excellent programs chairman of the Labor Committee. but she the French metric system legal in this for children on the NBC network at 4:30 was the first woman Domoerat to ever be country- p. m., Chicago time. eected to Congress, the first of her sex to To C. O., New Haven, Conn.-The former be appointed a congressional committee INCIDENTALLY, by making a slight re- occupations of House and Senate members chairman, the first chairman of a state po- duction in the size of containers, the pro- cover a wide territory, ranging from state litical committee, and she was the intro- ducers of canned milk in a certain mid- supreme court judges and cowboys to mis- ducer of the first resolution to repeal the western state have been making more than siowaries and bartenders. Senator Robert lat, and, so far as I am concerned, In- $1l,000o.000 extra profit each year since the F. Wagner. of New York, is a former su- lamented Eighteenth Amendment. change was made-in 1933. preme court judge of that state, several The new cans are so slightly smaller than western solons have punched cattle, Senator the old ones that buyers-to whom no price Elbert D. Thomas is a former missionary, WASHINGTON newspaper correspond- reduction has been malde-never notice the and Congressman Vincent L. Palmisano, of ents, who are not any too fond of Secretary difference. Maryland, was a night bartender in a halti- of Labor Perkins (aid vice versa), had more oasis while the he attended day law laugh on her recently when she tried school. to dodge the corps of reporters at the CONGRESSMAN Robert Bacon, of New White House. York-one of the few surviving Republicans Summoned for a conference with the Pres- in the Housebelieves that legislation ident, Miss Perkins sought to avoid repor- should be passed making it mandatory for No one has success until he has the abound- ing life. This is made up of the many-fold toffal questioners by entering all corporations. in making reports to their the White activity of energy, enthusiasm and gladness. stockholders, to include full information House executive offices through a basement It is to spring to meet the day with a thrill door. She lost her way, however, in unfa- about labor conditions in their plants. at being alive. It is to go forth to meet the miliar corridors, and, walking through an "Labor," Bacon said, "should have a part morning in anecstasy of joy. It is to realhe unmarked door, found herself in the room in writing this section of the company re- the oneness of humanity in true spiritual set aside for the press gang to write their port, either through the heads of the work- sympathy.-Liian Whiting. stories when they are not playing poker. er5' labor organizations, or through some The reporters, however, gallantly escorted other representative of the employees' own her to the President's office-after extract- choosing." If we wish to be just judges of all things, let us first persuade ourselves of ing a pledge that she would hold a press If I were a stockholder I would favor such this: that legislation. If there is not one of us without fault: no man conference later. the factory building was de- is found who can acquit himself; and he who preciating so that a new one would have calls himself innocent does so with reference ANY reader who is contemplating having to be built soon, I would want to know that. to a witness, and not to his consience.