Introduction the Foundations of Diplomatic Security
INTRODUCTION THE FOUNDATIONS OF DIPLOMATIC SECURITY INTRODUCTION 8 THE FOUNDATIONS OF DIPLOMATIC SECURITY Diplomatic security is as old as diplomacy itself. Initially, diplomatic security was primarily the secure conveyance of government communications using couriers and codes. The Persian, Babylonian, Egyptian, Chinese, Greek, Roman, Aztec, and Incan empires developed courier services to carry imperial messages. The Greeks and Romans also developed ciphers to preserve confidentiality of diplomatic messages.1 By the Renaissance (1500s), codes had emerged, and Spanish, French, English, Vatican, and Venetian foreign ministers routinely used ciphers and codes when writing to their diplomats abroad. The European monarchies also developed courier networks to carry messages. Courier work was seen as a training ground for diplomats because couriers had to exercise discretion, know the local language, and employ disguises to avoid detection.2 Colonial-era leaders in North America were acutely aware of the need to protect their correspondence. As tensions escalated between Great Britain and its American colonies in the 1760s, the Sons of Liberty communicated with each other by Figure 1: Henry Laurens, U.S. Commissioner to the dropping letters at secretly designated coffee houses or Netherlands. Laurens and his papers were captured by the British while en route to Europe. His papers provided taverns, where sympathetic postmen or ship captains evidence of Dutch aid to the American Revolution and led would pick up and deliver the letters. During the Great Britain to declare war on the Netherlands. Portrait by Pierre Eugène du Simitière, 1783. Source: Library of American Revolution, the small fleet of sympathetic Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.
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