- a battleship built for his wife and kiddiea But I would also want to know if the eom- will save himself a little cash by having the pany's labor policy was such that discontent work done in one of the government-owned and resentment were breeding trouble that navy yards. When the last bids for build- would result not only in a loss of money VEST CHAIN SUDE CHARM but in loss of much more valuable goodwill. ing these sea giants were opened by the A watch charm so fine look- Navy Department it was found that private ing you'll enjoy wearing it shipbuilding companies wanted only about SOMETHING to worry about: $10,000,000 more to construct each ship than The larger whales, in the prime of life, Of 10-karat gold and clearly it would cost to build them in Uncle Sam's increase more than 100 pounds in weight displaying the I. B. E. 4 own plants. every day. W. insignia. Price only $4 :: ~,- a.. J ONEEVERN'JOWC~-- - ON- EVERY o, 5,~ 'I'

Just to st5 *aIo he,rish ote cl asow er a~ro H,oh'r tries to rrp'pses iha hish ti ., ii ;tu. Iif the di,.. n Drhg r toioga e htrite o(tc}f il tt tr II it (lIts odt of ihI, t aisl, er to r,s-1 is.'.h eat it, "Exxe., ,uds ti!f Life' JOB INSIURANCE TRAIN ('ATnIES TBHOlT GO)OD THINGS OF L1FE

The other i.' thee stream(le train City of Brother J', Ii. are you satisfied with the Denver, r,'iledi int'o Ihicn w iththe head rumba'that f all light broken. and inside thI lamp lay a roIm tableI w hereluxury abounds for Ill" freshclyraught t rout1 lere's thIe i Nl/Il iation: Wouldst snk your teeth in a nict thick steak Ate ... ,k*n~l it,iiigst&~" you. h··ililidi~I ri t.italmrv wrik.l b Wheii he titlm wai goinrig 80 li inir ho.r Su~r rtmrnh wtdhalwitlrress Oill I p il Ite fin eaghe .oolld t iiittt . Illth. Th traill iih dyiis ar tr h oill th,h lldi. bo,, W.oulI 5iiu i.re to relax in body .antininld, lnulirkeild t e l thed teagle. o u oh f l's beak Ar.I feel that yp.r food was or the prup r that ,ou'd Ilikl llk or h[is diti se.Iiit dlroippied e ri: a; the train auht the trout ¥<,/1usIliU[e ableip ti helplhint sob andil wert hiltirng merrily nibing its way. kind? AndIIi 1keid oi, toills alit tie least exeut Then reach for Ia eigar anid p Ltrwith glee, Aba.t. hH les's, andi slhw olliethin., N ow aIe in, yo.u fish story aritS iiijl Iie [lowfill in order"Ii holdd yl's job',d 1ieh pufR of osmoke a picture to se, that one! A pileture which spelis contelltlllert Alld don't be fl y liaoulityour flnIe ()1 the itails y5ou h~liglit, for ai lou~sy lime. That Irufd yiLir pillay t liii iulh etl. My ideal.F the good things of life Inforim the I/'s what 1(1eurrd at nlectirig Amdu··,~~ if we rmember, .~ou,rt[ it I.. a. i, is net "a flop llnd a feed," And what ~ais ~aLl that was worth r~ela~itiiwl. btl"t~ griirlnorf that 0this Urittli,, fIfOl [ want tlo eijoy ail Natulres charms; And /ad tiiie hiek of your car with scretw, y.u. DIlu! A Vk..../tdtl I, Ie itih St.o. bill, I want to live, indeed! Alii] iuts "ladh alts rit, assorted fuse, A lmlhllhie f i and iI iol if wire; VACATION DAYS I Wailt rereation, rest an.d play, lin dei)rive if W atteo m ill ra 'lo see the sun rise in the east every ay th., "I'M I,, l-' IIIb\it bg; Let's give tLure ehceera, foarllti' all thtem, A nd beam its warmth and golden hue ]7tiioi yeail (} a contented world, far and wide I 'Ill gOuilg tO jill... tny first vaiitaiuli.. Where joy anid not sorrows now abide, Now lear in inli.. thlt ihiw ork l lgestII itl going tll p[lek niy shirt inid oittit th kiild.s, Where the golden rule oni an eibiil filil Thhen traviil to a flew location. wave, AnId true blotherhood will have its day. I'm goilg to flill(unshiLne, larve the city I,. UI, No. 124. behind: INJ&IAlN II. (ApII1ENT'CI, My diliiress will Le the fret iiars L U. No. 103. Itelize a life' anhiitioill; YeN, s'I, 11I goji' fishiri'! ]]%.... In e. r ,,I o sh he.'sirubt, Iyt Baiting hook· will e miy only clhores. TIlE STAMP OF MERIT (A Iribii i, o Our Unina La beI No cities to curb iie, no whistles to liusturi "IItile If within its little space one could engrave Iih il, ht bInt. No 'llairl el.I... to disturb nSy teauty shop 'lho fine ahievemen l ts in lette rs f gold! Seven o'clock will ie a ti rtisg of /IllOther Glorify it as an emblem of the brave; ]day's ilhpcliniig A symiol of sacrifices untoli! Whore the waters of a stream hne flowing ]Tii nll.r,l Iholb. hi' l filltllf . Jeep. No artist couil accurately portray Its polih akikg,, adventurous eveni; ]Tnc(gtHeyt ' ,ieth...$Lt'p of oorin, Ta, ld.,k sour ridlil? ]I tWO wicks, il, I will see yon, or perhaps Nor ciould an author try as he lacy, hr iit Slitle~Itku hi th.i..I.. . IbtI Iwi relieve yo., Ifpict tie idealis it represents! AS again iqtrap .ill.. y surs nIl belr. No ..... ky WIllwiU yflltrdn After all these,h years' levotioel, ricgh mrIl,it The ligi stamp ilthat has promptly restored strife and clrn...m.timln To tailers hecir lost dignity and pride; on.,',ne .hi hay, don't lie ,n nreek, lit keen to realize appre...citi felt Ihe token if unity and accord Or other plea'le~ do Sou reek? lThat forced laggards by the time's trend Fr ,, re ehch .. i....lh we l..ok to lIf TiE I)rtK OF TiIo.l to abide! WhIat suIjet you haiv lrught to nli.d.

Iet it ie an outstanding standard of skill,. If ;i.ui wer, sik. thou well orgive, Af btleeoi of lasting peae and good will! And all dIo halmi that you will lwiv tWe'rs lit p , orb rlyi thatA camer thflh To wrill, a:aln HIo e soje' t that lenndrris•, Uirtirk. IIfre he is, .Iskns iI A'Bt O'Luck, Will ulak' ai lli take ,It ollr hllt ABIE C;LACK. t·g if i ti(r4 ii ieal inych of ilic' to lg IhI Brolhers i,* h}Fa t giti nnlonnIt 'eM, oat i1 L. U. No. 3, ew York City. Afd ti ALe ;Iihk, I wih t. saty 7'a~omn, TUIh And with a coiph, af ery You're dloing tl,. ,-mre.,uAking hay. rilcent rbs:lice.*: Sr...ietinir% tour artelm; are eep., TAKES A NICKEL '1T RING TillE ]Jiltill of thef e in E/ill I keelt WIAT IS AN AXIOM? BELl. Thtini sorme lin~e soimi day roay lind temleting that [missed 6ir4 tiii. An all i ,l {is slf-evhIrent fact, f'r inatauto: A fellow ill OSnAngeles [,ot tired if an- swering tihe dolrbell for agentspdlers. and Corn Cob Willie. toulre swell, Thiis aximn isisr) tywll known. so hi fixed op a doorbell device on,hieh he A nl every mionth yitu rilng the bell, A fuse is nu.t o good once. it i blwn. hus reedived a patent. The bell will iit. rig .hki kep it up. fur all to read ONLY GOOD WORK i iunlessa nikel is put into a slot device. Soen pileasure thaut le SO rlely need., When the icjkel is inserted it remains half If your wiring is dine right, out of the lait buit establishes an electric coa Anii St..e O'NeL, w( wish ym' wll, i. your pwi,, that al., swell ihe way the cule rIqu.ire, tact vhkh sets flf the bell. If there i nolIdy F Yu're prote"'teld dy aind fight it h',±l. the caller call take hi nickekl out. We tlnd oel, till, ,nii troth or pleasure. rom danger anid frlnil fire. But when the door oprels it trips Ia lever that wolth iropils the roiI into It box inside the iinuse. The tine it take,, C. read your verse. WIAt, II?. iI .I.C. . rlieads get their nickels returnedbut agedit BoRuitiE 230e,•]t., In the Far Northwest, I. U. No. 76,. are just out of luck. Of L. U, Noh. 17 With public sentiment nothing can fail. Without it nothing can succeed. Consequently, he who moulds public sentiment goes deeper than he who enacts statutes or pronounces decisions. He makes statutes and decisions possible to be executed. -ABRAHAM LINCOLN.